The Broad Ax

THE BROAD AX HEW TO THE LINE. TOO MANY NEGRO CHURCHES IN CHICAGO-LATELY OLD OLIVET BAPTIST CHURCH PASSED INTO THE HANDS OF ITS WHITE CREDIT ORS It is estimated that at the present time there are between sixty and seventy Negro Churches and Missions in Chicago. They are scattered all over the city and embrace almost all denominations excepting the Free Thinkers, the Universalists, and the Unitarians. The Colored Baptists have 12 churches and missions, mostly missions, the A. M. E's. have about the same number, and are made up of all other denominations, which would indicate that the majority of Negroes are perfectly willing to take many chances in order to land in their imaginary heaven where they can feast on milk and honey, wear silver slippers, a snow-white crown, and play golden harps, but the average Negro is foolish enough to believe that he will be forever damned if he permits himself to vote any other ticket but the old Republican ticket. Thus the Negro without knowing it puts or places Republican politics away above or beyond his so-called religion. Many of these churches or missions are located in old tumble-down shaks, buildings or stores which are devoid of the proper ventilation and the sanitary condition of some of them is something horrible. It is in many of these the Negro spends so much of his time figuring on going to heaven, contracts many of the contagious diseases which increases the death rate among the Negroes, and sweeps the Negro into an untimely grave. At this point it may not be improper to state that according to the latest United States census reports the colored population of Chicago is 30,150, and of this number it is not unreasonable to say that not over 50 per cent of the thirty thousand colored people of this city are normal church members, and of this latter number less than half of them feel like giving up their last dollar to the churches and missions. What does this prove? Does it not prove that something like seven thousand Afro-Americans are endeavoring to stand up under the enormous indebtedness of the Negro Shurches of Chicago? Some of these churches and missions have less than twenty members. Some of them have no trustees nor other church officers, and the ignorant greasy looking preachers of these churches or misions account to no one for the money which they collect from the gullible or weak-minded people. These ranting and snorting blind leaders of the blind hold forth in their churches or missions all day and most of the night on Sunday, and the rest of the time they put in faking money from the public. They are constantly tramping from office building to office building in the business district, and they have become such an intolerable nuisance that white business men who have always in the past been friendly to the Negro race hate to see them or any other Negro enter their places of business. Many of these inside preachers are more interested in collecting money, drinking whisky, and making souls, than they are in saving souls. They give the people nothing in return for the money which they extort from them. They fail to impress upon the minds of those who are so unfortunate to attend their churches the necessity of being honest in their dealings with men. They do not urge them to lead moral and upright lives. On the contrary these old time Bible beaters who are a positive stumbling block in the pathway of the Negro. They lead him to believe that he can murder his wife and sweet little children, render his hands in the blood of his fellowmen, violate all the laws of morality and decency, gamble, lie and steal, but if he is willing to believe that one drop of the Lord's blood is sufficient to wash away all their sins or past misdeeds, and pay their money to these anti-diluvian preachers, they will send them on to heaven on flowery beds of ease. This damnable doctrine which emanates from the Negro pulpit is the cause of the Negro not manifesting any regard for the moral laws nor for the true and the beautiful. How much better it would be for the Negroes not only of Chicago, but for those of the country, if their preachers would only teach them this one fundamental truth namely, "that each and every man is wholly responsible or answerable for his own acts, it makes no difference whether they are good or bad, that Jesus or no other power in any part of the boundless universe can ever blot out his sins or mis-deeds whenever the preachers become sufficiently enlightened to voice these sentiments from their pulpits, then the Negro will give up the idea that he can shoot craps, play policy, run gambling dens, do everything that is absolutely wrong and still be a leading member of the church, a good Christian and a worthy candidate to occupy the front seat in heaven. Contracting church debts on the part of the Negro preachers of Chicago seems to be a craze or a mania, and that act on their part gives them such a strong "graft" that they are always draining the people out of their money. It would be impossible for anyone who falls to put in the most of his time from Monday night to the next Sunday night to enumerate the various calls or demands for money and the two hundred and fifty