Gary American
Friday, August 3, 1928
Gary, Indiana
Page text (machine-generated)
VIRGINIA STREET SCHOOL IS REMOVED
"The Public Be Served" An Independent Weekly Devoted To the Best Interests of All
VIRGIN
Hoover B
SHEPERD, LEA
A Short Story by Rude
(Copyright: 1928: By The Gary Am
Ezekiel Taylor, preacher of the Gospel
slowly along One Hundred and Thirty-th
alien. He was little and old and bent. A
framed his shiny black face and his
Hoover Blamed For Indictment Of Howard
SHEPERD, LEAD US
A Short Story by Rudolph Fisher
(Copyright: 1928: By The Gary American Co., Inc.)
PLAN FIGHT ON DEMO PRIMARY
Ezekiel Taylor, preacher of the Gospel of Jesus Christ, walked slowly along One Hundred and Thirty-third street conspicuously alien. He was little old and bent. A short, bushy white beard framed his shiny black face and his tieless celluoid collar.
A long greasy, green-black Prince Albert, with lapey frayed and buttons worn through to their metal hung loosely from his shoulders. His trousers were big and baggy and limp, yet not enough so to hide the dejected bend of his knee.
A little boy noted the beard and wiped "Hey, Santa Claus!" Taint
South was therefore fortune, and Reverend Shackleton Ealey spent hours in Pennsylvania station greeting newly arrived migrants, arguing them to visit his meetig-place and promising them the satisfaction of "that old-time religion." Many had come—and contributed.
A stranger entered unaccentedly, looked about a moment, and took a seat near the door. Reverend Shackleton Ealey appraised him: a little bent-over old man with a hushy white beard and a long Prince Albert coat. Perfect type—fertile soil. He must greet this stranger at the close of the meeting and effusively make him welcome.
But Sister Gassoway was already by the stranger's side, shaking his hand vigorously and with amistakeable joy; and during the next hymn she came over to old man Gassoway and whispered in his ear, whereupon he jumped up wide-eyed, looked around, and made broadly smiling toward the newcomer.
Others turned to see, and many, on seeing, began to whisper excitedly into their neighbor's ear and turned to see again. The stranger was occasioning altogether too great a stir. Reverend Ealey decided to pray.
His prayer was a masterpiece. It besought of God protection for His people in a strange and wicked land; it called down His damnation upon those dens of infinity, the dance halls, the theaters, the cabarets; it berrated the poker-shark, the blackjack, the dice-roller; it denounced the drunkard, the bootlegger, the dope-peddler; and it ended in a sweeping tirade against the wolf-in-sheep's clothing, whatever his motive might be.
Another hymn and the meeting came to a close.
The stranger was surrounded before Reverend Ealey could reach him. When finally he approached the old preacher with extended hand and hollow-hearted smile, old man Gassoway was saying:
"Yas, suh, and RevN Taylor, dass jes' whut we goin' do. Start makin' rangements toomorrer. Martin an' Jim Lee's over to Ebenezer, but dey doan like it 'tall. Says hit's too hifalutin for fels wushup: Ain't got no Holy Ghos' in 'em, dass whut. Jes' come in an' set down an' git up an' go out. Never moans, never shouts, never even says 'amen.' Most of us is hyeh, an' we gonna git together an' start us a chch of our own, wid you fo' pastor, like we said. Yas, sah. Hyeh's Brother Ealey now. Brother Ealey, dis hyeh's our old preacher. Reveren Taylor, We was jes' tellin' him—"
The Reverend Shackleton Ealey had at last a genuine revelation—that the better-yielding half of his flock was on the wing. An old oath of frustration leaped to his lips—"God—" but he managed to bite it in the middle—"Bless you, my brother," he growled.
The Sunshine Social club had a very pleasant meeting last Monday evening at the home of Mr. Latmer, 2472 Jefferson street.
Announcement has been made of the marriage of Miss Ida Wells to Mr. Walter Williams.
The young couple will reside at the home of the bride, 2438 Monroe street.
The W. C. T. U. had a splendid meeting last Sunday at the home of Dr. and Mrs. James Garnett, 2300 Adams street.
---
FRIST YEAR. NO. 20.
A long greasy, green-black Prince Albert, with lapels frayed and buttons worn through to their metal hung loosely from his shoulders. His trousers were big and baggy and limp, yet not enough so to hide the dejected bend of his knee.
A little boy noted the beard and gibed, "Hey, Santa Claus! Tain't Christmas yet!" And the little boy's playmates chorused, "Haw, haw! Lookit the colored Santa Claus!" "For of such is the kingdom of heaven," mused Ezekiel Taylor. No. The Kingdom of Harlem. Children turned into mockers. Satan in the hearts of infants. Harlem—the city of the devil—outpost of hell.
Darkness settled, like the gloom in the old preacher's heart; darkness an hour late, for these sinners even tinkered with God's time, substituting their "day-light saving." Wicked, yes. But sad too, as though they were desperately warding off the inescapable night of sorrow in which they must suffer for their sins. Harlem. What a field! What numberless souls to save!—These very taunting children who knew not even the simplest of commandments—
But he was old and alone and defeated. The world had called to his best. It had offered money, and they had gone; first the young men whom he had fathered, whom he had brought up from infancy in his little southern church; then their wives and children, whom they eventually ant for; and finally their parents, loath to leave their shepherd and their dear, decrepit shacks, but dependent and without choice.
"Why don't you come to New York?" old Deacon Gassoway had insisted. "Martin and Eli and Jim Lee and his famly's all up da' now an 'doin dine. We'll all git together an' start a chuck of our own, an' you'll still be pastor an' it'll be jes' same as 'twas hyeh."
Full of that hope, he had come. But where were they? He had captained his little ship till it sank; he had clung to a splint and been tossed ashore; but the shore was cold, gray, hard and rock-strewn.
He had been in barren places before, but God had been there, too. Was Harlem then past hope? Was the connection between this place and heaven broken, so that the servant of God went hungry while little children ridiculed? Into his mind, like a reply, crept an old familiar hymn, and he found himself humming it softly:
The Reverend Shackleton Ealey had been inspired to preach the gospel by the draft laws of 1917. He remained in the profession not out of gratitude to its having kept him out of war, but because he found it a far less precarious mode of living than that devoted to poker, black-jack and dice.
