The Gazette

Distressing Case of Peonage IN UNION IS STRENGTH FORTY-FIRST YEAR A D Phone, Randolph 534 SAUNDE LODGINGS AND HOME Mrs. Pearlie B 2364 EAST 55TH ST. TRADE WITH We treat you courteously Buy Your Columbia H Grafanolas He We take your old record Hear all the latest Bessie S pert repairing on all makes of ART MUSIC 2290 E. 55TH ST. The Playhouse BENEFIT Pr PROF. W. A. CALLI of N.Y. In a CORY M. Scovill Ave. MONDAY-EVENING Assi MR. FREDERIC Cleveland's Po MRS. SOPHIA MISS MABEL C General Adm Reserved Se Recital at 8 CAUTION Don't the wrom When you ask for Dr. Whitener Preparati them. Don't let the cl package. Hundreds ceived—just because FRED Palmer's. T Palmer's Skin Whit proven their merit a you know you are g on Dr. FRED Palmer arations—AND TAK ST YEAR, No. 13 Dist LUDDERS HOUSE BOGGINGS AND DINING SERVE HOME COOKING Mrs. Pearlie Rivers, Proprietor 55TH ST. CLEVEN E WITH US! you courteously. Columbia Records and rafanolas Here. Your old records in trade. Latest Bessle Smith records, 75 cen- t on all makes of Phonographs. Wor- RT MUSIC SHOPPE 5TH ST. NEAR CENT The house Settler BENEFIT CLUB Presents W. A. CALHOUN, Pianist of N. Y. City In a recital at RY M. E. CHURCH Scovill Ave. and E. 35th St. YEVENING, NOV. 1 Assisted by FREDERICK D. HACKER Cleveland's Popular Tenor, a S. SOPHIA BAILEY, Rea- MABEL CLARK, Accomp General Admission, 50 cent reserved Seats—One Dollar Recital at 8:15 P. M. Sharp CUTION Don't Take wrong pace ask for Dr. Fred Palmer's Preparations—be sure n't let the clerk hand you the Hundreds of people have just because they failed to Palmer's. The original Dr. Skin Whitener Preparati- ne merit and when you b you are getting the best RED Palmer's Skin Whitener AND TAKE NO SUBST FORTY-FIRST YEAR, No.13 Phone, Randolph 534 STEAM HEAT SAUNDERS HOUSE LODGINGS AND DINING SERVICE HOME COOKING Mrs. Pearlie Rivers, Proprietor 2364 EAST 55TH ST. CLEVELAND, O. TRADE WITH US! We treat you courteously. Buy Your Columbia Records and Grafanolas Here. We take your old records in trade. Hear all the latest Bessie Smith records, 75 cents each. Ex- pert repairing on all makes of Phonographs. Work guaranteed. ART MUSIC SHOPPE 2290 E. 55TH ST. NEAR CENTRAL AVE. Presents PROF. W. A. CALHOUN, Pianist de luxe, of N. Y. City In a recital at CORY M. E. CHURCH Scovill Ave. and E. 35th St. MONDAY EVENING, NOV. 19, 1923 Assisted by MR. FREDERICK D. HACKLEY Cleveland's Popular Tenor, and MRS. SOPHIA BAILEY, Reader. MISS MABEL CLARK, Accompanist. General Admission, 50 cents. Reserved Seats—One Dollar. Recital at 8:15 P. M. Sharp. CAUTION-! Don't Take the wrong package When you ask for Dr. Fred Palmer's Skin Whitener Preparations—be sure you get them. Don't let the clerk hand you the wrong package. Hundreds of people have been deceived—just because they failed to say Dr. FRED Palmer's. The original Dr. FRED Palmer's Skin Whitener Preparations have proven their merit and when you buy them, you know you are getting the best. Insist on Dr. FRED Palmer's Skin Whitener Preparations—AND TAKE NO SUBSTITUTE. Get Dr. FRED Palmer's Skin Whitener Preparations from your druggist RETAILER DR. FRED PALMER'S SKIN FROM A DR. FRED PALMER ATLAS RETAILERS MAY OBTAIN PALMER'S SKIN WHITENER PRE FROM ANY JOBBER D PALMER'S LABOR ATLANTA, GA. DR. FRED PALMER'S SKIN WHITENER PREPARATIONS FROM ANY JOBBER DR. FRED PALMER'S LABORATORIES ATLANTA, GA. THE GAZETTE ESTABLISHED, AUGUST 25, 1883 And Issued Every Week on Time Since CLEVELAND, OHIO, SATURDAY, NOVEMBER 17, 1923 FRESH OHIO NEWS What Our People Are Doing Each Week — Church, Personal, Social, Lodge, Literary and Musical — Marriages, Deaths, Etc. YOUNGSTOWN.—Dr. A. D. Armstead has recovered and is again practicing.—Mrs. Harry Irvin, injured by an auto, last week, and taken to the hospital, is slowly recovering.—Mrs. Fiske was hostess to the Musolje club, Monday, at Belmont.—Mrs. Fred Hill entertained members of Oak Hill Ave. church's Y. L. M. S., Tuesday evening. Plans for a birthday social, Nov. 22, were completed.—The City Federation will meet, Dec. 14, at the Y.—Claude Hison is in Greenville. Ala. His father is very Ill.—Mrs. Florence Carey and Mrs. Bertha Davis are ill. SHARLINE.—Our two candidates, Messrs. Wool, for township trustee, and Caushy, for constable, were "defeated" they say, but we do not believe it. For several days, it looked as if the latter was safe, but it now develops that he was not. Our voters feel keenly their mistreatment and ought to resent it in a proper way and at the proper time, which will be the next election. They can "get even" then, if they want to and will do so. J. Elmer Harvey, Jr., has resigned as secretary of our local club. This is to be regretted. He is discouraged. Itting them.—Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Young and Mr. and Mrs. Lewin Goodson of Dayton returned, Frid day evening. The latter spent the week-end here with relatives.—Mrs. Louisa Young has been quite ill. MAMIE SMITH The Wildly Known "Queen of Synception and Jazz," and Her Celebrated "Jazz Hounds" at The Globe, Next Week. Manager Bob Davis, of the poplar Globe theatre, as you all know always tries to secure for his many patrons the very best obtainable in the amusement world, and the week of Nov. 19 will again prove it. Mr. Davis has gone to great expense to secure Mamie Smith and her "Jazz Hounds" who, with new selections, special scenery and gorgous costumes, will astound the local musical world. This is Mamie's first appearance in the East since her return from extensive engagements on the Coast, at the head of her own "company," "STRUTTING ALONG." Mamie Smith is rated as the greatest exponent of synception and jazz now on the American stage, and, according to the boss CORRESPONDENTS must mail all letters for publication at their main postoffice sufficiently early on Monday (or Sunday) of each week to have them reach The Gazette office on Tuesday morning, and always write also, their names and that of their city or town on the outside of the wrapper about returned copies. Unless this latter is done, proper credit, cannot be given you. Lists of names, wedding presents, etc. obituary notices, inquiries for relatives and advertisements of all kinds, including items announcing entertainments to be held in the near future, must be paid for in advance at the rate of 25 cents a line, six words to a line. Our rates for display advertisements will be sent on application. CADIZ,—Rey, W. P. Myers, former pastor of St. James' A. M. E. church; is stationed at Hamilton—Bessie Glenn, Helen Lucas, Mrs. Dora Johnson, R. T. Ballard and Emmet Mack attended the Eastern Ohio Teachers' Association, recently, in Steubenville,—Rey, and Mrs. R. L. Allen of Belfountain, the former the new pastor of St. James' A. M. E. church, have arrived—Mr. Geo. Olmstead and Miss Ia- Doubt were married, last week—Mrs. Edna M. King is visiting Mrs. Sarah Miller.