The Gazette
Saturday, September 14, 1935
Cleveland, Ohio
Page text (machine-generated)
BRITISH BACK LEAGUE TO THE LIMIT!
THE UNION IS BENEISTE
FIFTY-THIRD YEAR. NO. 5
BRITISH
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Foods Protected and Preserved
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The Old Reliable"
The Greatest Food Market in the City
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Woodland Ave. and E. 55th St.
A LARGE VARIETY OF
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and Salt-Water Fish, Fruits, Greens and
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LUNCHES AND MEALS
Foods Protected and Preserved in Glass Cases and
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Body Welcome and Properly Treated at
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Woodland Avenue at East 55th Street.
Parking for Market Shoppers in Parking Lot on E. 53d St.
at Side of the Market
D. A. ARTHERHOLT, Sup't.
"The Old Reliable"
The Greatest Food Market in the City
Foods Protected and Preserved in Glass Cases and Frigidaires. Sanitary!
Free Parking for Market Shoppers in Parking Lot on E. 53d St. at Side of the Market
D. A. ARTHERHOLT, Sup't.
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ESTABLISHED, AUGUST 25, 1883 And Issued Every Week on Time Since
CLEVELAND, OHIO, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1935
FRESH OHIO NEWS
FRESH OHIO NEWS
SENT IN BY "THE OLD RELIABLE" GAZETTE'S CORRESPONDENTS.
CORRESPONDENTS must mail all letters for publication at their main postoffice sufficiently early on Sunday or Monday of each week to have them reach The Gazette office on Tuesday morning, and always have them reach that of their city or town on the outside of the wrapper about returned copies, if proper credit for them is desired. Lists of names, wedding presents, programs, obituary notices, inquiries for relatives and advertisements of all kinds, including items announcing entertainments to be held in the city, are sent at the rate of 15 cents a line, six words to a line. Our rates for display advertisements will be sent on application.
CINCINNATI—Dr. and Mrs. Clarence Smith, of Washington, D. C., visited his parents in College Hill.—Miss Jennie D. Porter, principal of the Harriet Beecher Stowe ("jim-crow") school which she materially helped to foist upon this city, years ago, has asked a leave of absence, as the result of poor health. It is the result of the teachers in Jackson school, has been selected to fill her place, at least during her absence from the city. As a matter of fact, the school ought to be abolished because it establishes a bad (segregation) precedent.—Miss Izella Howard spent her month's vacation in Cleveland—Thomas Monroe Cheeks of Oxford visited Mrs. T. Monroe, last week.—Dr. Kent of Cleveland, last week.—Bandwagon week. Other Clevelanders here, that day, were Dr. and Mrs. Stanley Brown and his parents. He is our only physician connected with Lakeside hospital] in that city.
SPRINGFIELD. — Frances Williams and James M. Schooler, who were married, recently, have been shown much social attention. He is a graduate of Wittenberg College here and has been teaching school in North Carolina. Mrs. Schooler was Wittenberg's first graduate. Mrs. Schooler now newweds will locate in Durham, N.C., next month, Mrs. Bazil Davis gave a big miscellaneous shower in their honor which was attended by Miss Adele Curry of Cleveland. — Misses Beatrice Foster and Mandeline Martin of Cleveland, who attended summer school at Wittenberg. Xenin over the week-end, Mrs. Allie Poynter and Cynthia Hampton of Cincinnati were students during the last three weeks' sessions. The several young women attending the school were shown many social courtesies, culminating in a formal at Mrs. Chas. Johnson, age 55 died recently. — The Gazette wants a live agent and correspondent here. Write the editor in Cleveland, at once, if you can act or recommend a suitable person who will do so.
YOUNGSTOWN—The P. E. R. and P. D. R. council, N. O. Elks, will meet, Oct. 13, guests of Buckeye Lodge.—McKinley Douglass of Steubenville who spent a recent week-end with his brother, Clifton, thorny enjoyed his experience picking blackberries and apples.—Geo. Black and Jas. Thompson left for Evansville, Ga., last week, and attended the funeral of the latter's mother-in-law in Bueno, Josta, of the city. The funeral was held at Centenary M. E. church, Sunday morning, by District Sup.' r. W. Stennell of Columbus, who preached ably—Mr. and Mrs. Victor Herring had as Sunday guests: W. H. and W. L. Smith, J. R. Leland, Mary L. Kelly of New Brighton, and Miss Virginia M. Leland, her cousin, of Cincinnati. After dinner, the party motored to Mr. and Mrs. Rayford Owens' and Mrs. W. H. Smith's, with Mr. and Mrs. Jim Mines and children, and Mrs. Mayme Holloway of Cleveland were in the city, Sunday.—The Evergreen Garden Club were guests of The Glenville Garden Club in Cleveland, Sunday.—Ask your friends if they are getting The Gazette, each week, from its local representative?
OUR MILITANT VETERAN
In the Realms of Race Journalism;
Hon, Harry C. Smith is editor and owner of The Cleveland Gazette. For fifty-three years he has guided this newspaper, famous as an advocate of race rights, thru the many trials and tribulations of his cities. It merits the support of all our loyal citizens. Editor Smith is the father of Ohio's Civil Rights law and Ohio's Mob Violence or Anti-Lynching law, and ever noted for frankness and fearlessness. Harry has made many enemies (and many strong enemies) and has questioned his courage or sincerity. — Editor W. P. Dabney in The Cinch nati (O) Union.
M
ON WHAT'S DOING
Councilman Bundy's opponent in Ward 17, Atty, Selmo Glenn, had a BIG mass meeting, Tuesday evening, at St. Paul's Zion A. M. E. church. It was the formal opening of his campaign. There were a number of speakers and a great deal of enthusiasm. You could hear the cheers for blocks. It looks BAD for Bundy this time. No wonder some of his workers are blackjacking and beating up his opponents.
Councilman Hubbard's leading opponent, Atty. Harold Gassaway, had his formal opening meeting of the campaign, Wednesday evening, at Temple Baptist church. Among the many speakers was the Hon. John P. Green, former State Senator, who made possibly the most interesting and bold speech of the day. Gassaway is going to heat Councilman Hubbard—win the nomination, and be elected! Mark our prediction! If you are curious to know why, ask Mr. or Mrs. Calvin Bryant at their gasoline station, corner E. $8th St. and Cedar Ave.
Slugging of two Gassaway-for-council workers in Ward 18, Tuesday, was added to the list of such complaints being made against the Councilman Hubbard forces. Wm. H. Seawright, a ward leader for Gassaway, said the two were gathering data, Monday, on gambling joints and other places they hope to clean out of the ward. As they drove from one place they were followed by a car containing three men, two of whom had guns. At E. 83d St. and Carnegie Ave. the Gassaway workers were slugged, the three men slugged and knocked to the pavement. Seawright said his expensive camera was smashed by one of the attackers. The Rounder is sure of one thing and that is this sort of thing is going to defeat Councilman Hubbard whether he is responsible for it or not.
About fifteen or twenty years ago, an Englishman, who had spent nearly a lifetime in Africa representing his country, returned to London and wrote a very interesting letter to a daily newspaper of that city which was republished in the Literary Digest of this country. In that letter he wrote that the growth, among the native blacks of Africa, of the Ethiopian church, saying also that it would not be many years until its influence would practically consolidate them. At that time, Ethiopia was known as Abyssinia with the result that many persons did not grasp the full significance of that statement, the writer being a double-crossing that country is now receiving from Great Britain, France, the United States and Italy, with their perfectly apparent determination to subjugate the remaining black nation in Africa (Ethiopia), makes perfect clear their determination to rivet, if possible, white control upon that great continent and thus make impossible the control of Africa in that country, if not in the world. If the Italo-Ethiopian war materializes, as now seems certain, it will be a long one, causing Italy the loss of millions, if not billions, of dollars and millions of lives. Will God Almighty permit this shameless conquest of Ethiopia?
Mary Strong Talks.
When Good Luck Comes
Few men are able to keep their heads when good luck comes. They immediately begin to puff up, strut and become overbearing and even rude. Luck is a test of character. Only the strong can hold their own and continue on their way without losing their balance. Many a man owes his final destruction to a stroke of good luck.
PLEAD GUILTY
TO VOTE FRAUDS!
The Four Admitting Vote Frauds Discharged By The City.
Three city employees who pleaded guilty in Criminal Court, the first of the week, to charges of fraudulent voting, were later discharged by Service Director Erick. They'll be back at work, elsewhere in the city's employ, soon. All three are members of the Ward 17 Republican machine headed by Councilman Leroy N. Bundy. The are the Councilman, campaign manager for Councilman Bundy and foreman of the city dump at E. 55th St. and the lake. He lives at 759 E. 95th St. and, is on the city payroll at 75 cents an hour.
