The Broad Ax

THE BROAD AX HEW TO THE LINE. Many light-headed and simpleton Negroes have been thoughtless and weak-minded enough to convene in their various churches since the passing away of the late William McKinley, and have passed resolutions in favor of erecting a monument unto him for the sole purpose of proving to the world that they consider that Mr. McKinley was the greatest personage that ever occupied the White House. Yea, that he was the greatest benefactor of mankind and more especially of the Negro race; that his love for this despised race of people was far greater than all those noble spirits who have gone before him. It may be owing to the early training, or lack of training, on the part of the writer that we are unable to appreciate the true and the beautiful; be that as it may, but it can be said in all candor that for many years we have very diligently studied the career or the life of William McKinley, and in all honesty and fairness we are constrained to say it is far, yes, very far, beyond our ability or comprehension to arrive at any logical conclusion wherever any lawful act or deed was performed by him of sufficient importance to warrant the entire race to forever worship at the feet of the late President William McKinley or to erect a monument over his grave. The late President was for fourteen years a member of Congress, but we fail to find that while he was engaged in sitting in the halls of Congress that he ever championed open and above board one measure which was intend- entitles them to all the rights due to that relation and charges them with all the duties, obligations and responsibilities." This quotation from ex-President Cleveland's first inaugural address can be found on Page 302, Vol. VIII. of the Messages and State Papers of the Presidents. Compare these words with those of William McKinley and there is as much difference as there is between light and darkness, for President McKinley, always maintained that Negroes were as good as he was; that he enlisted in the war to fight for their freedom; that they were entitled to enjoy all the rights which he himself enjoyed; but before he pulled the vall aside and passed on into the next world, President McKinley, like President Roosevelt, was not in favor of cutting down Southern representation in Congress to the actual vote cast, which means that William McKinley was in favor of disfranchising the Negro. Is it for these things that the Negro cannot refrain from erecting a monument to his memory? President Grover Cleveland, in his second inaugural address (Page 389, Messages and State Papers of the Presidents) said: "Loyalty to the principles upon which our government rests, positively demands that the equality before the law which it guarantees to every citizen should be justly and in good faith conceded in all parts of the land. The enjoyment of this right follows the badge of citizenship wherever found, and, unimpaired by race or color, it appeals for recognition to American manliness and fairness." These are golden words; it is refreshing to read and re-read them; they fit the mouth much better than Mr. McKinley's twaddle in reference to mob and lynch law. They will as the ages roll by reflect far more credit upon ex-President Cleveland, than the words spoken by President McKinley, when he exclaimed on his tour throughout the South, that "the proudest day of his life was when the ex-rebel pinned the Confederate badge on the lapel of his coat." Let the silly and the foolish Negro abandon the idea of piling up a monument to the late President McKinley for he lacked the moral courage to speak out against the crimes and the outrageous wrongs heaped upon it, consequently he is deserving of no monument from the hands of the Negro. MISS GOLDMAN ON WILLIAM McKINLEY. Miss Emma Goldman contributed an article to the last issue of the "Free Society," the organ of the anarchists. Miss Goldman does not advocate nor believe in violence, but she is a very caustic writer, and what she says about the way the millionaires and the billionaires are trampling on the rights of the poor and the unfortunate is the absolute truth. In referring to the late President McKinley, Miss Goldman says: "Never before in the history of governments has the sound of a pistol shot so startled, terrorized and horrified the self-satisfied, indifferent, contended and indolent public as has the one fired by Leon Czolgosz, when he struck down William McKinley, President of the money kings and trust magnates of the country. Not that this modern Caesar was the first to die at the hands of a Brutus. Oh, no! Since man has trampled upon the rights of his fellowman, rebellious spirits have been affloat in the atmosphere. Not that William McKinley was a greater man than those who throned upon the fettered form of liberty; He did not compare either in intellect, ability, personality or force of character with those who had to pay the penalty of their power. Nor will history be able to record his extraordinary kindness, generosity and sympathy with those whom ignorance and greed have condemned to a life of misery, hopelessness and despair.* This entire article ought to be carefully read by the law-making powers and let them ask themselves if they have not assisted to spread anarchy throughout the country. HON. WILLIAM LOEFFLER. The straightforward and faithful City Clerk of Chicago, member of the Democratic State Committee of Illinois and the able leader of the West Side Democracy. The straightforward and faithful City Clerk of Chicago, member of the Democratic State Committee of Illinois and the able leader of the West Side Democracy. Our bond debts for railroads, for army subsistence, for water, lights, and the like, at usury are the most ruinous devices ever conceived and must end in universal bankruptcy. Just think for a moment on the nature HON. WILLIAM The straightforward and faithful Democratic State Committee of Illinois and Democracy. and operation of such debts. A bonded debt is made to build a factory, we will suppose. The debt carries interest. Now in time the factory, building, machinery, are worn out. Mill says: "All the capital of England except some ships and houses is exhausted in about twelve years and but for labor expended in repairs would have disappeared. Labor created and creates all of it." We know that it is true. New capitals replace the old, new debts are made and still the old debts stand drawing interest. Lord Brougham, warning England against this practice, spoke of debts existing and drawing interest, that were made a hundred years before to pay for wars of long before, as a strange anomaly. We are paying interest on billions of dollars for railroads, factory plants, water and light franchises, street car lines, all of which disappeared long ago and have been replaced by labor. Every hoop and stave of the barrel, all but the bung-hole, haye been repaired—not an atom of the original left and its value has been paid over and over by usury and still the bond debt is unpaid and a new debt made! The old debts for the old plants devoured by time still exist, drawing interest, while new ones are making. "Well, what would me have done otherwise?" is the question. I reply that the whole principal is wrong. Any community and government can do any public work by the use of its own credit, and never create a cent of debt for money, or example—this government can build roads all over the continent where needed, issue its own acceptances in payment and receive them back for railroad services. This has been done thousands of times by cities and communities and but for money speculators would always be done. But it has not been done. The world has been captured by a few usurers, countless millions of debt are now on the neck of labor. Labor pays for all, and is paying interest on debts created by past generations for armies and navies and various institutions long since perished. The very fact of the debt remaining alive and active long after its cause passed away ought to convince us that the practice is a blunder. The public credit has been neglected and despised and given away to greedy capitalists to sport with and prey on the public. HOLT. --- ONE-EYED BEN TILLMAN AND HIS SHOTGUN POLICY. Mr. Ben Tillman, the senior United States senator of South Carolina, has for years been strolling around the country and at times wagging his tongue and the floor of the United M LOEFFLER. City Clerk of Chicago, member of the and the able leader of the West Side States Senate, telling his hearers how the white people of his state got control of the election machinery in South Carolina. According to Mr. Tillman's own statements, he is now holding his seat in the Senate by reason of the fact that after illegally disfranchising all the South Carolina "niggers," that he and his murderous and thieving colleagues and followers reasonably could, they then proceeded to bar all others from the ballot box by shooting down a few, in order to get and retain control of the election machinery in his state. Mr. Tillman has publicly admitted this damnable and barbarous, but truthful shame more than once, and just why the powers in Washington that be do not unseat this vulgar and murderous blackguard is a mystery to us. To our mind Mr. Tillman's kind and policy is the direct cause of the shooting down of President McKinley; and if President Roosevelt and his advisers desire to see law and order reign supreme in this, the land of the free (?) and the home of the brave (?), they will have to hurry and call a halt on Mr. Tillman and his kind, who advocate the shotgun policy in order to keep the Negro from the polls. What is sauce for the goose should and must be sauce for the grander, and if a halt is not called and these cowardly lynchers and burners are not told to STOP, some one in the person of a black man may soon be heard advocating and advising the same thing against the white race that Mr. Tillman has been advocating against his Afro-American brothers. It's up to President Roosevelt and his advisers.