The Gazette

HELLO --- FIFTIETH YEAR. No. 31. SEE US FIRST FOR ALL GOOD JOHN S. HAL PRICES REASONABLE SATIS JEWELER AND OPTOM Eyes Carefully Examined and Glass 7709 CEDAR AVE., Cleveland, Ohio. FIRST FOR ALL GOODS IN OUR JOHN S. HALL SEASONABLE SATISFACTION GU JEWELER AND OPTOMETRIST Carefully Examined and Glasses Properly Fitted R AVE., Cleveland, Ohio. HEm FOR ALL GOODS IN OUR LINE JOHN S. HALL SATISFACTION GUARANTEED CLEAR AND OPTOMETRIST Examined and Glasses Properly Fitted. Cleveland, Ohio. HEnderson 6028 SEE US FIRST FOR ALL GOODS IN OUR LINE JOHN S. HALL PRICES REASONABLE SATISFACTION GUARANTEED JEWELER AND OPTOMETRIST Eyes Carefully Examined and Glasses Properly Fitted. 7700 CEDAR AVE., (Jewland, Ohio). HEnderson 6028 DR. A. M. GIBSON Dental Surge OFFICE HOURS: 9 to 12 A. M., 1 t Sundays: 10 A. M.-2 Dental Surgeon E HOURS: 9 to 12 A. M., 1 to 5 and 6 to 9 Sundays: 10 A. M.-2 P. M. 9 to 12 A. M., 1 to 5 and 6 to 9 P. M. days: 10 A. M.-2 P. M. OFFICE HOURS: 9 to 12 A. M., 1 to 5 and 6 to 9 P. M. Sundays: 10 A. M.-2 P. M. 8231 CEDAR AVENUE (Cedar at E. 83rd) CLEVELAND, OHIO Phone: CEdar 236 EXPERT WATCH REPAIR AT LOWEST PRICES IN THE C Balance Staff .....75cMain Spring ... Cleaned and Oiled .....75cJewels ... Stem .....50cCrown ... Any Shape Crystal .....25c We Buy O JOHN H. SEARS ERT WATCH REPAIR AT LOWEST PRICES IN THE CITY Staff .....75cMain Spring ...... and Oiled .....75cJewels ...... pe Crystal .....25c We Buy Old Go JOHN H. SEARS, WATCH REPAIRING TEST PRICES IN THE CITY ...75cMain Spring ...75c ...75cJewels ...75c ...50cCrown ...25c ...25c We Buy Old Gold HN H. SEARS, Balance Staff ..... 75cMain Spring ..... 75c Cleaned and Oiled ..... 75cJewels ..... 75c Stem ..... 50cCrown ..... 25c Any Shape Crystal ..... 25c We Buy Old Gold Expert Watch Maker 4310 Central Avenue TWO INTERESTING BOOKS By JOSEPH C. MANNING FADEOUT OF POPULISM Tells how and why our people of the South are d Their Constitutional Rights. Brought down to discussion of the Klan and Anti-Saloon League Polit $1.00. From Five to Twenty-Five This is Mr. Manning's life story embracing the pe 1870 to 1895. Price, $1.00. FADEOUT OF POPULISM Now and why our people of the South are de- Constitutional Rights. Brought down to de- of the Klan and Anti-Saloon League Politics From Five to Twenty-Five Mr. Manning's life story embracing the per- 1870 to 1895. Price, $1.00. BOUT OF POPULISM For our people of the South are deprived of National Rights. Brought down to date by Juan and Anti-Saloon League Politics. Price, From Five to Twenty-Five Eng's life story embracing the period from 170 to 1895. Price, $1.00. Tells how and why our people of the South are deprived of Their Constitutional Rights. Brought down to date by discussion of the Klan and Anti-Saloon League Politics. Price, $1.00. From Five to Twenty-Five This is Mr. Manning's life story embracing the period from 1870 to 1895. Price, $1.00. BOTH BOOKS FOR $1.50. T. A. 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Insist on the genuine American Safety Razor Corp., Brooklyn, N.Y. CLEVELAND, OHIO. Phone: CEdar 2368 THE GAZETTE Cleveand, Ohio ESTABLISHED, AUGUST 25, 1883 And Issued Every Week on Time Since CLEVELAND, OHIO, SATURDAY, MARCH 18, 1933. Fresh Ohio News COLUMBUS—The Mills brothers staged a benefit performance, Wednesday, for unemployed workers. Mr. and Mrs. L. C. Kearney have a fine boy, born, recently. Mrs. W. E. Lofton and son spent the week-end in Chicago. Mrs. Nellie Burbank, age 28, died. Thursday, at her mother's. A husband and two children survive. Rev. A. J. Allen of Cleveland had charge of the funeral services for Mrs. Dorothy Boyer who died, last Friday night. He was assisted by Rev. R. C. Ransom. TOLEDO.—Elder David Johnson of Christ Temple church has been called to Louisville, Ky., by his father's death.—Mrs. N. H. Nina, Hina and Charles Hunt were in Detroit, last week.—Mr. and Mrs. John Lawson are parents of a fine daughter, Virginia, born recently.—Mrs. Georgine Johnson reviewed "The Future of Indian Missions" at the second of a series of Lenten teas and study hours at Mrs. Ella Randolph's Tuesday.—Mrs. Constance R. Hesilip addressed a group at our Working Girls' Home, last Thursday.—The local N. A. A. C. P. is investigating the shooting of an Afro-American youth by a patrolman (white). CORRESPONDENTS must mail all letters for publication at their main postoffice sufficiently early on Sunday or Monday of each week to have them reach The Gazette office on Tuesday morning, and always write their names and that of their city or town on the outside of the wrapper about returned copies, if proper credit for them is desired. Lists of names, wedding presents, programs, obituary notices, inquiries for relatives and advertisements of all kinds, including items announcing entertainments to be held in the near future, must be paid for in advance at the rate of 15 cents a line, six words to a line. Our rates for display advertisements will be sent on application. YOUNGSTOWN—Dr. B. L. Lovey who was injured, several weeks ago in an airplane crash while returning from a convention, will soon be able to resume practice —Mr. Samuel Stewart, one of our oldest citizens, who was hit by an auto, a few days ago, is much improved —Funeral services for Jas. P. Anderson were held, Wednesday afternoon, at Underwood's Funeral home, Rev. J. J Harris officiating. Mrs. Baker sang a beautiful solo, "Sweet By And By."—Mrs. Lydia Bass, a former resident of Youngstown who has lived in Girard several years, was buried, Wednesday afternoon, from Blackstone & Reese's Funeral home in Girard. She was a former member of Oakhill Ave. A, M. E. church. CINCINNATI—Mrs. Irene Grey of N. Y. City is visiting her cousin, Miss Althea Chapman—Bishop R. C. Ransom preached, Sunday, at Brown A. M. E. chapel, in the absence of the pastor, Rev. T. D. Scott, who is ill in General Hospital—Rev. E. H. Oxley, rector of St. Andrew E. church, has returned to his duties—Miss Jennie Austin and a few friends gave birthday greetings to her brother, Robbie. A literary program of selections from our authors was rendered by members of the Onawah club at the "Y," recently—Fifteen boys offered blood at General Hospital in an effort to save the life of Fletcher Hiles, Jr., who died, Thursday morning, following an operation for appendicitis. CADIZ—Rev, and Mrs. E. W. Lee of Martins Ferry spent Sunday at St. James A. M. E. parsonage. He preached, Sunday evening. Mr. Lee and Rev. S. D. Callman and family worshipped at the A. M. E. church in Smithfield, Sunday afternoon. Mrs. Lee has returned to Zanesville. She spent winter with Mrs. Alice Howard who has improved in health.—Miss E. Genevieve Lee, teacher in the Weirton, W. Va. High school, spent the week-end with her parents, Mr. and Mrs. Benj. S. Lee.