PETER M. BURKE
MAURICE DAVID MAYERSON,
son of Hyman, who works with his
father and is on the payroll at 60
cents an hour.
FRED ERVIN, 2421 E. 43d St.
employed as a laborer on the Lake
Shore boulevard paving job near
Euclid Beach Park. He is on the
pallet court and an artist.
The Mayersons appeared before
Criminal Court Judge Alva R. Cor-
lett with Mrs. Hazel Taliafero,
age 32, of 2370 E. 87th St., a democratic
precinct judge. The woman pleaded
guilty to charges of voting in a pre-
cinct in which she did not reside.
The younger Mayerson, age 21,
pleaded guilty to charges of having
voted in four elections since 1931
when he was not of voting age. The
heard of fraudulent voting, admitting that
he voted at precincts in which he was
not a resident.
More vote fraud cases, some involving alleged "double voting", are being prepared for presentation to the county grand jury at this term. Assist. Co. Prosecutor Fred W. Frey said after the four had pleaded guilty. Erwin has been an outside booth worker, Hyman Mayerson a challenger, judge and outside worker and Maurice Mayerson an inside and outside booth worker. Frey said the investigation, which began about four weeks ago, included interviews with some 500 persons, had revealed that between 10,000 and 20,000 votes are illegally cast in the county at each general election. Close watch should be kept particularly on the booth-workers in Wards 11, 12 and 17 at the coming primary and election.
THE HITLER DOMAIN PROTESTS!
New York City.—The action and talk of Magistrate Louis B. Brodsky (Jewish) of this city when releasing, recently, five men arrested when the Nazi swastika was hauled down from the steamship, Bremen, was the subject of a second German incident to the U. S. on the Bremen incident.
Washington, D. C., Sept. 7.—A second protest from the German government has resulted from the July riot in which the Nazi flag was ripped from the building, and one because of remarks attributed to the New York magistrate who freed five men involved in the melee. Like the other, the State Department promised to investigate. The latest protest was made by German Ambassador Hans Luther under instructions from German government, from the department orally against what German officials considered an unwarranted "insult".
Wise Savings.
Do not scorn little problems. Sometimes their solution leads to great results.
Is your mind a warehouse or a factory?
Keep cool in an emergency until it is very clear just what should be done.
Beauty Hints—by Nina Temple.
An old woman whose sight is perfect at eighty says that she has used the following lotion as an eye-wash for the past thirty-two years. It is amazing distilled water. 1 oz boric acid (20% solution) and 8 drops of camphor. Bottle and use with an eye-cup.
SINGLE COPY FIVE CENTS
THE L
AND WARN
PUTTING HIM "ON THE
IL DUCE IN ETHIOPIA—
BITTER SPEECH
One Hundred Thousand H
ized and Equipped, an
Available for W
Menacin
LIMIT!
ARN MUSSOLINI
ON THE SPOT"—ODDS AGAINST
HIOPIA—SIR SAMUEL HOARE'S
SPEECH AT GENEVA.
ousand Ethiopian Soldiers, Organ-
ipped, and One Million More
role for War—Germany
Menacing Italy!
AND WARN MUSSOLINI
PUTTING HIM "ON THE SPOT"-ODDS AGAINST IL DUCE IN ETHIOPIA-SIR SAMUEL HOARE'S BITTER SPEECH AT GENEVA.
One Hundred Thousand Ethiopian Soldiers, Organized and Equipped, and One Million More Available for War—Germany Menacing Italy!
Geneva, Switzerland.—Great Britain threw its whole weight behind the League of Nations' "covenant in its entirety" in a declaration of policy by Sir Samuel Hoare, British foreign minister, before the league assessee Wednesday. At the same time Sir Samuel warns that if the league fails to enforce a peaceful settlement of the Italo-Ethiopian dispute the "main bridge" binding England to the continent will have collapsed. The bold pledge to back the covenant "in its entirety" was interpreted as an indication that Great Britain will not shrink from necessary to quench the African states' delegates of small nations hailed the British diplomat's speech with enthusiasm. Said one delegate: "It was not only a historic speech, but the greatest speech ever delivered before the league by a British statesman."
States British Attitude.
"In conformity with its precise and explicit obligation to the league stand," Sir Samuel told the assembler, "the British nation should with its collective maintenance of the covenant in its entirety and particularly for steady, collective resistance to all acts of unprovoked aggression. The attitude of the British nation for the last 10 years has clearly demonstrated the fact that this is no variability in the nature of the principle of international conduct to which they and their government now hold with firm, enduring, universal persistence. There, then, is the British attitude toward the covenant. I cannot believe," said Hoare in conclusion, "that it will be changed so long as the league remains an effect of the United Kingdom and the continent remains intact."
Offers to Split Trade.
Sir Samuel represented a peaceful reorganization of the distribution of the world colonial and raw materials."
The Hon. Tecle Hawariate, the diminutive but able Ethiopian delegate, addressed the assembly in the afternoon in fluent French, pleading for the continued independence of Ethiopia. He said he planned to say nothing more than to explain the situation between his country and Italy and described Ethiopia as welcoming help for her development, provided that help were disinterested. "We are a Christian people," said Hawariate. "Our independence is menaced. Yet we have given proof of our military power after any menace we may attacks. Ethiopia will associate herself with the ideals of the league of nations."
LAWYER - On the Spot.
French lawyers said the believed Premier Laval law firm point out France's necessity to uphold the league principles emphasized so forcibly by Sir Samuel Hoare, if the league is to be saved from collapse. Delegate Hawariate announced that Emperor Haile Selassie, in the spirit of conciliation, was ready to accept any suggestions which are reasonable and asked that the league of nations immediately dispatch a commission to Ethiopia to inquire into the charges brought against the empire. He denied the truth of literature recently circulated against Ethiopia.
Gives France Strong Hint.
Sir Samuel hinted to Britain also that it wanted Britain's close friendship it must join it against war. For the first time in public, he appealed, without mentioning names, to the United States, Germany and Japan to co-operate with the league in the emergency.
"The league from the outset has lacked the membership of certain powerful nations and since it has lost the membership of others. This lack of universality inevitably introduces an element of uncertainty as to how far we can count on world-wide support of the work of organizing and maintaining peace."
Great odds are against Mussolini's conquest of Ethiopia. If Italy does conquer the country, 25 years will be required to subdue the people. Mussolini would have the position of England, once actual histilities have started, for England's efforts now are "for public consumption."
In this manner Dr. F. Ernest Work, professor of history at Muskungum (Ohio) college and former educational adviser for the Ethiopian government, summed up the situation which has set all Europe into a turmoil, "Ethiopia can throw a million men against the Italian army." Dr. Work said. "They have 100,000 organized and equipped under European standards, and every feudal chief has his
This is the continuation of the text.
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Offers to Split Trade.
Layal "On the Spot."
THE GAZETTE is the oldest class publication of the kind, and has the largest bona fide circulation among Ohio Afro-Americans, double that of any other newspaper published in this or any other state, and comparison with any will imprint directly estates of the NEWSIEST AND BEST published in this section of the country in the interest of Afro-Americans.
own army which can be very effective in guerilla warfare.
**Il Duce Must Build Roads.**
"A successful campaign into Ethiopia is not so easy as the world may think. The Italians, in order to transport their equipment over the mountains, must build roads every inch of the way. They cannot carry artillery to build good roads. The Ethiopians then quickly. They can disband and reorganize with great speed. They do not have to take food along with them, for they can live on the food of the land wherever they are.
"The airplane has a decided weakness when attacking people of sort, for it will mean nothing to attack an Ethiopian village, which can be rebuilt immediately. It will cost just as much to bomb a few huts as it would to the Woolyhorn battle. If the Ethiopians conquer Ethiopia it will take them a century to subdue the people, for they are brave, warlike and liberty-loving."
Secret Pact Divided Land.
Secret Pact Divided Land.
The trouble Pact Divided Ethiopia goes clear between 1885. In Mr. Work said, when Europe started partitioning Africa. England has a treaty with Italy dating back to 1901, in which England and Italy divided northeastern Africa between them by a series of wars. The Pact has not been resisted, Dr. Work
Premier Benito Mussolini.
emphasized. Under the treaty, Italy was to get Abyssinia. The treaty also gave England control of the water supply from Lake Tsana and the Blue Nile for Sudan and Egypt. The tripartite treaty between England, France and Italy, drawn in 1906, does not guarantee Ethiopian independence, as generally believed, the educator continued. It merely says one of the three cannot take away the African country's independence without consent of both the others.