He was stocky and flat-faced and yellow, with many black freckles and the eyes of a dogfish. And he was clever enough not to conceal his origin, but to make capital out of his conversion from gambler to preacher and to confine himself to those less enlightened groups that thoroughly believed in the possibility of so sudden and complete a transformation.
The inflow of rural folk from the
The GARY AMERICAN INDIANA'S GREATEST COLORED NEWSPAPER
This was prayer-meeting night. Reverend Ealey had his seat on a low platform at the distant end of the double room originally designed for a "parlor". From behind a pulpit-stand improvised out of soap-boxes and covered with calico, he counted his congregation and estimated his profit.
City News
The next meeting will be at the home of Miss Fannie Roberts, 2409 Monroe street.
The Messrs., Malcome Dade and Richard N. Hill, graduates of Lincoln university and members of the victorious debating team of the same school which won national fame by
Continued on page 3
Some Seek Rest and Recreation; Others Self-Development
WHAT THEY DO IS EXPOSED
Local 'Mams' Have Own Ideas on How Best to Use Time
Vacation is here with its problem to solve and "school days," dear old golden rule days, are the yesterdays for some of Gary's school "mams." And how is the host of Gary's intelligence solving this weight problem? To the ant type maybe vacation means rest, study, travel or play — to the grasshopper type it's the crying problem of how can I stretch these dimes into dollars. So there are those among us who are playing, traveling, studying for professional advancement and those who have sacrificed their vacation period to mold character.
Among those who are lending their energy to promote professional growth are: Mr. Jacob Reddick, Gary's youth in the field of matrimony, and we call him a youth because the honeymoon stage is not yet passed. He will pursue study at Detroit TTeachers college for six weeks. Along with Mr. Reddick will be the "dapper" Harry Schell who so recently grabbed his sheep skin and galloped away from Fisk university, the historic seat of learning.
Mrs. Marie Boothe, Detroit's own charming matron, returned home and will complete the work on her degree at Detroit Tecacher's college. Detroit is a mighty fine place, but there are those who refused to follow the maddening crowd to Detroit, but cried, "There's no place like home," so we have the dashing Mrs. V. Marshall who turned her back on the Detroit's enchantments and is again studying at Chicago "U."
And there are others—Gary's own artist, Mrs. Inez Brewer of East Roosevelt school will continue her studies in art during her vacation.
Miss Maragaretta Blattner, the beautiful little school "mam" was so happy to get back to Chicago for "keeps"; and she has decided to go on for an intensive study on psychology at the "U" this summer.
And there are others, too, who journey daily to Chicago, for each morning one sees the charming Mrs. Fritz Alexander and Mrs. Lila Duncan, books tucked under their arms, back to school days.
"Dame Rumor" says the delightful Bailey girls let cupid rush in and dart the heart of one of the bunch. If true next year the Bailley house will be minus one charming school "mam". The other girls turned a deft ear to Dan Cupid and will spend at least part of the vacation in moulding character. The Misses Porter, Buckner and Dennis at the East Roosevelt school and the Miss Ruth Haymon at Virginia.
There are others who are leading effort, time and energy to the same purpose. They are the Misses Tippelt, Murphy, Jones, Bryant, Mrs Carrie Schill and Emma Skillim, Messrs McFarlan and Edward at the Roosevelt school.
Of course there is always with us those who still hold that "all work and no play makes Jack a dull boy", so the dashing Miss Leola Smith gave up her delightful drives in her new Marmon to go home and visit. Texas is home to Miss Smith. She says she is going to rest, but can a pretty lady with a Marmon rest? No, not even in Texas.
Miss Diffay rushed south after making the rounds of Chicago exclusive shops to be an attendant (for) in her sister's wedding. The wedding will be one of the south's most brilliant affairs of the late summer.
The delightful Mrs. Anna Smith and charming Florida Leeke, two of Gary's most popular matrons will tour (and) during their vacation, taking in the scenic beauty of (the)
GARY, INDIANA, FRIDAY, AUGUST 3, 1928
Brother Jonathan Declares He Will Make Every Negro a Rich Man If Elected
As Happy as a Woman in a Millinery Shop
in his weekly health article for The Gary American. Dr. Bethea says: "Whenever people see you are about to slip, they make haste to prepare the way so you can break your neck, and then they are as happy as a woman in a millinery shop or a boy at a pig killing."
Such is the wit, weight, wisdom and wonder of Doctor Dennis A. Bethea, Harvard graduate, who writes every week exclusively for The Gary American, the most carefully edited Negro newspaper in America. Read his article on page four.
To the Editor of The Gary American: Sir, Because of this momentous hour when the liberties of Ethiopia are at stake, we the sons of Ham, must come to the rescue of our glorious mother. That is why, as you know, I have chosen to run for President of these most benighted United States of America.
It is true that I intend to let everyone who can prove himself to be of the Negro race sleep next to the United States treasury and also to the United States mint. I intend to make every Negro a rich man, and in addition to that I have added this to my platform:
Jobs for none but Negroes and exemption from paying taxes. Let the white man carry the burden. We have carried it too long. Let the white man pay the taxes and do the dirty work. Let the black man wear the silk hat and boss the white man. That's life.
As soon as I can get some campaign funds together I intend to give
BEAUX ARTS GO OVER IN STATE
Lodge Reports Great Progress Made In Several States
The United Order of Beaux Arts, which came into existence the first of the year, is making marked progress, with notable increases being made in the number of its membership and the prominence of persons who are joining the organization.
Formulated by Attorney Charles H. Mason, who worked out its fundamental principles, the organization has just completed an economic prosome of America's most beautiful playgrounds.
Mrs. Lila Duncan, Bulah Davis and Ida Guy will be contented to be mere house wives for their summer vacation, and such delightful house-wives these matrons make.
Would we could peep in on all of Gary's school "mams" for a wew minutes chat (tis impossible) on their hobbies and aspiration for the vacation, but alas tis impossible. But here is hoping that each will attain that for which he desires uppermost during the vacation.
PYTHIANS BURN DEET
(Gary American Press Service)
BIRMINGHAM.—A mortgage on the $750,000 temple of the grand
lodge of A. F. and A. M. of Alabama
was burned by lodge officials here
in celebration of the last payment
of their debts.
a dollar to every person that votes for me in the primaries and a ten spot for every vote in the regular election.