—Mr. James McNabb has been very sick. The masonite lodge gave a novel entertainment, Tuesday evening, visited Mr. Carley Guy of Steubenville, visited Mr. and Mrs. F. W. Lucas, Sunday John Arnold, P. E., preached ably at St. James Church, Sunday. IT'S A "GREAT VICTORY." Columbus, O. March 11, '33 Hon. Harry C. Smith, M.D. Editor, Gazette, Cleveland, O. Dear Sir: The schools committee of the House of Representatives, on last Wednesday night, unanimously agreed to report out and recommend for passage our bill to include the teachers at Wilberforce in the state teachers' retirement system. The teachers on the state side (state department) at Wilberforce are the only ones that are not included in this system, and this is the first time in history that they will be given an opportunity to participate in this fund. Everyone seems to think it was a great victory. Sincerely yours, Chester K. Gillespie. THE FAMILY OF THE WEST POSE WITH A GROUP OF OUR GIRLS AT BENNETT COLLEGE. Greensboro, N. C.—Norman Thomas, candidate for president in the last election on the Socialist ticket, visited Bennett College for Women here, last week, and spoke at great length to students, faculty and friends of the institution. Mr. Thomas reviewed critically the trends of economics in America, pointing out HEAR! HEAR!! The ROUNDER ON WHAT'S DOING Ask Councilmen Bundy and George how soon the Central Ave, car-riders are to be given the improvement in service promised them by the Cleveland Railway Co., five or six weeks ago. The new schedule was posted in the cars week before last and very promptly taken down, last week. This ought to be of equal concern to Councilman Lawrence O. Payne. Our probable candidates for a municipal judgeship, this fall, are Messrs. George, Davis, Glenn, Minor, McGhee and Martin. Either Councilman Clayborne George or City Civil Service Commissioner Harry E. Davis will doubtless receive the endorsement of the local Republican organization, preferably the latter. That will settle it, according to the Rounder's way of thinking. The Rounder is informed that a separate table is provided for our employees at Lakeside Hospital. The sign, "for colored employees," that was placed over it was torn down the day it was put up. Also that separate days for "colored and white mothers" have been designated at the city's health center in the town of E. FitzGibbon and Woodland Ave. Here are two jobs for our local Federation of Women's clubs and the local N. A. A. C. P. branch. Such segregation is increasing rapidly, these days, because our people of this community will not combat it as they should. "The Press" of Wednesday, in an editorial, says: "Rarely we have been accustomed to agree with Councilman Herman Finkle. we don't think his idea ought to be discarded just because he advanced it." "The Press" was commenting on Finkle's resolution to abolish the position of Safety Director. This certainly is strong endorsement of Herman's foresight, coming as it does with the fact that he has local daily paper and it is high time that papers start giving him at least some credit for his many helpful acts and suggestions to all, regardless of race, color, religion or politics. Sweeney Boosters of Color. Several weeks ago, a number of our East Side citizens met at the Hawkins Transfer Co. in Cedar Ave, in response to a call from Allen H. Dorssey and F. J. Hawkins and organized the East Side Roosevelt-Repeal league. The primary purpose of the club is the defeat of Mayor Ray T. Miller for his failure to keep his promises to our group. They are also boosting the anticipated candidacy of Congressman Martin L. Sweeney for mayor. At the first meeting there were twenty citizens, while last Friday thirty were present. Officers elected are Atty. Fred D. Roseboro, pres.; Dr. J. O. Catolan, vice-pres.; S. A. H. Catolan, sec.; F. J. Hawkins, treas. Executive committee the above. A. H. Dorssey. E. F NORMAN THOMAS AND WIFE WITH A GROUP OF OUR G the weaknesses of our present system, and proposing certain definite reforms which he feels will put us back in better shape. In answer to the question: "What can the college student do to set in operation the forces that will improve our existing social order," Mr. Thomas stated with emphasis that the need of the A REAL GENIUS An Armstrong High School Studen Perfects Models of an Airplane, Locomotive and Train, Complete in Every Detail—Recitals. (Special to The Gazette.) Specimen. Watson, D. C.—The hobby of one of our boys, Geo. Moorman, age 18, 1400 block, Q St. N. W., is model building. Among other models he has one of an airplane with a compressed-air motor, capable of developing a speed of 5,000 revolutions per minute. This model has movable controls, thrust bearings, rubber tired landing gear and all other details. Another model is one of a train which has been exhibited at the National Museum here as have did skill. The lad, who is an Armstrong High school student, bids fair to become a mechanical genius. Another of his models is one of a locomotive of the oil-burning type. The model is 36 inches in length. It is built of galvanized iron and sheet steel and represents a month's work. Two electrical motors serve as motive power. The lad's mechanical working is the lad's motor in the works. The Armstrong High school he is a senior. Both the locomotive and airplane models have been exhibited at the Industrial Exhibition as well as the National Museum. Recently Tourgee DeBose, a fine pianist, gave a delightful recital in Andrew Rankin Memorial chapel of Howard university. Mr. DeBose has had the benefit of one year's study in France. In Miner Teachers' College auditorium, March 8, an exceptionally pleasing program was rendered in which Prof. Louia Vaughn Jones of Cleveland, O., participated, playing two delightful violin solos. He also rendered the "Ave Maria" by Bach-Wilhelm for the Conference of Recreation Workers' concert held, March 5, in Garnett-Patterson Community center, this city. BERMUDA NOT IN WEST INDIES. The average American who plans to visit Bermuda knows surprisingly little about its location, its inhabitants or even the flag of its allegiance. He has a vague idea that it lies in mid-ocean to the southeast of New York, and that it is perhaps not American, but British or Spanish—and somehow a part of the West Indies. Bermuda has nothing to do with the West Indies, and the initials B. W. I. (British West Indies) should not be added to the postal address. The Bermudians hold themselves high above West Indians socially, politically and climatically. With the exception of St. Helena, Bermuda is the most isolated place on the globe. The total number of square miles in Bermuda hardly exceeds nineteen, approximately the same as Manhattan Island. President Roosevelt launched his "new deal" with a refusal to see a delegation which called on him, last Monday, to bring before the new federal government the grievances and demands of the "Negro" people—the most forgotten of the "forgotten man" of his election speeches and promises.—Crusaders News Service, N. Y. City. Cheeks, F. H. Weaver and F. D. Clark. Efforts are to be centered in the 17th, 18th and 19th wards, and Mr. Dorsey has been selected as regional director. A meeting was held, this week Friday, at the same address. Luncheon served --- GIRLS AT BENNETT COLLE masses for greater contact with the educated classes was never more apparent than at present. He urged that educated Afro-Americans not set themselves apart as a group from the rank and file of the people of the land. He pointed out that not all of the graduates of the colleges in the future could expect to be listed WEAVER CASE LOST. In the State Supreme Court—It Will Doubless Be Carried to the U. S. Supreme Court. Columbus, O.