"The British effort, therefore, is for public consumption." Dr. Work continued. "England will continue to object so long as actual hostilities do not begin. But once Italy has started fighting, England will say, 'It is too bad; we are sorry, but since we are at war we will need our force in the way, provided that you give us Lake Tsana and the Blue Nile.'"
Mussolini Cheated.
Dr. Work said Mussolini claims he was cheated by France and England after the World war. Those two countries had promised Ethiopia to Italy if Italy sided with them against Germany, and they would take the German colonies. They had expected Ethiopia to side with Germany.
"Unexpectedly Ethiopia did not side with Germany and Turkey so the land under them over," he said. "Mussolini says he has a right to the country under that treaty, and the treaty has not been withdrawn."
Referring to the Ualual incident which started the hostilities and in which several Italians were killed, Dr. Work said Ualual is nearly 100 miles inside the Ethiopian boundaries.
"Maps drawn up by Italian geographers show this," he said, "but Mussolini had the map changed to place Ualual on the edge of Ethiopia. The France will not offer any rejection of the Ethiopia is located by a secret agreement between Premier Laval and Mussolini last January, the details of which are not known." Dr. Work said.
mm nn
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THE GAZETTE
E. 30th St., Cleveland, 0.
(Bell "Phone: CHerry 1259)
Member Ohio Legislature: 1894 to
1896; 1896 to 1898; 1900 tw 1902.
nt :
oa
GEA Pye ST
i a
5 ha
\ Cay 7)
10,000,000 Afro-Americans.
'825,000 in Ohio.
78,000 im Cleveland.
SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1935
iinanscaiabinia a teen
Councilman John E. Hubbard's
failure to assist a race enterprise,
the Bryant gasoline station, E. 86th
and Cedar Ave., is the prime cause of
its failure to be the success that
would enable Mr. and Mrs, Calvin
Bryant to take proper care of them-
selves and their children. There is
positively no way for Hubbard to get
away from this responsibility. It is
his, and his alone as the elected
representative in the city council o}
the people of the 18th ward, The
voters of that ward should hold him
strictly responsible for his refusal, tc
do a clear duty, that there can be
no exeuse for, Don't vote for Hub.
bard! and show that you have nc
use for such a city official. Atty.
Harold T. Gassaway, whose parents
brought him to Cleveland, years ago,
because a mob of southern demo-
eratic “crackers” were anxious to
KILL his father for educating some
of our South Carolina youths, is far
and away the better candidate as be-
tween himself and Hubbard. He is
competent, loyal and aggressive; af-
fable and easy of approach. So vote
for Gassaway and keep a clear con-
selence, some race-respect and self-
respect.
CURBING PROPAGANDA FROM
“MOSCOW.
Few people in America will quar-
rel with the sharp-warning from the
Government, carrying President
Roosevelt's approval, that the spread-
ing of radical propaganda in this
country must stop, The only com-
plaint might be that the warning was
too long withheld while foreign agi-
tators sought the overthrow of the
American system, stimulated indus-
trial strikes, and used their every in-
fluence to obtain the enactment o!
radical legislation by Congress and
state legislatures. It is impossible
to trace or evaluate the amount of
vielous propaganda which the Com-
munist party has circulated in this
country since the Soviet government
was given formal recognition. The
recent Congress in Moscow heard
boasting reports that its agents had
been active in leading American
workers into costly and sometimes
violent strikes; that they were work-
ing toward revolution by setting class
against class; that some of the legis-
lation enacted could be traced to
their activities. ‘The American gov-
ernment does not so meddle in the
domestic affairs of other nations, and
it has a right to expect that they will
not meddle in our problems. That
the Moscow Communist party does
try to do so, however, is a chal-
lenge to Americans to beat back the
attack. It is easier in times of de-
pression to get a hearing not only
for radical preachments but also for
quack doctrines for bringing better
times which might easily bring the
same results as radicalism—the
breakdown of our system of Govern-
‘ment, Hard times provide a field-day
for theorists, ‘The answer to it all
lies in a realization by American
citizens that their system has given
more of material things to more
people than any other system ever
conceived. The American workman
ig better off, his opportunities, of bet-
tering himself are unlimited, his
children are better educated. | The
American system gave those things
to every citizen, Proponents of radi-
calism can offer nothing comparable,
THE PEOPLE REVOLT AGAINST
DEBT.
Signs indicate that the American
people are at last awakening to the
danger of tax-creating, property-con-
fiseating bond issues, A few weeks
‘ago a special election was held ir
Rhode Island, in which the voter:
were called upon to pass on a num-
ver of proposals for building public
works, and carrying on other activi
ties in the name of relief. In spite
of the facts that passage of all the
bills would have increased the state's
measures, with their political back-
bonded indebtedness by about 50 per
cent, the “dope” had it that the
ing, would pass. The “dope” missed.
Rhode Island citizens voted down all
but one of the measures, by heavy
majorities. The measure that passed
provided for direct relief for the
needy, and was designed to achieve
the necessary purpose at a minimum
of cost—without saddling the tax-
payers with unnecessary and expen-
sive public works. A short time
later the voters of California met a
similar crisis at the polls. Several
measures which would have put that
already debt-ridden state farther
into debt, were on the ballot. An
awakened citizenry swung the axe—
land when the votes were counted the
measures had taken hearty lickings.
It is to be hoped that these elections,
in widely separated states, are sym-
bolic of the” national trend of
thought, The most menacing gov-
ernmental ventures of recent years
have been those which have piled
debt upon debt, put government into
competition with private business, in-
creased taxes, weakened state credit
and created) industrial fear. This
course has made it next to impossibie
to create normal jobs because private
industry, sole source of productive
employment, is afraid to take chances
in the face of confiscatory taxation,
legislation and regulation. We are
drawing capital into tax-free federal
bonds where its chief benefits accrue
to our growing bureaucracy, not to
the people or the needy, Follow
Rhode Island and California in de
feating debt-creating bond issues.
THE EXUBERANCE OF YOUTH.
At a Democratic meeting in St.
James A. M. E. church, Monday
Inight, to open the campaign in that
[section of the more or less moral (?)
Davis-vineyard, John Cobbs, a young
Republican student who, recently,
“turned Democrat”, made his formal
debut as a Democratic candidate for
the council in the 18th ward, one of
the strongest Republican wards in
the city. That fact sure spells finis,
“pronto”, as Bill Hart used to say in
the movies. One of the speakers at
this meeting, was the Rev. David
Ormond Walker, (with Councilman
Hubbard the opposition to the Bryant
gasoline station ‘Trace business enter-
prise) who, Sunday, in St. James
church, of which he is pastor, de-
claimed at great length against
Mayor Harry L, Davis’ candidacy for
renomination. Walker has been on
both sides of about every issue, ques-
tion and candidacy Cleveland has had
since his advent in the city, some six
lor seven years ago. He was strong
for Maurice Maschke, and then
against him; he was strong for the
city charter, and then against it; he
was vociferous for Councilmen Bundy
and Payne, and then against them;
he was for the other “Blossom Trip-
let", Clayborne George, and then
against him; he was strong for Harry
L. Davis, two years ago, and now is
stronger against him! Monday
night, he supported young Cobbs’
Democratic candidacy when he ought
to know that he (Cobbs) hasn't #
‘chance! Before the meeting closed,
Cobbs gave a splendid exposition of
the youth in polities when making a
speech in which he manhandled the
Republican party for many failures
to do for our people, and by praising
the Democratic party which has
always been and still is controlled by
Southern democracy, the race's bit-
terest and most harmful enemy and
as much Worse than the Republican
Party from every racial standpoint
‘or viewpoint as one can imagine! Bad
as the Republican party is, as far as
‘our people are concerned, the Demo-
cratic party IS INFINITELY WORSE,
and in saying this we are filing no
brief for either party. The young
man (2) will see things differently
when he reaches maturity, which the
scientists claim does not materialize
until the age of 38, in the case of
men, The Gazette calls on “Brother”
Walker to lead in prayer, for both
Hubbard and Cobbs.
Attention! Public Schoo! Pupils!
‘Cleveland public school pupils be-
tween the ages of 16 and 25 who find
it impossible to attend classes for
want of money for car fare, lunch
and other essentials will receive fed-
eral aid immediately. Under a plan
of the emergency educational pro-
kram of the Works Progress Admin-
istration, the needy pupils will work
twenty hours a month at useful jobs
around their schools and receive 30
feents an hour, or a maximum of $6
‘a month, to balance their educationa}
budgets.’ In a bulletin, issued, Sept.
9.35, Sup't. Charles H. Lake in-
structed principals to accept applica-
tions of eligible pupils. Applications
then will be sent to school head-
quarters, Get busy!
“Jim-crow” Schools For Jews!