—The Times, Denver, Col. The grand old party of tax-dogers, and corruption would call down the blessings of all the big and little gods if its leaders would in 1904 select for its standard bearers Col Timberline Roosevelt, for president and the greatest of all blatterskites Ben Riproaring Tillman for vice-president. Roosevelt and Tillman linked together like angels of purity would unite the Lilly White Republicans and Demo-Republicans of the South with the Lilly White Republicans of the North—then it would be no trouble to heave the colored Republicans overboard or whip them into line and threaten to re-enslave them unless they shouted for Roosevelt and Tillman. ```markdown ``` SPECIAL NOTICE. Mr. D. Goodlowe Smith, one of Chicago's wide-awake young men, has been appointed general agent for the Colored American Magazine, of Boston. An office has been opened at 3235 State St., and will be open every day from 8 A. M. to 6 P. M. Good agents are wanted. Yearly or monthly subscriptions will receive prompt attention. Prompt in delivery. Magazine can always be found on sale there or at C. C. McLain, 420 Dearborn St.; W. Monroe, 486 State St.; J. Lewis, 1204 State St.; H. Brown, 2834 State St.; T. Tervalon, 2826 State St.; E. Faulkner, 2938 State St.; Rankin's Drug Store, 36th and State St.; G. Buchanan, 5024 Dearborn St.; J. Love, 336 27th St.; E. Felix, 368 30th St.; Mrs. Blackwell, 518 Orleans St., N. Side, and Miss McMunay, 144 N. Spaulding St., W. Side. Call around and give this esteemable "Negro magazine" your support. CHIPS. W. H. Musham, chief of the fire department, left for Philadelphia Wednesday. He will spend ten days in the East. Lieutenant G. E. Campbell and R. B. Cabbell are attending the State Fair at Springfield this week. They will return on Sunday, Oct. 6. Judging by the latest reports the war in the Philippine Islands is still raging, for only a few days ago 48 American soldiers were killed and many wounded. Alderman Chas. J. Boyd's record in the city council is untarnished but Alderman Boyd must work early and late from now on, for the boys are after him. Attorney S. A. McElwee, left for Nashville last Friday night where he will spend ten days and when he returns to the city he will bring Mrs. McElwee and the children with him. Capt. John J. Bradley seems to be gaining ground every day for alderman from the 30th ward anl all the big and little leaders who are unfriendly to Alderman Chas. J. Boyd may unite upon John J. Bradley. Mr. John T. Keating and Congressman William F. Mohony have recently remodeled and re-furnished their place of business, 164 S. Clark St., and they now have one of the finest and largest sample rooms in the city. John B. Parker, a Negro, was the first to knock down and disarm the assassin of President McKinley. Then, too, Parker's race were the first and only ones to be ignored Thursday last on the oration memorial committee. Pity, but 'tis true.—The Times, Denver, Col. Harry J. Rogers, it is claimed intends to pile up six thousand dollars which he will turn loose later on in the aldermanic contest of the 30th ward. Harry has got the dough and he will make Joe Schran, Frankhawk Murphy and the other cheap guys hunt their holes between now and ground-hog day. Wm. L. Grahan, who is one of the bright young lawyers of the Town of Lake, is still being urged by his many steadfast friends to become a candidate for alderman. Mr. Gahan resides in the south end of the 30th ward and if he is nominated he is bound to be elected. The three or four hundred Afro-American Democrats of this city have combined and decided to issue a weekly newspaper as the official organ of Negro Democracy. We learn that the first issue is now on the press and we take this opportunity of welcoming it upon the sea of journalism.—The Times, Denver, Col. Ed. Cooper, Washington, D. C., boasts that "he has become so hardened in wrong doing and in robbing those who had regarded him as an honorable man that he does not care if he classed with thieves and deadbeats" bully boy Ed., and unless you remit to us eight dollars and 35 cts, we will conclude that you are troubled with the shorts. Prof. M. M. Mangasarian begins his winter course of lectures at the Grand Opera House Sunday morning, Oct. 6, he will speak on "The American State," and touch upon the assassination of President McKinley, the Prof. will also quote from the debate on Anarchy between Huxley and Spencer. One week from Sunday he lectures on "The American Home." Denis J. Leahy, Esq., who lives at the Lexington Hotel, and who is a wealthy member of the Chicago Stock Exchange, may become the candidate of the Tilden Democracy for alderman in the First Ward. Mr. Leahy has also been mentioned by his friends as being the proper person to be invested with the legislative honors in his district. The Tilden Democracy of the Second Ward held another meeting at Arlington Hall on Tuesday night. State Chairman John P. Hopkins, Justice James C. Martin and several others delivered short talks. Something over nine hundred names have been added to the membership roll. Twenty colored Democrats attended the meeting and became members of the club. The Tilden Democracy organizes in the 30th ward this evening. The meeting will be held at Corchan's Hall, and if all signs do not fall Mr. John Breen, who represents the Anglo-American Provision and Packing Company on the Board of Trade will be chosen as permanent chairman and William F. Gorman, dealer in real estate and fire insurance agent, will become permanent secretary. Mr. M. J. Walsh, who came very near running in ahead of Alderman McInerney last Spring, is being groomed by his backers and friends to enter the aldermanic race against Alderman Charles J. Boyd, or whoever is chosen to hold up the end of Democracy. Mr. Walsh thinks he can skin any man in the 30th ward for alderman in the spring outside of Capt. John J. Bradley or Thomas Vaughan. Bob Motts, 2700 State St., and Col. W. F. Taylor, have been mentioned for legislative honors on the Republican side of the fence. It is very doubtful if Mr. Taylor would accept the nomination for most of his time would be taken up in explaining his connection with the young lady and the hundred dollar Mill, and Deacon Edward H: Morris ought not to force the nomination on Bob Motts, for Mr. Motts must devote his spare time in looking after crap and other games. George J Terrell, the straw-baller and the tin-horn gambler of the Town of Lake lumes up with his old out-of-date plug-hat like a tar-heel and the end monkey in a minstrel show. George still maintains that his pull is so strong with the powers, that the honest and decent people residing near his Hy Henry Club cannot close up his seven-come-eleven crap game. Look out old film-flamer and cheap skinner, George, the people may fool you by and by. Benton Kingsbury, an Afro-American who had lived with his wife at Waukegan for two or three years, eloped from that place last week with Miss Bertha Barr, a beautiful young white women, who is just 19 years old. Kingsbury and his white love are living in Chicago in grand style. When Miss Barr is 21 years of age she inherits two thousand dollars from her mother's estate. Kingsbury drew two hundred dollars from the bank when he deserted his wife and Mrs. Kingsbury hopes he will never return. There is a term frequently used that causes a Negro to feel bad at times, and that term eminates most freely from the lips of those who dislike it most. Wht we have reference to it the word "nigger," which invariably is used too freely by the Negro in speaking to or of a contemporary. It pains you to have a white man call you "nigger" and at the same time you use the term almost continually when talking. Begin at home and cease using the word, and then don't use it on the streets and the opposite race will not delight in using it to such an extent. Call your friend by his name; don't say "hello nigger." First learn to respect yourself and then others will respect you.—The Plaindealer, Topeka, Kans. Will presulgate and at all times uphold the true principles of Democracy, but Parmagus, Catholicism, Protestantism, Knights of Labor, Inclads, Mormone, Republicana, Priests, or any no one can have their say, so long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Brand Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. One Year.....$0.00 Months.....1.00 advertising rates made known on applications during all communications to THE BROAD AX. 9010 ARMOUR AVENUE, CHICAGO. JULIUS F. TAYLOR, Editor and Publisher. In four-fifths of the hotels and receive no pay, and are expected to live taurants of Germany the waiters re- on their tips. The railroads of Holland are so carefully managed that the accidental deaths on them average only one a year for the entire country. The Ruskin commonwealth of socialists at Waycross, Ga., has failed, according to a dispatch to the New York Sun. Only three families remain, the others having departed for the North and West. Their printing outfit is advertised for sale and the land will go the same way. This will wipe out the last vestige of the colony, which went from Tennessee two years ago. The compliments of the Companion to fifteen millions of boys and girls who again take their seats in the schoolrooms and pick up their books! A most respectful bow to the four hundred thousand teachers whose summer vacation should send them back to their sacred task with freshened energy and joyous enthusiasm! And three times three for the public schools of America! A lively scrap between a clergyman and a layman was witnessed at a baptizing ceremony in Stanchfield Lake, Minn. George Tomlinson had agreed to be baptized there by the Rev. Mr. Orrock, but his nerve deserted him at the last moment. The clergyman attempted to use force, and there was a struggle, the convert angrily resisting. After a prolonged contest, the minister succeeded in ducking the unwilling convert in three feet of muddy water. The death is announced at Genoa, at the age of 98, of Pierre Maurier, a Frenchman, who lived on the Island of Elba when Napoleon took up his compulsory residence there in April, 1814. Pierre remembered hearing the news towards the end of February, 1815, that the Emperor, with over 1,000 followers, had smiled away in feluccas bound for Provence. The lad used to carry eggs and fruit to the kitchen of the Emperor and one day that famous potentate caught him stoning a dog and sharply reproved him. Maurier was presented to Victor Emmanuel in 1863 and the King was much interested when he heard from Pierre's own lips his memories of the great Napoleon. Figures may not lie, but they are often disappointing. Census figures, especially, are apt to fall below what is expected of them. The recent census of Canada shows a population of 5,328,832, which is an increase of 505.594 over the total of 1891. The gain of about ten per cent in ten years seems to many Canadians a meager result of a decade of prosperity, and of energetic efforts to promote immigration. But it is the rule nowadays that city populations grow faster than rural, and Canada has few cities. Only eighteen places in the Dominion have more than ten thousand inhabitants. But there remains the consolation that not all the elements of national greatness are measured by a count of heads. Several articles of jewelry embedded in the flesh were discovered in the making of an autopsy on the body of Paul Shirvell, a Russian, who was killed in a mine in Pennsylvania. In the leg was a miniature dumbbell, about the size of a cuff button. In each instance the jewelry had been fastened in the man's flesh, which had grown over the article, completely hiding it from view. On the body of Frank Lorenz, who committed suicide at White Haven recently, was found similar ornaments embedded in the flesh. It is believed Lorenz and Shirvell were political exiles from Siberia, and that the fastening