—The Ohio Supreme Court refused, Wednesday, to order Ohio State university to permit Miss Doris Weaver of Cleveland, a student, to live in the Home State girls or all other classes. (races) are allowed to Mary E. Hon. Chester K. Gillespie of Cleveland, representing Miss Weaver, asked the Supreme Court for an order compelling the university to permit his client to live with the other girls taking the home economics course. The university has been denied no educational advantage and that she has been granted all of the privileges allowed other students. Our contention is she has not. The court's decision will be carried to the U. S. Supreme Court, it is said. DOINGS OF THE RACE. West Virginia has thirty-two separate ("jim-crow") high schools. Payton A. Brown, age 124, a resident of Bloomington, Ill., for 60 years and a Civil War veteran, died, last week Monday. Detective Lieut. Green of Los Angeles, Califf, who died, recently, had served the police department of that city for twenty years. Mr. and Mrs. Sherman Young, age 24 and 22, respectively, of Tuscumbia, Ala., have quadruplets (two boys and two girls), born Mar. 9, '33. Clayborne Tennille, age 42, of Mt. Meigs, Ala., has succeeded Eddie Savoy, for 64 years doorkeeper to the U. S. secretary of state. Savoy goes on pension. Detroit has only 35 Afro-American teachers in its mixed public schools while Cleveland has over 100. Detroit has a larger population of our people than Cleveland. Jules Bledsoe, a leading baritone soloist, who is with Helen Morgan in the Ziegfeld production, "Show Boat," gained broadway fame singing "Old Man River" in the initial show, four years ago. Dr. G. Fukami, professor of commerce in the University of Tokyo who is making a study of American universities, says Afro - Americans "should fight 'jim-crow' to the last ditch; that Japanese people will gladly fight and give their lives to resinsults. The Afro-American people must do the same." --- SINGLE COPY FIVE CENTS Miss. Doris Weaver. THE GAZETTE is the oldest class publication of the kind, and has the largest bona fide circulation among Ohio Afro-Americans, double that of any other newspaper published in this or any other state, and compari-lish with any will immediately NEWBLENY BEST published in this section of the country in the interest of Afro-Americans. E COPY FIVE CENTS LEGE. among the professions. "Most of you," he said, "will be found among the ever awakening numbers of the rank and file. Do not deny the masses the benefit of your training." This was Norman Thomas' second visit to Bennett College in as many years. He was accompanied by his wife, who appears at the extreme right in the picture above. WOMEN, DO YOU REALLY WANT WORK? Here Is a Splendid Opportunity— Presented by One of Our Most Reliable Women—Act Editor, Gazette, Dealer: "Sometimes ago a woman of the other group came to sell a Foundation Garmen. She told me she had made all her money off our women. After turning the matter over in my mind, I decided that our women should have a chance to sell garments to each other. So I took up the work. When I had earned a promotion I accepted a management which gave me the privilege of employing as many of our women as I could get to sell. While I was coaxing and trying to train our women to sell a woman of the other group, a Mrs. Roderick came into our territory and found our women so willing to buy from her she got all the business and our women became discouraged as saleswomen. Then she began to get our women to sell for her she received the commission and our women the smiles. In the meantime we were making every effort to inform our people that we were in the business. Some of our women went into the office and told a manager that I was telling them not to buy from the other group. I asked the manager to read a copy of The Principles of the Cleveland Board of Trade and The Housewives' League and told her that we were organized for the purpose of stimulating business among our own group as we needed it, and as a matter of self-preservation, and not discrimination against any group. However, Mrs. Vyvian Garner, the manager of the Valdura Corset Co. at 408 Hippodrome building, forced me to give up the management. She was willing for me to be one of their group as a saleswoman but objected to me contending for our business of selling the valdura corset to a saleswoman. She told me that our women considered it an honor to buy a garment from one of their group, and to be fitted by one of them. She plans to get all the business from our group through women of her group or any of our women whom she can use as she sees fit. For this reason I am asking our women not to buy a Valdura Corset but to purchase any garment you own from her or your women are now carrying the best garments in the corset line. We are now with the Kellogg Corset Company, carrying their line of high-class goods. I have insisted that they give the women of our group a course in salesmanship and give us our territory for our business. Will every woman who is out of a job would like to chapainy with the Kellogg of charge to touch with Mrs. Chelsea Webb Biggs, 10806 Earle Ave, this city. Phone, GLenville 3627, as soon as possible. The training class is to start at once. Every company I asked to employ our group seemed to think that we would not work and really did not count us as business women. When I asked if they did not want our business, they said they got it any way. Now I have insisted on them giving our women a chance to become trained saleswomen for the Kellogg company. We please take advantage of this free course of training and prove that we can become successful saleswomen and businesswomen, if given a fair chance? (Mrs.) Clae Webb Biggs. last lad- sent ople Vernon Craig, a southern Ohio schoolmate of the Mills brothers, sang with Hal Carlson's orchestra (white) at the Lake Shore Supper club, last week. One Year ..... $2.00 Six Months ..... 1.00 Subscribers are requested to remit by postoffice money order or registered letter. Entered at the postoffice in Cleveland, Ohio, as second-class mail matter. Address all communications to HARRY C. SMITH Editor and Proprietor THE GAZETTE 226 W. Superior Ave., Cleveland, O. (Bell 'Phone: CHerry 1250) Member Ohio Legislature: 1894 to 1896; 1896 to 1898; 1900 to 1902. 10,000,000 Afro-Americans. 