to three hundred thousand dollars collected by the Negro preachers of this city each year is not expended to improve the condition of the race, but the greater part of it is squandered by the preachers and officers of the many churches in high living, does not benefit the wash-women and the other church members who send their daughters into tough saloons, bawdy-houses, policy shops, and gambling hells, in order to beg this vast sum of money? We think not. Does it make them better Christians to lie about paying their nonest debts in order to turn their hard earned money over to an idle or an ignorant priesthood to enable them to buy long-tailed coats, slick plug hats and fare sumptuously every day? Is there one honest mother who loves her children that is willing to come forward and answer these questions? We pause for a reply. There is at the present time in this city some three or four new Negro churches under construction and when they are completed the debts of all of the churches of this city belonging to the Negroes will amount to two hundred thousand dollars, and it costs over five thousand dollars a year to maintain Rev. Andy Carey, and Quinn Chapel, Abe Murray and Bethel Church, and where does all this money come from? Why, out of the pockets of the poor laboring people. Lately Old Olivet Baptist church, which was established in this great city in 1858, passed into the hands of its white creditors, and the members of that church have been turned out in the street. Rev. Jasper F. Thomas, who has "coned" his deluded followers for many years, made them believe that its white creditors could not sell the church but at last they have bound out that The Broad Ax knew what it was talking about when it stated that Olivet would be sold. Its white creditors through their attorney, James H. Hooper, did not only sell the church but they also gobbled on to the piano, 400 chairs, 150 Sunday School books, and the Bible, but out of compassion for the members of Olivet Attorney Hooper gave them the Communion Set. But if they want the other things or if they want to again worship in Olivet they will have to pay him for the benefit of its white creditors near onto the $14,000 without saying anything about the other creditors. From these proceedings it would appear that Rev. Jasper F. Thomas has been filling the people full of "hot air," that much of CHICAGO, SEPTEMBER 13, 1902. M. Mr. Joseph E. Flanagan, one of The Faithful Commisioners of Cook County, who will be re- lected as a member of the County Board in November. the money which has been wrung from the pockets of the people has not found its way into the money-box belonging to Old Olivet. When, O when, will the Negro ever learn that his church and all his religion can never improve the social or the moral condition of man but that is the true mission of science. Mr. Joseph E. Flanagan, one of The County, who will be re- lected as a m vember. FRIENDLY ADVICE FREE. From on and after this date all Afro-Americans, who are confined in the Cook County jail, and the other penal institutions of this county, who have been tricked or defrauded out of their money by scheming and unscrupulous white and black lawyers or alleged lawyers under the pretense of signing their bonds or securing their release or freedom are requested to communicate with Julius F. Taylor, editor of The Broad Ax, 5040 Armour av. City. Rev. Andy Carey lately lost his father-in-law Madison Davis, who resided at Athens, Ga., and it is claimed by many colored people who at one time lived in that section of the South, that at the time Mr. Davis was appointed Postmaster at Athens, a mighty howl went up from the whites and in order to quiet them down Mr. Davis, so they say, made an affidavit to the effect that he had no colored or Negro blood in his veins, and we do know that Rev. Andy lives over on Forest avenue among the rich white folks, and many of them think he is a white man, for neither he nor Mrs. Carey ever break their necks while rushing to let their real black sisters and brothers into their richly furnished Forest avenue home. On Wednesday, Sept. 3rd, 1902, Mrs. Kittle Scott and Mrs. Katie Buford were discriminated against' at the Alhambra theatre. They were sold two seats and when they went in to occupy them their coupons were forcibly taken from them and two burly policemen ejected them from the theatre on account of color. Lawyer J. G. Thurman, 128 La Salle street, will fight this civil right case for these two women, and Attorney Thurman has not fully made up his mind as to the nature of the suit which he will bring against the management of the Alhambra theatre but he will not lay down without a hard fight in the courts. A cadaverous looking cheap white lawyer by the name of L. J. Haigler, who works in connection with Dukenhaven, the bond shark, among the Afro-American prisoners in the Cook County jail, does not like The Broad Ax for referring to him in its columns respecting his connection with the mistrial of Georgetown Lewis. We do not blame Haigler for wanting to hush up the Lewis affair, for it seems that Dukenhaven Haigler & Co. came very near skinning him alive. Nevertheless these same fellows are always hanging