Cayton's Weekly

Cayton's Weekly SEATTLE, WASHINGTON, SATURDAY, APRIL 26, 1919 PRICE FIVE CENTS CAYTON'S WEEKLY Subscription $2 per year in advance. Special made to bar and societies HORA PACSCO CASTRO Author and Publisher HORACE ROSCOE CAYTON..Editor and Publisher Entred as second class matter, August 18, 1916, at the post office at Seattle, 'Vash., under the Act of March 3rd, 1916. TELEPHONE: BEACON 1910 Office 303 22nd Ave. South THE PRIMARY LAW Many of the states that adopted the primary system for nominating candidates for political offices are repealing the law and going back to the old convention system, and Washington state would do well to follow suit. The primary law has been kicked and cuffed so much since it first took effect in this state that its parents would not now recognize their own child. As the primary law will stand after June 13th next the nomination of party candidates will be little short of a roaring farce. Take for example the nomination of candidates for state offices next year such a thing can happen that one may be nominated for governor and yet not recevie more than 10 per cent of the vote cast. As obnoxious as was the second choice nomination it came nearer expressing the will of the majority than the law as it now stands. Suppose next year Clark Savage, Roland H. Hartley, George B. Lamping, Louis T. Hart and one or two more equally strong candidates file for the gubernatorial nomination, its a safe bet that the fellow getting 15 or 20 per cent of the votes cast will be declared the party nominee, which would be neither the will of the majority or the wish of the minority, but the desire of a close corporation bunch more dangerous by far than the old bunch that fixed the slate in the back office room of some political big chief. No one should be declared the party choice who does not receive a majority of the votes cast. In case a number of persons run for the same nomination and none receive a majority vote then the two receiving the highest number of votes should hold a second primary and let the people fully decide. Expensive, you say. Quite right you are, but what are expenses in comparison to the majority ruling. Other states have successfully used this method and why not Washington. One trial of the primary laws as amended by the last legislature will, in our opinion, be amply sufficient to warrant the repeal of the whole darn thing that something new may be given us or a return to the old convention system. WHITE AND COLORED SOLDIERS When this country first entered the European war the Southern white citizens went into hysterics lest the government call colored men to arms the same as white men. From every Southern state came the hew and cry, "this is a white man's war and black men are not wanted." Subsequent developments however failed to verify the contentions of the Southern whites, for as the war progressed here is a record of the white and colored men who enlisted from the South: Incidentally, of 360,710 colored men inducted into the Service by draft, 239,077, or $65\%$, were citizens of Southern states whose total white contribution was only 370,269. Mississippi gave 24,066 colored. 19.- 296 white; South Carolina 25,798 colored, 18,261 white; Louisiana 28,711 colored, 27. 494 white; Georgia 34,303 colored, 32,538 white; Florida 12,904 colored, 12,912 white. The colored soldiers went to France and acted well their part, yes so well that the world is giving them the praise, but the white slackers who succeeded in keeping out of the service, are preparing to give the oversea colored soldiers a warm reception, if they do not return in an even more humiliating state of mind than were they before they left for the front. In mobs the Southern white man is some brave boy, but alone a more miserable coward is nowhere to be found under heaven's broad canopy. That the colored man of this country is one of the most patriotic souls that is to be found is self evident, for while fighting in France for the flag the white slackers of the South were lynching their fathers, mothers, sisters and brothers and yet he fought on. It would seem to us that the white man of the South would see the error of his way some time and resolve within himself to do unto others as he would have others do to him, though the others had dark skins. NO PITY OR SYMPATHY In an address before the Rotary Club of Baltimore Bishop Thirkiel of the M. E. Church and stationed in New Orleans, in making a plea that more consideration be given to the colored citizens of this country by the white citizens, among other things said, "There is no Negro problem, but what is much needed is a Negro program." We quite agree that there is no Negro problem, but we take issue with him on his Negro program. If anything at all the Negro is a full fledged citizen and if not hindered in his onward march he will reach the goal without any program by which he is to travel. The colored man needs no sympathy nor pity, but he does need to be just lest alone, and if he is he will act just as does the white