Talking it over with, Dr. Dadley Turner the other day. I came to the conclusion that it would be a fine thing if we had another heavy-weight champion of our own. So I have decided that when I'm President it will be unlawful for a white man to hold a championship. If a white man should want to fight a black man he would have to "lay down" or pay a fine of a thousand dollars and be imprisoned for ten years.
Mr. Editor, I'm still waiting for your suggestions. It seems that considering the heavy account of writing that you do, you would be able to think up something that would help out the old man.
I'm heavy for issues and will accept any that's offered.
Yours before I'm anybody else, BROTHER JONATHAN.
Debts Worry Girl; She Takes Own Life
NEW YORK—Miss Lulu Dedbetter Williams, a 22-year-old actress, committed suicide here as a result of worrying over financial difficulties.
gram for members of the race which is said to be calculated to elevate the status of hundreds everywhere Many Prominent Join In order to carry out this program, some of the most prominent and successful business and professional men in the state have been admitted into the organization and made officers of the order.
These persons are: Calvin J. James, who has been elected secretary: William C. Hicks, who has been selected as supreme national deputy: Dr W. S. Bailey, prominent northern Indiana physician, who has been elected as supreme medical examiner, and Chaucey Townsend, prominent Gary newspaper man, who has been selected as editor of the official organ of the order.
The organization has already qualified to do business in several states in the union, and a number of lodges which have been established in Indiana, are now said to be functioning, with their membership increasing almost daily.
Mr. Hicks, the supreme national deputy, has just returned from Fort Wayne where he established a branch of the order there. The enthusiasm of Fort Wayne members over the work of the national deputy was such that they named the Fort Wayne bunch "Hick's lodge," in his honor.
Headquarters for the order have been established at 1350 Broadway, and further information concerning the organization may be obtained from this source, it was announced.
Scores Willebrandt Prosecution of Negro Leader
(From The American's Bureau)
WASHINGTON—Neval H. Thomas, head of the Washington branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, is wrought up over the "persecution of Perry W. Howard." In a letter sent to Mrs. Mabel Walker Willebrandt, he said her activities in Mississippi are not aimed solely at Howard and his political associates, but at "the great Negro race."
"Perhaps you think you have deceived the colored people by your tactics at Kansas City and your entry into Mississippi to save it for white supremacy," said Thomas letter.
"This whole scheme against your colleague, the Honorable Perry W. Howard, was concocted right here in Washington by the servants of Mr. Hoover to take from the colored people the last vestige of influence and prestige in a degenerate political party that has lived on the Negro for years, and still lives on him while it double-crosses him and abandons him to his enemies.
"I would have you know that your antics cannot fool a child. You are not trying to clean up politics. If you were, you would do a few things in the Department of Justice, in every department of our government here, in the affairs of the Republican Party in every state of the Union, and in the patronage grabbing of other National committeemen, and in your national convention which was filled with office holders away from their work on government pay, and delivering their vote and their souls for other emoluments.
"No, my dear lady, you are deceiving no one but yourself. Your industrious (and, as you think, shrewd) activities are not even against Mr. Howard. They are against the colored race. Mr. Hoover and his machine have turned the Negro over to the Rebel South in the foolish notion that he can break it, and at the same time hold the Negro in line in a dozen Northern states where he can determine the Presidency. We issue the challenge, and we will meet you in November at the polls.
"On your holy crusade you passed through a half dozen states in which the Constitution of the United States, that you are pledged to defend, is most flagrantly violated, and admitted so, even in so high a place as the United States Senate. The fourteenth and fifteenth amendments are outraged every day, and even the thirteenth, for through the infamy of peonage, there is slavery as complete and brutal as that destroyed by the blood and carnage of the Civil War. You landed in Mississippi where every conceivable crime is committed against our Constitution yet you opened not your mouth."
Thomas warns Mrs. Willebrandt that the Negro voter will turn from the Republican party.
"We shall meet the faithless party at the polls. Every Negro newspaper in the country is railing against the outrage, informing our millions of this last assault upon their liberties.
Howard were guilty of every disclose, he would only be the ancient and well-used policy of all politicians, manipulating the appoint- o, you are not after Mr. Howard; you are after the great Negro race."
The Misses Cymbaline Butler and Lucile Kennedy and the Messrs. Cassium and Tennyson Butler, and Mr. Calhoun spent Sunday in Gary as the guest of their many friends.
STAUNTON 5
Gary Public Library
5th Jeffery
Garage
and Com-
Newspaper
Action Automatically Kills Controversy Started By Parents of Former Emerson High Students, Is Significance
NEW YORK.—Immediately upon receipt of the news that Federal Judge C. C. Hutcheson, at Houston, Texas on July 24 had ruled that political parties may prescribe their own membership qualifications and that the Democratic party therefore can bar Negro voters from participation in their primaries, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People set in motion plans upon which work was begun some months since to combat this newest attempt to debar Negroes from these primaries.
It will be remembered that the N. A. A. C. P. won one of its most signal victories in the United States Supreme court in March, 1927 when in the famous case of Nixon v. Herndon that court ruled unequivocally as unconstitutional a statute passed by the Texas State legislature which declared that "in no event shall a Negro be eligible to participate in a Democratic election
Continued on page 2
They Do Say
Bits of Rumor About This
and That, But Mostly of
That Than This
That when "Birmie" returned
from his vacation at the expense
of the county and was questioned as to
his swollen jaw, he replied, "Oh,
Well, there occurred a slight difference
of opinion as to a certain young
lady's character; as a result bellicose manifestations developed, ensued by consequent traumatic contasion."
♣ ♣ ♣
That C. C. catches the street car
at 22nd and Broadway here of late for
some reason.
That A. Bryant had "something"
wished off on her the other night
that she didn't want.
That when T. Moore deserted E.
Bogan at the dance the other night,
she reluctantly went back to her
former love.
♦ ♦ ♦
That E. Young has postponed his trip to New York due to his financial standing.
That T. Sealback was accompanied by L. Means to the Palace Theatre. Now, L. M., is that playing fair with your lady love?
That B. Mackey and C. Hayes are going in the "Wheel" business. Give them a trial, folks.
That E. Barge says he is not a Frenchman, as we previous stated, but an Italian.
That W. McPherson is seeing R. Wilson very often here lately.
That H. Cardwell wants to inform the "gossip column" that her "sweet man" sees her four nights out of the week instead of just one as was previously stated. Beg your pardon H.
