The Advocate

THE ADVOCACY WE CHEERFULLY PUBLISH ALL CRISP NEWS NOTES FROM ALL SECTIONS. VOLUME XI. Veterans of Color CONSPICUOUS IN THE IMPOSING PARADE OF OLD UNION SOLDIERS. Douglass Monument Scene of Exercises Held in Memory of Anti-Slavery Leader, and Program is Rendered at Church. Rochester, N. Y., Aug. 29—The annual encampment of the Grand Army of the Republic always draws thousands upon thousands of visitors to witness the week's celebrations and to review year by year the fragment of the once great army which responded to the call of President Lincoln. It is estimated that fully five hundred Negroes including the colored veterans, their families and friends were in attendance. Each year as this remarkable host dwindles in numbers the enthusiasm correspondingly rises, and to many who witnessed that last memorable 45th annual parade it was a spectacle the like of which will never be witnessed again, for all that remains of that grand army is rapidly passing away and soon nothing but the memories of the last few parades, the memories of the brave deeds and heroic soldiers will be read only in the history of our Republic. No history of any Grand Army meeting could be replete without the history of the Negro soldier and his part in that grand host. The Trooping of Color. The program from start to finish was filled with interest. The beginning of the ceremonies was the "trooping of colors." Two hundred standard-bearers, carrying the lattered old flags, matched into the great convention hall and went through the ceremony, first dipping the colors in honor of their commander-in-chief, then in honor of the veterans of the G. A. R. The colors were then stacked at the rear of the stage. Gov. John A. Dix then gave the address of welcome, speaking in highest terms of the G. A. R. The most interesting ceremonies, pertaining to the race was held at the monument of Frederick Douglass, near the New York Central Station. Miss Celesta Washington, of New Orleans placed upon the monument a wreath, the gift of colored veterans of Mississippi and Louisiana. Historic A. M. E. Zion Church, Favor street, kept open house and was the headquarters for the colored veterans and ladies of the G. A. R. This church was organized in 1827. Here in 1849 the "North Star" was edited by Frederick Douglass. There in 1850 John Brown made one of his famous speeches. Here was one of the stations of the "underground" railroad, and here Harriet Tubman, the great liberator, conducted many slaves on the road to freedom. Souvenirs of Frederick Douglass Sold the pastor, Rev. J. W. Brown, is a type of one of the wide-awake, progressive ministers, keeping in touch with the spirit of the times and the needs of his people. Much in evidence were G. A. R. badges,Douglass monument souvenirs, post cards and photos of Frederick Douglass. The Douglass monument souvenir gave a complete history of the great memorial to the late Frederick Douglass and interesting incidents in his life. The greatest feature of the encampment was the grand parade. It is estimated that fully 25,000 veterans were in line. There were 89 "Negro boys" in line, and nearly every department carried a few. They came by twos and threes and fours, until the Department of the Potomac swung past with twenty-one men in line, led by the son of Frederick Douglass, Maj. Charles Douglass, who looked the picture of his illustrious father, with pure white hair, his shoulders erect, walking every inch a soldier, amids enthusiastic cheers and applause. Thirty-Four Negro Veterans March. The next great number of Negro soldiers were the Departments of Louisiana and Mississippi with thirty-four men in line, headed by that grand old man, Col. James Lewis, and Comrade James H. Wolff. Each carried a long sugar cane stalk, tipped with a branch of cotton in full bloom. Tattered and torn flags, bent forms and tottering steps tell better than words the story of '61-'65; and on they went past the reviewing stand occupied by President Taft. TWO 'COLORED SISTERHOODS. There are two Colored Sisterhoods in the United States, namely, the Oblates of providence, founded in 1829, whose Mother House is in Baltimore, Md., and the Sisters of the Holy Family, founded in 1842, whose Mother House is in New Orleans, La. THE Walters Preaches on Manhood Rights Says Battle Will Not be Won by a Surrender at Any Point But by a Constant Struggle. Baltimore, Md., Sept. 6.—The main auditorium of the Pennsylvania Avenue A. M. E. Zion church was opened to the public Sunday after having been renovated throughout. Bishop Alexander Walters of New "If we are to regain our civil rights," said the Bishop, "we must insist more on our social rights. This battle is not to be won by a surrender at any point, but by a constant struggle. Progress must be slow, but I can assure you if it is fought along intelligent and manly lines the gains will be substantial." Judge Robert H. Terrell, Hon. J. C. Daney and Rev. S. L. Corrothers were among those on the list of speakers in the afternoon. The pastor, Rev. E. D. W. Jones preached at night. RACE JOURNAL It is Rumored Will be Started in New Jersey by Old News-paper Man. Providence, R. L., September, 6.—John C. Minkins, for many years city editor of the Daily News, it is said on reliable authority, will shortly launch a race journal. Mr. Minkins has been a resident here for nearly 20 years and was at first city editor on the Evening Telegram. He has received offers of assistance from leading whites. Mr. Minkins is a native of Norfolk, Va. At one time he was city editor of the Pawtucket (R. I.) Times. He is a special correspondent for a number of New England dailies. Dynamite Cast At Negro's Door By White Men Caused a Race Riot in Oklahoma Town, Citizens Being Angered Over Killing of White Farmer. Dprant, Okla., September 3.—In a battle between Negroes and masked white men at the home of a Negro named Daniels, about a mile south of Caddo, Okla., to-day, Horace Gribble, a white farmer, was shot through the heart and killed. Wild excitement prevails in Caddo and another clash is feared. The white citizens are greatly angered over the killing and rumors of retaliation are rife. The trouble was first reported to officers in Caddo shortly after midnight by four white men, who stated they had been fired upon while passing the Daniel's home, and that one of their number had been killed. Officers found Gibble's body lying in the road, about 50 yards from the Negro's home. His face was masked and his right hand clutched a revolver. Near the house the officers found a stick of dynamite with the fuse partly burned. The Negroes say one of their number, who was sleeping in the yard, was aroused by the white men, who threw the dynamite at the house and commenced firing into the hut. The three Negroes fled to shelter behind the house and returned the fire. They were arrested and brought to Durant by Sheriff Hamilton. The encounter was the outgrowth of race trouble, which has kept this county in turmoil for the past four weeks. UNION WINS FIGHT Florida White Labor Union Secures Re-employment of Discharged Colored Workmen. Key West, Fla., August 23—The carpenter's labor union of this city ordered a strike here several days ago because of the discharge of two colored workmen. The difficulty, on the agreement of both the builders and the labor union, was submitted to a board of arbitration, which decided in favor of the labor union for the most and recommended the re-employment of the colored workmen. The board was: N. Recio, O. G. G. Urba, George Brooks and Rev. A. B. Friend, all prominent citizens of Key West. As a result of the strike, the white and colored laborers are on much better terms in Key West. U. S. COMMISSIONER ARRESTED. O. R. Fowler of Durant Wrote Article on Recent Lynching and Was Arrested. Duran, Okla., Aug. 29—United States Commissioner O. R. Fowler was today arrested for contempt of court following the publication of a newspaper of Judge Ferguson in seeking the indictment of persons implicated in the recent anti-negro demonstrations culminating in the burning of Peter Carter, a Negro. A number of local attorneys have volunteered to defend Fowler. Progress Reported Progress Reported BY PYTHIAN SUPREME LODGE OFFICERS, EASTERN AND WESTERN HEMISPHERES. Substantial Gain In Financial and Numerical Strength Since Meeting Two Years Ago.—Hawkins Slated to Succeed Himself as Supreme Chancellor and Will Carry his Cabinet to Victory. Asbury Park, N. J., Sept. 6.—The twelfth biennial session of the Supreme Lodge of Knights of Pythlasa. Eastern and Western Hemispheres, is being held here this week at Marrow's Hall. Following formal welcome services Monday morning, a parade of the uniform rank was held. D. M. Pappy, of St. Augustine, Fla., was brigadier general, and J. B. Loving, of Los Angeles, Cal., was adjutant general. A competitive drill of the uniform rank took place at night. The reports of the Supreme Chancellor, W. Ashbie Hawkins, of Baltimore, the supreme keeper of records and seal, William E. Grandison, of Cambridge, Mass., and the supreme master of exchequer, William A. Heartmann, of Providence, showed that the order had gained largely in financial and numerical strength since the last session in New York City. The reports of Mrs. Hettie Nix, of Kansas City, Kan., the supreme worthy counsellor, of the Courts of Calanthe and other officials indicated that the women members of the order are in prosperous condition. Richard E. Clark, of New York, and others delivered addresses at the joint memorial services. The indications are that W. Ashbie Hawkins will be re-elected supreme chancellor and that Messrs. Grandison and Heartman will be returned to their respective positions. Mrs. Nix will probably again head the women's auxiliary. Mrs. Cornelia S. Smith, of Baltimore, Md., will be re-elected grand secretary. The banquet in honor of the visiting delegates to-night was largely attended. The entertainment of the session is in the hands of a committee, headed by Rev. William Wallace, grand chancellor for New Jersey. The sessions will end Friday night with a public installation of the newly-elected officers. Democrats Split by Gorman's Nomination Charge of Fraud is Made by Lee Forces Which May Desert the Ticket in November Election. Baltimore, Md., Sept. 6—With the meeting of the Republican State Convention tomorrow the most important campaign that the Republicans have waged since 1895, when they elected the late Lloyd Lowndes as Governor, will be started. The Democrats are not in a happy frame of mind since the recent primary, when Arthur Pue Gorman, the son of his father, won out by a majority of one in the State Convention and a popular majority of 12,000. The Lee forces are charging the Gorman chorots with fraud and it is the current belief that there will be slashing at the polls in November. Coupled with this is the announcement that Thomas F. McNulty was probably defeated for the sheriff's nomination by fraud. McNulty is one of the most popular Democrats in the city. The Republican platform will hit at the unfair Wilson Ballot laws, Democratic extravagance in State affairs, at attempts at disfranchisement and will plead for a progressive State policy. Col. Charles Stewart, the traveling newspaper correspondent, blew into town Saturday. He went around shaking hands and found time on Sunday to deliver an address at one of the local churches. The Colonel will be in Pittsburg next week, where he will have charge of the press service of the National Baptist Convention. William Lewis, one of the best known Elks in the country, is confined to his home, 1319 Argyle avenue with an attack of lumbago. He is one of the men who organized the Grand Lodge of Elks, and was for a number of years an officer therein. The A. M. E. and the Baptist Ministerial Meetings will resume their weekly meetings next week. Revs. A. B. Callis and William M. Alexander have returned from Wilmington, N. C., where they attended the annual session of the Lott Carey Baptist Convention. A colored music festival held at Atlanta recently was very successful. The leading soprano was Madam Anita P. Brown, of Chicago. Chief Griffin Sued For Searching House Jones Rescents Invasion of His Home by Officers in Search of Absconding Cashier of True Reformers Bank. Richmond, Va., Sept. 5.—Walter R. Griffin, who was elected grand master of the Grand Fountain of the True Reformers a fortnight ago, is buckling down to labor with an energy that forbodes a good future for the Order. He is hustling trying to get the order back to its old moorings and has the hearty co-operation of the newly-elected officiels and the membership of the Order. The State Insurance Commissioner, Joseph Button, agreed to a proposition that each financial member be assessed one cont every time a death occurs. The Grand Fountain also adopted a resolution to take over and pay the $300,000 that the Order owes, providing the receivers are discharged. The balance in the treasury of the Order has increased to $30,000 and as an evidence that the present officials have unbounded faith in properly conducted race enterprises, the Merchants Savings Bank, of which John Mitchell, editor of the Planet, is president, has been selected as one of the depositories. Grand Master Griffin and Deputy Master Floyd Ross have been sued for $10,000 by Dr. R. E. Jones. The suit grows out of the searching of Dr. Jones' home by detectives who were looking for R. H. Hill, the absconding former treasurer of the Order. Grand Master Griffin will have to appoint a successor to Floyd Ross, former chief of the St. Louis Division, and a new man to look after the work in the District of Columbia. The new regime is now planning for a series of mass meetings to be held in different sections of the country at which the general public will be made acquainted with the intentions of the present management. James L. Mitchell, who was elected editor of the Reformer, the official organ of the Order, is in a hot frame of mind because the Grand Fountain refused to confirm the action of the board of directors and a suit may result. The case against the indicted officials may be tried next month. There is some talk of reconvening the special Grand Jury so that a further investigation may be made. Arter Declines Principalship Thinks he can Render Better Service to the Race by Building up Christian Institution. Hill Top, September 6.—In a letter to the board of education of Fayetteville district, this county, Rev. J. M. Arter, president of the West Va. Industrial School Seminary and College, has declined the principalship of the local district high school, to which he was recently elected. He gives as his reason his belief that he can be of greater service for good if he directs his efforts toward building up the christian institution. The letter reads: To The Board of Education of the Fayetteville District, McDonald, W. Va. Gentlemen: I wish to express to you my sincere thanks for the confidence imposed and the honor conferred upon me by you, in electing me as principle of the Fayetteville District High School, Hill Top, W. Va., for the year 1911-12. I can assure you I entertain the highest appreciation of your action. But as the Trustee Board of the West Va. Seminary and College, in their meeting at Wiona, W. Va. have requested me to resign the aforesaid position to push the work of the Seminary, and as the life of the Seminary is essential to the Hifa of the High School, and as I feel confident that I can better serve the children and youth of my race, the community and my race as a whole, my State and country, my denomination and my God, by earnest and untiring efforts to establish a Christian Institution at Hill Top than in any other way. I therefore feel called upon and do hereby most respectfully offer to you my resignation from the principalship of the Hill Top High School to devote my time wholly for, the present, to building up the West Va. Industrial School and Seminary. Further, thanking you for the cordial and liberal support given the public and High School work, at Hill Top, during the three years of my administration and trusting that I may continue to have your good will, confidence and encouragement, I am, The Mosaic Templar's Grand Lodge has held a large meeting in Little Rock, Ark. The order is about to erect a four-story building as headquarters, at a cost of $400,000. Colored Regiment OF THE ILLINOIS NATIONAL GUARD IS PAID AN UNUSUAL COMPLIMENT. Adjutant General Acts as Adjutant of the Regiment During Maneuvers, and Band Concerts Draw Large Crowds. Springfield, Ill., Sept, 1—The officers of the Eighth Infantry, now at Camp Lincoln, are clated over the unusual compliment paid the colored troops at dress parade last evening, when Adjutant General Dickson, after declining an invitation to review the parade participated in the maneuvers as regimental adjutant. General Dickson formerly held the position of adjutant of the Fourth Infantry, and last night's maneuvers indicated that his busy career as adjutant general had not caused him to forget any of the duties of the field officer. UNUSUAL COMPLIMENT. It was the first time in the history that an Illinois National Guard regiment had been similarly honored and Colonel Marshall and his men are delighted over the incident. This afternoon the entire regiment appeared on the parade ground from 1:30 to 3:30 o'clock, where instruction was given in the music drill according to the Butts manual. Anticipating this feature, an immense audience had gathered to witness the exercises. The rapidity with which the downstate companies are displaying proficiency was evidenced this morning when the setting up exercises at Reville were performed according to the new manual. Officers of the regiment are highly pleased with the work of the black soldiers on the rifle range and anticipate a high score for the entire regiment. Only the companies outside of Chicago are to shoot on the local range. Companies L of Jacksonville and I of Peoria spent today in rifle practice. The daily parades at 6:30 o'clock in the evening attract many visitors to the camp grounds, while the concerts by the Eighth Infantry band of Chicago at 8 o'clock every evening also please large audience. Assistance Asked For Hill Top School Assistance Asked For Hill Top School $12,000 Wanted to Finish and Furnish Building and Pay off Entire Indebtedness on Institution. To the Churches, Sunday Schools, Woman's Missionary Societies, The Woman's Improvement Leagues, and to other organizations and friends of Educational and Human progress—to you we appeal with all the earnestness and energy we can summon, to awake from your lethargy and heed the call of the needs of your race, State and nation and of your denomination and leaders. Your child, the West Va. Seminary and College, for the time being is wholly depend-net upon you for support. Remember you are making history. Without responsibility no individual denomination or race can become truly great and useful. You are asked to shoulder your responsibilities and quit yourselves as men. The financial agent requests the fullest cooperation of the brethren. No one man can carry this work. It requires the united interest, energies and efforts of all our forces. Please arrange with the financial agent for Seminary rallies at such times as you know will be most suitable to end in success. The first great over-state rally for the Seminary is appointed for the fifth Sunday in October. There should be at this time a united effort to raise for education every dollar possible. Every dollar of the money raised at this rally should be sent in at once to the secretary of the Trustee Board, Rev. H. C. Gregory. We must do some further work on the building and there are some debts that must be paid. A banner this year will be given the church or society that sends in most money during the year. JARED M. ARTER, Gen. Financial Agent. Mr. Harry H. Pace was elected Grand Exalted Ruler of the Elks at their Boston meeting. Mr. Pace is cashier of the Citizen's Bank, Memphis, Tenn. The colored Odd Fellows of Georgia are planning to erect a $100,000 building. Hosts Greet Golf · Arriving in Gotham To Demand That he Lead West Virginia G. O. P. to Victory as Candidate for Some Big Office. New York, September 2.