The Gazette

THE MANAGER-PLAN MEETING A FROST! IN UNION IS STRENGTH FORTY-SIXTH YEAR THE IRELAND 8518 PRO Under No Modern with every convenience and ten 1 and 2-room suites Catering to Translators ROOMS BY Best Hotel Environment GEO. E. Phone HEn TWO INTER By JOSEPH 516 Manhattan FADEOUT Tells how and why our pet Their Constitutional Right discussion of the Klan Price $1.00. Free This is Mr. Manning's life 187 It is "worth the price" BOTH BOOKS Send Orders to Mr. Man Do Not Vote Charter SIXTH YEAR. No. 52. THE MANY THE IRENE HOTEL 3518 PROSPECT AVENUE Under New Management with every convenience. Every room with private and telephone service. 1 and 2-room suites priced to meet every purse. Catering to Transient and Permanent Guests. ROOMS BY DAY OR WEEK. Best Hotel Environment and Surroundings in O. GEO. E. O'NEILL, Prop. Phone HEnderson 8780—1—2 TWO INTERESTING BOOKS By JOSEPH C. MANNING 516 Manhattan Ave., New York City FADEOUT OF POPULISM Now and why our people of the South are dependent on Constitutional Rights. Brought down to discussion of the Klan and Anti-Saloon League Policy. Price $1.00. From Five to Twenty-Fifths. Mr. Manning's life story embracing the period 1870 to 1895. is "worth the price of admission". Price $1.00. BOTH BOOKS FOR $1.50. Orders to Mr. Manning at His New York Address. Do Not Be Misle FORTY-SIXTH YEAR. No. 52. THE IRENE HOTEL Under New Management Modern with every convenience. Every room with private bath and telephone service. 1 and 2-room suites priced to meet every purse. Catering to Transient and Permanent Guests. ROOMS BY DAY OR WEEK. Best Hotel Environment and Surroundings in Ohio. GEO. E. O'NEILL, Prop. Phone HEnderson 8780----1----2 --- TWO INTERESTING BOOKS By JOSEPH C. MANNING 516 Manhattan Ave., New York City. Tells how and why our people of the South are deprived of Their Constitutional Rights. Brought down to date by discussion of the Klan and Anti-Saloon League Politics. Price $1.00. From Five to Twenty-Five, This is Mr. Manning's life story embracing the period from 1870 to 1895. It is "worth the price of admission". Price $1.00. BOTH BOOKS FOR $1.50. Send Orders to Mr. Manning at His New York Address. Do Not Be Misled! Vote For The Charter Amendment ON AUGUST 20, 1929, And Open The CITY HOSPITAL TO OUR INTERNEES ITS NURSES' TRAINING SCHOOL TO OUR GIRLS. City Manager Hopkins termed our people from the "A MENACE TO THE COMMUNITY"! FREE EXTRACTION With Plate and Bridge Work And Open The HOSPITAL TO OUR INTERNS ITS NURSES' TRAINING SCHOOL TO OUR GIRLS. manager Hopkins termed our people from the "A MENACE TO THE COMMUNITY"! FREE EXTRACTION With Plate and Bridge Work CITY HOSPITAL TO OUR INTERNES, AND ITS NURSES' TRAINING SCHOOL, TO OUR GIRLS. City Manager Hopkins termed our people from the South "A MENACE TO THE COMMUNITY"! FREE EXTRACTION! X-Ray Gas Administered. Special Attention to Children Dr. L. L. Ellison, Dent 201-3 Woodland Market Bldg., 5400 Woodland 'Phone, RAn, 1454. D. L. L. Ellison, Dent Woodland Market Bldg., 5400 Woodland 'Phone, RAn. 1454. 201-3 Woodland Market Bldg., 5400 Woodland Ave. 'Phone, RAn, 1454. DR. E. A. BAILEY Physician and Surgeon Special Attention Women 201-3 Woodland Market 'Phone, Office, RAn. 2300 Special Attention to Chronic Diseases Women and Men Woodland Market Bldg., 5400 Woodland Rue, Office, RAn. 2306. Res., CEdar Special Attention to Chronic Diseases of Women and Men 201-3 Woodland Market Bldg., 5400 Woodland Ave. 'Phone, Office, RAn. 2306. Res., CEdar 1178. THE GAZETTE ESTABLISHED, AUGUST 25, 1883 And Issued Every Week on Time Since CLEVELAND, OHIO, SATURDAY, AUGUST 10, 1929. FRESH OHIO NEWS FRESH OHIO NEWS WRITTEN BY "THE OLD RELIABLE" GAZETTE'S CORRESPONDENTS. What Our People Are Doing Each Week—Church, Personal, Social, Lodge, Literary and Musical—Marriages, Deaths, Etc. SANDUSKY.—The corner stone of Ebenezer Baptist church, Depot St., this city, was laid, July 28th, by local Elks who paraded from their hall thru the principle streets of the city to the church. The Elks' band, composed of young men and women of both races, featured the parade, Editor J. Finley Wilson of Washington, D. C., G. E. R., conducted the ceremonies, ably assisted by, Col. Sidney B. Thompson, G. E.; S. C. Glenn and Perry B. Jackson, exalted rulers of Cuyahoga and King Tutt lodges, respectively, of Cleveland, and other state and local officers from other Ohio cities. The pastor of Ebenezer Baptist church is Rev. R. L. Hicks. day a wealthy white family donated $3,000 on a new pipe organ.—Rev. H. F. Fox, former pastor of St. James, A. M. E. church, died at Barnesville where he pastored the past three years. Funeral Monk, from the local A. M. E. church, Rev. J. W. Woodson and Rev. E. L. Liggins officiating, assisted by 17 visiting ministers. There was a large attendance from surrounding towns. The maens turned out in a body. Interment in Cadiz cemetery. Rev. Fox was highly esteemed for his splendid character and ability. He has left legions of friends to mourn his loss.—Mr. and Mrs. J. P. Lucas motored to Coshocton, last Sunday. CORRESPONDENTS must mail all letters for publication at their main postoffice sufficiently early on Sunday or Monday of each week to have them reach The Gazette office on Tuesday morning, and always write their names and that of their city or town on the outside of the wrapper about returned copies, if proper credit for them is desired. Lists of names, wedding presents, programs, gifts and advertisements of all kinds, including items announcing entertainment to be held in the near future, must be paid for in advance at the rate of 20 cents a line, six words to a line. Our rates for display advertisements will be sent on application. CADIZ.—Miss Rosa Hython delightfully entertained forty-two young people at Mrs. Minaela Kaleen home, Miss May Brown of New Castle, Pa. Mr. and Mrs. Henry Thompson of Smithfield were guests of Mrs. Alexander, the past week. A spelling match was held at Simpson M. E. church, Tuesday night.—Miss Helen Lucas has returned from a visit in Suffolk, Va. and Washington, D. C.—Mrs. Clara Harris and daughter, Katherine, of Troy were guests of Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Johnson who entertained in their honor, Thursday evening.—A number of young people were guests of John A. M. E. church of that city has been sold for $65,000. The congregation will soon begin the erection of a new brick and stone church. Last Mon- CHARTER AMENDMENT MEETINGS AND SPEAKERS Gans-Baker Draw. New York City—Sergt. Sammy Baker, slugging soldier welterweight from Mitchell Field, N. Y., and Baby Joe Gans, one of our California aces, battled to a ten-round draw in their bout at the Queensboro Stadium, Tuesday night. They staged a torpedo attack that caught Gans, gave each the edge in three rounds with four of them called even. Gans got off ahead, dropping Baker for a count of seven in the second round. He held this margin until the last two frames when Baker, formerly one of the leaders in his class, staged a strong comeback to gain the decision. The soldier opened a cut over Gan's eye in the ninth round that hampered him considerably and allowed him win both rounds. Baker weighed 143 $\frac{1}{2}$ pounds; Gans 142. day a wealthy white family donated $3,000 on a new pipe organ.—Rev. H. F. Fox, former pastor of St. James. A. M. e. church, died at Barnesville where he pastored the past three years. Funeral, Mcaday, from the local A. M. e. church, Rev. J. W. Woodson and Rev. E. L. Liggins officiating, assisted by 17 visiting ministers. There was a large attendance from surrounding towns. The masons turned out in a body. Interment in Cadiz cemetery. Rev. Fox was highly esteemed for his splendid character and ability. He has left legions of friends to mourn his loss.