325,000 in Ohio. 75,000 in Cleveland. SATURDAY, MARCH 18, 1933. It is really a pity that the govern ment feels the necessity of decreas ing the veterans' fund, $400,000,000 That ought to be the last thing to be done for any purpose whatever. --- Why a Filipino "attendant" should receive higher wages than a "Negro porter" on a Pullman Co. observation car is an interesting point. N. Y. Age. It is "an interesting point" but one easily explained when attention is called to southern prejudice against the American "Negro," per se, which has been so generally imbibed by residents of this section of the country. They want him kept on the lowest level of all. This for several obvious reasons. The Cleveland Railway Co. is refusing the Central Ave. carline the new schedule it promised, and posted for a few days last week, changing the wait for cars on that line from 16 minutes to 12 minutes. This in the face of its promise, of some weeks ago, to the City Council's transportation committee to do so. Councilman Leroy Bundy is a member of this committee, and Councilman Clayborne George introduced the resolution calling for the improvement in service which is being refused, the promised. Mr. and Mrs. Norman Thomas are very unlike former President Herbert Hoover in that they readily have their picture taken with members of our race. It will be recalled that Mr. Hoover, with his "illy-white" leaning, side-stepped this very thing until the campaign opened, last fall, when he had his picture taken with Roscoe "Cackling" Simmons "lost battalion"—an assembly of self-constituted Republican "leaders" of color who visited the White House to tender President Hoover the solid support of ALL our voters for re-election. Several weeks ago, we protested to Editor Earle Martin the use of the mongrel and very insulting term or word "negrass" in an Associated Press article which was published in the Cleveland Daily News. Mr. Martin, whom we have always found exceptionally fair and courteous, immediately took up the matter with the Associated Press, later sending us under date March 3, '33, the following memorandum from the Associated Press which he had just received: "We have definite regulation against the Incorrect term "NEGRESS" in reference to a 'Negro' woman. Nevertheless the Ohio staff has been again cautioned against its use." Thanks! Editor Earle Martin of the Cleveland Daily News. A. Fitzholan Wallace, who was in Cleveland in 1924 as the "national head" of the "Knights of Toussaint," trying to perfect local organization of the alleged order, and later went to Jacksonville, Fla., for the same purpose, has landed in Cincinnati where he is endeavoring to "open a college for Negroes." The "Rev." Wallace is meeting with decided opposition from the loyal, thinking members of the race, in the former "Queen City of the West," led by Editor Wendell Phillips Dabney of the Cincinnati Union. Neither Cincinnati nor any other part of the great state of Ohio is in need of any such "jim-crow" institution. There is entirely too much segregation in state and other Ohio institutions as it is. People, wondering why the long delay of the Ohio Supreme court in rendering a decision on that Ohio State University mandamus of some weeks ago, were given a rude jolt, late Wednesday, when it was finally Maine Man Gets Big Potato Crop THE POTATOES Washington County, Maine, is not in the heavy producing potato belt of the state. It is possible to get excellent yields of potatoes in other parts of Maine by the use of modern growing methods, shows Ralph S. Lyons of Washington County, 600 bushels of potatoes per acre last season. The first time he fertilized with Agrico for Potatoes and more surprised than anyone at his yield, the other grown more than 220 bushels per acre. Prescott Mr. Lyons exclaimed: "I claim the largest crop of potatoes ever raised in the town of Princeton." announced. When the authorities of O. S. U. restricted our student only (Miss Doris Weaver) to a certain section of the university's Home-Management house and allowed students of ALL other races unrestricted use of the rest of the house, there was radical discrimination, pure and simple, and we felt sure that this state's highest legal tribunal would so decide, but have been previously disappointed. There is now but one thing to do and that is to carry the Doris Weaver-Ohio State University case to the United States Supreme court. This will undoubtedly be done by our people of the state. A WONDERFUL PEOPLE. In spite of the fact that the famous Charles Sumner civil rights law is still effective in the District of Columbia and has been all the years since its enactment by the Congress of the United States, and the additional fact that Washington, D. C., located in the District of Columbia, is noted for its large number of superiorly educated "Negroes" of means, one NEVER hears of any of them making an effort to vindicate their rights in the courts of either the city or the district. Wonder why? Possibly Professors Carter G. Woodson and Kelly Miller will answer. We are moved to make this comment because of the furor apparently created by some of our people at the nation's capital because of the National theater's refusal to permit any of them to witness "The Green Pastures," famous play which had a run of two weeks there, recently. What makes the matter much worse is the fact that in spite of all the "jim-crow" visited upon them in many public places of the nation's capital, absolutely no effort has been made by them in many years to get their rights, to say nothing of privileges, as a result of court action either in that city or the district. Now comes the superiorly educated "Negro" cowards of Washington, D. C., excoriating the "Negro" cast of "The Green Pastures," because they played at the National theater. How silly? The company was not responsible in any way for the miserable conditions existing at the theater but the superiorly educated "Negro" cowards, referred to, were and are responsible. "The Green Pastures Co." is under the control of whites and of course its members have nothing to do with the "booking" of the company. But the superiorly educated "Negroes," referred to, are largely responsible, to say the least, for the color-line condition existing at the nation's capital because they have failed all these years to do their clear duty to themselves and the race and that is to make any effort whatever to secure their rights and privileges, under the famous Charles Sumner civil rights law, in theaters and all other color-line public places there. Maine Man Gets Washington County, Maine, belt of the state. It is possible in other parts of Maine by the use shows Ralph S. Lyons of Washington potatoes per acre last season. Agrico for Potatoes and was more Previously he had never grown m Mr. Lyons exclaimed: "I cla raised in the town of Princeton. Something Wrong! There is something radically wrong with a group of people who refuse to help relieve their own burdens. The day of throwing bouquets is gone forever. The Afro-American must face the facts as they exist. We won't gain any benefit by fooling ourselves into thinking that everything is right. Everything is wrong and the lives are wrong. The sooner we face these facts, the quicker we will begin to work for our own salvation. the sooner we will attain our rightful place as American citizens — Philadelphia Tribune --- THE GAZETTE, CLEVELAND, O. SATURDAY, MARCH 18. 1933. OHIO'S MOB VIOLENCE ACT Against the Mob and Lynch-Murder-Three Years' Work of a Member of the Race-Also Our mob-violence or anti-lynching bill was introduced in the Ohio legislature in 1894 and re-introduced in 1896. It took the Hon. Harry C. Smith, editor of The Gazette, just three years to secure its enactment into law. The Ohio Supreme Court has several times upheld the constitutionality of the law and has also passed a law that Pennsylvania has followed Ohio's lead and enacted mob-violence anti-lynching laws which are copies of our Ohio law. Several other northern states and at least one border state (Kentucky) have also enacted anti-lynching laws, in recent years. The Ohio law follows: Section 6278. "Mob" and "lynching" defined. 