around the Cook County jail looking for new victims. ```markdown ``` CARD OF THANKS Mr. Henry T. Pelkey, 4727 Dearborn street, desires through the columns of The Broad Ax, to express his gratefulness to the many friends who rendered assistance to him at the time the hand of death entered his home and bore away his wife. Faithful Commisisoners of Cook member of one county Board in No- CHIPS. CHIPS Mrs. J. K. Weeks, of Tampa, Fla. is the only colored woman jeweler and watchmaker in the United States. A colored woman employed as stenographer and critic in the office of the New York World receives a salary of $1,400 a year. Vote for Doctor Nicholas R. Engels for he will make a first-class County Cimmissioner and he is bound to be elected. Col. and Mrs. R. A. Ware, 2232 Dearborn St., have returned home after spending three weeks in visiting friends at Atlanta, Ga., and State Senator Barney J. Maguire is more than happy. Mrs. B. A. Lewis, 3120 Indiana Ave. recently departed on a long visit with her mother and friends at Atlanta, Ga., and other points in the South. Mrs. Lewis, will not return to the city until December. The Iowa A. M. E. Conference would do a mighty good thing if it would send Rev. Abe Murray and Andy Carey to some part of the back woods where they could not come in contact with wine, women and whisky. Mayor Carter H. Harrison and his Advisory Committee have succeeded in unhorseing Boss Robert E. Burke, but notwithstanding that fact the mayor and his committee are mighty slow in opening up the fall campaign. Rev. W. S. Brooks, of St. Stephen's A. M. E. Church this city feels that inasmuch as he worked hard the past year and has succeeded in getting his church out of debt that Conference will return him to his charge for another year. Rev. D. W. Jones who runs Allen Chapel at Avendale is one of the handsomest and one of the cleanest A. M. E. preachers in Chicago and Rev. D. W. can head the delegation to the Iowa conference in his new eighty dollar suit and the conference will make a mistake if it fails to return him to Avendale. The Guardian of Boston, Mass., is one of the best edited papers in the United States; the editorials which it contains from time to time against the policy persued by Prof. Booker T. Washington, Old Tom Fortune, cheapwhisky Ed Cooper, "Jim Crow," Col. George L. Knox and Co., respecting the manhood rights of the Negro are unanswerable. Brother Trotter, you are a forcible and a logical writer and The Broad Ax is with you in your fight against the false leaders of the Negro race. ```markdown ``` DEATH OF MRS. H. T. PELKEY. Friday evening, Sept. 5th, after a very short illness Mrs H. T. Pelkey, 4727 Dearborn St., passed away from among her hosts of warm friends. Her sudden death was a great shock to the people of Chicago for she was well known in all parts of the city. Funeral services were held over her remains at Bethel Church Monday afternoon and her body was laid to rest in Oakwood Cemetery. The pastor of Bethel, Rev. John W. Robinson, of St. Mark's, Rev. Bundy of St. Mary's Rev. Slater of Hyde Park and Mr. Griffin in behalf of the Christian Endeavors, all spoke very glowingly of her many virtues. J. B. Hart, president of the Sunday Club of St. Mary's, read a set of resolutions drawn up by the club in honor of her memory. The floral offerings presented by Mrs. J. W. Steward, Mrs. L. C. Woodard, Mr. and Mrs. A. C. Howard, Miss Addie M. Willis, Mrs. Mary Taylor, Mrs. Geo. Hemstead, St. Mark's church, Bethel Christian Endeavor Society, St. Mary's Sunday Club, and other friends were very beautiful. Mrs. Pelkey was born in Georgetown, Ky., in 1874, and was united in marriage to Mr. Henry T. Pelkey, Dec. 12, 1895: Two lovely daughters still survive her, Eligabeth, who is in her sixth year and little Dorothy who is not quite five year old, a kind and devoted husband, many relatives and troops of loving friends to mourn her death. Mrs. Pelkey was in every sense of the word a help-mate to her husband, a true mother steadfast in her friendship for all humanity and was ever ready to assist in bettering the condition of the unfortunates who dwelt in her midst. She was a strong character and in these degenerate times when so many seemingly respectable women are wearing the cloak of hypocracy it was always refreshing to come in contact with Mrs. Pelkey, for she was the very highest and the truest type of American womanhood. Owing to her unbounded faith in humanity, her broad religious views, her constant devotion to the right and justice and her firm determination to lead an exemplary life from the cradle to the grave, she was enabled to walk with steady tread to the river of the dead, conscious of a work well done, conscious of a victory won. To whose imperishable memory which is entwined in the hearts of those who knew her best. No stain will ever cling. DEATH OF MRS. NANIE GASH. Mrs. Nannie Gash beloved wife of Col. A. D. Gash, died at her residence, 756 South Kedzie avenue, on Tuesday, August 26. Funeral services were held on Thursday, August 28, Rev. Frederick C. Priest, D. D. officiating. The deceased leaves a daughter and a son who, with Col. Gash, and many dear friends mourn the loss of a true wife, a