The Pioneer Press

The Pioneer Press. "HERE SHALL THE PRESS, THE PEOPLE'S RIGHTS MAINTAIN, UNAWED BY INFLUENCE AND UNBRIBED BY GAIN" ESTABLISHED 1882 MAGNOLIA CUT-OFF IS DISCUSSED BY HARRY C. PLUMMER Says Project is "Among Great Engineering Feats of American Railroading." NEARLY SIX MILES Secondly, it Equips the B. & O. as a Three-Track and Four-Track System East of Cumberland to This City and Provides Ample Facilities for Indefinite Time. Discussing from an economic standpoint the Magnolia cut-off of the Baltimore and Ohio railroad between Orleans Road and Little Cacapon Harry C. Plumer in Scientific American points to the ultimate saving which this improvement will effect in the future cost of operation. The writer ranks the project as "among the great engineering feats of American railroading." The article is comprehensively illustrated with views relating the progress of the work It accomplishes for the B. & O. tw) distance teconite advantages, continues Mr. Plummer. "It effects a saving of 5.8 miles in the length and 887 degrees of curvature of the eastbound tracks and does away with a sharp grade at Hansrote, which has required the use of pusher engine for eastbound traffic climbing the mountains at that point. Secondly it completely equips the B. & O. as a three-track and four-track system east of Gumberland to Martinsburg and, in conjunction with extensive track additions on the mountain divisions, effected during the last three years, provides ample facilities to care for the almost Indefinite future. "Factors of economic operation were directly responsible for the Magnolia cut-off improvement being undertaken by the Baltimore and Ohio railroad. Embraced in a general economic study of its operation is the plan eventually to overcome the high operating costs in mountainous country by revising its line, reducing grades, eliminating curvature, and doing away with helper-engine service on that section of the line eastward from Cumberland, Md. The plan contemplates a four track system of 105 miles, from Cumberland to Brunswick, the point of intersection of the Cumberland and Baltimore divisions. In fact, the ultimate plan is to continue the four track line to the seaboard at Baltimore, with the construction of third and fourth tracks from Brunswick to Washington Junction, Md., where two track lines converge toward Baltimore, one by way of Washington, the other through Frederick county. So, when it was determined to build the Magnolia improvement, the railroad began to open the neck of the bottle. The east end of the Cumberland division of the Baltimore and Ohio railroad is known far and wide in railroad circles as the most congested stretch of railroad line in the United States. Two main lines, one from Chicago, the other from St. Louis, converge at Cumberland, with the bulk of their tonnage gathered from innumerable sub-main and branch lines. Most of this business is for seaboard movement to Washington, Baltimore, Philadelphia, New York on WANT DARDANELLES OPEN FOR TRADE ONLY WANT DARDANELLES OPEN FOR TRADE ONLY Russian Embassy Denies Intention of Using Passage For Czar's Battleships. WASHINGTON. —Efforts to be made by Great Britain, France and Russia to open the Dardanelles, as announced in a declaration credited to the Russian Foreign Minister, were said at the Russian Embassy here of have only a commercial and not a warlikepurpose. Russia, it was explained, was not able to ship its wheat to England and other markets, where it would be going normally, while the United States, now unable to use any of the Baltic Sea ports into Russia, might ind entrance for its cotton goods and other products to Russia through Black Sea ports if the Dardanelles were open. Russia, the officials insisted, had no desire to get her fleet into the Mediterranean, as it was not needed there. Newspapers which reached the embassy yesterday from Petrograd indicated there was considerable fear at the Russian capital of the two fast and powerful German cruisers, Goean and Breslau, now in Turkish waters. At the Turkish Embassy it was admitted that a demand by the Triple Intente upon Turkey to open theardanelles might prove highly embarrassing to the Sultan. Officials rated that unless no other course was open, it was highly unlikely that Turkey would submit to a change in its own policy because of outside influence. New England. The question of keeping the trains moving with sufficient regularity to avoid blockades has long been one of moment and a problem calling for the most efficient operating methods. "The daily average train movement over the line is eighty-five trains of all classes, consisting of fast and local passage rtrains, through local and pick-up trains, and numerous work trains and contractors' equipment, and of this there is an average of seventy freight trains daily. Another factor in the operation of the line under conditions prevailing before the improvements were undertaken was the diversity of traffic, both with respect to volume and class of business, and many incidents occur which tend to bring on an abnormal movement of one grade or other of traffic. "While it has not been fully decided how the new line shall be used, it is generally believed that the two new tracks will be devoted to eastbound trains, and the old line turned over exclusively to westbound trains, this being the original idea when the line was surveyed. "So quietly has work progressed upon the cut-off that traffic upon the ol dtracks has not been at all interrupted and, by day and by night, the trains have been swept past the scene of the big improvement for the most part unmindful of the task the engineers have forged to a successful conclusion. "The greater part of the excavating has been done through solid rock. The slopes of the embankment, at river approaches, have been protected by concrete retaining walls, and the slopes along the hillsides terraced to obviate all danger from slides or falling rock. "The improvement has cost approximately $6,000,000 and the operations have extended over a period of fourteen months." WAR BRINGS GAINS IN POSTAL SAVINGS New York Leads In Deposits Following Stoppage of Foreign Money Orders. Postal savings deposits for the month of September in New York and other large cities of the country are expected to exceed even the phenomenal increase of $4,200,000 noted during the month of August, according to officials of the postal savings system. The first fifteen days of September have already shown