Berlin, Germany.—Bernhard Rust,
minister of education, issued a de-
cree, Tuesday, segregating Jewish
children in education. The decree
establishes separate | (“jim-crow")
schools for Jewish children, begin-
ning next Easter. Isolation of Jew-
{ish children will begin in the primary
schools and later will be extended to
the higher schools, The decree pro-
vided that schools may be established
[wherever 20 or more Jewish children
fare prospective pupils, like the South
in the United States, for the colored
Americans.
Mrs. Mae Childers, former resident
lof this elty and Springfield and for
fourteen years a resident of Los An-
jgeles, Calif, was in the city, recently
to atiend the funeral of her youngest
sister, ‘Mrs, Selma Hammond. She
Was the guest of Mr. and Mrs. E. D.
Witererala. E. 434 St.
THE GAZETTE, CLEVELAND, © SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1935.
OHIO’S MOB VIOLENCE ACT
OR ANTI-LYNCHING LAW LEADS THE COUNTRY
IN EFFECTIVE LEGISLATION
Against the Mob and Lynch-Murder—Three Years
Work of a Member of the Race—Also ‘
His Ohio Civil Rights Law.
Our mob-violence of anti-lynching bill was introduced in the Ohio
vegislature in 1894 and re-mtroduced in 1896. It took the Hon. Harry ©
Smith, editor of The Gazette, Just three years to secure its enactment into
‘aw. “The Ohio Sdpreme Court has several times upheld the coustitu-
Monality of the law and it has been very effective. Iinois, Pennsylvania
|ind New Jersey have followed Ohio's lead and enacted mob violence ot
|anti-lynching laws which are copies of our Ohio law. Several other north:
|2rn states and at least one border state (Kentucky) have also enacted —
|anti-lyncbing laws, in recent years. ‘The Ohio law follows:
Mons.
|eection .
6278. “Mob” and “lynching” defined
6279. “Serious injury” defined.
[S280: Damages In case of assaut
6281. Damages in case of lynching.
3282. Damages recoverable by legal representative of victim of lynchiug
|a283. Person suffering death or injury by mob trying to lynch another.
6284. Limitations of action.
|s286. Order to include recovery and costs in tax levy.
6286. Guardian's custody, etc., fees. :
| 6287, County's right of action against member of mob.
|6288. County's right of action against another county.
° iy SS LLP VAG V YP VERBENA Vine h{ WEGEEN VJ thar
S snee IER OND BY ye LG YMA) Ve voucen YP \ J/)\ wane e er
cone, Sour ft See aie™ Ye] LARS mr OORer, WS] eeeute, Veetmce: | (See \ceceeanr yaa
08 Soule Smee ha Sree NY Se a \et| [pane acoudo | catcners, Oe THE, Jisrety asp! Paces |
. ae wee AT] AS ce ay Acrairvovanry SEH GORE GN) RARE | Spe PE wane pomPimecs
: IEND | ooh RUSE /sCetSeues | ESQING
3 “THINK ws I a LIKE Pen oees -
LS j ¢ , S edhe ees ND
oD rg ( AR | | CLs ce ; aS. oD
(—), §& Qs Aas (Ciena 4 | Cem) ote
Wi BG: i. BS YA, ew ve
i aS CS ) UH ( va Ite \
& \ aay AS 5 aie \ Nel AAS. y ae
b BS rh 7 IN Pen eae gi NAG a? {
ANY { f "i rN | TF ib ip E IN} SA) ia
p gy I Mis IAD | (pb racbtntn rate een AAT TRS RU ex Al
Section 6278. A collection of peo-
ple assembled for an unlawful pur-
pose and intending t do damage or
injury to any one, or pretending to
exercise correctional power over oth-
er persons by violence and without
authority of law, shall be deemed a
“mob” for the purpose of this chap-
ter. An act of violence by a mob upon
the body of any person shall conati-
tute a “lynching” within the mean-
Ing of this chapter, (93 v. 161 2.)
Section 6279. ‘The term “serious
injury,” for the purpose of this chap-
ter, shall include such injury as per-
manently or temporarily disables the
person receiving it from earning a
livelihood by manual labor. (93 v.
161 3.)
Section 6280. A person taken
from officers of justice by a mob,
and assaulted with whips, clubs, mis:
siles or In any other manner, may
Tecover, as hereafter provided, a yum
not to exceed one thousand dollars
as damages from the county in which
the assault 1s made. (93 v. 161 4.)
Section 6281. A person assaulted
and lynched by a mob may recover,
from the county in which such as-
sault is made, a sum not to exceed
five hundred dollars; or, if the in-
jury received therefrom is serious, a
sum not exceeding one thousand dol-
lars; or, if such Injury result in per-
manent’ disability, to cara a Iivell-
hood by manual labor, a sum not to
exceed five thousand dollars, (93 v.
162 5.)
Section 6282. The legal represen-
tative, of a person dying from injur-
jes received from lynching by a mob,
may recover of the county in which
such injury occurred, a sum not to
exceed five thousand ‘dollars dam-
ages for such unlawful killing. Such
sum shall be applied to the maincen-
ance of the family and education of
the minor children of such person 0
lynched, if any survive him, until
such children are of legal age, and
then be distributed to the survivors,
share and share alike, the widow re-
ceiving an amount equal to a child's
Share. If there be no widow or min-
or children surviving sueh decedent,
such sum shall be distritmted among
the next of kin according to the laws
of the distribution of the personality
of an intestate, Such sum so recov-
ered shall not be a part of the estate
of such person so lynched. nor be
subject to any of his liabilities. (93
v. 162 6.)
Section 6283. A person suffering
death or Injury from a mob attempt:
ing to. lynch ancther person shall
come within the provisions of this
chapter. He or his legal representa-
LUves shall have a like rigit of action
as one purposely injured or killed by
Such a mob. (93 v. 162 6.)
Seetion 6284. Action for the re-
coveries provided for in this chap-
ter must be commenced, within two
years from the date of such lynch-
ing, many court having original
jurisdiction of an action tor dam-
ages for malicious assault, (93 v.
162 7.)
Section 6285. An order to the
commissioners of @ county, against
which auch recovery is had, to in-
elude it with the costs of action, in
the next succeeding tax levy for such
‘county, shall be a part of the Juda
‘ment th every much caso, (98. 162
Section 6286. If the decedent so
lynched has minor children survtv-
ing him, the fund shall be turned
over to a regularly appointed guar-
dian, ‘Such guardian shall adminis-
ter such fund under the direction of
the probate Judge, allowing not more
than Sve hundred dollars for coun-
sel fees in the action for such recov-
ery (93 v. 162 9.)
Section 6287. The county, in
which a lynching occurs, may recov-
er the amount of a ju.gment and
‘costs against it in favor of the legal
representatives of a person killed or
seriously injured by a mob from any
of the persons composing such mob.
A person present, with hostile intent,
at such lynching shall be deemed a
member of the mob and be liable te
such action. (93 v. 162 10.)
Section 6288. If a mod carries ¢
prisoner into another county, oF
Comes from another county to com
WT) WAICW AAC
mit violence on a prisoner brought
from such county for safekeeping,
the county in which the lynching is
committed may recover the amount
of the judgment and costs from the
county from which the mob came,
unless there was contributory neglt-
gence on the part of officials of such
county in failing to protect such pris-
oner or dispurse such mob. (93 ¥
163 11.)
Section 6289. This chapter shall
not relieve a person concerned in
such lynching from prosecution for
homicide or assault for engaging
therein. (93 v, 163 12.)
OUR OHIO CIVIL RIGHTS LAW
Ohio Civil Rights law which the edi-
the 71st General Assembly, in 1894.
‘The Generat Code of Ohio:
Sec. 12940. Whoever, betng the
conveyance by land or water, theater
tion and amusement, denies to a citi-
alike to all citizens and regardless of
be fined not less than fifty dollars
nor more than five hundred dollars,
or imprisoned not less than thirty
days nor more than ninety days, o7
Sec, 12941. Whoever violates the
ered in any court of competent juris.
‘This law has repeatedly been helc
for themselves, under it, in the
forth
| (4
= * 1 a
7 oo :
a +e “aTy : #
. i fe ‘&
: Ca 4
ene a
ae s
iN Fs
About his time of month, she used
tolnave to remain at home,“usuely in
Beat But no longer ts she compelled to
Fisy thon certain dave. Whether it
Tebarmals, of Brosdcatta, or stage abe
Dearances, she's right oa handy ‘now.
How Cardui Helps Women
Cardui helps thousands of
women through the days they
used to dread. It tends to relieve
the functional pains of menstrua-
tion, and by continued use, a5
needed as a tonic, it helps to
overcome the tendency tomonthly
suffering resulting from poor
nourishment. Prompt relief, yes,
but still more—lasting relief has
been reported in a great many
cases!