—Mr. and Mrs. J. P. Lucas motored to Coshocton, last Sunday. "POTENTIAL MENACES" SAYS MANAGER HOPKINS Dr. Gregg's Letter Taking Hopkins to Task Misher of Miserable Statement Jan. 14, 1925. Mr. W. R. Hopkins, City Manager, Cleveland, Ohio. Dear Sir:—Permit me to call attention to an article, which appeared on Page seven of The Cleveland Plain Deal's issue of Saturday, "military tent" called caption: "phillis Theatley Called defense", containing the following in part, and accredited to you: "I don't know of any problem confronting the city, that contains more potential menace than the fact that 40,000 southern Negroes have been dumped into Cleveland within the last few years. We were fortunate in our Colored population, here, before the war. It had a real aristocracy, and no question about it. There was Charles Chesnut, nationally prominent in letters, and many who were distinguished in scholarship and leadership. This aristocracy constitutes today what I might call our first defense." After careful analysis of these statements, I am sure you will easily understand that these 40,000 persons, many of whom are loyal citizens of Cleveland, are anxious to understand in our various bands by these new citizens, the tax valuation of property, purchased by them, and the many new business developments, started by them are the Surgeon General of progressive citizenship do not come from people who can be classed as "potential menaces". Unfortunately for both of us, you may have become prejudiced thru daily contact with that menace-creating type of Negro—all of whom are not recently from the South. But, I invite you, however, to seek occasional contact with those of us who have a full sense of our civic duty, and permit yourself to learn something of our home and social life. I feel sure that after such contact you would readily change your outlook. Personally, I am a supporter of the Phillis Wheatley Association, and am thoroughly in accord with its ultimate aim. I also believe firmly that the support of the white people of Cleveland should be freely EDITOR HELD UP! THE BANDIT CAUGHT After Holding Up a Woman and Taking Her Pocket-Book— the Woman's Pocket-Book Given a Thoro Mauling. As the editor of The Gazette was about to enter his home, Tuesday night, a bandit of color a little above the adult with the rifle in his pocket jammed the hand against the editor's stomach and quietly said: "Stick 'em up!" This the editor refused to do. The order was repeated, with the warning that he, the thief, would kill the editor if he yelled. The editor still refused to "stick 'em up." Whereupon, the highwayman asked: "Do you want me to kill you?" To which the editor replied: "Go ahead and kill!" Rev. and Mrs. J. W. Ribbins and several persons across the street (E. 30th near Central) about 300 feet away, were witnesses. Noticing this, the editor said to the bandit just as Rev. Ribbins stepped off his porch and started toward him: "Don't you see all the people looking. Whereupon, the bandit came an alley to E. 29th St, then down E. 29th to the north-side of Central Ave, where he held a woman in an auto, taking her pocket-book. The latter screamed, attracting the attention of her husband, who conducts a poolroom in front of which the auto stood. He and others ran out of the poolroom and saw the highwayman running east on Central Ave. toward E. 30th St. All, including the woman, dashed after him, the latter screaming as she ran. The crowd overtook the bandit in the alley next to the old Z club building, recovering the pocket-book and giving the thief a thoro beating. All of his pursuers were members of the race. The husband called a taxi and the arrival of his friends took the thief to the alley. Recovering where the editor identified him about a half hour later. All this happened because Color-Line City Manager Hopkins continues to refuse to furnish that precinct with proper police protection—a sufficient number of police patrolling the precinct in addition to the few riding around in Ford cars. sought in this kind of endeavor. But in seeking such support from white citizens, it hardly seems fair to brand our group as a "potential menace", in order to create sentiment for crimes. But I think that a high public official, even in this should be tolerant and patient to some extent; for this ignorance is the white man's sin. We worked patently for nearly three hundred years, warning your people, that they might become cultured, and be born rich; and still there is equal need among your people for social workers to help adjust your criminal and social problems. If the reverse had been true—if your people had been enslaved—we should be kindly disposed, and in this present generation, be willing to give you a chance. In conclusion, I am sure that you will agree with me that moral and civil law demand, that every normal individual be considered innocent until proven guilty, and surely you cannot, as City Manager, intend to press upon your rest of Cleveland that you would condemn, in the blanket way your statement avers, the 40,000 newcomers to Cleveland. How could 40,000 of us whom you claim have been dumped into Cleveland, in the face of such statements feel safe in seeking justice at the hands of a public official who considers us to be potential menaces? * * * * Very truly yours for a more def Very truly yours for a more definite racial knowledge, E. J. Gregg, M. D., 2316 East 55th St. Doings of the Race Our National Bankers Association will meet in Washington, D. C., Sept. 19 and 20. Afro-American engineers, architects, chemists, physicists, and technicians will hold their second national convention in Chicago, Aug. 17 and 18. Congressman La Guardia, Republic candidate for mayor of New York City, in a speech, recently, announced to our people of that city that he had asked Chief Justice of the U. S. Supreme Court Wm. Howard Taft, former President, to remove Federal Judge Martineau, a southerner, sitting in the U. S. District court in New York City, because he severely rebuked and dismissed from service a white jury that refused to indict a member of the race for an alleged liquor violation. Congressman La Guardia also promised to ask for Judge Martineau's impeachment on the reassembling of Congress. In speaking of the three daily newspapers' support of the miserable manager plan and Color-Line City Manager Hopkins at a meeting of the 30th Ward Republican club. E. 139th St. and Kinsman Rd. Tuesday evening, Former-Gov. Harry L. Davis said: "Why are they all against the amendment? It is because one of the newspapers is afraid Peter Witt will be elected mayor if the amendment passes, and the other two are afraid I will be elected. That's the reason." THE GAZETTE is the oldest class publication of the kind, and has the largest bona fide circulation among Ohio Afro-Americans, double that of any other newspaper published in this or any other state, and comparison with any will immediately establish its rank as one of the NEWSIEST AND BEST published in the interest of Afro-Americans. THE COPY FIVE CENTS TROST! CAPTURE IT EASILY! AUDIENCE IN SYMPATHY WITH THEM. Save All a Good Time—Walk- xhibition—The Editor's -Charter Amendment meetings. SINGLE COPY FIVE CENTS HECKLERS CAPTURE IT EASILY! OVER HALF THE AUDIENCE IN SYMPATHY WITH THEM. Meade, Ellis and Shaw Gave All a Good Time—Walker's Stupendous Exhibition—The Editor's Letter to Him—Charter Amendment Meetings. --- The Progressive Government (manager plan) committee campaign which opened, last week Thursday night, at Shiloh Baptist church did not get a very encouraging start, it seems. There were possibly 200 people in the large church, at least half of them Charter Amendment supporters. Rev. C. C. Aller in charge of