a greater in crease than the same period in August, and the record for the last part of the present month is not expected to show any decrease. During August postal savings deposits in Greater New York, including Brooklyn, increased $1,151,842. As the total deposits for this territory are $5,366,544, an idea of the tremendous flood of money which found its way to postal savings strong boxes during the month of August can be obtained. Officials generally believe that the stoppage of international money order communication and the in herent lack of confidence in private banks displayed by the foreign population of great cities is responsible for the popularity of the postal savings system in the last 60 days. New York, with its numerous foreign population, showed the heaviest increase of all, which seems to indicate that foreigners are anxious to give their money into the custody of Uncle Sam during the war period in Europe. The failure of congress to pass the bill increasing the maximum of postal savings deposits from $500 to $2,000 is the only reason, officials say, why the postal savings increases of many of the large cities were not larger. The outbreak of the war called back to their native countries many reservists in the United States who had small bank accounts or business enterprises. These reservists were unwilling to carry their funds to Europe, where they would be subjected to the danger of arrest and confiscation of their money. Also they were unwilling, in view of the possibility of unsettled business conditions to leave their money with private banking enterprises in the big cities. The foreign newspapers ever since the inauguration of the postal savings system have devoted much space to this method of banking and the postal savings system was well known among the foreign population of the United States. There has been some discussion of whether or not the foreign population of the country, frightened by the possibilities of the war, became wary of the private banking system. It such is the case their object was defeated by the government, which bank all its postal savings funds with properly designated banks, which are under national or state supervision and from which the government draws 2 1-2 per cent interest on its pavable-on-demand accounts. Postal savings officials are not inclined to take seriously the rumor that the banks of the country which have been designated as postal savings depositories are contemplating forcing the government to abandon the payable-on-demand basis of depositing postal savings accounts and forcing the government to give from 320 to 90 days' notice before making withdrawals. Many of the Souvenirs given away on the California Cars are worth more than they charge for admission. HEAVY COTTON AID PLAN ARRAIGNED HEAVY COTTON AID PLAN ARRAIGNED Declares Schme to oBsiter South Is Impracticable and a Danger- ous Presence The plan for direct Federal aid to cotton-growers to the extent of $400,000,000 was the subject of sharp criticism in a letter to Representative Henry, of Texas, made public last night by Secretary McAdoo. The letter is in reply to recent statements to the house by Mr. Henry. Mr. McAdoo announces that the proposal to sell $250,000,000 of Panama Canal bonds to bolster the cotton crop is not practicable, and generally obects to all the features of the Henry scheme. He calls attention to the fact that those who deal in tobacco, naval stores, copper, silver and other commodities have sought government aid. "If we disregard every suffering interest except cotton," said he, "and make it the sole beneficiary of governmental favor, what becomes of the democratic principle of equal rights for lal special privileges to none?" "If we enter upon the course you suggest we must help every distressed industry impartially. To do that would necessitate the issue of many more than $400,000,000 in bonds and greenbacks, and dangerously involve the credit of the government. It would be a hopeless undertaking, in defiance of every sound principle of finance and economics, with certain dsaster at the end. Representative Henry has introduced in the house a compromise loan proposal, presented in a bill framed Thursday night by a conference of Southern members of congress. It would reduce the proposed loan to $250,000,000. While Mr. McAdoo was writing his letter, the committee of St. Louis jobbers and bankers, headed by Festus J. Wade, was in conference with a committee of the federal reserve board over the purposed $150,000,000 cotton loan fund to take care of the surplus cotton crop. No decisions was reached and the conference will be resumed today. Governor Hamlin and Messrs. Warburg and Harding, the board committee, will discuss the proposal today before they meet the bankers, and later the full reserve board may take it up. The discussion yesterday dealt with details of the proposed loan fund. Board members were interested to know what profit the backers of the pool expect to make, and what its benefits will be to the cotton producer. Mr. McAdoo's letter to Mr. Henry went exhaustively into the aid or far extended by the treasury to satiosal basks in the cottos states, showing that it ha' issued to them, since the war began, $68,000,000 in currency; that it crop funds there amount to $11,337,000; that its regular deposits in the south total $16,065,000, and that there is available for Southern banks, in compliance with law, $151,000,000 more in additional national bank currency. "What is really wanted," said the letter, "is a restored market for cotton. The value of cotton has been injured this year by the European war. This injury cannot be retrieved, nor the market restored, by legislation any more than the injury to corn, which was caused by the drought last year, in the great corn states of the west could have been repaired by legislation." VOL. 33 NO. 33. OPPORTUNITY TO EXPORT CEMENT OPPORTUNITY TO EXPORT CEMENT When European Countries Begin To Rebuild New Cities Following the War. When it comes time to build up the cities of Europe destroyed in the war, the United States will be in a position to furnish all the cement required. The United States Geological Survey reports that the supply of raw material here is practically inexhaustible. The United States imports relatively little hydraulic cement, only about 85,000 barrels having been imported in 1913. There is really little necessity for this country to import any cement, for al sections are now fairly well