man. We object to any set program being fixed for colored men any more so than for white men. If this is a free country where everyone irrespective of color or creed can act on his own initiative as long as no fixed law is violated then give the colored man the same leeway as the white man and he will come as near taking care of himself as the white. What's sauce for the goose should likewise be sauce for the gander. DIFFERENCE IN DEFINITION The world has never had a good definition of the word liberty and the American people are just now much in need of one. We all declare for liberty, but in using the same word we do not all mean the same thing. With some the word liberty may mean for each man to do as he pleases with himself and the product of his labor, while with others the same word may mean for some men to do as they please with other men and the product of other men's labor. The shepherd drives the wolf from the sheep's throat, for which the sheep thanks the shepherd as his liberator, while the wolf denounces him for the same act as the destroyer of liberty. Plainly the sheep and the wolf are not agreed upon a definition of the word liberty, and precisely the same difference prevails today among us human creatures.—Abraham Lincoln. VOL. III. NO. 47 DITORIAL PARAGRAPHS If the Victory Loan does not go over the top with a tiger then "let Ole do it," has lost its cunning even so soon. Italy wants to play hog and is preparing to quit the peace conference if she is interfered with in her endeavor. In the midst of the mayoralty trial at Los Angeles there is no doubt of their being a Negro in it. Big Bill Thompson's election vote may have been a fluke, but, if it were, its the kind of flukes that all politicians are anxious to have come their way. If Japan and Italy can the peace pact there may still be a chance of Bill Kaiser getting a corner on the world and its fullness. For once since we have had a family Easter was not an expensive luxury to us, however, it was not our fault as we did not have the money to spend. Just why Senator Poindexter had to fly from Seattle, after having made such a soul capturing speech the evening before, is more than we can explain, but he did, and he flew so high that he wont come back 'till the fourth of July. Seattle's Twelfth avenue and Jackson street have much the appearance of State street of Chicago, Beal street of Memphis and Harlem of New York. Birds of a feather will flock together. It is very considerate in Acting Governor Hart to make no political appointments displeasing to Gov. Lister, but if Hart intends to play in the Republican game he would do well to play politics seven days in every week. If the late Orville Billings of Tacoma, who committed suicide on the eve of his trial in the superior court of King county, was as rich as the daily papers claim him to be, he ought to have bought his freedom from the parents of the girl he wronged. Money, be it remembered, hides a multitude of sins. Over in New York City a colored woman sued a white woman for $50,000 damages for alienating the affections of her husband and though the evidence seemed more or less conclusive the jury returned a verdict for the defendant. We have our suspicions that that jury did not care to be the first to let down the bars. Any man, woman or child of sound mind and body, who will accept charity, sympathy or pity from another, because forsooth the circumstances of the other fellow are such as to make things more conducive for life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness than are his, is unworthy to be called a human being. Let everyone be of the mental temperament of the Dutchman's horse—poor but proud—and the world will not only be wealthier but wiser. Social equality between classes, like the law of supply and demand for the necessities of life, will invariably regulate itself. The whitest white person with a weakness for the blackest black person is in no wise perturbed by the taunts of the other white persons and vice versa. In other words, all social laws and distinctions fade away like snow in June when affinities, however disparaging their colors and conditions may be, seek each other. --- ```markdown ``` It smacks of a good deal of bushwa to hear a colored person profess love, admiration or common respect for the white man of the South and when he does do so he is simply looking for a back door hand out. If Italy would make no better showing fighting the world than she did fighting the Huns then the good God be merciful. It looks to us as if President Wilson will get in a jam if he does not get out of Europe post haste. It looks very much like that a Mrs. Wells will involve another bunch of Seattle policemen in another big whiskey scandal. Unless Chief Warren begins to recruit his much depleted force the city will soon be without adequate police protection. We are stiil of the opinion that if the average colored man is "a liar and a thief" he has none the better of the average policeman. Despite the fact the Y. M. C. A. went with our doughboys