Fipd out whether Cardul will
help YOU. Of course, if it does
not benefit you, consult a physi-
cian. Get a bottle, today!
ee z
(
CLEVELAN D’s TRACTION TOPICS
You Are Safer on the Street Car
Cat eYou are safer from the reckless driver—
ARE
CF a on the street car
7 RSE Daily the toll of traffic deaths rises. Fatal
y + j= Daily,
eX av ash crores headline the papers. The hit
yee eathea( se fvwer is a constane menace. Death
IROL OM ES does ride the highways.
\o DearS aa”
‘ois Up to July 9, automobile fatalities in Cleve-
Ped land numbered 107. Less, however, than
in 1934, when for a similar period the count was 120, the total is still
too high—in fact, any total is still too high. Be careful.
Travel on the street cat. Its the eafect place in the street. More than
2,500,000,000 Cleveland riders have been carried without a fatality
daring the past eleven years. A record that stands supreme because
Cleveland street cars are safely operated and strongly built
‘Avoid the reckless driver. Don't be hit-skip victim. Play safe. Ride
the street caf.
ge Ch go
There's a Bargain Fare 3
for Any Day or Every Day Fi od as
Co
e& The Sunday Pass... 25¢ Cos is
To Ch 1
‘o Church to the Park. Frequent Brake
P%® The Weekly Pass.-.$1.25 Inspection
te Handy for going to work Brakes on all street cars are inspected
and checked every three days. This
‘The School Pass... 50 js also true of other mechanical parts
‘An aid to higher € cain ‘on the cars and motor coaches.
‘That's one reason why @ street Car is
‘The Zone Fare...3 cents the safest place in the street
‘A downtown time-saver ese!
Summer or Winter
@e Street CarTickets...8% Street car tickets
cents (9 cents in some suburbs) ‘or Student Passes
a . Get pupils there in
Single Ride Fare and_ vane for classes
‘Transfers ...10 cents for one
ride—1 cent for a transfer. Ploy
* * * ] @ U EDITOR
THE NEW STUDY LAMP
Developed by a National Committee
of Engincers Headed by Prof,
Henry Baldwin Dates of
‘Case School,
Schools and colleges should be
leaders in the sight saving crusade,
according to Dr. Wm, E, Wickenden,
president of Case School of Applied
ey f
oo
2 ie
_e %
bc ar
WILLIAM E. WICKENDEN
“Far too often we focus all atten-
tion on the book, on the courses, the
subject. matter,” the daily assign-
ments, and forget all about the lamp
by which we must study," said Dr.
Wickenden. “Perhaps that is saying
Now He'll Pipe Down
By RING LARDNER
that we have left education too much
to scholars and literary men and not
enough to engineers. At any rate
this new campaign for sight saving
being sponsored by the Cleveland
Sight Saving Council has been large-
ly begun by engineers, and the new
study lamp for schools and colleges
has been developed by a national
committee of engineers, of whom my
colleague on the Case faculty, Prof.
Henry Baldwin Dates, is chairman.”
Reports on 46,000’ students indi-
cate that forty percent of these stu-
dents have defective vision. Much of
‘this bad eyesight and consequent ef-
fects could have been prevented had
adequate lighting been provided,
|. *MBAL-TICKET NEGROES”
‘The Bane of the Race, Mutilating
Our Rights—“Eternal’ Vigilance
‘ths Peke of lmets”.
Editor Gazette, Dear Friend:
‘The American Negro thru the 13th,
14th and 15th amendments came into
his citizenship to its fullness some
67 years ago. Yet thru chicanery,
misrepresentation and segregation,
our false leaders for the sake of u
meal-ticket have mutilated our equal
rights laws almost out of the con-
stitution. It’s the outgrowth of illit-
eracy of those who put self-aggrand-
isement above freedom and their
citizenship. “The price of liberty
ig eternal vigilance’. A free people
cannot too often be reminded of Web-
ster's observation: “God grants lib-
erty only to those who love it and
are always ready to guard and de-
fend it”. The purpose of the 13th,
14th and 15th amendments was to
give to the Negro his rights to Ameri-
can citizenship to its fullness. It's
better to live one day as a lion than
Berrygedinsomgmntgitie elie nial tectige patter yg
John Brown and my father gave
their lives for your liberty, our an-
cestors preserved their independence
by sacrificing their lives. Follow
their example! The Church and the
Press, as moulders of public opinion,
are not doing their duty. Like our
organizations, they are selling our
constitutional rights for a meal-
ticket. Harry C. Smith and Phil Dab-
ney, editors of the Cleveland Gazette
and The Cincinnati Union, respec-
tively, are 0, K. “The handwriting
on the wall” ought to be easier to
interpret. Those men’s descendants,
whose fathers gave the last devotion
of life’s blood for freedom, feel it
has not been appreciated, and by our
acts we have deteriorated and are
selling our liberty for a meal-ticket.
J. W. Rawlins,
4807 Beauben St.,
Detroit, Mich.
| ATTENTION! |
Business men and women par-
ticularly should recognize — the
fact that advertising with cireu-
lars, bills and cards, distributed
by hand or otherwise; are of little
use in convincing a purchaser,
and more often give him the im-
pression that the thing advertised
is an article of low quality. Those
who seek to sell seemingly lose
sight of the fundamental idea in
advertising, namely, to give the
thing advertised a legitimate ap-
pearance by advertising through
‘a legitimate medium. Purchasers
as a rule pay little attention to
circular and handbill advertising
because the medium through
which it ts advertised shares none
of the responsibility as to the re-
liability of the thing advertised.
Y. M. C. A.
Gor. Codar Ave. and E. 77th St.
A HOME FOR YOUNG MEN!
GHOSTAURANT · HOME COOKING
Individual Beds $2.50-$3.00
ENdicott 9094 and HEnderson 8720.
WHEN YOU NEED
a LAWYER
—or—
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Lottery to Colts (on request) or 18 applications.
"The Supreme Authority"
WEBSTER'S NEW INTERNATIONAL DICTIONARY
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Classified Advertising Department
FOR SALE — Bedroom set, a Waxy
Sagless spring, and a medium size
"Charter Oak" refrigerator cheap
for $1,999. Mazette office,
2322 E, 30th St, City.
CLEVELAND
Mrs. B. H. Oliver of Cincinnati spent the week-end in the city.
Lawrence Shumaker spent, last week Thursday, in Cincinnati.
Wm. Dickerson, age 106, died, Sunday, in Wooster, O.
Dr. and Mrs. Stanley Brown and his parents visited in Cincinnati, recently.
Mrs. Mayme Holloway, Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Mines visited in Youngstown, Sunday.
Mr. and Mrs. Wallace Stokes and his mother, E. 128th St. are on a two-week motoring trip to Idlewild and Chicago.
Miss Inez Genties of Slough, England, is visiting her sister, Mrs. Minnie G. Turner, of Cedar Ave. She is taking a course in evangelism in one of the local colleges.
A "Davis for Mayor—Payne for Council" mass meeting at Teutonia Hall, cor. Scovill Ave, and E. 31st St, was held, Tuesday evening. Speakers were H. W. Evans, Davis, Payne and others.
Edward W. Henry of Philadelphia, a Justice of the Peace often referred to as "Judge," and 26 other minor jurists of that city, were indicted by the August grand jury on charges of grossly violating an act of the Pennsylvania Assembly of 1827 by making improper entries on their dockets.
Rev. G. L. Prince, of Galveston, Tex., president of one of the two National Baptist Conventions; Rev. S. R. Prince of Fort Worth, Tex., and Rev. Garrett Prince of Omaha, Neb., and a few days in the city, this week, visiting their brother, Rev. Boston J. Prince who is critically ill at City Hospital. They were returning from their N. B. convention which met in Washington, D. C., recently.
The kiddies and junior group, under the direction of Mrs. Susie J. Williams assisted by Mrs. Cornelia Granger, will appear again, Thursday evening, at Temple Baptist church with additional numbers such as the attractive number, "Beautiful Choir," with children from 6 to 12 years of age; vocal and instrumental soils and tools laid out, the beautiful scene of "Tom Thuml's Wedding" and style show.
John H. Morton, E. 82nd St., the well-known engineer and plumber, who is employed by the Long Dressed Beef Co., W. 68th St. and the Nickle Plate Railroad, faced seven armed men at 10 o'clock, Monday night, while making his rounds as watcher. That makes him an excellent an elevator which they stopped between the first and second doors, then they rified a safe, escaping with cash amounting probably to several thousand dollars.