the manager plan campaign in our wards. Atty. Jas. Metzenbaum, Dwight Williams, chairman of the meeting; Rev. Russel Brown, councilman, were sure given a "hot time" to speak to him. I am Emnett. Meade, Clarence Shaw and others. Aller had hardly finished speaking when Mr. Meade "took him", asking this question: "Why have you changed from the support of the Charter Amendment in the past two years; has the leopard changed its spots?" "A wise man changes his mind, a fool never does," replied Aller. Whereupon Mr. Meade asked "has Mr. Hopkins changed?" This sally was greeted with loud aplause and much laughter. "Just answer this—what is wrong with voting for a mayor", asked Mr. Ellis. "And is there any way in the world under a ward plan that we can be kept from getting four councilmen instead of three." Metzenbaum who had been put forward to answer questions said: "I can't answer your question about the wards. I am not versed in figures." Clarence Shaw, former deputy sheriff under Fred Kohler, then asked: "Why did Hopkins say we were a potential menace to the community?" Metzenbaum said: "I don't know that he ever said that and I doubt it. If he did, that's a matter for him to answer." Then Dr. Jas. Owen said: "We either ought to put these men out and go on with our meeting or have them keep quiet", to which Mr. Meade replied: "I am not sure I set nothing out of politics, but came to this meeting as a result of an invitation your advertisement gave the public." Metzenbaum then started his speech in which he asked why the Charter Amendment was drafted to prevent any investigation of a mayor who it could give the mayor the right to investigate all other city officers. Mr. Meade then asked "If there was crookedness in a mayor's administration, couldn't it be investigated just as it was under Mr. Hopkins"? "Why could", said Metzenbaum "but why always depend on Ray T. Miller"? "Because he's an honest man", said Meade. Then a series of questions brot out the fact that Metzenbaum, a leading manager plan speaker, was not a resident of Cleveland but of Lakewood. Piqued at this, Metzenbaum came back at the questioner with this: "But here, my friend, answer me this—where does Mr. Davis come to?" To this, Mr. Davis is not running for office" which turned the laugh on Metzenbaum. Many other questions were asked all serving to greatly disconcert the speakers. Councilman Russell Brown arose to make an explanation of Clarence Shaw's change from the support of the manager plan, last year, to the support of the Charter Amendment this year, much to the edification of the very large number of Charter Amendment supporters in the meeting. Rev. D. O. Walker, who it seems only secured citizenship papers in June of this year, closed the meeting with a characteristically verbose talk in which occurred the following: "The colored newspapers won't print anything for our side. They wanted money and didn't get it. One paper wanted $600, but these business men downtown don't give money to just anybody who says has influence, but they want out for the three-D amendment. Another paper wanted $1,000—it hasn't got 1,000 circulation." The foregoing is of course only a silly campaign statement which the following self-explanatory communication clears up, as far as "The Old Reliable" Gazette is concerned: Stunnendous Exhibition of "Nerve Stupendous Exhibition of "Nerve and Gall." Cleveland, O., Aug. 2, '29. Rev. B. Walker. 8401 Cedar Lake, City. Sir: -This morning's Plain Dealer quotes you as saying, last night, in a speech at Shiloh Baptist church: "The colored newspapers won't print anything for our side. They wanted money and didn't get it. One paper wanted $600, but these business men downtown don't give money to just anybody who says he has influence. So that paper came out for the Three-D amendment. The other paper wanted $1,000—it hasn't got 1,000 circulation". Since there are three "colored newspapers" in the city, I want to ask you if any of the foregoing has reference to my paper, The Gazette? If so, I wish to say to you that somebody has misinformed you, at least so far as The Gazette is concerned, and also to say that a repetition of any part of the foregoing, if applied C. George. to The Gazette, will make the person so expressing himself a contemptible liar! I trust you understand. For a West Indian person who applied for citizenship papers in June of this year, it strikes me that your exhibition of "nerve and gall" in taking such active part in the politics of the city of Cleveland and Cuyahoga County, at this time and in the past year or two, is stupendous. My paper, The Gazette, has constituted an amendment in each of its campaigns, its editor also campaigning for it, as you well know. Harry C. Smith, Editor. The Gazette. The manager plan advocates are sure dying hard, realizing that they are facing sure defeat on Aug. 20. '29. While the pertinent heckling was taking place at Shiloh Baptist church, three harmonious Charter Amendment meetings were being held in Temple Baptist church, E. 84th St. and Cedar Ave. Beulah Baptist church, 6411 Quincy Ave.; and Tabernacle Baptist church, 7916 Central Ave.; the speakers being Mrs. Alta Gilbert, Rev. Horace C. Bailley, Ex-Gov. Harry L. Davis, Atty. Martin A. MacCormick, Mrs. Louise J. Pridgeon, Hon. Harry C. Smith, Mayor Arthur Johnston, and others. Roy S. Rector was chairman of the group. The crowd at the church was a mixed one, while at the other two meetings, the large audiences were made up of our people. All three were extremely enthusiastic. Friday evening's meetings at 2292 E. 89th St. and Avery Chapel, 2363 E. 28th St.; and Saturday evening's, at 2211 E. 87th St., were held in connection with lawn fetes and like those of Sunday evening, at Chestnut Grove Baptist church, E. 63rd and Scovill Ave.; Monday at Bethel A. M. E. church, 15221 Shiloh Rd.; Tuesday's, at Quinn A. M. E. Chapel, 1321 E. 130th St. and Liberty Hill Baptist church, E. 58th and Kinsman Rd.; Wednesday's, at Second Emmanuel church, E. 79th St. and Quincy Ave.; Thursday's, at M. Zion Cong. and Central Church, E. 63rd. We were all splendid successors. Next week will be the busiest one of the campaign as Aug. 20, election day will come on Tuesday of the following week. There will be a meeting or more, every evening, in different wards of the city. Attend the Charter Amendment meetings! One of the most telling speakers at Jones' Chapel Charter Amendment meeting, last week Tuesday night, was Dr. Edward A. Balley, who presided so ably over a similar meeting in Chestnut Grove church, E. 63rd St. and Scovill Ave., Sunday evening. Other speakers at the Jones Chapel meeting were Ex-Gov. Harry L. Davis, Atty. Wm. R. Marsteller, Councilman Clayborne George, Mrs. Louise Pridgeon, Norman McGhee and Dr. Robert McGhee, the chapel as crowded, more than 300 people being in attendance. The speakers at the church were Former Assistant Prosecutor Cassidy, the editor of The Gazette, Dr. E. A. Balley, Messrs. McGhee and Bundy. Dr. LeROY N. B UNDY, Dentist, Guaranteed and Efficient Work EXTRACTION WITH GAS ADMINISTERED. TWENTY YEARS’ EXPERIENCE Majestic Hotel, N. E. Cor. 