6279. "Serious injury" defined. 6280. Damages in case of assault. 6281. Damages in case of lynching. 6282. Damages recoverable by legal representative of victim of lynching. 6283. Person suffering death or injury by mob trying to lynch another. 6284. Limitations of action. 6285. Order to include recovery and costs in tax levy. 6286. Guardian's custody, etc., fees. 6287. County's right of action against member of mob. 6288. County's right of action against another county. 6289. Non-relief from prosecution. YOU KNOW 'ME, AL He Makes Up For It WHAT ARE YA, LOOKIN' FOR? THERE'S A GOOD LOOKIN' SOINT-LET'S GOIN' AND GRAB A GITE TO EAT? WHAT AGAIN? WELL, YOU OUGHTA KNOW THE REASON I GET SO HUNGRY IS THAT I DON'T EAT BETWEEN MEALS American News Features, Inc. BY RING LARDNER THERE WOULDN'T BE TIME. Section 6278. A collection of people assembled for an unlawful purpose and intending to do damage or injury to any one, or pretending to exercise correctional power over other persons by violence and without authority of law, shall be deemed a "mob" for the purpose of this chapter. An act of violence by a mob upon the body of any person shall constitute a "lynching" within the meaning of this chapter. (93 v. 1. 2.) Section 6279. The term "serious injury" for the purpose of this chapter shall include such injury as permanently or temporarily disables the person receiving it from earning a livelihood by manual labor. (93 v. 161 3.) Section 6280. A person taken from officers of justice by a mob, and assaulted with whips, clubs, missiles or in any other manner, may recover, as hereafter provided, a sum not to exceed one thousand dollars as damages from the county in which the assault is made. (93 v. 161 4.) Section 6281. A person assaulted and lynched by a mob may recover from the county in which such assault is made, a sum not to exceed five hundred dollars; or, if the injury received therefrom is serious, a sum not exceeding one thousand dollars; or, if such injury result in permanent disability, to earn a livelihood by manual labor, a sum not to exceed five thousand dollars. (93 v. 162 5.) Section 6282. The legal representative, of a person dying from injuries received from lynching by a mob may recover of the county in which such injury occurred, a sum not to exceed five thousand dollars damages for such unlawful killing. Such sum shall be applied to the maintenance of the family and education of the minor children of such person so lynched, if any survive him, until such children are of legal age, and then be distributed to the survivors, share and share alike, the widow receiving an amount equal to a child's share. If there be no widow or min or children surviving such decedent, such sum shall be distributed among the next of kin according to the laws of the distribution of the personality of an intestate. Such sum so recovered shall not be a part of the estate of such person so lynched, nor be subject to any of his liabilities. (93 v. 162 6.) Section 6283. A person suffering death or injury from a mob attempting to lynch another person shall come within the provisions of this chapter. He or his legal representatives shall have a like right of action as one purposely injured or killed by such a mob (93 v. 162 6.) 6284. Action for the recoveries provided for in this chapter must be commenced, within two years from the date of such lynching. In any court having original jurisdiction of an action for damages for malicious assault. (93 v. 162 7.) Section 6285. An order to the commissioners of a county, against which such recovery is had, to include it with the costs of action, in the next succeeding tax levy for such county, shall be a part of the judgment in every such case. (93 v. 162 8.) Section 6286. If the decedent so lynched has minor children surviving him, the fund shall be turned over to a regularly appointed guardian. Such guardian shall administer such fund under the direction of the probate judge, allowing not more than five hundred dollars for counsel fees in the action for such recovery. (93 v. 162 9.) Section 6287. The county, in which a lynching occurs, may recover the amount of a judgment and costs against it in favor of the bail or the sentence of a person or seriously injured by a mob from any of the persons composing such mob. A person present, with hostile intent, at such lynching shall be deemed a member of the mob and be liable to such action. (93 v. 162 10.) Section 6288. If a mob carries a prisoner into another county, or comes from another county to commit violence on a prisoner brought from such county for safekeeping, the county in which the lynching is committed may recover the amount of the judgment and costs from the county from which the mob came. The county must be a statutory negligence on the part of officials of such county in failing to protect such prisoner or disperse such mob. (93 v. 163 11.) Section 6289. This chapter shall not relieve a person concerned in such lynching from prosecution for homicide or assault for engaging therein. (93 v. 163 12.) OUR OHIO CIVIL RIGHTS LAW Upon the request of many readers of The Gazette we print below the text of the Hon. Harry C. Smith's Ohio Civil Rights law which the editor had enacted while a member of the 71st General Assembly, in 1894. The General Code of Ohio: Sec. 1294. Whoever, being the proprietor or his employee, keeper or manager of an inn, restaurant, eating house, barber-shop, public conveyance by land or water, theater or other place of public accommodation and amusement, denies to citizen, except for reasons applicable alike to all citizens and residences of or color, that full enjoyment of the accommodations, advantages, facilities or privileges thereof, shall be fined not less than fifty dollars nor more than five hundred dollars, or imprisoned not less than thirty days nor more than ninety days, or both. Sec. 1294. 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Don't Throw Away Your Copy of The GAZETTE After Reading It But Give it to a Friend or an Acquaintance who might Subscribe After Seeing It Monte Carlo of The Orient Prepared by National Geographic Society, Washington, D.C., which has been one of the gambling centers of the East, now, with modern improvements, is earning the right to the sobriquet "the Monte Carlo of the Orient." It is the only place in the world where fan-tan houses, opium factories and lottery tickets finance a colonial government. Macao is but the tip end of the island of Heungshan (also known as Macao island). All of the island except the tip belongs to China. The Portuguese area, which includes two small adjacent islands, embraces less than a dozen square miles; but there are few places in the Orient where a dozen square miles contain so much of interest. It is the oldest European settlement in the Far East and was for long the only haven of refuge for distressed mariners in the China sea. Its modest lighthouse, on Fort Gufa, was the first that ever flashed a beacon from the coast of the Chinese empire, and its little cemetery was for many year the only spot where a European might find an unmolested grave. Many wealthy Chinese live here, not merely because they find