The Broad Ax

Attorney Walter M. Farmer, Writes an Open Letter To Hon. Martin J. Isaacs. Who is Master-In-Chancery for Judge Joseph Sabath of the Superior Court of Cook County, Deploring the Fact that Mr. Isaacs Has Joined Hands With the Rabid and Race Prejudice Element Composing The Grand Boulevard Branch of The Kenwood and Hyde Park Property Owners' Associations THE HOME OF THE APPOMATTOX CLUB, 3632 GRAND BOULEVARD, BOMBED EARLY ON TUESDAY MORNING. THE HOME OF JESSE BINGA, THE BANKER, 5022 SOUTH PARK AVENUE; FOR THE FOURTH TIME, BOMBED LATE SATURDAY EVENING. THE HIGHBINDERS OF WOODLAWN HAVE FORMED AN ASSOCIATION TO BAR ALL COLORED PEOPLE FROM BUYING PROPERTY OR RESIDING IN THAT DISTRICT. GEORGE MAYER, WHO IS EMPLOYED IN THE COUNTY TREASURER'S OFFICE AND DRAWS PART OF HIS SALARY FROM THE MONEY PAID IN BY COLORED PEOPLE FOR TAXES, WAS THE PRIME MOVER IN ASSISTING THE WOODLAWNITES TO ORGANIZE THEIR ANTI-NEGRO ASSOCIATION. ALD. WLLIAM R. O'TOOLE OF THE THIRTIETH WARD LOCKS HORNS WITH THE MUNICIPAL VOTERS' LEAGUE, SUING IT FOR $100,000, FOR DEFAMATION OF CHARACTER. The following open letter to the forced to conclude from the tenure Hon. Martin J. Isaacs, speaks for it of the articles in this paper that the object of your organization is to do Chicago, Ill., Feb. 11, 1920. Mr. Martin J. I. Isaacs, Master in Chancery, Superior Coat, 614 Home Insurance Bldg, Chicago, Illinois. Dear Sir: My deep interest in the welfare of my race, as well as my devotion to the spirit of good will, to law and order, that should prevail in our community, prompts me to write you this letter. A copy of the Property Owners' Journal, published by the Grand Boulevard District of Kenwood and Hyde Park Property Owners' Associations has fallen into my hands. In looking over its pages, I find your name among the members of the general committee. My attention was attracted by these startling headlines, "Why Should White Men Employ Their Enemies?" This article starts out as follows: "As stated before, every colored man who moves into Hyde Park, knows he is damaging his white neighbor's property, therefore he is making war on the white man." Had such startling and unreasonable assertion been made by an organization of anarchists or persons opposed to law and order, and "bent upon mischief," my astonishment would not have been so great, but coming from an organization composed of business men, property owners, lawyers and doctors who are supposed to represent the best in thought and impulse that make for civic righteousness, I am forced to conclude that "mischief, thou art afoot." I am sure that you will agree with me when I tell you this statement is not only vicious and false, but that it is not easy to conceive of any fair-minded white person entertaining such views. proposition set forth in article to which I call your attention is so unfair, unreasonable and untrue that I am sure you do not give your assent to it. Can you conceive of any colored man, who, through thrift and economy has saved enough to buy himself a home, deliberately resolving to buy in a certain neighborhood for the purpose of depreciating the value of property in that neighborhood? You should know that the same sentiments that actuate a white man in purchasing a home or supplying himself with suitable housing quarters, actuate every colored man, who, by many endeavor or force of circumstances seeks his housing conditions, either by purchase or-rent. These startling assertions made in this paper are calculated to engender race antipathy and hatred; to array whites against blacks and to inculcate a feeling against my people that is not warranted by facts or circumstances and is vicious in its tendencies. For more than fifty years the colored people and white people of Chicago have dwelt together in terms of peace and mutual friendship. One is THE BROAD AX forced to conclude from the tenure of the articles in this paper that the object of your organization is to destroy this kindly feeling so long existing between the two races. Many of us have been property owners in this neighborhood for years. The writer purchased a home in this neighborhood in 1905. Many others owned property there prior to this date. They are honest, law-abiding citizens and manifest a keen and just pride in their homes and in every movement tending to the betterment of conditions of their neighborhood. And yet your paper asserts that these people are enemies to the white race, and purchased their homes with a well defined intention of injuring their white neighbor. Let me quote from your own paper, "Let us not for a moment think that these vicious blacks do not know what they are doing. They know full well, and what is more, they are doing it purposefully, according to a fully arranged plan." It is very strange indeed, that you and your associates do not realize that there has never been an invasion of Negroes into this neighborhood, as you contend, or into any neighborhood for that matter. No Negro has ever moved into Kenwood or Hyde Park either, as owner or renter, unless he was invited to become an owner or renter by some white person who owned the property and who desired to rent or sell it. We are sought as customers because we can be forced to pay more for run down property, either as renters or purchasers than the whites will pay. And yet we are told that we do repurchase values. Are we to be condemned because we are thrifty, frugal and ambitious to better our housing conditions? These qualities are ordinarily encouraged in every individual or group of persons by every fair minded progressive citizen. Why should the colored man be an exception to this rule? Your organization is deliberately attempting to embitter the white man toward the Negro and make one believe that the other is his enemy. It is not only bad policy, but dangerous practice to array one race against another. It is not only a reprehensible propaganda on the part of your organization, but one that should be condemned by every well thinking, self-respecting man and woman in our community. Our city has been disgrace by an awful race riot. The people of my race deplore it. We trust it will never occur again. Pride in our city has caused us to feel ashamed that such lawless outbreak could be possible. The best white men, as well as the best colored men did all they could to put down this unfortunate occurrence and are now doing whatever they can to prevent a recurrence of such an outbreak. Your organization is the only one, that I know, that seems bent on bringing about a clash between the races; can you, Sir, as a lawyer, and a master in chancery, M. Member of the city council from the Sixth Ward, who will be elected to that body without the slightest opposition and who would make a splendid candidate for judge of the Municipal Court or judge of the Circuit Court of Cook County. afford to encourage such unworthy purposes? Your position is equivalent to that of a judge. Can you expect any colored man to feel that you will be fair and just to him in the weighing of his rights and the adjusting of his interest should he come before you? From what I know of you, and what I have heard of you, I do not think that you are actuated by any such feeling. I need hardly call your attention to the fact that your race has been the victim of as unfair a propaganda as my race is being subjected to by your organization. The horrible persecution and discrimination to which they are being subjected in European countries is shocking to the sense of Justice of any fair minded man or woman. We all condemn such treatment, and hope the day will come, when the Brotherhood of Man and the Fatherhood of God is recognized the world over. I am therefore asking you to join us and other wel-disposed citizens in taking steps to counteract this pernicious influence so insidiously attempted by this publication. If there is any problem to be solved; if there are any race adjustments to be made, their solution and adjustment lay only in the exercise of justice and good will toward our people. Again, expressing my faith in your sense of fairness and justice, I am Very truly yours, WALTER M. FARMER, 4753 Champlain Ave. * * * Ever since it was announced in the columns of the public press that the Appomattox Club, through its President, Hon. S. A. T. Watkins had entered into a deal to buy the beautiful home of the lake W. D. O'Brien, 3632 Grand boulevard, many of the high officials and the rabble composing the membership of the Grand Boulevard branch of the Kenwood and Hyde Park Property Owners' Associations, have turned over heaven and hades in an effort to block the deal and to prevent the property from falling into the hands of the colored people, although it is far north of 39th street the new dead line which has been set for the colored people by those law defying Negro having blur eyed and empty headed enemies to society law and order who labored under the impression that it would be a big feather in their capes" the old Chicago Tribune would be able to head line the fact that the members of the Grand Boulevard branch of the Kenwood and Hyde Park Property Owners' Associations had threw an effective stumbling block in the pathway of the members of the Appomattox Club and had succeeded in preventing them from closing the deal for their new home. Utterly failing in their attempt in that direction then some one connected with the Kenwood and Hyde Park Property Owners' Associations, some way or other conceived the idea that the last thing to do would be to toss a bomb at the house, but that cowardly, fliendish or dibical act will not frighten anyone connected with the Appomattox Club in the slightest degree and within a short time it will move into its new home and some of its members who fought on the battlefields of France will be good and ready for the bombers. For the fourth time an unsuccessful attempt was made to bomb the elegant home of Mr. Jesse Binga, the banker, 5922 South Park avenue. If we occupied the same position in the world like unto Mr. Binga we would march right into the City Hall and request Mayor William Hale Thompson to grant us permission to employ two or four watchmen armed to the teeth and keep them on the lookout all the time, day and night and instruct them to blaze away at the very first hull hound who attempted to toss any bombs around our quarters for every man's home is his castle, be it ever so humble and he must manfully defend it, his wife and his children at any cost. Some of the rattle brained highbinders of Woodlawn have caught the Anti-Negro fever from the same hydra headed monsters residing in Kenwood and Hyde Park and this week they met in Holy Cross Hall, Marquette Rd. and