The Broad Ax

THE BROAD AX HEW TO THE LINE. THE NEGRO AND THE REPUBLICA AN PARTY. THE WILY AND DEM AGOGIC LEADERS OF THAT PARTY HAVE FOR YEAR'S USED HIM TO PULL THE CHESTNUTS OUT OF THE FIRE FOR THEM. Much has been said and written recently by the numerous Afro-American editors and publishers throughout the country respecting the actions of the lily-white leaders of the Republican party in the Southern states, in excluding the Negro from participating in their various state conventions, and the attitude or the position maintained by President Roosevelt in relation to this supposed new movement on the part of the wily and demagogic leaders of that party. One would naturally conclude after familiarizing themselves with their views or writings that this movement in lily-whitening the Republican party is entirely new, whereas it dates back for many years. In reviewing the history of this so-called new movement and the history or the actions of the leaders of the Republican party in reference to the rights of the Negro, prior to and during the war of the rebellion, it is sufficient to say that the leaders of that party did not plunge this country into a bloody war on account of the great amount of love which they entertained for the Negro, that the war records at Washington show that more than "six hundred thousand Democrats" fought on the side of the Union, that many of the greatest Generals in the northern army were Democrats, that President Lincoln's secretary of war was a life long Democrat, and that even after the great Republican party was firmly entrenched in all the branches of this government it was willing to enforce the Fugitive Slave Law, and perpetrate slavery in the Republic by amending the Constitution for that purpose. So that no state could interfere with slavery, until every state in the union, by its individual state action, would consent to its abolishment. That the thirteenth amendment to the constitution of the United States was formulated and championed by a democrat; that many Democratic members of Congress voted for all three of the Amendments which conferred freedom and citizenship upon the Negro. That long after the enactment of these mighty scenes, that immortal statesman, Charles Sumner, proclaimed to the Negro that "he had succeeded in gaining his liberty through the fortunes of war and from thenceforward he must not permit himself to become the mental nor the political slave of either one of the great political parties." But to his everlasting discredit the Negro has ~ermitted himself to ignore the golden advice imparted to him by the illustrious Charles Sumner, and the result is that he is considered as being nothing more nor less than the servile slave of the lily-white leaders of the Republican party. Hence his inability to remember that the wily and demagogic leaders of the Republican party robbed him out of fifty seven million dollars through the failure of the Freedman's Savings bank, that through the United States Supreme court which was composed of all Republicans, the "Civil Right's Bill" was declared to be unconstitutional, that the same court favored his disfranchisement, and Jim Crow cars for him, when it sat in judgement in the case which was carried on up to it for adjudication from the state of Mississippi, that for many years the money lords and managers of the Republican party have been drifting away from the teachings and principles of that party which were uppermost in the hearts of the people at the time of its formation, that for more than twenty years these same money kings or lords have been engaged in piloting the Republican party through the sea of fifty whitelam, but the Negro and his leaders have been unconscious of these undisputable facts. If the Negro will only open his eyes to the bright sunlight which shines all around him, he will observe that as far back as 1890 the first movement was made in the Southern states to lily-white the Republican party, that in August, 1894, the Republican state convention of Tennessee met in the city of Nashville and sixty-five of its lily-white delegates withdrew from the convention hall and refused to participate in any of its proceedings with the Negro, that the lily-white leaders of the party in Louisiana, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, Texas, and in several other Southern states in that same year and in 1896, set on foot the movement to debar or prevent the Negro from mingling with them in their county or state conventions. That in August, 1894, John Sherman wrote a letter to A. B. Norton, one of the leaders of the lily-white party in Texas, urging him to devise some plan or scheme to "cast the Negro overboard," acting on the advice of the late John Sherman, the lily-whites of Texas, in 1896, refused to send one Negro delegate to the national convention held at St. Louis, which nominated William McKinley for president, that in 1900 the lily-whites of Boxboro, N. C., drove the colored Republicans away from the convention hall with clubs, and similar tactics were resorted to by the lily-whites in Virginia and in other southern states. That heretofore if the Negro was selected as a delegate to any of the Republican state conventions in the South he has been compelled to occupy a "Jim Crow" corner in the hall, and not attempt to mix up in any manner, shape or form with the lily-white delegates. That this spirit of lily-whiteism is rapidly gaining headway in the ranks of the Republican party in all sections of the country. The late President William McKinley was in hearty accord with this movement, and while serving as president, he elevated to responsible positions many white men in the South who had always been the bitterest foes of the Negro, at the same time he ordered the Negro to stand aside and make room for that class of whites who were ever ready to mob and lynch him, and at the time President McKinley made his famous tour through the South he exclaimed that "the proudest day of his life was when the ex-rebel pinned the Confederate badge on the lapel of his coat." While speaking to the students of Tuskegee, Prof. Booker T. Washington's school, while on that same Southern trip, he admonished them "not to aspire to the unobtainable, that they must be contented to remain the hewers of wood and the drawers of water." And before passing away from this earth President McKinley, who owed both of his elections to the Negro vote, favored his disfranchisement in the Southern States. President "Teddy" Roosevelt, whose life was saved by the Negro troops at El Carney, and who has succeeded in robbing these same Negro troops of all their military glory and honor and appropriating it unto himself, also favors the new or the old idea or plan of transforming the Republican Party into a white man's party; for shortly after he became President of the United States, by the grace of the Negro vote. He xclaimed while he was engaged in conversation with United States Senators, Pritchard of North Carolina, and McLaurin of South Carolina, "I will support President McKinley's political policy so far as it relates to the South, tooth and nail. On this I have made up my mind absolutely and unequivocally. The late President's course regarding the South had my hearty co-operation and approbation, and you can say to your friends, who are interested in developing and carrying out that policy that I will stand by them." President Roosevelt, in this his famous interview with these two senators who are the two most