the climate more salubrious than that of Kwangtune province, but because their heads rest more securely on their shoulders here, under the Portuguese flag. The Praia Grande is a cool and restful avenue and leads appropriately to a plaza which is the vestibule of the grotto and garden of Camoens. The plaza is to be seen at its best on Sundays and holidays, when the band from the Portuguese garrison plays classical selections with the same ease and perfection that endear the Constabulario band to the Filipinos. On such occasions the plaza is adorned with the elite of Macao, with Chinese and Eurasian children of the "cunning" type, and with dark-eyed Portuguese girls, who flirt discreetly (but none the less effectively) with the young officers from the garrison. Scenes on the Plaza. This romantic plaza in Macao serves the traveler like a page torn from a school geography. Here, stalking grandly across the square, one sees a swarthy oriental noncommissioned officer with his head draped in a striped turban and wonders what the Hindu is doing here. Some one explains that he belongs here, that he belongs to the battalion sent here from Goa, the tiny Portuguese colony in India. Then another apparition catches the eye the silhouette of a row of ivory-black soldiers, topped with red feezes, festooned over the rail fence in front of the barracks. Plainly they are not Portuguese, nor Hindu, nor Chinese. Suddenly one of the dusky soldiers lays his head back and laughs—laughs loudly and long. The identification is instantaneous and complete; there is no mistaking that laugh; it is the same that you hear on the leaves of the Ohio and the Mississippi. It was made in Africa, and these are native troops from a Portuguese colony somewhere along the hot, steaming coast of the dark continent. To those who have sojourned among the frontier forces of the French in the Senegal, of the British in Sierra Leone, of the Liberians at Monrovia, or of the Sudanese on the upper Nile, the spectacle brings back old memories. Near the Grotto of Camoens is a hallowed garden, one seldom visited save by the few who seek it. It is the little "God's Acre" of the English chapel, the lonely burial ground of the pioneers who died in the China sea in those early years when there was no "Happy Valley" at Hongkong. Where Portugal and China Meet. Where Portugal and China meet But these details are not for the speeding traveler. He gleans the essential facts from a guidebook en route; his all-comprehending eye sweeps the landscape while the Hongkong-Macao boat leisurely makes its way to the dock, where the jinrikisha coolie is waiting to whirl him around the circuit and back to the gangplank. A stroll past the grotto of the poet, a snapshot of the imposing facade of ruined Sao Paulo's, a brief glance at a fan-tan game, a two-minute detour at the opium factory, ten minutes at the fire-cracker works, a whirlwind finish at the Barrier Gate, and Macao has been "seen"—at least on the average tourist schedule. The Barrier Gate, designed like an arch of triumph and wreathed by the branches of venerable trees, makes an arresting silhouette, especially when you pause to consider that this is the only place in the world where Portugal is bounded by China. The spot is more historic than the average visitor realizes. This little neck of the island is the place where, in 1537, the Western World secured its first foothold in the Far East. It is true that Magellan had landed in the Philippines earlier, but it was not until 1567 that Legaspi established a permanent settlement at Cebu. In 1557 the unwelcome Portuguese invaders were officially given permission to remain in Macao, and in 1573 the Chinese government built a barrier wall across the neck of the island to fence them out. Six times a month the gate was opened to permit supplies to be imported by the isolated foreigners, who held tenure by virtue of the payment of an annual rental. This arrangement was abruptly terminated in 1849, when the Portuguese governor general refused to pay rent any longer and ejected through the gate the Chinese officials sent to collect it. The present Barrier Gate was then erected to commemorate the event. With a guard of Portuguese soldiers on one side of the gate and representatives of the Chinese republic on the other, the Barrier Gate reminds you of the Neutral Strip at Gibraltar, with Britain and Spain on guard at each end. Making Firecrackers. Returning along the beautiful driveway, you find it convenient to stop at the outskirts of the city and take a few lessons in the craftsmanship of firecrackers. The process of manufacture is so simple that even the two-hour tourist may learn to "roll his own." First, you make the tiny paper tubes and paste red paper around them. It is like the traditional method of making doughnuts—first make the hole and then mold the dough around it. Next, you take a double handful of the little tubes, stand them on end, and tie a string around the bundle. Then you paste white paper firmly across the top and the bottom, so that the openings of the tubes are covered. With a crude instrument that looks like a nail punch you perforate the top paper rapidly to admit to each tube first a layer of clay, then the powder and the fuse and another layer of clay. Finally you string together the required number, wrap them in a net package, affix your fancy label, and the work is done. The Chinese have been making fire crackers after this fashion for many centuries and have acquired amazing dexterity. Fan-tan is another monument to the patience of the Chinese people. It is one form of gambling with which the Western World is not likely to become infected; it is too slow for the occidental, who knows many ways of arriving at the same results more speedily. How Fan-tan Is Played. The paraphernalia of the game is all downstairs, but the aristocratic gambler prefers the second floor. In the center of the large room is a sort of light well surrounded by a railing, over which a motley crowd is always leaning. Since the gaming table is directly beneath, every movement can be seen to advantage. On the long table are charts bearing the numerals 1, 2, 3, and 4, and the game is simplicity itself. You may bet on any one or all the numerals and you may wager any amount you choose. Your stake is lowered to the table in a little basket and placed on the numeral you designate. When the crucial moment has arrived the master of ceremonies, who sits at the head of the table, pours out a gallon or two of cash, the familiar Chinese coins with square holes in the center. Then, with a little rake, he begins rapidly to draw them in, four at a time. The spectators on the mezzanine floor stop cracking watermelon seeds and eagerly wait for the last motion of the rake. It takes about five or ten minutes to reach the fateful termination, and the issue depends upon the number of cash left for the last move. If you have placed your bet on number 3 and there are three cash left, you have won twice the amount of your wager, less 10 per cent commission. If there are 1 or 2 or 4 cash remaining, you have lost. CHE GAZETTE, CLEVELAND, O. SATURDAY, MARCH 18, 1933. Big Vogue in Promise for Cape-Suit THE FASHION OF THE TWENTIES A SUITS the