over there that they might be ever mindful of pure Christianity, yet the Y. M. C. A. secretaries took so much of the doughboys' dough that now those doughboys pronounce the "Y" Christianity a rip-roaring razzle dazzle farce. Perhaps Bill McAdoo is correct in saying, "Any man who opposes the League of Nations' covenant, is either wilfully ignorant or a Republican," but our version of it is, any man who favors the L. of N. covenant, is either a damphool or a Wilson Democrat and perhaps both. However futile may have been the efforts of Ed Hagen to break into the penitentiary in days gone by, he seems now to be in a fair way to attain the goal of his ambition. "If at first you don't succeed, try, try again. All that other folks can do, why with patience may not you, only keep this rule in view, try, try again." And now even Democrats, let alone Republicans and organized laborers, are clamoring for Burleson's dismissal, but all these will move Wilson not. Just keep your shirts on fellows and the people at the next election will remove Wilson, Burleson and the whole dam family. It might be well that the signing of the peace treaty be not deferred too long lest in the meantime the peace pact go to pieces. If would-be flyers across the Atlantic ocean will be forced to wait for favorable wind and weather then flying to Europe will be as uncertain as was sailing for Europe. What the world is looking for now is a craft that can and will get up and get as soon as the command has been given. With Walter D. Hines at the head of the government railroads there is about as much show for them to make a respectable financial showing as it is for the proverbial snow ball to fly through hades. Hines is simply the wrong man in the right place and its a burning shame that a double dealer like Hines, who is supposed to be working for the government, when in fact he is but working for the former railroad magnates, to hold this position. The government ownership of railroads should continue indefinitely and that too in spite of one Walter D. Hines. Probably the P.I. knows what it is talking about when it says, "Italy can't quit the peace conference," but all the same she has quit. That Germany will not accept the findings of the peace conference without registering a protest is a foregone conclusion, but that she will be forced to accept them is likewise a foregone conclusion. However powerful Germany may have been in the past her power has been broken and the only resistance she can now offer is a gurrella war. So objectionable are the policies of Acting Mayor Lane to Actual Mayor Hanson that in leaving for his Liberty Loan speaking tour he even took his private secretary with him. The mayor is playing safety first and is seeing to it that his right bower (officially) does not get contaminated with the Lane virus. THE PASSING THRONG Mr. and Mrs. Floyd Wright, who live in Olympia, visited friends in Seattle last Sunday and to the surprise of their friends they motored to the city in their own car of recent purchase. Floyd has already learned how to lay on his back and work on the car standing over him. Rev. J. B. Barber, the newly elected pastor of Grace Presbyterian Church of this city will be installed next Sunday afternoon at 4 p. m. The occasion promises to be a very imposing one as many of the Presbyterian dignataries of the city will be present and assist in the obsequies. The Efficiency Club dance last Monday evening, according to the version of one who ought to know, was the swell affair of the present year. "The ladies were gowned as I never saw them before and they were simply beautiful to look upon." A long story short, all present spent a most enjoyable evening and left wishing the club many more. S. H. Stone, president of the Seattle branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, has many plans laid out for his spring drive for new members and will unfold many of them at the coming mass meeting next Monday evening at Greyerbiels Hall. Dr. C. J. Allen has a home on Beacon Hill, to which he has moved his family and in the language of the old timer, he now lives at home and boards at the same place. Dr. Allen has recently moved to Seattle, he having married Miss Beatrice Clark, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Clark of this city. While as yet he has not set the world on fire or even started a blaze in his dental profession from a financial standpoint, yet he seems to be laying a pretty foundation for a permanent success. Felix Crane, at one time alleged king of the Seattle underworld, who, if so, was dehroned, but had backbone enough to keep his mouth shut, seems to have a double shadow in Los Angeles in the persons of George Henderson and George Brown, alleged kings of the Los Angeles underworld, who, so goes the story, promised to turn over to the campaign manager of the mayor of that city $2000 per month for police protection. The mayor is now being tried for accepting a bribe and Henderson and Brown are the star witnesses in the case. The colored man may not