prominent leaders of the Lily White movement in the South, further declared that " he would not be a party to any scheme to curtail the political rights and privileges that the South now enjoys. In other words. "I will do as the late President McKin- ley did—use my influence to check any efforts that may be made by Congress to cut down Southern representation in Congress on account of the exclusion of the Negro vote." We all know that President McKinley through Albert J. Hopkins, who wants to mis-represent the liberty-loving people of Illinois in the United States Senate bribed or rewarded the people residing in Louisiana, Mississippi, Florida, Texas, and North Carolina, by giving them one extra Congressman each because they so successfully succeeded in enacting legislation which disfranchises the Negro, and permits ignorant white men to vote. Once more we also know that almost every day in the week President Roosevelt is elevating Democrats into positions in all sections of the South; those who are opposed to the progress of the Negro. Yet in spite of all the foregoing facts the Negro feels that for no logical reason he must forever remain the mental or the political slave of the Republican party, which is his greatest curse. Will he not from hence forward study the political issues or questions of the day and vote intelligently on them the same as other American citizens and refrain from voting for either one of the great political parties simply because he is a Negro? If he will only assert his manhoood and political independence, then his children and children's children will pronounce their blessing and benedictions upon him. GEORGE DUDDLESTON CANDIDATE FOR STATE TREASURER. George Duddleston, Democratic nominee for state treasurer, represents the best there is in Democracy of the great Democratic city of Chicago. As a business man, a democrat and a public official, he has been indorsed over and over again by public opinion backed by votes. Mr. Duddleston is a native of Cambridgeshire, England, but has lived in this country for more than a third of a century, most of the time in Chicago where he is a wholesale and retail dealer in dressed meats. Mr. Duddleston never sought any office until a nomination for alderman in the old 11th ward of Chicago was thrust upon him in 1897, in the second year of the movement in the city to purify the council and put reputable business men into it instead of professional ward politicians. In that ward, one of the banner silk stocking republican wards of the city, Mr. Duddleston was elected by 650 majority and two years later was reelected by 1,700. After the city was redistricted and this ward was converted into one with about 4,000 republican majority on a normal vote, Mr. Duddleston lost only about 100. Every time he ran, he was indorsed by the business men of the city, the Municipal Voters League and practically all of the republican and independent as well as democratic newspapers. Mr. Duddleston was one of the strong men of Chicago's city council. He served on the school commission with President Harper of the Chicago university which revised the local school management, fought the cement trust to a finish when it tried to grab a monopoly of intercepting sewer construction and for his work in behalf of labor was made an honorary member of the Bricklayers union; served on the Bridewell committee and forced the restriction of bids, when coal was bought, to Illinois coal. He was always for Illinois against the world and for honest and economical administration of public offices. Col. John R. Marshall, is so full of self-conceit that he declares "he will receive more votes or be the highest man on the Republican ticket for county commissioner." But he will be playing in luck if he is not the last man on the ticket, and he may be laid out so low after the election is over that no one will ever hear of him, outside of Ed Morris, Attorney for the "Gamblers Trust." Mush-month Johnson, Sam Snowden, Bob Motts, and Co. [Picture of a man in a suit with a mustache and a wig]. THOMAS E. BARRETT THE NEXT SHERIFF OF COOK COUNTY. One might infer or arrive at the conclusion if they permitted themselves to be swayed or influenced by John M. Harlan's running off at the mouth respecting Thomas E. Barrett, that the latter gentleman is nothing more than a tramp without any standing in business circles of Chicago and without respectability. This however is false, and John M. Harlan knows that if he is honest that he is dealing his own conscience a violent blow, by endeavoring to belittle or blacken the character of Thomas E. Barrett in the eyes of the voters of Cook County. Thomas E. Barrett needs no eulogium from our hands nor from any other source. It is true that prior to this year he did not receive as much free advertising in the newspapers as John M. Harlan. But he pays his debts as promptly as the former gentleman does, and his word in business transactions will go as far as his and even as far as old Dan Healy's word, who, has grown immensely wealthy by eating up the people's money at the public crib for the past thirty-five or forty years. Socially Mr. Barrett stands as well as John Harlan or Dan Healy, his Republican opponent. For he is a member of Court 391, Catholic Order of Foresters, Marquette Council of Knights of Columbus, and he is also a member of other secret societies The Junior Church organ is noted for eating black crow. Last summer after Dan Healy was nominated for sheriff, Col. Sandbag Turner, one of its editors or owners, informed us that "he would be opposed to the election of Dan Healy, whom he asserted was never known to give up anything to colored people or to assign them to good paying positions, that he had grown very wealthy from holding office for the past forty years and in hoodwinking the people." But in the last month or two Old Dan has tossed, no doubt, "The Monitor" man one or two silver dollars and he is now crawling in the dust at his feet, and last week the Junior Church organ contained a long rambling article on "Healy for Sheriff, Jailor John L. Whitman, Thomas E. Barrett and The Broad Ax," and as it will only make voters for Thomas E. Barrett, among the Afro-Americans for legions of them know him well and intend to cast their votes for him, we thank the Junior Church organ and its alleged editors for bringing it forth. Our friend Richard E. Burke, assistant prosecuting attorney of Chicago, should be sent to the Legislature in the Nineteenth District, for he and his running mate, J. T. Prendergast are worth of the honor. and social clubs. As a member of the Board of Trade, he commands the greatest respect from its best and brightest members, and his popularity with them and all of its clerks cannot be estimated and they have faith and the greatest confidence in his business ability, honesty and integrity. That accounts for the reason why the great majority of its members have banded themselves together for the purpose of pushing along his successful boom for Sheriff. They are not only furnishing the wind or steam, but they are also putting up the money out of their own pockets to assist him in waging a clean and gentlemanly campaign. One which reflects credit not only on Tom Barrett, but also on the gentlemen who are assisting or supporting him. As we have stated before that if Thomas E. Barrett is elected Sheriff of Cook County( and it is our honest opinion that he will be). He has promised to feed the prisoners of Cook County at actual cost