supplied with mills for the manufacture of Portland cement and the production last year of the cement was nearly 93,000,000 barrels. A significant feature of the cement industry in fact that though only about 80 per cent. of the normal cement producing capacity of the country is employed at the maximum, and there is often an over production; yet the exports of hydraulic cement have scarcely exceeded 4,200,000 barrels in any year, this amount being only about 5 per cent. of the total output, not sufficient to take care of the surplus production in a year of great activity. Americaa manufacturers have not yet made the most of their opportunities to establish greater export trade The statistics show that the exports of cement from England, Germany, Belgium and France, not only have been considerabley larger than those from the United States, but have borne higher ratio to the production in those countries. VILLA LAYING IN VAST WAR STORES Has 75,000,000 Rounds of Ammunition—Prepared to Fight United States, 'Tis Said. EL PASO, Tex. —Villa is preparing for trouble, either with Carranza or the United States, according to his friends here, who say he has accumulated a large store of ammunition within the past four months, buying steadily in shipments from one to five carloads as rapidly as the goods could be delivered. It is said Villa expects the United States to restore the embargo on exportation of munitions in the event of hostilities between Carranza and Villa. Some say he is preparing to enforce his recent urgent suggestion that the United States remove its troops from Mexico wiwthout further delay. Villa's attitude on this question is understood to be the chief reason why the United States war department keeps 5,000 troops at El Paso. Villa's purchasing agents were notified yesterday by Eastern American manufacturers that his latest order for 10,500,000 rounds cannot be delivered in less than thirty days. It is estimated that Villa now has not less than 75,000,000 rounds of ammunition of various kinds in Chihuahua City and Torreon, not including the considerable production of his own arms and ammunition factory at the former city. Pay for all advertisements is due in advance unless advertising is run by yearly contract, in which case the advertiser pays every three months. Entered in Post Office at Martinsburg, W. Va., as Second Class Matter. J. lt. Clifford, Editor and Proprietor. Drawer 869, and Bell 'Phone 60K, Martinsburg, W. Va. Hon. C. P. (Charley) Dorr, widely known as a congressman from this state some years ago, is no more, he having gone to his final resting place. He was of a picture-que turn of mind, and while in Congress made it his business to look out for the interests of his constituents. Prominent among the visitors to our city this week, were Hon. William M. O. Dawson, former governor of West Virginia, and now a member of the State Board of Control, and Hon. M. P. Shawkey, State Superintendent of Education. They are both fine men, and scores of friends here were very glad to see them. The war in Europe goes steadily and murderously on, with no decided advantage to either the Allies or the Germans. The ruin and sorrow left in the wake of the warring factions is awful to contemplate, but it all goes on in the name of what they call "justice." The justice now holding sway on the other side of the big pond reminds us of the sort that is meted out to the Negroes in the Southern section of the U.S. "In the name of the law" is an apt excuse for many unjust things that are done by human beings who are truly unworthy to pose as conservers of peace and order. We have in mind a certain corporation whose employees are flagrant offenders along this line, and whose actions would not look well in print. Furthermore if affidavit were made to some of their misdeeds, and same brought to the attention of their superiors, it would doubtless mean the loss of the cheap authority they now enjoy. The Pioneer Press is in hearty accord with the onslaught made on immoral ministers by the Philadelphia Tribune, and congratulates it for doing so. It is also deserving of the most earnest commendation for what it said relative to those wearers of the cloth who attended the recent National Baptist Convention in Philadelphia, and disgraced themselves to an extent seldom reached by "men of the world." Above everything else we need a clean ministry, and men and women of our race in all sections should hold up the hands of the Tribune in its effort along that line. The Alleghany County Grand Jury, at Cumberland, Md., has criticised the enforcement of the unnecessary "Sunday blue laws" which now prevail in that city, and recommends that the Legislature be petitioned for relief as soon as possible. The same could be done with benefit to our citizens, for the "purity crusade" in this town is of no real avail as regards the abatement of evil, only serving to work hardships and inconvenience on persons. The reforms that are needed are neglected, and things of small consequence are given a great deal of attention. We have it from a reliable source that segregation is being so flagrantly practiced in one of the departments at Washington that competent colored employees are greatly inconvenienced and their health injured by being subjected to this nefarious and un-American practice. Such conditions have no place in a Republic, and while President Wilson is doing so much humanitarian work, we hope he will pay a little attention to the colored brother in the departments at Washington, and see that the mean treatment accorded him there be done away with at once. He has won his right to work for Uncle Sam through merit, and he should be treated as are all his other employees. One or two Negro newspapers have been inaccurate enough to make the statement that Hon. A. Rustem Bey, Turkish Ambassador to the United States knew nothing about the Negroes if he thought they would form an alliance with the Japanese. Why anyone could get such an impression as the one stated above, is a mystery to us, because at no time, nor in any of his published interviews has he said anything that would lead anyone to believe that there was the remotest possibility of Negroes and Japanese banding together against America. Whether Mr. Bey's sentiments suited those who read them or not, what he said should not be distorted and made to suit the fancy of the little-minded fellows, but he should be treated fairly. Of one thing all Americans are assured—he