—Nathan Goff, of West Virginia, soldier in the Civil War, lawyer for the state, member of Congress, member of the Cairn inet and Judge of the United States Court of Appeals—such is the official record to which could be added Republican leader—is a worthy citizen who came to the Waldorf from Europe this week. Judge Goff hardly put his name on the book before greetings were many from admiring friends. That was pleasing to the Judge, but there was a quick corrugation of his judicial brow when he was told that during his trip across the sea some friends in West Virginia have been putting forward again that he leave the bench to be Governor or Senator, or anything good and great that will put the party right again after last year's defeat. Only three years ago Judge Goff was begged to be the candidate for Governor when two Republicans were nominated by rival factions and were compelled to withdraw. Judge Goff declined then, and with all proper appreciation of the new demand he indicates no desire to change his attitude of 1908. Along with the urgent demand that he leave a life place on the Federal bench to be Governor and leader is another carefully put suggestion that the Senate might suit him best, and the cautious citizens who talk Senate for Judge Goff skillfully add that his many terms in the lower branch of Congress fit him for the higher chamber. Then came the almost plaintive plea—an insinulation in fact even if a plea in form—that the new and hitherto unknown tactics and deep laid designs of Senator Clarence Wayland Watson, the new Democratic leader in West Virginia, demand just such a candidate as Judge Goff to avert another Republican defeat next year. It must be admitted that Judge Goff is just that good a soldier and loyal Republican that he pondered properly the proposition put forth by Republican admirers that Watson was a new and crafty style of Democrat, who would demand a fee of the Goff girth and general equipment, oratorical, financial and moral. During Judge Goff's stay in New York, before taking up his Federal Court duties at Richmond he heard much to make him proud of being a West Virginia Republican, but he gave no sign that he would respond for actual honors in the field. Couple Estranged By Color Reunited Husband Who Discovered His Wife Was a. Colored Woman Withdraws His Suit for a Separation. St. Louis, Aug. 29—John C. Higdon, attorney for Cora Clamorgan Collins, whose husband, John Collins, sion of an old family sued to annual their marriage on the ground she has Negro blood in her veins, said today the young couple will become reconciled and Collins will drop the suit. Tonight Higdon received a letter from the father of Mrs. Collins saying all but formalities of dropping the suit had been complied with. Young Collins' suit for the annulment of his marriage was filed through his father. Collins declared in his petition he did not know his wife was of Negro blood until a few days before the filing of the suit. He immediately left his home, he asserted, and went to live with his father. At that time their baby girl was six weeks old. APPEAL TO SUNDAY SCHOOLS. Dear Sunday Schools: In Obedience to the command of our Lord and master, our Sunday School Convention is still endeavoring to spread the name of Jesus Christ throughout our State and on foreign fields. We are often hindered from doing what we might do for the want of money. In looking forward to raising the required amount an appeal was sent out on July 15th asking that a missionary rally be conducted on the Second Sunday in August. We are thankful to say that many of our schools have responded with increased donations. Still, there are some schools that have not as yet remembered us. All such schools are kindly asked to take up this matter at once and send us a liberal contribution. Whatever you give will be thankfully received. Yours for the uplift of mankind. J. J. TURNER. Superintendent of Missions. Box 4, Mt. Carbon, W. Va. The Texas State Federation of Colored Women's Club has met at Austin, Texas. They are seeking to establish a colored reformatory, and a well-to-do colored man has offered five acres of land near Houston for this purpose. THE ADVOCATM ADVERTISEMENTS PLACED IN OUR COLUMNS BEING SULTS. TRY IT. NUMBER II National Convention WILL HAVE DR. C. T. WALKER TO PREACH OPENING SERMON Taft on 2nd Day And Booker T. Washington on Friday are Some of the Features of the Great Gathering of Church Workers. Pittsburg, Pa., Sept. 2—The special speaker selected by the local committee for Tuesday night, September 12 is Dr. Chas. T. Walker, of Augusta, Ga. Dr. Walker needs no introduction to Pittsburg. Dr. Walker has traveled extensively in Europe and Palestine. He is the intimate friend of Dr. Robert S. MacArthur of New York. President of the Baptist World Alliance and of John D. Rockefeller. Mr. Rockefeller said upon his occasion that he would rather meet Walker preach than any living preacher. Get to Luna Park early on September 12. President Taft to be a Visitor. Rev. Dr. William Stanton (white), pastor of the Shady Side Baptical Church, will be on the platform with President Taft on Wednesday and will welcome the Colored Baptists to Pittsburg in behalf of the white Baptists. Mayor to Provide Protection. The local committee has arranged with the Mayor of Pittsburg to give the visitors to Pittsburg special police protection at the various railroad stations. Unworthy persons soliciting for unworthy places, have planned to visit trains and decoy the delegates. The committee is issuing to the Depot Committee badges which will indicate their authority to direct all persons to Luna Park where they will be assigned to homes. Persons soliciting delegates without these badges are liable to arrest. Delegates must be protected and the fair name of Pittsburg maintained. The Local Entertainment Committee will complete its furnishings of its headquarters at Luna Park on Monday September 11, and all delegates will go directly to the park to be assigned. White Ministers Protest in Vain. A very amusing incident happened in connection with the entertaining of the N. B. C. a few days ago. In a certain aristocratic section of Pittsburgh some difference arose between white neighbors and the owner of a palatial residence thrust upon the said community the undesirable presence of a few persons, who resemble all other self respecting citizens, except that they are colored. The white ministers of said section sent a petition to the owner of said palatial residence, requesting their removal but the owner gently reminded them that they as ministers were being paid big salaries to preach second class gospel; that the property belonged ostensibly to him, and furthermore that he intended not only to keep these people there, but to build some homes on his adjoining vacant ground for people of the same race. The result has been that these persons looked up Dr. C. D. Patterson and Dr. Messsr and added 50 more stopping places to the long list. The appointments of this home are superb and some weary limbs will rest where they would not have rested had this incident not occured. LEWIS WILL STOCK Colored Men to Retain Membership In Bar Association. Boston, August 31.—William H. Lewis, the assistant attorney general of the United States, declared tonight that he would not resign his membership in the American Bar Association, to which he was elected Tuesday, notwithstanding certain southern members of the society today expressed themselves strongly against the admission of the Boston colored man to membership. There is no bar to the admission of colored members, but attorney Lewis is the first of his race to be so honored. Lewis' name went in with others submitted by the Massachusetts Bar Association and the southern members said to-day they did not know he was colored until he appeared in the convention hall to-day. NEGRO CITY PLANNED. Nashville, Tenn. Aug. 29—A Negro city has been planned for Hortense Dickson county. Monday a meeting will be held there and option held on 1.35 acres taken up. The United Helping Society of Tennessee is back of the project having already built a number of houses for colored people at Antioch. All available land there has been used. A Hortense an agricultural and industrial school has been projected and a widow's and orphans' home. PAGE 100 CORRESPONDENCE RONCEVERTE. Rev. Moore, of Frankford, and Rev. McClain, of Williamsburg, were visitors here last week. Miss Sadie Ward, who has been the guest of Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Perkins, returned to her home at Montgomery, Monday. H. T. Moore, returned home from State Council of Red Men last Friday and reports that it the best session since the order was organized. Mrs. Rosa Cochran visited Hot Springs Sunday. Miss Willie Stribling and Mrs. Ann Reavely, who have been visiting their mother, Mrs. Kate Eldrige, returned to Charleston last week. Clarence Early, who has been sick for the past week, is able to be out again. Arthur Trice, Austin Crawford, Angris Hopkins and others of Alderson came up to attend the picnic at Caldwell Thursday. Chas. Smith, of Huntington, was a visitor here Monday. Ernest Muller left last Wednesday to attend school in N. C. Alex Eggleston has gone to Longacre to spend a few weeks with relatives. Rev. Reed filled his usual appointment at M. E. church Sunday. The First Baptist church has recently been remodeled, painted, equipped with a pool, choir stand, vestibule, a pastor's room and will be rededicated on the second Sunday. Miss Fanny Hill, who has been visit ing Ronceverte for the last few months, has returned home to Clifton Forge. Rev W. D. Scott, of Clifton Forge, was in town this week and called at the residence of Rev R. J. Terrell, pastor of the Baptist church. Rev R. D. W. Meadows and Prof A. P. Straughter were visitors in town this week. Rev Robert J. Terrell rode to Brushy Ridge through a hard rain Wednesday night of last week and united in marriage Mr. Ison Gilbreath and Miss Josie Mannel. Albert Slaughter, of Marlinton, is a visitor in Ronceverte this week. FAIRMONT Charles Florence, teacher at Grafton, attended the Teachers Institute here last week. Wm. O. Armstrong, of Boston, and Miss Florence Cobb, of Columbus, arrived here Sunday 28th, to attend the Institute. Mr. Armstrong and Miss Cobb will be the teachers here this year again. Doan Jones is spending some time with his Aunt, Mrs. Julia Jones. E. L. Morton arrived Monday 29, from Indianapolis, Ind., where he attended the Supreme K. of P. Lodge. He reports a most enjoyable trip. M. T. Obie is visiting in Clarksville. Howard and Oliver Meade returned Wednesday from Parkersburg where they spent a few days after their return from Indiana where they were members of the Parkersburg band. Miss Frances Morton, of Pomeroy, spent Sunday here the guest of her brother, E. L. Morton, and family enroute to her school at Morgantown. Little George E. Morton was quite sick last week, but is much improved at this writing. Little Virginia Washington has been ill with tonsillitis. Miss Lena Jackson has been suffering much pain from a boil on her arm. The new Trinity M. E. church is rapidly nearing completion and every one is very much pleased. Arch Meade has moved his family from Spence street to Chicago street, where he has purchased property. Chas. Williams spent a few days with his wife who is visiting relatives at Oakland. Miss Sadie Chamberlain returned Saturday after spending the past two months in Baltimore. The little daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Davis is improving from a severe attack of typhoid fever. The Meade Wonders and Grafton team crossed bats at South Side ball park Monday. Score 3 to 0 in favor of Grafton. Miss Lomax, teacher at Monongah attended Institute here last week W. D. Scott was called to Pittsburgh by he serious illness of his sister. Rev. Jennings, of Grafton preached two able sermons here Sunday in the absence of District Superintendent Rev. Curry. Miss Mary Jones is spending some time with friends in Clarksburg and Bridgeport. CLARKSBURG Mt. Zion Baptist Church is having a revival conducted by the pastor, Rev. W. T. Kenney, assisted by Mrs. Coleman, of Ohio. Much interest is being manifested. Edward Manley left Monday for his home in Pittsburgh. Mr. Graham, of Washington, D. C., passed through last week enroute to Wheeling where he expects to practice law. While here Mr. Graham was the guest of Attorney T. L. Higgins. Miss Nellie Peyton has returned after a three month's visit with relatives and friends in Cambridge O. Mrs. Annie Meade and Mrs. Cain were guests of Fairmont friends last week. Miss Mary Brent entertained Monday afternoon at her home on Ben St. After refreshments were served the afternoon was spent in playing croquet. The Moonlight Club gave a ball at Smith's Garden Monday afternoon and night. 'Twas indeed a merry party that joined in the "Trip around the World" Monday night under the auspices of the "Will Try Club" of the A. M. E. Church. The affair was a success from every view-point. Queen Esther Aid Society of Trinity M. E. church will hold its annual picnic Thursday at Union Park. Dr. Youngue, of Pittsburg, is in the city the guest of his cousin, Dr. E. L. Youngue. Mrs. Lutie Tuck entertained a number of friends at her hospitable home Monday evening. Mrs. W. T. Kenney is expected home this week from Chase City, Va., where she was called on account of the serious illness and subsequent death of her father. Miss Emma Thomas is able to be out again after being injured by a fall. On Sunday was held the final quarterly meeting at Pride A. M. E. church. Two excellent sermons were preached by Presiding Elder Thomas. The pastor spoke in the afternoon. Trinity M. C. Choir sang and the pastor, Rev. Jenkins preached at M. Zion Baptist church Sunday afternoon, the occasion being the second anniversary of Rev. Kenney's pastor. D. H. Kyle has returned from the southern part of the state, where he spent the summer. Clarksville schools will open Monday, Sept. 11th. One new teacher in the person of Miss Hanna Meade has been added, and the outlook for a large attendance and prosperous year is bright. MONTGOMERY. Rev. I. V. Bryant, of Huntington, was a business visitor here Monday. Rev. E. C. Page is having much success with revival services at Donwood. Mrs. H. H. Railey returned Saturday from Atlantic City, Washington, and other points east. Mrs. William Brown left Monday for Mt. Clemmons, Michigan for treatment. Miss Lolo M. Lavender left Monday for Elkhorn to resume her duties in the school-room. Mrs. E. C. Page spent Monday in Charleston. Mrs. M. A. W. Thompson, of Red Star, was the guest of Mrs. Carrie W. Watson last week. Mrs. H. H Railey opened school at Smithers Tuesday. Dr. B. F. White, of Huntington, was here on business Friday. Simmons Graded School will open Monday the 18th, with principal H. H. Railey, assistants Rev. D. C. Deans Misses H. M. Jones, Etta Hall and Mrs. E. C. Page. Mrs. George Brown and daughter, Miss Katherine, have returned from a visit to relatives in Lynchburg, Va. Mrs. Henry Brown visited head daughter, Mrs. Jas. Ellis, at Fire Creek last week. Mrs. Lulu Calloway and children, of Mt. Hope, are here the guests of relatives. Mr. Samuel Buster, who has been sick at the home of his daughter, Mrs. George Jackson, is now better. Rev. A. D. Lockette, of Brown was a business visitor here Tuesday. Frank Willis, of Fayetteville, was here Saturday. MT. CARBON M. H. Hill is indisposed. J. V. Coleman was in Montgothery Saturday on business. The Central Baptist Sunday School of Eagle gave their annual picnic in the park on Armstrong Creek, Saturday. The cloths were spread on the green and every passer bq was allowed to satisfy his appetite from the elaborate supplies prepared by the good people of Eagle. Rev. S. E. Williams is in Ohio on business. Mrs. J. J. Turner is spending a few days with her parents at Lewis- burg. Rev. J. J. Turner is spending a few days on Winding Gulf. Charleston Hazlewood, III.—The condition of J. M. Hazlewood was a matter of deep concern to his family and friends, the first of the week. Resulting from the attack of pneumonia which he suffered in June, Mr. Hazlewood has been troubled more or less with his heart, the affection becoming acute Tuesday, when gravy fears were entertained for his recovery. Since then there has been marked improvement and he is thought to be out of danger. Men's Day at Simpson.—Men's day will be celebrated at Simpson M. E. church, Sunday, with appropriate exercise. The feature of the morning services will be a sermon by the Rev. John W. Carroll of Parkersburg. At 8:00 P. M. Hon, Stuart F. Reed, Secretary of State, and Prof. S. H. Guss, of the West Virginia Col- associate, will deliver addresses. Emancipation Celebration. -Bills are out announcing a Home Coming and Emancipation Celebration at Edgewood Park Sept. 22nd, under the auspices of Kanawha Lodge No. 139, Colored Elks. Hon. Robert H. Terrell, of Washington, D. C., who has the distinction of being the only Negro, federal judge in the country, will deliver the emancipation address. Others on the program are Philip Waters, assistant Clerk of the W. Va. Supreme Court of Appeals, and T. G. Nutter, grand esteemed leading knight, both of this city. St. Paul Church Notes.—Sunday 11 A. M. a Platform Meeting will be held at St. Paul A. M. E. church, Rev. R. R. Downs, pastor. The occasion is the Educational Anniversary of Wilberforce University of the A. M. E. church. Besides other numbers an address will be delivered by J. C. Ellis, M. D., also a solo by Miss Nina Clinton. At 8:00 P. M. will be another program of a Platform Meeting and an address by J. W. Chappelle, attorney; other number of the program at both meetings will be under the direction of Mrs. Annie DeHonney. The Ladies Aid will meet Friday night at the church. All reported the Wilberforce cards and money collected with one exception, leaving Mrs. Maggie Barnes still to turn in her card. It was hoped to raise the amount of money assessed this charge for education. Hotel Brown Arrivals.—At the brown this week were registered: Louls Bibb, John Fountain, Pembroke; Mr. and Mrs. F. oung.Dorothy; H. Carter. T. W. Williams, F. Saunders, Thurmond; H. D. Auston, Ward; Mrs. Georgia Burns, Miss Maggie Burns. Montgomery; Mrs. M. Miller, Miss Anna Miller, Fisherville; B. Fulks, Ivanhoe; Mr. and Mrs. A. Lewis Dorothy; J. E. Washington, Hugheston; Edward Hucklein, Dorothy; Thomas Thurman, Cabin Creek; Miss M. J. White, Cincinnati, O.; W. A. Ward Ronceverte; Mrs. Nancy Tinsley, Carbon; Chas. James, Bramwell; John Savage, Carbon; Miss Annie Wilson, Raymond City; Mrs. Victoria Harrison, Flemingsburg, Ky.; J. H. King, Cedar Grpve; Albert Smith Roanoke, Va.; John Hardy, Charlottesville, Va.; M. Beamer. Cedar Grove; B. Brown Minden; C. E. Wells, Parkersburg; H. Robinson, Raymond City; M. T. Obie, Clarksville; C. Colston, P. Johnson, Robert Johnson, A. McFeters, J. L. Lincoln, Pt. Pleasant; Mr. and Mrs. S. H. Porter, Terry; Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Dingess Cedar Grove; Thos. Rollins, Cannelin; J. H. Randolph, Raymond City; G. Wilson, St. Albans; Mrs. Jos. R. McKenzie and son, Richmond, Va.; Mrs. A. D. Sims, Glen White. Dr. Gamble Has Relapse.