of jewelry in their bodies was a part of the punishment inflicted by prison authorities. Commodore Perry is a name high in honor in the United States navy, having been the title of two famous brothers—Oliver Habard and Matthew Calbraith Perry. On September 10th, eighty-eight years ago, the elder brother, a young lieutenant who had never seen a naval fight, fought that fierce Battle of Lake Erie, which saved the Northwest to the United States and gave the world the dispatch: "We have met the enemy and they are ours." Forty-eight years ago last July the younger brother janded in Japan with a message from the president which practically opened that country to the world. The Matthew Perry monument recently unveiled at Kurihama, Japan, is a shaft thirty-three feet high made of a rate native stone and bearing an inscription in gold written by Marquis Ito. A dense crowd of natives witnessed the ceremonies, both Japanese and American battleships fired salutes from the harbor, and one of the speakers was Rear Admiral Beardslee, who, as a midshipman under Perry, was present at the original entry. Three, seven and nine appear to have been the favorite numbers all the world over. The ancients had three fares, three furies and three graces; Neptune's trident had three prongs, Jupiter's thunderbolt three forks and Cerberus three heads. We have three estates of the realm, a man who accepts a bill has three days' grace and three persons congregated together may make a riot. Shakespeare was well aware that he must have neither more nor less than three witches in "Macbeth," and that the brindle cat must mew thrice, and our popular folklore insists upon three merry men, three blind mice and three wise men of Gotham. Three meals a day is the usual scale of feeding. Of a more mystical character than three is the figure seven, or, at any rate, it has a larger number of religious applications. Noah had seven days' warning of the coming of the flood, and when it came he took fowls by sevens and clean beasts by sevens into the ark; the ark touched on Mount Ararat in the seventh month, and after seven days a dove was sent out, followed seven days afterward by another. In Pharaoh's dream there were seven fat and seven lean kine, which Joseph interpreted to mean seven years of plenty and seven years of famine. At the destruction of Jericho seven priests bore seven trumpets seven days, and on the seventh day they walked round the city seven times, after which the walls fell. In the apocalypse almost everything is seven, except the number of beasts. There are seven churches, seven golden candlesticks, seven lamps before seven spirits, the book with seven seals, the lamb with seven horns and seven eyes, seven angels with seven seals, seven kings, seven thunders, seven thousand slain, the dragon with seven heads and seven crowns, seven angels bring seven plagues, and there are seven vials of wrath. In merely secular matters seven occurs frequently enough. We have seven wonders of the world, seven champions of Christendom, seven sleepers, seven wise men, seven planets, seven deadly sins, seven ages of man, and our ordinary leases are made for seven or a multiple of seven years. But however mystically significant three and seven may be, they cannot lay claim to any such peculiarities as are the property of the figure nine. That the ancients had nine muses, nine rivers in the infernal regions, a hydra with nine heads and nine gods for Lars Porsena to swear by, or that in modern times nine tailors to make a man, or that possession is nine points of the law, are facts that pale into insignificance after one has sat down with pencil and paper to investigate some of the special peculiarities of the figure nine. For instance, if you multiply nine by any other number you will find that the figures composing the product when added together will always amount to nine. IN A HASHEESH DEN. German's Visit to a Resort Where Men Smoke Their Reasons Away. A German physician describes his first visit to a den of hasheesh smokers in Cairo, Egypt, hasheesh being a species of hemp prized in the east for its intoxicating properties. The German's guide was a donkey boy, who could speak German. In a dark and dirty alley they came to a lighted doorway. Entering they passed through a room filled with men playing dominoes to the smoking-room. "Here," said the explorer, "we were welcomed like old acquaintances. The aromatic odor and the smokers were in a very happy mood. On the walls were Arabic inscriptions and pictures of European beauties. In one corner was a stone bearing a mass of glowing coals. "A man cut up some tobacco, another filled a clay pipe bowl with it, a third bit off little pieces of brown hasheesh and laid them down on the tobacco, a fourth added some glowing coals and attached the bowl to a narghilch or water pipe, which he then handed to his neighbor. The pipe passed from mouth to mouth, each man taking a few whiffs and expelling the smoke from nose to mouth." The German physician declined the proffered smoke and ordered coffee. All the smokers talked and laughed incessantly. Most of them were young or middle-aged men. Suddenly an elderly man rose to his feet and stood staring at the floor, with a vacuous smile. He was a hasheesh wreck, an imbecile. "He is a philosopher," said one of the others, and a general laugh followed. Is Montana creeping into Idaho and Wyoming? There is some evidence on the affirmative side of the question, but not enough to cause alarm in any of the three states. Still, for several years it has been known that there is some trouble with Montana's foundations, which are slipping, and leaving evidence of the fact on the surface of the ground. Railway companies have found quite plain and strange twists in the alignment of their roads, and civil engineers have found "bench marks" changing their elevations in a confusing manner. Quite recently these reasonably suspected movements have become apparent, and left large cracks in the earth at several points in the city of Butte extending for a number of feet, and being in extreme cases 12 inches wide. The effect of this is not only to throw railways out of line, but to cause much more serious damage to gas pipas and water mains. THE SOURCE OF THE RIVERS OF ALE (Special Letter.) The world's most historic valley is that through which the river Jordan winds its tortuous course. From its narrow defile where the headwaters of the river gush in a thousand bubbling rills from among the stones of the cave of Pan, through marshy plains to its wide stretches of land around the Dead sea, it is replete with names familiar to every one who has read history, either sacred or profane. On the mountains, whose shadows fall over the valley, Moses received the law from God and centuries later Christ passed through its highways and its byways, through its populous cities and fertile fields, preaching and teaching the lessons with which all the civilized world is now familiar. It is the scene of the lifework of the greatest teacher and leader of men that humanity has ever known. Herein He was adored and worshiped, scoffed at and jeered at, tempted and threatened. In this valley, He cured the sick, raised the dead to life, made profound thinkers of humble fishermen, stilled the tumultuous waters of the sea with His footstep and wiped out the stain of original sin with the agony of Gethesemane and the darkness which closed around the tragedy of Calvary fell upon the winding Jordan. Long Before the Coming of Christ, even before the prophets told of the future advent of the Messiah, events which make history were transpiring along the banks of the Jordan. Wars raged, cities rose and fell, and governments were established and shattered. The soil was fertile and the region rich and populous. Phoenecians, Greeks and Romans came and conquered at different times and the hosts of the Persians and the Syrians spread it with waste and desolation. But it always recovered from the attacks of the invaders and during the life of Christ teemed with humanity and blossomed with fertility. Now there is little of the old life in the valley. A scanty supply of fish would reward the fisherman who might cast his net, the flocks are few and scattering, the fields are barren of the lilies and there are but few evidences that this was once a garden spot of the world. The mountains still rise in their majestic splendor, the Jordan cashes as of yore over precipices and rolls sluggishly through marches, Galllee often lashes into fury as it did when the Master bade it be quiet and the Dead sea shimmers in the sunlight, but the spirit and the life of the valley are gone. War, pestilence, earthquake and time have contributed to the surrounding scenes of ruin. The valley of the Jordan stretches from north to south in the eastern part of Palestine. The river is formed from the waters of springs Gushing From the Lebanon Mountains and Mount Hermon. For a number of miles its course is through a wildly picturesque country. Mountains tower above either side and the stream dashes over dizzy precipices and through deep and rocky chasms. It varies greatly in width and depth. In some places it is not more than fifty yards wide and from three to seven feet deep. Its source is about 1,700 feet above the Mediterranean sea, but where it flows into the Dead sea it is 1,316 feet below this level. In a direct line from its source to its mouth it is 120 feet miles long, but its course is so winding that within a soace of sixty miles long and from four to five miles broad it traverses at least 200 miles, and during this time plunges over twenty-seven formidable rapids. Before it spreads into Lake Meron, now called Hulch, it struggles through a morass which is thickly overgrown with papyrus. On leaving this lake the river is sluggish and turbid, but is soon purified and becomes a torrent rushing between small islands and rocks thickly set with oleanders. About two miles below Lake Meron is Jacob's Bridge, where Jacob on his return from Mesopotamia is said to have crossed. It was built after the crusades. About thirteen miles below this bridge, the stream enters Lake Tiberias, or Gennesaret, more familiarly known as The Sea of Gallilee. About this tiny inland sea which is only about seventeen miles long and from six to nine miles wide, and environed by the retiring hills, the most sacred scenes of history were enacted. From the treeless shores, bare rocks and meadowless inclines now rise. Its natural beauty is in no way remarkable, but the associations surrounding it lend a fascinating charm. Its eastern side is now infested by Bedouins whose homes are among the ruins of Boziah and who are as remorseless invaders as any who lived in the time of Gideon. The western coast is now a comparative waste, with but a few hamlets, in place of the once densely populated region. Here lived that hardy race of mountaineers, an energetic, remarkable people, favored by Jesus, and