—Rey, W. P. Myers and family left, Wednesday, for their new home with the best wishes of many friends.—Mrs. Laura Olmstead of Ubrhricville visited here, last week—Mr. Jas. Manley of Wellsville and P. T. Brown of E. Liverpool spent Sunday here, the latter visiting his family. SPRINGFIELD—The Culture Assembly club met at Mrs. George Ducsewon's, on Wednesday evening. Subject: Shakespeare's Hamlet. The club is urged to study Judge A. W. Tourgee's works: "Bricks Without Straw," etc., etc.—The C. P. league held a very interesting meeting, Friday evening. The defeat of the McCord candidates for school board was cause for rejoicing. The members did their duty on election day. "Eternal vigilance is the price of Lebryth."—Mt. Zlon Baptist choir, under the direction of Miss Cora Cole, will soon begin rehearsals for their Christmas Cantata. Give your order for The Gazette, every week, to the agent.—Rev. Wm. H. McFerrin has been returned to Phillip's chapel, C. M. E. church. Rev. Theo. Stewart was given a circuit in Kentucky. HILLSBORO,—Mrs. Jennie Johnson returned from Cincinnati, Wednesday.—Mrs. Sarah Johnson entertained Mrs. Hazel Ames, at dinner, Sunday.—Wesleyan church's rally Sunday, netted over $100. Mrs. Mary Mason' of Lexington spent Sunday with relatives here and attended the rally.—Mrs. Zack Lewis of Springfield is visiting her mother, Mrs. Alline Burton.—The Baptist church rally, Sunday, was a success.—Rev. J. J. Burr preached at Gist settlement, Sunday. Rev. Harvey Johnson assisted him.—Rev. J. E. Harris, pastor, A. M. E. church, was returned here for another year.—Born to Mr. and Mrs. Clifford Zimmerman, last week, a daughter. His mother is here from Cincinnati, vla- Ring them.---Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Young and Mr. and Mrs. Lowls Goodson of Dayton returned, Frid- day evening. The latter spent the week-end here with relatives.---Mrs. Loulsa Young has been quite ill. MAMIE SMITH The Widely Known "Queen of Syn cation and Jazz," and Her Celebrated "Jazz Hounds" at The Globe, Next Week. Manager Bob Davis, of the popular Globe theatre, as you all know, always tries to secure for his many patrons the very best obtainable in the amusement world, and the week of Nov. 19 will again prove this. Mr. Davis has gone to great expense to secure Mamie Smith and her "Jazz Hounds" who, with now selections, special scenery and gorgeous costumes, will astound the local musical world. This is Mamie's first appearance in the East since her return from extensive engagements on the Coast, at the head of her own "company," "STRUTTING ALONG." Mamie Smith is rated as the greatest exponent of syncopation and jazz now on the American stage, and, according to the best critics, she is not likely to be displaced for some time to come. She is the first woman of the race to make a phonograph, record, and since the release of this record, "Crazy Blues," there has been a steady demand all over the United States for her records as well as for her personal appearance. Mamie Smith is one of the out-standing sensations of the race as a result of her records and she has done more than any other record star, white or black, to popularize the "blues" of today throut America and Canada. Her appearance here next week, will mark for lovers of "jazz" and "blues" one of the greatest events of the season. Mamie's gowns, by Madam Hammer of Paris and New York, and music especially arranged by the Rainbow Music Publishing Co. of New York, make this a certainty. OBITUARY. Andrew McSpadden, age 75, a Canadian by birth, a veteran of the war of the rebellion, and one of our best known and best-heloved residents of the "East End", for many years, died Saturday, at the Sandusky Soldiers' and Sailors' home, to which he had been admitted, last week Wednesday. Mr. McSpadden had been ill, several weeks, spending a few days of the time at St. Vincent's hospital just prior to being sent to the Sandusky home. Many of his closest friends did not learn of his illness until after his death and some not until after the funeral which was held. Monday morning, in Sandusky at the home and was attended by about a dozen close friends from this city, including Mr. G. C. Hascall in whose employ the deceased was for many years and who practically pensioned Mr. McSpadden, years ago. The deceased was a member of the G. A. R. and St. James' A. M. E. church and was one of the most loyal members of the race it has ever been our good fortune to know. For many years he was one of the editor of The Gazette's closest friends. A son and daughter, who live in Chicago, survive him, and have the sympathy of the community. The daughter, Mrs. Wilson of Chicago, arrived in the city, several weeks ago, having been notified of her father's illness. Aged Minister Wins! New Orleans, La.—Rev. M. H. Blackburn, 71 years old, of East Baton Rouge parish, was awarded judgment for $7,500 against relatives, recently, by a decision of the Supreme Court, as his share of the estate left by his wife. His Hand Blown Off! Turin, Italy.—Something of a sensation was created here by the fortitude shown by Lieut. Albergo, Negro officer in the Italian army, during an operation for injuries sustained when bombs were prematurely exploded before Premier Mussolini. When Albergo's hand was blown off he cried out: "Long live Mussolini." Italy's fair play toward her black soldiers produces such loyalty. HARVEY SPEELMAN HAS "JIM CROW" OFFICE FOR RACE Soventy-Eight Clerks Separated and Kept Apart From Those of The White Race ____ Washington, D. C.