—News has been received in the city by relatives that Dr. H. F. Gamble, who was operated on at Dixie hospital, Norfolk, Va. a week ago, has suffered a relapse. His condition is reported to be not serious, but his return to the city will necessarily be delayed by this interruption to his recovery. Miss Whittaker Entertains.—Miss Alice Whittaker delightfully entertained, Wednesday evening of last week, at her residence on Centz St., in honor of her house guest. Miss Aleta Beech of fronton, O., and Miss Edith Merriweather, of Washington, D. C. The other recipients of her hospitality were: Misses Mary and Lucinda Williams Esther Fulks, Maude Viney, Hazel Lucas, Gertrude Campbell, Amelia Wilcher, Stella James Messrs, Charles Payne, Edward James, George Stuart, Samugl Jennings, Clarence Burks, James Carper and Cuzzens Wilcher. Mme. Hackley To Sing Here.—Negotiations are now being made for the appearance here Oct. 5th of Mme. E. Azalia Hackley, the prima dona. Mme. Hackley is including this state in the itinerary of her farewell tour, at the conclusion of which she will devote her time to musical instruction. Those who were fortunate enough to hear her vocal demonstration before the scholars of Garnett school, last spring, are unstinted in their praise of her work, and the indications are that a crowded house will greet her next appearance. Teachers Entertained.—A reception was tendered, Thursday evening of last week, to the teachers attending the Kanawha County Teachers' Institute. C. W. Boyd, principal of Garnett school, made the address of welcom, to which Miss Lola Lavender, of Montgomery, responded. Miss Annie Simpson, of Hinton, and G. H. Beane, of this city, declaimed and Miss Mary Williams and G. L. Cuzzens sang solos. Refreshments were served to a large number of teachers and their friends at the conclusion of the program. Died in Virginia.—The report has reached this city of the death of Dave Miller at Natha, Va., last week. He was formerly connected with the baggage transfer business here and had a large circle of friends and acquaintances. Miss Mary Williams has gone to Kyle to teach. Mrs. Carter and daughter, of Gal- hipolis. O. returned to their home Tuesday after a pleasant visit here to Mrs. Lillian Starks. No improvement is reported in the condition of Mrs. Mollie Hammond, West Charleston, who has been ill a number of months. PERSONALS AND LOCALS Mrs. W. O. Terry expects to leave Saturday for Atlantic City to recuperate from the severe attack of typhoid fever which confined her to her bed the past four weeks. Mrs. Fanny Deltonney leaves today for Cincinnati on a business and pleasure trip. Miss Esther Fulks is in Cincinnati visiting friends. Born to Mr. and Mrs. H. Burks, Sentz St. a daughter. Miss Ola Mitchell has returned from a two weeks' visit to friends at Huntington. Mrs. Chas. Preston is ill at her home on Senta St. The little son of Mr., and Mrs. Ed. Tuck is ill with fever. R. C. Melver was confined to his room several days with tonsillitis. Rev. J. W. Carroll, Jr., of Parkersburg, is the guest of Rev. and Mrs. J. S. Carroll. Miss Helen Truxton, recently appointed to teach in the city schools, will arrive in the city Sunday from Baltimore, Md. The Willing Workers will meet with Mrs. Hale Watkins, this week. Thomas Reavos, of Claremont, was the guest of Mrs. R. B. Colbert, Sunday. Misses Alice Tuning and Virginia Rayford entertained a few friends with a porch party at the former's residence on Virginia St., Monday evening. Mrs. Malinda Foreman has returned to Charleston from Plymouth for permanent residence. C. O. Hill, of Handley, spent Monday here. The Cog City Business League will meet Thursday night of next week, at which time Pres. C. H. James expects a full attendance. James Wooding, of Winifrede, was in the city several days last week having his eyes treated. Miss Mary Eubank, who has been the guest of Miss Charlotte Campbell at Union, has returned to the city. Mrs. J. E. Brown left Tuesday to spend several weeks with relatives in Cincinnati, O. Mrs. Dora Nelson will go to Chester, S. C., Saturday, to spend the winter. Mrs. S. D. Cowser entertained at dinner, Wednesday, Mrs. Alex Henderson, of Boston. Mass. and Mrs. Otho Wright, of Clarksburg. Miss Bessie Taylor has recovered from an attack of typhoid fever and is able to be out. Problem to Face A FOUR-CORNERED COLORED LINE QUESTION HAS ARISEN IN SOUTH AFRICA. The question of immigration is rapidly becoming one of the most important in the South African union. It assumes this importance because it involves the controversies over education and language; the relations of the white and colored populations, the demand for unskilled labor, in fact most of the problems before the new government. While the introduction of settlers from Europe would go far toward disposing of some of the controversies, the readjustment, it is held, would be more favorable to British than Boer interests. For this reason the recent statement of Prime Minister Botha in London that South Africa needed immigrants of the type that laid the foundations of Canadian development was controverted by another member of the cabinet, General Hertzog a strongly conservative Boer leader, who declared that he could not see what good immigration would do the country. The shortage of unskilled labor, which was met in the urgent crisis of the reconstruction period by the importation of indentured Asiatic labor, is already recurring and will become more acute as development proceeds. To have remained dependent upon this labor would have been to help build up a colored nation instead of a white nation. The realization of this was what animated most of the opponents of Asiatic labor. They declared that they objected as much to Kaffir as to Chinese; they wanted to get rid of boss regulations and special measures which made control of the natives easy, in fact their purpose was to force employment of whites by making colored labor hard to get and difficult to manage. To have left the door open would have brought an Asiatic immigration that would have been a greater menace than the hordes of blacks, because the Asiatic are in many respects a superior race, and the mearness of South Africa makes it a natural outlet for the super fluous population. The colored labor of the country itself is becoming an uncertain quantity. The colored man, of whom there is a considerable number, especially in the Cape province, are, unlike the black natives, not contented with unskilled labor. They aspire to be artisans, and the threat of their competition with white artisans is considered with seriousness, for they are industrious and sometimes extremely capable. While the colored man is thus slowly but surely entering the field of skilled labor, the white man, the "poor white", owing to his contempt of unskilled labor is becoming unfit for any labor. "The poor white" is the product of the condition of South Africa. The preponderance of the native laborer has led the white man to refuse to do work which in other countries is the natural province of the white laborer. This does not, however, preclude the presence in South Africa of a large class only fit for unskilled labor. The climate is friendly, and the "poor white" lives without any visible means of support. "He becomes incapable of exertion," says a recent writer; "the descends rapidly to a condition of almost animal degradation; his numerous children run wild in the woods; the evils of his existence multiply with his own appalling fertility." Instead of being any value in solving the problem of labor he is a burden to the country. Stress has been laid upon this fact by the opponents of immigration. They say that it supports the tradition that in Africa manual labor is unfit for the white man. But with the Asiatics barred, the white laborer unfit for work, and the colored laborer abandoning unskilled labor, it has become imperative that some one be found to do the work. In his own strenghold, Natal, General Hertzog found that his statement in opposition to General Botha was unpopular. The enterprising people of that colony wanted settlers. So he recanted and now says that he desires the introduction of the "proper class of immigrants." From the very exigencies of the case we immigration under prescribed method of selection will be the outcome of the present controversy. And it seems evident that some of the most serious social problems of the new country will be in the way of solution if South Africa can attract immigrants who will bring with them a determination to maintain the dignity of manual labor and will live up to this determination.—The Sun. Schools Open Wednesday Sept.13 Principal Urges Patrons to Take Advantage of Exceptional Educational Facilities Offered Children. Patrons of Garnett, Washington and Island Schools spare neither money time nor patience when it comes to the education of your child. You are the most potent of all factors in its education, without your aid and cooperation the child and the teacher can do little. The city Superintendent and the Board of Education have done their duty in supplying you with commodious buildings, necessary apparatus and efficient teachers. It is your duty now to put the child in school on the very first day and keep it there each day during the term. We believe that you should be proud of your schools for the reason that when ever any of our pupils have entered other schools they stand remarkably high and most of them are given a higher standing in the schools they enter than they occupied in their own schools. It is needless to say that our teachers are progressive when it is a fact that over fifty percent of them attend some summer school every year for their improvement, and the teachers generally are mazing great efforts to elevate their professional standing. A special effort will be made this year as was done last year to raise the standard so as to be sure that our pupils are in the first rank of the best in the state and a head if possible. Though the recommendation of the city Superintendent, the Board of Education gives us another new department to our school this year; that of Domestic Science. So the pupils will not only be instructed in books but will be trained in some of the most useful things of home life in a practical way. The School Authorities have made our High School the model colored High School in the state by giving us a separate high school building, the necessary apparatus and a sufficient number of teachers to do the work. But patrons you are to be commended also for you are given back to them each year some splendid young men and women who are graduating from this school who are able to secure and hold good positions and enter colleges with a high standing and who are proving efficient in what ever avocation they have chosen. Patrons we are sure that you are both proud and grateful for these things, that there will be no need for a truant officer to warn you about your boy being out of school. But when the day comes for school to open the very first day you will have him ready with money for his books and a hearty cooperation for the teachers. C. W. BOYD, Principal Garnett School. REDUCED RATES TO PITTSBURG ON ACCOUNT OF NATIONAL BAPTIST CONVENTION. The fare to Pittsburg, Pa., on account of the National Baptist Convention, September 13, 1911, by way of the C. & O. and the B. & O. Railways is one and one third (1 1-3) regular fare—being eleven dollars and sixty-five cents ($11.65) from Charleston for the round trip. Tickets will be on sale September 10 and 11. The General Passenger Agent of the B. & O. Railway has promised to attach a special coach for the benefit of delegates leaving Huntington at 5:40 p. m. the same day. If any delegate on the C. & O. Railway cannot secure a round-trip ticket from his station, he should require the agent to give him a certificate or receipt that he has paid first class fare one way to Pittsburgh by way of Huntington. TO START LAFOLLETTE BOOM Minneapolis, Minn., Sept. 6. Progressive Republicans of Minnesota are expected to assemble in force here tomorrow for the State meeting and banquet designed as a end-off for the LaFollette boom for President. Nearly all of the Republican governors, senators and representatives of this section of the country who have aligned themselves with the progressive wing of their party have been invited to attend the gathering and a number of them have accepted invitations to speak at the banquet. Beef, Veal, Mutton, Pork Fresh Pork Sausage OUR OWN MAKE. Try our machine sliced Hams and Bacon OYSTERS, FISH, POULTRY The best qualities in all the popular kinds of Cheese We want your patronage for we have complete stock in our lines and you can get it when you want more. TAILOR WANTED. A man to work in tailor shop, one who has had some experience in the business. For further information write to N. B. Brockman, merchant tailor. Mt. Hope, W. Va. S-31-4t. Wanted The Advocate has a splendid opening for a first class carriage smith. He must be "right", sober and industrious. Married man interested in acquiring a home preferred. A life time job for a good man of ability. Address all communications to this office. Miss Fannie C. J. Cobb, who has been conducting the summer institute at Bluefield, is expected in the city Sunday. ATTACK LIKE TIGERS In fighting to keep the blood pure the white corpuscles attack disease germs like tigers. But often germs multiply so fast the little fighters are overcome. Then see pimples, boils, eczema, salt-rheum and sores multiply and strength and appetite fail. This condition demands Electric Bitters to regulate stomach, liver and kidneys and to expel poisons from the blood. "They are the best blood purifier," writes C. T. Budahn, of Tracy, Calif, "I have ever found." They make rich, red blood, strong nerves and build up your health. Try them. 50 cents at all druggists. 8-3-51 WHAT IS IT? WHAT IS IT? Ten and twenty year combination distribution certificate of membership as devised by the American Workmen Fraternal Insurance Company, of Washington, D.C., one of the most liberal, strongest and reliable fraternal institutions in the field. For further particulars see D. E. V. JORDAN General Agent for West Va. Office: Room 2, K. of P. Bldg. Charleston, W. Va. 100 AGENTS WANTED. Human Hair Goods at less than Half Store Prices. 25c. As an example, this beautiful pompadour, usually retailing for 75c. sold by mail, direct from importer for 25c. C. D. Our illustrated free catalog describes this and other newest New York styles of hair dressing we sell by mail at half retail price. This handsome barrette given on free with every purchase of one dollar or more Natt & Co. 62 Union St. New York SHIRLEY PRESIDENT SUSPENDERS M The kind that most men wear. Notice the cord back and the front ends. They slide in frictionless tubes and move as you move. You will quickly see why Shirley President Suspenders are comfortable and economical for the working man or business man. Light, Medium or Extra Heavy Weights — Extra Lengths for Tall Men. Price 50 Cents from your local dealer or by mail from the factory. Signed Guarantee on every pair THE C. A. EDGARTON MFG. CO. 333 MAIN*STREET, SHIRLEY, MASS. THU... Y. S. THU... 7. 1911. BLUEFIELD BLUEFIELD On the ma easy of ac Healthful lo comfort, an way of Lib cieties and Regular Ne also course and Laund FREE BOOK BOARD, FU ROOMS $8.0 A Model G Graduates ience in te regular wo For Further FIELD COLORED BLUEFIELD COLORED INSTITUTE UEFIELD, WEST VIRGINIA On the main line of the N. & W. R. easy of access from all points of the healthful location, the very best comfort, and excellent advantage day of Library, Laboratories, Sys- teties and a strong, earnest Fai- regular Normal and Academic also courses in Music, Sewing, and Laundering. FREE BOOKS TO NORMAL HARD, FUEL, LIGHT AND FU- OMS $8.00 PER MONTH. A Model Graded Schoo in which graduates are given the neces- sance in teaching before begin- ing regular work. For Further Information Address the R. P. SIMM BLUEFIELD, WEST VIRGINIA On the main line of the N. & W. R. R., and easy of access from all points of the Virginian Healthful location, the very best of school comfort, and excellent advantages in the way of Library, Laboratories, Student Societies and a strong, earnest Faculty. Regular Normal and Academic Courses, also courses in Music, Sewing, Cooking and Laundering. FREE BOOKS TO NORMAL STUDENTS BOARD, FUEL, LIGHT AND FURNISHED ROOMS $8.00 PER MONTH. A Model Graded Schoo in which Normal Graduates are given the necessary experience in teaching before beginning their regular work. For Further Information Address the Principal Theatrical Chit--chat Frank Fowler Brown and Bessie Oliver Brown are not to have a legal separation. They are now playing an engagement at Long Branch, at the conclusion of which they will keep house in New York City. Both are young people of exceptional talent, and as joint vaudeville artists, could put on an act that would sweep the country. Madame E. Azalia Hackley the noted prima donna soprano, is to formally retire from the concert stage at a farewell recital, to be given at Orchestra Hall, Chicago, October 19. It is said that this will positively be the last appearance of Madame Hackley upon the concert stage in Chicago but she is being urged to give similar retirement recitals in Washington, Philadelphia and New York, and may finally consent to do so. After her retirement, she will devote her time to teaching and to conducting vocal institutes to train vocal teachers for the race. It is noted that this is the first instance of the "retirement" of any colored artists. Mr. Cary B. Lewis, the brilliant young newspaper man is to manage the Chicago recital for Mrs. Hackley. In the new $100,000 Evanston Theater, in the Chicago suburb, a separate section of the balcony, reached by a private stairway, has been provided for colored patrons. On the opening night it is said the B. NUFORM CORSETS W.B. NUFORM CORSETS THE Nuform is a popular priced corset, modeled on lines that perfect your figure. It defines graceful bust, waist and hip lines and fits at the back. The range of shapes is so varied, every figure can be fitted with charming result. All Nuform Corsets are made of serviceable fabrics—both heavy and light weight—daintily trimmed and well tailored. Your dealer will supply you with the model best suited to your figure. Nuform, Style 478. (As pictured). For average figures. Medium low bust, extra skirt length over abdomen and hips. Made of durable coutil and light weight batiste. Hose supporters. Sizes 18 to 30. Price, $1.00. Nuform, Style 485. For average and well developed figures. Medium bust, extra length over hips, back and abdomen. Goutil and batiste. Hose supporters. Sizes 18 to 30. Price, $1.50. form, Style 488. For average and well developed figuine coat construction over hips, back and abdomen, comfort with modish lines. Made