The Elks "Gyp" Joe Louis,
Washington, D. C. —The present indications are that Joe Louis is not going to get the money promised him for an appearance at the Elks' boxing show during the annual national meeting held in this city, recently. The purse was to be split. Until some settlement is reached, $1,000,000 is accepted of the contest are being held up by the owner of the arena in which the show was staged, pending settlement. Jess Owens of Cleveland also attended the show and was introduced to the crowd. Whether he was promised anything or not has not developed.
Sues Under Our Mob Violence Act.
Lima, O.—Allen County commissioners were named, Tuesday, in a $5,000 damage suit, under Hon. Harry C. Smith's Ohio Anti-Lynching law, filed by Mrs. Lucy A. Sarber (white), widow of Jesse L. Sarber, shall window. The widow her petition alleges the sheriff was "lynched" the night of Oct. 12, 1933, by a "mob" bent on liberating John Dillinger from the county jail.
---
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day noon, WEDNESDAY, of that
titresons accepted until 4 p. m..
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St. Cleveland, Ohio.
Central Ave.)
Bell 'Phone: CHerry 1280.
FOR SALE — In Choice residential district, near East bldd, a fine six Ft. 1000 Sq. Ft. building. Hoffman 521 Guarantee Title bldg Mention The Gazette, P. 5530.
PHILLIP R. MATHER
To Again Head the First Division of the Cleveland Community Fund's Campaign Committee.
Division A, which has about 550 solicitors, chief money-raising group of the Cleveland Community Fund, will be headed again this year by Philip R. Mather, 2521 Fairmount Blvd., representative of the first families of Cleveland, Mr. Mather, son of the late Samuel Mather who for many years was Cleveland's
PETER H.
first citizen and the Community Fund's most generous contributor has held the leadership of Division A since 1931. Previously, he had been active in Fund work as a Division A team captain and vice-chairman of his division. He is associated with Pickands, Mather and Coas credit manager. The 17th annual campaign of the Community Fund will be conducted this year from November 18 to 26.
WEIGHT IN GOLD!*
Cleveland, O. Aug. 25, 1935.
won, marry C. Smith,
Editor, Gazette.
Dear Friend—I have read
the best copy of The Gazette
through and after reading it,
I can truthfully say: it is
worth its weight in gold!
I admire true manhood—a
man who, seeing injustice and
oppression, dares, within the
limits of the law, to expose it
and, if possible, smite it. You
and I have frequently, during
the fifty years since the birth
of The Gazette, been, as the
Scotch would say, like two McNells, but, when I find a man,
such as you, who consistently,
and persistently, thru half a
century, puts his race foremost
in his life struggle, I take off
my hat to him, as being a true
friend of our class. Long life
and "The Old Reliable" gazette.
Yours for the right.
John P. Green.
(Former Member, Ohio State
Senate.)
AT LAST THEY'R
STARTING A GOL
CLUB THAT DOESN'
COST A FORTUNE
BELONG TO - ONE
$50 A YEAR AND
NO OTHER EXPENSE
NOW I CAN ENJOY
THE GAME!
THE GAZETTE, CLEVELAND, O. SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1935
JUT IT DOESN'T MEAN ANYTHING
AT LAST THEY'RE STARTING A GOLF CLUB THAT DOESN'T COST A FORTUNE TO BELOING TO - ONLY $50 A YEAR AND NO OTHER EXPENSES. NOW I CAN ENJOY THE GAME!
NOW I CAN GO TO MY GOLF CLUB WITHOUT FEELING THAT I'M ROBBING MY CHILDREN OF FOOD AND SHOES EVERY TIME I HIT THE BALL
WE'VE DECIDED TO BUILD A SWIMMING POOL AND GET AN ORGAN FOR THE CADDIES' REST ROOM AND FILL THE LAKE WITH GOLDFISH- SO I PUT YOUR NAME DOWN FOR $1,000 WORTH OF BONDS
ALL GOLF CLUBS ARE STARTED WITH THE IDEA OF KEEPING THE GAME WITHIN THE MEANS OF THE MEMBERS BUT IT DOESN'T MEAN ANYTHING!
WARNS MUSSOLINI.
(Continued from Page 1)
reserved, a most delightful conversationist and the shrewd man in my acquaintance."
Dr. Work helped make the Ethiopian constitution. The Muskugman professor is the author of the book "Ethiopia—a Pawn in European Diplomacy." Emperor Hailu Selassie, it has been announced on the highest authority, has instructed the Ethiopian delegation at Geneva to reject outright all solutions thus far proposed by the powers for the settlements of the Italo-Ethiopian conflict.
Germany Seen As Menace, if Italy Fights.
The most acute European nervousness at the moment is caused not so much by fear of what Mussolini and Italy will do as by fear of what Hitler and Germany may attempt if the Italians get themselves heavily embroiled in Africa. That is the opinion of Henry C. Wolfe of Coshocton, O. traveler and lecturer who has just returned from a three-month tour of the island of Kosovo continent. The chief basis for Wolfe said is that if too many Italian troops are sent overseas, the German dictator will make an attempt to grab Austria. What the consequences would be no one knows, for no country can say with assurance who its allies would be or how strong their support would be. Wolfe, who is a German during the World war, and after the war with the Hoover commission, said the whole question of alliances is vague, in contrast to the sharp lines drawn before the World war. He found no statesmen able or willing to tell him what lineups would result from hypothetical situations suggested. The general impression, Wolfe said, was that a German would show up in the field, would be a highly efficient unit, a belief which is based on the known proficiency of Germany's treaty army of 100,000, called "an army of sergeants." Wolfe said he saw a German construction crew, in a secluded part of a woods, drilling, executing the celebrated goose step and going through the manual of arms shown up in the field, said the German attempts any armed movement, the campaign will be planned for swiftness in winning its object, for the country does not have sufficient resources to feed and equip a major army for a long period.
Warsaw, Sept. 11.—A mob, angered at Italy's Ethiopian policy, stormed the Embassy tonight andashed several windows before police dispersed them.
OUR FIFTY-THIRD YEAR.
(Republished from our Aug. 17 issue.)
With this issue, The Gazette enters upon its fifty-third year of continuous publication every week on time. This paper made its first appearance in August, 1883, with the writer at the helm as part-owner, editor and manager. Many years ago, he purchased the interests of the other three members of the company and ever since the responsibility for its publication has rested upon his shoulders. How successful we have been is a matter of common knowledge the country over, and of personal pride of our people. The Gazette owns all our publications, many and varied, were and are vitally important to the race. They recommend it, too, in the strongest possible manner, especially to the loyal of the race wherever they may be. As a direct result of the effects of The Gazette, many years ago, the notorious "Black Laws" of Ohio were wiped out, and an effective Civil Rights law, and Mob Violence act or Anti-Lynching law enacted by the Ohio General Assembly. This paper, as all know, has never failed to do all in its power to help, defend and protect our people, not only in Ohio but those of the entire country. We have blazed the "the way to wiser and better political and other action, and turned back" the "jim crow Negro" who is more treacherous and dangerous opponent of real racial progress than any other enemy of the race. Indeed, "The Old Reliable" Gazette has stood out in the open all of its years of life like a beacon fearless and unaffected, never faltering and always determined. What it has done in hundreds of other instances to help, defend and encourage our people along all lines of endeavor, that lead to greater and better progress, is a matter of general knowledge throughout the country. We refer to this issue as the issues against discrimination, national, state and municipal, and in favor of all that was helpful to the race. Personal and business interests have always been subordinated by its editor to those of the race, and The Gazette's clarion call to Afro-Americans, generally, in season and out, has been to accept nothing in the way of treatment that is less than all citizens, without reference to class (race) or color, are entitled to. When it comes to our citizen-rights, here in the North, we have been and always will be, unalterably opposed to any form of torture, arbitrary punishment, tortory policy, so insidiously preached by "jim-crow Negroes" and their fool-prejudiced white masters. The Gazette believes in demanding for our people, in this section of the country at least, and in continuing to fight for. ALL that is due all American
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citizens, under the law. THIS IS OUR SLOGAN! It's firm adherence to principle, thru all these years, together with its known accomplishments, are its best recommendations for continued and greater support, and we respectfully ask it. To our faithful following of the past fifty-two years—thousands of readers in all parts of the country, from ocean to ocean and from the Great Lakes to the Gulf—we express our sincere appreciation. There is, however, one thing we would ask of all our readers, and that is that they urge their friends and acquaintances to become subscribers of "The Old Reliable" Gazette and in this way assist it to materially increase its circulation and power for good. For all you have done in the past, we thank you, and again assure you of our sincerest appreciation.
Harry C. Smith,
Editor and Owner.
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Sheba's Land
Ethiopian Army Captain in Full Dress Uniform.
Prepared by the National Geographic Society, Washington, D. C.-WNU Service.