which would rebound to the interest of the tax payers, and as he is public spirited, more capable in every way to serve as Sheriff than Dan Healy, who has no reputation at stake. It is the duty of the voters of this city and county to rally to the support of Thomas E. Barrett and elect him Sheriff of this the richest county in the State of Illinois. Samuel C. Selby, Independent Republican candidate for the legislature in the first senatorial district, is putting up a great fight against Ed Morris, Attorney for the "Gamblers Trust." Mr. Selby is a clean man, stands well with the respectable people of both races in his district. He favors new or advanced ideas in politics. If elected he will cast his vote for the Hon. Wm. E. Mason for United States senator, while if Ed. Morris is elected he will vote for Albert J. Hopkins for senator, who by his past record in Congress has proven himself to be no friend of the Negro. Will the Afro-American voters in the 1st district stand for Morris, gamblers and gambling lawyers as against Selby and "honest men?" Will they turn down their life-long friends like Wm. E. Mason and support men who will vote for their rank enemies like Albert J., Hopkins, who hates all Negroes? We pause for a reply. Let the Afro-American Republican editors who are having so much to say just now about Ben Tillman, Morgan and company remember, that on New Years Day, 1901, President William McKinley, invited Ben Tillman, the anarchist to dine with him at the White House and that no distinguished Negro was permitted to sit down at the table with them. William G. Asay is confident that he will make George Wayback Dixon bite the dust in the 1st Senatorial District. William Hale Thompson's numerous friends are confident that he will be one of the new commissioners of Cook County. Representatives John E. Doyle and Edward M. Cummings will be returned to the Legislature in their respective districts. County Commissioner Jacob Thielen and candidate Joseph Grein are both reasonably sure that they will be chosen members of the County Board. Conrad W. Rohe candidate for County Clerk is a sure-enough winner and he will walk into the County Clerks office with both hands down. Some of the boys have been endeavoring to head off Alderman Stanley H. Kunze, but Stanley will be a member of the next State Senate just the same. Representative Benjamin M. Mitchell, who is a power in politics in the 14th Ward will experience no difficulty in being re-elected to the State Legislature. Mayor D. J. Hogan, Geneva, Illinois: "My son John has resumed his studies at Yale College and each and every week Mrs. Hogan and my daughter sends The Broad Ax to him." James A. Quinn, City Sealer of Chicago, is leaving no stone unturned in his effort to elect Lockwood Honore Congressman in the Ninth Congressional District. We have no time nor space this week to waste on Revs. Longreen Murray and Andy Carey, but next week we will have something hot on tap for them. Hon. James J. Gray, member of the Board of Assessors, who can have the support of The Broad Ax for Mayor of Chicago in 1903 is laboring night and day for the election of Thomas E. Barrett as sheriff of Cook County. Congressmen George P. Foster, James McAndrews, and William F. Mahony are all three winners. For neither one of them will encounter any opposition in their Congressional pasture fields. Rev. R. A. White, of the Stewart Avenue Universalist Church, Englewood, is engaged in delivering a series of lectures on Sunday nights "On the Habits and Characteristics of the Southern Negro." Prof. George C. Howland, candidate for superintendent of county schools, is connected with the Chicago University, and he is thoroughly competent to handle the affairs of the office which he is seeking. Miss Grace Sulzer, an Afro-American of Albuquerque, N. M., has been rewarded the place of honor in this year's exhibit of students' work at the Chicago Art Institute. She is regarded by competent judges as a sculptor or much promise. Adam Wolf, one of the present efficient members of the Board of Assessors of Cook County realizes that he has a hard fight on his hands in going up against Mr. Albert Flahell, who is strong and popular, But Mr. Wolf believes that he will outrun him. John P. Hopkins, chairman of the Democratic State Committee of Illinois, is well pleased with the political situation throughout the State and he is firmly of the opinion that if the leaders of the party here in Cook County do their duty, the State and County ticket will pull through. Dan Morgan Smith is winning thousands and thousands of the best people in the Third Congressional District over on his side of the fence. And Mr. Melville G. Holding, his political manager, and many others believe that he will be the next Congressman from that district. County Commissioner James H. Daley, who is one of the great labor leaders of Chicago, has the endorsement of the press of this city and county, and that means that Commissioner Daley will have easy sailing for two years longer as one of the new commissioners. THE BROAD AX Will preeniglate end at all times uphold the true principles of Democracy, but Catholics, Protestants, Friends, Indies, Formers, Single Texans, Republicans, Knights of Labor, or any one else can have their say, so long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in advance. One Year.....$2.00 Six Months.....1.00 Advertising rates made known on application. Address all communications to JULIUS F. TAYLOR, Editor and Publisher. Entered at the Post Office at Chicago, IL., as Second-class Matter. A DAMPER ON PROPOSALS. Some of the Indignities That Are Heaped Upon the Bridegroom-Elect in China. Women are constantly complaining that eligible men show a most uncompromising desire to remain single instead of selecting a wife. It is, therefore, a good thing that the same conditions do not prevail in England as in some parts of China, or the probability is that not one in a thousand would ever take a woman "for better or for worse," says Woman's Life. In these celestial regions the bridegroom-elect has to submit to being dressed up by his friends in any sort of costume they like, and, thus habited, they accompany him in state through the streets of the town. Perhaps in that part of the world men are over- anxious to be married, and everything which can possibly be done to induce them to remain single until they arrive at a more mature age has to be resorted to. It is another case of all being fair in love and war, and no doubt the Chinaman who is shouting to-day, as he accompanies his friend, knows full well that next week he may be the bridegroom-elect, and so the punishment is robbed of much of its terror. TO RAISE COTTON IN EGYPT. The British Cotton Growing association, which, with the hearty cooperation of the colonial secretary, Joseph Chamberlain, is trying to render the British empire independent of the United States so far as raw cotton is concerned, is now paying special attention to upper Egypt. Maj. Count Gleichen, secretary of the sirdar of the Egyptian forces, Maj. Gen. Wingate, addressing the association at Manchester recently, said the experiments now concluded on the banks, of the Nile show the quality of the cotton grown there to be the equal of any in the world. There are available 15,000,000 acres of irrigated land, and the only difficulty is the labor supply, the dervishes having depopulated the Soudan, but the completion of the Suakim-Berber railroad is expected to solve the problem, besides