of excellent coutilse supporters. Sizes 19 to 30. Price, $2.00. Sold At All Stores BROS., Makers, 34th St. & Broadway, New York Nuform, Style 488. For average and well developed figures. Unique coat construction over hips, back and abdomen, insuring comfort with modish lines. Made of excellent couil and batiste. Hose supporters. Sizes 19 to 30. Price, $2.00. Sold At All Stores WEINGARTEN BROS., Makers, 34th St. & Broadway, New York By Ar-W-Tee Nut ures. Use insuring cor and batiste. He WEINGARTEN SITUATED AT scheme worked satisfactorily, and with out protest from any of the Negroes who flocked to the place. The Illinois Chronicle, however, makes a kick, and says, very pertinently: "It is the duty of the colored citizens of Everston to see to it that this entrance is closed by cobwebs, and the seats eaten up by dust and rust. There is no room in Chicago for a 'jim-crow' theater." One of the brightest of the "sister acts" now before the public is that performed by, Miss. Lottie, Gee and Miss Effle King, who are completing a series of engagements here, covering practically the entire summer. By expert head-work, coupled with nimble foot-work and voices that combine rare musical quality with piquancy and vivacity, they have constantly offered their friends something new; hence, they have not "gone stale," and at the close of their season here they are even more strongly in demand than at the opening. Miss Gee is a soprano, capable of "putting across" any selection from grand opera to "rag-time," and Miss King is a contralto of like range and versatility. Both are dancers of the finest type, embodying the "poetry of motion," staging their productions with painstaking care, striking originality and the utmost fidelity to the best terpsichorean traditions. Some of the selections that have attained lasting popularity, with Miss Gee leading, are "Todding the Toledo," "Alabama Bound," "Loving," "What Makes Me Love You The Way I Do," and the latest song hit, "Alexander's Rag-Time Band." Miss Gee has added to her varied repertoire Miss Brodie's new ballad "Just for a Kiss," which promises to have a vogue. Their dancing specialty, "The Devil Rag," by Ford Dabney, is adelightfulfeature of their present engagement at Dabney's Theater. Misses Gee and King pay particular attention to costuming their wardrobe being admitted to be the most elaborate and expensive outfit used by any similar team now in vaudeville. They are styled on the boards as "Ford Dabney's Ginger Girls," and the title is aptly applied, though preferring to travel at present as an individual team, there is a barrel of money awaiting any manager sagacious enough to place them at the head of a high-class musicical company for the "road." Misses Gee and King have made a host of warm friends among the best people in the land, and there is a brilliant future before them in the Thesplan world. Their speedy return to the nation's capital will be heartily welcomed. * * * T. Spencer Finley, the effervescent comedian, who holds the record for longevity hereabouts, is at Daly's in Baltimore. It was he who made the Hiawatha the "court theater" of Washington, opening the house and remaining a drawing card for over a year. Mr. Findley pioneered the local vaudeville field, and made it possible for scores of high-salaried performers to get a "look-in" on the local field. He has developed a situation that makes Washington a close rival to New York and Chicago as a Negro theatrical center. * * * The Dandy Dixie Minstrels are at the New Howard this week, opening their season, after two weeks of rehearsal, "Jolly John Larkins" follows in "Royal Sam." The Minnehaha is to be enlarged. A new stage, comfortable dressing rooms and all of the accessories of a first-class theater are to be installed: ★ ★ ★ Ford Dabney is organizing a vaudeville circuit, and will soon be able to book performers for forty solid weeks of work in reliable houses. Clarence Bowens, with the "Ten Georgia Campers" was here last week at the Lyceum, as an added attraction to the "Miss New York, Jr." burlesque company. They "went big" as usual. Edward Tolliver, the "Pedro" of S. Tutt Whitney's "Mayor of New-town," is making a pronounced hit, both as an actor and a singer. He has the opportunity of his life and is making good. His solo, "Dear Old Mexico," is taking repeated encores nightly, and his sensational fall from a cliff at the close of the last act, brings his part very close to that of the stars in exciting comment. Mr. Tolliver is a diligent student and shows that he possesses the stuff of which "top liners" are made. Lewis A. Mitchell the well-known comedian and musician, has assumed the management of the Chelsea, and is booking some first-class attractions for this excellent house. Much-needed changes have been made in the stage and lighting arrangements. It is stated that the name of the house will also be changed, and that the memory of some noted colored actor will be perpetuated in this way. Ernest Hogan, George Walker, Ira Aldridge and Bob Cole's names are mentioned in this connection. * * * Here's good health, long life and the best of luck to her who was "Charita Day-" She is Mrs. Sigismond T. Mussondon now and will live in Chicago. The stage loses one of its brightest luminaries in the retirement of Miss Day. * * * * Andrew Tribble and Jeff DeMount, in their new sketch, are at the Chelsea this week for an indefinite stay. Gaines and Brown are also on the bill. ★ ★ ★ The death of strong colored road shows this year is one of the tragedies of the times. Why not make up a few top-line vaudeville combinations for the road on the order of the Great Beham Show, the old Tony Pastor type, or anything attractive to fill the gaping dates in houses like the Howard at Washington. We doubt if any but the very best of the all-white companies will be able to draw at the all-black theaters of the country. There is a disposition to make this color-line business cut both ways in many of the cities. Miss Henrietta Vinton Davis is preparing for an extended sojourn in Bermuda. Mme. Anita Patti Brown who recently achieved the triumph of her life at the great Musical Festival at Atlanta, is to "make" the Pacific Coast this season, appearing in Seattle, Wash., San Francisco, Los Angeles and all of the metropolitan cities of the Far West. She will be in Washington for a star concert in the near future, under the auspices of the S. Coleridge-Taylor Choral Society. Will Vodery goes with The Smart Set as musical director. S. H. Dudley's new comedy vehicle for the coming season is styled "Mr. Beans of Boston." It is said to be entirely different from any colored show yet put together. Originality has been the crying demand among colored shows for lo these many days. SOCIAL UPLIFT. (From the September Crisis.) A committee of representatives from a number of the leading colored and white organizations for social service has been systematically investigating conditions in St. Louis for more than a year. The report shows that colored people enjoy practically the same advantages in schools, libraries, parks and recreation enterprises as white persons, although of course there are separate schools. In several hospitals colored people are not received, it is reported, or if received are not accorded the same treatment white people receive. The report continues: "The housing and sanitary conditions among colored people are very bad in some parts of the city, but probably no worse than among neighboring white people. It is interesting to note that the city has practically no problem of destitute or neglected colored children. There are none in the Industrial School, few in the Juvenile Court." The problems of relief, too, "seem to be comparatively fewer and proportionately less than among white people." The report is encouraging, especially the spirit of co-operation in which it has been made. It points out, however, that "both educational and recreation activities and advantages for the colored people need greatly to be improved, particularly in the field of commercial recreation, dance halls, theaters, etc." It has been proposed to the Board of Administrators of Charity Hospital, New Orleans, that an annex for colored patients be built. The matter is in charge of the house committee. Dr. J. A. Danna, house surgeon, reports that the building to be adequate for the requirements would cost more than $35,000. He reports, also, that leaders among the colored people have started a fund to aid in building the annex. In the post office at Atlanta, Ga., it is said that three-fourths of the clerks and carriers are colored, and there are nearly 100 colored clerks in the railway mail service with headquarters in Atlanta. Colored people of Tennessee are offering to help the State support a colored reformatory, if one is established. The Mayor of Chattanooga has written the following letter to the Mayor of Charlotte: "Dear Sir: I am endeavoring to inaugurate a movement looking to the protection of the ignorant and innocent among the Negroes arrested for trivial offenses and often without cause." "I am also endeavoring to bring about a movement looking to the better feeling among the races of this community. "Have either of these propositions made any headway in your city "Any information that you can give me in regard to this will be appreciated. Mrs. Blanche Jeffries Tyler returned Monday from Baltimore, where she spent her vacation with relatives. There has been a change for the worse in the condition of J. M. Hazlewood, one of the well known colored business men of the city. He was seriously ill for some time, but until a few days ago after his improvement started, he was supposed to be recovering. A relapse came about and he is now confined to his home on Washington street and his family and friends are considerably concerned about him. ADMISSION DAY CELEBRATION Santa Rosa, Cal., Sept. 8.—Special and regular trains brought to Santa Rosa today thousands of visitors for the annual Admission Day celebration tomorrow. The visitors come from every nook and corner of California and the railroad men estimate that fully 10,000 strangers will be in town before tomorrow morning. In honor of the occasion the business section of the city is handsomely decorated and illuminated. Many of the delegates are accompanied by bands and drum corps. The festivities will begin bright and early to tomorrow morning and continue over Sunday. The program will include in addition to the big parade of Native Son parlors and Native Daughter parlors free street entertainment, band concerts, dancing, athletic events and fireworks. INSTITUTE OF BANKING INSTITUTE OF BANKING Rochester, N. Y., Sept. 8.—The ninth annual convention of the American Institute of Banking is in session here, with an attendance of several hundred delegates from chapters of the organization throughout the country. The institute was founded in 1901 and is affiliated with the American Bankers' Association. Its principal object is educational. To this end has been provided a study course, which is furnished the various chapters, covering the subjects of banking, in its historic, economic and legal aspect. Examinations are held at stated intervals on the lectures that are delivered monthly, and on the grading of the members is delivered a certificate of efficiency. The membership embraces cashiers, tellers, clerks and other employees of the leading banks throughout the country. DIAMONDS combine three important qualities, all of which no other one thing possesses 1 Beauty 2 Durability 3 Investment Value You can use them without decreasing their value. They have charm of beauty which no other gem possesses. We are offering attractive prices on choice diamonds. ERNST The Jeweler & Mfg. Optician 208 Capital Street. A KING WHO LEFT HOME set the world to talking, but Paul Mthulka, of Buffalo. N. Y., says he always KEEPS AT HOME the King of all Laxatives—Dr. King's New Life Pills—and that they're a blessing to all his family. Cure constipation, headache, indigestion, dyspepsia. Only 25c at all duggists. 8-3-51 HIVES AND PRICKLY HEAT RELIEVED FREE! There are no conditions attached to this offer. If you are suffering with hives, prickly heat, insect bites or any other skin affliction, we want you to accept with our compliments a free bottle of ZEMO, the clean liquid remedy for eczema, and all diseases of the skin and scalp. This free bottle is not full size, but it is large enough to show you the wonderful healing and soothing effects of ZEMO. Call today for your sample bottle of ZEMO at the Krieg & Price Drug Stores, 10 Capito; street and 108 Capitol street. CALIFORNIA DAY AT ASTORIA Astoria, Ore., August 18.—"California day" was celebrated at the Astoria Centennial today and was made notable by the participation of several hundred visitors representing the commercial bodies of San Francisco and other California cities. No. 4 Special Buggy only $65.00 HIGHEST GRADE A Value Unsqualed. Sold on $1.00 Profit Margin. FROM FACTORY TO USER Write for prices and other styles. Send for Catalogue. C. R. PATTERSON & SONS, GREENFIELD, OHIO. LARGEST NEORO CARRIAGE CONCERN IN THE UNITED STATES HENRY T. M'DONALD, President STORER Harper's F —Founded More than 400 men and women school in the state for Colored stu- dation high. Remarkably healthful. BUILDINGS BEING ADDED TO OUR har faculty of sixteen highly educa- assistants. Our Library catalogued accord- the largest in the state. FIRST GRADE CERTIFICATE BERS OF THE GRADUATING CLAS- TO THE STATE BOARD OF EDUCA- in its faculty and student body. It living. Literary Societies, Christia- Bands and Sane Athletics. COURSES: Academic, State N For illustrated catalogue and Have You* Any Man USE Q INNERLI BLOCK PATENTED-REGISTERED AND YOUR TROUBLE Block Innerlin Lined Mantles give 50 per mantles. This means a saving of 75 COMPLETE GAS MANTLES IN O ORER COL Harper's Ferry, W. STORER COLLEGE Harper's Ferry, W. Va —Founded in 1867— More than 400 men and women have graduated here. The oldest school in the state for Colored students. Magnificent location. Elevation high. Remarkably healthful. Ample buildings. THREE NEW BUILDINGS BEING ADDED TO OUR PLANT THIS YEAR. The regular faculty of sixteen highly educated, earnest teachers does not include assistants. men and women have graduated, or Colored students. Magically healthful. Ample but ADDED TO OUR PLANT 7 highly educated, earnest alogued according to the State. CERTIFICATES ARE GRADUATING CLASSES WHO WORD OF EDUCATION. Store student body. Its whole infu- lities, Christian Organiz- etics. Educatic, State Normal, Indus- catalogue and other printers. Any Mantle Troop NNERLIN MA ATTENTED-REGISTERED ARE TROUBLES ARE OVER mantles give 50 per cent. more light a saving of 75 per cent. on your MANTLES IN ONE. Price, 25 SET ONE TO TRY W the box covers from 12 Blocks and 15-cent grade of mantles sold and them to us, and get a Block Vy-tal-ty and Block Innerlin Lined China, Plumbing, Grocery and Dealers Write for Our Descriptive G the Block Light Co. (Sole Manufacturer) quarters for Incandescent Mantles, description, Gas, Gasoline, Koros PATENTS Mantles from Leading Mantles. “Hints to inventors.” Patentors fail.” Send rough Office records. Our Mr. ioner of Patents, and as su- Office. EELEY & McH. PATENT ATTORNEY WASHINGTON, D. Our Library catalogued according to the Dewey System, is one of the largest in the state. FIRST GRADE CERTIFICATES ARE GRANTED TO THOSE MEMBERS OF THE GRADUATING CLASSES WHO ARE RECOMMENDED TO THE STATE BOARD OF EDUCATION. Storer is interdenominational in its faculty and student body. Its whole influence is toward Christian living. Literary Societies, Christian Organizations, Musical Clubs, Bands and Sane Athletics. COURSES: Academic, State Normal, Industrial, Music. For illustrated catalogue and other printed matter write to Block Innerlin Lined Mantles give 50 per cent. more light and will outlast six ordinary mantles. This means a saving of 75 per cent. on your mantle expense. TWO COMPLETE GAS MANTLES IN ONE. Price, 25 cents GET ONE TO TRY WITHOUT COST Save the box covers from 12 Block Vy-tal-ty Mantles—the best 10 and 15-cent grade of mantles sold—take them to your dealer, or send them to us, and get a Block Innerlin Lined Mantle free. Block Vy-tal-ty and Block Innerlin Lined Mantles are for sale at Hardware, China, Plumbing, Grocery and Department Stores. PATI Prize Offers from L Book on patents. "Hints to "Why some inventors fail." search of Patent Office records Acting Commissioner of Patent the U. S. Patent Office. PATENTS Prize Offers from Leading Manufacturers Book on patents. "Hints to inventors." "Inventions needed." "Why some inventors fail." Send rough sketch or model for search of Patent Office records. Our Mr. Greeley was formerly. Acting Commissioner of Patents, and as such had full charge of the U. S. Patent Office. GREELEY & McINTIRE PATENT ATTORNEYS WASHINGTON, D. C. CROWN AND BRIDGE WORK A SPECIALTY Dental Surgeon Office: Room 1, K. of P. Bldg. THE CRYSTAL BA Owned and controlled by the Knight America, South America, Europe, Asia The on the Unite receiving YSTAL BATI rolled by the Knight America, Europe, Asia THE CRYSTAL BATH HOUSE Owned and controlled by the Knights of Pythias of North America, South America, Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia 8 Attendants' Fees $3. $1. Dr. C. M. Wade, J. T. T. Warren, Call on or Address RYSTAL BATH HOUSE. M. Wade, Surgeon T. Warren, Auditor H HOUSE. HOT BEE THE LINKING? Gear MR COLLEGE Mr's Ferry, W. Va Founded in 1807— women have graduated here. The oldest students. Magnificent location. Eleva- ful. Ample buildings. THREE NEW TO OUR PLANT THIS YEAR. The regu- educated, earnest teachers does not include according to the Dewey System, is one of CATES ARE GRANTED TO THOSE MEM- CLASSES WHO ARE RECOMMENDED EDUCATION. Storer is interdenominational. Its whole influence is toward Christian Organizations, Musical Clubs, State Normal, Industrial, Music, and other printed matter write to 10 per cent. more light and will outlast six ordinary of 75 per cent. on your mantle expense. TWO IN ONE. Price, 25 cents E TO TRY WITHOUT COST Lovers from 12 Block Vy-tal-ty Mantiles—the best grade of mantles sold—take them to your dealer, us, and get a Block Innerlin Lined Mantle free. Block Innerlin Lined Mantles are for sale at Hardware, Plumbing, Grocery and Department Stores. For Our Descriptive Circular and New Catalogue Bark Light Co., Youngstown, Ohio (Sole Manufacturers) Incandescent Mantles, Burners and Supplies of every Gas, Gasoline, Kerosene, High Pressure, etc. VENTS from Leading Manufacturers ents to inventors." "Inventions needed." ail." Send rough sketch or model for records. Our Mr. Greeley was formerly Patents, and as such had full charge of Y & McINTIRE ATTORNEYS WINGTON, D. C. HOURS: 8:30 TO 1:30 P.M. 2:00 TO 4:00 P.M. AL BATH HOUSE by the Knights of Pythias of North Europe, Asia, Africa and Australia The only bath house of its kind in the United States for Colored People, receiving its hot water direct from the United States Government. Equipped with all the latest improvements. Experienced attendants. Steam heated throughout. PRICE OF BATHS: $4.00 per course of 21 baths. $2.00 per half course of 10 baths. 