industrious, skillful and valorous. At any time they were ready to muster 100,000 men to defend Galilees against the Romans. On the shores of this sea Andrew and Peter dwelt, mended their net and landed their fish. There four of the disciples were summoned to become "fishers of men." In the surface of the sea is mirrored the mountain from which Jesus spoke to the multitude. On this sea floated the boat from the deck of which the Great Teacher spoke to the multitudes on the shore and around it rise the same mountains which echoed His voice. The waters are the same as those upon which He walked in the "fourth watch of the night" and winds, similar to those He bade "Be still," are casting waves upon the shores. Most of the cities in which he performed His mighty works are in ruins and the multitudes and the jealous Herod and his hosts are gone, but His word still remains. Issuing from the southern extremity of the lake, the Jordan enters a broad valley, which is designated in the Bible as the plain. Its width varies from five to ten miles. From Galilee to the Dead sea no bridge spans the stream. Its course is through a deep chasm or fissure in the earth's crust. it is very shallow, its depth not exceeding three or four feet. This body of water, which marks the southern boundary of the valley, is one of the wonders of the world. It lies between the mountains of Moab on the east and those of Hebron on the west. The locality is that of the ancient vale of Siddim, which Lot selected when parting from Abraham. The sea is supposed to have been formed by an earthquake, accompanied by volcanic action. The valley appears to have sunk to a great depth and the waters of the Jordan flowing in produced the sea which was made intensely salt by the saline strata exposed to their action. In this great catastrophe the cities of Sodom and Gomorrah were destroyed and it is supposed to have taken place about 1,900 years before the mission of Christ. In this mysterious body of water is lost the river which drains the valley of the Jordan, the land which will forever live in story because it was the scene of the labors of Him who promised eternal life. Charity gives itself rich and covetousness hoards itself poor. He Is Said to Be Penniless But of Good Family, Being a Descendant of Napolean's Prime Minister the Duce de Tallyrand. Miss Helen Morton, the third and most beautiful daughter of ex-Gov. Levi P. Morton, of New York, is going to marry into one of the proudest families of France, as her engagement to Count Boson de Perigord indicates. The count is a son of the Duke and Duchess de Tallyrand and de Sagan, and himself heir to a title and estates enormously valuable, not only in point of money, but especially for historical association. When her chosen husband becomes duke the present Miss Morton will outrank every titled American in France except the Duchess de la Rochefoucald. Ever since the time Mr. Morton was the United States minister to France Miss Helen, then a little girl, has proclaimed her intention to marry a Frenchman. Two years ago the family was much distressed over her infatuation for a penniless and rather roguish young French diplomat she had met at Florence. It was surmised, although the girl yielded to family entreaties and broke the engagement, that she had remained secretly faithful to her first love. Miss Morton is an accomplished young woman and beside being a thorough musician is the mistress of several languages. She has traveled extensively in Europe and has figured somewhat in the fashionable world of Paris. She is an adept at outdoor sports and is a capital whip, golfer and tennis player. When her father was governor of New York state Miss Morton was a particular favorite at 1 MISS HELEN MORTON. Albany and took an active part in the entertainments and charitable works connected with the Protestant Episcopal Church of All Saints in that city. START OF THE VANDERBILTS. Wife of the American Founder of the Family Kent a Hotel. A woman played a large part in laying the foundation of the fortunes of the house of Vanderbilt. The first Cornelius Vanderbilt married at the age of 20, and a year later became captain of a small steamboat plying between New York and New Brunswick, N. J. Passengers were numerous and many persons went to New Brunswick and back by boat for the pleasure of the trip. Others, when the boat reached New Brunswick, got into stages and were driven across the state to another steamer, which took them down the Delaware. Of course, they wanted something to eat, and here Mrs. Vanderbilt saw her opportunity. New Brunswick's hotel, or half-way house, was dirty and ill-kept. Mrs. Vanderbilt suggested to her husband that they should take the hotel, refit it, and run it in a style that would attract guests. Vanderbilt leased the hotel; but, as the scheme was his wife's he told her she might run it and have the profits. Mrs. Vanderbilt overhauled the house and named it Bellona Hall, after the steamship Bellona, which her husband then commanded. The fame of Bellona Hall soon spread to New York, and parties were made up to visit it, because of the excellent fare to be found there. It also increased the profits of the line for which Capt. Vanderbilt worked, and his salary was increased to $2,000 a year. Mrs. Vanderbilt for twelve years managed Bellona Hall, with profit to herself and pleasure to her guests. Poisoning in India In the Middle Ages the generally accepted way to get rid of an enemy was to poison him. That the practice has not been entirely discontinued is proved by the record of a year's poisoning cases in the Bombay Presidency, India, where the practice is still extensive. Arsenic is the favorite agent, probably owing to the facility with which it can be procured and the rough similarity of the symptoms produced by it to those of disease. Maj. Barry records one case where two beggars were drugged with opium in order that they might be robbed of eight annas (8d). The medico-legal cases referred to in the report only show the cases which are brought to light, but it is a common opinion that the crime of poisoning is excessively frequent. These remarks apply to nearly all parts of India. Copper, cerbera, dhatura, mercury, phosphorus and ground glass are other poisons selected. One horse power, as established among engine makers, is the capacity to raise 32,000 pounds one foot per minute. As this estimate was based upon the capacity of the huge draft horses of London, it is about twice the average power of a horse. NEARLY TWO MILES DEEP. Wisconsin Mine, the Shaft of Which Is to be Sunk 10,000 Feet. It will require a deep shaft to develop a mine to the west of the Tamarack, in Wisconsin—a shaft of nearly two miles in depth—but in view of the wonderful strides made in deep mining in the past decade it is not beyond the range of possibilities that such a shaft may be started soon. Fifteen years ago the sinking of No. 1 Tamarack to a vertical depth of 2,270 feet made a new world's record, and the men who sunk it were denounced as Junatics until the phenomenal success closed the mouths of their detractors. The bottoming of the Red Jacket shaft only a few years ago, at a depth of 4,000 feet, was regarded with wonder, and held by many to be the ultimate limit in deep mining, yet today the No. 5 of the Tamarack lacks but a month's work of being a full 5,000 feet in depth, and the hoisting plant just installed is built for service to a depth of 6,000 feet—nearly three times the depth at which the original Tamarack shaft cut the lode, although then denounced as a crazy undertaking by some of the best mining men in the district. If the planned limits of deep mining have been extended to almost three times their original bounds within less than two decades, the jump from 6,000 to 10,000 feet is not such an impossible one as now seems to many. A shaft two miles in depth could be sunk in 10 years, at a cost, including equipment, of $2,000,000 or $3,000,000. In other words, a two-mile shaft could be sunk and equipped at about the same cost and in the same time as the Red Jacket shaft, which lacks a little of a mile in depth. There is really but one serious drawback to the sinking of a two-mile shaft, and that is the question of ventilation. At such great depth the heat would be very great. The developments of the next two years in No. 5 Tamarack will settle the question of whether a two-mile shaft could be operated to advantage. That it could be sunk is no longer open to question. At the deep vertical shafts of the Calumet district powerful fans are used to reinforce the natural system of ventilation obtaining in all deep mines that have more than a single shaft. In the case of the hypothetical two-mile shaft, the single opening could be made to serve the purpose of two shafts by making the different compartments air tight and using one of them for the down cast and the other for an up cast, or chimney, to withdraw the heated air from the mine. The compressed air from the power drills is also a powerful factor in mine operations at great depths, as air gives up much of its heat under compression, and when released quickly robs the surface of the surrounding rock and the free air in the mine of a portion of their heat. TAXATION IN EUROPE. Italians the Most Heavily Burdened People in the World. Britishers are not so heavily taxed as other European peoples, says a London paper. The taxes which the Italians pay are a positive nightmare. An Italian pays in taxes 22 per cent of his earnings, compared with the Britisher's 9.3. The population of Italy is 10,000,000 less than that of Great Britain, and yet the income tax in the former country is made to produce as much as in the United Kingdom. An even more striking comparison is that between Russia and Italy. Russia has a population of 93,000,000; Italy has only 30,000,000, and yet the total amount of the income tax is the same in both countries. Italy has a debt of £500,000,000, which is growing at the rate of £14,000,000 a year. The only way the Italians can escape the taxation is to emigrate, and this they are doing in considerable numbers. In France each inhabitant pays 11s. a year more than anyone lucky enough to be living in the United Kingdom. Moreover, an Englishman's earnings are greater than those of a Frenchman: The latter devotes 13.6 per cent of his income to maintaining his country. The German is much better off than his Gallic neighbor. He pays in taxes nearly 30s. a year less, or only 10.4 of his earnings. Another proof of the prosperity of Great Britain is that, whereas each subject of the fatherland contributes £1 a year less to the revenue than an Englishman, he really parts with one per cent more of his wages. Hollanders are more heavily taxed than Britishers. Substantial taxes are imposed on such necessaries as sugar, salt, soap and beef. The result is that each resident in the country of canals must needs set aside 15.1 per cent of his income to meet the requirements of the