—The most complete, effective and the crassest type of segregation, a challenge to the fair-play sense of the Republican party and its new leadership, is found in the "jim crow" section of the office of Harvey V. Speelman, U. S. register of the treasury. What has been termed a "pen" on the top or sixth floor of the aforementioned building, at the extreme south end, set off by a temporary wall extending across the room to separate them from the whites on the same floor, in 1,800 square feet, with scant window space, about 78 Afro-American clerks are bound. On the same floor with ample space, were told when they appeared at the white exercises that they had no business in there, but should be on the sixth floor in the "pen." Segregation in the register's office is reported to have had its origin during the later days of the Wilson administration at the instance of A. J. Leakin (white), a man for a long time a minor clerk, a "deserving Democrat," who was suddenly thrust into a $3,000 per year position as division chief. To Afro-American employees' lot, it fell to come into his division. Immediately he created a "pen" by building a wall to separate colored and white employees. Through some mysterious politics this Democratic holdover and segregation promoter has been retained and even upheld by Harvey V. Speelman, hence unrest in the office under question, a virtual system of slavery and the recent but soon recalled verbal order delivered by our section superintendent to the effect that our women use separate lavatories. This order was quickly recalled, but no public reprimand has been given, nor has Harvey V. Speelman publicly fixed any responsibility. Under Speelman's regime, too, segregation has been extended by increasing the number in the "jim crow" section and by enlarging the "pen" space. These are facts, tested by investigation. President Coolidge, National Chairman Adams and the secretary of the treasury should be called upon and asked to remedy this disgraceful situation in an office the headship of which for over a quarter of a century was hallowed by the names of illustrious race leaders. "Emperor Jones in France. Paris, France.—French dramatic critics were distinctly impressed at the opening of the play at the Odeon the O'Neill's "The Emperor Jones." While some of the atmosphere was lost by the translator using full French, words and the spiritualist scene fell rather flat, the presentation was warmly received by a distinguished French audience. Benglia, the Senegalese actor, especially scored in the main part. Benglia qualified for the select Odeon direct from the Follies Bergers. From "Monelik's Country." From "Menikin's Country." New Concord, O. — Bashawaral Habtewold, age 26; Malaku Bayenage 24, and Worku Gobena, age 18; are three Abyssinian boys who are studying a college here. They sent by Rustu Rafa尔 prince regent of Abyssinia, now Ethiopia. Africa. They arrived in 1922 with a missionary. Worku is end on the Academy foot-ball team while Malaku is a sprinter, having won the 100-yard dash in the county track meet, last spring. The former will enter military life on his return home and the latter will take up engineering. SINGLE COPY FIVE CENTS SOME REASONS WHY NEGROES ARE LEAVING THE SOUTH South Carolina's Expenditures In Educating White and Colored Children Show Glaring Inequalities—Georgia Peonage. | | White | Negro | | :--- | :--- | :--- | | Population U. S. Census 1920 | 818,538 | $64,719* | | Total educational expenditure both races $10,034,049.96 | $1,119,142.62 | | | Teachers' Salaries— | | | | Mon | 1,366,276.71 | 211,195.27 | | Women | 4,850,630.51 | 634,713.91 | | Transportation of pupils | 88,903.94 | 63.00 | | Libraries | 1,310.03 | 85.59 | | Furniture and apparatus | 188,855.02 | 22,983.09 | | Grounds, buildings, repairs, rent | 1,970,944.22 | 187,053.63 | New York City. In connection with the estimated northward migration of 500,000 Negroes in one year, South Carolina's expenditures on the education of white and colored children are offered in evidence by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, 69 Fifth Avenue, as one of the chief causes disposing colored people to leave the South. The figures published by South Carolina's Department of Education show that ten times as much was spent on white as on Negro children, although the Negro population at the 1920 U.S. census exceeded the white population. The South Carolina educational statistics, covering the years 1922-1923, as compiled by Power W. Bethea, state supervisor of rural schools, and published in the Charleston News and Courier of Oct. 31, 1923, are as follows: Georgia Poinage. The N. A. A. C. P. is taking up with the federal department of justice a communication, from an Afro-American who escaped from Georgia, telling of peonage conditions there. The letter well answers the question as to why our people are leaving the South. It is as follows: "Gentlemen: As I cannot read or write, I got a friend to write this. Never in school in my life. I worked on this man's (name withheld for federal action) farm all my life. Never did get a cent for my labor until I ran away. I am 35 years old. All we Negroes got to eat was cornbread and bacon and few clothes. Prime Sport News Howard Wins From Virginia Normal, Washington, D. C.—Howard eleven won from the Va. N. & I. Institute team of Petersburg. Nov. 10, in the American League park here, by a score of 19 to 7. Tigers at Tate Field Royal Inn- Tigers defeated the Youngstown Booker A. C. team 6 to 0 at Tate Field. Sunday afternoon. A 40-yard run by Forbes resulted in the only touchdown of the game. He grabbed a forward pass and chased on to the goal. Siki. "A Real Puglist." New York City.—Tox Rickard has announced that Nov. 20 has been selected as the date of the meeting of Battling Ski, champion light heavyweight pugilist of the world, and Kid Norfolk, in a bout at Madison Square Garden, the Senegalese boxer having convinced him by two weeks of hard training that he is "seriously a pugilist." Isn't Rickard real amusing, at times? ELEMING NOT WANTED FLEMING NOT WANTED. Councilman Thomas W. Fleming lacked forty-eight votes of enough to make up the quota necessary to secure his re-election. These were given him from Councilman Herman Finkle's "surplus." This was permissible under the new plan of voting. On the face of the returns, Fleming received only 2915 votes in the third DISTRICT, which is made up of four or five wards. In round numbers, this is only 500 more votes than was allowed the writer, two years ago, in ward 11 alone, after 2600 votes had disappeared. And ward 11 is one of the wards in the third district of this city. Fleming was opposed by the