25 cents per single bath. 25 cents per single bath. Knights of Pythias and members of the Court of Calantho with con- tificates of good standing in their respective lodges are entitled to half the above rates. $3.00 per course of 21 Baths $1.50 per course of 10 Baths ade, Surgeon-in-Chief ven, Auditor J. R. SMITH, Mgr. SE- HOT SPRINGS, AKA N. C. BRACKETT. Treasurer. The President SEE THE LINKS ```markdown ``` Home Phone 429. PAGE FOUR PUBLISHED EVENT THURSDAY BY THE ADVOCATE PUB. CO. The Advocate is entered in the Post-office at Charleston, W. Va., as second class matter. SUBSCRIPTION RATES: Three months ..... $0.50 Six months ..... 1.00 One year ..... 1.50 That was certainly some address delivered by Pres. J.-R. Clifford before the National Independent Political League. It takes up nearly two whole pages of his paper, The Pioneer Press. “Delegates come well prepared financially”, says the Indianapolis Plain-dealer speaking of the recent Pythian Supreme Lodge session there. That is certainly more than can be said of them when they left for the cost of living reached its highest altitude that week. That was certainly an effective method adopted by the white labor unions of Cincinnati to prevent the colored hod carriers from leading the parade Labor Day. According to custom, lots were drawn to determine which organization should lead the procession. The colored men drew the lucky number, but could not occupy the much-coveted position because the union band—all of which are white—could be secured to play for them. UNSIGNED COMMUNICATIONS. So many anonymous communications have reached this office recently that, with the hope of abating this newspaper nuisance, it is again stated that under no circumstances whatever will any unsigned communications be published, unless they come from regular correspondents. For the benefit of those who are ignorant of our rules governing correspondence, it might be stated further that the signature is not desired for publication, but for our own enlightenment as to the identity of the writer. While on this subject of occasional correspondence, The Advocate would like to impress upon those who now and then "take their pen in hand" to let us know what is going on in their town, that the writing must be legible and if the writer feels he can not make it so, he will please not attempt it with the request that we correct all errors. Then, too the paper should be written on one side only. No first class machine operator will turn the paper over, if you mark at the bottom of it "over" a hundred times. If these simple "don'ts" are remembered, it will save the correspondent disappointment at not seeing his article in print, and the editor from endangering his future salvation. Nice, fine, hot, michey, suitry, damp wet muggy disagreeable tropical August. Goodbye until next year. The persistency of divorce suggests that the martial relation is too ofté a martial one. It is one of the saving graces of false teeth that they never almost drown anybody the way cork legs do. A deaf-mute in Iowa stepped on the business end of a tack and immediately regained his speech. It's an even wager that his first utterance was sharp and to the point. "Mr. Bryan announces that he will devote his life to driving 'photocracy from the throne'". It is to be hoped that he will be, more successful than he has been in effort to put "himself on the throne. Laura Jean Libbey, who will be remembered as the author of "Life loved but was lured away", and "Lovers once but strangers now", disapproves of over-much kissing. It was not like that in the olden days. GETTING BACK TO EARTH The Advocate is willing to do anything within reason to hold up the hands of any man attempting or compiling anything worth while, but it will not countenance "slopping over", and he who thinks so has "sure done lost his mind". In these columns wholly and in the news columns as far as it is impossible, the aim has been to give honor to those to whom it is due, but in such language as to leave no intelligent person under the impression that the writer is so ignorant of men and measures as to be unable to appreciate the relative importance of his subject in the class to which it belongs. To Illustrate: a community of five or six colored families is not a second Mound Bayou, nor is a colored teacher in a one-room school a black Angell. Hadley or Elliott. The custom of Negro speakers and writers of piling on superlatives and of making "much ado about nothing" is to us aberrant. These reflections arise from the reading of a communication recently received for publication. In it there appeared the following gem: "We highly appreciate that we met in the magnificent town of—with its magnificent structures piercing their towers high into the concade blue and with its great mountains surrounding the magnificent town." All this, reader dear, was intended to be descriptive of a little mining village of about four hundred souls situated on a hill, and no one of its magnificent structures piercing their towers high into the concade blue" is more than two stories in height. On par with this are the colleges which are in fact not much more than high schools, and universities of one department. Their heads are "noted educators" and each male instructor a "professor." Every sermon preached is a "soul stirring", one or "a scholarly effort", and the subject of an obituary is "most highly responded in the community, lived a consistent Christian and died in the full triumph of the faith". Such fulsome praise is becoming so common that it is no longer possible to differentiate the exceptional from the ordinary. Exaggeration is so usual that one, without personal knowledge, is hard put to determine whether the Hon. William Jones is a boot black, bartender or member of the Legislature. But we are rising. There are fewer tonsorial partors than formerly, and palatial residences are dropping down to comfortable homes—their proper helvel. Withth the dissemination of knowledge and a proper understanding of words, the tendency to "slop over" is less apparent, and overworked superlatives are getting a rest. HELPING THEMSELVES Tiring of having to beg for the use exclusively white parks whenever they wanted to have an Emancipation, or similar, celebration and feeling the urgent need for a permanent place where Negroes might go for recreation, a number of public-spirited Negroes of Huntington have banded together and purchased seven acres of ground which they hope, in time to convert into a park with the usual attractions. A small site, it is true, if compared with others of the kind to be found in most progressive town in the country, but none of these represents greater sacrifices or was projected with higher motives. It is the embodiment of the spirit of independence becoming more and more dominant in the race. It is a concrete example of the increasing faith that one black man has in the honesty and ability of another, and a monument to the efficacy of united effort. The men financing the project are climbing and lifting others as they climb. They have overcome the mutual distrust, implanted by the shrewd slave-holders, among men of color as to co-operation and are setting an example for the more timid to follow in other business ventures. The need for a park for colored people is great in nearly every town in the south. Huntington's "way out" is recommended to those who have the nerve and the money. MARYLANDS REBELLION The progress of the political campaign in Maryland will be watched with much interest by the Negroes of West Virginia and its result in November will be awaited with equal anxiety, for Maryland is the bulwark on the east of this State against the rising tide of disfranchisement. Three times it has with stood the storm. Another victory, and we shall enter into our own struggle, a year hence, with the encouragement of their success. The outlook is not altogether hopeless, as will be seen from the editorial expressions of well informed journals, among which is the Clarksburg Telegram, which says: "Resulting from the recent gubernatorial primary of the Democrats of Maryland, there is more than a bare possibility of Arthur Pue Gorman's defeat at the polls this fall. The primary itself was too close to be satisfactory to Mr. Gorman and he certainly sees danger ahead from its very closeness. Even there is a possibility of his being counted out in the state convention. "If Mr. Gorman is to lead the Democratic party in Maryland, however, it will be but another instance of reaction on the part of Democracy, something that has taken place in nearly every instance where Democrats were elevated to power, with no regard whatever for campaign policy or pledge. There is Harmon as an instance. He is very reactionary. One might come to this state for instance, too. The only exception seems to be Governor Wilson, of New Jersey, and there are many in his state and the nation of his own political party who are after him with sharpened knives. "There is repudiation of Democrats everywhere because they fail to live up to their promises and their platforms, but it has ever been so, and only once in awhile are the people fooled. "Truly, is it said of Gorman that he is a member of the Democratic state machine, a boss by inheritance, a creature of the corporations, a political product of the tough ward of the city of Balitmore. As an exchange says it is worth while noting the fact that Democracy wherever it has had a fair chance has turned to such men as Gorman. "This year, however, it appears as shown by the primary election that there is a rebellion in Maryland against Gormanism that very seriously threatens the overthrow of the machine, of which he is the head, and Gorman will go down with it." Rev. J. L. Turner, of Mt. Hope, is in the city the guest of friends. Miss Carrie Fairfax, of Powellton, the guest of her brother, M. L. Fairfax. RATE+HEARINGS IN THE WEST Chicago, Sept. 6.—Commissioner Prouty of the interstate conference commission began a hearing in Chicago today on the rates on wool, hides and polls from various western points of origin to eastern destination. Later in the month he is to conduct hearings on the same subject in Albuquerque, Denver, Salt Lake City, Portland and Phoenix. FOOTBALL PLAYER'S ROMANCE Orange, N. J., Sept. 6.—A romance of the football field culminated in the wedding here today of Miss Florence Newton Flanders of this place and John Nathan Levine of Waterville, Me., a former Yale football player. The bride is a sister of Carl S. Flanders, who played on the Yale eleven with Levine. The two men roomed together at college, and it was after one of the big football games at New Haven that Levine first met his future bride. NEW YORK SOLONS MEET AGAIN Albany, N. Y., Sept. 6.—The New York legislature reassembled today to consider the subjects of congressional reapportionment and the proposed new charter for New York city. The subject of the charter is the one in which most interest is manifested. Whether the Tammany influence can muster enough votes among the independent Democrats to put the measure through is a matter of much speculation. The Republican members of the assembly are believed to be solidly enposed to it. The legislature will take the action necessary for the reapportionment of the State into 43 congressional districts. There are now 37 districts, represented by 15 Republicans and 22 Democrats. The ratio of population under the present apportionment averaged 196,402. That under the new apportionment will be 211,944. BENCH SHOW AT READING Reading, Pa., Sept. 7.—With an entry list larger than ever before the annual bench show of the Reading Kennel Club opened heretoday. The show is also said to contain a greater variety of breeds than were exhibited in previous shows. The judging began today and will continue until the close of the exhibition Saturday. Wilbur P. Thirkield, L. L. D., Pres. Located in Capital of the Nation. Campus of over twenty acres. Advantages unsurpassed. Modern, scientific and general equipment, New Carnegie Library. New Science Hall. Faculty of over one hundred, 1382 students from 37 states and 10 other countries. Unusual opportunities for self-government. No young man or woman of energy or capacity need be deprived of its advantages. COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES Devoted to liberal studies. Courses in English, Mathematics, Latia Greek, French, German, Physics, Chemistry Biology, History, Philosophy, and the Social Sciences, such as are given in the best approved colleges. Sixteen Professors. Kelly Miller, A. M., Dean. THE TEACHERS' COLLEGE. Special opportunities for teachers. Regular college courses in Psychology, Pedagogy, Education, etc., with degree of A. B., Pedigogical course leading to degree of Ph. B. High- grade courses in Normal training Music, Manual Arts, Domestic Sci- ences. Graduates helped to -positions. Lewis B. Moore, A. M., Ph. D., Dean. THE ACADEMY Faculty of 13. Three courses of four years each. High-grade preparatory school. George J. Cummings, A. M., Dean. THE COMMERCIAL COLLEGE. Courses in Bookkeeping, Stenography, Commercial Law, History, Civics, Etc., Business and High School education combined. George Wm. Cook, A. M., Dean. SCHOLL OF MANUAL ARTS AND APPLIED SCIENCES Furnishes thorough courses. Six instructors. Offers four year courses in Mechanical and Civil Engineering and Architecture. PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS, The School of Theology—Interdenominational. Five professors Broad and thorough courses. Advantages of connection with a great university. Students Aid. Low expenses. Isaac Clark, D. D., Dean. The School of Medicine.—Medical Dental and Pharmaceutical Colleges. Forty-nine professors. Modern laboratories and equipment. Connected with new Freedmen's Hospital, costing half million dollars. Clinical facilities not surpassed in America. Post-Graduate School in Polyclinic-Edward A. Balloch, M. D., Dean, 5th and W Street, N. W., W. C. McNeil, M. D., Secretary, 901 R Street, N. W. The School of Law.—Faculty of eight. Courses of three years, giving a thorough knowledge of theory and practice of law. Occupies own building opposite court house. Benjamin F. Leighton, L. L. B., Dean 420 5th St. N. W. ```markdown ``` THE ADVOCATE. ONTO TRIES OUT THE NEW ELECTION LAW OF STRONGEST KIND The Kimball Corrupt Practices Act is Stringent FIRST TEST COMES TODAY Columbus, Ohio, Sept. 5.—The Kimball corrupt practices act enacted by the last session of the Ohio legislature is given its first practical test in the primaries held throughout the State today. The law in all its provisions applies to the primaries as well as to the regular elections. The results of its operation are awaited with keen interest, particularly in Cincinnati Toledo, Columbus and other large cities where it was tried out today. The advocates of the Kimball act believe that it will work a revolution in the methods of practical politics. The measure is designed to bring practically every movement of every political party and candidate into the daylight of publicity. The publicity feature is attained by the provisions of the law which compel the filing within ten days after any election, of statements showing the precise amount of money spent by every candidate, party committee, or association or organization of two or more persons, interested in the election, and showing in addition how every dollar was spent. Primary elections are included, and the law makes the filing of such statements absolutely compulsory. The law requires, furthermore, that the statements must include not only the amount of money spent but the amount "promised" or "received." The new law also places a strict limit upon the amount of money any candidate can spend for his nomination. The amount allowed is to be in proportion to the population of the territory in which the candidate seeks nomination or election. In addition, the law specifies all things that are to be regarded as legitimate campaign expenses, such as advertising, traveling expenses, expenses of halls and speakers, offices and headquarters, the preparation of lists of voters, etc. The penalties for the violation of any of the provisions of the law are severe. For a candidate it means forfeiture of office, in addition to the fine or imprisonment. The fine is to be from $100 to $500 and the imprisonment not to exceed six months. Employees who seek in any way to influence or control the votes of those in their employ are made amenable to the law. An employer who threatened even verbally or indirectly that the election of any particular candidate or ticket would result in a partial suspension of business or a cut in wages, might, under the provisions of the law be sent to prison for six months. The Kimble law, which is pronounced by experts to be the most drastic "corrupt practices" act in force in any of the States, is the result of the revelations of vote-buying in Adams county, this State, where hundreds of voters were disfranchised a year ago by Judge A. Z Blair. The measure was introduced in the legislature by the representative from Adams county, Mr. Kimble. FEAST FOR STAMP COLLECTORS Vienna, Sept. 7. Under the protectorate of Dr. Wagner von Jauregg, postmaster general of Austria-Hungary, the International Philathetic Exhibition was opened here today. Collections of stamps from every country in the world are on exhibition, among them some of the largest and most famous known to philanthropists. Many valuable prizes will be awarded. PRESIDENT TAFT AT HARTFORD Hartford, Conn., Sept. 7. —At Charter Oak Park this afternoon President Taft spoke before a large gathering assembled for the Connecticut State Fair. The President was introduced by Governor Baldwin. Previous to going to the park the President met the members of the Connecticut general assembly and was entertained at a luncheon given by the State in Memorial Hall. The Governors Foot Guards and the local battalion of the naval militia furnished the military escort for the distinguished visitor. Immediately after concluding his address at the State Fair the President departed for his summer home at Beverly. YOUNGSTER ARRIVES YOUNGSTER ARRIVES The process of christening has applied itself in the instance of the infant son of Mr. and Mrs. E. W. Wilson of Brooks street. The youngster arrived Thursday night. The names accorded him do honor to the memory of one of his grandfathers, Mr. John Wilson, and the other to the name of the other grandparents, the McConhays. Consequently, he will go through life as John McConhay Wilson unless, of course, he receives a nickname. THE WEST VIRGINIA COLORED INSTITUTE Offers Three Literary Courses---English, Academic, and Normal. V FARMERS' NATIONAL UNION IN SESSION AT SHAWNEE, OKLA Claims a Membership of More Than 2,000,000 Shawnee, Okla., Sept. 5.