Mary Avenue, with the aid of Col. George Mayer who is one of the shining lights of the Kenwood and Hyde Park Property Owners' Associations, an anti-Negro organization was perfected and in the future it will en- deavor to prevent all colored people from residing in Woodlayn. Col. George Mayer who wanted the colored people to vote for him for congressman as against Hon. Martin B. Madden in 1918, is employed in the County Treasurer's office and a strong delegation of colored men and women should call on Hon. Harry R. Gibbons and register a strong protest against permitting Col. Mayer to further hold any position in that office for the colored people pay in hundreds and hundreds of thousands of dollars in taxes each year into that office and some of their money is used to pay Col. Mayer his salary and he is spending his time in a mad effort to brand highly respectable and law abiding colored men and women as aliens and/criminals in a strange land. For many years past, the Municipal Voters' League, have been branding all aldermen, which they could not control, or who would not do their bidding; as "gray wolves or grafters," who were ever ready to sell out or vote away, the best interest of the city, for any sum of money. The League has spent thousands of dollars in the past, in a vain effort, to forever brand the late Alderman, Edward F. Cullerton, as the boss or the leading "gray wolf of the City Council and a few days ago, it become known since the death of Alderman Cullerton; that he left an estate valued at one thousand dollars, which is mere pocket change, for some of the rich millionaires, controlling the Municipal Voters' League. Recently, the League placed the mark of Cain or Abel; upon Alderman William R. O'Toole, the League claiming; that Alderman O'Toole, had developed into one, of the leading and most prominent spoilman, in the City Council; that with his vote, he was ever ready to pick up a little easy money and so on and Alderman O'Toole, in order to prove that he is not in the grafting business; this week brought suit against the head officials of the Municipal Voters' League for one hundred thousand dollars for defamation of character. ALDERMAN MAURICE F. KAVANAGH, NON-PARTISAN CANDIDTE FOR RE-ELECTION TO THE CITY COUNCIL FROM THE EIGHTEENTH WARD. HE IS THE BUSINESS MEN'S CANDIDATE; BOTH MEN AND WOMEN, CAN VOTE FOR HIM ELECTION TUESDAY, FEBRUARY 24. THE MAJORITY OF THE COLORED VOTERS IN THAT WARD ARE FAST RALLYING TO HIS SUPPORT AND WILL ASSIST TO PUT HIM OVER THE PLATE ON THE DATE MENTIONED ABOVE. In 1918 or two years ago Alderman Kavanagh was elected to the City Council from the 18th Ward, after a very bitter and long drawn out fight and being a new man in the Council many of its older heads or members looked upon him as a greenborn and they were inclined to pass him up for a while but in two short years Alderman Kavanagh has easily proven himself to be one of the best and most valuable members of the City Council, he is a member of the following committees: Harbors, Warves, Bridges, Buildings and City Hall, Public Health and Track Elevation. Alderman Kavanagh is never too busy to give the proper consideration to all those who approach him while in the discharge of his official duties around the City Council rooms and the City Hall. Alderman Kavanagh has resided in the 18th Ward for more than 30 years and for over 12 years he has been successfully engaged in the restaurant business and he knows the ROSCOE SIMMONS AND THE WEST. If the reports of the $^{18}$tet and far West are true about the “wonderful success” of the attempted lectures with their “necessary trimmings” which followed close after or came before or during this school boy eloquence and academic prattle, both the West and the far West care little for Roscoe Conkling Simmons. Colorado, and Denver particularly, know “how he attempted to be herc” but failed. Neither the President and Robert R. Church, chairman of the executive committee of the Lincoln League, knew exactly where one Roscoe could be found when thousands of black and white citizens were waiting for his bunches of historic declamations and battlefield rhetoric as it came sizzling from the bloody field of battle which he personally observed when he was in Paris, France. He now comes to lead the Children of Israel out of the land of bondage, to what place, the Star asks? The West must speak out this time as never before. Conferences may come and conferences may go, but it takes votes in the several states, in the West especially, to effect Presidents and Senators? Would you have a serpent to sting twice? What is the history of Roscoe Simmons? What has he actually ever done beneficial for the race? Who knew of him five years ago? Upon what meat has Roscoe fed that he now waxes so fat? Was he ever a delegate to the National Convention from Alabama? Has he ever voted in Alabama or anywhere else? If he has not, what right or business has he to tell us or lead us to the polls to do something he did not do in Alabama? Upon what can you base his great reputation? On a few gestures and witty sayings and platitudes? Analyze the man, his actions, his history, and if you can call him a great national character because of his “hackneyed achievements,” then we will bow to the secret conferences in Washington and let the big steal go on unprotested. There is no way that Roscoe can be fixed up so that the Star can swallow him. The Star cannot and will not condemn Roscoe the Dispap wants and the needs of all the people residing in his ward and he has the reputation of working hard all the time in order to keep the streets and alleys clean for all of his constituents. The Municipal Voters' League recently said in reviewing the candidates for alderman: "Mr. Kavanagh is finishing his first term with a good record." He stands for HOME RULE in Chicago and for Municipal Ownership of all public utilities. Alderman Kavanagh stands ace high with the colored people residing in his ward, in the past he has secured good paying positions for five or six colored men who are occupying those same positions and at all times he has been ready to do anything or favor that he possibly can do for the colored people residing in his ward and without any question about it hundreds of both colored men and women will with their vote assist to re-elect him to the City Council Tuesday, February 24. pointer before the campaign, and now call him a great man because someone or he, himself, appointed himself president of a band of Negroes.-The Star, Denver, Colo., Feb. 7, 1920. To the above we say Amen! Amen! -Editor. WHITE PROFESSOR WRITES BOOK—"VOICE OF THE NEGRO." New York. $ ^{h} $Voice of the Negro," by Prof. Robert T. Kerlin, white, Professor of English in the Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Va., is the name of a new book in the hands of the publishers. It will come from the press in a short time and will be unique in contents. The book is designed particularly to be circulated among the white people of the United States and is made up completely from newspaper stories, special newspaper contributions, editorials and cartoons from seventy or more Race newspapers and magazines throughout the country. The selection covers the period beginning with the Washington riot, up to the close of the year 1919, and is complete in every detail. It is calculated to have a tremendous effect in creating a better understanding of the Negro's problem of adjustment. It is a pleasure to state that Prof. Kerlin is a regular subscriber to this paper.—Editor. Capt. Nicholas Hunt, the high or the head chief of the Shippy-Hunt International Detective Agency, with headquarters on the thirteenth floor of the City Hall Square Building, has been working day and night lately in order to keep abreast with the terrible and constant rush of business which has been constantly pouring into his office. Rev. A. J. Carey, the head or the leading candidate for Bishop in this section of the country; Rev. H. E. Stewart, pastor of Quinn Chapel, and Mr. James A. Easton, are among those attending the A. M. E. Bishop Council, which was held at Baltimore. Md. the past week. THE BROAD AX In this city since July 15th, 1809 without missing one single issue. Republicans, Democrats, Catholics, Protestants, Single Taxen, Priests, infidels or anyone else can have their say as long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in advance. One Year ..... $2.00 Six Months ..... $1.00 Advertising rates made known on application. Address all communications to THE BROAD AX 6206 So. Elizabeth St., Chicago, Ill. Phone Wentworth 2597 JULIUS F. TAYLOR Editor and Publisher DR. M. A. MAJORS Associate Editor 4700 South State Street Phone Drexel 1416 Vol. XXV. February 14, 1920. No. 21 Entered as Second-Class Matter, Aug. 19, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago. III., Under Act of March 3, 1879. THE NEGRO YEAR BOOK FOR 1918-1919. Monroe N. Work, Editor. The Negro Year Book for 1918- 1919, the fifth annual edition, has been enlarged and improved. There are over two hundred pages of new matter. The information contained in previous editions has been revised and brought down to date. One hundred and thirty pages are devoted to a review of the events of 1917-1918 as they affected the interests and showed the progress of the race. Among the important subjects comprehensively reviewed are: "The Negro's Economic Progress," "The Church and the Negro," "The Migration of the Negro," "The Negro and the Trade Unions," "The Financial Contributions of Negroes to Liberty Loans and War Work Activities," "The Problems Connected with the Use of the Negro as a Soldier in the World War," "The Negro as a Soldier in the World War," "The Negro in Politics," "Race Relations and Racial Co-operation," "Race Riots," "Lynchings," "The Race Problem in the United States, in the West Indies, in Africa." The Editor has made extended researches and has spared neither time nor pains to make this New Edition of the Negro Year Book in every way more comprehensive and authoritative than any of the previous editions. "It covers every phase of Negro activity in the United States, reviews progress in all lines, discusses grievances, outlines the economic conditions of the race, presents religious and social problems, educational statistics and political questions as they relate to the race. Price, postpaid, paper cover, 75 cents; board cover, $1.25. Address The Negro Year Book Company, Tuskegee Institute, Alabama. HON. WARREN B. DOUGLAS ENTERS THE RACE FOR COMMITTEEMAN OF THE SECOND WARD. The followers of the Deneen faction of the Republican party have at last decided to invade the second ward and wage a red hot fight against Mayor William Hale Thompson and his supporters. With that end in view, Hon. Warren B. Douglas has been selected to go to the mat with Hon. Edward H. Wright, for Ward Committeeman, and they will engage in' a wordy combat with each other', which is more than likely to drift into personalities and make the fur fly, from now until the close of the polls April 13. Rev. T. L. Scott, pastor, Grant Memorial Chapel, 46th and Evans avenue, has gone to Baltimore, Md., where he will attend the Bishops' Council. Rev. Scott was presented with a $8.00 kit bag on Monday evening by the pastors' aid. HOLDS INSTALLATION. Queen Victoria Household 5254 held its installation of officers Monday evening at Bailey's Hall, 3638 State street, at which time Mrs. Pearl Randolph, P. M. N. G., installed the officers, followed by a few instructions by inmates Lou Ella Young and Emma Decolander. --- 9 HON. WILLIAM SULZER. Former Governor of New York; for more than twenty years one of the warm friends of the editor of this paper, whose highly interesting article appears in this issue of the paper. WHAT IS BAHAISM? Several persons have asked me to tell them something about "Bahaism." I am glad to do so. Bahaism is a realization of the true relation of mankind to the Stellar Universe; the oneness of living things; the universality of all matter; and in the last analysis the Brotherhood of Man and the Fatherhood of God.