be able to attain the position as king of the Upper world but he oloms up like a flashlight in the darkness when it comes to being king of the underworld. McCant Stewart, from many years a wellknown attorney at law of Portland, Oregon, but of recent years of San Francisco, committed suicide one day last week, so comes the report from the latter city. After leaving Portland he lost his health and subsequently his eyes failed him and between the two ailments he became despondent and when his sight was so far gone that he could not read his morning paper he ended it all by blowing his brains out. He was a very brainy man and stood high in the legal circles of Portland and San Francisco. He was the son of the famous T. McCant Stewart, formerly of New York and he was a chip off the old block. The following item from a local San Francisco paper tells the tale, which is as follows: Learning that he was going blind, McCant Stewart, a Negro attorney, scribbled a note of farewell and shot himself in the head, Monday night, in his office at 381 Bush street. His body was found on the floor by business associates yesterday morning. The weapon he used lay on the floor beside him. On his desk lay the note: "I am going blind. My sight is gone. I can't see to read. Poor Mac. I can't stand it any longer, so I cashed in." Stewart was forty years old, a son of McCants Stewart, the former Attorney General of Hawaii, and a graduate of the College of Minnesota. He is survived by a widow and 14-year-old daughter, living at 2544 Sutter Street. San Francisco Chronicle, April 16th. Periodically one or more men in Seattle start out to set the world on fire and end up by themselves being set on fire financially speaking. If a delegate is sent to the Tenth Annual session of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People in June next we suggest that the delegate be S. H. Stone and the alternate delegate be Mrs. Nettie J. Asberry of Tacoma. Another instance of "when thieves fall out" is to be seen in the chief witness against the mayor of Los Angeles, now on trial for accepting a bribe. He openly admits that he has been promised immunity for telling the whole graft story and further admits he is doing so because the mayor and the other "big ones" refused to let him be one of them, though I got my share of the coin." Play with a puppy and he will lick your mouth. DID YOU KNOW More than 56,000,000 acres have been added to the country's aggregate crop acreage in the last ten years. Credits of $85,000,000 to France and $25,000,000 to Italy were announced on the 3rd by the Treasury. The total advanced to the Allies is $9,008,999,340,75, of which France has received $2,702,477,800 and Italy $1,521,500,000. It takes a minimum of $50 a month to provide a family of two adults and three children with sufficient nourishment, at present prices, according to Miss Aubyn Chinn, food expert of the Department of Agriculture. Warning of the spread of Bolshevism among the Negroes of the United States is contained in a report submitted to the members of the Union League Club in New York by the committee appointed to study the spread of Bolshevist doctrines in America. The railroads showed a net Federal income of $19,350,354 during January, 1919, as compared with a deficit of $3,570,299 in January, 1918, according to official Government figures. The standard return applicable to January is $55,331,013. Some figures on railroad capitalization per mile will be interesting, in view of the probable nationalization of the British railways. In 1913 the average capitalization per mile in the United States was $65,861, France $150,439, Germany $120,049, and the United Kingdom $274,027. The Interstate Commerce Commission has reported that the casualties on American railroads during 1917 resulted in the death of 9,567 persons and the injury of 70,970. During the previous year 9,476 lives were lost and 66,982 persons were injured. Accidents on grade crossing of steam railroads numbered 3,673, in which 1,777 persons were killed and 4,356 injured. The Chicago Water Works System, which has always been cited by municipal authorities as evidence of their success, furnished another strong argument in the report recently furnished to the City Council. During the year 1918 the water system had an excess revenue over expenses of $3,003,200. The receipts were $7,625,142, while it required only $4,621,941 to operate. "After 162 years of British Christian rule, the Indian nation is in a starving condition," was the assertion made by Dr. N. S. Hardiker, associate editor of Young India, in an address before the Friends of Irish Freedom in S.t. Louis. Only 1 per cent of the 315 million people in India are able to speak English. "Over 150,000,000 people in India do not know what it means to have a square meal." On February 1 the total amount of mortgage loans closed since the establishment of the Federal Land Banks was $168,213,931, numbering 71,204 borrowers. During January 5,678 applications were received asking "eo. Ding 4 x PS Be ia ee en Teg