thing! This spring song of fashion is being chorused in accents loud and clear throughout every style center far and near. Indeed, some of the knowing ones go so far as to predict the coming spring will prove about the most important suit season we have experienced for a decade or more. The exciting thing about the new suits is that they are to have capes, Not that suits are to go jacketless, no indeed! The real news is that in addition to the usual jacket, the smartest tailored suits include capes, short, long or medium length made of the very selfsame material. What's more, some of the newest many-piece costumes even go so far as to throw in for good measure a full-length coat of the identical tweed or matclasse or whatever the weave which fashions the rest of the outfit. Now, ask we you, is this not "going some" in the direction of being practical when it comes to a four-piece ensemble which is a whole wardrobe in itself capable of being interchanged to tune in with whatsoever brand of weather fickle spring may have in store for us? With this assortment of cape, jacket, long topeat and skirt all of one material at hand, one need not wait for the calendar to announce that spring is here, in order to don the new suit. Wear it now and show the world how well-versed you are in regard to what constitutes midseason chic. You are supposed to work the combination in CAPES AND CHECKS By CHERIE NICHOLAS Here's two important hints in regard to the new spring coats—capes and checks. Most every coat has its cape, for capes have gone on parade for spring. Capes that come off and capes that don't, capes that are fur-trimmed, they each and all grace the season's smartest coats. Then as to the popularity of checks, it matters not whether the cloaking material be of fine sheer woolen of sturdiest weave or of gray and white silk, as is the material which fashions the model pictured, it is almost sure to be checked, for checked fabrics are the rage for spring. You'd love the material in this coat. It is a sort of soft heavy cling-silk mixture which you are sure to like better every time you wear it. The gray棉 bordering satisfies the eye with a delectable color blend. this wise—for immediate wear, the wool skirt with its colorful blouse is to be topped with the full-length coat throwing the cape casually about one's shoulders as a sure protection from any jey blasts which winter may have left in its trail. Come milder days then doft the long coat in favor of the jaunty hip-length jacket, still retaining the cape. To appreciate the book of casual swank which this trio of jacket, skirt and cape achieves, we refer you to the handsome outfit posed to the right in the illustration. The material for this stunning three-piece is flocked tweed. When warmth spring days arrive the skirt with the cape sans jacket or coat will prove a perfect joy in the wearing. The cape-and-skirt costume is a favorite theme for spring, part of its lure being the invitation it extends to a flattering blouse to complete the trio. Be sure to note the hat which tops this costume. It is one of the new high "boxy" turbans of corsack influence which Paris is launching for spring. Another happy inspiration is the new and lovely cape-suits done in pastels. The model to the left is such. It is tailored of pale blue cheviot in a diagonal weave, with buttons to match. The bag, which is a soft felt hat zipped together, is also blue and the designer hasstitched a derby hat with a flaring brim of deeper blue taffeta to complete the color harmony. By the way, taffeta is about the smartest thing going this season for millinery and accessories of all sorts. © 1932, Western Newspaper Union. WOMEN NOW PREFER DOUBLE-DUTY DRESS Two dresses have always been better than one, but now women prefer, above all, the single dress that is really two. Transformable clothes—originally an experiment to test out the possibility of thrifty fashions—have become big successes. The fine feature of the transformable clothes is the fact that there is hardly an evidence of their double-duty background. Time was when a transformation dress showed its taking-apart qualities at first glance; nowadays hardly a dress goes by in any fashion parade that doesn't look as if it might be taken apart and transformed—hence the dress which has this as its purpose is not set apart from others in any way. Designers Making Much of All-Beige Costumes Designers are making much of the all-beige costume as an advance spring fashion. Introduced in mid-winter, the first beiges panned for 1933 were of a darker tinge than usual. Many of them had a greenish cast, or were crosses between beiges and grays. The current popularity in beiges leans toward lighter, paler shades. Many of the beige costumes shown in the better dressmakers are actually a deep, cream color, or lean toward pale yellow. One of the favorites is a very light beige that approximates the most delicate tones in baby lynx furs. Black Chiffon Is Being Revived for Evening Wear Black chiffon, an old favorite evening fashion, is being revived. Many smart women, tired of bright red crepe and black safins, are taking up a fashion that has always had big seasons of success, and are adapting it to 1933 silhouettes. Many of the newest evening dresses appearing at fashionable theater openings are either entirely of black chiffon, or are of chiffon combined with lace or with safin. THE Camirror DWIGHT L. HOOPIN-GARNER, American Construction Council, author, vice-crown-reefer plan' for owner - occupied farms and homes through revision automatically placing in escrow fee simple of distressed properties faced with foreclosure or tax sale with redemption privilege by owners and protecting all concerned during rehabilitation "PONY EXPRESS" TO INAUGURATION—Little Toby Cook on one of four ponies, which are carrying him from Chula, Ga. to Washington, 800 miles away. While Toby is riding one pony, the others will follow in a truck. He plans to change mounts every five miles. THIS MACHINE helped the St. Joseph Railway & Power Company of St. Joseph, Mo., called the Power Prover, an exhaust gas analyzer developed by Cities Service Company. Over 900 companies and hundreds of thousands of motorists are now using this new service to reduce fuel costs. THIS PRETTY MISS OF COLOMBIA, S. A., is hand picking coffee "cherries" in the approved method of that South American coffee republic. In this tropical treasureland, scientific cultivation and naturally favorable growing conditions combine to give Colombian coffees the rich, mellow flavor which makes them world favorites. RIGHT AT YOU!