devoted mother a sincere friend and a rare type of Christian womanhood. Col. and Mrs. Gash united with the Church of the Redeemer on Easter Sunday April 15, 1900. They had long been staunch believers of the Universalist faith, but having resided in places remote from Universalist churches, had never before enjoyed the opportunity of professing at the altar of a Universalist church the faith they cherished. When this opportunity at last came to them they eagerly embraced it, and with the happiest anticipations of worship and service in the Church of the Redeemer, Unfortunately, and to their great disappointment, these anticipations were not fulfilled, as Mrs. Gash's health steadily declined and debarred her from church attendance and work. Every possible means of help was resorted to in the hope that she might be saved from the terrible malady which fastened her in its grasp. Notwithstanding all, she succumbed to its ravages, exhibiting, however through her long illness, sublime patience and strong, abiding Christian hope and faith. In this time of great bereavement Col. Gash and his household members have the sincere and full sympathy of the people of the Church of the Redeemer.—The Church Tidings, Chicago. It was our pleasure to meet Mrs. Gash while she resided in Utah and she was a broad-minded, noble woman, one whose love and sympathy always went out to all mankind and we, in common with the many other friends of Col. Gash, sympathize with him over the great loss of his esteemable wife and lovable companion. CHIPS Rev. Jasper F. Thomas last Monroy moved his picture and other traps out of Olivet Baptist Church, and we presume he has given up the ghost in Old Olivet. One year ago the A. M. E. Conference, which was held in St. Stephen's Church on the West side tryed Rev. Abe Murray for swapping spit with one of the female members of his church, for feeling her fat legs, and for attempting to assault another good looking warm sister of his flock, and we wonder it the Iowa conference this year will get after big Rev. Abe. for monkeying with Mrs. Patsy Dean. Rev. H. H. Thompson, presiding elder over the St. Paul A. M. E. district, seems to be a hard worker for his Lord, and it is claimed by his many friends that he has made a better showing in his district the past year than was made by any of his predecessors in two or three year. Rev. Thompson, has the reputation of being an honest man and it stands him in hand to endeavor to urge his fellow preachers to be likewise. Ed Cooper, of Washington, D. C., who is one of the dead-beats belonging to Prof. Booker T. Washington's Business League, who defrauded the writer out of eight dollar and thirty-five cents, attempted to read The Broad Ax a lesson on morals last week, if whisky swilling Ed. Cooper will pay the eight dollars and thirty-five cents which he owes us then we will cease to look upon him as a black livered liar and a low contemptable scoundrel. Theo. W. Jones attended the meeting of The Negro National Business League at Richmond, Va., and Mr. Jones took along with him ten copies of The Broad Ax containing his last article on Rev. Jasper Thomas and all the preachers and many other citizens of that city wanted to read it. He states that it would have been no trouble in disposing of five hundred or a thousand copies of the paper during the sessions of the league and since his return to the city he has ordered one hundred copies of The Broad Ax sent to Richmond, Va. Monday night Rev. Abe Murray held a political meeting in Bethel Church in the interest of Martin B. Maden, and Young Dixon and Rev. Abe came very near preaching himself out of his unclean shirt and his breeches. The Negro race is the only race in the wide world to have their churches turned into political halls for the benefit of the faking preachers and the small headed base white Republican politicians who contend that they can buy any "Darkey preacher and a whole church full of Niggers for ten dollars." The leaders of the Republican Party of North Carolina, also of South Carolina, met in state conventions last week and it was decided by the leaders of the G. O. Lily-White Party to eliminate the Negro leaders and voters from the ranks of the party, and the result was that ex-Congressman George H. White, and all other prominent Negroes were prevented from entering the conventions. The chairman of the convention in North Carolina "congratulated the party on the exclusion of the Negro, saying that the party was at last released from the body of death." This same spirit is weeping over the G. O. P. of murder and robbery all over the South as well as the North, but the vast majority of the Negroes are still sleeping and they are too stupid to realize their true political condition. Entered at the Post Office at Chicago, Ill., as Second-class Matter, August 19, 1902. Extraordinary Capacity of the Brain For Grasping Pigments in Slumber. An eminent public man of England whose mental faculties had been subjec- ted to too great a strain and who suffered greatly from mental depres- sion that amounted almost to the diase- case of melancholia, was told by his physician that he must rest his brain. He was a very busy man and scoffed at