That L. Means is looking forward to his freedom next week. Sah. (F. R. is going on her wek's vacation).
That M. Dixon sprung a big surprise on the public when he traded in an old Ford for a "spank" brank new Whippet.
That "flying ebony" of 1928 appears to be the laziest man on the street. Watch his smoke in the 1932 Olympics.
OVED
EMOVED TO
I AS RESULT OF
F GARY LAND FIRM
lly Kills Controversy
of Former Emerson
Is Significance
Working quietly under orders of the school board, a score of carpenters and wreckers were still at work today tearing down the parable buildings which house Vighitra street school, at 15th avenue.
Long a factor of controversy be between irate parents of school children and the Gary school system, the school is being town down as a result of an ultimatum delivered the school board by the Gary Land company to vacate the property.
The property, owned by the Gary Land company, has been also a factor in the controversy, and, according to reports, the Gary Land company has demanded that the school be moved in order that the ground may be converted into lots for residences in a new real estate addition.
Go to West Patsaki
The school will be removed to the Pulaski street school campus, where some of the portable buildings are now being torn down, it will be erected to house that part of the enrollment which cannot be taken care of in the brick/building.
News of the transfer of the school buildings had not generally swept over the city at a late hour today and the information came as a surprise to many who did not contemplate this action, which probably will bring to a halt the present controversy over the school which has been waged by parents of students who took offense when they were ordered from Emerson high school to Virgins.
Contending that the school was inadequate and not equipped to give high school instruction, parents of four Virginia street school students fitted suit last winter to compel the school board to admit their children in Emerson high school, or some similar school of accredited standing.
DEBATERS END SPEECHES HERE
Lincoln University Students Wind Up Peace Mission
Leaving a profound impression of the horrors and disasters of war, Messrs. Richard H. Hill and Malcolm Dade, representing the American Friend's Service committee of Philadelphia, left for South Bend Monday afternoon after filling a half dozen speaking engagements at various clubs, churches and organizations in Gary.
From South Bend, the pair will travel to Fort Wayne, and from Fort Wayne they will go to Indianapolis, where The Gary American has secured an engagement for them to speak at the memorial services for the late Madam C. J. Walker.
The American likewise secured engagements for them to speak at City church, Trinity M. E. church, First A. M. E. church, and at Hammond.
At each of the places where they spoke, Messrs. Dade and Hill denounced war as useless and disastrous, and predicted that another war similar to the World's War would mean the destruction of mankind throughout the world.
Speaking at a plenic held by members of the Whiting, Indiana, W. C. T. U. Friday afternoon, both speakers denounced war as an imperialistic design. Mr. Dade spoke on the subject of "Citizens' Military Training Camp" while Mr. Hill discussed "The Causes and Benefits of War."
At First A. M. E. church morning, thru an arrangement made by The Gary American, Mr. Dade spoke to an audience of about 300 persons on international peace. At the same hour, Mr. Hill spoke to about 400 persons at Saint Paul Baptist church, 19th and Adams.
At the residence of Mrs. Ida L. Garnett Sunday afternoon, they spoke to an audience of women on international peace. Unusual interest was shown by auditors who heard them speak.
Speaking at Trinity M. E. church
Continued on page 2
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CLASSIFIED COLUMNS
CLASSIFIED ADVERTISING
INFORMATION
All advertisement issued for the
classified advertising section of the Gary
American are subject to their particu-
lar rules and will be set up in
regular classified advertising type, unless
otherwise specified.
The Gary American will appreciate calli-
nate advertising in its classified
advertising section as clearly as
possible. Corrections may be given over the
telephone.
TELEPHONE SERVICE
Any classified advertisement may be
phoned in. Persons wishing to place an
ad in the American may simply ask for
an take, they will simply drive all
information and help necessary.
CLASSIFIED RATES
The weekly rate per line for classified
advertisements is as follows:
Charge Cash
One Week 15c
Two weeks 15c 14c
Three Weeks 15c 13c
One Month 14c 13c
ANNOUNCEMENTS
LOTS FOR SALE—We have a number of good lots in selected sections of the city for sale. Small down payment, least $10,000. Realty Investment Co. 7 E. 19th Ave. Phone 8865. APARTMENTS FOR RENT FOUR room apartment, modern, all conveniences at 28rd and Broadway. Phone 6726. 1-t
AUTOMOTIVE
AUTO PARTS for all kinds and makes of automobiles can be had at the Lake County Wrecking and Auto Supply, 1816 Broadway. Phone 2250. 8-17
IGNITION SHOT?—Let us fix up your ignition and battery. Reasonable charges. Pelka Auto Electric Service. 2157 Broadway.
AUTO BARGAINS—We always have plenty of good bargains in used automobiles. See us before buying. Lever-Val. 2133 Broadway.
SITUATIONS WANTED
STENOGRAPHER—Nearly two years experience as stenographer and typist. Use a social media tool for reasonable salary. Apply Box 102, Gary American.
OFFICE GIRL—High school student wants job as office girl. Only want small salary and can supply excellent references. Apply Box 103, Gary American.
HELP WANTED
WANTED—Fourbucks to sell copies of the Gary American every week. Good commission and chance for promotion. Call or phone for additional information.
WANTED—Energetic high school student on the Gary American team. The Gary American. Opportunity to make neat sum every week and to get wonderful business contact and experience. See the Business Manager, The Gary American.
PERSONAL SERVICE
NEW 1928 Personal Liberty Course just out. We are all quickly overjoyed to choose the field of labor and blushing they believe themselves to do. If best fitted and through which career can render the largest service tction cley, remembering that whatever profession they may follow has plenty, of work to be done that nobody is doing.
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There is perhaps a very definite reason that so many young men are turning to Law, Dentistry and Medicine; these professions have furnished the easiest access to money; and Dollars have become the God of purge.
It is estimated that one out of every five Lawyers, Dentists and Doctors of our race are serving in Dining Cars, Pullman Cars, Hotels or doing some other type of work other than their own profession.
At this particular period in the life of the American Negro, there is a demand, and an opportunity for small business and skilled labor, which properly co-ordinated employment, be made to succeed in a ve. Newable way, and which are to the future success of S.
It is possible that slidg. 19th and 18th men who price per month the needs. Law of business. For further information, phone Gary 3785. 1-
USED FURNITURE
If you are looking for used furniture at the right prices, see the Used Furniture Store, 1830 Broadway. Sale on beds and springs now on going. Easy Payments.