ministers, white and colored, and by the great mass of the good people of the district, just as he was two years ago in ward 11, and his "vote" at the recent election is proof of the fact that he was not wanted, two years ago, as councilman of ward 11 and is not wanted now as a representative of the third district In the City Council. Fleming was on the "Republican organization's slate." This accounts for his "re-election." In the recent P. W. A. membership drive contest, Mrs. W. H. Gray brought in $167; Miss Pauline Millner, $130. The secretaries reported as follows: Miss Helen Roberts, $473; Mrs. Minerva Taylor, $475; Miss Beatrice Foster, $456; Miss P. E. Moreland, $313; Mrs. Madeline Fowler, $275. The total exceeded $3,000. IN UNION IS STRONGER E COPY FIVE CENTS onage WHY NEGROES ING THE SOUTH In Educating White and Colored qualities—Georgia Peonage. Four to 10-12 lived in a room-shack. This overseers carried stick, whip and gun. They whipped children, women and men. They would make men and women strip their clothes down and get on their knees and sometimes tie them to a plow and whip them from 25 to 100 lashes at a time. You dare to ask for money or anything else! Where I am now, I am getting paid, once every week, and buying a house. My wife has a job also and the children are going to school. "I did not know, before, there was living, in the world, for Negroes. If I send you my name would it be any danger of them carrying me back to Georgia? My own children never ever got any clothing scarcely there. "The overseer (in Georgia) ordered all the boys, last March or Carolina White $10,034,049.96 Negro $1,119,142.62 818,538 $64,719 1,366,276.71 211,195.27 4,850,630.51 634,713.91 88,903.94 53.00 1,310.03 85.59 188,855.02 22,983.09 1,970,944.22 187,053.63 the first of April, 15 years and down to leave off their pants and stay in their shirt-tails until cold weather, about the first of November. So what do you think of the Negroes leaving? Shirts generally come to the top of the knees. "Girls could not hide their nakedness. Overseers SEDUCED any young girl they wanted and parents could not help themselves. I would send my name but I don't want to go back to the farm. I never did commit a crime." The white man accused of poaching are lives in Atlanta, Ga., and has a farm from which many of our people are reported to have fled in recent months. Doings Of The Race We have 7 police-women in the United States. Twenty-four of our women are mail-carriers and 19 are "news-boys." Forty of our 116 postmasters are women. Over 12,000 of them are barbers, hairdressers and manicurists. Eleven white females and 22 of ours are shoe-shining. Twenty-two are shoe-makers. Bishop and Mrs. W. T. Vernon of the A. M. E. Church are en route to his field of labor in South Africa. Mr. and Mrs. Aaron Malone of St. Louis, of Poro College fame, after spending several months in the west, especially California, are in Mexico City, Mex. on a sight-seeling trip. They expect to return to St. Louis by Thanksgiving. Evelyn Robinson, Della Woode; and Zelda H. Peck, nurses of the Veterans' Hospital at Tuskegee, Ala., who were summarily dismissed by Col. Stanley, head of the hospital at the time, have been vindicated and ordered back to duty. Stanley was transferred to a Texas hospital, several months ago. M. Grattien Candace, deputy from Guadeloupe in the French parliament, and M. Isaac-Beton, assistant professor in a Parisian lycee, president and secretary respectively of the Du Bols Pan-African congress, have resigned office and membership in the congress. Editor W. E. B. Du Bols is in London, Eng., trying to prolong the threatened life of his pet hobby, the congress. Of our 35,442 public-school teachers, 29,189 are women, and 94 of them are 65 years of age and over. We have only 2310 stenographers in the U. S. and 1,970 are women. Book-keepers, 2,284, with 1,611 females: 113 female taxi-drivers, and 38,573 in all; 34 women-designers, 3 brick and stone-masons, 20 carpenters, 3 plasterers, 8 painters, glazers and varnishers, 11 "paper-hangers, 447 female: insurance agents, and 8 women who work in powder and dynamite factories. Mrs. Henry E. Baker Dead Mrs. Henry E. Baker Dead: Washington, D. C.—Mrs. Violetta Clark Baker, wife of Henry E. Baker, died here, the 24th ult. She was the daughter of the widely, celebrated original of the character "George Harris" in "Uacle Tom's Cabin". Mrs. Baker was born in Windsor, Canada, and educated in the public schools of Oberlin, O., and Detroit. After teaching for several years in the public schools of Lexington, Ky., she was appointed to a clerkship in the government service here. At the time of her death she was serving as a clerk in the Library of Cohgress. SUBSCRIPTION RATES (In Advance) One Year ..... $2.00 Six Months ..... 1.00 Subscribers are requested to remit by postoffice money order or reg- istered letter. Entered at the postoffice in Cleve land, Ohio, as second-class mail matter Address all communications to HARRY C. SMITH Editor and Proprietor THE GAZETTE Third St., Cleveland, Ohio Member Ohio Legislature: 1894 to 1896; 1896 to 1896; 1900 to 1902 THE GAZETTE is the oldest, and has the largest bona fide circulation, double that of any newspaper in the interest of Afro-Americans published in the state of Ohio, and comparison with any will immediately establish its rank as one of the NEWSIEST AND BEST in the country. 10,000,000 Afro-Americans. 