his doctor's prescription of a nap in the middle of the day, relates a London paper. Finally, after much persuasion, he agreed to this experiment: He would sit in his easy chair every afternoon with his hands on his knees, holding a dinnerbell in his hands. If he lost consciousness and went to sleep he would be willing to sleep for the period that it took for the dinner bell to fall to the floor and wake him. The doctor who suggested this arrangement declared that the mere mental relaxation of going to sleep, if only for a few seconds, would suffice to save him. He invited his patient to study the activity of the brain by noticing how many things he could dream while the dinner bell was falling to the floor. Every day for many months the man sat down after luncheon with the dinner bell in his hands. Every day he went to sleep, slept for half a second, while the bell fell to the floor, and his mental condition improved steadily, partly because of the rest which his mind got through losing consciousness for a second and partly because of his interest in the extraordinary dreams which passed through his brain while the bell was falling. THE REFORMED PIG. Governmental Efforts to Improve an Animal That Has Been Abused for Centuries. Our enterprising and diligent department of agriculture has set itself to an important task. It is going to improve the pig. At least, it will see whether the pig has any ambition to improve, comments the Brooklyn Eagle. It will raise a litter of sucklings in a yard floored with clean sand; it will bathe the animals; it will feed them delicately, and for a whole year will keep them in a condition of respectability. Then it will open the way to the usual pig pen and will stand by to see if the creatures forsake their manners and elect mud and the trough. Probably the pigs will elect to stay in the clean and wholesome yard. The obloquy that these beasts have fallen under is not of their seeking. Men have abused them by confining them in ill-kept places and feeding them on refuse. The pig in its natural state is not unclean. It is dirty when it is kept in a pen, because it cannot be otherwise. If afflicted with flies or vermin it has no resource but to lie in the mud. and as to its food, if it has nothing but the fermenting refuse of the house it must eat that or starve. When left at large swine do not usually seek filth and slime. When free to roam the woods they are no more unclean than cattle. It needs little experimenting to convince of that fact. MUSIC TO HEAL WOUNDS The Violin Has Been Employed as an Aid to Surgery in Paris. The attention of medical men has been called to two extraordinary cases reported from a hospital in Paris. A man had been seriously cut by accident and the wound refused to heal. From time to time the patient went into violent paroxyams and death appeared certain. A surgeon who had given much attention to the subject of vibrations secured the services of a violin player and treated the sufferer to a musical remedy. A change appeared at once and under the influence of the violin recovery was rapid and complete. In the other case a wound continued to suppurate in spite of all that could be done. The violin was again called into requisition and played close to the injured part, which was bared for the purpose. Soon the wound assumed a healthier appearance, suppuration ceased and complete cure was effected. In both these cases it was noted that only certain kinds of music were of benefit, showing that vibrations must be strictly in accordance with the nature of the wound. ALBUM OF FRENCH PRINTS. One in New York Public Library Contains Portraits of Men Who Helped America. The reception of the French delegation that came to this country for the unveiling of the Rochambeau monument adds interest to a fine album presented to the print department of the New York public library not long ago by William F. Havemeyer, reports the New York Sun. It consists of 126 portraits of French personages, both civil and military, who actively or sympathetically contributed to the success of the war against England for American independence. This collection was formed by a Parisian amateur interested in Americana, and demonstrated the enthusiasm which was evinced for American liberty by different classes of French society. The prints are carefully mounted, and each one is accompanied by a biographical note in manuscript, giving the reasons for its presence in the album. Many of the portraits are contemporary engravings, some are lithographs. Special attention should be made of the allegories on the declaration of war and the defeat of the English; the portraits of Louis XVI., Suffren, Menou and Necker printed in colors; a proof before letters of Chiffard's portrait of Admiral Rossel; a first state of Vangelisti's "Du Couedic," with Reims instead of Rennee, and some very rare physionotrace portraits. The table of contents shows a remarkable list of names of Frenchmen connected with our war for independence, and while, as indicated, recent occurrences call special attention to this gift, its historical and national value and interest must obviously be permanent. COMPOSITION OF METEORS. Show to Us of What Materials