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KRAFT: CHEESE KRAFT-PHENIX (CHEESE COMPANY Where To Purchase The Gazette a, swrre's “BILL, VASSILEER, ‘3007 Beovill Ave, 2028 Central Ave. PRANK L. HANDY'S, a0 Gomeral ave 3.8. HALL's *ROSENBERG'S DRUG STORE 8183 Central Ave. N. W. Cor. Central Ave, and *Open, Sundays. E. 55th St. - NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS Subscribers not receiving The Gazette regularly should notity Goad Grihe tng laesla ant Gl Wiinnaas watiers co sles Giniaten tice, ite 902, Johaeon Block, 20 Supe hye, Hs sito {uo Hotel Cleveland. If You wiah’ to tee, the verter eal pes Wat ati unc /ceadars\ty lcgretally/ etinioe whe Guano aavertisements before making. purchases, Buslacss’ nan whe Aaversise/ia tis gaper abculdr kere tie mitrontae ot once Te Me ante aiveiente seca re ce ‘All teading matter for publication in curtent’yasves of The Gazette ‘must be in the oflce by avon, WEDNESDAY! cf ant erate ime Dusuy aaniianie cee cot 4 p. m., WEDNESDAYS! pleted Repeeesto cae et a HARRY C, SMITH, ate: Weoe Bupetioe Aveore thersiaail;.O: (pense tees career Notary Public Bit hoo: Cheer Gees (Gal, ta the Atverason) emer a sa ee ee Classified Advertising Department | FOR SALE—Two good bedroom fete ct three plese cask A ae BAIN—iq geod condition, Also Wer Saglees aprings and Dest geele ust treteen, practlenlly newt oved lee than two weeks. Call Citerry 1259, pane sttersoos CLEVELAND Social and Personal Mr. and Mrs. Fred Riggs and fa- ther are visiting in Hillsboro. Mr. Lemuel Adams and Mrs. Bea- trice Hubbard Gaines were married recently. Mr. L. 8. Jones of Drexel Ave., who has been critically ill, is con: valescing. Registration day, Aug. 9. Do not forget it. You cannot vote unless you are registered. Remember! You will have an opportunity to register on Aug. 9 for the Charter Amendment election on Aug. 20, ‘29. ‘Tell your friends and acquaint: arices! ‘The Gazette is informed that Ma- Jor W. T. Anderson said that Rev. D. 0. Walker claims to have secured his first eltizenship papers, five years ago, in North Carolina. Mr. and Mrs. Wesley Sayles, E. 84th St, have returned from ‘Mon- treal, Canada. He is a foreman in the baggage and mail department at the Union passenger station. ‘The Sunday afternoon program at Messiah Baptist church, Rev. Boston J. Prince, pastor, Aug. 11, at 3 p. m., Will include spirituals and folk songs. Hon. Harry L. Davis will speak. Mrs. B. J. Prince, chairman. Col. A. T. Abbott was in the city from Oberlin, last week Thursday, cirewlating among his many friends. He left, the first of this week, to attend the Odd Fellows’ state grand lodge meeting in Columbus. Dissatisfied members of _ tho ehurehes pastored by the “round robin” signers are multiplying rap- idly, these days, and some if not all ot them are already scheduled to go, say members of their churches. Grace Nolligan, E. 29th St., who has returned from her junior year at Nannie Burrough’s Training school,” Washington, D. C., won first prize in the beginners’ business class, typing. She received a $2.50 gold piece. Mrs, Julia Mitchell of Los Angeles is spending the summer with her daughter, Mrs. Julia Towns, E. 43rd St. She’ will also visit relatives in Indianapolis and St. Louis en route home, She is a former resident of Cleveland. Mrs. Dota Howard of Quebec Ave., who served aga special clerk in the county tax department during July, is said to have been given steady em- ployment in the county clerk’s office. She is president of our Bast End Women's Republican club. TUBBY THE GAZETTE, CLEVELAND, 0., SATURDAY, AUGUST 10, 1929. and salesladies. all CHerry 2583. Mr, and Mrs. Z D. Hicks of Chi- cago, the latter a sister of Mrs. W. E Carey of B. 81st St., are making an extensive motor trip of the east. Mr. and Mrs. Carey and daughter. will Join them on the trip when they ar. rive here. Supt. Richard C, Bundy of the C.N. & I. (State) Dept. at Wilber. force, and Prof. Clarence Caliman of the faculty arrived in the city, Sun- day morning, returning home, Thurs day. They were guests of Dr. Leros N. Bundy of Hotel Majestic. Mrs. Edgar Moore, of Elberon Ave, had as guest, recently, Mrs. Grafton Saunders of Columbus, a former resident of this city, She was highly entertained while here. Mrs. Saunders’ husband and mother, Mrs. J, T. Leach, also of Columbus, visited her and Mr. and Mrs. Moore while she was here. A grand sum of $11,005,000 will be levied, this year, against Cuya- hoga taxpayers, County Auditor John A. Zangerle, has announced in declaring the ‘igure $3,191,000 greater than last year and the big. gest “bill” in the county's history. It was Zangerle’s final report on the tax duplicate for this year. S. A. Wade, age 55, former butler for the late Liberty E, Holden and husband of Mrs. Daisy Underwood Wade, now a guard in, the safe de- posit ‘department of the Cleveland ‘Trust Co., is a good student. He scored a grade of 92 in real estate law given by the Cleveland Chapter of the American Institute of Bank- ing. The twelve “Negro” pastors who signed that political “Round Robin", favoring the plan and a man (Hop- kkins) opposed to our people's exer- cising their rights and privileges in local public places have blundered, and seriously too. This most, if not all of them, will find out to their sorrow on Aug. 20, 29 and for many months thereafter, Rey. A .L. Boone, one of our few local ministers to add his signature ‘to those “round robin” signers, left last week for his former home in Texas to be gone until after Aug. 20, "29. Rey. Boone came to Cleve- land about a year ago. The fact is that five or six of the twelve “round robin” signers have not been in Cleveland more than three or four yours and several of the others are newcomers to the city. Mr, and Mrs, Floyd J. Williams, leading residents of Baltimore and former residents of Cleveland, mo- tored here, last week, to visit his sister and her husband, Mrs and Mr. Albert Case of 2267 E. 89th St, Mr. and Mrs. John P. Hill of Balti- more are motoring with them. They will leave, Monday, for Erie, Buffalo, Niagara Falls and Atlantic City. Mr. and Mrs. Williams paid the editor of The Gazette a very pleasant visit, uidue -attaimnas: Stealing is More Honorable. | Miss Dorothy V. Myers, Miss Wil- |ia M. Shook, and Mise Semmy Fish Bet Wanner on thon 5 Seok in Dottolt; eaveral weeks aro, fuente of Attar Gladys Holow Merrell Many soctel Tuacticns were piven tn their honor. Last Tuesday, the trio returned to” Cleveland brisging, Mis |Sterrelwitn them. They" were al | uusts ‘of Mes ayers tor the woe |and on fast ‘Friday she eave an In formal party in-thelr honor. Cards and daicing, "Arlee Merrell tetutvod to Detroit, Saturday, and Miss Fisher lett for hor anmmet Hom ta Akron | Another one! Charles Roban (white) of 10715 Hampden “ave. fidence in two men (white) who ha taked’ hima" duis “jo.pee |among ‘Cleveland's: ‘poor’ tamiilen [fie aon tered Nobad to yur uy os eurity store ney termed” ovat tas | money to him. He gave them the bonds, ‘They handed him an fapos ing looking package on top at which was a new > bille, When Hoban in vavllgated the package he found tho paper. What ala Barnum aaj? | ‘he manager plan-topkins: meet ling in Temple Baptist church, ‘Tues- jaar stouiue: wae seceded ty donee |ituately 400. peoples some ‘ot thos Charter Amendment supporters: Yen E. Hunter was the principal speaker Otiers ‘were Hem DO. Walker Russell Brown aud. C/G. Aller wiv wrap chairman, “When sites Hunter fall Hopiins had “removed a great tiany: speakeaslee," sho was toting ‘itore gamtling donee gpeaboese end valece dante bets occinbes Under the manager plan than aap other time in the history of Cleve- inna, les Hunter to ths ‘contrac wevioueacane. Thursday alent, at Temple Bay: tist church, De dames Nickens tho liad just tett the “Ailer Brown Walker” mantger plan, mectine’ a Shiloh Baptist church, told the edi- tor of The Gazette that, there: wero only ono hundred and ‘twenty-five a attendance upon the Shiloh meeting. Prigsy alght tu Dr. Popes aves Hore in Cedsr ‘Ave., ho suid’ to the editor and in the hearing of several other persone that theis were be teen four and fige hundred persone th attendance, ‘Mr. Nickens in. an oinicer at shiion Baptist church and knew, both times he spoke, what he was saying. ‘Te tact ie there was Tone" than’ 200, persons in te church and about half of them were Char- ter