$\textcircled{4}$ Bahaism is not novel, recent, or incomprehensible. It is not a new religion. It is as old as the Ethics of Asia, the religion of the Jews, and the philosophy of India. It began in the cradle of civilization. It is the hope of the dreamers of yesterday and today. It is the longing of the forward looking people of the new, for the better and the grander and the greater things of the morrow. In a word it is Truth—the eternal truth in all things. The dreams of the dreamers, the hopes of the hopeful, the ethics of the moralists, and the philosophies of the philosophers—throughout all the centuries, however, had a new birth in the Bahai movement, in Persia, in the year 1844. This reawakening for social justice, for freedom, and for spiritual reconstruction, centered about a radiant youth called Bab. Many writers have described the wonderful charm of this pure-hearted young man who was martyred for the Cause, in 1850, after six years of brilliant teaching. After the Bab's martyrdom Baha'o'lah, a Persian noble, took up the Cause of mankind and led forward the movement for the regeneration of the World. He announced the dawn of a new age, an era when peace, and brotherhood, and enlightenment shall cover the earth even as the waters cover the seas. His universal principles, however, were too vast for the limited minds of his contemporaries. In consequence he, and his little band of followers, were driven into exile by the reactionaries of his day, and at last, in 1868, Baha'o'lah was immured in the desolate prison of Acca, in Syria, where subsequently he died—another martyr to the Cause of Truth. [Image of a man with a long, curly beard and a mustache, wearing a dark suit and a bow tie. He is looking slightly to the right of the frame.] THE LATE IMMORTAL FREDERICK DOUGLASS. This coming week his one hundred and third birthday will be fittingly celebrated by the colored people throughout the United States. He was the star of hope of the colored race; he was the greatest diplomat and statesman that it has produced. It was largely through his labors that the shackles were stricken from the limbs of four million slaves. He was the steadfast friend and supporter of the illustrous Abraham Lincoln, whose achievements will ever remain fresh in the minds of his countrymen. But the persecutions of men cannot extinguish the light of truth when it shines from the hearts of its great prophets. From the Prison of Acca the Cause rapidly spread throughout western Asia. After the death of Baha'o'llah, his great son, Abdul Baha Abbas, put on the mantle of his father, and has since led the Cause onward until it is now known in all lands and to all climes. It is binding Jews an Christians, Hindus and Mohammedans, Buddhists and Parsees, Scientists and Confucians into the most wonderful spiritual brotherhood the world has ever seen. While sectarians squabble over creeds Bahaism goes on apace. It is growing by leaps and bounds. It is hope and progress. It is a world movement—and it is destined to spread its effulgent rays of enlightenment throughout the earth until every mind is free and every fear is banished. The friends of Bahaism believe they see the dawn of the new day—the better day—the day of Truth, of Justice, of Liberty, of Magnanimity, of Universal Peace, and of International Brotherhood—the day when one shall work for all, and all shall work for one. The ethics, the religion, and the philosophy of Bahaism can be summed up in the following ten terse fundamentals: 1. The oneness of God. 2. The oneness of Man. 3. The oneness of Truth. 4. The oneness of Justice. 5. The oneness of Freedom. 6. The oneness of Religion. 7. The oneness of Concord. 8. The oneness of Science. 9. The oneness of Language. 10. The oneness of Education. These principles are centuries old, and yet they will ever be new—for all the centuries to come. If you believe in them you are a Bahaist—whether you know it or not. Bahaim has no creed. It antagonizes no religion. It stands for the good in all religions—and there is good in all religions. Bahaim is the foe of fear, the enemy of ignorance, and the destroyer of superstition. It is the friend of freedom—freedom of man, freedom of thought, freedom of speech, and freedom of conscience. The great teachers of inmankind—the martyrs of the earth—have dreamed that a universal brotherhood based on Truth and Justice, on Unity and Freedom, on Fraternity and Equality, on revealed science and a common religion, would establish world concord and universal peace. Bahaism sees the essence of truth in its universal light. It realizes that the great need of the world today is good-will, truth, justice, liberty, fraternity, knowledge, friendship, and universal citizenship. It is based on the association and the solidarity of humanity. When we know each other better we will think better of each other. ers of more days session of re and indeered man's American. It was a great and Chairman National Expo spoke to the address of a splendid, document, and w ner as to a heart went is a man mighty in That the ideals of Bahaism can be realized suddenly is not expected, and is contrary to human experience, but this does not preclude the forward looking peoples of the earth from working, through these ideals, to prepare the world for this inevitable condition—the dawn of the millenium. We are now living in the last stages of feudalism, and though our feudal states are larger than formerly, and based on nationalism rather than clanism, nevertheless we still have the feudal mind. We are for the most part narrow and provincial in our thoughts, in our associations, and in our sympathies. It is hard to rise above our heredities and our environments. Through the agencies of Bahaism, nevertheless, the dreams of the philosophers will come true and the prejudices of the past shall be dissipated like the murky mists of doubt before the rising sun of universal truth. To be free we must rise above racial and religious, and national prejudices. These provincialisms are a survival of past things and archaic heredities. It may be instinctive—but it is antiquated. This racial and religious hatred assumes various phases as the different peoples come into competitive contact. We will get over it as we move along the lines of Bahaism—into the domain of unity, fraternity, and universality. The student of history knows that most racial, and religious, and national hatreds fade away when the peoples really come to know each other. The bitter enmity of the Irish and the English, of the red man and the white man, of the French and the Corsican, of the Jew and the Gentile, of the Arab and the Mongrel will disappear when they become citizens of the Republic of the World—under a special government where they share common rights, and common privileges, and common responsibilities. Bahaiism is the new dispensation. It means that the dream of the ages is coming true. Bahaiism is one of the best instrumentalities of the time to destroy the fears-and tears, the hatreds and superstitions, of the past. We should not condemn, or oppose, any honest effort to promote unity and justice, peace and harmony, education and fraternity along international lines. Humanity is rising to greater heights. The race of today is breaking the hateful shackles of yesterday. Tomorrow we shall stand above the clouds—and then, after long ages of toil, we shall be ourselves—our real selves—under the dome of the great blue—in the sunlight of the universal. It is significant that the thinking people, all over the world, are now rising up and demanding that all men shall be free! that wars shall be no more; that all men must be friends; and that the boundaries of the state shall be circumscribed only by the air we breathe and the sunshine of the Creator—which give to all life and opportunity. Great Gathering of the Leaders of the Colored Race in America. The Lincoln League, formed about a year ago in a gathering in which Roseoe Simmons, Bob Church, Walter Cohen, Perry Howard, Henry Lincoln Johnson were leading figures, held its first annual gathering in South Park Church of this city during the week. It had in its makeup, men of note from some 30 of the states that ranged from captains of industry and the men known on two continents down to precinct captains in the Second Ward. It was really a great gathering of very representative men and women. It was really about the biggest thing the colored people have pulled off for more than a generation. It was larger than the Business League even in its palmist Washington days, for it had most of its prominent figures, and then the political life of the colored race in America was heavily and largely represented. In the gathering one saw many of the great and the near-great, as Roseoe Simmons put it. There were gathered about in the vast auditorium, Maj. John B. Lyach, Walter Cohen, Henry Lincoln Johnson, Bill McDonald, W. E. Mollison, W. J. Latham Charlie, Banks, Thomas H. Harp of Memphis, J. A. Cobb, Mr. Cottrall, Filmmings, Harris, the latter being aldermen respectively of Cleveland and New York, not to mention Oscar De Priest, Ed Wright, Louis B. Anderson, Bob Jackson, W. E. King, C. B. Travis, Dr. Davis Harvey A. Watkins, Charlie Griffin, and a host of oth- ors of more or less note. The few