is a man who says what he means, and means what he says. The Supreme Court of North Carolina has decided that cities of that state can not segregate Negroes in certain residential sections. Broad ground for the highest tribunal in the State to take but it is just and proper that it so do. This body of learned lawyers has set a precedent for other courts to follow, and by so doing has put a premium on Negro thrift, intelligence and respectability. The North Carolina jurists have given the question of segregation careful and mature consideration, and have arrived at the logical conclusion that if a man be separated residentially because he is black, it will only be a question of time until men will be segregated because they are Baptists, Catholics, Methodists, &c., &c. This decision will go down in legal history as one fraught with great wisdom and absolute fairness, and The Pioneer Press sincerely thanks the Supreme Court of North Carolina for rendering it. Messrs. M. T. Whittico and T. Edward Hill, the brainy and fearless men who publish and edit the McDowell Times, are defendants in a case pending against them in the U. S. Court, Southern West Virginia District. Being separated from the gentlemen we name above by nearly four hundred miles, it is not our privilege to know every detail of the matter, but from what we have learned, after careful scrutiny of certain facts, it appears to us that these brave editors are simply undergoing prosecution because they sought to protect a lone colored woman through the medium of their paper because she had been assailed by certain officers of the law. This being so, we can see nothing for them but a prompt acquittal when they face Judge Keller and a jury when their case is called for trial. Here is hoping for their exoneration, because they are always on the firing line, never failing to defend the race from assaults made on it both from within and without. WHY COMMIT SUICIDE? Under different names there are any number of so-called good men trying to return to the House of Representatives and still there are others who are trying to get in for the first time. And who are they and what are their names—Republicans, Democrats and Progressives or Bull Moosers, and it is an undeniable fact that they all three represent the very same interest—capitalism—that monster that has corrupted the church and civil government the world over. We must confess that we have supported it thoughtlessly for years, but why should we continue to commit suicide by continuing to support that which fights the interest of all laboring men the world over? It is time and high time that every man, regardless of color or nationality, awake and rub the dust and rust from his brain and begin to think for himself and fellows. A man asked me some weeks ago how was it that the Negroes leave the Republican party and support the Socialist party? My answer was when or while they were asleep they voted the Republican ticket, but after they awoke they voted the Socialist ticket. He said look who the Socialists are—they have nothing. My reply was and if they continue to ally themselves with the Republican party they will have still less, and besides all laboring men will soon learn that the old parties don't represent them by any means. As poor men we ought to support the party that represents us and that party is the Socialist party. She knows no race or color, but all are one as members of it. The old parties have for years striven to stir up race hatred, and they were very successful in it so long as the laboring black man and the laboring white man were asleep, but God be thanked, their nap is out, and they CARRAZN AQUITS THE PRESIDENCY OF TROUBLED MEXICO Mexican Executive's Resignation Accepted by Aguas Calintas Conference VILLA SENDS REPORT; QUIET REIGNS AT NACO Latter's Candidate to Become President and Bring Peace to Mexico—United States Government Threat: Sending of Arizona Troops to Border. WASHINGTON, D. C., Oct. 15. General Venustiano Carranza resigned yesterday afternoon as Provisional President of Mexico. The resignation was presented to the delegates at the Aguas Calientes conference and promptly accepted. The foregoing was the substance of a dispatch received at the Villa headquarters here yesterday evening. The Villa agency gave out the following: "The resignation of General Carranza as Provisional President of Mexico was presented to the Aguas Calientes convention at 3 o'clock yesterday afternoon, Aguas Calientes time, and promptly accepted. Immediately Antonio Villareal, president of the convention, was nominated for the Provisional Presidency, and at the hour of filing this message 3.30 p. m., Aguas Calientes time, no serious opposition has developed against him. "At the morning session the convention abandoned the plan of a commission form of government for Mexico until such time as an election to fill the unexpired Diaz term could be held. When this decision was reached, it became obvious that one of the two illia candidates—Villareal and Calderon—would be nominated as soon as the resignation of Carranza was placed before the convention. "The nominations of Villareal and his certain election to the Provisional Presidency is a complete victory for Villa and his supporters. Villareal is a man of exceptional ability, and his election to the presidency will have the effect of setting aside the personal differences between leaders in Mexican affairs which have kept the Republic in a foment since the overthrow, of Diaz, and is believed to mark the beginning of an era of peace and prosperity in the harassed Southern Republic." The state department was without advices concerning the action of the convention, as reported by the Villa agency. At the Mexican agency, where the Carranza followers hold forth, it was said the dispatch probably gave an accurate account of what happened, as it was anticipated there from advices received that Carranza yesterday would lay his resignation before the convention. Villareal and Calderon, both Carranza followers and advisers, have had the support of Villa since his break with Carranza. Villareal formerly was Carranza's financial adviser. The Aguas Calientes convention is the adjourned convention which met in Mexico City on October 1, which rejected Carranza's resignation. Fighting May Continue. In the absence of details, it is not known here whether the resignation of Carranza will bring a halt to the fighting at Agua Prieta and Nace, Mexico, which are