Also commencing at the intersection of the center lines of Alley No. 38-B South and Alley No. 38-C North, the center line of Alley No. 16 East with a 15' circular sewer a distance of 160'; north on the center line of Alley No. 16 and with a 12' circular sewer a distance of 795'. Also commencing at the intersection of the center lines of Alley No. 15 East and Alley No. 15 East, thence north on
The Board of Public Works will meet on the 18th day of August, 1928, at nine o'clock in the morning to receive and hear reconstructions from any person whose property may be affected by such proposed construction and as such may be acquired upon the property to be assessed will equal the estimated cost of said improvement and will determine whether or not such benefits will exceed such estimated cost and will be drained to its herein properly described and take further and final action in the premises, confirming, modifying, changing, altering or rescinding its Preliminary Resolution. By order of the Board of Public Works. CHESTER J. DUNN
JOE HARRY J. ARNOLD
BOARD OF PUBLIC WORKS.
ATTEST: MILDRED MEYER
exly also commencing at the center line of
exly No. 62 East and 10' south of the
CPCH line of 3rd Avenue; thence west on
wifi; then south on 10' west of the
of 3rd Avenue with a 12' circular
eternal a distance of 105'; together with all
holes, catch basins and all other nec-
applications; the applications are
wrapped in the office and specifications now
file in the office of the City Engineer.
d The said Board of Public Works has
copted details, maps, drawings and spe-
cimens; the said sewer which are now
in file at the office of the said Board of
Public Works.
The Board of Public Works will meet on the 13th day of August, at nine o'clock a.m. the day before to receive and hear remonstrances from any person whose property may be affected by such property restitution and to what the special benefit to be accrued upon the property to be assessed may be imposed. The Board will prove and will determine whether or not such benefits will exceed such estimated cost and whether the district to be held responsible for such benefits take further and final action in the premises, confirming, modifying, changing, al- or rescinding its Preliminary Resolution. By order of the Board of Public Works.
(CHESTER J. DUNN)
1000 W. 12TH ST.
Legal Notice No.19
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN: That on the 23rd day of July, 1928, the Board of County, Indiana, adopted DECLARATORY RESOLUTION NUMBER 6845 for the IMPROVEMENT OF TYLER STREET. SEC. 8, from the South Night of Way TYLER, Indiana, to the Chicago Railroad to the Center Line of 17th Avenue, in the said City of Gary, by the construction thereof with surface of 30° in depth, on the surface of one of the following kinds of modern city pavement: sheet asphalt, asphaltic concrete, asphaltic masonry, or brick or asphalt, asphaltic concrete, brick or wood blocks on concrete foundation; or a 7° foundation; together with all necessary appurtenances and all in accordance with the plans and specifications now on file in the Board of Public Works will meet on the 13th day of August, 1928, at ten clock a.m. in its office in the City Hall all persons interested and will decide whether the benefits to the property liable to be assessed for such improvement will equal the estimated cost thereof, and will be deemed to be sufficient or rescind its preliminary Resolution.
Legal Notice No.18
NOTICE
BOARD OF PUBLIC WORKS.
ATTEST MIDDLE SCHOOL
ACTING CLARKS
7:27-8
Legal Notice No. 20
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN: That on the 28th day of July, 1928, the Board of Public Works of the City of Gary, Lake County, RESOLUTION NUMBER 6546 for the IMPROVEMENT OF ROOSEVELT STREET. SECTION 5, from the Center Line of 1928 to the Northwest of the 6546 in the said City of Gary, by the construction thereon of a concrete sidewalk 5' in width, together with all necessary appurtenances, plans and specifications now on file in the office of the City Engineer. The Board of Public Works will meet all persons interested and will decide on clock a m. in its office in the City Hall to receive and hear remonstrances from all persons interested and will decide on the estimated cost of the ability to be assessed for such improvement will equal the estimated cost thereof, and will thereafter modify, or rescind its preliminary Resolution. By order of the City Engineer, the Public Works CHESTER J. DUNN JOHN A. BRENNAN BOARD OF MEYER ARNOLD BOARD OF MEYER WORES. ATTEST: MILDRED MEYER
NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN: That the Board of Public Works of the City of Gary, Lake County, Indiana, will meet on the 6th day of August, 1928, in its office building at 100 W. 10th Street, bids for the CONSTRUCTION OF LOCAL SEWER NUMBER 159, in said City of Gary, all in accordance with the plans and the instructions of the office of the Board of Public Works.
The cost of said improvement shall be assessed as special benefits to the abutment of the building, and file a certified check for at least 25% of the engineer's estimate of the cost of said improvement which will in return be received as a successful bid when a contract and bond have been executed for the work. No certified check will be received in a less than 25% of the cost of the project. The right is reserved to reject any and all bids. Bids must be on file in the Board's Office of said City by ten noon on the 6th day of August. By order of the Board of Public Works
CHESTER J. DUNN
OVERN F. FREEMAN
HARRY L. ARNOLD
BOARD OF PUBLIC WORKS.
ATTEST: MILDRED MEYER
ACTING CLERK
7.27 8.8
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THE AMERICAN
City
City News
winning a debate from Oxford university, were the speakers for the evening. Their talks were very inspiring and helpful.
A very large group of Gary's socially prominent people were out to hear them.
Last Wednesday night, the members of the imps club, composed of Gary's younger set, surprised Mr. and Mrs. Elbert L. Pearson in their home at 1935 Massachusetts street with a shower.
The young couple received many useful gifts from the following girls: Miss Addye Bryant, president, Miss Hazel Bryant, Miss Bettie Young, Miss Inez Holmes, Miss Mable Maundin and Miss Olly Dillon, of Chicago.
Mr. and Mrs. J. F. Hamilton and
Legal Notice No. 23
NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN: That the Board of Public Works of the City of
Lake On Lake, Indiana, will meet the 6th day of August, 1828, in the office
in the City Hall, to receive and consider bids for the IMPROVEMENT of DUBBIN
SINCTION LINE of 5th Avenue to the Center Line of 5th Avenue, in said City of Gary, all in accordance with the plans and specification
of the Board of Public Works.