Amendment advocates’ "hig t tie Soneenmte of opiaion on’ thas point Rev. P. 34. Caver, pastor of Beth: any Baptist chureh, Ie, Tand St. and iineman Tea the second acosesion to the “round ‘rebla'slenere, whe algo came to Cleveland from ‘Texas, a few months ago, is quoted by a te: fal daily paper Se having preached Satmon studey, weaine his mentors to “smash the Three-D group”, a combination he has evidently not been in the city long enough t0 une dertana "The wombers of tie cou freeation, who have lived in Cleve: fon longer than’ thar pastor’ wt Sardly. heed his admonition. because they now what Color Line City Mane sicr Hopkine and the saapueer pian have done to our people of this com- munity. Tt-is sold. that Caver and Boone are the old time “stir "em up” Pastors, allot whan sre behind tho Meee eae toy aire at 25 —is the right price _ to pay for a | good tooth : paste— | LISTERINE | TOOTH PASTE Large Tube ay grea aaa arerere TORE OPEN ALL DAY SATURDAYS Tg"a a a a a a : . = = : THE MAYCOMPANY : : ; : August COAT Sale : Those who have been delayed will find replenished | : stocks in readiness—Tomorrow ! | a AH - iA é ay 3 sme ; er Ke bE F 0 Fae peg Re ie " mG es Gee a ae RAEN | 0 tt Tee | : tee vs ay O meet the ee ge : i x xy : 8 \ constant, growing demand \ o af n\ . = ie \ for Coats in this tremen- \ \ fs Bi , = the ah d Li ico a a = ies he lous selling event, our | — » 8 = r Misses’, Women’s and <4} al . Junior Coat Shops have a | ; . added hundreds of new \ a : / models . . . All actually ) F ; worth from $79.50 to $125. | Chane . z Arevalo in EDR me | $10 Cash | A Purchases Added to Our August Sale of Extrait Oar : pean ae Furs, Exceptional Values! Buy ie one Vani eal billed November Ist Now! Qeember Ane enone = The May Co.—Coat Shops—Second Floor eee eee ee ee eee ee ry rhe largest crowd that has attend- | announced that it was to be a music ed the opencair east side (elty) con-|ale of spirituals tho ‘the. opposl HAS |g, "tas "season, packed Gordon | proved true because standard cass MADE GOOD with | | crace Willis ‘Thompson's senior and | were sung by our ereat combinatlo ait a |sunior cotny of St John’s and St,|of choirs under Mrs. Thompsons a Keo |aay daily newspapers Dublications | the summer series of park concerts IN | xe ee 3Akt IG Fee ae NIAGARA FALLS J| P Co é ae PR ey SN Same Price for Over PH sce xe) a ay ae ane | 38 Years Vz ee [Oe 25 ounces for 25: Ce ae Sa al (sa 3g ZA Pure Economical | WeoNc ¥ 2 ee Pr | muuzzona oF rouNDs Yow Lea USED BY OUR GOVERNMENT | | BENS iin | vl. ul és it wiry-ugly?6 = bres OR IS IT < Beautiful? HEROLIN acs asa matic Beene and mats caer esd Use mig eROLN weatneD pene nice the wmdeneraiiorscey” Maeece Sloan Toute liy pefursedr ba not Soy ee ‘Sent by mail for 25¢ Sry orliszie HEROLIN MEDICINE COMPANY Deru Ee ATLANTA CX, OTHER HERouN PRODUCTS Temple Oil = 250” TetterSelve = S00 ee ie ee: Feestrasiec ae Pafacss < Se AGENTS: Pisidoogy-Beyette!Premizme The largest crowd that has attend- ed the open-air east side (city) con- cets, this season, packed Gordon Park, Sunday night, to hear Mrs. Grace Willis Thompson's senior and Junior choirs of St. John’s and St. James’ A, M. E. churches, and Mt. Zion Cong. choir. Saturday and Sun- day daily newspapers publications N or ee Oy y & Bq [SS mcemncnswnconneseet ga Ce en Yarns NE is gg ey ae > Heise oA 4 = =p) LE) le | CEES SMe. Sg Conroe oe € GAS ‘3 y VLE: yp <ZES. Je es S ZZ SNS) DT NSS: <<a UT rea) we wl Gh ge | 3 ates I ——T Visit Niagara Falls, Canada and : the East via C&B Line Palatial Steamers HETHER traveling by train or auto, enjoy an all night's ride All| Won bescced rate ad “Cay tise cele en al nigh side floating hotels with large comfortable staterooms, excellent dining room service and courteous attendants. Music and Danciag oa the great ship “SEEANDBEE”. = Si ahSaecheliocienyse "7" AvoMimenand New C&B Cleveland and Buffalo Division Triangle Tour Fach way, every night, leaving at 9-00 p. m., arriving LeaveCleveland,either | 7:30am (S.$. 1) May ist to Novewiber isth, tours weuimogSeep" | Cleveland and Pe Stanley, Can, Division Bee’ peepee pat | Daly erie leven Cleveland 1200 cideighn Ill] | Sosetctesteace: | se Staley hs tet omen ae i} te cate tie foe for Conadan and Eastern pou, deseo Toes NEW LOW FARES Mongeal,Quebeeand | $853.28%5" CBunANo Seiy Suvcd thd Dates on requese | $3.000neway CLEVELAND Autos Carried | Bebe” PE SranLey 4155 Sed ‘THE CLEVELAND AND BUFFALO TRANSIT COMPANY East oth Sceet Fler Glove Obie oP: LL EM CO SS ee es ee announced that it was to be a music- ale of spirituals tho the opposite proved true because standard classi- cal selections, as well as spiriluals, were sung by our great combination of choirs under Mrs. Thompson’s di- rection. Louis Rich's orchestra’ band made ite initial appearance in the summer series of park concerts. Don't Throw Away Your Copy of The GAZETTE After Reading It But Give it to a Friend or an Acquaintance who might Subscribe after Reading It HOPKINS and GREGG! "THE COLOR-LINE TWINS" AND THEIR "JIM CROW" HOSPITAL ACTIVITIES. Both Opposed to Our Internes and Girls Training in City Hospital With the Young Folk of All Other Classes or Races in the Community. "DUD" BLOSSOM AND "WILL" HOPKINS. In the summer of 1928, at Asbury Park, N. J. an officious and prejudiced policeman who was patrolling the beach, public property if you please, told our people who were enjoying the salt-water there, to "go down where you belong", having reference to a section of the beach which he had designated as a segregated section. Our people of Asbury docilely obeyed, feeling it was an order from the mayor of the city. This year, they decided that such unjust and illegal discrimination should end. So informed "his honor" and the Board of Commissioners that they were going to use the beach "as others use it", and were promptly informed that "no such order had been given any officer of the force and no such orders will be given". The discriminatory practice complained of ended right there. This year, however, it is rumored, certain of our people, "jim-crow Negroes", approached the City Commissioner and asked for a segregated section of the beach. Lord, have mercy! As a result there have been several instances, recently, where our people have been ordered away from certain parts of the beach. In a letter to the Board of Commissioners relative to this latest instance of discrimination, our people of Asbury Park wrote: "We are citizens and not cattle, and we will not be quiescent under any practices or conditions that seek to deprive us of our inalienable rights. If it must be so, we shall peacefully submit to arrest in order to have the courts inform you what are our rights; but rest assured that we are going to use our beach as other people use it". In the letter they also called attention to an attack made upon three of our men by a life guard, on July 14, because they went to a part of the beach where the guard that they should not have gone. The letter ends with this statement: "We feel that we have been patient and have endured much. We shall not annoy you with further communications unless, you would like to be involved that we never fight except for our rights as citizens, and never stop fighting until the court of last resort has passed upon the issue". And the letter will settle the matter and settle it right, too! How like City Manager Will R. Hopkins and his assistant, Dr. Dudley P. Blossom, director of welfare, in the case of our internes and nurses who desire to train in the Cleveland CITY Hospital is the Board of Commissioners of Asbury Park, N. J. It was Director Blossom, a southerner, who brazenly told a delegation of our people that they only, of all the citizens in this community, would not be permitted to use the