350,000 in Ohio. 40,000 in Cleveland. SATURDAY NOV. 17, 1923. The constitutional amendment, providing for the elimination of the words "white male" from the qualifications of Ohio voters, was approved at the recent election with the result that the obsolete twinword relics of "the days before the war" (of the rebellion) have at last been wiped from the state constitution. It is something to feel thankful for, anyhow. --- New York City elected an Afro-American alderman and member of the Legislature. Both Democrats. All of our several (Republican) candidates for judgeships in Cleveland and Chicago were defeated. They, too, would have been elected if our people would only register and vote like they should and will be long. Many of our people, who came to the North in the last five or six years, are very slow in realizing the importance of voting, not having been accustomed to exercising the franchise. Southern disfranchisement "laws" are to blame for this. "A WAVE OF HYSTERIA." The National Conference board of N. Y. City, an organization affiliated with many large manufacturing concerns through the country, issued a "report," Monday, in which it said: "During 1916 and 1917, it was estimated that in a wave of hysteria approximately 400,000 Negroes left the south, as 'whole communities, entire streets of people, and even church congregations, headed by their pastors, moved north and located as units in the important industrial centers." No, the National Conference board report did not tell what caused that "wave of hysteria." It took good care not to do so. "Twas ever thus. Until many of the causes of that "wave of hysteria" are removed the steady migration of our people of the south to the North will continue. Nothing else can stop it. THE WAY TO PROHIBIT. A judge in New Haven has hit upon the only real means of enforcing the prohibition law—he has begun sending bootleggers to jail. That is the only way the prohibition law will ever be made effective. A bootlegger does not mind a fine of a few hundred dollars any more than some people mind paying a $2 fine for parking an auto near a fire plug. But going to jail gets the bootleggers' goat. It interferes with his business. A bootlegger who is merely fined feels grateful to the judge, for the payment of the fine makes the government a sort of partner in the business—a sharer in the nefarious profits. If the New Haven judge had jurisdiction throut the entire United States, there would be a quick end to the controversy over responsibility for non-enforcement of the law. There would be no non-enforcement. The amount of liquor a bootlegger can distribute while he is in jail won't make anybody drunk. HYSTERIACS IN ERROR. A former diplomat, who has recently traveled in Europe and compared conditions as he finds them with conditions as they are described in American newspapers and in circulars distributed for propaganda purposes, remarks that he is "beginning to lose faith in his fellow countrymen when he sees the credulity with which they swallow any weird tale without examination, then accept it as their own opinion and then get hysterical in defense of that opinion." His words accurately describe a very considerable number of our people and yet his language is not applicable to the great majority. It is true that a few get hysterical in their anxiety to have the United States "do something for Europe." There are some people who are so constituted that they can not think or act in a deliberate and logical manner. They are, as he says, ready to swallow a weird tale and, having accepted it as true, lose all sense of reason and proportion in their efforts to have that opinion adopted and acted upon by others. Some times we have had hysterical people of that kind in high official position. Just at present, however, the affairs and policies of the government are in the nands of men who think before they speak or act. Many months ago we were assured that unless the United States immediately departed from its traditional policies and undertook to settle the troubles of Europe, civilization would fall and chaos would rule throughout the world. After that sort of hysterical propaganda had been in progress for several months Secretary Hughes last December outlined for the benefit of Europe a plan by which its troubles could be ended. Nearly a year has passed since then. Europe did not act upon the suggestions, but civilization has not fallen nor has chaos taken possession of the world. Hysioceras were mistaken as usual. WHO IS BOSS OF AMERICA? Whether the United States is to determine its own immigration policy or have that policy dictated by European people who want to come here, is the question presented by the excess numbers of immigrants now coming to America. Recently there arrived in American ports 4,000 would-be immigrants in excess of the number that can be admitted under the law. Thus is presented for determination the question whether the law shall be set aside and nullified because 4,000 people want to come in. Of course, the plea is that these people have incurred the expense of coming here, and have severed their home ties. They have spent all they had in payment of cost of transportation. To send them back would be inhuman. That is the argument to be made in behalf of their admission, and the same argument can and will be made in behalf of thousands more if these 4,000 be admitted. Four thousand immigrants more or less may be of some consequence, but it is of relatively little consequence beside the greater and fundamental question whether our immigration policies are to be determined by ourselves or by Europeans. If the United States government is to surrender its right to say who shall come and when and how, then we might as well throw down the bars entirely, repeal the immigration laws and permit everybody to come who wants to come. Every American naturally feels sympathy for people who have landed here with the expectation of being permitted to stay. But we have ourselves to think of as well as them. We have been receiving an immigration which we have been unable to assimilate. We are menaced by a horde of aliens who are antagonistic to American ideals and American institutions. The immigration restriction law was enacted for the express and sole purpose of checking the flood of immigration so that we can Americanize those we have already admitted before we add tremendously to our burden. As President Coolidge recently remarked, we cannot expect people who come here in violation of our laws to be law-abiding after they get here. They are a constant menace to our institutions. Of course there are exceptions to this rule, but it is generally true. Men who are able to circumvent the law of the land in order to get in, will have no respect for that law of the nation after they get here. Having evaded the law in one respect, they will not hesitate to attempt evading it in other respects. The only safe procedure is to deport those who came in illegally. IS IT OF ANY USE TO CON TEND, FOR RIGHTS? Colored Americans are the only race, responsible members of which are in favor of submitting to discrimination on the claim that their race "always will be discriminated against." The Jews are still contending, after over 1900 years of universal discrimination, and are winning even social rights today. The Irish at home have contended for 700 years and are winning because they will die rather than submit. The race that says it's of no use to resist, dewns itself and the world then will say, "Negroes are not worthy of equal rights; they are by nature without self-respect and have no 'guts.'" The world respects only those who resent and resist proscriptions for race. Let us be worthy of the abolitionists, worthy of our own fathers who have died in every war to vindicate the title of their race to equal liberty, and forever resist denial of rights in our native land, however far we may come, we continue. To submit is to deserve contempt. — Boston (Mass.) Guardian. THE GAZETTE, CLEVELAND, O. SATURDAY, NOV. 17. 