The cost of said improvement shall be assessed as special benefits to the abutment building by the Builder must file a certified check for at least 2½ percent of the Engineer's estimate of the improvement which will be returned to the improvement which will be the successful bolder when a contract and bond have been executed for the work. No amount than One Hundred ($1,000.00) Dollars. The right is reserved to reject any and all bids. Bids must be on file in the Board's Office. The board must check a m. on the 6th day of August, 1828. By order of the Board of Public Works. JOHN L. BRENNAN JOHN A. BRENNAN HARRY L. ARNOLD BOARD OF PUBLIC WORKS. ATTEST: MIDDLEBURG ACTING CLERK. 7-27 8-3
Legal Notice No. 22
NOTICE TO CONTRACTORS
NOTE TO the Board of Public Works of the City of Gary, Lake County, Indiana, will meet on the Board of Public Works of the City of Gary, Lake County, Indiana, 1928, in its office in the City Hall, August 1928, in bids for the IMPROVEMENT OF DELWARE STREET. SECTION 19, from the book "The Engineering of the Line of 43rd Avenue, in said City of Gary, all in accordance with the plans and specifications now proposed, in the office of Boaters' Office. Public Works."
The cost of said improvement shall be assessed as special benefits the abutting improvement will be returned to the Board of Public Works. A certified check for at least 2½ percent of the Engineer's estimate of the cost of the improvement which will be returned to the Board of Public Works. A successful bidder when a contract and bond have been executed for the work. No ceramic amount than One Hundred ($100.00) Dollars. The right is reserved to reject any amount greater than One Hundred ($100.00) Dollars. The Board's Office of said City by the Boaters' Office, on the 6th day of August, 1928.
By order of the Board of Public Works.
CHESTER J. DUNN
JOHN A. BRENNAN
HARRY L. ARNOLD
BOARD OF PUBLIC WORKS
ATTEST: MILDRED MEYER
ACTING CLERK 7-27 8-3
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Continued from page 1
♦ ♦ ♦
Mr. Dave McGee, former residents of St. Louis are now living in Gary. Mr. Hamilton is the brother of Mrs. A. C. Kelley, 1973 Massachusetts street. Mrs. M. P. Garner, of 2184 Massachusetts street, made a business trip to Chicago last Tuesday.
Mrs. Irma Rapier, formerly of Gary, and now attending the New England Conservatory of Music, in Boston, spent part of her vacation in this city and Chicago. While she was here, her many friends vied with each other in their efforts to make her sojourn a pleasant one. She left Monday for New York and other eastern points before returning to school.
Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Kelley have returned home from their visit in southern Illinois and St. Louis.
Dr. Wm. S. Brown was the dinner guest of the M. C. Streeters of 2184 Massachusetts street last Sunday.
Mr. and Mrs. Clarence Fields of San Springs. Oklahoma spent a week in the city visiting their sister and brother-in-law. Mr. and Mrs. Frank Bates, prominent in social and church circles. Mr. Fields teaches in San Springs and is passing through en-route to Detroit and New York. Mrs. Fields is a former classmate of Mr. Nelson Woodley, popu-
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lar instructor of science at Virginia
street school.
The Imps club will hold its regular
meeting Sunday at the home of
Miss Geneva Davis, 2160 Massachusetts street.
All members are requested to be
present.
Miss Bettie Young, 2121 Broadway
left Wednesday for her home in
Grand Rapids, Mich., where she will
visit her parents.
From there she will go to Idlewild
and will return to Gary in two
weeks.
♠ ♠ ♠
There will be a regular meeting of the United Order of Beaux Arts, Wednesday at the Crystal gardens, 19th and Broadway, at eight o'clock sharp.
All members are requested to be present; business of importance.
Mr. and Mrs. Frank Bates and Mr. and Mrs. Fields of Sans Springs, Oklahoma, spent Sunday in Chicago.
While there they visited the Bird Cage tea room.
The Social Art club met last Thursday at the home of Mrs. C. L. Allen, 2489 Adams street, with Mrs. C. L. Brooks, as hostess. The members enjoyed a very pleasant meeting.
The hostess served a very delicious two course luncheon. The next meeting will be at the home of Mrs. Clara Bowdry, 1729 Virginia street.
Mrs. L. J. Roos is president; Mrs. Queenie Robertson is reporter.
The Charity club met last night at the home of Mrs. Gray, 1450 Washington street. Mrs. Pray served a very delicious luncheon.
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The White Rose club of the Mt. Zion Baptist church met last Wednesday night with Mrs. C. Pitts, 2489 Pennsylvania street, with the president in charge.
The members had an enjoyable evening; the hostess served a very delicious luncheon. The next meeting will be at the home of Mr. and
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PAGE THIRD
Phone 3905
The Gary American
An independent newspaper, devoted to the interests of the Negro and the community as a whole. Published every Friday morning in the year by The Gary American Publishing Company, Incorporated. Address all associations to The Gary American, American Bldg, Gary, Indiana.
TELEPHONE GARY 3865
Members Associated Negro Press, National Negro Press Association American Press Association, and Exchange Press.
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If our friends who favor us with
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less. Advertising rates upon application
who favor us with manuscripts for
less returned they must in all cases
end-class mail matter at the post-off
march 3, 1879. Copyright, 1928, by
corporated.
If our friends who favor us with manuscripts for publication wish to have rejected articles returned they must in all cases send stamps for that purpose.
Billed as second-class mail matter at the post-office at Gary, Indiana, under the Act of March 3, 1879. Copyright, 1928, by the Gary American Publishing Co., incorporated.
TOLERANCE MARCHES ON
That the Ku Klux Klan has nation and from now on will be organisation, is a fact that is be and recognised by even the most Beginning with the klan's in September during its grand par hooded brethren have suffered a well to contribute to the eventual. This gradual fall of the on every quarter. The Los Angeles which, until recently, displayed California newspaper has shown with the following acknowledgmen ing influence:
"Pillow-ease patriots of the intrepid 'Hundred Per Centers,' eceived severe set-backs recently.
"Three state legislatures a court blows to the dying klan "Massachusetts and Cannect sor Ku Klux bills. Religion in the individual conscience.
"North Carolina solons not Invisible Knights, but passed law societies of the klan ilk criminal no longer may be worn to cover tera.
"The Supreme Court of the of the klan kouncel that it be pensas, whether the good Kansans w has a right to ban the klan.
"'Invisible' soon will be the pire."
"Lovers of country will quotant march of tolerance through the
WHERE WERE T
Eleven white men kidnapped old colored girl in New York and without food for three days—am appeared in the daily papers.