days session was taken up by discussion of representation in convention and incidentally an stirring of the colored man's woes and grievances in America. On Wednesday night the was a great climax, when Gov. Lowden and Chairman W. H. Hays of the National Republican Committee both spoke to the assembled delegates. The address of Chairman Hays was really a splendid, well prepared American document. It showed careful preparation, and was delivered in such a manner as to indicate that the speaker's heart went with his words. Mr. Hays is a man of small stature, but of mighty intellect and apparently of great heart. He did not fatter nor canje the colored people as so many public men do. He gave in well chosen phrase, the ideas and ideals of the great organization which he heads. He was frequently interrupted by generous and timely applause. Roscoe Simmons described by some person present, as the greatest Jazz orator of the age, made many speeches some of them delightfully picturesque, and some in questionable taste, but all evidently very pleasing to the great audience. For example he said that God almighty was knocking on the Jim Crow car door, not so much because he was interested in getting the Negroes out of the Jim Crow car, as it was because He (the Almighty) was tired of riding in the Jim Crow car with the Negroes. It did not seem to shock the audience which seemed to take it for granted that God must be riding in the Jim Crow car because his colored people were there. Anyhow Simmons got by with it as he does with many raw stunts, because it is Simmons. He introduced Governor Lowden in both serious and flippant way. The Governor was greatly impressed, and confessed his delight in hearing for the first time the man of whom he had heard so much. Governor Lowden's address dealt with Linecoln and his ideals. It was well delivered and many people remarked that as an orator Governor Lowden takes first rank. He seemed thoroughly and deeply in earnest as he told of the great emancipator and the homage that the man of the world are constantly paying as they kneel in reverence before this American shrine. He did not hesitate to say that this tribute was not only to the greatest American, buti the greatest of the human race of all the ages. He counseled the colored people among his fellow citizens to take Lincoln's love for the law as their shining example of civic duty. He paid a great compliment to the great services to American arms rendered by colored soldiers in two great wars. He was given a tremendous ovation both in the beginning and close of the wonderfully eloquent address. On Thursday morning the League had Mayor Thompson's welcome and of course there were sufficient numbers of Chicago people present to make Big Bill's entry and reception a signal event. Roscoe Simmons introduced him as the greatest living American and the Mayor smiled as though he actually believed it, and the distinguished courtiers of his colored conferences on the platform wished for words of larger import than ever Roscoe had used in speaking of their chief. The Mayor was at his best. He has improved wonderfully within the past two years and the wonderful thing about him is that he seems to be in earnest about some of the things for which he has been announced as a demagogue. Like Cato of old, who began and ended every speech, Carthage delenda est, he made the traction company the burden of his song after he got outside of the constitution which he unfolded and read in measure and told his hearers how they should reverence and venerate it. He was interrupted so frequently by applause that it took him quite a while to deliver his address. But it was really worth hearing. Maj. Gen. Wood came in while "Your Mayor" was speaking and received quite an ovation in which the Mayor appeared to join. When the time came for the General to speak, the audience appluded lustily, and it must have delighted him extremely for he spoke charmingly and well. He has none of the arts of the orator, but his words strike like bullets. His sentences are epigramatic, and his enforcement of the law and the giving of equal rights to all the citizens of America carried such ring of carelessness and truth that there was but little room for anything but the most generous hand clapping. He had to hurry away to catch a train, but he left a most excellent impression on all who heard him. It was remarked after the General had gone that in all human probability, the Lincoln League and its visitors in listening to Lowden and Wood had heard the voice of the next President of the United States. The session wound up Thursday night in a blaze of oratory and glory, and there were receptions and dances and social functions galore. All hands joined in wishing that the Lincoln League would make Chicago its most wishing place. After an absence of several days from his office on account of illness, Attorney Walter M. Farmer is on duty daily at his office suite, 708-184 W. Washington street. 1914-1920 ATTORNEY DAVID I. SWANSON. Non-partisan candidate for alderman of the Thi Both men and women can vote for him at the elec February 24. Hon. Charles S. Deneen and many other business men, both Democrats and Republicans, in working hard to boost him into the city council. Non-partisan candidate for alderman of the Thirty-first Ward. Both men and women can vote for him at the election Tuesday, February 24. Hon. Charles S. Deneen and many other of the best business men, both Democrats and Republicans, in the ward are working hard to boost him into the city council. Attorney David L. Swanson, non-partisan candidate for alderman of the 31st Ward was born September 24, 1884, being born and raised in the ward which he seeks to honorably represent in the City Council, at the present time and for many years residing with his parents at 542 W. 57th place, being ambitious to make something of himself Mr. Swanson was forced to go to work after emerging from the grammer school, in order to assist his parents. Later on he took up high school work while employed by Swift & Co., after successfully completing the same, he began the study of law at the John Marshall Law School, graduating from it with high honors in 1912, but in order to fully master some high school studies he did not take the bar examination until 1913, passing it more than successfully and shortly before that time he was connected with Swift & Co. for twelve years, holding several important positions such as figuring the cost of meats, accounting, sales department and prior to securing connections with that firm was assistant to head of a wholesales department of a large wholesale concern; since that time he has held responsible positions in the law department of a large furniture store, was also in the real estate and insurance business for himself and prior to going into the law business was office attorney and adjuster of claims for a large association. Went into the law business on May 1, 1918, with Joel C. Carlson, formerly Assistant State's Attorney, with law offices on the 6th floor of the Otis Building, with branch offices at 1926 S. Halsted street. The following persons will cheerfully testify as to the honesty and uprightness of Mr. Swanson: Carl Landberg formerly Senator 11th Senatorial District, now Cashier United State Bank 60th and Halsted Sts.; Congressman William W. Wilson, Washington, D. C.; William J. Lindsay, Master in Chancery, 6 N. Clark St.; James A. Keasan, Clerk of the Municipal Court, City Hall; Hon. Charles W. Deneen, personifi friend and neighbor, 29 S. La Salle St.; Joel C. Carlson, former Assistant State's Attorney, 10 S. La Salle St.; Hon. Frank P. Saddler, Ex-Judge, now Senator 11th Senatorial District, 69 W. Washington St.; Earl C. Hales, attorney at law, candidate in the last Judicial election for judge, 19 S. La Salle St.; Herbert A. Schryver, attorney at law, 112 W. Adams St.; W. ```markdown ``` Chairman of the License Committee of the City extremely popular with all classes of his constituent the people's candidate; both men and women will a back into the City Council Tuesday, February 24. Chairman of the License Committee of the City Council, who is extremely popular with all classes of his constituents and being the the people's candidate; both men and women will assist to run him back into the City Council Tuesday, February 24. Chairman of the License Committee of the City Council, who is extremely popular with all classes of his constituents and being the the people's candidate; both men and women will assist to run him back into the City Council Tuesday, February 24. olderman of the Thirty-first Ward. for him at the election Tuesday, eeneen and many other of the best and Republicans, in the ward are the city council. liam H. Cruden, now State Representative and member of Constitutional Convention, 10204 Wallace St.; Elward B. Lucius, attorney, now State Representative 11th Senator District member of firm of Goodnow, Matthews Lucius and McNabb, 38 S. Dearborn St.; John S. Rydell, merchant, 60th place and Halsted St.; John A. Nylah, Vice-President Fidelity Trust and Savings Bank, a new institution on the north side; Dr. W. R. Rephum, Pres. Englewood Business Men's Association, 6230 S. Halsted St.; E. P. Strandberg, contractor, 111 W. Washington St.; Rev. R. Keene Ryan, 5614 S. Green St.; Rev. Olaf Hedeen, 2240 W. 107th St. Mr. Swanson is a member of the Englewood Business Men's Association, and chairman of committee, as well as associate member of several other committees and has took an active part in all their activities for the benefit of the district. He is a member of the Covenant Baptist Church, 60th and Normal avenue, as well as a member of the Judson Bible Class of the Englewood Swedish Baptist Church, 59th and Emerald avenue, and a member of similar class in the Englewood Baptist Church, Englewood and Stewart avenues. Enlisted in the Motor Transport Corps and was sent to Camp Meigs, but armistice stopped further activity. Mr. Swanson is an honored and prominent member of the following lodges and has held responsible positions in them: John Ericson Lodge, No. 361, I. O. O. P., Masonie Lodges, Compass Lodge No. 922, A. F. & A. M., Normal Park Chapter, No. 210, R. A. M., Woodlawn Counell, No. 92, R. & S. M. Capt. John F. Patty and many other colored men residing in the 31st Ward speak of Mr. Swanson in the highest terns and they freely predict that he will be the next alderman from that ward; that he is a friend of Union Labor; that as alderman he will give every one a square deal. Mrs. Martha B. Anderson, 6450 Champlain avenue, has tendered her resignation as conductor of the choir of Bethesda Baptist Church, to take effect March 1. She has faithfully conducted it for the past nine years and by hard and persistent work on her part, she has built it up from an unknown quantity, to one of the best choirs in Chicago. 