ETHIOPIA, a familiar name in the headlines these days, boasts a long and imposing history. The kings of this ancient empire are traced from Ori of 4478 B. C. to Hailie Selaselle the First of A. D. 1933—with time out, naturally, from the date of the Deluge until the fall of the Tower of Babel. According to tradition the queen of Sheba was an Ethiopian. She may possibly have lived in what we now call Ethiopia, and certainly she included it in her extended domain.
Modern Ethiopia includes more than 350,000 square miles of the rich and productive northeastern African plateau. It is mainly a mountainous region, much broken by deep valleys. Arid, semi-desert country surrounds it on every side. It does not touch the sea, although some Ethiopian feudal chieftains like to grasp a marine telescope as they pose for a formal photograph.
A ride of 20 minute horseback, or five minute takes the arriving travel part of the city. Ad good streets and no "way tracks" quarter. I tions, consulates, hotel can motor cars, airplane some presentable bus. On one of the two print of the city is the ever-kerent place. Here once a tree which served for a gibbet. The other m crowned by the group which make up the list. The most imposing edging "Hill of the Audience Hall of the of the Tribe of Judah stone and given its high by order of the late lik. Menelik claimed to the descent of Menelik who was born her visit to Solomon.
In the population there are, perhaps, 5,000,000 Christians of the true Ethiopian (Hamitite-Semitic) type. They are the inheritors of an ancient civilization under whose feudal form of government are estimated to be 7,000,000 Moslems and pagans. The latter are mainly negroes.
The country is surrounded by African colonial possessions of Great Britain, France and Italy. As the Ethiopia of Solomon's time, it probably included all of these adjacent territories, with an Egyptian frontier, and that part of southwestern Arabia known today as the Yemen and Hadhramaut.
There is in Ethiopia a very evident mixture of Asia and Africa. Some of the blood came from ancient Palestine, some from Arabia, and some from the shores of the Caspian. Authorities do not agree as to the elements in this African melting pot of races. But the Ethiopian claims with pride a strong relation to the Semites.
Getting Into Ethiopia.
The front door entrance and port to Ethiopia is Dijbout, French Somaliand. The French are commendably responsible for Dijbout. It is the base of their 500-mile railway from the coast directly inland to Addis Ababa, the Ethiopian capital. This railway is Ethiopia's only modern connection with the outside world. Dijbout is, therefore, very important to Ethiopia. It is headquarters for an Ethiopian consul who gives intending visitors their visas.
There are two kinds of trains now on the efficient but expensive little Franco-Ethiopian railway. On Sunday and Wednesday mornings a train leaves Dijbout to arrive three days later in Addis Ababa. Each Tuesday evening departs the "through express," which does the 500 miles in 30 hours. Passengers can sleep on this "fast" train, not in pullmums, but in adjustable seats. On the three-day trains sleeping is done at little wayside hotels the two nights en route.
The first day of this railway journey ends usually at six in the afternoon, at Diredaure, the first town of importance after the train enters Ethiopia. It is on the fringe of a plateau 4,000 feet above sea level and a 200-mile climb from the coast. An interesting side trip from Diredaure is the old Mohammedan walled town of Harar, four hours away by rough motor trip or a whole day by muleback. Camels, horses, or mules are available as a means of transportation, but the mule is considered the most appropriate for one of actual or apparent high station in life.
The second night of the three-day train journey is passed on the banks of the Awash river, one of the peculiar streams of the world. At this point it is a swiftly flowing river in a deep canyon. Rising on the Ethiopian plateau, it turns northeastward toward the Red sea, but loses itself in the Danakil lowlands short of its natural destination. Awash consists mainly of a small railway yard, a one-story brick building housing a hotel under quasi-Hellenic management, a scattering of native shacks, and many cats. Food and accommodations are simple and the most essential thing is a good mosquito net.
Addis Ababa, the Capital.
The train gets under way again the next morning at dawn and rolls through lovely grass and forest lands, where gallop many herds of gazelles and antelope. Occasionally one sees the dark blur of a rhino breakfasting on the far side of the Awash River canyon. About four o'clock in the afternoon of this third day the sprawling city of Addis Ababa is sighted in a forest of blue gum trees, across a rolling, grassy plain.
A ride of 20 minutes on mule or horseback, or five minutes by motor, takes the arriving traveler to the main part of the city. Addis Ababa has good streets and no "across the railway tracks" quarter. It has also legations, consulates, hotels, many American motor cars, airplanes of sorts, and some presentable business buildings. On one of the two principal elevations of the city is the ever-interesting market place. Once once stood the great tree which served for generations as a gibbet. The other main elevation is crowned by the group of buildings which make up the imperial palace. The most imposing edifice on this designated "Hill of the Gebbil" is the Audience Hall of the Conquering Lion of the Tribe of Judah, constructed of stone and given its high-sounding title by order of the late Emperor Menelik. Menelik claimed his title by virtue of his descent from that first Menelik who was born to Sheba after her visit to Solomon.
Ethiopia claims to be the oldest Christian sovereign state. The teachings of Christ were introduced about A. D. 330 by two shipwrecked Phoenician youths. Before they became Christians, the ruling classes of Ethiopians were adherents of Judaism. Their present church ceremonial retains many traces of that great and venerable religion.
Resources of the Country
After the professions of priest and soldier, agriculture is the principal occupation in Ethiopia. The country is very fertile, though methods of cultivation are still primitive. Many fine beef cattle are produced, and the people are great meat eaters. They have what might be called a ceremonial custom of eating a bit of raw beef as a sort of hors d'oeuvre.
In addition to the ordinary kinds of stock, Ethiopian farmers in parts of the country raise civet cats for commercial purposes. From these animals they obtain a liquid musk marketable to French and American perfumers at $2 an ounce. The chase is also a commercialized industry in Ethiopia, and naturally ivory heads the list of its products.
Many an Ethiopian leopard involuntarily contributes his skin to American feminine fashion. As many as 100,000 of these spotted skins have gone to American furriers in a single year. Also monkey furs are an item of profitable trade. A shy member of the monkey tribe, called the greuerae, lives in the trees of the Ethiopian highlands. Their long, silky, black-and-white fur was worn by the Ethiopians as capes until Parisian dressmakers fancied it as a trimming for feminine finery. Lately the Ethiopian government has decided to protect its wild game by requiring the taking out of licenses and payment of hunters' fees.
Where Fine Coffee Is Grown.
The Harar district, town and province, is the center of production of cultivated coffee in Ethiopia. The bean produced is of excellent quality and ranks next only to Mocha in world markets. It is called "long-berry Mocha" and is sold to a discriminating clientele in the United States. Although the Harar plantations are descended from seed introduced from the Mocha district in Ethiopia, Ethiopia is the home of coffee. The tree was found originally by Arab travelers in the Ethiopian province of Kafa, from which it took its name. Seed was taken from Kafa to Arabia, and thence came back to Harar. According to the Arabs, the cultivation of coffee also spread to other parts of the world from the Yemen, in southwestern Arabia.
In Kafa and adjoining parts of southwestern Ethiopia may be seen today vast and virgin forests of coffee of the indigenous variety. It necessarily grows without cultivation or care and thousands of tons of the berries fall to the ground in waste each year. The outer frigges of some of these forests are worked by natives in sections not too far from export trading centers, where the market value of coffee is known. Egypt buys much of this coffee, shipped via Khartoum, in place of former importations of the Brazilian product.
Lions are numerous in the Harar district. They are the fine black-maned fellows so alluring to the big-game hunter. Probably other kinds can chew one up just as thoroughly, but the Harar fellow is particularly respected. When an Ethiopian kills a lion, he has the right to demand a special audience from the emperor during which to declaim and act out the feat. Afterwards he is privileged to wear the mane and skin as part of his warrior dress.
THE GAZETTE, CLEVELAND, O. SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1935.
By CHERIE NICHOLAS
MIDSUMMER prints are simply gorgeous. Adjectives, no matter how extravagant, how eloquent or picturesque, fall short of describing them. It is impossible to capture their beauty of color and design and release it wiher words. Like the full blown rose that reaches perfection of bloom in midsummer, the lovely prints now worn, especially the sumptuous evening prints, have reached to such heights of glamorous beauty one's very being thrills at the sight of them.
The enchanting gowns here pictured are self-explanatory as to why women continue to adore prints. The superlative loveliness of the stately model to the left in the group carries the message that no happier choice can be made in the way of a summery evening gown than a filmy, vaporous printed chiffon which silhouettes huge white waterillies touched with pink and green shadows against a misty black background. The scarflike arrangement which falls across the shoulders, floating in summer airness at every move, is typical of current styling.