national expenditure. When girls are being chosen for the new government telephone service in London the educational examination sinks into insignificance before the phyalological test. No girl will be employed if she is below 5 feet 2 inches high in her stocking feet. She must possess good hearing, have no defect of speech, and must be tested by viva voce examination, in which particular attention is to be paid to articulation, pitch of voice and general self-possession. Any candidate showing any indication of nervousness, hysteria, want of self-possession or a strongly-marked twang is rejected. I would rather find a true friend than a gold mine or a new star. LONG AGO I once knew all the birds that came And nested in our apple trees; For every flower I had a name— My friends were woodchucks, toads and bees. I knew what thrived in yonder glen, What plants would soothe a stone- brushed toe. Oh, I was very learned then. But that was very long ago. I knew the spot upon the hill Where checkberries could be found; I knew the rushes near the mill Where pickerel lay that weighed a pound! I knew the wood—the very tree Where lived the poaching, suncy crow, And all the woods and crows knew me, But that was very long ago. And pining for the joys of youth I tread the old familiar spot; Only to learn this solemn truth; I have forgotten—am forget. Yet there's this youngster at my knee Knows all the things I used to know; To think I once was wise as he— But that was very long ago. I'd wish to be a boy again, Back with the friends I used to know; For I was O! so happy then— But that was very long ago. The Arbiter. BY ELIZABETH CHERRY WALTZ. (Copyright, 1901, by Dally Story Pub, Co.) From a low cottage door on a green mountain slope Else looked wonderingly across the narrow creek valley. There, evidenced by black openings on different levels, in scars and seams, in grimy elevators and sheds were the coal mines. In front were tramways, separators, great chutes where all day coal crashed and rumbled down into black cars. Here it was suddenly still and the noise of a great commotion came instead. The pit mouths gave up men instead of coal and they shouted and threw up their hands excitedly. There was no fear of an explosion. She knew that excitement. This was something unclassified. Why had the mines quit at three o'clock in the afternoon? Had any of the men been hurt or murdered? Was it her father or brother? Was it Danny Brownell? Then her heart beat fast. She saw many women running down the cliff path, hatless and with their babies in their arms. Else, long limbed and youthful, caught up with Lige Fletcher's wife, who was trying to hurry with her three-months old twins. "Gimme one," breathed Else, then ran, down and up, one of the first to reach the level where the men were gathered. "What is it, men? What's up?" Willie, her tall brother of fifteen, ran toward her. "Boss gi' Danny his time 'long o' the mule." "Danny?" "An' we've quit!" yelled a bystander; "we've quit, six hun'nerd o' us, 'tell Danny goes back!" "Te'll he goes back," mumbled an old doorkeeper. "Danny's a good lad." Else singled out Lige Fletcher in the crowd. She thrust the twin upon him forcibly. "Her's comin' below," she explained, "but I mus' stan' by my lad." She pushed through the excited crowd of men to the pit mouth. The cars were running out filled with miners, black, half-blind, curious. A word and they shouted with the rest. "We mus' ha' Danny back!" The mine boss leaned against a post, big, brutal and scowling. "Then he'll go in and fetch out Crazy Bill!" he cried, "an' lick 'im good before me. He's been mean all day. Dan Brownell's foolish about the mule. Back to work, men!" But an ominous growl ran through the crowd. Else slipped up behind Danny, so confident and handsome. He replied in words that stirred her heart. "I'll not whip the mule in or out," said he, "for he will soon get over his stubborn spell. If he'll come out quiet I'll fetch him out, as I don't wish to see the men in trouble on my account." "Never mind us!" yelled the crowd, "an don't beat the mule. Crazy Bill is the safest mule we got in the mine." No one missed Else. The mine boss ```markdown ``` had telephoned the office force in the valley below and an excited group was coming up. Shotgun barrels flashed in the sunlight. Danny laughed good naturally. "We'll all be shot, boys, 'long o' that Crazy Bill. Stand together. Here comes that whole coal company!" Hostilities were for a moment suspended in the pleasure of watching the office force run up the hot slope. Seeing reinforcements at hand the mine boss seized Danny by the collar. "Here, you're the ring-leader! Now you'll find your place." There was an angry roar and rush and the man was jostled and drawn firmly into the crowd. "Oh, you will try dirty tricks, then? Now we've got you an' we'll hol' you." Lustily he cried for help, but what could six persons do against six hundred?. One man stood forward, tall and calm. A few of the men knew him for the general manager of the company, and seldom seen at the mines. "What's up, my man?" Danny told him in a few terse sentences. They sounded humorous. The general manager listened and actually grinned. The grin grew into a laugh and was actually infectious. The strikere laughed with him. "A mule and a mutiny," observed the general manager, "and where is the rebel?" As if a stage cue had been given, Crazy Bill walked out of the mine mouth. His rusty chains dragged behind him, but his head was proudly erect. On his back, clinging to his collar, sat Else, her braids unfastened by her rough ride, her face sooty and streaked. She saw no one but Danny, and to him, her young eyes all alight, she called: "I brung out Crazy, Bill, Danny! He knows you allers lemme ride 'im. Now ```markdown ``` "I brung out Crazy Bill, Danny!" there's no need for any strike. I fetched 'im out 'thout a lick, Danny!" How the men shouted! WRESTLING IN JAPAN. Peculiarities of Art of Self-Defense Among Japanese A recent attempt to introduce into England a modified form of Japanese wrestling under the name of "bartitsu" calls attention to the peculiarities of this "art of self-defense" as it has developed in Japan. It is asserted that the Japanese hold this art of theirs in such reverence that it has rarely been allowed to be shown publicly in their own land, much less abroad. Wrestling has been a sport in Japan for more years than can well be counted. The Japanese wrestler belongs to a distinct class, and what he does not know about wrestling in an orthodox or even unorthodox way can scarcely be worth the knowing. Some of the Japanese wrestlers can trace their sporting pedigree back for more than three centuries. They are all meat eaters, whereas the ordinary Japanese consumes only rice and fish. Consequently—this fact is dwelt upon as one of the strongest arguments against vegetarianism—they are all big men. The champions of Tokyo, Kyoto and Osaka, when they meet in annual tournaments, can scarcely average less than six feet, whereas the Japanese people themselves are quite four inches under the European standard. Two hundred and eighty pounds is not an uncommon weight for a Japanese wrestler, and the heavier they are the better chance they stand in championship contests. The young man was from town, and was spending a Sunday in the suburbs, says. "Short Stories." He knew far more about horses and carriages than the local llvery salesman, and so his interview with the latter, when he sought to hire a "rig" for the afternoon, was tinged with a gentle air of patronage on his part. "Oh, have you a trap you can let me have?" "Yes, certainly." "One that will hold two?" "Yes, or twenty," from the obliging countryman. "Oh, really. Have you a stylish road wagon?" "Yes." "Perhaps you have a spider or a Brewster buggy, or, on second thought, I might prefer a rubber-tired hansom. You can accommodate me? "Yes. All kinds cheerfully furnished." "Can you give me a lash whip?" "Yes; with a fancy tassel." "Oh, well, what kind of a horse can you turn out—a short-tailed one?" "I think so," came gently from the wearied proprietor. Then, in stentorian tones to his man: "Jake, can you give this gentleman a short-tailed horse? If not, cut one at once." Bids Are in Order. The farmers of the Bavarian and Wurttemburg Allgau districts have combined for the purpose of buying all their fertilizers, both chemical and natural, at the best wholesale prices and on the most favorable conditions. They use about 1,000 wagon loads (of 200 cwt) a year. It is also rumored that they intend to buy all their agricultural and other machines the same way. It is said that American sellers of artificial fertilizers and makers of American agricultural machinery are a good deal interested in this foreign combine, and to the extent of competing for trade. There are few people so fortunate that at some period of their lives they do not droop under the clouds of trouble or misfortune. At some time grief is almost certain to come, an unwelcome guest. Sorrows and troubles gather round us, causing our hearts almost to break beneath their weight. It is in those dark hours that the heart needs the comfort and kindness of a sympathizing friend. We are so constituted that, to a great degree, our happiness is dependent upon others. The heart is formed for friendships, and we need the smile and light glowing from the faces of others as much as the little flower needs the warmth of the sun or the cooling shower. Words of kindness fall upon the heart like the gentle dew. We know not, and may not know the good we might do in this world by simple deeds of kindness. They are worth more than silver or gold. How like angels of mercy we might become if we would be guided more by the law of kindness—kindness to all, especially to the poor and to those who have strayed from the paths of rectitude! It is kindness alone that will soften their hearts and win them back eventually to the right way.—New York Weekly. A FEARLESS PHYSICIAN Benton, Ill., Sept. 30th.—Much comment has been caused by the action of Dr. R. H. Dunaway, a physician here, who for over a year past has been recommending Dodd's Kidney Pills to those of his patients who suffered from Rheumatism, Bright's Disease, Diabetes or other Kidney Troubles. Dr. Dunaway also published an open letter last May stating positively that he himself had been cured of Diabetes by Dodd's Kidney Pills, and that, after he had concluded he was going to die. He is a well man today and says he feels it his duty to do as he has done and is doing because Dodd's Kidney Pills saved his life. Eye Indicates Character Physiognomists rely greatly upon the expression and color of the eye in reading character. It is said that deep blue eyes indicate a mind disposed to coquetry, but still bespeak a heart capable of pure, unswerving, ardent love. Gray eyes signify dignity, intelligence, and large reasoning powers. Greenish eyes belong to a nature in which will be found, in the majority of cases, jealously, falsehood, scandal and malice. Where the white is tinged with yellow and streaked with reddish veins, the eyes are the reflectors of passion and hasty temper. Restless eyes, that cannot look one steadily in the face, denote a scheming and a treacherous disposition. Quiet eyes signify self-command, compacency, and a modicum of conceit. Black eyes tell you of slumbering passions and an active disposition, sometimes marred with a tinge of deceit. The brown eye is a dear, sweet eye, loving and tender, and as trusty as it is honest and faithful, indicating a nature full of generosity, kindness and happiness.