pa Leet re eee ee ne ee } for $22,008,095. During the same period 5,138 loans were approved, amounting to $16,131,553. All together 173,644 have ap- plied for loans under this system, aggre- gating $447,729,569. MEN WITH NERVE SAM UVEESEE GTINY ULUCCr GOW i NCW LOPK banquetted 500 friends in one of the lead- ing cafes of the city and the music for the oceasion was furnished by an orchestra of colored men. When the eating time came the entertaining officer, though white, gave orders that the colored men be seated at the head of the table and served as the other guests, which brought on a heated argument between the proprietor and himself, and for a second it seemed that the officer would lose, but he rose from his seat and informed his guests of his order and the proprietor’s refusal to do as requested and concluedd with: ‘If they were good enough to fight with they are good enough to eat with. And if they can’t sit at my table you can cancel the order for the five hundred plates,’’ brought forth rounds of thundering ap- plause from the guests for his 100 per cent Americanism. A long story short, the col- ored men were served as the other guests and all went as merry as a marriage bell. A majority of the white men of this country way down in their heart of hearts feel toward the colored folks just as did the above army officer, but they haven’t the ‘‘guts’’ to defy the taunts of the minority. On a previous occasion the writer hereof has published a personal story of having been employed by Judge Richard Winsor of this city as city editor of his daily paper —The Evening Call—when the twelve white men in the composing room, on learning of the new city editor, struck and informed Judge Winsor, ‘‘We refuse to take copy from a colored man.’’ Rising supreme to the occasion, and in words not clothed in Sunday school regalia, he replied, ‘‘Get your effects, each one of you, and go to the office and get your money. You boss my com- posing room, but I draw the line on my editorial room.’? The men after a hasty confab among themselves decided not to strike and for months thereafter they took copy from the objectionable colored man and after a brief spell became boon com- panions of the colored man. Judge Winsor, like the army officer, had the ‘‘guts’’ to stand up for the rights of two human be- ings, himself and the colored man, and the would-be strikers tucked their tails under the lash of right and justice and sneaked away as so many whipped curs. Not long since as a train from Chicago went speeding southward headed for New Orleans an oversea colored soldier sat in one of the passenger coaches and when the train crossed the Mason and Dixon line the colored hero was told to go to the ‘‘colored eoach,’’? which he refused to do, and when the tram crew came to forcibly take him to the colored car, a Southern white man rose supreme to the moment and said, ‘‘lay hands on him at your peril,’’ and the crew fell back as though a voice from the clouds had commanded them and the colored soldier rode the balance of his journey undisturbed, save numerous courtesies shown him from the white passengers. The white man had the guts to stand up for the right and the wrong trembled in its boots. Some years ago after much persuasion the Republican National Committee agreed to hold a national convention in St. Louis, providing always the places of accommoda- tion and amusements in St. Louis would open their doors to the colored delegates the same as to the white delegates, but when the convention assembled to the chagrin of the party leaders the colored delegates had no place to rest their heads, which caused such a row that the convention was on the verge of adjourning and reconvening in Chi- as SS ree On eet ee eS ee eee ee ward Hawkins—walked into the Planters Hotel and took his meals in the dining room as big as life. On the Washington delega- tion was one John H. McGraw and he rose supreme to the moment and announced “hell will be to pay, if Hawkins is not accorded the same rights as the other dele- gates from Washington,’’ and in this he was backed up by the other members of the delegation. Gov. MeGraw had the guts to stand for the right and as a result Hawkins was given his rights. Once in the good old political days of this state a number of Senator John L. Wilson’s friends protested against he, Wilson, always having a colored man at his political con- fabs, and against he, Wilson, seemingly more inclined to take the political advice of the colored man than the ninety and nine white men within the fold. The writer be- ing the objectionable one he heard with much self satisfaction the reply of John Lockwood Wilson, ‘‘His color to the con- trary notwithstanding he suits me and you ought to be tickled to death. This is my fight, not yours, and I feel quite able to take care of my affairs. He will continue one of my trusted lieutenants as long as he and I are satisfied.’’ Wilson had the guts to not be afraid of criticism and as a result a colored man from a political standpoint got a square deal. May perhaps this storyette will serve no good purpose and intensify the colorphobia disease rather than mitigate it, but what- ever it does it will be meet for thought. White supremacy in the United States is a fixed fact and it will so continue for multi- plied generations yet to come and for the colored folks to kick against the pricks will be as futile as to fight the flying winds, but at that the white man can afford to be not only fair, but generous. The black man, the red man, the yellow man, the brown man and all manner of man have human rights that even the white man should not disdain to respect and you will be a better man for having done so. IRELAND FREE I stepped across to Paris and I heard the song of Peace; I heard the cheers for liberty from Green- land down to Greece. I heard the fiddles, fifes and drums, and then I listened sharp, And I says, says I, ‘‘Now, where’s the sound of Tara’s Irish harp? You ask for freedom of the land, and free- dom of the sea; Give freedom, too, to Ireland—and_ that makes the whole world free!’’ I stepped across to Ireland and I went to Dublin town And there I saw gossoons in green a-march- ing up and down, 3 And then I went to Belfast, which was marching in reply, And there they wore the orange hue and so I says, says I: “When Irishman and Irishman have Irish eyes to see, To see that both are Irishmen, then Ireland will be free.’’ ..-I went to California and I took one look around, And there I saw green orange trees a- growing in the ground! O, Dublin hue! and Belfast, too! why not choose this instead, And wear white orange-blossoms on the day that you are wed? I saw green fruit and orange fruit upon the self-same tree, And when they grow in Ireland so, then Treland will be free! —Edwin Vance Cooke, in Reedy’s Mirror. LABOR AT THE BAT The new Labor Party had its first real tryout in Chicago April 1st. Although or- ganized but a few scant months its success DR. C J ALLEN, Dentist, Examination free: » 9211 Globe Bldg. 1st and Madison. Office hours 9 to 12 a. m., 1 to 6 p. m., Sun- days by appointment. Residence i830 24th Avenue. East 6419. DR. F.B COOPER, Pentst:, ,262:3 empire . Tr. DB. » Bldg, 2nd and Madison. Special appointments for evenings and Sundays. Of- fice hours 8:30 to 12 and 2 to 6. Main 6093. Resi- dence, East 5056, a wants two columns CAYTON’S WEEKLY ve" st%ied Mts made up after thtis style and fashion. Rates very reasonable, Beacon 1910. i STONE THE CATERER vette. 123" parties and. ban- quets cheaper than you can do it yourself. Stone's ice cream leads, East 275. in the smaller Illinois cities of Pekin, Bloom- ington, and Joliet gave its friends hopes of a good showing in Chicago with its 800,000 registered votes. Its failure to poll a larger vote is disappointing to those who hoped that with the labor vote augmented by the support of men and women like Mary Me- Dowell, Robert Herrick, Wm. L. Chenery, and Geo. E. Ilooker, a real independent movement might be launched. Considering its handicaps, however, the Labor Party did fairly well in polling 54,000 votes. The Labor Party started out as a side party. The real election lay between Robert M. Sweitzer, a relative by marriage of Roger Sullivan, the gas boss, and William Tale Thompson, the personally conducted candi- date of Lundin, a former lieutenant of Ex- Senator William Lorimer. These two waged a bitter fight over the school question and the public utilities, although to the neutral it appeared to be a case of the pot calling the kettle black. Thompson got the votes of many liberals who would otherwise have been for Fitzpatrick and the Labor Party, because the logie of the situation seemed to demand the defeat of Sweitzer—The Re- publie. 1 see a world where thrones have crum- bled and where kinds are dust; the aristoc- racy of idleness has perished from the earth. I see a world without a slave. Man at last is free. Nature’s forces have by science been enslaved. I see a world at peace; adorned with every form of art, with music’s myriad voices thrilled; while lips are rich with words of love and truth—a world in which no exile sighs, no prisoner mourns; a world on which the gibbet’s shadow does not fall; a world where labor reaps its full re- ward; where work and worth go hand in hand. TI see a race without disease of flesh or brain; shapely and fair; the married harmony of form and function, and as I look life lengthens, joy deepens, love cano- pies the earth; and over all in the great dome shines the eternal star of human hope. —Robert G. Ingersoll. TOMORROW PACIFIC COAST COAL CO. Puts the Best COAL on the Market Phone Main S080 You Are Welcome To Spend Your Leisure Moments at the GREAT NORTHERN POOL AND BILLIARD HALL Cigars, Tobacco and Soft Drinks. Courteous Treatment BOYD & WILLIAMS, Props. 