1923. OHIO'S ANTI-LYNCHING LAW LEADS COUNTRY IN EFFECTIVE LEGISLATION Against The Mob and Lynch-Murder—The Work of a Member of The Race—Also His Ohio Civil Rights Law Section 6278. "Mob" and "lynching" defined. 6279. "Serious injury" defined. 6280. Damages in case of assault. 6281. Damages in case of lynching. 6282. Damages recoverable by legal representative of victim of lynching. 6283. Perman suffering death or injury by mob trying to lynch another. 6284. Limitations of action. 6285. Order to include recovery and costs in tax levy. 6286. Guardian's custody, etc., fees. 6287. County's right of action against member of mob. 6288. County's right of action against another county. 6289. Non-relief from prosecution. Our mob-violence or anti-lynching bill was introduced in the Ohio legislature in 1894 and re-introduced in 1896. It took the Hon. Harry C. Jackson to the Senate. Jacquet three years to secure its enactment into law. The Ohio Supreme Court Section 6278. A collection of people assembled for an unlawful purpose and intending to do damage or injury to any one, or pretending to exercise correctional power over other persons by violence and without authority of law, shall be deemed a "mob" for the purpose of this chapter. An act of violence by a mob upon the body of any person shall constitute a "lyching" within the meaning of this chapter. (93 v. 161 2.) Section 6279. The term "serious injury," for the purpose of this chapter, shall include such injury as permanently or temporarily disables the person receiving it from earning a livelihood by manual labor. (93 v. 161 3.) Section 6280. A person taken from officers of justice by a mob, and assaulted with whips, clubs, missiles or in any other manner, may recover, as hereafter provided, a sum not to exceed one thousand dollars as damages from the county in which the assault is made. (93 v. 161 4.) Section 6281. A person assaulted and lynched by a mob may recover from the county in which such assault is made a sum not to exceed five hundred dollars; or, if the injury received therefrom is serious, a sum not exceeding one thousand dollars; or, if such injury result in permanent disability to earn a livelihood by manual labor, a sum not to exceed five thousand dollars. (93 v. 162 5.) Section 6282. The legal representative of a person dying from injuries received from lynching by a mob, may recover of the county in which such injury occurred, a sum not to exceed five thousand dollars damages for such unlawful killing. Such sum shall be applied to the maintenance of the family and education of the minor children of such person so lynched, if any survive him, until such children are of legal age, and then be distributed to the survivors, share and share alike, the widow receiving an amount equal to a child's share, there be no widow's minor children of such person so lynched, such sum shall be distributed among the next of kin according to the laws of the distribution of the personality of an intestate. Such sum so recovered shall not be a part of the estate of such person so lynched, nor be subject to any of his liabilities. ($83 v. 162 6. ) Section 6283. A person suffering death or injury from a mob attempting to lynch another person shall come within the provisions of this chapter. He or his legal representatives shall have a like right of action as one purposely injured or killed by such a mob. (93 v 162 6.) Section 6284. Action for the recoveries provided for in this chapter must be commenced, within two years from the date of such lynching, in any court having original jurisdiction of an action for damages for malicious assault. (93 v. 162 7.) Section 6285. An order to the commissioners of a county, against which such recovery is had, to include it with the costs of action, in the next succeeding tax levy for such county, shall be a part of the judgment in every such case. (93 v. 162 8.) Section 6226. If the decedent so lynched has minor children surviving him, the fund shall be turned over to a regularly appointed guardian. Such guardian shall administer such fund under the direction of the probate judge, allowing not more than five hundred dollars for counsel fees in the action for such recovery. (93 v. 162 9.) Section 6227. The county, in which a lynching occurs, may recover the amount of a judgment and costs against it in favor of the legal representatives of the person lynched by the mob. From any of the persons composing such mob. A person present, with hostile intent, at such lynching shall be deemed a member of the mob and be liable to such action. (93 v. 162 10.) Section 6228. If a mob carries a prisoner into another county, or comes from another county to commit violence on a prisoner brought from such county for safekeeping, the county in which the lynching is committed may recover the amount of the judgment and costs from the county from which the mob came, unless there was contributory negligence on the part of officials of such county in the failure to protect such prisoner. Heilpurse such mob. (93 v. 163 11.) Section 6228. This chapter shall not relieve a person concerned in such lynching from prosecution for homicide or assault for engaging therein. (93 v. 163 12.) OUR OHIO CIVIL RIGHTS LAW Upon the request of many readers of The Gazette we print below the text of the Hon. Harry C. Smith's (93 v. 163 11.) Right which the editor had enacted while a member of the 71st General Assembly, in 1844. has several times upheld the law and it has been very effective. Only one other state (Illinois) in this country has such a law and it is largely a copy of our Ohio law. Here