furnishing an outlet for the crop. WARNSONAMERICAN FINANCE The London Times Says That Growing Liabilities Are a Source of Danger. In an editorial article discussing the present economic situation in the United States the London Times says it considers that, although the commercial credit of the United States is perhaps not quite so good as it was a year ago and the actual situation not entirely free from disquieting features, yet, being favored with good harvests and a promising cotton crop, business prospects appear to be healthy for another year. "For the next few months, at least, the big harvests of the United States will probably secure the business world against the collapse of credit in New York, but," the paper continues, "unless we are to accept the new fangled doctrine that in some mysterious way economic laws need not be taken into account where America is concerned, the present state of things and the present fashion of finance cannot continue forever. "Mere magnitude of resources,however dazzling to the unthinking,will not save their owner from embarrassment,or worse,if he allows his liabilities to grow in excess of them." A paper in Golden, Col., raked in many delinquents on the ground of this eloquent appeal: "You may approximate the stars in a nail keeg, hang the ocean on a grapevine to dry, wipe the nose of a cyclone with a towel, cut off the tail end of a tornado for a keepsake, put the sky in the ground to soak, unbuckle the bellyband of eternity and open up the sun and moon as health resorts, but never be deluded with the idea that you can escape the other side of purgatory if you don't pay for your paper." Fasting Feats in India. In fasting feats the sect of Jains, in India, is far ahead of all rivals. Fasts of from 30 to 40 days are very common and once a year they are said to abstain from food for 75 days. A Subject of Large Proportions. Words are too feeble to describe the glories of the Iowa corn crop this year, but most of the Iowa papers are trying to do it, says the Chicago Tribune. 1 HON. THOMAS GALLAGHER EX-VICE PRESIDENT OF THE BOARD OF EDUCATION OF CHICAGO AND WHO WILL BE ONE OF THE NEW COMMISSIONERS OF COOK COUNTY. on. William E. Mason, champion of the rights of the Negro who is making the greatest fight of his life to retain his seat in the United States Senate against Albert J. Hopkins, who favors the disfranchisement of the Negro in the Southern States. Down with Hopkins and his Negro hating crowd! Up with the banner of freedom and William E. Mason! Among the varolus candidates or gentlemen who are aspiring or endeavoring to become commissioners of Cook County, not one of them is more eminently fitted or better equipped to serve the people of this great city and county in that capacity than the Hon. Thomas Gallagher, who for a long time was the polished and efficient vice-president of the Board of Education of Chicago, and he is throuoghtly known throughout this city and county. Thomas Gallagher has a clean record behind him and he does not require any whitewashing. He has honestly served the people in the City Council at a time when the grafting and boodling element was in the majority. But Mr. Gallagher was not or is no grafter, and be it said to his credit, while in the Council, he never betrayed the trust reposed in him by the people, neither did he attempt to turn over the streets of Chicago to the railway companies. For many years Mr. Gallagher was engaged in the gents' furnishing goods business on the West Side, and by honest and square dealings, he conducted an enormous business. His name during that time became familiar to every man, woman and child in his section of the city. As a first-class business man he succeeded in acculmulating considerable means, and it may be permissible to state that in our opinion no man is capable of conducting or transacting business for the public unless he can successfully manage or control his own affairs, and as Mr. Gal- lagher has displayed his ability in that direction, therefore, he will make a tip top commissioner. As a member of the Board of Education no member of that board has accomplished more and worked harder to advance or improve the educational facilities of this geat city than Thomas Gallagher. Although at all times since his connection with the Board of Education he has stood for economy and honesty in the administration of its affairs and the efficiency on the part of the teachers as against extravagance in any degree. It is with pleasure that we can state that there are a mighty few men who are as devoid of race prejudice as Thomas Gallagher who always deports himself like a true gentleman. He knows no man by his complexion, nationality nor religion, and we can call the names of several Afro-American women whom Mr. Gallagher has assited to secure positions in the public schools of Chicago, and there is no member of the board is as widely known among the Afro-Americans as Mr. Gallagher, for he has ever been interested in their advancement and impairment along moral and educational lines, and thousands of them will make an X by his name next Tuesday and let it go at that. Surely the voters and the tax payers of this city and county will not fail to elect Thomas Gallagher one of the new commissioners, if they do, then it will be self-evident that they are incapable of self-government. By Which They Seek to Turn Away The Wrath of Those Who Reuse Them Alms. In the severity of a Chicago winter the able-bodied Chicago beggar has a certain temerity that deserts him as the mercury column rises to the dignity of a July day, says the Tribune. With the mercury ten degrees below zero it is not an uncommon thing for a street beggar to curse an unwilling citizen to such an extent that a policeman takes him to the station in a patrol wagon. In these warm days, however, the able-bodied man who wants a "little assistance" has taken a new tack. A prosperous-looking citizen stood in La Salle street the other day at noon when a husky fellow lounged up to him and asked in the well-known whine: "Mister, could you give me a little assistance. I—" "No, air," was the emphatic response, "I wouldn't give my great-grandmother a bite of bread if she was twice as thirsty as you are at this minute." "Thank you, air; thank you, sir. I'm much obliged to you," was the humble reply to the tirade. "I—" "O, don't mention it," returned the citizen; "you can't pawn it. I've got it covered by copyright." But as the fellow slouched away it was evident that most of it all was lost on him. DEADLY VOLCANO GAS. Budd to Have Caused the Speedy Disseolution of Everyone of Sou- friero's Victims, Gen. Forwood who received a report from Lieut. Jere B. Clayton, assistant surgeon, concerning the distribution of medical supplies to the people of the West Indies suffering from the effects of the recent volcanic eruptions, says that, as near as could be ascertained, the cause of death was the explosion of an inflammable gas which was emitted by the mountain, reports a Washington exchange. The most plausible explanation of the conditions found, he says, was given by Lieut. John J. Reilly, a member of the expedition, who suggested that the gas as sent forth by the mountain was not inflammable until mixed with a certain quantity of oxygen, and that mixture was reached at the time the gas arrived at St. Pierre. It was firmly asserted by all the survivors that everyone in St. Pierre was dead three minutes after the explosion took place. The medical men say that