the Other Worlds Are Constituted. The meteors that flash across the sky at certain yearly periods usually burn out in the upper air, but occasionally a meteoric mass lasts long enough to reach the earth. On fell on May 15, 1900, at Felix, Ala. Meteors were seen on the occasion referred to and sundry explosions were heard, while later on a mass of meteoric substances weighing seven pounds was discovered imbedded in soft soil. This meteorite was analyzed and found to be built up of such minerals as olivine, augite, triolite, nickel-iron and graphite carbon. The dark color of the Felix stone is stated to be due to the presence in fair amount of the last-named substance. The interest attaching to meteorites, of course, centers around the fact that they enable us to obtain glimpses of the composition of other worlds than ours. Astronomy is well agreed on the unity of chemical composition which marks the orbs, and even the simple fact that it is hydrogen gas which blazes in the sun and gives us our light and heat is a testimony to this fact. Meteoric iron and carbon similarly display links between these erratic bodies and our own earth. GIVES AWAY NICKELS. Novel Method of a New York Storekeeper to Attract the Notice of Customers. A shopkeeper is this year calling the attention of customers and those he desires as such to his wares by a novel method, says the New York Sun. The person to whom it is addressed receives by mail a well-filled envelope, with no external markings to indicate its contents, but up in the left-hand corner of the envelope are printed the words: "The five cents is inside." The appearance of the envelope, together with the notice, is calculated to induce curiosity at once. The statement that the five cents is inside is true, for on opening the letter a bright new nickel of 1902 date is found tucked away between the middle pages of a pamphlet. The explanation given in the pamphlet is that the sender is not a stealer of other people's time, and that as it was calculated that the recipient would use up five cents' worth of his own time in reading the shopkeeper's story, the latter had decided to be honest and pay for the time used or "purchased," as he puts it, and he therefore inclosed a nickel in payment. Whether the method pays the shopkeeper is not yet a settled question. The Sensitive Egg "An egg in the process of hatching," says an expert, "is remarkably sensitive to vibration. Half the failures that amateurs encounter in hatching out chicks by the incubator method are due to lack of precaution in providing against the effect of vibration on the eggs. The rumble of a train or the passage of a wagon along the street will spoil a whole incubator full of eggs if the faintest vibratory wave reaches the apparatus. Even such a little thing as the banging of a door in some other part of the house will destroy the chances of hatching out a brood where care has not been taken to place the incubator beyond the reach of such disturbances. A thunder storm always gives breeders a scare, as thousands of eggs may be spoiled by a sudden heavy thunder clap. To sneeze or cough in the vicinity of the incubators will sometimes work a disastrous result." To Prevent Dust. An Austrian material for preventing the rising of dust on sweeping prover to be cottonseed oil. In a test at Vienna it was found that floors oiled twice a year could be swept weekly without any whirling of the dust, and the material was recommended for all rooms receiving many persons, as well as for laboratories, libraries and other places in keeping serpulously dust free. Even in a country so recently conscious of the past as our own, there are buried cities awaiting the pickax of the historian. Of these, none is perhaps more interesting, certainly none more picturesque, more colonial and—even to-day—more English than old Williamsburg, in Virginia—that "middle plantation," which in 1839 was "laid out and paled," to become a chartered city, the capital of a great colony under king and Its three streets of the reign of William and Mary are its only thoroughfares and two "back" streets, hardly more than grass-grown lanes of to-day. Duke of Gloucester street, broad and genially hospitable, stretches leisurely from the foundations of the ancient capitol building on the east (of whose walls not one brick is left nor one white pillar of its porticos) to the iron turnstile gates of William and Mary college grounds at the western extremity of the town. On the right, as one enters the college gate, is a charming mansion, the residence of the president of William and Mary, and upon the left, across the campus, stands the old Brafferton building, the earliest school for the education of Indians erected on American soil. In the time of Gov. Spotswood, says Country Life in America, it was necessary to resort to strenuous efforts to insure attendance, for the students were mainly hostages, the sons of chiefs of neutral or friendly tribes during Indian warfare. FIRST MONT PELEE DRAMA. A Play with the Martinique Volcano in It Produced in Paris in 1840. It is scarcely to be expected that the dramatists ever seeking some new field for the scene of their efforts will long allow the volcanic