1910 committee of the City Council, who is s of his constituents and being the and women will assist to run him day, February 24. 93 HON. ISAAC N. POWELL. President of Powell, Garard & Co., investme the directors of the Washington Park Nationident of the South Side State Bank, who would candidate for the Board of Review. ident of Powell, Garard & Co., investment bursors of the Washington Park National Bank, the South Side State Bank, who would m for the Board of Review. President of Powell, Garard & Co., investment bankers; one of the directors of the Washington Park National Bank and president of the South Side State Bank, who would make a splendid candidate for the Board of Review. Hon. Isaac N. Powell who is one and good will of the colored people of the leading Republicans in this city and one of its most prominent and most sucessful business men was recently elected President of the South Side State Bank, located at 43rd and Cottage Grove avenue. Mr. Powell enjoys the high esteem bank. INSTITUTIONAL CHURCH STANDS BY REV. A. J. CAREY Dr. A. J. Carcy, the popular candidate of the Fourth Episcopal District, was unanimously endorsed by the Quarterly Conference of the Institutional Church (Dr. James N. Henderson, pastor), on last Friday evening, for election to the Bishopric by the General Conference to beheld in St. Louis, Mo., in May, next. Dr. Carey is the presiding elder of the Chicago District of the A. M. E. Church. In May the A. M. E. Church will hold its Quadrennial General Conference, at which time one or more Bishops will be elected. Dr. Carey is the only candidate of the northwest section of the great A. M. E. connection. The Institutional Church is not alone in this particular. The Quarterly Conferences of Bethel, Quinn Chapel, St. Mary's, Wayman, and Grant Memorial have already taken similar action. The universal desire of the Chicago churches and the M. B. [Name not provided] M. B. He was one of the most public spirited and enter- tents of Chicago; he was almost eighty-three years of closed his eyes in death this week. He represented the Ward in the city council for four years; he was city years; he was president of the Coliseum; his rare col- treasures and historical data, which is one of the best table in the United States, will in time belong to the Chicago. one of the most public spirited and enteri chicago; he was almost eighty-three years of age in death this week. He represented the city council for four years; he was city was president of the Coliseum; his rare col- and historical data, which is one of the best of the United States, will in time belong to the He was one of the most public spirited and enterprising citizens of Chicago; he was almost eighty-three years of age when he closed his eyes in death this week. He represented the old Second Ward in the city council for four years; he was city treasurer two years; he was president of the Coliseum; his rare collection of art treasures and historical data, which is one of the best and most valuable in the United States, will in time belong to the citizens of Chicago. & Co., investment bankers; one of in Park National Bank and pres bank, who would make a splendid aw. and good will of the colored people residing in Chicago who are depositing their savings with his bank which is considered one of the sound and conservative banks in Chicago and every day some of our colored citizens can be observed transacting their banking business with Mr. Powell's bank. whole northwest seems to be that Dr. Carey should be elected to the Bishopric, where his splendid talents can be used to greater advantage for the Church and the Race. WALLACE SPEAKS On Sunday evening, Feb. 8, W. A. Wallace, Pres., Wallace Bakery Co. 3600 State street, made an interesting address before the congregation of Bethel A.-M. E. Church at Glencoe. Rev. John McDonald, pastor left after the services for Baltimore, Md., where he will attend the Bishop Council. VIRGINIANS TO MEET All officers, members and Virginians in general are requested to attend the regular monthly meeting of the Virginia Society, Feb. 18, at Bailey's Hall, 3638 State street. Col. W. E. Mollison has returned home from Vicksburg, Miss., where he spent two weeks in visiting among his old friends. [Image of a man with white hair and a dark suit, facing slightly to the right]. ic spirited and enterprising citi-ghty-three years of age when he He represented the old Second years; he was city treasurer two liseum; his rare collection of art is one of the best and most val- time belong to the citizens of CHARLES E. STUMP, THE KANSAS FARMER NEWSPAPER WRITER, WHQ SOMETIMES USES JAWBREAKING WORDS WITHOUT KNOWING THEIR MEANING, CONTINUES TO HAVE A HIGH OLD TIME WHILE TRAVELING THROUGH THE SOUTH. CITIZENS TRUST & SAVINGS BANK 55TH & STATE STS CHICAGO THE WAY TO SAVE JOIN OUR WEEKLY THRIFT CLUB Cut This Out and Send In for Particulars Charleston, West Virginia.—I am with your race and my own race, and I am here to stay, but, believe me, when I tell you I am real proud of the things I have seen. I have been with one of the greatest cutters in this country, a man who can cut you to pieces and then put you together again, and do it while he smiles. This is Dr. J. H. Hale of the Millie Hale Infirmary, Nashville, . Tenn. That brings to us another great surgeon. They are Des. George C. Hall, Daniel H. Williams, A. M. Curtis and J. H. Hale. They have the country. I may put Dr. Hale at the bottom, but he is not at the bottom by any means, and people for miles around come to Nashville to have him look into their bodies, and see what the trouble is. They are willing to place their lives in his hands and they go back home getting well, and all because he knows his business, and is at the head of the largest hospital in this country owned by any one man. It is not a hospital with empty beds, but people are there by the hundreds and they have a distinct home for the young women who are there under training. They are all happy and doing the happy things for each other. I am going to talk to you this week, and when I am through you will have some information about a number of things, and you will be inclined to extend me a vote of thanks, and you are welcome. Of course the world has been moving and if you observe closely you will see that I have been moving with it. I am now West Virginia and I have had a few things to attract my attention in this section of the country, and since I have been seeing for you, I must let you have the result of my seeing. Reaching hore, I found my way to the drug store and there, to my surprise, found a young woman from Mississippi mixing up the medicines. She is a product from Meharry, and she knows her business. She requested me not to use her name, hence I will obey her request, but will say that she is one of the finest in the country and her former home was Yazoo City, Miss. Then I went to the home of Dr. C. G. Cummins, pastor of the Simpson Memorial Methodist Episcopal Church. He comes from the Baltimore stock, and his wife extended me a cordial welcome, because her husband was on the street attending to business. Dr. Cummins came, and we went to a meeting at the High School. There was only a handful present, but they represented work and brains. They had been raising money for the M. V. Lee Home for our girls. You will agree with me that it is a good cause to begin with, and then as I shall say more about it you will think more about it. The Mattie V. Lee Home was organized in the fall of 1915 by Rev. F. Herman Gow and Miss Rebecca I. Bullard, through the influence of Miss Carolyne Gentry, Mrs. Malcolm Jackson, Rabbit Bettan and others. It had for its object the guidance, training and moral protection of colored girls who are known as working girls. Miss Bullard is, indeed, a remarkable young woman, and a student of human nature. She served in the school room and was considered one of the best in this section of the country, saying nothing about race or color. Now she is devoting her life, her experience, her training to the uplift of others. She is a woman who has the confidence, love and respect of young girls, and they seek her companionship, advice and help. She was not seeking to use the organization to make money, for she belonged to one of the best families, and they own some of the best property in town, and if they desired to do so, they could easily sell their home for $20,000. She worked for the small salary of $15 or $20 a month, giving her entire time to the home, and leaving her own palatial home. My people are getting ready to build a new home, and for that pur- Wanted—Fifty women in various departments for light work, such as sorting and trimming washed rags, sorting waste paper stock, etc. GOOD PAY. Gumbinsky Bros. Co., 2261 South Union Avenue—one block east of Halsted St. (Feb. 14, 1920) Adv. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, FEBRUARY 14, 1920. pose, Saturday night this little group that I started out to tell you about had raised $20,000, and still the money continues to come in, and doth not yet appear what it will be at the end. From this home in this short time 3,127 housewives have been assisted in securing cooks, maids, nurses, manicurists, hair dressers, elevator girls and the like found employment in these occupations through the home; 2,080 girls have found lodging in the Christian atmosphere in the dormitory. The home has tendered aid to girls in jail, procured medical attention, financial aid for sick girls and investigated white slavery cases. There are other things connected with the home time will not permit to tell. The following were heads of teams who solicited and raised the money: T. G. Nutter, chairman, but on account of illness Wm. W. Sanders, supervisor of schools for the state, acted as chairman, and pushed it. The others were Miss R. I. Bullard, Mrs. S. M. Carper, Mrs. Hattie Clark, Rev. C. G. Cummins, Dr. W. L. Jones, Mrs. W. W. Sanders, Mrs. B. Miner, Rev. C. H. Woody and C. H. James. I shall say more another time. Now, I come to getting some more education, and this time I have been in touch with one of the leading educators of the country, Prof. John W. Davis, who is the youngest president of a state school in the country, but he has the training and experience and is going to make things move forward and Godward. He is a Christian young man, and got his training in the public schools of Georgia, Americus Institute, Morehouse College, and the University of Chicago, and then he was for five