—New York Weekly. $100 Reward. $100. The readers of this paper will be pleased to learn that there is at least one dreaded disease that science has been able to cure in all its stages and that is Catarrch. Hall's Catarrch Cure is the only positive cure now known to the medical fraternity. Catarrch being a constitutional disease, requires a constitutional treatment. Hall's Catarrch Cure is taken internally, acting directly upon the blood and mucous surfaces of the system, thereby destroying the foundation of the disease, and giving the patient strength by building up the constitution and assisting nature in doing its work. The proprietors have so much faith in its curative powers that they offer One Hundred Dollars for any case that it fails to cure. Send for list of Testimonials. Address F. J. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, O. Sold by druggists 75c. Hall's Family Pills are the best. Flour Millis in New York. New York state stands high as a milling state because its western border touches the outer edge of the great lake system of elevators, and right in the metropolitan district itself there are two of the largest and finest mills in the country, each with a capacity of 8,000 barrels, and five others with a capacity of from 1,000 to 2,000 barrels a day. AMERICA'S GREATEST TOUR. New York and Return $31.00 via Cincinnati, Richmond, Va., Old Point Comfort, New York and Buffalo. 18-hour ocean trip. For scenery, historic interest and business, the best. Address W. E. Conklyn, C. & O. Ry., 234 Clark St., Chicago. In the center of Liverpool there is a large roof garden. It forms the hobby of a lady who has in successful cultivation currants, gooseberries and a fine show of outdoor flowers, besides exotics in a greenhouse. The earth was taken up to the tiles by means of a lift, and the garden is efficiently drained. Briggs—They say that if files were left alone—that is, if all those that are born were allowed to live—there would be nothing else but files. Griggs—That is, supposing the earth were nothing in the solar system but a big railroad restaurant.—Life. Brooklyn, N. Y., Sept. 30th—Information has been received regarding the wonderful curative powers of the Garfield Headache Powders; people everywhere are using them and writing the manufacturers of the good results obtained. Poetry is the music of the soul, and above all of great and feeling souls—Voltaire. No trouble to get breakfast quick if you have Mrs. Austin's famous Pancake Flour. Your grocer waits to supply you. An Irishman says it would scare him almost to death to commit suicide. The population of London, according to the authoritative and careful calculations of Mr. Welton, published in the December (1900) issue of the Royal Statistical Society's Journal, amounted to only 1,000,000 in 1801. This figure had doubled itself by 1841; in 1891 the total reached 5,442,000, and by 1901 was probably 6,250,000. The area included, it should be said, is not precisely that of the census returns, so that the figures, though based upon the census returns, differ considerably from them. But practically we may say that in the lapse of a century the inhabitants of London multiplied sixfold. This enormous population, greater than that of many European states of the second class, is compressed within a space of about 130,000 acres, or, say, 200 square miles. WISCONSIN FARM LANDS The best of farm lands can be obtained now in Marinette County, Wisconsin, on the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway at a low price and on very favorable terms. Wisconsin is noted for its fine crops, excellent markets and healthful climate. Why rent a farm when you can buy one much cheaper than you can rent and in a few years it will be your own property. For particulars address F. A. Miller, General Passenger Agent, Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul Railway, Chicago. Cecil Rhodes' Hobbr. Mr. Cecil Rhodes, who has just entered on his forty-ninth year, has one little known weakness—collecting old cookery books. Of these he has a very remarkable and valuable collection, acquired in the course of some five or six years. There are books, however, which even a millionaire cannot buy, and when in London just before the outbreak of the war in South Africa he kept a secretary busy for several months at the British Museum copying and translating some of the very wonderful old Latin cookery books which have their place in the national collection. For a greasy skin nothing is better than the combination of an ounce of dried rose leaves, half a pint of white wine vinegar and half a pint of rose water. Let the vinegar stand on the rose leaves for a week, then add the rose water. Use a tablespoonful in a cup of distilled water. THE FARMER IS KING. Before selling or buying farm property read October HOMES, the only exclusively farm sale paper. Sample copy 10 cents; $1.00 per year. HOMES PUB. CO.. 10-12 Custom House place, Chicago. A. Point Where He Excels. A Point Where He Excels. Bunker—Is Brassie much of a golf player? Lofter—Well, he is no good at holing, and at driving he is a dead failure; but I don't suppose there is a man or woman on the links who can holler "Fore" with such picturesque effect as he can.—Boston Transcript. Race of the Australian-London Mall is graphically described in No. 11 New York Central's "Four Track Series." Every person interested in the growth of our commerce should read it. Sent free on receipt of two-cent stamp by General Passenger Agent, New York Central, New York. Observatory in Back Yard. Prof. Uriah W. Lawton of Jackson, Mich., has a fully equipped astronomical observatory in his back yard. He has used it as a means of recreation since he resigned the place of superintendent of public schools of Michigan, which he held for many years. Take Nature's remedy, Garfield Tea! Inexpensive and effective; 15 pints or 30 doses for 25c. It is composed of medicinal HERBS, not mineral poisons; it cures constipation and sick headache, kidney and liver diseases. Good for all. Thrift of time will repay you in after life with an usury of profit beyond your most sanguine dreams.—W. E. Gladstone. The hardest cruelties in this life are the mistakes which we commit in judging others—perhaps in judging ourselves.—Mrs. Craigle. FITS Permanently Cured. No fitis or nervousness after first day's use of Dr. Klüne's Great Nerve Restorer. Send for FREE $2.00 trial bottle and treasury. Dr. E. H. Klinen, Ltd., 831 Arch St., Philadelphia, Pa. Over $12,000,000 was given to American colleges and universities during the month of June. Sweat or fruit acids will not discolor goods dyed with PUTNAM FADELESS DYES. Sold by druggists, 10c. package. Every man's wit must come from every man's soul—and no other body's. —Sterne. We thank you for trying Wizard Oil for rheumatism or neuralgia, then you will thank us. Ask your druggist. The demand for electrical ventilators in India is ahead of the supply. Not much wise painting done; poor paint, mostly; too cheap. Nobody wants it poor; everybody wants it cheap. Devoe ready paint is cheap because it isn't poor; it's unlike any other; because we guarantee results instead of materials. Wise painting is—Paint in the fall and use Devoe. Ask your dealer; he'll get it for you. Book on painting free if you mention this paper. GOOD-PAINT DEVOK, CHICAGO. DON'T GET WET! THE ORIGINAL TOWER'S FISH BRAND SLICKER MADE IN BLAIR OR YELLOW IS SURE PROTECTION IN WET WEATHER. ON SALE EVERYWHERE. CATALOGUES FREE SHOWING FULL LINE OF GARMENTS AND MATS A.J.TOWER CO., BOSTON.MASS. PATENTS FREE! during this year only, our twentieth anniversary, The only absolutely free Patents ever offered by any attorney in the world. Send for New Book on Patents and full information. FREE. O. E. DUFFY Solicitor of Patents. Washington, D. C. 20 years a solicitor of Patents, 14 years an examiner in the U. S. Patent Office. References furnished in every State in the Union. $15 A WEEK! and EXPENSES for Man With Rig To introduce our POULTRY MIXTURE in the country; straight salary; weekly pay; year's contract. We furnish bank reference of our reliability. We require no money in advance for samples. Address with stamp. EUREKA MFG. Co., Dept. P, East St. Louis, Ill. Good for Bad Teeth Not Bad for Good Teeth Sozodont 25c Sozodont Tooth Powder 25c Large Liquid and Powder 75c HALL & RUCKEL. New York LIFE OF WM. M'KINLEY with memorials by nation's prom- ment men. Large, fully illustrated. Extra terms, Freight paid. Credit given. Big pay for quick work. Outfit ready: FREE. Send 10 cents for postage to ZEIGLER CO., $24 Dearborn St., Chicago. WE PAY $20 A WEEK and expenses to men with rigs to introduce Poultry Compound. International Mfg. Co., Parsons, Kan. HOWE SCALES BEST In The World ALL KINDS FOR ALL PURPOSES Write for Free Catalog. WE SHIP DIRECT TO Contractors and C LUMBER, LATH, S MOULDINGS, SASH, DOO AT WHOLESALE P COMPLETE HOUSE BILLS. COM Permission given to examine grades before satisfactory guarantee that we will get our m as bought. SEND IN YOUR LISTS FOR ESTIMA JOHN E. BURNS LUM Long Distance 'Phones: 40 W. CHICAGO A MONROE 211. MONROE 288. MONROE 290. A DAIRY COUNTRY. DIRECT TO and Consumers WITH, SHINGLES RASH, DOORS, Etc. SALE PRICES COMPLETE BARN BILLS. rades before payment. We ask only get our money when stock is found FOR ESTIMATES. IS LUMBER GO. CHICAGO AVE.. CHICAGO, ILL. Contractors and Consumers LUMBER, LATH, SHINGLES MOVLDINGS, SASH, DOORS, Etc. AT WHOLESALE PRICES Permission given to examine grades before payment. We ask only satisfactory guarantee that we will get our money when stock is found as bought. SEND IN YOUR LISTS FOR ESTIMATES. Nature's Priceless Remedy DR. O. PHELPS BROWN'S PRECIOUS HERBAL CINTMENT If Cures Through the Forest Address Dr. O. P. Brown, 90 Eway, Newburgh, N. K. Rheumatism, Neuralgia, Weak Back, Sprains, Burns, Sorex and All Pain. Special WK Get it of your draggist, 95, 96. If he does not sell it, send us his make, and for your trouble, we will Bound You a Trial Free. Newburgh, N. K. BEAUTIFUL COMPLEXION ALWAYS OBTAINED BY USING EV-I-LO POWDER 2 ounces, pink, white, olive. Pore, Harmful, Purific. Sand 250 for box. Buford Chemical Co., Chicago. DROPSY NEW DISCOVERY, given quick relief and causes wont cause. Book of, continuals and 20 BABY treatment FREE. Dr. M. J. GREENS BOOK, Rex R. Atlanta, Ga. PISO'S CURE FOR BREAST MURDER ON THE FIELD. Best Cough Syrup, Throat Occlusion. Use in time. Sold by druggists. CONSUMPTION --- The Great Northern Railway Company, of England, are the owners of an express engine which is believed to own the world's record for the number of miles run. This is No. 1, employed daily on express trains between Peterborough and London, or Peterborough and Doncaster. The engine, which belongs to a single driving wheel type, was built at Doncaster in 1850, being the first to be fitted with outside cylinders. From careful calculations made the engine has just recently completed its four millionth mile. The engine still runs on its original wheels, and is capable of holding its own against the newest constructed. In its long life the No. 1 has not met an accident of serious nature. Piso's Cure for Consumption is an Infallible medicine for coughs and colds.