the cause of death at St. Vincent seems to have been sulphur dioxide, or a similar gas, emitted by Soufriere. A few persons were injured or killed by falling rocks. Burns were found on the posterior surface of the exposed parts of the body, indicating that everyone was running away from the mountain. THE BREEZE CURR. Beneficial Effect of Riding at Full Speed in a Vehicle of High Motor Power. The medical journals declare that to ride in an automobile at full speed is an excellent tonic. It "sends rushes of pure air through the nostrils into the lungs, while the beating of the same pure air against the face has the effect of hardening the muscles and of quickening the circulation." This is what any brisk movement in the open air will do, especially if the wind is blowing, says the Hartford Times. Could not the effect be produced by a reservoir of compressed air connected with a six-inch pipe? The passenger could sit in a chair on the porch and let the breeze be turned on him at the same velocity that he would be carried against the air in an automobile. He could wear his leather coat and goggles and have all the benefits of a rapid ride without the danger of running over pedestrians. A steering wheel could be furnished to complete the resemblance. From time to time water could be allowed to trickle into the pipe and a driving rain be produced. Or salt water could be used and the effect of sailing in a stiff breeze be given. The plan is worth considering. It is not patented. One of the highest Jewish authorities in Palestine tells me, says William R. Curtis in the Chicago Record-Herald, that at least 35 per cent. of his religionists in this country to-day are subsisting directly or indirectly on charity, and at least 20 per cent. are absolutely dependent upon foreign benevolence. About one-half of them have sought here an asylum from persecution. They have fled from Poland, Russia and Roumania. The remainder are aged or infirm persons who seek a grave in the sacred soil. They come here to die. The Mount of Olives is covered with cemeteries, and the slopes of the hill upon which Jerusalem is built are occupied by neglected graves. Quite a number of Jewish scholars come here to study. Others are attracted by sentiment and some come because they know they will be supported by charity. Convancing by Preny. A company has just been formed in France to relieve parliamentary candidates of all the worries of a general election. Posters, agents, orators, audiences—all are found. Voters, however, are not supplied, but if the candidate is not elected the company guarantees to return a third of whatever he may have paid to secure his return. Grafted Eyelids. A Philadelphia physician recently successfully grafted a set of eyelids for a patient who had lost his own in a fire. CITY ATTORNEY JOHN E. OWENS RESTORED PEACE BETWEEN At the time that the writer began to hang the political hides of Col. Robert E. Burke and in June, 1901, Fred E. Eldred up on our fence to dry, for the reason that they had absolutely refused to liquidate an honest obligation which was entered into by them with The JOHN B. BURTON John E. Owens the honest and Energetic City Attorney who Acted the part of Peace maker between Edward M. Lahiff and Julius F. Taylor. Broad Ax, we had not the remotest idea that that fight would extend so far and drag or engulf many prominent men into it, and at that momentous period Mr. Edward M. Lahiff rushed into it with the object of protecting or rescuing his friend Col. Robt. E. Burke. Then The Broad Ax began to lay close up to the sides of Mr. Lahiff and it tussled with him for quite a while, and as it did so other influential gentlemen became envolved in the fight, until finally City Attorney John E. Owens, who has the reputation of being quite diplomatic, assumed the heavy responsibility of negotiating Edward M. Lahiff who is making a successful Race for Clerk of the Appellate Court. peace betyeen Mr. Lahiff and The Broad Ax. After much hard work Mr. Owens was successful in having the white flag of peace run. So on Saturday morning while in the mayor's office in the presence of Col. Stewart, of The Journal, Mr. Watkins, representing The City Press, Jerry McCarthy, Deputy City Collector, City Attorney John E. Owens, and several other gentlemen, Candidate Lahiff and ourself, met face to face. We shook hands, patted Mr. Lahiff on the back and he again cheerfully extended to us the right way in the Mayor's office. It was an impressive scene, one long to be remembered by those who witnessed it. Several of Mr. Lahiff's closest and warmest friends intimated that his heart was in the right place. That when he first landed in this country from Germany or the Green Isle, he worked on the docks of Detroit, Mich., with colored men, ate and slept with them, that his head boss or overseer was also an Afro-American and that Mr. Lahiff still entertains kindly feelings towards Afro-Americans, and this is true, for upon investigation we have learned of many good deeds which he has performed in behalf of the race, and many of them will not fail to cast their vote for him next Tuesday. Now that the fight of The Broad Ax on Edward M. Lahiff has passed into history, all the politicians in and out the city hall and thousands of other people feel sure that he will be elected clerk of the appellate court, and that he is fully capable of discharging the duties of that office. SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY. The maple sugar season lasts only five or six weeks, but it yields American farmers over a million dollars a year. Paper coal is a form of Magnolia found near Bonn, in Germany. It splits naturally in films as thin a paper. Seventy-eight profit sharing enterprises, affecting 53,526 workpeople were in operation in Great Britain last year. The sanitation of the city of Ahmedabad, India, is so bad that the mortality is 70 per 1,000, with no epidemic to account for it. A white badger, which is almost as great a rarity as a white blackbird was killed recently by the Axe Vale (England) badger hounds. Signor Schiaparelli the Milan tronomer, has been elected an associate of the French academy of science in the room of the late Baron Nordenskiold. A Roman bowl of Samian make said to be 2,000 years old, has been brought up from the sea bottom of Beachy Head by a Brightlingsee oyster dredger. Maiden Bower, a pre-Roman earthwork, near Dunstable, England, is in danger of being destroyed by the extension of a chalk quarry, which has already been worked to within a few yards of the ancient rampart. The Pasteur institute for the treatment of persons bitten by rabid animals in Calcutta is rapidly gaining in popularity among the natives. In the eight months ended May 31 last, 352 persons were treated, and the mortality was only eight per cent. Sericulture, the raising of milk worms, does not appear to increase in France. The official returns for last year show that 132,634 persons were engaged in the industry, as compared with 136,214 in 1900. In 1897 the number was 133,252. The yield of coccoons varies with the seasons. In the last five years it has ranged from 6,898,033 to 9,180,404 kilos. BOER TONGUE TROUBLES Language Difficulties That Became the People Who Start Up New Colonies, There is no question in South Africa of suppression of the language of the people. The language of the Boer people of South Africa is a patois called Taal, based on the seventeenth century Holland Dutch, with a mixture of many strange words, Kaffir and