years connected with the faculty of Morehouse with Prof. John Hope right by his side, and you know Prof. Hope is a school man. He was called to the secretaryship of the Y. M. C. A. in Washington, and put new life into it, then he took hold of other work. Now comes to the point, the West Virginia Collegiate Institute was looking for a high class man for president—a college man, and heard of Prof. John W. Davis, in Washington, doing secretary work and made him the offer. He came, he saw, and he, after going into every detail, accepted, and the people are proud that he did accept, for there is a wonderful change in the school. He is not a gushy man, but a plain, practical business school man, full of the pep which is needed in such an institution, and he is putting it there. They have just held a conference of farmers, and it was a great meeting. They were addressed by former Governor Dr. Henry D. Hatfield, and it was some speech, believe me, honey. Associated with Prof. Davis, are Mrs. F., C. Carter, training teachers; Elizabeth Coleman, English and Library; S. H. Guss, head of secondary department; W. D. Johnson, college subjects; C. E. Mitchell, business manager; Mrs. A. A. Taylor, French; A. A. Taylor, mathematics; D. L. Ferguson, college subjects; Clarence Hubbard, assistant bookkeeper; Mabel G. Reynolds, stenographer; Walter J. Bacon, physical director; A. G. Brown, mechanical drawing; Solomon Brown, smithing and wheelwrighting; Charlotte Campbell, domestic science; A. W. Curtis, director of agriculture; Mary S. Campbell, domestic science; Harry Davis, painting; Mary Eubanks, home economics; R. W. James, assists agriculture; C. E. Jones, history and geography; Gertrude Watkins, domestic science; Joseph Lovette, masonry; Amanda Spriggs, dressmaking; William Spriggs, carpentry; A. C. Spurlock, superintendent industries; Delbert Prillerman, chemistry; Elizabeth Mitchell, music; Helen T. Johnson, matron; M. T. Sinclair, physician; William F. Savoy, secretary to president. I shall have more to say about the school in the future. Things are getting in shape for the general conference, and I shall have something to say to you about it also. I will not be able to talk this week about pub ONE TON FORD TRUCK FOR SALE CHEAP. For Sale—one-ton Ford Truck 1917 style. It is in good running order and will be sold at a bargain price—four hundred and fifty dollars. For further information call on or address Thomas Bell, 17 West 33rd St, near State St.-Adv. Suggestion to Mechanics The president of one of the largest stove works in the United States was once a journeyman molder. Not every mechanic can be as successful, but once you have his spare money in a Savings Account regularly can soon own his own shop or obtain an interest in Whether you shall remain an employee or become an employer rests largely with yourself. You are amazed at the joy occasioned by forming the habit of regularly depositing a portion of your income and watching it grow. A company interest. Open a Savings Account every day. $1.00 or more will start you. We 3% Per Annum Interest Pay on Savings Accounts NEW BANKING HOURS FOR SAVINGS Mondays 10 a. m. to 8 p. m. Saturdays 9 a. m. to 8 p. m. ILLINOIS TRUST & SAVINGS BAN La Salle at Jackson - Chica lis schools and other places I have been. Charles E. Stump. SETH BOMB IN YEAR HITS BOULE VARD HOME. The eighth bomb explosion in the past year wrecked the apartment building at 4404-06 Grand boulevard, occupied by Negroes. The explosions have been interpreted as protests by white residents to the spread of the Negro residential district southward. John R. Thompson, restaurateur, lives in the same block. The bomb, which exploded in the first, floor hallway, was thrown through the glass in the doorway from a passing automobile. Witnesses said the machine was occupied by several men and was traveling at high speed. The stairway was knocked down and large holes were blown in the walls. R. M. Mason and E. E. Clark, Negroes, and their families, who live in the building, were not injured. Clark was arrested in the race riots last summer, charged with "sniping" at white people, but exonerated. ATTENDS LEAGUE The Hon. John T. Oatneal, justice of the peace, Washington Courthouse, Ohio, spent several days in the city attending the Lincoln League which was in session at the 33rd and South Park Church during the week. BUYS VACANT LOTS. Many people are purchasing through the Bailey Realty Co., 3638 State street, of which M. T. Bailey is president, vacant lots in Morgan Park upon which they are expecting to erect their future homes. IN LOUISIANA W. T. Cutliff, 4503 Wabash avenue, is visiting relatives and friends in Shreveport, La., his old home town. CONVALESCING Mrs. Julia Taylor, 3638 State street who has been quite ill for some ting is convalescing slowly. MOVES OFFICE. Attorney Frederick McKinney, formerly of St. Louis and Hannibal Mo., is now located at 184 W. Washington street, suite 708. Hon. S. A. T. Watkins spent last week at Hot Springs, Ark. He returned home Monday noon in ample time to be around when the new home of the Appomattox club was bombed at 3632 Grand boulevard early on Tuesday morning. Republican State Chairman Frank L. Smith has appointed Miss Estelle Arnold of 3630 Calumet avenue as a member of the Illinois Republican women's executive committee. She is a niece of Col. John R. Marshall of the old 8th infantry. Harris Reserve Power. Nobody can leave the impression of holding interest in a particular detailed knowledge of the utmost importance as a neighbor woman when she tells you that some other neighbor woman concerning whose health you inquire is doing as well as could be expected—Ohio State Journal. Myself and family were out for our usual Sunday ride. We were driving along a fairly smooth road, which gradually became more rough. Finally little Rose, who had become tired of being bumped about, exclaimed: "Oh, mamma, has the car lost its temper?" —Exchange. Difficult to Distinguish Garment From Informal or Formal Evening Attire. Model Usually Cut in One Piece, With Lower Portion of Skirt Much Narrower Than at the Hips. Women are adopting the handsome tea gown as a dinner dress for home wear. So very beautiful are these tea gowns that in some cases it is difficult to distinguish them not only from informal evening dresses but from formal ones as well, writes a fashion correspondent. There was a time, not far distant, when we considered a negligee as a delicate affair always in pale colorings, which made it impractical to wear anywhere but in one's own room. Now most of the models, except those for very intimate wear, are in the rich, dark colorings of the Orient, in gay, colorful tones of beautiful brocades and velvets such as those that are used in the most dignified gowns and evening wraps. Made Into Evening Dresses Made Into Evening Dresses. Many women buy these wonderful tea gowns, and with a few changes here and there convert them into evening dresses. They are not quite as expensive as the former and may be a little more individual. This type of garment takes its inspiration from the dress of women in Eastern lands; most of them are from the costumes of Japan or those of Egypt. Our informal robes, which make no pretense of being dresses, are plainly of Japanese origin. They are selected for their usefulness, at the same time endeavoring to get as much of beauty as possible along with utility. The handsome ones, even of these plain robes, are very expensive, and the best thing to do is to make them yourself. Don't be afraid to practice on a really beautiful fabric; there is little chance of failing, because they are so very simple. A pretty one which I saw was of a heavy pink silk. It was lined with thin white wash silk and there was an interlining of lightweight flannel. The garment was perfectly straight and quite ungirdled, the only trimming being a large founding collar of fur. Preference for Long Draped Lines. There appears to be a preference for long draped lines, the garment usually being cut in one piece, with the lower portion of the skirt much narrower than at the hips. In many cases the draping swathes the ankles rather tightly. Even the sleeves, cut in kimono style, are gradually shaped so that they fit the arm snugly below the elbow and are long; some of them coming almost to the tips of the fingers. One new model which I have just seen has sleeves about four feet long. Such long sleeves seem very remarkable for any garment. You will wonder how the weirer got her arms through them. The sleeve was sewed to the full length just like any narrow sleeve, but it was slit at the elbow, allowing the arm to come through the seam. The rest of this queer long sleeve hung like a streamer. This tea gown was of black chiffon velvet and was quite untrimmed, but the long, straight draping was most effective. Another model of the long draped type is of crushed, velvet, dyed in coral and orange—a remarkably striking combination. The effect is obtained in this way: a water dye and an oil dye are put into one vessel. The fabric is then dipped into this, and as the water and oil will not mix, the cloth comes out in two tones. The sleeves, which are long and tight, wrinkling on the arm from the elbow to the wrist, are made in three sections connected by cording, which goes in rows about the arm. Weights start at the bottom of the sleeve and continue all the way up it and down the side seams of the gown to hold the drapery of the sleeve in place. Elaborate Trimming Used. The negligible is one article of dress in which we may allow ourselves much latitude in the matter of ornamentation, for while some of these handsome gowns have no trimming others are very elaborately trimmed. One of velvet, made on exactly the same lines as the one just described, is lavishly covered with Chinese stencil work. Another is trimmed with large eyelets carrying out a design. These, instead of being worked with threads like the English eyelet embroidery, are bound with different colored sliks. Still another, of black chiffon velvet, has battik work in gold. All of these robes slip on over the head. In no dress, can art be expressed in quite the same manner as in the tea gown, and women are continually demanding not only greater beauty of design, but of colorings in them. This has brought about some very interesting methods of hand dyeing to obtain unusual color effects. Both velvets and silks are dyed by dipping a portion of the material into the desired color and wringing is tightly with the hands. The next section of the cloth is then dipped into another shade and wrung in the same manner, and so on to the end of the piece. The fabric is then hung up so that the dyes