1032 Jackson St. We ek ```markdown ``` NEGRO EMIGRATION Investigations of Negro migration to the north during the war, just issued by the Department of Labor, indicate that the total migration may have been as great as 350,000, extending over a period of about 18 months during 1916 and 1917. That figure is fixed as the maximum limit, and 150,000 as the minimum limit, and the estimate of James H. Dillard, who had charge of the inquiry, is 200,000. The movement had been under way for a long time before any effort was made to determine the number of Negroes moving north. Moreover, so many left separately and unobserved that complete statistics would have been impractical. The investigator in Georgia estimates that between 35,000 and 45,000 Negroes left that state in 1916-17, and the number to leave Alabama during the same time is estimated at 75,000, State officials, however, made higher estimates, placing the number to leave Georgia at 50,000, Alabama 90,000, and Mississippi 100,000. Lack of labor in the north, due to the cessation of immigration, was the principal cause, the investigators agree. Among the causes operative in the South to induce migration were general dissatisfaction with conditions, the ravages of the boll weevil, floods, change of crop system, low wages, poor housing, poor schools, unsatisfactory crop settlements, rough treatment, cruelty of the law officers, unfairness in court procedure, lynchings, desire to travel, labor agents, aid from Negroes in the north, and the influence of the Negro press. The movement of large numbers at the same time was due largely to labor agents, but after these initial group movements Negroes kept going north in small numbers, attracted by the letters from their friends who had already gone. Better wages were important. "Every Negro who made good in the North, started a new group on the way," the investigators stated. About half the immigrants, according to one investigator, went from the towns. Another investigator found that the counties in the Black Belt of Alabama which had suffered most were those in which there was most poverty among the Negroes, and that the shortage of labor was most acute among the landowners who made no attempt to keep their Negro tennants by providing for their subsistence. One of the promising movements to improve relations between white and colored persons in the South and thus remove causes of the migration appears to be the "Community Congress" plan, put under way in Bolivar County, Miss.. The feature of this plan is a committee organization including prominent white business men and agriculturists, and prominent colored men, in each county. Committees are chosen from the main body to consider special subjects—for example, there is a committee on labor supply. This type of organization is interesting in emphasizing the common interest of the races in community development, and in providing contact between racial leaders in ways designed to promote harmony, prosperity and good will. Bureaus on Negro affairs as adjuncts to Chambers of Commerce are also highly recommended, as means of bringing together desirable Negro tenants and white landlords and planters. Frequent and confidential conferences upon community problems and active co-operation between the local leaders of the races are urged as important measures toward betterment. Better housing is recommended, both for North and South. The necessity of higher wages, better homes and better surroundings in the South has come to be generally recognized. "Fair treatment, opportunity to labor and enjoy the legitimate fruits of labor, assurance of even handed justice in Phone 2647 Tailors and Cleaners. Clothes called for and delivered. Hats retrimmed and blocked. H. S. Frazier C. W. Curtest the courts, good educational facilities, sanitary living conditions, tolerance and sympathy" are urged by the Southern University Commission on Race relations as a means of keeping Negro labor in the South. A summary of the investigation has been published in a bulletin entitled, "Negro Migration in 1916-17," which the Department of Labor now has available for distribution.—Pullman Porters Review. An Englishman, for his first time visiting Ireland, was out driving one day with Pat, when he remarked to him: "I say, Pat, what a lot of hills you have in Ireland." "Oh, it's sure we have sir," said Pat. "We had so much land here in Ireland that we had to put it in heaps." WHY NOT? When our boys who canned the Kaiser, or who stayed in camp or ship. Open up your toothless cavern or your lunch-room filled with pearls. When Old Glory passes by you, bare your head, salute your flag, You can thank your Uncle Sammy that it's not a German rag. Yay until your lungs are bursting, rock the buildings, shout and sing. Show the boys they own the city and can have 'most everything. Fill them up with pies and good things, till they split their vest and jeans, Turkey, goose, and young spring chicken, put the lid on army beans. Let them smoke like traction engines, till it's like a London fog. Stuff them ful of fun and pleasure till they're tired as a dog. Cart them home on rubber tires, let them sleep at least a week. Put a muffler on the door-bell, throw alarm clocks in the creek. Then, when each and every fellow once again is clean and sane. Pay him for his loss in wages; give