English, and with the omission of most grammatical inflections. In that happy tongue you are permitted to say "I is." It is needless to say there is no literature in this patois, as there is in Hollander Dutch of this century. The official recognition of Hollander Dutch dates from 1883 in the Cape Colony, and is a result of a political propaganda of the Afrikaner Bund, says the Pall Mall Gazette. It was openly announced and hailed as the "thin end of the wedge" to prevent the fusion of the Boer and British strains of the European people, and to drive the British into the sea. The veld Boer does not understand Hollander Dutch; he dislikes the Hollander outlander only a degree less than the British outlander, or than the French, Italian, German or any other outlander. He only hears the Hollander tongue, or, rather, the seventeenth-century predecessor of it, in the text from the seventeenth-century Dutch Bible read out in the churches on Sundays by the predikent, or in the hymns chanted by his fathers of the low lands, who worsted Alva, prosecutor of the saints of the Lord. A very minute proportion of the Boers have any business to transact in the law courts or public offices, unless such as are fully acquainted with English. For a generation before Majuba hill the Boers, desiring to give their children a fair start in their business dealings with the business people of the towns, had their children taught English. The English governess was an institution among Boers of any position. At the present moment there are none of the Boer leaders who cannot speak English; there are many, of course, who will not. After so many years of active political propaganda of the Hollander Dutch language, in the year before the war in Pretoria there were only five per cent. of the cases in the law courts between non-English-speaking people. All business transactions were conducted in English; sales and mortgages of farms, sales of mining options, dealings in stocks and shares, purchases in shops of imported goods, sales in the market squares of agricultural produce. Every Boer professional man, every Boer politician, had, as a necessity of life, to be acquainted with English. Prime for Upright Girl From Germany comes a story of novelty and charity. In the town of Haschmann prizes are offered yearly for men who will marry the ugliest or most crippled women and also women over 40 who have been jilted as least twice. The money for the prizes was left by a rich financier, who provided that out of the funds an income of not less than $80 should go to the ugliest girl and $60 to a cripple.—London News. Betting on the results of the recent municipal elections at Rome was permitted by the government. The profits were devoted to charitable purposes. N. Y. Sun. Blanche—Did you part owing to misunderstanding? Rose—Goodness me, no! We understood each other too well—London Tit-Bits. MADE THE FIRST REVOLVER. Joseph Shick Was the Inventor of This Modern Handy Weapon of Destruction. The majority of people can scarcely remember the time when there was no revolver, yet the fact is that it is a modern weapon and in its form of real efficiency is less than half a century old, says an eastern exchange. It was the invention of Joseph Shirk, a citizen of Lancaster county, Pennsylvania, a county which also boasts of Robert Fulton, who, if not the inventor of the steamboat, was certainly the man who introduced the art of steam navigation successfully and is largely to be credited with the wonderful results which have followed and its revolutionary effects on commerce and civilization. Before the civil war there were the old-fashioned pepper-boxes, which were dangerous to the user; then came the "navy," which had to be loaded like a musket, each barrel requiring separate attention, and usually being ineffective except at point-blank range. Then followed the present weapon of destruction, which is much more effective than the muskets of our fathers. Out of the revolver was evolved the repeating rifle of to-day, which has so far changed the whole tactics and strategy of war that Jean De Bloch felt that a great war could never again take place. Had he lived to see the end of the late war in South Africa he would have been confirmed in his views. "People generally think turkeys have the least sense of all the domestic fowls," said Frank Wilkinson, a Virginia farmer, the other day, relates the Washington Star, "but I've got some that seem to have more gray matter than a great many human beings I know. "One night a short time ago my wife and I and some visitors were out driving in the evening. As I was putting up the horses after returning home I noticed my turkeys were not roosting as usual in the big buttonwood tree by the barn. Instead they were perched on the fence posts and in the limbs of other trees. "It struck me as mighty funny, as turkeys on the place had roosted in that tree ever since I could remember. I mentioned it to my wife when I went in the house, and she said she had noticed it when we drove in and thought it peculiar. "That night about midnight a hard wind and rainstorm came up and the old buttonwood blew down. Now, how did those turkeys know that tree was doomed? At sundown there was no sign of a storm, and the buttonwood was fully 50 years old and apparently as stanch as ever. I tell you, I've had great respect for the judgment of turkeys since then." SOCIAL WASP-AND HER PREY. The wasp does not sting her prey. Her habit is to seize the squirming enterpillar in her fore legs, pass it back several times between her mandibles until it is quite limp and dead, and then to roll it deftly into a ball and hold it between the fore legs while the files to the nest. There the operation is continued three or four minutes longer until the malaxation is complete, says Popular Science Monthly. In distributing the food the mass is held firmly against the ventral side of the thorax by means of the femora of the first pair of legs and a bit partly pinched off with the mandibles. Next, the wasp inserts her head into its cell, lightly touches the larvae with her antennae, causing it to stir and open its mouth, and then pushes the tail of food into the mouth with the central joints of the fore legs. With the remainder the wasp now passes to another cell, and the process is repeated until the ball of food is used up. A singular iron meteorite. The University of Wisconsin has come into possession of a unique piece of meteorite iron. The date of its fall not known, but it was plowed up near Ogona, Winn., in 1887, and until last march remained in the hands of the former who discovered it. It is shaped like a shield, ten inches long by six head, and an inch thick in the center. The convex surface is smooth, while the concave side is rough and enriched with oxide. It is believed that it moved broadside through the air, the convex surface in front. On this surface are strongly marked lines, resulting from a nearly flat elliptical rose in the center. The lines deepen so they approach the periphery. Political Superiors of Women. The immigration statistics say that during the past year, of the adults landed in New York 62 per cent. of the Syrians, 55 per cent. of the Italians, 31 per cent. of the Poles, and 21 per cent. of the Greeks could neither and nor write. It is inspiring, writes Husted Harper, for American women to contemplate that in five years, or more, the vast majority of these, being men, will be casting their ballots for every official and every public