it is—(in Ohio's statutes) under the heading OBS. med. big. al representative of victim of lynching. jury by mob trying to lynch another. and costs in tax levy. less. inst member of mob. inst another county. The General Code of Ohio: Sec. 12940. Whoever, being the proprietor or his employee, keeper or manager of an inn, restaurant, eating house, bar-sharer, public conveyance by land or water, theater or other place of public accommodation and amusement, denies to a citizen, except for reasons applicable alike to all citizens and regardless of race or color, the full enjoyment of the accommodation, the largerages or privileges thereof, shall be fined not less than fifty dollars nor more than five hundred dollars, or imprisoned not less than thirty days nor more than ninety days, or both. Sec. 12941. Whoever violates the next preceding section shall also pay not less than fifty dollars nor more than five hundred dollars to the person aggrieved thereby to be recovered in the competent jurisdiction in the county where such offense was committed. --- This law has repeatedly been held constitutional and good law by the Ohio Supreme court. The trouble is our people will not use it as often as they should, but expect it to do for them what they should and must do for themselves, under it, in the courts. Judge Grant's Opinion of the Law. Misled by the coolishly manufactured outey for the passage of the Beaty bill, a few years ago, the Akron Beacon Journal published an editorial to which the editor of The Gazette replied, calling its attention to the fact that the Ohio Civil Rights law was good law and did not need amending. The following letter from Judge Grant former presiding judge of the Court of Appeals of the Elight District of Ohio, is self explanatory: Akron, O., April 25, 1919. Hon. Harry C. Smith. LOVE THE Gazette, Cleveland, O. My Dear Sir, Invite your letter in the Beacon-Journal this city. I venture to send you, under a separate cover, the Ohio Law Reporter of Feb. 3, last, containing the opinion of the Court of Appeals in the Puritan Lunch Co. vs. Leonard H. Forman, decided in Akron, last fall, in which a judgment for ($500) five hundred dollars was sustained. If the Beacon-Journal had known that as going on in its own town, there was no occasion for criticism editorially, THE LAW OF OHIO IS UNDER NO REPROACH, nor our courts and juries, in administering it. Not a word was said by the Beacon-Journal when the Forman case was reviewed. Very truly yours. R. C. Grant. FACTS People who Advertise Can sell Goods. People who sell Goods Can make Money. People who make Money can advertise goods. The Best Advertising Medium is "The Old Reliable" GAZETTE. REMARKS ABOUT ADVERTISING People go where they are invited —A. T. Stewart. Advertising is as necessary an expenditure as the payment of taxes or rent.—W. Atlee Burpee. Constant and persistent advertising is a sure prelude to wealth—Stephen Girard. Nothing except the mint can make money without advertising.—W. E. Gladstone. Printer's ink will make more of the public wear a pathway to your store. See? The merchant who considers riches a burden should never advertise. His store may be like a summer resort in January. Do YOU advertise? While it is true that occasional advertising will bring extra business, it is equally true that constant, persistent advertising will keep business growing during "dull days." The merchant who never advertises under any circumstance or condition may imagine he is wise, but his competence have no desire to disturb his imagination. It's a good time to "get awake." 11 Your Big Opportunity Do you want to make big money quicker and easier than ever before? Do you want to give your full time or spare time and be handsomely paid for it? IF SO, BECOME A PORO AGENT PORO COLLEGE or a nearby PORO AGENT will teach you the PORO SYSTEM quickly at small cost, and show you how. There are openings for enterprising, ambitious Race Women, as our representatives, to supply the nation-wide demand for PORO HAIR AND TOILET PREPARATIONS AND PORO TREATMENTS and to teach the PORO SYSTEM OF HAIR AND BEAUTY CULTURE. Thousands are earning big money through PORO ENING ANOUNCE Millinery and Fur Manufact Announces to Its Many Customers and The Opening of Its Remodeled Sto 5511 Woodland Avenue, Corner East 5 Creations in Ladies' Hats at Moderate OPENING ANOUNCEMENT Fitwell Millinery and Fur Manufacturing Co. Announces to Its Many Customers and Friends The Opening of Its Remodeled Store at 5511 Woodland Avenue, Corner East 55th Street The Newest Creations in Ladies' Hats at Moderate Prices Will Be Shown S SPECIAL FOR THE OPENING WEEK 500 latest style Hats, worth from $5 to $10. Special ..... ALSO SHOW A VERY FINE LINE Remodeling on Furs Promptly Made at FUR MILLINERY & FUR MAIN STORE, 5511 WOODLAND A BRANCH STORES n St. WE ALSO SHOW A VERY FINE LINE OF FURS All Remodeling on Furs Promptly Made at Reasonable Cost FITWELL MILLINERY & FUR MFG. CO. THE BOSTON 4907 Wool CLEARANCE Everything H REDUCED Universal ..Bur Employment Collect Special Campaign and Real Estate, Invest Business and Indus Surveys, Special D Distributors Advertising --- S 917 E. 105th St. Patronize Our Advertisers A Beauty Secret LONG FINE HAIR Thousands are successfully using the wonderful preparation that changes short, coarse hair into long, lovely, silky tresses. Gives the hair a beautiful, glossy sheen, stops dandruff and itching scalp, and puts glowing health into brittle, lifeless hair. This truly marvelous preparation is called You can quickly obtain straight, silky, beautiful hair if you use Exelento. Another great beauty help is EXELENTO SKIN BEAUTIFIER, a delightful cream that removes skin blemishes and clears up dark, sallow complexions. At your druggist's, or sent postpaid, for 25c, for either Pomade or Beautifier. EXELENTO MEDICINE CO., Atlanta, Ga. AGENTS WANTED EVENTWHERE Write For Particulars 4300 St. Ferdinand Avenue ST. LOUIS, MO., U. S. A. DEPT. G NOUNCEMENT Fur Manufacturing Co. By Customers and Friends Is Remodeled Store at e, Corner East 55th Street Mats at Moderate Prices Will Be SK HOW A VERY FINE LINE OF FURS on Furs Promptly Made at Reasonable Cost LINERY & FUR MFG. C STORE, 5511 WOODLAND AVE. BRANCH STORES 4953 Woodland Better Than a Mustard Plaster MUSTEROLE WILL NOT BLISTER For Coughs and C ache, Neuralgia, R and All Aches a ALL DRUGG 35c and 