him back his job again. —Pvt. Leland Hayden, in "The Cro," Bourges, France. --- HELP US TO HELP YOU The National Assn., for the Advancement of Colored People Will Give a Will Give a GRAND MAY DANCE Thursday Evening, May 15th, 1919 8:30 P.M. At Renton Hill Club House, 18th Ave. eNar Madison Music by Mrs. Smith's Orchestra Committee:Mr. and Mrs. G. W. Jones, Mr. Harvey Chandler, Mrs. W. Wood, Mr. S. H. Stone, Dr. Arthur Williams, Mr. S. H. Stone, Mrs. L. A. Graves, Dr. Arthur Williams, Chairman. Subscription 50c RICHARDSON'S UNDERTAKING PARLORS 1216-18 Jackson Street Office, Beacon 103; Res., Main 5610 IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF Washington for King County. John J. Shirley, Plaintiff, vs. Jesse W. Rawlings, and Mabel Rawlings, his wife, and Emma T. Rawlings, Defendants.—No. ..... Summons and Publication. The State of Washington to Jesse W. Rawlings, and Mabel Rawlings, his wife, and Emma T. Rawlings: You and each of you are hereby summoned to appear within sixty (60) days after the date of the first publication of this summons, to-wit: sixty (60) days after the 29th day of March, 1919, and defend the above entitled action in the above entitled court and answer the complaint of the plaintiff and serve a copy of your answer upon the undersigned attorney for the plaintiff at his office below specified in Seattle, King County, Washington, said King County being the place designated by the plaintiff as the place of trial of said action, and in case of your failure so to do, judgment will be rendered against you according to the demand of the complaint which has been filed with the clerk of said court. The object of the above entitled action is to foreclose a certain mortgage executed by the defendants Jesse W. Rawlings and Mabel Rawlings, his wife, bearing date the 17th day of December, 1906, and filed for record in the office of the Auditor of King County, State of Washington, December 23, 1908, in Volume 424 of Mortgages, page 315 of the Records of King County, Washington, whereby there was mortgaged to the said Emma T. Rawlings the following described real estate situate in King County, State of Washington, to-wit: The north twenty and six one-hundredths (20.06) feet of Lot two (2) and the south nineteen and ninety-four one-hundredths (19.94) feet of lot one (1) in block one (1) Leschi Heights Addition to the city of Seattle, together with all and singular the tenements, hereditaments and appurtenances thereunto belonging or in any way appertaining. That said mortgage and notes were duly assigned, transferred and set over for a valuable consideration by the said Emma T. Rawlings to said John J. Shirley, the plaintiff herein. That said assignment of mortgage was dated the 23rd day of September, 1918, and duly recorded in the office of the Auditor of King County, State of Washington, on the 28th day of January, 1919, in Volume 760 page 460 of the Records of King County, Washington. The object of said action is to exclude defendants therein and each of them from any lien on interest in said property and otherwise as will more fully appear from said complaint. JOHN J. KINNANE, Attorney for Plaintiff. Office and Post Office Address: Hotel Seattle, Seattle, Washington. First publication March 29, 1919. Last publication May 10, 1919. IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF THE STATE OF Washington for the County of King.—No. 133363. Summons by Publication. J. Abe Fisher, Plaintiff, vs. Fred Therriault, and William Fisher and Eve S. Fisher, his wife, Defendants. The State of Washington, to the said Fred Therriault, Defendant. You are hereby summoned to appear within sixty days after the date of the first publication of this summons, to-wit, within sixty days after the 1st day of February, A. D. 1919, and defend the above entitled action in the above entitled court, and answer the complaint of the plaintiff, and serve a copy of your answer upon the undersigned attorney for plaintiff at his office below stated; and in case of your failure so to do, judgment will be rendered against you according to the demand of the complaint, which has been filed with the Clerk of said court. The object of the said action and the relief sought to be obtained therein is fully set forth in said complaint, and is briefly stated as follows: To partition the following described real property: The East Forty-five (E. 45) feet of Lots Eighteen (18), Nineteen (19) and Twenty (20) in Block Thirteen (13) of Front Street Cable Addition to the City of Seattle, King County, Washington. ANDREW J. BALLIET, Attorney for Plaintiff. P. O. Address: 320 Railway Exchange Bldg., Seattle, County of King, Washington. First publication Feb. 1, 1919. MASS MEETING Monday, April 28th, 1919 at Greyerbiehl's Hall The Seattle Branch of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People will hold the above meeting to determine whether a delegate will be sent to the Tenth Anniversary of the Parent Body and to transact other important business. S. H. STONE, President, ARTHUR WILLIAMS, Secretary