motion that go before the electorate, while educated, taxpaying, native women are absolutely barred from voice or vote. But, then, of course, features us a much wiser and better government to have the steerage vote. London Street Troughs. London is introducing water rights for thirsty horses, at which water can be run off by touching button and fresh water run in. 1910 PETER KIOLBASSA DEMOCRATIC CANDIDATE FOR TREASURER OF COOK COUNTY. BARNEY Lately the newspapers which are bitterly opposed to the candidacy of Peter Kiolbassa for Treasurer of Cook County, not because he does not possess the necessary qualifications to perform the duties of that office, but for personal and other reasons they have been attacking him for the sole object of making it appear that Mr. Kiolbassa is non-entity in business affairs and in everything else of a public nature which concerns the people of Chicago. In this the short-sighted newspapers and Mr. Kiolbassa's political opponents are mistaken for he has resided in the state of Illinois since 1861, and shortly after taking up his residence in this state, he enlisted as a volunteer in Company D., of the Sixteenth Illinois Cavalry. He served in that organization in many capacities until November, 1864. Then he became Captain of Company E., Sixth U. S. Colored Cavalry, and for two years he served the United States with its Colored troops, who learned to esteem him very highly for his many good and generous traits. In 1866 Mr. Kiolbassa's regiment was mustered out of service and there are many colored men in Chicago and in other sections c. the country who fought and served with him in the war, and he is one of those broad-minded men who never tires in speaking of the gallantry, bravery and fighting qualities of the Negro soldiers. After being mustered out of the army Mr. Kiolbassa returned to Chicago and engaged in the mercantile business and in time he became connected with the police department and he was promoted from time to time until he was appointed secretary to the Chief of Police, Elmer Washburne. Mr. Kiolbassa was elected to the HONORABLE JOSEPH E. FLANA OF THE BOARD OF CO County Commissioner Joseph E. Flanagan, president of the Flanagan & Bledenweg High Art Glass Manufacturing company, 63 Illinois st., was nominated and elected as a member of the County Commissioners in 1900, and so far he has come up to the highest expectations of his friends. For Mr. Flanagan is not only one of the best members on the board, and his vote is always on the side of the people, ```markdown ``` state legislature in 1877, and he performed efficient service for the state until 1879. In 1891 he was elected treasurer of the city of Chicago and after all that is said and done by the blatterskite, John M. Harlan, against Peter Kiolbassa he was the first city treasurer of Chicago to turn over to the people the accumulated interest on its funds. For two years he managed or conducted the affairs of that office. Victor Lawson and others who want to make Harlan mayor of Chicago to the contrary notwithstanding. For two years Mr. Kiolbassa represented the sixteenth ward in the city council and when his term expired in 1898 no one could point their finger of scorn or suspicion at him and accuse him of attempting to freeze on to "easy money," or of mixing up in any unsavory deals or transactions, and above all things he can be pronounced an honest man. The Democratic party of Cook County in 1900 selected Mr. Kiolbassa to make the race for member of the Board of Assessors and the returns show that he is very popular with the people, notwithstanding the fact that many criticisms have been passed on him since he became Building Commissioner and we believe that if any portion of the Democratic ticket is successful at the polls on November the 4th that Peter Kiolbassa will be one of the successful candidates; that as County Treasurer he will continue to serve the people honestly and faithfully. Abolish the fee or rake-off system which is now in vogue in the office, turn over the interest to the people perform the duties pertaining to the office for a stipulated sum or salary and conduct all its affairs in the interest of the tax payers. GAN RENOMINATED FOR MEMBER COUNTY COMMISSIONERS. and the jobbers and schemers are unable to use him as an instrument to loot the tax payers out of their money. Commissioner Flanagan believes in conducting the affairs of Cook County on purely business principles, the same as he conducts or runs his own business therefore if the people are able to appreciate a good, faithful, honest public servant they will not fall to elect Joseph H. Flanagan com- missioner. JOHN L. PICKERING CANDIDATE FOR CLERK OF SUPREME COURT. John L. Pickering, Democratic nominee for clerk of the supreme court, is a man of the people who has won success with no other tools than his own strong hands and clear brain. There is no keener student of public affairs, no one better posted, in all Illinois, and he has probably a wider personal acquaintance than any other man in the state. Mr. Pickering was born on a farm in Cumberland county of Virginia Stock. His father died in 1865 and when, four years later, the family moved to Arcola, he had to lend a hand at helping to the family exchequer. He chose to learn the printer's trade, attending the public schools in spare time. In 1877 Mr. Pickering struck out for himself and settled in Peoria. He set type in Colonel W. T. Dowdall's Daily National Democratic office and at the same time attended the Peoria High school. Mr. Pickering removed to Springfield in 1863 and then commenced his first work as a political correspondent by reporting the session of the Illinois legislature that year. Since then he has been continuously connected with various Chicago newspapers and the St. Louis Republic as a traveling [Picture of a man] John L. Pickering the next clerk of the Supreme Court of Illinois. correspondent, traversed the state from end to end in every campaign year. Probably nobody in Illinois has such an intimate acquaintance with political conditions by counties, cities and townships. Mr. Pickering established the Evening Telegram at Springfield in 1893, made it the best evening newspaper ever printed in that city and two years later sold it at a profit. He is a member of the First Presbyterian church of Springfield, is a Knight Templar and Red Man, and is on the honorary membership list of the Springfield Typographical Union. Mr. Pickering married in 1883 Miss Etta Rountree, of Nashville, Ill., and they have four children. DAMAGED BY SEA WATER. Steel Rails Successb Ragidly to Gurrosion in the Tropics Near the Sea. Mr. Bricks, one of the engineers in charge of the railroads owned by the French government, recently read a paper in which he said that sea water, particularly in tropical countries, has a very destructive influence on steel rails. A few weeks ago the same observation was made by Mr. Delprat, the engineer in charge of the Dutch railroad in Sumatra. This gentleman says that the short railroad at Port Emma, on the coast of Sumatra, which has been in operation for ten years, and which occupies a position only a little above mean high tide, has been greatly damaged by sea water, the rails having been largely eaten away by rust. The rails on one of the shorter branches of this road, which runs over a breakwater, have been diminished in weight by about two and a half pounds for every three and a half feet of the length of the rails. He says that every year