towns bordering on the Arizona frontier. Douglas, Ariz., is across the boundary from Agus Prieta, and Nace across the boundary from the town of the same name in Arizona. Coincident with the announcement that Carranza had resigned came advices from Governor Hunt, of Arizona, that he would not meddle in the are rallying to the cry, "The World for Democracy." N. H. Fields. Elkins, W. Va. patrilling of the Arizona-Mexican border. Tuesday night and early yesterday Governor Hunt, in dispatches to the war department threatened to send state troops to Naco and Douglas to protect these towns. An exchange of sharply-worded telegrams between Governor Hunt and Secretary of War Garrison resulted in Governor Hunt announcing that he would not interfere. Secretary Garrison yesterday telegraphed Governor Hunt, of Arizona, "I have just received your telegram of October 13. We have at the present time at Naco, Ariz., 14 troop of cavalry and two machine gun companies. General Bliss reports to me that if the local influential men of 'aco will help allay the excitement it will greatly aid in handling a delicate situation. One of the greatest embarrassments arises from the activity of the inhabitants of Naco Arizona, and of surrounding places who attempt to get near the boundary line to observe the fighting. Warned Against Rash Act. "We are doing everything short of invading Mexico and driving the combatants away by force that we possibly can do. Additional troops would not be of any use to us in doing what it is proper for us to do under the circumstances. Were you to send state troops to Naco it could only have the effect of further complicating the situation and adding a new element of risk. It would also introduce the great peril which arises out of divided responsibility. All ill-considered move on our side may precipitate an armed conflict between the American forces and the Mexicans, with ultimate consequences that no one can forsee. I feel you should give the gravest consideration to the great responsibility you assume in this respect before you determine to do so. "I can assure you and your people that we are giving constant and sympathetic consideration to the situation and are doing everything that we can do short of engaging in hostilities. The president is advised of the contents of this message and concurs with what is said herein." FLOUTS SUGGESTION TO CALL WAR DRAWN FLOUTS SUGGESTION TO CALL WAR DRAWN Supposed Inspired Statement Says England Aims to Crush German Militarism. LONDON, Oct. 10—The Westminster Gazette prints an apparently inspired statement which is taken as an answer to the renewal of hints of peace from Washington. The paper is in closer touch with the government htan any other. The statement reiterates that while Great Britain has no desire to crush or humiliate the German people there must be no mistake about the fact that she intends to take whatever political measures are necessary to crush German militarism. "To the suggestions," the Gazette says, "that we shall be content with a drawn war which leaves the German Empire under the same influence and with the same policy and methods to disturb our peace and so)theraten our safety until eventually we fall prey to it we can return but one answer. "At whatever cost we mean to prevent that, and whatever means may be necessary to proevnt it we mean, in the faithful combination of our allies, to take." 63,000 PRIESTS ON THE LINE OF FIRE ROME (vla Paris); Oct. 10-According to reports received at the Vatican, more than 63,000 ecclesiastics are now serving in different capacities with the armies in the field, and Austrian forces. Most of these clergymen are engaged in hospital work. They include seven bishops especially with the Belgians, French and nineteen other prelates. J. R. CLIFFORD Attorney At Law Practices in all the Courts of West Virginia, the Supreme Court of Appeals and the United States Courts. PLENTY OF MONEY FOR DIVIDENDS Large Amounts For Quarterly Disbursemen Are Easily Provided For. BY W. S. COUSINS Perhaps never in the history of this country has the quarterly interest and divided period been attended with such an upheaval in the international money markets. With the European financial markets in utter collapse, and with American financiers grappling with the biggest problems that haev confronted them in many a day, the disbursement period has added but one more burden to an already overworked financial mechanism. The moratoria which exists in the foreign centers has automatically taken care of foreign maturities, but European holders of American securities do not, of course, extend such conditions to our notes. We must pay, and pay in full. So effective, howevr, has been the underlying work of American bankers, both in the pledging of their gold resources and in the establishing of credits, that European investors have been glad to reinvest in what they feel to be "bargain day" securities The total October dividend and interest disbursement amount to over $160,000,000, represented by $78,500,000 in dividends and $81,800,000 in interest obligations. The stockholders of railroad stocks received $25,000,000 in dividends, in industrial corporations $46,000,000, and in street railways $7,500,000. There is a falling off of $8,000,00 in dividends compared with the same month last year, but this is accounted for in the passing of the quarterly dividends by a number of railroad corporations, notably the New Haven. Interest payments of $81,80,000 compare with $79,500,000 in October of 1913, and in addition thereto might be mentioned the fact that New York City will distribute during the month the sum of $15,000,000 for the liquidation of maturing revenue bonds. This amount would be substantially increased were it not for the fact that the International Mercantile Marine Company, "owing to the unsettled condition of its business during the war," had ruled to defer, for the present, the interest on $52,750,000 four and one-half bonds of 1002. Bond and note issue of the leading railroad and industrial corporations maturing in October, according to a reliable computation, aggregate $20,148,000, as compared with $12,038,000 the previous month and $18,148,000 in October, 1913. The maturing indebtedness of railroad companies for October amounts to $12,183,000, leaving a balance of $8,265,000 for industrial concerns to liquidate. One of the most important of the constructive features of the general situation has been the inauguration of the $100,000,000 gold pool movement for restoring order out of the foreign exchange chaos. An initial shipment of $10,000,000 in bars and gold coin has been forwarded to the agency of the Bank of England at Ottawa. The competent committee that has charge of the pool's operations has now available in London credits equal to this shipment, against which bills can be drawn and sold in this market. A call was last Saturday sent out to the banks subscribing to the pool for 25 per cent of their subscriptions. Mence the committee will have ample supplies of the precious metal to forward to Ottawa, and against which exchange can be drawn and sold. Our West Virginia Grown NURSERY STOCK Fine canvassing outfit FREE. Cash Commissions Paid Weekly. Write for terms The Gold Nursery Co. Mason City, W. Va. Every German regiment has a chiropodist in its, ranks. COLUMBUS, 422 YEARS AGO OCTOBER 12 FIRST SET HIS FOOT UPON THE SOIL OF WORLD'S WESTERN HEMISPHERE DISCOVER WAY TO MAKE FINE TABLE SYRUP FROM APPLES The western hemisphere was discovered 422 years ago By the discovery of the western hemisphere, Columbus multiplied the world by two. For thousands of years this vast continent remained unknown and undeveloped, except such development as was carried out by the unenlightened peoples who roamed about its forests and paddled up and down its waters. When they came here or whence is only a matter of conjecture. Ignorant of What Lay Beyond. Europe has passed through many centuries of comparative enlightenment without giving much thought to what lay beyond the ast expanse of ocean to the west. It remained for Christopher Columbus to figure out the secret of the great beyond, and to tell the world of it, and yet he cannot literally be said to have been the first European discoverer of America. The ancient Scandanavians, or Norsemen, so renowned for their maritime enterprise, had, at the commencement of the eleventh century, not only settled colonies in Greenland and discovered the east coast of America for a considerable distance south, but there is also satisfactory evidence for believing that in the twelve century the celebrated Welsh prince, Madoc, having sailed from his native country with a small fleet, landed somewhere on the Virginia coast. Clung to His Theory. But to Columbus still belongs the merit of having philosophically reasoned out the existence of a new world, and by practically ascertaining the truth of his proposition. It is a little curious, indeed, that the belief which Columbus entertained at first as to the land discovered by him being part of India or China, was adhered to by him to the last, and he died with the idea that Cuba formed a part of the mainland of India. The point of land which Columbus reached more than four centuries ago was one of the Bahama Islands, which Following extensiev experiments begun last spring, the head of the fruit and vegetable utilization laboratory of the department of agriculture has applied for a public service patent covering the making of a new form of table sirup from apple juice. This patent will make the discovery, which the specialists believe will be of great value to all apple growers as a means of utilizing their culls and excess apples, common property of any cider mill in the United States which wishes to manufacture and sell apple cider sirup. The new sirup, one gallon of which is made from seven gallons of ordinary cider, is a clear ruby of amber colored sirup of about the consistency of cane sirup and maple sirup. Properly sterilized and put in sealed tins or bottles, it will keep indefinitely, and when opened, will keep under household conditions as well as other sirups. It has a distinct fruity aroma and special flavor of its own which is described as being practically the same as the taste of the sirupy substance which exudes from a baked apple. The sirup can be used like maple or other sirups for griddle cakes, cereals, household cookery, and as flavoring in deserts. The government cooking experts are at present experimenting wiwth it in cookery and expect shortly to issue recipes for use of the new sirup in old ways and for taking advantage of its special flavor in novel dishes. The department chemists have already produced over ten gallons of this sirup in their laboratories, using summer and other forms of apples. The success of the experiments has greatly interested some of the apple growers, and during October a large cider mill in the Hood River Valley, Oregon, will in co-operation with the he called San Salvador. It is not positively known which one of the Bahamas was the landing place, but most writers believe it was Watling Island. It was soon after daybreak that the three little vessels dropped anchor, and the admiral, richly clad in scarlet, and bearing the royal banner of Spain, made for the shore in a small boat. Natives Fled in Terror. He was accompanied by Pinzon and few others. The beach was lined with human beings who had come running from the woods on seeing the vessels, which they thought to be gigantic white winged birds. As the Spaniards approached the shore the natives fled in terror, and in a few moments all were hidden away in the forest. Columbus, on landing was overcome with emotion. He burst into tears. He bowed himself down and kissed the ground. He thanked God for the realization of his dream that he had cherished so long. He then drew his sword and took possession of the new lands in the name of the sovereigns of Spain, and exacted at the same time the most solemn promise of obedience from his followers. Followers Kissed His Hands. The attitude of the followers had greatly changed Their bitterness toward the admiral for having led them so far into the region of the unknown was now replaced by a feeling of short admiration. They surrounded and embraced him, kissed his hands, and promised the most implicit obedience. Columbus and his followers cruised about the islands until January 4, 1493, when they set their faces toward home to announce their discovery, reaching Palos, from which they had started, on March 15. It is notable that the voyage westward had been begun on Friday, had left the Canaries on Friday; that land was first sighted on Friday, and that the return voyage was begun and ended on Friday. government chemists, endeavor to produce 1,000 gallons on a commercial scale and give the new product a thorough market test by making it accessible through retailers in a limited field. The interest of apple growers in the