explosions at St. Pierre to escape them. But even the earliest to utilize any scenes of the recent eruptions will not be a pioneer in drawing inspiration from Mont Pelee, says the New York Sun. It has been recalled by a Frenchman with a long memory that Adolphe l'Ennery, author of "The Two Orphans," "A Celebrated Case," and about a hundred other melodramas, succeeded in getting before the public first with a play based on the volcano at Martinique. It was called "The Earthquake at Martinique," and was acted in 1840 at the Theatre de la Salette in Paris. The old play in spite of its horrors is said to have been very effective on the stage. In it the villain who murlered an old man led his wife and laughter into a crater of the volcano 100 feet under the surface of the earth. There was a sudden earthquake and the villain fell into a cavity and was killed, while the woman and her child were rescued. ELK TEETH AS INVESTMENT. One of the Chief Assets of a Montana Man Who Has a Big Fortune. "Elk teeth by the bushel are one of the chief assets which John Losekamp, of Billings, Mont., enumerates among his big fortune," said E. M. Hoskins, a Butte man, reports the Denver Post. "Losekamp keeps a general store at Billings and for many years it was his custom to trade supplies of one kind or another for elk teeth, which, by the way, were used for charms and amulets long before the Elks took them up as the emblems of their order. "The action of the Colorado lodges in agreeing to wear no more elk teeth because the demand for the teeth caused a wholesale slaughter of elk, had a marked effect in reducing the price. Other lodges respected the motive, and quite a boycott on elk teeth was on for a year or more. It seems, however, they are in demand again. "Losekamp has been selling his at two dollars' apiece for ordinary teeth and getting fancy prices for the very best. His stock is sufficient to supply the demand for years, but he makes no effort to sell them, as he wants to leave them as a part of his estate, believing they will increase in value faster than any other kind of property." LOATHE SIGHT OF GOLD. That Is the Effect of Constant Contact with the Metal Upon Mint Employees. "I have visited the mints of three countries," remarked a traveler, a medical man, according to the Chicago Tribune, "and I have found all the official guides in them broken down in nerve and victims of insomnia. Every one of these officials is required to give bonds, not only for his own honesty, but to cover theft by visitors whom he conducts over the place. It is customary to hand money about among the visitors to show the coins in their different stages of development. If the party be a numerous one the nerves of the guide are strung to such a pitch that at the Hotel de la Monnaie, in Paris, the man confessed that the sight of coined gold and silver was odious to him, and that he had come to look upon everyone who visited the mine as a possible robber. "Besides the effect upon the nerves, in nearly every case it has affected the eyesight. One of the guides told me that 32 years of continual gazing upon gold and silver had affected his sight so that he is unable to distinguish certain objects unless they possess peculiar iridescent qualities." IMPORTANCE OF WASHINGTON. A London Journal's Opinion of the Capital City as a Diplomatic Post. There is a new factor in European politics; it is America. More particularly is this new factor important in the calculations of the British empire. The development of the United States has shifted—for Great Britain, certainly—the diplomatic center from Paris to Washington, but our government altogether ignores the altered situation, says the London Truth. The following table of salaries paid to our diplomatic representatives is instructive: The British ambassador at Paris receives £9,000; at Berlin, Constantinople and Vienna, £8,000; at St. Petersburg, £7,800; at Rome, £7,000; at Washington, £6,500. Apart from other considerations, it is, therefore obvious that Paris is regarded by our diplomatists as the prize of the service, while Washington is a low rung in the ambassadorial ladder. But the United States send their best men to represent them in London, and London is the appointment which those men most value. It is time for us to remove from our minds the lingering impression that America is a rebellious British colony—a vulgar Anglo-Saxon suburb. The United States is now a great country, the most important foreign element that Great Britain has to deal with. Washington, must, therefore, be made the principal post in our diplomatic service, and to do that the salary must be considerably raised, even if at the expense of the other first-class appointments. It would be a pitiful blunder to appoint a new ambassador to succeed Lord Pauncefote on the old lines, to wit, as a representative to the last important embassy but Madrid! THE LOTTERY INIQUITY. The Louisiana lottery, the biggest of the lot, was driven out of New Orleans and out of the United States after years of attack by the postal authorities and the press. But the lottery evil is still with us, says the Atlanta Journal. Savannah is the lottery center of Georgia. It is said that