CITY Hospital as desired, and that that statement "settled it." Along comes Councilman E. J. Gregg, a member of the race, with his "jim-crow" hospital suggestion and later with his East Side branch of the CITY Hospital substitute-suggestion which would prove to be but a "jim-crow" affair to which all Afro-Americans, from all parts of the city, would eventually be forced to go for ALL purposes, as patients, internes and student-nurses. At Asbury Park, "jim-crow Negroes" asked for a segregated section of the beach. Here "jim-crow Negroes" ask for a "jim-crow" hospital on the Eastside of the city. Lord, have mercy on them! The Asbury branch of the N. A. A. C. P. has written the Board of Commissioners of that city as stated above. Cleveland's local branch, as usual, rests supinely "upon its oars" after having written a few letters to Hopkins and Blossom. It has never occurred to it, it seems, to write them a letter like the Asbury branch's latest communication and prepare to take our CITY Hospital matter into the local courts, as will be done at Asbury Park, N. J. This, too, in spite of the fact that our people of Cleveland have contributed thousands of dollars, for years, to the support of the N. A. A. C. P. for just such court action, and have never received it! Meantime, the Charter Amendment contest is on again and election day is August 20, 1929. On that day will be afforded an opportunity to get rid of the manager plan and its "potential menace" and color-line city manager and his prejudiced southern director, Dr. Dudley P. Blossom. This will afford the relief desired, and open the Cleveland CITY Hospital for the training of our internes and nurses; stop the discrimination in the Woodland Hills and all other bathing pools of the city; place Afro-American employees in the City Hall and other branches of the city government, in nearly all of which we are not so represented; and rebuke the brazen affront and insult of those twelve "Negro" pastors, "Round Robin" signers, pseudo "apostles". "ROUSE MIT" HOPKINS! For about ten days, the Cleveland Press and Plain Dealer, two of the three local daily papers and supporters of the manager plan and Color-line City Manager Will R. Hopkins, kept nagging Maurice Maschke, head of the local Republican organization, trying to force him to come out for the plan and the man, with the result that he issued a statement, the first of the week, which practically arrays his following in the Republican party of the city, which means the Republican organization of course, on the side of the Charter Amendment. And that settles it—the contest! The Charter Amendment carried both times before with the organization against it and as about everyone now knows was counted out, both times. If it could win, last year and the year previous, with the organization against it, what chance of losing has it, this year, with the organization with it? It is true that the rich of the city, favorable to the manager plan, have an enormous campaign fund that they are spending (or promising) "like drunken sailors", and that it is bound to have some influence on the result. For example, just witness the most reprehensible, most flagrant and outrageous conduct of some of our local ministers and leading white men already in this campaign. But will the lavish use of this money off-set the acquisition of the support of the Republican organization? "Not by a million years!" Even if it did, and there is not the remotest possibility of its doing so, there would still be the natural majority to overcome that the Charter Amendment had, last year and the year before, when it won and was counted out. There is no danger, this time, of there being any "counting out". So all we have to do is to get out the vote on August 20, '29, to oust Hopkins and the manager plan and restore the government of the city of Cleveland to the people who lost it when the miserable plan was adopted. Let us all "get busy" and stay so until the victory is achieved. "Rouse mit!" Hopkins and the manager plan! GO BACK "HOME" GREGG! Councilman E. J. Gregg is opposed to our people exercising their citizen rights in a public institution supported by the taxpayers of the community, among whom we number thousands, because organized prejudiced white nurses "would not work with our nurses", he says, and because "forcing our girls into the City Hospital nurse-school might disrupt the morale of the entire hospital," he continues. Now, really can you believe that a sane member of the race, a doctor and a city councilman, too, could possibly deliver himself, in this day and time and in this city, of such rot, and, too, in the presence and hearing of white colleagues, members of the Cleveland City Council? O, Lord God of Hosts, have mercy! "We should worry" whether prejudiced white nurses worked with ours or not, and whether "the morale of the entire City Hospital" was "disrupted" or not! As far as the former are concerned, "we don't give a darn", and as for the latter, if any persons are to worry about that "morale" let the public's servants in charge of City Hospital, who are paid by the taxpayers thousands of whom are our people, do it. And we are not so sure there would be any, when those nurses or others at the hospital, who are prejudiced, were told they could stay or go, as they saw fit. Why is Gregg so anxious to please prejudiced persons, even to the extent of denying his own people their citizen rights in that public institution? Is the man beered or what in the world is the matter with him? One thing sure, he is in the wrong city and state with such "down home" stuff in his mind and should "up stakes" and hurry on back to "dear old Tennessee" or wherever in the South he came from. He is more than fifty years behind the times, for this section of the moral vineyard. Go back South, Gregg! And for God's sake and that of your own people of this city, at least, stay there until you can "take that red bandanna off your head". Here, you are in the way and trying to "block the runways". GREGG'S LATEST HOSPITAL IDEA! Addressing the Baptist Ministers' meeting, April 15, Councilman E. J. Gregg is said to have announced that he was not now advocating a "jim-crow" hospital for this city, but one on the East-side of the city, the majority of its official personnel (those in charge of it) to be "Negroes". Such an institution would do the same harm that a "jim-crow" hospital would, because ALL "Negro" patients that went to the other hospitals in the city, as they do now, would be sent to Gregg's "makeshift" institution, and that would rob our people of the right to enter the other hospitals as they do now. Then, too, there is no need of such a half or two-thirds "jim-crow" institution, since "Negro" patients in this community are being better cared for now than they could possibly ever hope to be in a "hospital" such as Gregg advocates for the selfish purpose of getting a few jobs for "jim-crow Negroes", physicians and others, who do not seem to be able to make a good living otherwise. Is this the thing that City Manager Wm. R. Hopkins and Councilman Gregg have been "rubbing noses or heads" over for the past year or so? We want to know! Cleveland will never start or maintain such an unnecessary thing. Let the "jim-crow Negroes", physicians and others, do it if they can. There will be no objection to their having such a private institution. Why don't they go on back "down home" and revel in "jim-crow" hospitals and about everything else. They are making nuisances of themselves here, trying to not only impede our peoples' progress in this community but positively trying to make them retrograde. Shame! THOSE "ROUND ROBIN" SIGNERS Following are the names of the twelve "Negro" ministers of