product arises from he fact that the new apple cider sirup promises to give them a commercial outlet for vast quantities of windfall and other apples for which they hitherto could find no market either in perishable raw cider or in vinegar. Cider production, it seems, comes largeiy at one season of the year during which the market is more or less flooded with this perishable product. The bulk and perishability of the raw cider, moreover, the cider makers state, often make it unprofitable for them to ship the raw cider of one district long distances to a non-apple-growing region. The market for cider, therefore, has been largely restricted in many cases to localities near the area of production. No method of sterilizing ordinary cider has been found practical for the rea cider makers can market it gradually throughout the year. With the elder mill able to make a palatable, long-keeping table sirup out of its apple juice, growers, it is believed, will be able to use all excess juice for bottled or canned apple sirup. The new sirup, the specialists find, will keep indefinitely, so that the elder makers can market it grad gradually throughout the year. The process for making the sirup calls for the addition to a cider mill of a filter press and open kettles or some other concentrating appartus. The process is described as follows: The raw cider is treated with pure milk of lime until nearly, but not quite, all of the natural malic acids are neutralized. The cider is then heated to boiling and filtered through a filter press, an essential feature of the process. The resultant liquid is then evaporated either in continuous evaporators or open kettles, just as ordinary cane or sorghum sirup is treated. It then is cooled and allowed to stand for a short time, which causes the lime and acids to form small crystals of calcium malate. The sirup is then re-filtered through the filter press, which removes the crystals of calcium malate and leaves a sirup with practically the same basic composition as ordinary cane sirup. Its flavor, however, and appearance are distinctive. Calcium malate, the by-product, is a substance used in medicine and at present for $2 per pound. It is believed that if calcium malate can be produced in his way cheaply and in large quantities, it can be made commercially useful in new ways, possibly in he manufacture or oaking powder. The cost of making this sirup on a commercial scale will be determined during the test in October. BELGIAN TELLS OF HIS WAR TRIP of How the Refugees, Wounded Soldiers and Continental Tourists Suffered. LONDON, Oct. 3:—The following story was sent to the Daily News by H. Cozens-Hardy, its Paris correspondent: Amid the multitude of people now pouring into the northern and eastern stations of Paris refugees wounded soldiers, and British and American Continental tourists, all of whom have lost their luggage and many of them their friends—was a highly intelligent Belgian, Mr. Brugmann, of Estinnes, who has been in heart of the fighting zone on the frontier. He happened to have travelled from Mons with a friend of mine. We had lunch together today, and Mr. Brugmann was full of his tragic experiences. I gave some of them just as he related them. His little child was with him. "German horsemen," he said, walked into my house without knocking, and one of them, an officer, demanded food. My wife began to cook some food for them. While it was cooking our little child, who was only seven months old, started crying. My wife then commenced feeding the child from the breast. "This seemed to aggrivate the officer, for he got up from his chair in a temper, and knocked both my wife and child to the floor, and went to see about the cooking of the meat himself. "I was mad with fury, and started to get at him, when the other men stopped me, after knocking me senseless, threw me into the garden, where I lay. I could not tell how long I had been lying there, but when I came to my senses, I heard the sound of horsemen approaching. To my delight I saw they were French. "The Germans on seeing them galloped off, not, however, without losing one of their number, who was killed. "The Frenchmen told me to come along immediately with them. I then went into the house to fetch my wife, child, and sister-in-law, but to my horror I found my wife dead. She had ben killed by a blow on the side of the head. The child was crying, and seemed none the worse. Seeing that I could do no good by staying, I left with the child, leaving my wife's sister to look after the remains of my wife, and here I am in Paris, hardly realizing it. "Never mind, I shall revenge her. I shall avenge her," he said in conclusion and by judging from the look in his face, I think he will. WITH THE BOXERS. By defeating Battling Levinsky at Buffalo recently "One Round" Davis has boosted his reputation as a boxer about 100 per cent. Billy McCarney is goin to act as manager for Carl Morris. Billy belives he can make a champion out of the Oklahoma giant. You Need a Tonic There are times in every woman's life when she needs a tonic to help her over the hard places. When that time comes to you, you know what tonic to take—Cardui, the woman's tonic. Cardui is composed of purely vegetable ingredients, which act gently, yet surely, on the weakened womanly organs, and helps build them back to strength and health. It has benefited thousands and thousands of weak, ailing women in its past half century of wonderful success, and it will do the same for you. You can't make a mistake in taking GART The Woman's Miss Amelia Wilson, R. F. I. says: "I think Cardui is the greatest for women. Before I began to so weak and nervous, and had spells and a poor appetite. Now as strong as I ever did, and can Begin taking Cardui today. Soli Has Helped Th RIDER AGENT IN EACH TOWN and district to Ranger' bicycle furn. shed by making ample footwear for NO MONEY REQUIRED until We ship to anyone anywhere advance, prepay freight, and which time you may ride the If you are then not perfectly cycle ship it back to us as soon FACTORY PRICES posi ual factory cost. You save your direct cost by buying bicycle. DO NOT LOY at any price until you receive our factory prices and reavailable YOU WILL BE ASTONISH she comfortably low price we can bicycles for less money than above factory cost. BICYCLE DE own name plate at double our price but usually have a number on hand taken in trade cift promptly at prices ranging from £2 to £8 or single whole, imp COASTER BRAKES, and