run into each other, making wonderful shades that vie with the colors of the rainbow. The efforts of those who do this work are centered on obtaining uncommon colors. This they do through the study of lovely old poteries and other pieces of art, especially Persian and Indian fables. Bronze shades are among the fi- FROM THIS DATE ONWARD THE BROAD AX'CAN ALWAYS BE FOUND ON SALE AT THE FOLLOWING NEWS STANDS: Edward Felix, Notions, Cigars and News Stand, 3002 S. Dearborn street. George W. Boyd, News Stand, Laundry Office and Shoe Shining Parlors, 3620 S. State street. Mrs. L. Myers, Notion Store, Laundry Office and News Stand, 5012 S. State street. Thomas Bell, News Stand, Ice Cream Parlors and Laundry Office, 17 W. 53rd street, near State. Mrs. Moses Ratcliff, President of the Willing Workers' Club, of St. Catherine A. M. E. Zion Chureh, 3739 Elmwood avenue. R. T. Kirby, Shoe Shining, Hat Cleaning Parlor and News Stand, 20 E. 35th street, near L Station. F. Bishop, Cigars, Tobacco and News Stand, 8 W. 27th street, near State. A. D. Hayes, Cigars, Tobacco, Notion, Stationery and News Stand, 3640 S. State street. Dodson's Shoe Shining Parlors and News Stand, Southwest corner 35th and State streets. News items left with any of the above news agents prior to Wednesday mornings of each week, will find their way into the columns of The Broad Ax. vortes, and some lovely velvetts are done in this tone. Velvet Makes Stately Tea Gown. A stately type of tea gown is of old blue velvet, combined with chiffon. It is very much embroidered, the chiffon being practically covered with a wonderful design of flowers, ducks and dragons. Many mellow colors of silk blend in this embroidery, although at first glance gold and silver appear to predominate. The embroidery around the neck and sleeves is a cross-stitch of gold and silver threads. The method of putting this garment together is rather intricate, although the lines appear simple. In contrast to these stately robes there is the pajama negligee emanating from the dress in which the women of China drink tea. China, however, furnishes only the basic idea for these dresses. The pajama negligee is made of bright colored velvets and silks, the trousers tying about the ankles with ribbons of silver and gold. While the splendid tea gowns previously described are topped by a headaddress, these gay little Chinese costumes are accompanied by jaunty caps and slippers that match them. Many of the caps are small, round affairs with dangling silver tassels. Maryland in History. The city of Baltimore was founded in 1728, Frederick in 1745 and Georgetown in 1751. Maryland played an honorable part in the Revolutionary war, and in 1783 congress met at Annapolis, where, on December 23, after the conclusion of peace, Washington resigned his commission as commander in chief. In the war of 1812 the state suffered severely. Fort McHenry was bombarded by the English fleet in September, 1814, this battle being the occasion for the writing of "The Star-Spangled Banner" by Francis Scott Key. Fisherman's Lucky Day 14 a-carat gold band ring was found by John Moore, one of the crew of the fishing' schooner Gertrude De Costa, inside a big halibut caught on George bank recently. The ring is a man's size and is believed to have been dropped overboard from some trawl. Jantic liner. Judging from its condition when recovered from the halibut's stomach by Moore, the ring had been lost recently. Moore will wear it, as there is no way of determining the ownership. A Way to Famc. Fame is very, casily acquired. All you have to do is to be in the right place at the right time and do the right thing in the right way—and then advertise it widely.—Kansas City Star. The Hanoar Many people think that the airplane word "hangar" is an affectation and is the late adaptation of a French word. A look into the Standard dictionary will reveal the fact that Thackeryan uses the word and that it means a shed, not primarily a place to hang a dirigible—Hartford Courant. When Death Cools His Sting. There is in the West Indies a very curious superstition regarding death. When a death occurs in a house all the water in it should be regarded as poisoned and at once thrown away. The idea is that death after claiming his victim will cool his "sting" in the first water he reaches, which thereby becomes a deadly poison. One can tell what water has been touched, so the safe thing to do is to get rid of all that is within his reach and do it at once. Once in his law days while Lincoln was in Chicago trying a suit, his wife had the roof taken off their house to make the house higher. On Lincoln's return he manifested great surprise, and asked a passerby, "Stranger, can you tell me where Lincoln lives?" Receiving the desired information, he then gravely entered the domicile. [] Phone Prospect 427 JAMES H. RYAN & CO. Real Estate, Renting Loans, Insurance 6244 SO. ASHLAND AVENUE CHICAGO, ILL. 3504 SOUTH STATE STREET CHICAGO, ILL. $200 Down A Big Purchase turer's Entire appliances Enail Attractive Bar THESE appliances can specifications, and s appliances, so we b sand units, at a bargain chase enables us to place Special "Special" on Gas "Special" on Water "Special" on Rack Delivered and connected up to 25 feet of fuel pipe. Also a few remaining appli be had at 1919 prices. Our "Composite Gas Range further commendation. The We aim to avoid any futur for ourselves. Gas Heated Laundry Equi home" problem. Gas-Elect Home Cabinet Dryers (dry a easy payments. Water Heaters. No modern of getting hot water any t Styles and prices to suit all If you do not have a "Radiati ing yourself the enjoyment of inventions, one that is easily w Neighbor South Side 731 West Sixty-third St. No. 3478 Archer Avenue 3071 Lia 1035 East Thirty-fifth St. 3043 Irv 9051 Commercial Ave. 400 West 11025 Michigan Avenue Exhibition Hall The Peoples Gas L Telephone Wabash 6000 Down A Big Purchase of a Manufacturer's Entire Stock of Gas and Aliances Enables Us to Offer Attractive Bargains to Customers ESE appliances came up to our stand, specifications, and stood the rigid test we appliances, so we bought them all; about units, at a bargain price. This fortune enables us to place on sale at A Big Purchase of a Manufacturer's Entire Stock of Gas Appliances Enables Us to Offer Attractive Bargains to Customers. THESE appliances came up to our standards and specifications, and stood the rigid test we give all appliances, so we bought them all; about a thousand units, at a bargain price. This fortunate purchase enables us to place on sale at Special Prices Special" on Gas Ranges Special" on Water Heaters Special" on Radiant fires Delivered and connected Free. Includes up to 25 feet of fuel pipe, if necessary. New remaining appliances from our 1919 stock at 1919 prices. Composite Gas Ranges" are too well known commendation. They are built to burn CX un to avoid any future troubles for our cust selves. New Laundry Equipment. Solves the "ser- nple problem. Gas-Electric Washing and Ironing. Cabinet Dryers (dry as fast as you wash). All Heaters. No modern home need be without hot water any time, all the time, in am and prices to suit all needs. Do not have a "Radiantfire" in your home you self enjoy the enjoyment of one of the greatest stores, one that is easy within your reach. Only $ Neighborhood Stores North Side Saty-third St. Saty-Avenue 3071 Lincoln Avenue Thirty-fifth St. 3043 Irving Park Blvd. Commercial Ave. 400 West North Ave. Michigan Avenue 4003 West Mad West Side 2142 West Mad 1709 West Rox 1641 Milwaukee 3734 West Tw 4003 West Mad Exhibition Hall and Rest Room Peoples Gas Light & Coke Co. Cone Washah 6000 Michigan Avenue at A Telephone Central 5832 Residence Douglas 2616 Mrs. Warner Painless Chiropody 15 Years' Experience Opposite Palmer House 120 So. State Street CHICAGO TELEPHONE GEORGE F. H REAL Up-to-Date or Moder and Store 3101 COTTAGE Corner 31st S TELEPHONE DOUGLAS 1 AGE F. HARDING REAL ESTATE ate or Modern Houses, Ap- and Stores to Rent COTTAGE GROVE Corner 31st Street, Chicago TELEPHONE DOUGLAS 1 GEORGE F. HARDING, JR. REAL ESTATE Up-to-Date or Modern Houses, Apartments and Stores to Rent 3101 COTTAGE GROVE AVE. Corner 31st Street, Chicago Good Word for Puny, Brave Little Bob has received many injunctions to be "manly," the word being used to mean to go about his business bravely, quietly and in a self-respecting manner. The other day Bob's pet cat was suspected of some walking misdeamor and Bob rose to the rescue in a hurry. "Tm sure she never did it, mamma," he exclaimed indignantly. "She'd never think of acting in such a manner. She in a very manly cat." Making Billard Balls Experience has shown in the making of billard balls that, as it dries, shrinkures, so they are turned in the rough and kept in a warm room for a long time—sometimes two years Then after shrinking they are turned again. --- --- Gas Ranges Gas Water Heaters Radiantfires Use of a Manufact- Stock of Gas Ap- ples Us to Offer gains to Customers. Come up to our standards and good the rigid test we give all ought them all; about a thou- price. This fortunate pur- e on sale at Ranges Water Heaters Dianfires $2.00 Down free. Includes if necessary. Price from our 1919 stock can still "es" are too well known to need they are built to burn Chicago Gas. the troubles for our customers and maint. Solves the "servant in the Electric Washing and Ironing machines. fast as you wash). All long time a home need be without the means one, all the time, in any quantity. needs. "fire" in your home you are deny- one of the greatest of modern within your reach. Only $2.00 down. School Stores West Side North Side 2142 West Madison Street Bush Avenue 1709 West Reservelt Road Park Bird Blvd. 1641 Milwaukee Avenue North Ave. 3734 West Twenty-seventh St. 4033 West Madison Street Call and Rest Room Light & Coke Company Michigan Avenue at Adams St. Phone Douglas 2928 - Laundry Office Edward Felix Notions and Grocery Delicatessen—Bread, Cakes and Pies Ice Cream—Brick and Bulk 3002 Dearborn St. CHICAGO, ILL. DOUGLAS 1 HARDING, JR. ESTATE Barn Houses, Apartments to Rent E GROVE AVE. Street, Chicago Meaning of "Selah." The word Selah, which occurs so frequently in the Psalms, is usually believed to be a direction to the musicians who chanted the Psalms in the temple. Matheson, the great musical critic, wrote a book on the subject, in which, after reflecting a number of theories, he came to the conclusion that it is equivalent to the modern "da cappo," and is a direction that the air or song is to be repeated from the commencement to the part where the word is placed. Lucid. Little Roy had just returned from a week's visit to his aunt, and was trying to describe the folding bed he had been sleeping in. "It lays down at night, mamma, and stands on its bind legs in the daytime."