—A national convention for farmers unparalleled, probably in importance, undoubtedly in attendance, in the history of America assembled in Shawnee today for a three days' session. The occasion is the annual convention of the National Farmers' Union, the largest, most influential and most successful organization of its kind that ever existed in this country, not excepting the Farmers' Alliance which made itself felt in national politics several decades ago. The present convention is attended by delegates representing a membership of over 2,000,000, scattered over more than half the States of the Union. While the South and the West are the best represented numerically there is abundant evidence to show that the organization is steadily making headway among the farmers of other sections of the country. The National Farmers' Union, though not primarily a political organization, has never hesitated to make its influence felt in national or State politics where the interests of the farmers were believed to be an stake. Consequently, and in view of the approaching presidential and congressional elections, the discussions and addresses of the three days' sessions will be watched carefully by the politicians. The proposed reciprocity agreement with Canada will naturally receive attention from the convention as will also such subjects of general interest as the parcel post, the restriction of foreign immigration, and the abolition of gambling in farm products. Much attention will be given also to plans for increasing the membership and influence of the organization. CUPID COMES BACK A glance at the marriage license registered at the county clerk's office makes one think that Cupid must have been taking a vacation during the recent wet season and has now returned rejuvenated in health and ready for any rush that might occur. Saturday the clerk had issued nine licenses, as follows: H. M. Davis 22, Clara J. Stricklon 22. Charles Albert Harper 25, Caroline Clatworthy 20. J. H. Asbury 27, Carrie Martin 27. Fred Hali 23, Pearl Neylon 25. Herbert Donahue 22, Myrtle Hudson 18. Milton Fulp 21, Mattie Lacy 19. Levi High 58, Marion Parker 43. Okey Short 19. Lorinda Deel 36. The New York Highlanders have repurchased Pitcher Abies, the big southpaw of the Oakland club. He has been one of the wonders of the Pacific Coast League this season. BYRD PRILLERMAN, President Institute, West Virginia ON PATERNITY CHARGE Upon the complaint of Lizzie McCormick, Squire Hill this morning issued a warrant for a man named C. D. Runyon, who resides in Putnam county, for his arrest upon the charge of being the father of an unlawful child borne by the complainant. An officer was sent to Winfield to make the arrest. RETIREMENT OF COL. TAYLOR Washington, Sept. 6. After forty-four years of service, Col. Sydney W. Taylor of the Second Field Artillery, was placed on the retired list today on his own application. Col. Taylor is a native of the District of Columbia, but was appointed to the army from New York in 1867. With the exception of three years' service in the adjutant general's department his entire service of nearly forty-five years has been in the artillery arm. His last command was that of the Department of the Columbia at Vancouver barracks, Washington. COURT TO SETTLE CONTEST Denver, Colo., Sept. 6.—The contest between Frank S. Hoag and F. S. Kendall for the office of State railway commissioner of Colorado came up for trial today before Judge Shattuck. Kendall contends that he should have the office because of his election last November, selected for the place by the people of Colorado. Hoag claims he is entitled to it by reason of an appointment by Governor Shafroth under a law passed by the last legislature making all members of the commission appetitive. WARRANT IS ISSUED Upon the complaint of Jim Wiseman, Squire Caperton, who is acting as justice in Squire Atkinson's absence, this morning issued a peace warrant for Thomas Ullman. Ullman gave $190 bond for his appearance Saturday morning at 9 a. m. FAMOUS HORSES AT AUCTION New York, Sept. 7.—Many of America's most celebrated racing horses were listed to go under the hammer at the auction sale of S. C. Hildreth's great stable, which began at Sheepshead Bay today. Included in the string wore Fitz Herbert, the fastest horse in America for four seasons; Novelty, the winner of last year's Futurity; King James, a noted handicap winner; Zeus, Firestone, Royal Meteor and a number of other horses whose names are familiar to every patron of the turf. The prominence of the thoroughbreds to be disposed of led to marked interest in the occasion and a number of well known horsemen from various parts of the United States and Canada were present at the opening of the sale. TRIBUTE TO, WAR SECRETARY Steubenville, O., Sept. 7. —The tribute of his birthplace was paid to Edwin H. Stanton today. The memory of the statesman who served as secretary, of war in the cabinet of President Lincoln was honored in a way to be remembered by the thousands of citizens who gathered to witness the unveiling of the striking bronze likeness of Steubenville's most famous son. Governor Harmon delivered an address and among the other distinguished participants were descendants of General Grant, President Lincoln and other inmate friends and associates of. Secretary Stanton. Lewis H. Stanton, son of the statesman, unveiled the "memorial." THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 7, 1911. ED INSTITUTE s---English, al. R 20, 1911 Surroundings Good MAN, President, itute, West Virginia WEST VIRGINIA PATENTS H. E. Dunlap, patent lawyer, of Wheeling, W. Va., and 216 McGill building, Washington, D. C., reports the recent issue of the following patents to West Virginia inventors: William H. Balloy, deceased, Wheeling U. G. Jones, administrator, furnace; Daniel B. Caudy and E. K. Cutlip, Holcomb, railway switch; Raymond E. Crane, Cameron, manufactur of lavatories and the like; Edwin C. Dickinson, Talcott, gate latch; Lodonzo C. Engle, Keller, railway tie and fastening; Mary D. Fisher, Bluefield, collapsible hat anchor; Adam D. Goetz Charles Town, cart saddle; John D. Mills, Warwood, aerial toy; Albert D. Purtle, Salem, attachment to auto gas regulators; and Herschel L. Shriver, Morgantown, nut locking device. CHARGED WITH FRAUD8 May's Landing, N. J., Sept. 7. Several of the so-called election fraud cases which have stirred Atlantic county from centre to circumference were called for tint here today before Supreme Court Justice Samuel Kalisch. As the defendants number nearly a score and include many prominent and influential political workers who are expected to make a vigorous defense, the probability is that the court will be kept busy for the next month or two in disposing of the cases. The charges include conspiracy to bribe, the purchase of votes, assaults on election officers and various other violations of the law alleged to have been committed in connection with the elections in Atlantic City last November. HIPP HAD GOOD CROWDS No popular place of amusement in Charleston enjoyed better patronage yesterday than the Hippodrome. At all four performances the house was packed and the bill offered by the management met with an enthusiastic reception. Throughout the present week the American Male and Female Minstrels will be the offering and will change their repertoire, tomorrow and Friday. This company comes to Charleston highly recommended and their productions so far this week have been well received. CENTENARY OF AUSTRONOMER Washington, Sept. 6. One hundred years ago today saw the birth in Georgetown, of James M. Gillis, the world-famous astronomer, who, according to his biographers, "first in all the land conducted a working observatory, who first gave his whole time to practical astronomical work, who first published a volume of observations, first prepared a catalogue of stars and planets and carried into effect the construction of a working observatory as contrasted with one intended chiefly for instruction." Dr. Gillis made numerous valuable improvements in astronomical instruments and it was under his charge that the government observatory in Washington became one of the best in the world. His death occurred in this city February 9, 1865. TAFT TO SPEAK AT HARTFORD Hartford, Conn., Sept. 6. President Taft is expected to come to Hartford from Beverly tomorrow in acceptance of an invitation to deliver a public address at the Connecticut State Fair. I was just a little late in getting in the game, but I am here at 24-26 Summers street and am the same J. P. Clark you all know. I do not belong to any trust or combination whatever- My price list on bottled beers: Can You Do Better? Blue Ribbon, 4 dozen..... $5.00 Hoster-Columbus, 3 dozen..... 4.00 Red, White and Blue, 4 dozen..... 5.00 Red, White and Blue, 3 dozen..... 4.00 Schleer Special, Columbus, O. 3 doz. 4.00 Charleston Beer, 3 dozen..... 3.00 Rebate $1.50 on all empty cases and bottles ALL KINDS OF BARREL GOODS, 7 AND 9 YEARS OLD, FROM $2.00 PER GALLON UP. WE ALSO HANDLE IMPORTED GOODS. We also handle a number of other different brands bottled in bond, full quarts at $1.00 per quart. J. P. CLARK 24-26 Summers Street HOME PHONE 134 AND 266. Give Us a Call GARRETT AND UNDEPTA ND HAZLEWOOD ERTAKERS TT, LICENSED EMBALMER we can furnish you with the same or less money. We carry a large balance service. Open day and night. GARRETT AND HAZLEWOOD UNDERTAKERS Why pay large prices when we can furnish you with the same quality of service and goods for less money. We carry a large stock of goods. Prompt ambulance service. Open day and night. Me THE FARMERS' INSTITUTE AT MINK SHOALS WAS HELD ON TUESDAY Goodly Number of the Farmers and Their Families Present The farmers' institute that was to be held at Mink Shoals, Kanawha county, on September 4 and 5, met September 5th, as Labor Day celebration was on September 4th. The institute opened on Tuesday morning. A goodly number of farmers and their families were early on the ground and at 10 o'clock about 150 persons were present in and about the school house. The long continued drought, followed by abundant rains, had compelled the farmers to get busy to make the most of the scant crops of garden and field produce raised, and save and market the same, so that some of the farmers were not able to be present. The farmers' wives and daughters were a majority of the audience and their presence was much appreciated. The instructors present were Professors T. E. Atkeson and H. S. Vandervort of the State University, and Hon. John Begg of Ohio, also Hon. N. W. Cavender, county superintendent of schools, who contributed much to make the institute a success. ALL ORDERS DELIVERED PROMPTLY. Monday was discussed. Mr. Begg spoke on "Preparing Seed Peds" and "Soil Moisture," and Mr. Vandervort told how to spray fruit trees and how to protect fruit trees from insects. The social feature at the noon recess was well planned and successfully carried out. Families, friends and visitors gathered in groups around the tables spread under the trees, on the grass and on the school house benches, which were covered with everybin; the farm and the market afforded. In the afternoon Mr. Begg spoke at the grove on "Soil, Its Care and Culture." He said that everything we eat and wear was a product of the soil; that the soil consisted of four elements—potash, phosphorus, nitrogen or ammonia and humus; that it was necessary to conserve all these elements to insure a succession of crops from year to year without exhausting or weakening these elements; that it was necessary to feed a beef steer one kind of food and a dairy cow a different kind, and a laying hen a food different from a chicken for market; that the beef steer and the chicken needed carbonaceous food, such as corn, while the dairy cow and the hen needed food having in it an excess of protein. Lastly, how to keep the humus and how to keep the fertility. 1. By underdraining: 2, by feeding your crops on the farm where they are raised and returning to the form to form the fertilizing elements in the mixture, and restoring the humus content; 4, by good cultivation. Bees contrasted the thorough collection by the German people with our own careless cultivation, and he said that there was a German stage: If you take care of the soil will tell you, if you starve the 609 Summer Street. Charleston, W. Va. Charleston, W. Va. soil, it will starve you." During the next address the rain compelled retreat and Prof. Vandervort finished his talk on "Strawberries, Rasberries, Currants and Gooseberries" at the school house. He emphasized rich ground, clean culture and protection in winter for strawberries, pruning for raspberries and spraying and pruning for currants and gooseberries. Prof. Atkeson emphasized the value of co-operation in general, and co-operation as grangers or patrons of husbandry, for the farmer in particular, just as organization by the several professions and by religious bodies were necessary to conservation and efficiency. Many organizations had failed, but the grange movement had been a success for forty-four years. Co-operation is the ideal in the grange movement and a factor that makes good with the church, the school, the home, the market, and in our social and political relations, and the farmer is suffering because of the lack of it. An address by N. W. Cavender closed the institute discussions. He said that he was in favor of two crops. We had discussed the crop for the farm and the market garden; but he wished especially to emphasize the crop of boys and girls in the hemes and on the farms, which crop was necessary in order to raise the crops on the farm. In his present position as county superintendent of schools he hoped to have the co-operation of every teacher, parent and citizen in trying to solve one of the greatest and most important present day problems—the boys and the farm. The election of officers followed: For President, Floyd M. Conner; for secretary, Henry Ehman. As there was no representative present from Cooper's Creek with an Invitation for the next Institute, the audience voted to meet again next year at Mink Shoals school house. Miss Lola Lavender, of Montgomery, is the guest of Mrs. J. W. Viney on Jacob street. Miss Mary L. Williams, who has been spending the summer with her mother, Mrs. James Brown, left today for North Fork to begin school. Mrs. Moses H. Jones, of Dayton, Ohio, is in the city the guest of her mother, Mrs. Green, of Young street. Mrs. Jones formlrg resided in this city and her many friends are glad to see he again. Dr. R. L. Jones returned Wednesday from Hampton, Va., where he has been attending the National Medical Association. THE CHURCH, THE MAFIA. THE PEOPLE. One of the interesting sights of Catania, Sicily, as of nearly every other city I visited in Europe, is the market place. I confess that I have a fondness for visiting markets. I ADVOCATE-4 xhfffffff like to wander through the stalls, with their quantities of fruit, vegetables, meat and bread; all the common, wholesome and necessary things of life, piled and ranged in bountiful pro fusion. I like to watch the crowds of people, coming and going, buying and selling, dickering and chaffering. A market, particularly an old-fashioned market, such as one may see almost anywhere in Europe, in which the people from the town and the people from the country, the producer and the consumer meet and bargain with each other seems a muen more wholesome and human place than, for example, a factory. Besides that, anyone who goes abroad to see the people rather than to see the things, will, I believe, find the markets of Europe more interesting and more instructive than the museums. During my journey across Europe I visited the markets in nearly every large city in which I stopped. I saw something of the curious Sunday markets of Bethel Green and Whitechapel, London, with their long lines of shouting hucksters and their crowds of hungry shoppers, and the Jewish market in the Ghetto of Cracow, Poland, where pale-faced Rabbis were slaughtering, according to the strict ritual of the Jewish law, droves of squawking geese. Among others I visited the Monday market in Catania, which differs from the markets I had seen elsewhere in the multitudes of articles of household manufactures offered for sale, and in the general holiday character of the proceedings. It was like a country fair in one of the Southern cities, only cruder and quainter. For example instead of the familiar shooting gallery, with painted targets, one enterprising man had set up a dozen painted sticks on a rough box, and offered to the public, for something less than a cent, the opportunity to shoot at them with an ancient cross-bow, such as I did not imagine existed outside of museums. Then there were all sorts of curious and primitive games of chance. Among other devices for entertaining and mystifying the people I noticed a young woman seafaced in a chair, blindfold. A crowd surrounded her while she named various objects, belonging to the crowd, which her companion, a man, held in his hands. At the same time she told the color of the hair and eyes, and reeled off the future of the different persons to whom the articles belonged. More interesting still were the public story-tellers, who seemed to take the place, to a certain extent, of the daily newspaper among he masses of the people, so many of whom can neither read nor write. The story-tellers stood upon a little platform, which they carried about with them, like portable pulpits, in order that they might be plainly visible to the crowd. Each carried a large banner on which were painted a series of pictures, representing the scenes in the stories which they told. These stories, together with the pictures which illustrated them, had apparently been composed by the man who told them, for they all touched upon contemporary events. In fact, most of them referred in some way to America. Like those song-birds that have only one constantly repeated note, each story teller had but one story, which he told over and over again, in the same tones, with the same attitudes, and the same little dramatic surprises. Although I was not able to understand what was said, it was not difficult to follow the narrative from the pictures. One story told of the fortunes of a young girl who had been lured away to America. Perhaps she was one of those "white slaves" to which I noticed a good many references in Italy, and in other of the emigrant countries. At any rate, she was imprisoned in a very dark and dismal place in some part of New York which I was not able to locate from the picture. Then her brother, or perhaps it was her lover, whom she had left behind in Sicily, saw a vision. It was a vision of Saint George and dragon, and after seeing this vision he rose up and went to America and rescued her. The touching thing about it all, the thing that showed how realistic this whole tale was to the crowd that stood and listened to it in rap attention, was that the story reached the point where the picture of St. George and the dragon is referred to, the men simultaneously raised their hats. At the same time the speaker assumed a more solemn tone, and the crowd listened with a reverential awake while he went to relate the miracle by which the young woman had been saved. The sight of this crowd of people, standing bare-headed in an open square, listening reverentially to the story of a street-fakir struck me, like so much else that I saw of the life of the common people in Catania and elsewhere in Sicily, as strangely touch ing and pathetic. It reminded me of all that I had read and heard of the superstitions of the common people of the country and gave me an insight, such as I had not had before, into the way in which the masses of people feel toward the Catholic church with all its religious ceremonies and symbols. It led me to suspect, also, that much in the religious life of the Sicilian people which looked, perhaps, to those who have had a different training, like superstition, is in fact merely the natural expression of the reverence and piety of a simple-minded, perhaps, and ignorant people. I was told, while I was in that city, that Catania has two hundred and fifty churches, and though I do not know that this statement is correct I would easily believe it from the interminable clanging church bells that