equipment of all $10.00 Medgethorn Puncture Self-healing Tires A TO IN The regular retail price of these tires is 1000 per pair to pro- duce we will sell you a sample pair for $4.91 (cash with order $4.55). NO MORE TROUBLE FROM PUNCTURES RDUI man's Tonic n, R. F. D. No. 4, Alma, Ark., the greatest medicine on earth, began to take Cardui, I was and had such avful dizzy te. Now I feel as well and, and can eat most anything." day. Sold by all dealers. d Thousands. AGENT IS WANTED GARDUI Miss Amelia Wilson, R. F. D. No. 4, Alma, Ark., says: "I think Cardui is the greatest medicine on earth, for women. Before I began to take Cardui, I was so weak and nervous, and had such awful dizzy spells and a poor appetite. Now I feel as well and as strong as I ever did, and can eat most anything." Begin taking Cardui today. Sold by all dealers. RIDER AGENTS WANTED in trade by our Chicago retail stores second-hand bicycles, scooters, motorcycles, and other items free £2 to $8 or $10. Descriptive bargain lists mailed free wholes, imported roller chains and pedals, parts, repairs equipment of all kinds at half the regular retail prices. Puncture-Proof $ 4.00 A SAMPLE PAIR TO INTRODUCE, ONLY 00 Hedgethorn Puncture-Proof Self-healing Tires A SAMPLE PAIR TO INTRODUCE, ONLY LOSCATO DE MAYOR LOSCATO DE MAYOR LOSCATO DE MAYOR Nailie, Tacks or Glass will not let the air out. A hundred thousand pairs sold last year. DESORPTION! Made in all sizes. It is lively and easy riding, very durable a special quality of rubber, which never becomes porous and which closes up small punctures without allowing air to escape. They weigh no more than an ordinary tire, the puncture resisting qualities being given by several layers of thin, specially prepared fabric on the tread. The regular price of these tires is $19.00 per pair, but for advertising purposes we are making a special factory price to the rider of only 44.80 per pair. All orders shipped same day letter is received. We will ship C. O.D. on approval. You do We will allow you examine and find them We will allow you to pay per cent (thereby you send FILL CASH WITH ORDER) sending us an order as the tires may be returned at OUR satisfactory on examination. We are perfectly reliable and prices a pair of these tires, you will find that they will ride easier, run far a couple of these tires, you will find used or seen at any price. We know that a bicycle you will give me your tires. We don't charge any kind at any IF YOU NEED TIRES Puncture-Proof tires on any price quoted above or write for our big Tire and Sunday tainting kinds of tires and bicycle equipment and supplies, please call the DO NOT WAIT but write us a postal date. DO NOT It costs only a portal to learn everything. Write it now. J. L. NEAD CYCLE COMPANY We will allow a cash discount of 5 per cent (thereby making the price $4.25 per unit) you send FULL CASH WITH ORDER and enclose this advertisement. You run no risk of sending us an order as the tires may be returned at OUR expense if for any reason they are not satisfactory on examination. We are perfectly reliable and money sent to us is as safe as in a bank. If our order contains three tires, you will find that you will ride easier, run faster, wear better, last longer and that than any other tire. We will be pleased that when you want a bicycle you will give us your order. We want you to send our triple order at the special price if you NEED TIRES don't buy any kind at any price until you send for the special price quoted above, or write for our big Tire and Sundry Catalogue which describes and quotes all kinds of tires and bicycle equipment about the special price. DO NOT WASTE GUILDING. HOTEL POWHATAN WASHINGTON D.C. HOTEL OF AMERICAN IDEALS In a city where good hotels abound, the Powhatan heads the lot. It is first in the hearts of its countrymen. The Powhatan is refined, exclusive, and restful. Its excellent location and Pennsylvania Avenue, 18th and 19th floors, makes it a desirable headquarters for bridal couples, tourist parties, conventions, Schools and colleges. The Powhatan attracts the people of culture and education. Its proximity to State, War and Navy Departments, also to many points of historical interest, makes this hotel especially attractive to a discriminating public. The Powhatan offers rooms wild detached bath at $1.50, $2.00 and up. Rooms with private bath, $2.50, $3.00 and up. THE LA FAYETTE MFG.CO EDENTON, N.C. AGENTS HERE IS THE MONEY MAKER! MENTION PAPER YOU SAW AD. IN Write for booklet with map. CLIFFORD M. LEWIS. Manager. tired to ride, and exhibit a sample Latest Model shed by us, or Rider Agents everywhere are rife for full particulars and special offer at once. Until you receive and approve your bicycle, where in the U. S. without a cost deposit in it, allow TENDAYS FREESTAIR during ide the bicycle and put it to any test you wish, effectively satisfied or do not wish to keep the bliss purese and you will not be out one cost. S is possible to make grade bicycles it is you save $10 to its manufacturer's profits. You have the manufacturer's guarantee behind your JY a bicycle or a pair of JYs from your goe eceive our catalogues and learn our unheard variable special offers. TONISHED when you receive our beautiful cat- alogue and study our super models at you make them available. The super models are an new factory. We are satisfied with your YCLE DEALERS you can sell our bicycles under your prices. Orders filled the day received. STRAIGHTEN YOUR HAIR BEFORE AFTER "PRESTO" STRAIGHTENS THE MOST OBSTINATE, STUBBORN, KINKY HAIR "PRESTO" removes Dandruff, Tetter, and other Golden Dusts of the SCALP "PRESTO" makes the Hair GROW "PRESTO" to Harmelk, Clean and Lasting. "PRESTO" is the Greatest Lawyer Known to Mankind in this Line. Throw a way your old pinching and pulling hot toen and the so-called electric combs, and stop burning your hair out, and get a package of "PRESTO" "FILING OF ALL HAIR PREPARATIONS" "PRESTO" will straighten your Hair the first application or we will rewind your money. The hair patients straighten for months. Think of it, nothing in the world like "PRESTO". Apply "PRESTO" two or three times a year, that's all. A PACKAGE OF "PRESTO" SENT POST-PAID WITH FULL DIRECTIONS ON RECEIPT OF FIFTY CENTS. (50 CENTS) SATISFACTION GUARANTEED WRITE FOR INFORMATION Notice the thick rubber toe for "A" and puncture strings "B" and "D" also rim strap with grip. The rubber grip of the tire will outlaut a chop make- SOF-, ELASTIC and EADY RIDING.