—Boston Transcript. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, FEBRUARY 14, 1920. DENISON, WATKINS AND WHITE ATTORNEYS AT LAW 38 West Randolph Street Franklin A. Denison, S. A. T. Watkins, James E. White Telephone Central $142 CHICAGO PHONE MAIN 2214 A. D. GASH ATTORNEY AT LAW 118 N. La Salle Street CHICAGO Tel. Central 6583 Residence 3646 Grand Boulevard Phone Douglas 4397 J. GRAY LUCAS ATTORNEY AT LAW 36 W. Rendelph Street Corner Dearborn St. Suite 402 Delaware Building F. Dunn, J. B. McCahay, Trustees Tel: Oakland 1552, 1551, 1550 JOHN J. DUNN Established 1877 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL COAL Fifty-First and Federal Streets CHICAGO Residence, 1262 Macallister Place Tel. Monroe 2714 MILES J. DEVINE ATTORNEY AT LAW SUITE 818-320 REAPER BLE. Clark and Washington Streets Phone Central 1230 CHICAGO Notary Public Phones: Office Maln 4153; Residence, 4753 Champaign Ave. Phone Dexel 8178. ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW Suite 706-184 W. Washington St. CHICAGO Residence 8419 South Park Ave. Phone Douglas 9854 WM. J. LATHAM ATTORNEY AT LAW Office Phone: Calumet 875 2 EAST THIRTY-FIRST ST. Suite 7 CHICAGO Acidence 3855 Prairie Ave. Phone Douglas 9183 Phones: Main 2017 Auto 32-395 A. L. WILLIAMS ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW Suite 706 Firmenich Building 84 W. Washington Street CHICAGO Telephone Oakland 246 E. K. CALDWELL Successor to C. E. KREYSSLER DRUGGIST 5087 South State Street Near Sixth St. Not On the Corner CHICAGO EXELENTO FOR KINKY HAIR Every woman can have nice skin help, especially Gilda's hair has grown 20 inches long by using your wonderful EXELENTO POMAGE Don't be fooled by fake Kinky Hair. You can't tighten your hair curl it isn't soft and smooth. None of the hair and makeup is grown long and We make Exelento Skin Beauty, an enchantment for dark, under skin. Used in fashion. POCK OF EACH EXELENTO OR COM AGENTS WANTED DVERTISING For Parties for Exelento MERGINE CO., Atlanta, Ga. --- November 18, 1912..... $ 836,605.23 November 17, 1913..... 888,386.38 November 17, 1914..... 912,005.69 November 17, 1915..... 1,059,400.64 November 17, 1916..... 1,132,750.71 November 17, 1917..... 979,377.47 November 18, 1919..... 1,284,084.24 November 18, 1919..... 2,359,636.62 President EL MAISEL, Vice President W. C. BARRY, Cashier W. MERLE FISHER, Assis ARTHUR C. UTESCH JOHN BAIN, President MICHAEL MAISEL, Vice President EDW. C. BARRY, Cashier W. MERLE FISHER, Assistant Cashier ARTHUR C. UTESCH, Asst. Cashier. Largest Labor Organization of Negroes in the World Every Craft of Railroad Work Represented OVER 20,000 MEMBERS OVER 150 LOCALS OVER SIX YEARS OLD This association has done more than all other labor agencies co. ASK THE MEN Now housed in the magistrate the Appomattox Club—recenters. Railway Men's Benevolent Industry General Headquarter Appomattox Club ation has done more for the railroa labor agencies combined. ASK THE MEN WHO KNOW ed in the magnificent home for ox Club—recently purchased an Ray Men's Interna ment Industrial Asso lial Headquarters, 3441 JWaba b This association has done more for the railroad man of color than all other labor agencies combined. Now housed in the magnificent home formerly used by the Appomattox Club—recently purchased as our headquarters. Railway Men's International Benevolent Industrial Association General Headquarters, 3441 Wabash Ave. Appomattox Club CHICAGO, ILL. "Bosker Time" is Cheerful. The term a "bosker time," which the Australians use to describe a cheerful leave, comes home to its birthplace, little altered. "Bosky," with a similar meaning, was an English colloquialism in the eighteenth century. And "bosky" is still current slang with us, but implying too generous use of the wine cup. There is one phrase in the book of slang which is decidedly pleasing, "Australian grip." It stands for that best of greetings, the honest, hearty hand shake.—London Chronicle. History of the Melon. History of the Melons. Melons were first extensively cultivated in France early in the seventeenth century, but were known to the ancients from the commencement of our era. The Egyptians grew them. They are said to have been carried to America by the Portuguese. Office Phone: Douglas 8285 KERSEY, McGOWAN CHICAGO'S REP UNDER Finest Establishment Y, McGOWAN AND MC CHICAGO'S REPRESENTATIVE UNDERTAKERS nest Establishment in the U. KEY D. A. McGOWAN WM Proprietors GEO. T. KERSEY D. A. McGOWAN WM. J. MORSELL Proprietors ERNEST H. WILLIAMSON UNDERTAKER PHONE: 123-123-4567 Office: 5028-5020 S. STREET 16 Have received a promotional price Lower than the rate you pay New York, New York Midland, Michigan Cleveland, Ohio The Cunningham Car for the railroad man of color combined. WHO KNOW sificent home formerly used by ply purchased as our headquar- International Industrial Association , 3441 JWabash Ave. CHICAGO, ILL. Copan is an ancient ruined city of northwestern Honduras, on the Copan river. The remains are of unknown antiquity and very extensive, stretching for about two miles along the river. The buildings are of stone, embracing a temple over 600 feet long, with many sculptured figures. The Copan ruins take their name from a modern town to the east of them. This was an Indian stronghold, and was taken after a fierce struggle by the Spaniards under Hermando de Chaves in 1530. The Other Way Round. The Other Way Round. Merrington—"Many a wise word is spoken in jest." Stingsby—"Yes, but they can't compare with the number of foolish ones that are spoken in earnest." N AND MORSELL PRESENTATIVE WAKERS ment in the U. S. OFFICERS THE MIDDLE STREET BUILDING Value of Training. The value of systematic physical training for executives is being recognized by industrial concerns throughout the country. It is well known that exercise for those whose work does not normally provide it makes for efficiency and little loss of time through illness. Date of Christ's Birth. Date of Christ's Birth. The Christian era, first used by a monk, Dionysius Exigius, in the year 533 A. D. and adopted by Christian nations at a later period, was intended to begin with the birth of Christ. Dionysius is believed, however, to have made an error in fixing that event in the year of Rome 754 instead of 750. Christ's birth is now considered to have taken place in or before the year 4 B. C. With a known lineage trailing through 3,000 dusty years the hare may well be called one of the ancient inhabitants of the earth. Among the oldest Jews the hare and its near relative, the coney of the rocks, were excluded from the ranks of edible animals; but as the flesh of the hare was found to be both nutritious and wholesome the prejudice against it gradually disappeared and it began to be grown and domesticated for food. History Repeats Itself. Briggs and Fowler were talking of the great wars fought in the days when the world was considerably younger. "You know," said Briggs "it always seems to me that those old warriors were very much like our modern financiers." "What do you mean?" asked Fowler. "Well they were always investing some one else's capital, weren't they?" The Second Load It takes two trucks to move the average household—one to carry the furniture, and the other to convey the old clothes the housewife gives away as soon as she moves into the new place. —Kansas City Star. Edinburgh Landmark Gone. An interesting bit of old Edinburgh, dating back about 1000, has been burned. The destroyed building, which consisted of a single story and attic, was one of the landmarks of the Holyrood area. It was the old Yew Tree tavern, and stood inside the bounds of the Holyrood sanctuary for debtors, within which, in days of yore, the fugitive was free from the attentions of his creditors Hard to Believe. A good Arabian horse can center in the desert for twenty-four hours in summer and forty-eight in winter without drinking. "Kitchen Middena." L:chen middens are great mounds, some 100 feet long and 250 feet wide, found in Denmark, England, Scotland, France and in parts of Europe, North and South America and Australia. They are supposed to be the refuse heaps of prehistoric periods, and are composed chiefly of oyster, periwinkle, cockle and mussel shells. In them are found implements of wood, stone, bones of animals and clinders. Largest Pipe Organ. What is undoubtedly the largest and probably the greatest pipe organ ever made was that which was played in Festival hall in St. Louis, during the exposition in 1904. It was orally made for Convention hall, in Kansas City, but was never accepted. It remained in storage for years and was then bought by John Wanamaker and installed in his Philadelphia store, where it is played every working day. The organ weighs 375,000 pounds. Tree Like Bone. The yacal, a Philippine tree, is a really wonderful wood. It is as hard as bone. Lignum vitae is credited with being the hardest known wood; but it is doubtful if it will stand any more test than yacal. No Safety in Seclusion A good old lady in a town not far from here pleasantly thinned Providence each day of her life that she was not exposed to the perils that missionaries in savage countries incurred. As she was taking her placid morning walk one day a branch broke from an elm tree and fell upon her, injuring her so badly that her death resulted not long afterward. Yet none could have lived a more sheltered and secluded life than she. Use Butterflies as Food Butterflies, which are very prolific in Australia, are suffocated in millions by the aborigines and, separated from their wings, pressed into cakes and eaten. Heard on Car. "I thought my first husband snored badly enough, but, oh, dear! John was a solo snorer, while my present husband tries to institute the entire orchestra"—Boston Transcript. --- Better to Give Than Lend Give, and you may keep your friend if you lose your money; lend and the chances are that you lose your friend if ever you get back your money.— Bulwer-Lytton. Ring Strangely Recovered. A wedding ring was found in the stomach of a cod caught on the Grand banks. The ring belonged to Mrs. Pauline Burnham, an English woman, who had lost it when the steaunchship Anglo Saxon went down in 1861. The fisherman traced the ownership of the ring and sent it back to the son of Mrs Burnham, who is said to have rewarded him with a present of £20. Wisdom and Prudence There is a courageous wisdom; there is also a false, reptile, prudence, the result, not of caution, but of fear,—Burke. JAMES G. COTTER ATTORNEY-AT-LAW 145 NORTH CLARK STREET SUITE 407 Telephone Central 8354 CHICAGO Formerly Assistant Attorney General State of Illinois