smote my ears the first Sunday morning I was in the city. At any rate, no one can go through the city and look at the public buildings, or study the people in their home without meeting abundant evidence of the all-pervading influence of the church. Everywhere, built into the buildings, on the street corners, and in every possible public place, one sees little images of the Virgin, with perhaps a burning lamp before them. Once I ran across one such image, with a lamp before it, planted in a field. I was told it was there to protect the crops from the influence of evil spirits. It did not seem to have occured to anyone that the image of the Virgin and the blessing of the Church, which were intended to protect the fields from evil spirits, might protect them, also from thieves, or banish from the community the evil spiris that inspired men to rob and steal. If this opinion had been very widely held among the masses of the people it would hardly have been necessary to guard the fields night and day, during the harvest season, by men armed with shot guns. This brings me to another point in which I should like to compare the masses of the Sicilian people with the masses of the Negroes in the Southern States, namely, in respect to their religious life. Naturally, the first thing that strikes one, in attempting to make such a comparison, is the wide difference in the situation of the average black man in the Southern States and the corresponding class in Sicily. In all the external religious life, at least, the Sicilian is far ahead of the Negro. Sicily was one of the first countries in the world in which Christianity was planted. St. Paul stopped three days in Syracuse on his way to Rome and there is still standing a building in Catania in which St. Peter is said to have preached. Sicily has inherited the traditions, the organization and the splendid churches and buildings which have grown up and accumulated through a thousand years and more. The Black man, on the contrary, gained his first knowledge of Christianity in slavery and in very imperfect and unsatisfactory form. It is only since freedom came that the Negro church has had an opportunity to extend and establish its influence among the masses of the people, while out of their poverty Negroes, who are even yet struggling to build and own their own homes, and so establish family life, have had to build churches and training schools for ministers to establish a religious press, to support missionary societies and all the other aids and accessories of organized religion. In view of the wide difference between the people of Sicily and the Negroes in America, so far as concerns the external side of their religious life, it struck me as curious that I should hear almost exactly the same criticism of the people in Sicily in respect to their religion, that I have frequently heard of the Negroes in America. A very large number of the popular superstitions of Sicily, what we sometimes call the folk-lore of a country, are very much like the similar notions that the Negroes are supposed to have imported to America from Africa. Any one who has listened to any of the older generation of colored people tell of the various ways of "working the roots", as they call it, will learn a great many things that can be almost exactly duplicated in the popular notions about drugs and philists among the people of Sicily. It is said of the Sicilian, among other things, that their Christianity is saturated with Pagan superstitions and that for the average Sicilian, religions has no connection with moral life. In many cases it seems as if the image of the Virgin had become among the lower class of people, little more than a fetish, a thing to conjure with. For example, the peasant who, in order to revenge himself upon his landlord, and perhaps to compensate himself for what he believes has been taken from him by fraud or extortion, starts out to rob his landlord's field or flock, will pray before one of these images before starting out, for success. If he is really "pious", he may offer, in case he is successful, a portion of what he has stolen to the Saints. If, however, he fails and is merely super- sittons, he will sometimes curse and revile, or even split upon the image to which he previously prayed. I have heard that the savages in Africa will sometimes behave in the same way toward the object of which they have made a fetish, but I have never heard of anything like that among my own people in the South. The Negro is frequently superstitious, as most other ignorant people are, but he is not cynical, and never scoffs at anything which has a religious significance. One thing that indicates the large part that religion plays in the lives of the Sicilian people is the fact that out of the 365 days in he year 104 are sacred to the church. The large amounts of money expended annually by the different cities of Sicily upon processions and celebrations in honor of the local Saints is one of the sources of complaint made by those who are urging reforms in the local administrations. They say that the money expended in this way might better be used in improving the sanitary condition of the cities. As indicating how little all this religious activity connects itself with practical and moral life, it is stated that while Sicily supports ten times as many churches and clergy in proportion to is population, as is true of Germany, for instance, statistics show that it suffers from eleven times as many murders and crimes of violence. In quoting these statements I do not intend to suggest a comparison between the form of religion that prevails in Germany with that in Sicily. Religion, like everything else in Sicily, is deeply rotted in the past It has shared all the changing history of that island, and naturally reflects the conditions, sentiments and prejudices of the people. If the Catholic church is in any way to blame for the existing conditions in Sicily it seems to me it is in the fact that during the long period of years in which the education of the people had been almost wholly in its hands, the Church has held fast to the old medieval notion that education was only for the few, and for that reason has done little or nothing to raise the standard of intelligence among the masses. It has been a great mistake on the part of the Church, it seems to me, to permit it to be said that the Socialists, many of whom are not merely indifferent but openly opposed to the church," represent the "only party" that has sincerely desired and striven for the enlightment and general welfare of the people at the bottom. Such a statement could not, of course, be so easily made of the Church in its relations to the masses of the people elsewhere as in Sicily. The fact about the Sicilian seems to be, however, not that he is, as is sometimes said of the Negro, unmoral, but that the moral code by which he governs himself sometimes makes him a menace to public order. One of the first things that impressed me while I was in Sicily, was the enormous and expensive precautions that were necessary to guard the fields from thieves. Hundreds of miles of high stone walls have been erected in different parts of the island to protect property from vandalism and thieves. In the harvest time it is necessary to practically garrison the island with armed guards to preserve the crops. The cost of putting a private policeman in every field and garden is very heavy and this expense, which imposed upon the land, falls in the long run upon the laborer. The reason for this condition rests in the conviction, which every farm laborer shares, that for his long and crushing labor on the land he does not receive a sufficient pay. In many cases it is likely enough that he is driven by hunger to steal. Under such circumstances it is not difficult to understand that stealing soon ceases to be looked upon as a crime, and seems to be regarded as a kind of enterprise which is only wrong when it is unsuccessful. But there is something further. I learned in the back of the head of almost every Silician which explains many things in Sicilian character, that strike strangers as peculiar. I refer to what goes in Sicily under the name of Omerta, and is like some of the customs that exist in the Southern States, part of the unwritten law of he country. The principle of this unwritten law is silence. If anyone is robbed, wounded, or injured in any way he remains silent. If the police seek to find out who is his enemy he will answer, "I do not know." In some provinces in Sicily It is said to be almost impossible to arrest and convict criminals because no one will hesitate to go into court and perjure himself for a friend. It is considered a point of honor to do so. On the other hand, to assist the police in any way in the prosecution of crime is looked upon as a disgrace. The ordinary man may be a thief, a robber or a murderer and be forgiven, but there is no comfort in heaven or earth for the man who betrays a neighbor or a friend. Complaint is sometimes made that closed people in the Southern States will protect and conceal those among their number who are accused of crime. In most cases where some happens I believe it will be deemed that the real reason is not the desire to save any of their number from a just and deserved punishment, but rather the feeling of uncertainty, because of what they have heard and seen of synching in different parts of the country, as to whether the accused will have the benefit of a full and fair investigation in a court of law. There is among the Negro population of the United States, even though the administration of the law is almost entirely in the hands of anarchist, no settled distrust of the government and the courts and no disposition, as is true of the Sicilian, to resort to private justice, and reargent. In spite of the fact that the frequently gets into trouble with the police and the courts the Negro is, by disposition, at least, the most law-abiding man in the community. I mean by this, the Negro is never an anarchist, he is not opposed to law, as such, but submits to it when he has committed a crime. This brings me to another feature of Sicilian life, namely, the Mafia, I had heard a great deal about the Mafia in Italy and about the criminal political organizations in other parts of Italy, before I came to Europe, and was anxious, if possible, to learn something that would give me an insight into the local causes and conditions which had produced them. One of the professional story-tellers whom I encountered while I was wandering about in the market in Catania, recalled the subject to my mind. He was retailing to a crowd in the market square a story that was even more exciting and interesting to me, at least, than the one which I have already mentioned. It was, in fact, nothing less than an account of the murders and outrages of the Black Hand in New York City. At first it struck me as very curious that I should meet in Italy, the home of the Mafia and the Camorra, a crowd of people in the public square, listening with apparent wonder and awe to the account of the fabulous crimes and misdeeds of their fellow countrymen in another part of the world. I had a sort of notion that the Black Hand operations would be so familiar to Sicilians that they would have no curiosity about them. It was not so, however, and after I learned that New York had an Italian population larger than Rome, larger, in fact, than any Italian city with the exception of Naples, this did not seem so strange. There are, as a matter of fact, more than 500,000 Italians in New York City and 85 per cent of them are from Southern Italy. Among this 85 per cent are very many who belong to the criminal classes. The result is that the Mafia under the name of the Black Hand, is probably as as active and, perhaps, as powerful among the Italian population in New York today as it ever was in Italy. While I was in Palermo I had this place pointed out to me where Petresino, the Italian detective from New York, who went to Sicily to secure the records of some of the noted Italian criminals, then living in America, was shot and killed by the Mafia. Petresino was killed March 12, 1909. The killing of this American officer in the streets of Palermo served to call attention to the number of Black Hand crimes committed by Italians in this country. During the next nine months after Petresino's death it was reported that no less than fifty "Italian killings", as they were called, took place, either in New York City itself or in the surrounding territory, and from 1906 to 1909, according to statistics prepared by the New York World, of 112 unexplained murders committed in and around New York 54 were those of Italians. This suggests, at least, the manntr in which our own country is affected by the conditions of the masses in Southern Italy and Sicily. The Mafia, the Black Hand, as it is called in America, is a kind of institution which is so peculiar and so such an extent the product of purely local conditions that it seems difficult even for those who know most about it to explain is existence. One statement which I heard in regard to the matter was especially interesting to me. It was said that the conditions of mind which made the Mafia possible, the fear and distrust which divides the masses of the people from the ruling classes and the government was the result of the mingling of races in the Island, that the Mafia was, in short, Sicily's race problem. It is certainly true that in no other part of Europe, with the possible exception of Spain, have the different people of Europe and Africa become so intermingled as they have in this island, which is one of the natural bridges between Europe and Africa. In addition to the Arabs and Saracens from Africa, nearly all the races of Europe, Cermans, Greeks have all at different times lived and ruled on the island. Near Palermo, for example, there are still the remnants of a colony of Albanians, a Slavic people who speak modern Greek, and worship after the fashion of the Eastern Church, and there are fragments and remnants of many other races still preserved in different parts of the island. My own experience has taught me, however, to distrust what I may call "racial explanations". They are convenient and easy to make, but too sweeping, and, practically, the effect of them is to discourage, any effort (Continued on Page Six.) PAGE BIX The Man Farthest Down (Continued from Page Five.) to improve. For example if some one discovers that the condition in which a people happens to be found at any given time is due to race; that is, constitutional, and in the blood, so to speak, then of course, there is not ing to do. If, however, it is due to environment education may help. The discussion and emphasis on the fact of race has been made the excuse, in the Southern States, for a good deaf of apathy and indifference in regard to the hopes and progress of the Negro. In fact, whenever I hear a politician in the South esk the rhetorical question "Can the Leopard change his spots?" I usually find that he is opposing the establishment of a Negro school or is discouraging some other effort to improve the condition of the Negro people. The real trouble with explanations of this kind is that, as soon as a man has made up his mind, for example, that a people, or class of people belong to a so-called 'inferior race' he is not inclined to support any kind of experiment, like the building of a school, that may prove that his explanation was mistaken. The real reason for the backward condition of Sicily is, in my opinion, not so much the intermixture of race as the neglect and oppression of the masses of the people. In 1861, when Sicily became a part of the Italian Confederation 90 per cent of the population were wholly unable to read or write. This means that at this time the people of Sicily were not much better off, as far as education is concerned, than the Negro slaves at the time of emancipation. It has been estimated that between five and ten per cent of the slaves could read and write. One of the first things the Italian government attempted to do, after annexation, was to reorganize the school system of Italy. But even under the new government, and with a compulsory education law on the statute books, progress has been slow. In 1881, twenty years later, more than 84 per cent of the population could neither read nor write and as late as 1901, for every hundred inhabitants of school age, more than seventy were illiterate. In practically the same period, that is, from 1866 to 1900, the Negro population in the United States reduced its illiteracy to 44.5 per cent of the population of school age, and for every 100 Negroes in the Southern States, 52 could read and write. Sicily has three universities, one in each of its three largest cities, Palermo, Catania, and Messina, but they are for the few and have in way connected themselves with practical interests and the daily life of the people. One result of the ignorance of the people is that in Sicily, where the educational qualifications exclude more persons than elsewhere from the suffrage, less than four persons in every hundred of the population vote. This is in accordance with statistics, which go back, however, to 1895. I have learned since I returned to America that a law has been passed, although it is not yet in operation, which will greatly extend the suffrage. At the same time a determined effort is being made to stamp out the secret political and criminal organizations. As near as I can make out, the Mafa seems to have grown up, in the first place, like the White Caps, the Night Riders, and the lynchers in our own country as a means of private vengeance. The people, perhaps because they despair and hated the government, preferred to settle their scores in the old barbaric fashion of private warfare. The consequence was that the small towns were divided by tribal or family feuds. Under such circumstances professional outlaws became of service either for the purposes of attack or defense. From conditions something like this what is known as the Mafa sprang. It is said that it was the rich fruit gardens of the "Shell of Gold" outside of Palermo, which gave the Mafia its secure foothold and eventually made that city the centre of its activity. In that region field guards were necessary in addition to the high walls, to keep thieves out of the plantations where the golden fruit ripened almost all the year round. I might, perhaps, say in passing, that there never was a time when it was necessary to erect walls or even fences to protect the crops from the Negro laborers on the plantations in the Southern States. When the cotton is being gathered in the fall, great quantities of it are left heaped up in the open fields but, even in those parts of the country where the black people represented seventy-five to ninety per cent of the population, I have never heard of guards being necessary to protect the crops. The only places in the South, so far as my knowledge goes, where anyone has attempted to protect the crops with a guard, has been the melon patches in the neighborhood of the towns and cities. In Sicily, however, the custom of building high walls and maintaining field guards to protect the crops from thieves is just as firmly established as that of erecting crosses and wayside shrines, where perhaps, the man who has just robbed master's field may stop and pray, that he not be caught. In