Everyone knows that had to white woman by Negroes, every country would have given the in But because it is white men this thinkable crime which colored of, white editors turn their head seious that it would be setting a of white men against helpless bl
It is a very peculiar policy of all that is unfavorable to the are concerned and allows for the committed by Negroes.
One has but to turn to the uniform is their display of crim distinguished from the deliberat Negroes. Our idea of a good new and to display it according to nificance.
It is a very unfair policy wh and at the same time buries Neg the bottom of an inside page!
Klux Klan has lost its hold now on will be powerless and the fact that is becoming more and more even the most pro-klan observers with the klan's failure to rouse its grand parade in the nation have suffered a series of set-backs to the eventual decay of the city fall of the organization is by the Los Angeles Examiner, a recently, displayed the most fawl paper has shown toward the acknowledgment of the organists patriots of the Hiram Wesley and Per Centers,' who fear the backs recently.
the legislatures and the United States to the dying klan.
acts and Connecticut legislators. Religion in these states resents. Dina solons not only rejected ally, but passed laws making men klan ilk criminal. The night-shift worn to cover the activities of the Court of the United States, that it be permitted to "do good Kansans will or not. This in the klan.
soon will be the influence of country will quote with satisfaction through the land."
WERE WERE THE HEADLINES
men kidnapped and attacked in New York and held her in all three days—and not a line of daily papers.
ows that had this crime been Negroes, every single daily wives given the incident display of white men this time caught which colored men have hitherto turn their heads and whistle should be setting a precedent to insist helpless black women.
peculiar policy which allows favorable to the white man in order and allows for the conspicious Negroes.
to turn to the files of daily paper display of crimes of Negroes from the deliberate suppression of a good news policy is to point according to its interest, the unfair policy which puts Negro time buries Negro progress and inside page!
That the Ku Klux Klan has lost its hold upon the American nation and from now on will be powerless and ineffectual as an organization, is a fact that is becoming more and more conceded and recognised by even the most pro-klan observers.
Beginning with the klan's failure to rouse the country last September during its grand parade in the nation's capitol, the hooded brethren have suffered a series of set-backs which augur well to contribute to the eventual decay of the sheeted order.
This gradual fall of the organization is being conceded in every quarter. The Los Angeles Examiner, a Hearst newspaper which, until recently, displayed the most favorable attitude a California newspaper has shown toward the klan, comes forth with the following acknowledgment of the organization's diminishing influence:
"Pillow-case patriots of the Hiram Wesley Evans persuasion, intrepid 'Hundred Per Centers,' who fear the sunlight, have received severe set-backs recently.
"Three state legislatures and the United States Supreme court dealt blows to the dying klan.
"Massachusetts and Cannectient legislators refused to sponsor Ku Klux bills. Religion in these states remains a matter of individual conscience.
"North Carolina solons not only rejected all proposals of the Invisible Knights, but passed laws making membership in secret societies of the klan ilk criminal. The night-shirt and pillow case no longer may be worn to cover the activities of noctural marauders.
"The Supreme Court of the United States rejected the plea of the klan kouncel that it be permitted to "do business" in Kansas, whether the good Kansans will or not. This means any state has a right to ban the klan.
"'Invisible' soon will be the influence of the 'invisible Empire.'
"Lovers of country will quote with satisfaction the triumphant march of tolerance through the land."
WHERE WERE THE HEADLINES?
Eleven white men kidnapped and attacked a fourteen-year-old colored girl in New York and held her in an abandoned barn without food for three days—and not a line of the brutal crime appeared in the daily papers.
Everyone knows that had this crime been committed on a white woman by Negroes, every single daily white paper in the country would have given the incident display on the front pages. But because it is white men this time caught committing an unthinkable crime which colored men have hitherto been accused of, white editors turn their heads and whistle indifferently, conscious that it would be setting a precedent to tell about the sins of white men against helpless black women.
It is a very peculiar policy which allows for the suppression of all that is unfavorable to the white man in cases where blacks are concerned and allows for the conspicious display of crimes committed by Negroes.
One has but to turn to the files of daily papers and see how uniform is their display of crimes of Negroes against white as distinguished from the deliberate suppression of crimes against Negroes. Our idea of a good news policy is to publish all the news and to display it according to its interest, timeliness and significance.
It is a very unfair policy which puts Negro crime in headlines and at the same time buries Negro progress and achievement in the bottom of an inside page!
Klan Postpone Big Parade In Chicago
(By Preston News Service)
CHICAGO—As a new means of
attempting to conceal the works of
the nefarious Ku Klux Klan and an
attempt to bolster up the organization
in the estimation of the public
Imperial Wizard H. W. Evans an-
nounced last week that there would
be no more public parades until af-
Inter
An
SOME news
quality of
Interest, And Su DME newspapers are quality of the news
---
Interest, Character And Substance
SOME newspapers are more concerned with the quality of the news they publish than with the quantity. The Gary American is one of these. Then there are newspapers which carefully select the advertising they allow to appear in their columns. In this group, also, The American may be found. These facts have much to do with the high quality of the advertising published in The Gary American, and the satisfactory returns received by the advertisers.
months, $1.10; for three months, 60c.
tues upon application.
manuscripts for publication wish to
must in all cases eend stamps for
er at the post-office at Gary, Indiana,
copyright, 1928, by the Gary American
lost its hold upon the American powerless and ineffectual as an incoming more and more conceded pro-klan observers, failure to rouse the country last made in the nation's capitol, the series of set-backs which augur decay of the sheeted order, organization is being conceded in Examiner, a Hearst newspaper the most favorable attitude a toward the klan, comes forth of the organization's diminish-
Hiram Wesley Evans persuasion, who fear the sunlight, have re- and the United States Supreme can, evident legislators refused to spon- these states remains a matter of only rejected all proposals of the news making membership in secret The night-shirt and pillow case the activities of noctural maraud- United States rejected the plea permitted to "do business" in Kan- ill or not. This means any state influence of the 'invisible Em- cease with satisfaction the triumph- the land."
THE HEADLINES?
and attacked a fourteen-year- held her in an abandoned barn not a line of the brutal crime
this crime been committed on a single daily white paper in the incident display on the front pages. time caught committing an un- men have hitherto been accused and whistle indifferently, con- precedent to tell about the sins back women, which allows for the suppression white man in cases where blacks the conspicious display of crimes of daily papers and see how sizes of Negroes against white as the suppression of crimes against policy is to publish all the news its interest, timeliness and sig- which puts Negro crime in headlines proe progress and achievement in
ter the presidential election next November.