these rails are losing about four per cent. of the weight of new rails. The width of the rail surface has been diminished about one inch. OLD-FASHIONED SURF BATH. It is not so many years ago when surf bathing of a very primitive kind prevailed at the eastern end of Long Island and, for aught I know, at other points, says a writer in Outing. Every Saturday morning or afternoon as the tide willed, throughout the summer, big farm wagons trundled down to the beach and were swung around abreast of the line of breakers. Old fish houses served the purpose of modern bathing pavilions, and the sea costumes were those of last year's village street. A long rope was drawn from under the seats and hitched to the wheel, and then some sturdy exwhaler or life crew man, in red flannel shirt and old trousers tied at the ankles, slipped his wrist through the loop at the end of this primitive life line, and, wading out, kept it as taut as circumstances permitted, while the women and children hung to it and revelled and wallowed and shraked, resolving in their "saturday tuh." Bernard J. ROLLIN B. ORGAN THE NEXT PRESIDENT OF THE BOARD OF COMMISSIONERS OF COCK COUNTY. Rollin B. Organ, who has served as one of the commissioners for the past two years needs no recommendation from anyonee whatsoever. For over twenty years he has been one of the active and wide awake business men of Chicago. There is no person in any of the wakls of life who has a larger circle of warm friends or a more extensive acquaintance that Rollin B. Organ. During his business career in this city he has been greatly interested in the welfare of the Afro-American race. He has succeeded in securing employ ment for more than three hundred colored men within the past few years. He is ever ready to aid them in every [Image of a man with a mustache and a suit] DR. NICHOLAS R. ENGELS DE COUNTY CO DR. NICHOLAS R. ENGELS DEMOCRATIC CANDIDATE FOR COUNTY COMMISSIONER. As the day of election draws near, it is a foregone conclusion that Doctor Nicholas R. Engels will be elected one of the commissioners of Cook County, and he is amply able to serve the people in that direction. For he is a clean or clear cut business man, as well as a doctor of medicine, and his services on the board will be indispensible to the people or the tax payers. --- [Name] William H. Weber, the Painstaking s Cook County and the themselves by William H. Weber, the Painstaking secretary of the Board of Assessors Cook County and the people al ways greatly honor themselves by voting for honest men like him. way. Since he has been serving as commissioner he has been the true friend of the race on the board, and it is needless to say that his willingness to serve them and his gentlemanly conduct in dealing with them will cause a whole army of Afro-American voters to assist Mr. Organ in his candidacy and election as president of the new board of commissioners. Commissioner Organ is an honored member of the Grand Army of the Republic, and being the only old soldier on either ticket, should cause the veterans of '61 to turn out to the polls next Tuesday and give him a rousing vote. For as sure as fate he will be elected president of the county board. MO CRATIC CANDIDATE FOR COMMISSIONER. He believes in equal rights for all, special privileges for none; municipal home rule, the initiative and referendum, direct nomination, public ownership of public utilities, real civil service in state and county offices, honest assessment and equal taxation. This is a good platform and it will elect Doctor Engels Commissioner of Cook County. --- secretary of the Board of Assessors of people al ways greatly honor voting for honest men like him. First district—Martin Emerioh. Second—Frank Brust. Third—Dan Morgan Smith, Jr. Forth—George P. Foster. Fifth—James McAndrews. Sixth—Allan C. Durborrow. Seventh—John M. Hess. Eight—William F. Mahony. Ninth—Lockwood Honore. STATE SENATORS. First district—William C. Assay. Third—Michael E. Maher. Fifth—Edward T. Wade. Ninth—Edward J. Rainey. Eleventh—Murray E. Pearson. Thirteenth—William R. Bowes. Fifteenth—Cyril R. Jandus. Seventeenth—John Powers. Nineteenth—M. J. Stanton. Twenty-first—Andrew O'Connell. Twenty-third—Ross C. Hall. Twenty-fifth—Fred McCleneghan. Twenty-seventh—Stanley H. Kuns. Twenty-ninth—Geo. J. Thompson. Thirty-first—Martin Delaney. John J. Bell Jr., the colored Croker of New York, claims 7,000 Negro votes for Coler in New York City. When he appears at the Hoffman House headquarters he is accompanied by his private secretary. Under Tammany Hall and Van Wyck, Bell says, the colored Democrats had $100,000 worth of patronage, while under the Low administration they have a porter in the mayor's office and a detective in the district attorney's office, both places being worth $2,000 a year. The Chicago (Illinois) Broad Ax informs us that Bro, Jeff Thomas, once pastor of Chicago's leading Negro Baptist church, has been removed as shepherd from said flock. If this is true, Jule Taylor has won a great victory, regardless of what those may say who do not agree with him.—The Tribune-Press, Pueblo, Colo, Mr. Tribune-Press, it is true that Rev. Jasper F. Thomas has been kicked out of Olivet Baptist church, and within a few days Rev. E. J. Fisher, of Nashville, Tenn., will be installed as its new pastor, and after a long and bitter fight The Broad Ax succeeded in convincing the people that Rev. Jasper F. Thomas had been for years engaged in film-flamming those who belonged to Olivet Baptist church. James H. Moody, editor of the Junior Church organ, known as "The Monitor," some way or other mixed up with Miss Elizabeth Robertson, who it appears was one of his several lady lovers. The fracas occured Monday evening near 29th and State streets, and in the tussel and fight it seems that either Mr. Moody or Miss Robertson had a revolver and when the smoke cleared away Miss Robertson was wounded in the arm. She was taken to the Provident Hospital and the doctors claim that she will recover from the effect of the shot. When the police officers attempted to arrest Mr. Moody he fought like a mad demon and a large crowd joined in to assist him in beating back the policemen. But after much delay the police succeeding in landing him, and now he is out on bonds pending the trial. FOOT BALL! FOOT BALL! Evanston vs. Chicago. Sunday, Nov. 2, 1902, at 79th street and Wentworth avenue, Chicago. This is the team from Evanston that won the championship cup in 1901. Game called at 2:30. Admission 25c. Don't fall to see the final game of the series on Thanksgiving Day. Chas. L. Webb, Pres. Evanston Athletic Association. James Hale Porter, Pres. of Chicago Athletic Association. The intelligence of the colored vot- FRIENDLY ADVICE FREE; From on and after this date all Afro Americans, who are confined in the Cook County jail, and the other penal institutions of this county, who have seen tricked or defrauded out of their money by scheming and unscrupulous white and black lawyers or alleged lawyers under the pretense of signing their bonds or securing their release or freedom are requested to communicate with Julius F. Taylor, editor of The Broad Ax, 5040 Armour av, City. AGENTS FOR THE BROAD AX. From on and after this date The Broad Ax can be found on sale at the following places: William Goetz, dealer in cigars and tobacco, 411 E. 36th street. A. G. Marshall, newstand and book store, 3604 State street. E. H. Faulkner, dealer in cigars and tobacco, 3104 State street. A. F. Tervalon's Cigar Store and