Then there is a frock of perfectly beautiful flower-painted silk fantasy crepe which the lady seated is wearing. To mar the perfection of this glorified print with a superfluous trimming touch would be an unforgivable gesture. Which is why the designer fashioned this super print along absolutely simple lines. This print is vivid with splashes and dashes of warm tropical colors—as gay, as gorgeous as a bird of brilliant exotic plumage. The lovely dress with a cape centered in the picture has a story of fascinating interest to tell. It is of violet-gray mousseline de sole. Huge flower appliques, cutouts from a silk
FLOWERS CURRENT
THEME OF STYLISTS
"Flowers for Madame" is the current theme song of the stylists. Fresh flowers are being used as a definite part of current costume ensembles, used in new and unusual ways. There is, in case you didn't know it, a "tailored corsage" of orchids, for wear with tailored daytime costumes. The stems are wound with velvet ribbon, in a color to harmonize with the ensemble, and are pinned against the collar of the frock or jacket. For evening gay young things are wearing a spray of small pink orchids across the back of the head, thaar fashion. Flowers in the hair are all the rage just now. Reminiscent of Carmen are the sprays of red camellias worn by dashing brunets these nights on their dark curls, just behind the right ear. Another new idea is that of attaching a single orchid to your jeweled bracelet.
New Silk Patent Leather
Belts for Daytime Wear
Like soft, crushed girdles are the new silk patent leather belts for daytime dresses. They fit snugly around the waist, and are just a bit wider than the belts you've been wearing. The colors match or contrast with all your new summer dresses—bright red, dark red, pink, lilac, yellow and black. They give a smart touch that adds so much to your costume and proves that it pays to be up-to-date even in details!
Gilt Road Jabot
Jabots are not always of organdie or lace. The silver and gilt bead variety is modernistic and combines the role of dress jewelry with that of a fabot.
poppy print, are festooned on the cape forming a garland about the shoulders, also spiraling around the skirt in double file. The soft sash is of charteuse green silk taffeta. This gown is especially significant in that it demonstrates the use of cut-out florals from printed fabric as a trimming feature. Designers are doing very clever things along this line of thought. One striking effect is the jer or garland which is worn about the shoulders like a boa or necklace, or is used to finish low-cut necklines, that is made entirely of cutout flowers taken from gay printed chiffons or crepes or whatever the silken material may be. Boutonnieres made of the same print as the frocks with which they are worn are also smartly in vogue.
Perhaps one of the most unique and charming adaptations of cutout print florals is seen in sleeves which are formed of the flower motifs which are caught in the center only, the petals fluttering out as if they were real flowers. These flower sleeves contrast a monotone frock. By the way, advance news in regard to fall fashions places special emphasis on the approaching vogue of contrasting sleeves, such as lace or silk print or embroidered sleeves used with monotone silk or velvet or wool for the frock.
Again, speaking of the use of cutout print motifs, cunning collar and cuff sets are formed in the manner described above. The theme is one that may be handsomely worked out for bridesmaids' hat and muff sets.
The flair for beautiful prints also expresses itself in that several dress-makers are making up plain chiffon over printed satin slips. The effect is entrancing. A timely hint for your next party dress.
© Western Newspaper Union.
FALL FORECAST
By CHERIE NICHOLAS
The dramatic sweep of ostrich feathers on fall hats forecasts the return to elegance in fashion. Ostrich feathers straight, curled, jaunty or flowing are being worn on all types of hats from sports to evening. The picturesque afternoon hat in the illustration is in bright green velour. Its crown is cut sharply in half by a beautiful black and white plume which emerges underneath the brim, curling softly down over the neck. The other hat is a type which milliners are showing for wear with dinner dresses. The body of the hat is sheerest net—serves as a foundation for the luxuriant feather which constitutes the brim and trim.
THE GAZETTE SNAPSHOTS
"KITCHEN OF THE FUTURE"—Will help to revive building activity. Kitchen cabinet, sink, dish washing machine and refrigerator at the right are examples of iron metal construction making possible any color or combination desired. In foreground is a round electric stove on casters permitting cooking from any angle. Created by Briggs designers as a suggestion to the industry.
AND POLL SAYS TO FIDO-???
M
Meet "Stubby," newest addition to the beer bottle family. Although 31 per cent shorter than the standard size beer bottle, his capacity is the customary 12 ounces. He has been introduced by Owens-Illinois Glass Co., as the ideal one-trip, no-deposit beer bottle.
KING'S SHORE
2 ONT
TOBERMORY
LAKE
HURON
HARTON
SOUTHAMPTON
GOVEN
SOUND
KINCARDINE
GODERICH
MICHIGAN
SARNIA
DETROIT
WALLACEBURG
BRAMPPORD
LONDON
HAMILTON
WALKERVILLE
CHATHAM
TILBURY
LEAMINGTON
PELEE ISLAND
LAKE E
TOUR AIDS
A CIRCLE TRIP
THROUGH SOUTHWESTERN
ONTARIO
HARTON
OVER SOUND
26
BARNIE
N
TORONTO
LAKE
ONTARIO
KEBURG
BRANFORD
LONDON
HAMILTON
BUFF
NEW
STA
LAKE ERIE
TOUR AIDS
A CIRCLE TRIP
THROUGH SOUTHWESTERN
ONTARIO
2 ONT
TOBERMOR
LAKE
HURON
HARTON
SOUTHAMPTON
GOVEN SOUND
26
KINCARDINE
BARRIE
GODERICH
MICHIGAN
TORONTO
SARNIA
DETROIT
OWALLACEBURG
BRANTPORD
LONDON
HAWILTON
LAKE
ONTARIO
BUFFALO
NEW YORK
STATE
WALKERVILLE
CHATHAM
TILBURY
LEAMINGTON
PELEE ISLAND
LAKE ERJE
STARTING and ending at Detroit, the 800-mile circle motor trip through Ontario, outlined above, touches three of the Great Lakes and takes in a vast territory offering a great variety of interest to the vacationist and the sightseer.
At Winton is located the smallest national park in Canada, Flower Pot Island, where are situated a large number of the curious rock formations pictured above. From the Bruce Peninsula the route turns east to skirt a piece of Georgian Bay before swinging to the Muskoka Lakes district between Lake Superior and Barrie. This is one of the summer resort areas in* eastern Canada. From Barrie, the highway proceeds south past Lake Simcoe to Toronto. There it turns west
Striking north from Windsor, opposite Detroit, the route follows the east shore of Lake Huron to Tobermory at the tip of the Bruce Peninsula. This is fine fishing and playland country.
THE MEMORIAL OF THE MAYOR OF BROOKLYN
EDWARD J. DEMSON M. J. MANDELBAUM COL. D. H. POND
Active in the direction of the Roll Call of the Cleveland Chapter of the American Red Cross, which will be conducted throughout Cuyahoga County from October 1 to 15, are Edward J. Demison, vice-chairman of the Chapter and chairman of the executive committee of the Roll Call M. J. Mandelbaum, chairman of the Cleveland Chapter of the Col. J. vice-chairman of the Chapter and chairman of the Roll Call advisory committee. This is the first independent Roll Call of the Cleveland Chapter of the American Red Cross in seventeen years.
A
THE SPRITE IN THE SUNLIGHT—turns out to be Carle Lombard, wearing a bathing suit of navy satin and white sandals, of navy and white sandals as she combines exercise with her sunbathing.
A.
CHAMP TO ANOTHER—Jack Dempsey experiences with Harry E. Wilken, Sr., who produced 380,000,000 gallons of whiskey, more living person—and more "rounds" than can boast of.
AS ONE CHAMP TO ANOTHER—Jack Dempsey swaps experiences with Harro E. Wilken, Sr., who has produced 380,000,000 gallons of whiskey, more than any living person—and more "rounds" than even Jack can boast of.
AS ONE CHAMP TO ANOTHER-Jack Dempsey swaps experiences with Harry E. Wilken, Sr., who has produced 380,000,000 gallons of whiskey, more than Jack can count—and more "rounds" than Jack can can count.
er Reading It After Seeing It
HOUSE COMMITTEE ON NEUTRALITY
—These men worked out the compromise on the bill which had been passed by the Senate. From left to right, Rep. Sol Bloom, ranking Democrat, of N. Y., Rep. McReynolds, Chairman, and Rep. Johnson of Texas.
again to Hamilton and on through Brantford, birthplace of Alexander Graham Bell, inventor of the telephone and on through London and Chatham to Windsor. If desired, return to the United States can be made through Niagara Falls by branching off at Hamilton. By swinging south the river oldtrip trip car be made to Peele Island, the greatest bird sanctuaries in North America, a spot that was visited last year by more than a million American cars.
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Send for a sample of Coty Face Powder in the new shade, Rachel Nacrée, Coty, New York Dept. AN.