the course of time these field guards in the neighborhood of Palermo became associated in a sort of clan or guild. In these guilds the most enterprising of the guards eventually became the leaders, and ruled those under them like tribal chiefs. Once established, these bands soon dominated the situation. No property owner dared install a guard without the consent of the chief. If he did he was likely to have his trees destroyed or his whole crop stolen. A guard who was not a member of the band was likely to be brought down some night with a shot from a wall or hedge. On the other hand, the mere knowledge that a certain plantation was under the protection of the Mafia was in itself almost sufficient to insure it from attack and this, because the Mafia, through all its devious connections with the lower and criminal classes, was much better able to ferret out and punish the criminals than the police. By making himself at the same time useful and feared in the community the chief of the Mafia soon began to get his hand in almost everything that was going on. He found himself called on to settle disputes. He mixed in politics and was secretly in the employ of rich and powerful men. In this way the Mafia, which was at the bottom largely a criminal organization, gained in time standing recognition in the community in some respects, not unlike. I imagine, that of Tammany Hall in New York. When the Mafia, under the name of the Black Hand, reached New York, however, it seems to have become a criminal organization, pure and simple. Those who have studied the history of this peculiar organization much farther than I have been able to do, say that in their opinion the Mafia or Black Hand will not long survive in America because there is in this country no such oppression of the poor by the rich and no such hatred and suspicion of the high by the low, as is the case in Sicily, to give it general support. In other words the Mafia, is dependent on class hatred and class oppression for its existence. Perhaps I can give some idea of what it is that embitters the poor man in Sicily, who is without property, education or opportunity, against the large property owners, the rich educated and ruling class. It is estimated by the Socialists that in Italy the laboring men pay 54 per cent of the taxes; business men and the professional classes pay 34 per cent while the class which lives upon rents and the income from investments of various kinds furnishes but 12 per cent of the revenues of the State. Italy has, I think, every kind and method of taxation which has ever been invented. There is an income tax, which varies between 7 1/2 and 20 per cent, though small incomes of less than one hundred dollars a year are exempt. The tax on landed property amounts to 30, 40 or even 50 per cent of the income. In addition to these there is the lottery, the State monopolies, the stamp tax and dog tax. Finally the municipal taxes on all kinds of feed stuffs which are brought into the town. This tax absorbs from 20 to 30 per cent of the laboring man's income. All these taxes, direct and indirect, are so arranged that the heaviest burden falls upon that portion of the community which is least able to bear it. For example, salt is a government monopoly in Italy and in 1901 the people of Italy paid $15,000 off salt which cost the government $1,200 to manufacture. The Italian government ships salt to America for the use of the Cloucester fishermen for fifty cents a barrel, of 280 lbs., or five and three-fifths pounds for a cent. This same salt costs the Italian, because of the monopoly of the government, four cents a pound. That is to say, twelve times what it costs in America. In order to protect this monopoly the government even goes so far as to station guards along the whole sea coast to prevent people from "stealing" sea water in baskets to obtain salt. Fortunately the State monopoly of salt does not extend to Sicily, but the principle of taxing the people according to their ability to pay, i the same there as elsewhere in Italy. As an illustration of the unfair way in which the taxes are levied in some parts of the country it is so that the donkey of the poor farmer is compelled to pay a tax, while the saddlehorse of the rich landlord goes free. In comparison with this, the Negro in the South hardly knows what taxes are. The Negro farmer, for example, has an inexhaustible market for his cotton, corn, pork and vegetables, and all the other farm vegetables that he can raise. Land is so cheap that a thrifty farmer can buy and pay for a farm within five or six years. Taxes on farm land are so low that the farmer hardly considers them in his yearly budget. Poor as some of the Negro schools are in some parts of the South they are vastly better and more numerous than those of the country people in Sicily. More than that, the government puts a tax either on rain or sunshine, and the Negro in the Southern States has plenty of both, which is not true of the Sicilian farmer, who has too much sunshine and not enough rain. So much is the farmer, in Sicily, in need of water that at certain times in the year it is said that wine is cheaper than water. Finally the Negro farmer, if he desires to take a load of produce to the town does not, as the case of Sicilian, meet a policeman on the outskirts of the city who takes one fifth of his cotton, corn, eggs, or whatever he happens to have away from him, before he will allow him to enter the town. One day while I was walking along the edge of the harbor in Catania I noticed a man who was at work mending a high wire netting, about twenty or thirty feet high, which extended along the edge of the water. I saw that it extended as far as I could see. Upon inquiry I learned that it was placed there to prevent the fishermen, whom I noticed constantly coming and going with their little sailing boats, from bringing their fish into the city without paying the tax. At the custons house, where the fisherman land I observed one of these fisherman, who had landed with a small quantity of fish, which he was carrying to the market near by, stop and fumble in his clothes, trying to find money enough to pay the tariff. When he could not find sufficient money to pay the sum demanded, he left two small fish behind with the collector to cover the amount of the tax. Upon inquiry I learned that it was the custom, when a fisherman did not have cash to pay the tax which the city imposed, to permit him to deposit a portion of his catch until he had sold the remainder. This poor man after he had disposed of the remainder of his fish, would therefore be compelled to return and redeem the two little fish he had left behind. In this cumbersome and expensive way is this vexatious tax collected in all the cities of Sicily. Fish is the cheapest and most abundant food the poor in the city can get to eat. The sea, just beyond their doors, is swarming with this kind of food. Nevertheless the city maintains an expensive army of officials to collect this miserable little tax upon the necessities of the poor. The yearly income of a laborers family in Catania is about 750 lire a year. Of this amount it has been reckoned that in the way of taxes upon food stuffs brought into the city, the laborer pays 150 lire, or one-fifth of his whole income. In spite of all that has been proposed and attempted to improve conditions in Sicily since that island became a part of the Italian Confederation, the government has failed, so far as I can learn, to gain the confidence, respect and cooperation of the masses of the people. Naturally, conditions which have grown up in the course of hundreds of years and have become fixed in the minds and habits of all classes of the people cannot be changed suddenly. The further I have looked into the situation in Sicily the more I am convinced that, different as it is in details the problem of Sicily is fundamentally the same as that which we have here to face in the Southern States since the war. It is in short, a problem of education, and by that I mean education which seeks to touch, to lift and inspire the man at the bottom, and fit him for practical daily life. In this opinion I find that I am in agreement with the members of the commission which was appointed by the Italian government in 1850 to investigate the condition of the peasants in Southern Italy, particularly in their relation to the landed proprietors. The report of the commission, which has been recently made, fills several large volumes, but the substance of it seems to be, as far as I can learn, that the root of the evil is in the ignorance of the rural population. One of the effects of Italian immigration to America will probably be the establishment of a popular school system for the people of the land. THE NEWS OF THE CAPITOL Poster Creek Oil & Gas Company, of Clarksburg, W. Va., to drill for oil and gas in Union district of Clay county. Authorized capital, $25,000. Incorporators: E. D. Brown, I. G. Roby, H. A. Leumon, C. H. King and Charles H. Hunsey, all of Uniontown, Pa. H. R. Fish Publishing Company, of Clarksburg, W. Va., to conduct newspaper and general printing office. Authorized capital, $5,000. Incorporators: H. R. Fish, M. D. Helmick, L. C. Queen, A. B. Howard and A. B. Fish, all of Clarksburg. The Outlook Farms Company, of Fairmont, W. Va., to lay out town site, construct sewers, build electric light plant, etc. Authorized capital $15,000. Incorporators J. M. Hartley, W. J. Wiegel, Glen F. Barnes, M. M. Necley and H. S. Hively, all of Fairmont. The Devol-Craig Company, of Huntington, W. Va., with chief works to be located in Guyandotte district of Cabela county, to do general decorating business. Authorized capital, $10,000, of which amount $2,300 has been subscribed and paid. Incorporators: Elmer C. Craig, Eva G. Craig, E. E. Devol, Jeanett S. Devol and William E. Craig, all of Huntington. Inland Steamship Company, of Hibbing, Minn., to operate steamships on Great Lakes, owning and selling vessels, etc. The authorized capital is $160,000, all of which has been subscribed and $18,000 paid. Incorporators: C. L. Hutchinson, W. I. McGoan, A. A. Augustus, F. S. Masten and Tracey H. Duncan, all of the Rockefeller building Cleveland. THE ADVOCATE National Inspection Bureau, of Des Moines, Iawe, a general reporting agency and secret service bureau, and to do a general printing and publishing business. The authorized capitaI is $120,000, of which $80,000 has been paid for the National Inspection Bureau of Chicago, Ill., and in addition $250.00 has been paid. The incorporators are Harry H. Rast, of 430 Old Colony building, Chicago; Edwin G. McIntire, Frank S Dunbee, G. E. MacKinnon, and A. J. Chevannes, all of Des Moines, Iowa. The Tri-State Amusement Company, of Follansbee, W. Va., to build and conduct amusement places, parks, etc. Authorized capital, $25,000, of which $4,500 has been subscribed and $450.00 paid. Incorporators: J. W. Thomas, M. K. Lott, Earl M. Godfrey, Thomas Godfrey and James Walmsley, all of Follansbee, W. Va. All the members of the supreme court of appeals have left the city and will not return until after the conclusion of the regular session which is now in progress at Charles Town. Clerk W. B. Mathews is among those who have gone and his assistant, Donald Blagg, has also gone. The session will not be a long one but hearing will be given to a number of important cases and work will be caught up so far as possible in preparation for the next term, which will be held here. During the recess period this summer the judges have had a great deal to do in disposing of matters which had been pending, but with all their work they have not been able to go over the evidence in more than 200 cases. It is not likely the business of the present term of the Supreme Court at Charles Town will be concluded before the middle of next week. No opinion will be returned by the court at this session, and only arguments in the cases docketed will be heard. The opinions will begin to accumulate at the October session which will be held in this city, probably about the middle of October. The date will be set at the conclusion of the present session. The docket for the term here will be prepared soon after the return home of Clerk W. B. Matthews. A large number of cases will be included in the list and that fact, together with the many opinions that are expected to be handed down will make the session an important one. M. J. Malamphy of the Governor's office, who is spending the summer with Governor Glasscock at White Sulphur Springs, has been here for a few days during the absence of Secretary Platt Brightwell at Morgantown, returned to White Sulphur Springs today. The Campbell Lumber Company, of Marlinton, John W. Campbell, president, has reduced its authorized capital from $250,000 to $125,000, and has had its charter amended to that effect. The Big Coal Company, of Pittsburg, Pa., which is headed by John H. Jones, a big Pennsylvania coal operator, and who has large coal holdings in this state and are now operating extensively in this state has reduced the authorized capital stock of the company from $200,000 to $1,000. The Pennsylvania Oil and Gas Co., of Clarksburg, W. Va., of which S. W. Shrader is vice president, has increased its authorized capital stock from 250 to 2,000 shares, making its capital $200,000 instead of $25,-000 as heretofore. The Federal Portland Cement Company, of Pittsburg, Pa., but incorporated under the laws of West Virginia, has surrendered its charter to the state through its president, John C. Dilworth. The Maryland Coal Company (of Maryland) as withdrawn from this State owing to the absorption of that company's holdings in this state by the Maryland Coal Company (of West Virginia. Official report has been made of the scores recorded in favor of the West Virginia rifle team which represented, at Camp Perry, last month, the brigade of national guards representing this state. The totals have already been recited in The Mail, showing that the total made by the entire team was 3027. The individual scores were such as to make the following named officers and men leaders in the respective shoots: Leutenant C. L. Burdette, having got the best sum total: Sgt. Bell, of the First Infantry, led at 200 yards with a score of 45, Sgt. Maj. Davis, of the Second Infantry, led with a score of 49 at rapid fire; Pvt. Fickey, of the First Infantry, led with 48 points at 600 yards and with 46 at 1,000 yards while Col. Jolliffee, of the First Infantry, led with a score of 98 points in the skirmish. The general average, however, left Lieut. Burdette in the lead for all the distances. The First Infantry got seven winning officers and men while the Second got six. It required a great deal of time yesterday afternoon to complete the work of the Board of Public Works which was held in the offices of the governor, but nothing of especial importance was introduced. Contract was let to the Coffey Plumbing Company for repairs on the pipes connecting the main building and the annex and renewal bonds were arranged by the banks throughout the state which have heretofore been delegated as repositories. Minor matters before the board were numerous and action was taken on all of them. The governor was present as were all the other members aside from Mr. Shawkey, the state super- ARE YOU WORKING FOR MONEY? OR IS YOUR MONEY WORKING FOR YOU? If you are working and saving your money and putting it in a bank where you get no interest, keeping it in a trunk or hiding it some where about your house—You Are Working for Money. If you are working and saving your money and investing it in a safe way, where it will be working day and night whether you are working or not, and making you least six per cent. interest — Your Money is Working For You. The Pythian Mutual Investment Association was organized in order to give us an opportunity to put the money we could save together and then put it to work. The above is a picture of our building on the Capitol Square in Charleston. We have just purchased a splendid three story brick building on one of the main business streets in the city of Huntington. The first floor is occupied by the Huntington Herald, the largest daily newspaper published in that section of the state, the second floor is used for office rooms, while the third floor is a large assembly and lodge hall. This building is sure to pay us well. After the Charleston building had been occupied only eight months our stockholders were paid a dividend or six per cent. Stock is still on sale at $10.00 per share, either paid up or on the installment plan. As your agent in your locality about it or write to this office. LET YOUR MONEY WORK FOR YOU PYTHIAN MUTUAL INVESTMENT ASSOCIATION HOTEL BROWN HOTEL BROWN 35 Rooms. Hot and Cold Baths. Lodging 50c Rooms by Week $2 to $3 ONE BLOCK FROM STATE HOUSE BEST HOTEL IN CHARLESTON 35 Rooms. Hot and Cold Baths. Lodging 50c Rooms by Week $2 to $3 ONE BLOCK FROM STATE HOUSE BEST HOTEL IN CHARLESTON in the interior of the state looking after some school matters and could not get back in time for the meeting. A notary commission has been issued to C. B. Fuquar, of Bluefield, through the office of the secretary of state. Paris, August 31.—The one hundredth anniversary of the birth of the celebrated poet and novelist, Theophile Gautier, was observed in Paris and generally throughout France today. There were anniversary exercises under the auspices of various literary societies, and in Paris a memorial edition of the author's works was brought out. Gautier was born in the south of France, August 31, 1811, but passed the greater part of his life in Paris. He died in this city December 23, 1872. -:- HO' A Popul 500 Capitol Street ING FOR MON WORKING FOR putting it in a bank where you get our house—You Are Working for investing it in a safe way, where making you least six per cent. organized in order to give us an o work. The above is a picture of chased a splendid three story brick on. The first floor is occupied by section of the state, the second and lodge hall. This building is paid up or or on the installment Y WORK FOR Y AL INVEST ATION REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS Bertha W. Dering and husband to Mary M. Spradling, tract in Union district; consideration $1,800. Miss Estella Green and Miss Annie Hutchinson have returned from Zanesville, Ohio. 73 Bell Residence Pho Office Phone 573 Belt JOHN C. ELLIS Physician CHARESTON, WEST VIRGINIA Office Hours 8 to 11, 1 to 4, 6 to 9 BROWN WN, Prop. or Colored People. --- THURSDAY, SEPTEMBER 7, 1911 FOR MONEY? MING FOR YOU? bank where you get no interest, keep- Are Working for Money. a safe way, where it will be working least six per cent. interest — Your order to give us an opportunity to put love is a picture of our building on old three story brick building on one door is occupied by the Huntington state, the second floor, is used for This building is sure to pay us months our stockholders were paid a the installment plan. Ask your K FOR YOU INVESTMENT WESTON, W. VA. The National Negro Business League met in Little Rock, Ark., August 16 to 20. With the League met the National Press Association, the National Banker's Association and the National Bar Association. An address of welcome was delivered by Governor George W. Donaghey. Residence Phone 1493 Home Office Room 5 K. of P. Building Cor. Washington & Dickinson Sts. Residence 413 Shrewsbury, St. OWN -:- d People. Charleston, W. Va. ---