Georgia Cops Seek Murderer In Ohio
(COLUMBUS—Hearing of the extradition case of Minns Morris, Rev. Alphonso Steele, of Youngstown, charged with the murder of Mrs. Nellie Newsome in Peach Tree
rest, Charac
d Substa
papers are more conce
the news they publish
THE HEALTH QUESTION By Dennis A. Bethea, M.D. Health Editor of The American
While envy belongs to the group of destructive emotions, it is not ruinous if it acts as a stimulant to urge us on to do better work, in order to win out in the race of life, as others have done. But when it lets us sit down upon the seat of do nothing, and try to wish ourselves into success, we get just about as much as the man who starts out to get a pot of gold at the end of the rainbow, or the boy who expects to catch the bird by sprinkling salt on its tail.
Some men feel miserable every time they see another fellow make a winning in a business venture, no matter how much he saved and slaved to do it. And further, if they can get an opportunity they will clip his wings, and clip them so close that he will never fly again.
Whenever they see you are about to slip they will make haste to get everything out of the road so that you will slide like a sled down a slippery hill slope. Should a minister make a mis-step and fall down on the job, or if a doctor loses his patient, or a lawyer fails to win the case, or a girl loses her bean, there will be people who will be as happy as a woman in a millinery shop or a boy at a pig killing.
Men have not just now started out to be envious. Moses, the lawgiver, came down from Mt. Sinai and warned the people not to covet. Nevertheless they have gone headlong hankering after things that belonged to the other fellow. A man may be ever so well mated, in a happy home with a loving wife and beautiful children, yet whenever another exquisitely charming lady passes, it is hard for him to make his eyes behave.
Jealousy is in the same class with envy. In fact, it is a twin sister. One who gives away to fits of jealousy acknowledges that he is a weakling and unable to cope with other people in the race for power.
Jealousy has caused more trouble and shipwrecked more homes than any other one thing. Men who will use good judgment in matters of business, will act like children in love matters. Some women are afraid to say "good morning" to a man on the streets, less their husbands raise the Old Nick.
On the other hand, there are wives who will not let their husbands get out out of their sight for fear he will be "vamped."
Anyone who allows himself to run along all heated up with envy and jealousy, will sono find himself stranded upon life's highway with bearings all burned out. It will not be long now before his health will be so shattered that he will have to be turned over to the junk men.
(Copyright: 1928: By The Gary American Co., Inc.)
er
e
with the
with the
e.
ly select
neir col-
may be
quality
american,
Stewa
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ENVY
county, Ga., on June 19, 1927, has been set for 2 p. m. Monday.
Steele is said to have murdered the woman during an argument and then fled. Georgia officers instituted a nation-wide search for him and finally located him in Youngstown where he posed as a minister.
The Chicago man who got tired after sitting on a flagpole for two weeks must have yielded to the temptation to go to Kansas City for a look at his competitors sitting on southern delegations.
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injured men gave their names as James Hubbard. Wilbur Burley and Furrance Branch. They were taken to the Johns Hopkins hospital where they remained suffering from fractures of the arms, legs and ribs and probable internal injuries. The accident is said to have been caused by the steering rod having been broken.
An aptimist is one who expects a better quality of liquor under the next administration.
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Car Strikes Pole; Three Are Injured
(By Preston News Service)
BALTIMORE.—Three men were seriously injured Wednesday when the automobile in which they were riding struck a telephone pole. The
"We prefer the Royal, because it does better work,"
SAYS CHAUNCEY TOWNSEND,
Editor of The Gary American.
"We prefer the Royal, because it does better work,"
SAYS CHAUNCEY TOWNSEND, Editor of The Gary American.
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"IN OUR OFFICE," says Chauncey Townsend, editor of The Gary American, "we take pride in doing neat work, whether it is in the rapid composition of a news story on plain cotton paper, or in the writing of a serious letter on Hammermill Bond. That is why we prefer the Royal. Its perfect press work and easy writing qualities make typing a pleasure. Its many fine appointments are unique."
The American office is equipped with Royal typewriters exclusively. Discriminating newspapers choose the Royal because of its superior work, because, as Mr. Townsend says, "It is the Roll's Royce of writing machines."
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GERMANS FLOCK TO CAPE TOWN
Native Population
Over Shadowed
By Teutons
(Copyright: 1928; By Gary American, Inc.)
(Gary American Press Service)
CAPE TOWN, S. A.—According to
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MILANO
It "Covers" All Of Gary
JUST think of it, Mr. Merchant.
Copies of each issue of the —
go into 6,500 homes in Gary. Were it physically possible to open up those copies, lay their pages edge to edge, there'd be enough paper to practically "roof" the community.
With an average of 3 persons reading it in each home, imagine what a vast audience of prospective buvers you can reach through use of its—
Advertising Columns!
Give Them A Test
"To H.
"To H--I With Fear of CITY
This principle has been a keen sword in Mayor Jimmie Walker's battle for success.
If you fear criticism, even when you know you are right, read Mayor Walker's bracing article which he contributes to
"IF YOUTH BUT KNEW"
This series is written by the outstanding leaders in America today, including John D. Rockefeller, Otto H. Kahn, Charles M. Schwab, and Judge Elbert H. Gary. Watch for the first article in
THE GARY AMERICAN
STARTS SEPTEMBER 7th
reports coming into this office German colonists are moving into South Africa in such great numbers that they now have a majority of the places in all governing bodies and make up a considerable portion of the foreign population. The British residents view this influx with alarm, fearing that their own control will be seriously challenged.
It is said that after the British troops defeated the Germans in 1895 most of the Germans left the colony. Since the World War, however, the Germans have been settling in the colony in greater and greater numbers. The natives prefer British control to that of the Germans.
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LIDAY, AUGUST 3, 1928
Porters' Strike Is Regarded As 'Joke'
BROOKLYN, N. Y.—Regarded as only a "bluff," the announcement made last week by the Pullman porters union that they will strike if their wages are not increased failed to arouse much interest by many here.
According to the opinion of many, any effort made by the Pullman porters to strike will result in disaster for them, since their places can be promptly filled by others who are quite willing to work under the conditions now prevalent.
C
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