—This modern Diana, skilled with rifles instead of bow and arrow, is Miss Evelyn Kerr, Captain of the George Washington University Rifle Team of Washington D.C. VISIT GRANDMOTHER — IN SCHOOL: Going to school isn't an irksome task for these 9 year old twins, Carl and Barbara Bark, of Syracuse, N. Y., because it means a visit with their grandmother, Mrs. Jessie Alexander, who is their teacher. CHARGE 5,000,000 LIVE IN SLAVERY. Advocates of Abolition Say Many of These Are Tortured. London, England—There are 5,000,000 slaves in the world today according to Lady Simon, wife of the British foreign minister and a leading figure in the fight for the complete abolition of slavery. And "bitterly ironical," she declares "there are slaves in Liberia, W. Africa, a state which was formed by American idealists, who many years ago imported some 10,000 liberated slaves from the southern states of America, believing that they, who had suffered so much, would prevent anything reckless about slavery in the lives of other people. "But this handful of American Negroes has set about enslaving the native population with a ruthless cruelty rivaling the worst accounts of slavery in the past." Lady Simon urges united public opinion to help in the "first whole-hearted attempt in history to abolish slavery throughout the world. Slavery is a crime against the human race and no one who is even faintly aware of what it means could rest content until it was blotted out. Today the total number of slaves in most parts of the world is 5,000,000. There are many systems of slavery ranging from kindly care to conditions of the most hideous degradation. As to cruelty, there is no alarming mass of evidence to prove that all the old evils exist to this day. There are still the massacres and outrages accompanying slave raids, the brutal callousness of slave dealers, the whip, the chain game even branding, torture and death. "Mr. Coates, a missionary of over twenty years' experience, referring to child-slaves in China, says: 'Flogging, suspension, the pouring of boiling water over the hands, the amputation of the finger joints, gagging and tying up for torture with hot irons, and similar cruelties are not uncommonly practiced upon China's slave-children." **Hacked to Pieces in China** "Another missionary of more than 40 years' experience in China, Mrs. Dymond, states that one woman are hard to tongtongs with red hot tongs, boiling oil poured down their throats, hung up by their wrists, and for these dreadful deeds no punishment is meted out." "Haile Selassie, Emperor of Abyssinia, not long ago issued an edict ordering the manu-mission of all the slaves in his Ethiopian kingdom. What will be the effect of this edict? There is no country in the world where slavery is so deeply rooted as Abyssinia. Reliable witnesses state that every Abyssinian owes one or more slaves to the slave as many as 15,000 each. All told there are at least 2,000,000 slaves in Abyssinia. Slaves is upheld there by the Christian Church, and the large slave owners use slaves as a sort of currency, exchanging them for arms and ammunition." Kitchen-Cuplets by Della Taylor Office jobs and housework, too. Both have things that make us blue; Think of this if you would roam. Then perhaps you'll stay at home. "Distance," to most of us, "lends enchantment" and we often lose track of the fact that without a home few of us would be happy. "A man without a country" might be he more contented than a man without a home. "Be it ever so humble," home is still the one place in the world where we may relax and act absolutely naturally. We should change the old adage that a woman's place is in the home and say that home is a woman's place. By that I mean it takes a woman's touch to done, should be something that we ourselves take charge of, and not something that takes charge of us. An efficient housekeeper plans so that she has time for outside interests. She belongs to her Woman's Club, she loves her work; she goes to her别墅 parties; she has leisure time to spend with her children and her husband. She and her husband both have their jobs and they both have their leisure. The modern husband does not want a wife whose whole life is her home, even more than he wants one who neglects it. He wants a comrade as well as a housekeeper. Selah. Later on I shall tell you some of the things your housework, in time, you HOME It wouldn't be HOME without ME really make a home. Many women hate the routine of housework, and long for that will o' the wisp—"Career"—which always seems just around the corner. They forget that a job in the world which does not have a good portion of it that soon gets to be routine. Having been both a business woman and a home-maker (and therefore, at least in position to give an opinion), I feel that there is very little difference between a career in the home and a career outside of the home. Both require the same amount of ingenuity and patience. Housework need not be degrading. Like most things in life, it depends upon our own point of view. It takes executive ability to run a home as well as an office. Perhaps, my ideal of a well-run home may be a little different from that of other people; to me, housework, as well as any other work I have ever AN OPPORTUNITY! "The Old Reliable" Gazette desires an active agent and correspondent in every city and town in Ohio and neighboring states having a number of Afro-American residents. Only a little time on Fridays or Saturdays is required to make some money. We are especially desirous of hearing from persons in the following named cities: Springfield, Columbus Toledo, Steubenville, Zaneville, Wilmington, Xenia, Washington C. H., Lancaster, Plqua, Lima, O., and other places, particularly in New York. Write to the editor of The Gazette. 226 West Superior Aye., Cleveland. done, should be something that we ourselves take charge of, and not something that takes charge of us. An efficient housekeeper plans so that she has time for outside interests. She belongs to her Woman's Club, she does her charity work; she goes to her bridge parties; she has leisure time to speak with children and her husband both have their jobs and they both have their leisure. The modern husband does not want a wife whose whole life is her home, any more than he wants one who neglects it. He wants a comrade as well as a housekeeper. Selah. . . . Later on I shall tell you some of the secrets of budgeting your time in your home so as to get the most out of it. And now I have just enough time to give you two recipes, the first of which is for: Spanish Chicken Cut up a young chicken as for frying. Put in a kettle that can be closely covered and add: 1 can mushrooms 1 can tomatoes (without juice) or 1 sweet pepper (cut fine) fresh mushrooms 1 little red pepper (with juice) as salsa and plenty juice) of butter Bake for one or a half hours. 3 join or rib veal chops 2 carrots 1 green pepper 2 tablespoonshortening 1 Spanish onion salt and pepper to taste 3 large tomatoes or 1/4 can tomatoes Brown the veal chops in shortening. Either chop or slice the vegetables. Place these and the chops in a pan and allow them to simmer for about an hour. The juice from the tomatoes should furnish enough liquid for this but if you find that it sours away, stirer add more tomato juice or a little water. The sauce is delicious either thickened with flour or with cream added. O., and terms will be sent promptly. Our readers will oblige us greatly by sending us the addresses of persons in the cities named, and others in the state, to whom we can write relative to the matter. Editor. Attention! Readers! Our advertisers want your trade. Those who do not ask for it in the columns of "The Old Reliable" Gazette certainly care little, if at all, for it. Therefore, we urge our readers and all of our friends to patronize those who ask in this paper for your patronage. Editor.