Cleveland, who, the local daily papers announced, recently, had signed that "round robin" against the Charter Amendment: Revs. Russell S. Brown, D. O. Walker, L. H. Brown, Ernest Hall, C. R. Jones, J. E. Wilson, C. D. Patterson, R. W. Watson, C. H. Crable, J. P. Foote, C. L. Jefferson and S. Grannum. We have seen nothing, in the last two weeks, from any of them denying that they have so flagrantly insulted the intelligence, loyalty and common-sense of our people of this community. So, we are justified in believing that those named did sign it. What a travesty upon Christianity and race loyalty! Here are twelve "Negro" pastors who urge our people to support the manager plan which also means endorse the five and one-half year administration of City Manager Wm. R. Hopkins, in the face of the fact that both plan and manager are positive detriments to our people's progress in this community. Under the plan, Manager Hopkins increased the bonded indebtedness of this city over thirty million dollars during his first four years in office, and at last fall's election secured twenty-two million more of bonds, making a total, to date, of fifty-two millions! This is an added burden, entirely too heavy, for the poor people, home-owners and tenants who also pay taxes, to bear. What is far more important to our people of Cleveland than the foregoing is that the manager defiantly denies our people only, of all the residents of this city, rights and privileges in that public institution, the City Hospital; has permitted mobs to but kill a number of our people who sought to use the Woodland Hills bath house and bathing pool; termed our people who came to Cleveland from the South during the influx of ten years ago, a MENACE to the community; steadfastly refuses recognition we are entitled to in city hall appointments, and in a number of other ways grossly discriminates against us! If the manager plan is retained, Hopkins will be continued in office. No one questions this fact. And yet, in the face of the foregoing and much more, if you please, twelve "Negro" ministers, at the behest of wealthy people of the community, are alleged to have signed a "round robin" urging our people to support the inimical manager-plan and Color-Line City Manager Hopkins. LORD, HAVE MERCY! Harry C. Smith. Pretty Things that are made at Home 17 inches 24 inches THESE sketches and directions "how-to-make" a perfectly ador- able bowot and earron ensemble should T IS very old-fashioned to THESE sketches and directions "how-to-make" a perfectly adorable bonnet-and-apron ensemble should interest fair gardeners who aspire to look as sprightly and lovely as the flowers they cultivate. The thrilling thing about the bonnet is that it is really nothing more or less than a flat three-cornered piece which can be ironed as easily as a handkerchief, and which through ingenious fastenings can be formed into a bonnet. As is so clearly shown in the picture, the bonnet is made out of plain and print, with the apron is made of the print, piped with the solid color. In this instance green percale is combined with a handsome "confetti" patterning, which introduces gay reds and blues and yellows. A half-yard of 36-inch plain material will make the foundation for two bonnets. Cut the half-yard exactly in the center so as to make two squares, each 18 by 18 inches. The idea is to cut a three-cornered piece out of one of these squares, two sides of the square forming two sides of the right-angled triangle. Curve it across the other two sides thus forming the third side of the triangle as shown in Fig. A, B, C. Hem this triangle of plain percale or gingham or sateen all around—about a 1/4-inch hem. Next cut out of the printed material 'TIS A GINGHAM S SUMMERTI IT IS very old-fashioned to think of gingham in terms of kitchen aprons and workaday house frocks, for gingham this year registers in the "classy" fabric list. The smart set having adopted gingham for its very own, is wearing it throughout the informal hours of the day.- In gingham the style-wise play tennis, play bridge, go swimming or stroll in dress parade on the beach. For town and country wear there are gingham ensembles, too, and they are too swagger for words. Somewhere, although it does not show in the picture, there is very limable to be found a gingham short jacket to "go with" the frock as shown here, for as suggested above the gingham ensemble costume is one of fashion's favorite themes this season. Simple checks, such as employed for the making of this dress, are no doubt in the lead, although gingham of any patterning "stands in" with fashion. As practical as they are modish are the jacket-and-skirt gingham suits a panel about 9 inches wide, shaping it to it fit the curved end of the triangle (see Fig. D, E). Finish this all around with a ruffle of white organdie $1\frac{1}{2}$ inches wide. Then machine-stitch row after row this printed part after fitting and basting it to the triangle—(see in sketch lower left corner). Cut a pointed strap measuring $2\frac{1}{2}$ inches wide and about 5 inches from point to point. Self line this. Stitch it all around and make a buttonhole in each point. This strap (Fig. F) is then sewed across the point of the large triangle after it has been folded over as shown in sketch marked F at the top. Sew on three dress snaps as the sketch shows. Also sew on two buttons, one at each side where the points of the printed portions meet. These buttons are exactly as far apart as the buttonholes in the strap, for the strap is brought down and buttoned over as shown in the last little sketch at the bottom of the picture. The apron has a yoke at the back made so as to slip over the head. There is no opening at the sides, the pointed and piped front portion being stitched to the back portion. JULIA BOTTOMLEY. (© 1929. Western Newspaper Union.) EASON IN ME VACATIONLAND which women are wearing for shopping, for motoring and for general daytime wear. The skirts are often plaited, buttoning over sheer lingerie tuck-in blouses, while the jackets are that simply fashioned they launder without the least trouble. It adds to the sum of chic when a necktie of matching gingham is worn with the white or pastel tinted blouse. For the blouse, organdie, handkerchief linen or pique are favored materials. Red and white gingham for the vacation-time ensemble is very popular. The entire costume is carried out in the color combination, even to the shoes and hat including probably a red leather belt and a pocketbook to match. Along with its other accomplishments gingham has succeeded in making itself generally popular in the beach and bathing suit realm. JULIA BOTTOMLEY. (© 1925, Western Newspaper Union.) GAZETTE ho might Su Persia Awakes (Prepared by the National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C.) PERSIA, long practically railroadless, has laid down more than 200 scattered miles of rail since the World war, and is now constructing a real trunk line from the Persian gulf in the south to the Caspian sea in the north. Persia's awakening, in the matter of communications as well as in other senses, can be ascribed in large part to the World war. The higher price of silver that followed the conflict doubled Persia's capital, and the world sought her raw materials and so removed her from comparative isolation to a place of importance among commercial nations. Persia is one of the oldest empires in existence. It has been a kingdom for 25 centuries—ever since Cyrus the Great, about 550 B. C., conquered Media and united that country to his under the name of Persia. It has had many glorious episodes in its long history; has produced the great teacher, Zorouster; such world-famous poets as Firdawsi, Omar Khayyam, Saadi and Hafiz, and