65c, jars a Hospital size, $ THE BOSTON STO 4907 Woodland Ave. CARANCE SALE Everything Being Sold at REDUCED PRICES iversal Servi ..Bureau.. Cent Collections Book Special Campaign and Organization E real Estate, Investments and Insur business and Industrial Opportunit surveys, Special Data and Informati Distributors Press Agents Advertising and Publicity THE BOSTON STORE 4907 Woodland Ave. CLEARANCE SALE! Everything Being Sold at REDUCED PRICES! Universal Service ..Bureau... Employment Collections Booking Agents Special Campaign and Organization Experts Real Estate, Investments and Insurance Business and Industrial Opportunities Surveys, Special Data and Information Distributors Press Agents Advertising and Publicity Office: 1427 Druid Hill Ave., BALTIMORE, MD. --- --- CEMENT Manufacturing Co. and Friends Store at 55th Street Use Prices Will Be Shown EK to INE OF FURS at Reasonable Cost UR MFG. CO. D AVE. 4953 Woodland Ave. For Coughs and Colds, Headache, Neuralgia, Rheumatism and All Aches and Pains ALL DRUGGISTS 35c and 65c, jars and tubes Hospital size, $3.00 BOTTON STORE Boodland Ave. NCE SALE! Being Sold at ED PRICES! al Service reau.. Sections Booking Agents and Organization Experts Investments and Insurance Industrial Opportunities Data and Information Press Agents ing and Publicity --- MAMIE SMITH 1960 Okeh Records Have set a new milestone in the history of the race movement. A large demand has always existed for records by race artists particularly in the South. There were many melodies dear to the heart of every colored person—melodies that for generations, "Mammys" have crooned to their little ones. Chants sung in the southern moonlight to the tune of the banjo. These songs were preserved by singing them from generation to generation in the home, and race artists and minstrels have sung them in their "skits" and "shows" as they traveled over the country. Okeh recognized this need, and decided to record songs and melodies that had an appeal to the colored race. They were forced to go slow at the start, as they were the only pioneers in the field. Mamie Smith, the greatest of all race artists, was chosen to make the first recording which was released in July, 1920. The demand for this record was so great that, with this encouragement, more records were released. Suddenly, from out of the South, a wave of "jazz" and "blues" swept the entire country. This innovation justified taking longer strides than could have been taken under ordinary conditions. Mamie Smith became known as the "Colored Queen of Syncopation." Gradually the repertoire of Okeh race artists has been increased. Esther Bigeou, Lizzie Miles, Sara Martin, Clarence Williams, Shelton Brooks, Eva Taylor and other well known artists are now recording for Okeh. Today, Okeh race records are supreme because of their crystal clear recordings, volume and music composed and recorded especially for them by their own race artists. OKeh Records MAMIE SMITH RECORDS Mamie Smith, the first woman of the race to become prominent on phonograph records, was discovered by Okeh, and made famous through her records. Mamie is the greatest "Queen of Syncopation" of them all. Here is a complete list of her records right up to the May release. Be sure you have them all. 4781 10 in. 75—YOU'VE GOT TO SEE MAMMA EV'RY NIGHT (Or You Can't See Mamma At All) (Billy Rose-Con Conrad) Mamie Smith and Her Jazz Hounds. I'M GONNA GET YOU (Grainger-Bob Ricketts), Mamie Smith and Her Jazz Hounds. 4681 10 in. 75c—DEM KNOCK-OUT BLUES (Geo. Butts), Mamie Smith and Her Jazz Hounds, MEAN DADDY BLUES (F, Hamburger-I. Bloom-J. Durante), Mamie Smith and Her Jazz Hounds. 4680 10 in. 75c—LONESOME MAMA BLUES (A. W. Brown-E. Nickel-Billie Brown), Mamie Smith and Her Jazz Hounds. NEW ORLEANS (Vaughn De Leath), Mamie Smith and Her Jazz Hounds. The Records of Quality CENTRAL DISTRICT A SHOPPE WITH SOME CLASS Come in and get your latest Mamie Smith Records. Complete Stock. Records, Music Rolls, Sheet Music, Musical Instruments, Victrolas, Player Pianos, Etc. 3808 Centra Ave. Bell Phone Cleveland, Ohio THE GAZETTE, CLEVELAND, O. SATURDAY, NOV. 17, 1923 Okeh Records Sung By AMIE SMI The Pioneer Records by Race Artists GLOBE THEATR The Pioneer Records by Race Artists Woodland & E. 55th St. Week Commencing Monday Nov. 19th MATINEES MONDAY, TUESDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY MAMIE SMTH (Exclusive Okeh Artist) AND HER JAZZ HOUNDS WHAT SOME OF THE CRITICS HAVE TO SAY OF MAMIE SMITH ON HER WESTERN TOUR RISCO CALL: "Mamie Smith is to her race, what Sophie Tucker is to the white." NU RISCO EXAMNER: "Mamie Smith is the greatst 'Blues' singer on the American stage. ACRAMENTO BEE: "Not since the days of Black Patti Brown has a colored woman such international fame as Mamie Smith." GREAT FALLS: "Lovers of jazz and syncopation, here is your chance. Go to see Mamie and her jazz hounds." ACK DEMPSEY: "Mamie Smith with her special scenery and gorgeous costumes will the musical world." Week Commencing Monday Nov. 19th MATINEES MONDAY, TUESDAY, SATURDAY, SUNDAY MAMIE SMTH (Exclusive Okeh Artist) AND HER JAZZ HOUNDS SACRAMENTO BEE: "Not since the days of Black Patti Brown has a colored woman obtained such international fame as Mamie Smith." GREAT FALLS: "Lovers of jazz and syncopation, here is your chance. Go to see Mamie Smith and her jazz hounds." JACK DEMPSEY: "Mamie Smith with her special scenery and gorgeous costumes will astound the musical world." Two Shows Nightly, Starting at 6:30 and 9:00 P. M. Seats ARE NOT Reserved—First Come First Seated. Balcony..35c War Tax Included Orchestra..55c MID-NITE SHOW SATURDA Orchestra..55c All Seats WILL BE Reserved for the Mid-Nite Show. All Seats for Mid-Nite Show Will Be 55c War Tax Included. Always On The Job Hear them at The Globe Theater. If you like them, buy them at PICKETT'S MUSIC STORE 4921 SCOVILL AVE. Buy Here Once and You'll Come Again Pickett, Prop. Cleveland, Ohio Cleveland, Ohio --- 4113 10 in. 75c-THAT THING CALLED LOVE (P. Bradford), Contraito with Rega Orchestra; Mamie Smith, YOU CAN'T KEEP A GOOD MAN DOWN (P. Bradford), Contraito with Rega Orchestra; Mamie Smith. 4926-LADY LUCK BLUES, KANSAS CITY MAN BLUES, Acc. Harlem Trio. 4960-PLAIN OLD BLUES, MISTREATIN' DADDY BLUES, Plano acc. 4935-GOOD LOOKING PAPA, YOU CAN'T WHAT MY LAST MAN DID, piano acc. (by Clarence Williams). The Records Of Quality