—N. W. SAMUEL, Ocean Grove, N. J., Feb. 17, 1900. There are a number of heroes among the Biblical characters, but Daniel was the only one lionized. If you love your wife, make it easy for her to get breakfast. Take home Mrs. Austin's Pancake Flour. Some men get rich while others are waiting for great opportunities. Mrs. Winslow's Soothing Syrup. For children teething, softens the gums, reduces inflammation, allays pain, cures wind colic. 25c a bottle. A fable is a stem-winding lie with a moral attachment. TELL MOTHER ILL BE THERE." MARTYRED McKinley's message to his dying mother. Finest abest music, loc. McCallip Music Co., Columbus, O. It's all up with the artist who can't draw his breath. Sozodont OIL Farm, Ranch, Rice & Timber Lands, in tracta to suit, from one acre up to 20,000 acres, in Texas, John E. Wiley, Houston, Tex. What Prof. Henry Thinks of the New Lands in North Wisconsin. Prof. W. E. Henry, dean of the college of agriculture, in an article on the dairy industry of northern Wisconsin, says: "After careful study of all the conditions prevailing in northern Wisconsin, the writer is firmly impressed with the belief that this will become one of the great dairy regions of America. First of all, there is that prime requisite for fine butter and cheese, namely, an ample supply of pure cold water everywhere accessible. Second, an abundance of wholesome stock foods. In summer time the cattle of northern Wisconsin will find in its pastures the finest of grasses and clovers (red and white clovers flourish), and timothy and blue grass pastures are as prevalent and productive as anywhere further south." If you are interested, and want to learn more about this country, we suggest that you write to D. W. Casseday, land agent of the "Soo" Line, Minneapolis, and ask him to send printed matter. He will be glad to do so. YOUR TIME HAS COME To look up your old winter dresses. Make same as good as new by dyeing same with Paul Opperman's German Household Dyes and receive the most wonderful results. Will dye anything. To make the merits of German Household Dyes known to the saving ladies of the tand, we offer to send these packages of any color for 25 cents, together with a Free package of Easter Egg Colors or Laundry Blossom. MARRIAGE PAPER. The Denver Corresponding Club, Exclusive. Established 1866. The greatest opportunity ever offered to ladies; make us 45 free; has mounted $600 to $100,000; sends 254 page, plain cloth envelopes, 150; both holding Only Club giving Banks and Commercial reference; invites investigation. Town in confidence; R. L. Love, B-18C, Denver, Colo. NOW READY. Easy to BUY! Easy to MAKE! Easier to EAT! Buy a Package TO-DAY and See!! AT ALL, GROCERS. The only scale with ball bearings. BORDEN & SELLECK CO. 46-50 Lake St. CHICAGO Something New and Just Out! The winking eye lithographed on the tin; eye-ball moves, lid winks, looks like life; a beauty; sells fast at 10-18s. Write for terms; circulates free; samples see; special prices to jobbers. Paris Nov- elty Works, 22 Quincy St., Chicago. O W.L.DOUGLAS SHOES $3.50 UNION MADE. For More Than a Quarter of a Century The reputation of W. L. Douglas $3.00 and $3.50 shoes for style, comfort and wear has excelled all other makes sold at the prices. This excellent reputation has been won by merit alone. W. L. Douglas shoes have to give better satisfaction than other $3.00 and $3.50 shoes because his reputation for the best $3.00 and $3.50 shoes must be maintained. The standard has always been placed so high that the wearer receives more value for his money in the W. L. Douglas $3.00 and $3.50 shoes than he can get elsewhere. W. L. Douglas sells more $3.00 and $3.50 shoes than any other two manufacturers. W. L. Douglas $3.00 and $3.50 shoes are made of the same high grade lonthe used in $5 and $6 Sold by the best shoe dealers everywhere. Insist upon having W. L. Doughles shoes with name and price stamped on bottom. How to Order by Mail.—If W. L. Doughles shoes are not sold in your town, and order direct to shoes are not sold in your town, and order direct to factory. Shoes post anywhere on receipt of price and 25 ea. additional for carriage. My customers prefer that will equal 65 and 100 cm tum awake shoes, in style, fit and west. Take measurements of if of us shown on model; white style desired; also amd width and height; no toe; dummy medium or light sole. A 50 guaranteed. True pain. BOOK LOVERS AND OTHERS!!! We will fill your library shelves at factory cost. Send name and address and receive FREM a 200 page manual on 30th Century Etiquette. New Hayen Publishing Co., 49 Franklin St., Chicago. W. N. U. CHIOAGO, NO. 40, 1901. When Answering Advertisements Kindly Mention This Paper. Alderman M. McInerney, introduced an order in the city council Monday night, which passed, authorizing the corporation counsel to prepare an ordinance compelling the Chicago City Railway Company to provide and maintain waiting stations, corner Root and Halsted streets, 39th and State streets, 63rd and Halsted streets and at several other points along its lines. This new provision will go into effect Nov. 1, and it is a mighty good thing. Alderman McInerney's stock is coming up a peg or two. The late William McKinley was no doubt a great politician. He managed to work for Uncle Sam for more than twenty-two years and drew as his compensation for his services over three hundred thousand dollars. He served in the army for four years; fourteen years as Congressman, four years and half as President, two years as attorney of Stark County, Ohio, and four years as governor of his state. Very few men in this country held political offices as long or made as much money out of politics as William McKinley. We have the highest authority for stating that so far as there is any truth in the reported interview with Booker T. Washington sent out from Washington and Chicago, regarding his advice to the President that only the best class of white men be appointed to office in the South, it is wholly without foundation. So far as Mr. Washington has given any advice at all it is that the best class of men, regardless of color, be appointed to office. Mr. Washington is not in politics and will not permit himself to be drawn into political discussion and political activity by any influence whatever. Tuesday the Democratic County Central Committee met, and it was a live meeting. It reminded one of yea olden times, when the leaders and the rank and file of the party used to resort to the knocking down and dragging out process. It is claimed that mighty hot words passed between Robert E. Burke and Chairman Thomas Gahan; that Roger C. Sullivan, who is ex-Mayor John P. Hopkin's chief of staff led the anti-city hall forces, and in doing so Mr. Sullivan kicked up a whole lot of dust. The meeting became so hot that all the diamonds which adorned the shirt-fronts of the big fellows began to melt; so it was adjourned until Dec. 1, and at that time the followers of State Chairman John P. Hopkins may go into the high courts and test Mr. Burke's right to rule over the Democratic party. There are warm times ahead for the Democracy of Cook County. YOUNG COLORED WOMAN WANTED. Green E. Evans, dealer in coal, wood, charcoal, coke and ice, 332 29th street, near La Salle street, desires to engage an intelligent and honest young colored women to act as cashier, bookkeeper, and to take orders in his coal office. For further information call on or address Mr. Evans at the above-mentioned number. For a first-class shave or hair-cut call and see C. E. Doswell, the university barber, 116 West 51st street. Agent for The Colored American Magazine. SITS OF INFORMATION A square foot of honeycomb contains about 9,000 cells. More than 45,000,000 passengers a year go through the North Union and South Union stations in Boston. The "Era of Alexandria" was adopted by many early Christians, who assumed the interval between Adam and Christ to have been 5,500 years. Travelers in Eastern Siberia carry soups in sacks. They are frozen solid as stone and keep indefinitely. Milk, also, is frozen and sold by the pound. NEW HOUSEHOLD IDEAS. For potato croquettes one may put the yolk inside and the white outside. It is now the correct thing to have a thin slice of pineapple floating in a cup of tea, instead of the disk of lemon. To keep matting from turning yellow, wipe it with a cloth dipped in a mild brine, and dry it with another cloth. Nasturtium Pickles — Take the tea when small and green, put them in salt water, change the water once in three days. When you have done collecting nasturtiums turn off the brine and hour on scalding water. One day just as Pere Monsabre, the celebrated Dominican preacher of the cathedral of Notre Dame, Paris, was preparing to ascend the pulpit, a message came to him that a lady wanted to see him who was worried about an affair of conscience. After much waste of time she came to the point. She was given up to vanity. That very morning, she confessed, she had looked in her looking-glass and yielded to the temptation of thinking herself pretty. Pere Monsabre looked at her and said, quistly: "Is that all?" "That's all." "Well, my child," he replied, "you can go away in peace, for a mistake is not a sin." The story is told of three protestant ladies who walked into a catholic church in Ireland during high mass. It was raining and they had gone in for shelter. The priest recognised the ladies and, stooping down, said to an attendant: "Three chairs for the protestant ladies." It was a kindly thought, but the priest must have wished he had never thought it when the man stood up in the church and shouted: "Three cheers for the protestant ladies!" It was over in a minute—the cheers were cheers and could not be called back; but it was one of the most uncomfortable moments in the good priest's life. Herbert Spencer, the great English sociologist and philosopher, is very fond of a game of billiards and the other day at the Reform club in London he met an acquaintance whom he invited to play with him. The young member accepted, and Spencer said, joyfully, as he chalked his one: "Young man, good billiard-playing is the proof of a well-balanced mind." "I believe it is," replied the young man. They played and the great writer was beaten fearfully. He had only scored thirty-eight when his young antagonist finished his one hundred. Herbert Spencer put the cue away in disgust. "Young man," he said, "such fine billiard-playing as yours is the proof of an ill-spent youth." PERSONALS. Senator Depew has been invited to deliver the address at the Charleston exposition on December 1. The recent floods in Tennessee washed away soil near Chucky City, Green county, and revealed the ruins of the old home of Davy Crockett. Lord Kelvin, who is seventy-seven years old, has occupied a university chair for a longer consecutive period than any other university professor now living. Lord Norton, who recently celebrated his eighty-seventh birthday, is the old friend of Gladstone, and was secretary to the admiralty when Mr. Plimsoll made his famous speech on the merchant shipping bill. Andrew Carnegie recently gave $500 each to Sheddon, Law, Jones and Dick, four miners who displayed conspicuous bravery in the rescue of their comrades at the time of the recent Donibristle, Scotland, colliery disaster. At a birthday party in Rahway, N. J., recently four sisters were among the guests. Their united ages foot up 832 years, divided in this way: Mrs. Mary P. C. Rowell, 86; Mrs. Elizabeth Acken, 84; Mrs. Henrietta Van Sicklen, 80, and Mrs. Bruen, 80. They are all in excellent health. THE GOVERNMENT The executive power is vested in the President, who holds office for four years, and receives $50,000 annually. The President and Vice President are elected by electors chosen by the people. The number of electors from each State is equal to the whole number of Senators and Representatives to which the State may be entitled. The electors vote by ballot. These votes are sent sealed to the President of the Senate, who opens them in the presence of Congress. If there are two parties who have received an equal number of votes, the House of Representatives choose by ballot one of them for President. The various cabinet officers are appointed by the President. They are eight in number, and receive $8,000 annually. MODES FOR MEN In collars there will be a revision to the old wing design. The high turned-down affair, it is expected, will gradually lose its vogue. There are to be some collars designed of an entirely new shape, but the prevailing styles will be the wing, the poke, and the straight stander. These will be made in both wide and narrow stitching. The wing collar with the wide stitching will not be as smart as that with the narrow stitching, owing to the liability of the edge, where the wing bends, to swell and gap. The wing collars have well balanced, moderately spaced wings, the bottom of the wings forming a straight line. There will be some very large wings. To maintain the public schools of the country costs every man, woman and child a little more than $9. In the bakeries of La Rochefoucauld in France it is said that women enter the ovens when they are 201 degrees. New York county, New York, pays bigger salaries than our national and state governments, leaving out the President. The least guarded of the monarchs of Europe is the old King of Denmark. He is said to walk about the streets absolutely unattended. If your nearest druggest does not have the Original Ozonized Ox-Marrow he can get it for you from any wholesale druggist in the city. It straightens kinky hair. Warranted harmless. Only 50 cents a bottle. The Ozonized Ox-Marrow Co., 76 Wabash Ave., Chicago, Ill. NEWSPAPER LAW. Any person who takes the paper regularly from the postoffice, whether he is a subscriber or not, is responsible for the pay. The courts have decided that refusing to take newspapers and periodicals from the postoffice, or removing and leaving them uncalled for is prima facie evidence of intentional fraud. OUR COLLEGE POPULATION. Yearly 150,000 Students Taking Courses in High Institutions. To-day there are 629 universities and colleges and 43 schools of technology in the United States. The total value of the property possessed by institutions for higher education amounts to $342,888,861, a gain of about $31,000,000 over the amount for the preceding year. The endowment fund amounts to $154,120,590. The total income for the year, excluding benefactions, amounted to $27,739,154. The value of gifts and bequests during the year 1898-1899 amounted to $21,925,436. Some $2,500 is invested for each student who is now enjoying the advantage of any of the institutions of learning. Classical courses claim by far the greater number of students—35,595 students out of the 147,164—while 21,890 were taking the general culture courses, 9,858 general science courses, 2,593 instruction in agriculture, 4,376 in mechanical engineering, 2,550 in civil engineering, and 2,320 in electrical engineering; 1,032 students were studying mining engineering, 627 architecture, 9,501 pedagogy, and 6,698 were taking business courses. The number of degrees conferred during the year for work done was 15,087—10,794 on men and 4,293 on women. Thirty-eight different varieties of degrees were conferred, and in some cases only one candidate received a degree, musical doctor, for example. Seven hundred and thirty-five honorary degrees were conferred. In 1872 the number of students to each 1,000,000 of population was 578; in 1850 it had increased to 770, in 1890 to 850, in 1593 to 1,037, while in 1859 the number was 1,196. People with chest complaints are recommended by medical men to read aloud, as this strengthens throat, lungs and chest muscles alike. The reading should be deliberate, without being allowed to drag, and the enunciation clear, the body being held in an easy, unstrained, upright position, so that the chest will have free play. The breathing should be natural and as deep as possible without undue effort. JOHN FITZGERALD JUSTICE OF THE PEACE 4787 S. HALSTED STREET, ....CHICAGO ALBERT B. GEORGE LAWYER. 423 Ashland Block, Chicago. Tel. M. 2025. EDWARD H. WRIGHT LAWYER Suite 421, 200 S. Clark St. Telephone, Harrison 2532. CHICAGO. GEO. W. W. LYTLE, Attorney and Counselor at Law Telephone Central $558. Suite 60, Grand Opera House, Notary Public 87 & 89 S. Clark St. Chicago. Lawrence M. Ennis, Advocate and Counselor at Law, Suite 726 Open House Block. S. W. Corner Clark and Washington St. TELEPHONE MAIN 1962. G. E. EVANS, Dealer in All Kinds of HARD AND SOFT COAL, Wood, Charcoal, Coke and Ice, Expressing and Moving a Specialty. 832 29th St. Chicago, Ill. WONDERFUL DISCOVERY Curly Hair Made Straight By TAKEN FROM LIFE: BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT. ORIGINAL OZONIZED OX MARROW (Copyrighted.) This wonderful hair pomade is the only safe preparation in the world that makes kinky or early hair straight as shown above. It mimics the scalp and prevents the hair from falling out or breaking off, causes dandruff and makes the hair grow long and silky. Sold over forty years and used by thousands. Warranted harmless. Testimonials free on request. It was the first preparation ever sold for straightening kinky hair. Beware of imitations. Get the Original Ozonized Ox Marrow as the genuine never fails to keep the hair straight, soft and beautiful. A toilet necessity for ladies, gentlemen and children. Elegantly perfumed. The great advantage of this wonderful pomade is that by its use you can straighten your own hair at home. Owing to its superior and lasting qualities it is the best and most economical. It is not possible for anybody to produce them without it. Full directions with every bottle. Only 40 cents. Sold by drugstores and dealers or send us $0 cunta for one bottle or $1.40 for three bottles. We pay all express charges. Send postal or express money order. Write your name and address plainly to OZONIZED OX MARROW CO., 76 Wabash Avenue, Chicago, Illinois. Locomotive Uses Alcohol. On a private railroad, used chiefly to carry coal and bricks from a brick-yard in Prussia, a locomotive using alcohol as fuel is used. It was built for a society for the promotion of the use of spirits, which, in that part of the world, are largely produced in distilleries of large landholders to utilize sirup produced in making beet sugar, unmarketable potatoes, etc. Thousands of sermons have been preached against woman's extravagance, thousands of men are groaning under the tyranny of spendthrift wives, but neither the moralist nor the husband ever dreams that the fault lies in the man who carries his money in a belt, and that a separate purse for the wife would stimulate her to economy instead of extravagance. --- HEAVY MACHINERY. Smoke Stacks, Cupolas and Monuments Erected. Hoisting and Placing of all kinds of Beams and Girders for architectural work. Office, 31 South Canal St., Chicago TELEPHONE MAIN 4028 ...The Mutual Reserve Fund Life or New York... OVER $41,000,000 PAID IN LOSSES. Insurance for the Protection of the family at actual cost E. P. BARRY, M'g'r. JULIUS F. TAYLOR, Special Agt. 410 Roanoke Bldg., 145 La Salle St. 5040 Armor Ava. IMPORTED AND DOMESTIG WINES, LIQUORS AND CIGARS 8462 SOUTH HALSTED STREET. CHICAGO. A. JOSEPH JOSEPH STRAUSS GREAT NORTHERN SALE AND EXCHANGE STABLE. Driving, Draft and General Business Horses Always on Hand 1197 Milwaukee Ave. Near Robey St. Telephone West, 1028. OHIOAGO, IL. GEO. C. CALLAHAN & CO. PRODUCE COMMISSION Butter, Poultry, Eggs, Game, Vsal, Eto. 217 SOUTH WATER STREET, CHICAGO. Bernard F. Rogers John D. Cory B. F. ROGERS & COMPANY INSURANCE TELEPHONE MAIN 3292 154 LaSalle Street YOU CAN SAVE MONEY By Ordering One of Our - $15 Suits and Overcoats Pantaloons from $4.00 Up! The Largest, Oldest and Most Extensive Tailoring Establishment in Chicago Our Fall Line is Now Complete. The Best in the City. EVERYTHING GUARANTEED. Education in Georgia. "It's never too late to learn," said a rural school teacher the other day. "Why, you will hardly credit me when I say that I have among my pupils five old men whose ages are respectively 57, 79, 64, 58 and 44, and they're the best scholars I have. None of them could read or write when they came to me. Three of them wanted to learn so that they could read the Bible for themselves, and the other two decided late in life they would embark on a literary career. Think of it! But they're in dead earnest, and I'm teaching them right along!"—Atlanta Con- When Grace Was Said. A Barnard College girl tells in the New York Times of visiting, in a household where grace was said at the table—semi-occasionally. Her curiosity got the better of her, and she asked the mistress of the house why they didn't observe the rite regularly. "Why," said the lady with some surprise, "we say grace only when we have reason to be thankful. We never dream of giving thanks when we have only roast beef or beefsteak, or some simple thing like that. But whenever we have game or something really nice, then we say grace, for it's worth while."