such great soldiers and rulers as Darlus I, Shapur I and Shah Abbas. Again and again the empire has been a prey to anarchy; again and again conquering hosts have swept through the country, Alexander the Great having many a successor, the most destructive conqueror being Genggil Khan with his hordes of mongol Mongols—a leader who boasted that he had slain 30,000,000 of his fellow creatures! The center of the country is a great plateau, rising from 2,000 to 6,000 feet, and crossed by frequent chains of mountains, while a lofty mountain barrier bounds it on the north and south. In the whole Persian empire there were in 1910 only six miles of railway; a fact which casts the progress of the last few years into strong relief. There is only one navigable river, the Karun. It flows into the head of the Persian gulf, and on this sea the so-called ports are merely open roadsteads, at which cargo cannot be landed in stormy weather. The merchandise of Persia is even largely carried on the backs of camels, mules and donkeys; a slow and expensive mode of transport, and the traveler usually rides through the country following the tracks made by the passage of caravans during the centuries. Persians Are Handsome Aryans. The Persian is of Aryan stock, and has the same words as ourselves for father, mother, brother and daughter (pidar, madar, bradar and dukhtar), and the construction of his language is like that of English. He is a handsome, well-built man, with regular features and fine black eyes, his complexion being no darker than that of an Italian. In manner he is most courteous; he is quick, alert, fond of conversation and discussion, and has rightly been called the Frenchman of the East. Persia is the home of many religions, beginning with the Zoroastrian now represented by the Parsees, and several sects of Christians down to Mohammedanism in its many divisions, Shiite Mohammedanism being the state religion of the country. The Shifites have their own traditions, the most marked being an inordinate respect for Ali, nephew and son-in-law of the Prophet and probably his first male convert. They believe that the angel Gabriel visited Mohammed on his last pilgrimage to Mecca and instructed him to proclaim Ali his successor. So thoroughly are they convinced that the caliphate belongs to the house of Mohammed alone, that to the confession, "There is no God but God and Mohammed is His ambassador," they add, "And All is the viceregent of God." But All while on earth had some powerful enemies, chief among whom was Ayesha, the favorite wife of Mohammed and the only one of his harem who had never been married before, and they succeeded in putting him aside and choosing three caliphs before him. He finally succeeded in obtaining the caliphate, but was murdered in the mosque of Kufa after he had served only four years. Fabulous are the stories which have grown up about his name. In fact, he is said to have out-Joshuaan Joshua in the following manner: One day while in Kufa he was so busy that he did not have time to say his prayers. Just as he finished his chores the sun disappeared behind the horizon, so he raised his hands toward the sky, made a sign, and the sun retracted its steps to the position it should occupy at the moment of prayer and waited while the great man offered up his petition. Persian processions impress the stranger as fanatical. During their Month of Mourning—that in which the son of All was assassinated—they put on deep black, throw their shirts open at the chest, whether this lunar month is very hot or very cold, lacerate their bodies, and go unshaven and with bare feet through the streets. Using their swords they beat the tops of their heads until the blood streams over their faces and on to their garments. Large sums are paid by principal personages in the celebration for the blood-drenched robes. Crude Theatrical Performances. During that month the only theatrical performances of Persian take place. They are manifestations of Persian patriotism in which the Shlites show their hatred for other Mohammed sects, particularly for the Sunnites, and are somewhat like the early English miracle and morality plays. They are performed in the courtyards of the houses of the rich, the stage manager announces to the audience where the scene is laid, a suspended lion skin represents the desert, a silver bowl of water the Tigris, and the parts of the women are taken by boys or young men. The crudity of the performances is amazing to the average American who is familiar with the elaborate settings of the modern moving-pictures. When the actors are supposed to be off the stage they merely sit down, and a "corpse" sits quietly on the stage dressed in a shirt, stuck through with arrows and smeared with blood, or in some similar outfit to indicate the manner of his death. Many Persians have no home life in the usual sense of the word. A Persian house is divided into the biroon, or men's apartments, and the andeoon, or part consecrated to the women. A strong door, set in a high blank wall, gives entrance to a narrow passage that leads into a square courtyard on which open several rooms. Here the men live, and here they usually entertain their men friends, while their women dwell in rooms set round an inner courtyard, the entrance to which is through the biroon. As a Persian is instructed from earliest youth that a woman's advice is of no account—in fact the priests tell him that he had better do the exact opposite of what a woman counsels—it can be understood that as a rule he has no excelsion opinion of his wife or wives, and seldom turns to them for companionship. When death approaches, if he has performed his daily prayers, kept the Fast of Ramadan, visited the mosque on Friday, and given alms to the poor, a Persian has no doubts as to his reception in the next world and dies in a happy confidence of attaining to the paradise promised by the Prophet to all his faithful followers. Despite Persia's traditional conservatism in governmental affairs Teheran, its capital, is the city of kaleidoscopic contrasts. Visitors may enter through any one of its twelve beautiful gates, whose glazed tiles glisten in the sunlight, and find spread before them a dingy collection of mud houses rubbing elbows with palatial residences enclosing flower-filled gardens. A lumbering camel, seemingly just stepped out of a prizeless old Persian rug, may draw aside to allow the passage of a high-powered motor car bearing a wealthy Persian en route to his villa on the outskirts of the city. Rhages, Old Capital, In Ruins. Rhages, Old Capital, In Ruins. Tcheran has not always been the capital of Persian. Rhages or Rel, its predecessor, the ruins of which are nearby, was a bustling city of one and a half millions in the Middle Ages. As the birthplace of Harun al-Rashid, Callph of Bagdad, the fifth and most renowned of the Abbassides, its name is forever linked with the "Arabian Nights." This city, also called Rhagea, was destroyed by Jenghiz Khan and Timur. Modern Teeran's position, 70 miles south of the Caspian sea, commanding the highways of the extensive upland plateau and the entrance to the Elburz Passes, has made it the center of a considerable caravan trade, though it does not rank high as an industrial city. Its population is roughly estimated at 300,000 in winter, but in summer this number diminishes one-third. For, although the district lies in the approximate latitude of Cape Hatteras, and nine months of the year bring it cool nights and sunshine days, the three months of summer are uncomfortably hot and dry. The palace of the shah is located in the "Ark," or former cladel, in the middle of the city. Here is the Saisalm court, containing the large Takht-i-Khanhe, or Throne room.