several men have made fortunes by dealing in lottery tickets. There is hardly a city of considerable size in the United States where lottery tickets may not be purchased. Mexico has a large number and variety of lotteries which are liberally patronized in this country. Canada also supplies lottery tickets in great numbers to dealers in the United States and to individual purchasers. France, Germany and several other European countries help to satisfy the craving of our citizens who consider the lottery a quick and sure way to fortune. All classes of people supply the patrons who enrich the lotteries. Many persons of wealth buy lottery tickets regularly. The wage earners of the United States squander a large per cent. of their earnings in this form of gambling. Lotteries antedate civilization. Some of the earliest human records indicate the antiquity of lotteries. They thrive on the love of gambling, which is one of the most universal passions of men. LOOKING FOR A WIFE. He Was "Muskler" and "Morrel" But Couldn't Boast of Much Education. A Mississippi man sent the following letter in answer to a matrimonial advertisement: "I inclose my photograph with My Full Descriptions. It shows the features as nachel as can bee only it is to Dark; I am very lite Complexion, Gray eyes, Orbon hair, 6-foot high, weight 190 Lbs, inclined to be hump shouldered; A Muskler Man and a widower 28 years old, with A Common School Equations, but hav Got Anof to Atten to Enny Business. I am Strictly Morral. Don't use Tobacco Nor Whiskey." He is anxious to have her understand that her "Age, Complections, wait and All Suits me to ate, Kind Loving Girl! I hav Only one Thing to Offer, And it is Neither Lands Nar Gold. But a Strong Arm and True Hart, and will Lay Down My Life for the Rite Girl and Be happy, for i am Tired of living Alone. That Girl that Steels my Hart and takes my Name for the Remainder of My Lif i will make Happy, for I am Hunting a Girl that i can idleise and Make a Angel of." Tree That Turns to Stone. There is a tree that grows in Mexico called the "chijol," or stone tree. It is of enormous proportions, both in circumference and height. It has a number of branches spreading out widely and carrying leaves of a yellowish green color. The wood is extremely fine and easily worked in a green state. It is not given to either warping or splitting. The most remarkable thing about it is that after being cut the wood gets gradually harder, and in the course of a few years it is absolutely petrified, whether left in the open air or buried in the ground. From this timber houses can be built completely fire-proof, and would last as long as though built of stone. Annual Deaths by Lightning Incidental to the thunder season, the weather bureau has discovered that more than 700 persons are killed by lightning every year in the United States. In matter of fatalities from 1896 to 1900 Pennsylvania ranked first with 185, Ohio was next with 125, and Illinois, Indiana and New York were dead for third with 124 victims each. MERD OF DRIED CATALA. Twenty Thousand Caveses in the Colorado Desert a Monument of a Mouth Folly. "Ta crossing the Colorado desert in Arizona one sees a frightful monument to the folly of a man who thought that he could drive cattle across the desert with such speed that water would be unnecessary," said S. T. James, in the Pittsburg Press. "More than 30,000 carcasses lie at The Pools in that desert, and remind all travelers of the gigantic scheme to drive cattle through a desert country without making any provision for water. It was 30 years ago that an extensive cattleman, who was not familiar with the great desert of the southwest, thought it would be no barrier to his plan of taking cattle across it from the west into the grazing country. When the cattle reached The Pools, which are small lakes of foul alkali water, they were so crazed by thirst that they killed each other in their attempt to get at the water. The air in that country is so dry and the sun so hot that carcasses dry up instead of decomposing. As one approaches that great herd of dead animals the carcasses look as though they were poorly fed cattle. The hair has not fallen from the carcasses, and they have maintained their original shape so well that a man who is not familiar with the desert country might easily mistake them for beasts until he made close examination." THE ORNAMENT WAS LOADED. A Hornet's Next Comes to Life Under the Influence of Warmth in the House. The residence of Hiram Fulton, of Hartranft, Montgomery county, presented a scene of consternation and dismay several days ago, when a swarm of hornets took possession of the entire house unexpectedly, reports the Philadelphia Telegraph. Last fall Mr. Fulton found an excellent species of hornet's nest, and finding it perfect and intact, he thought it would make an excellent ornament for his home. Acting on the impulse, he took the nest home and hung it in the parlor. That portion of the house was used very little during the winter, and several days ago, when his wife was preparing the house for visitors, a fire was started in the parlor. The room soon became warm, and their attention was shortly attracted by a loud buzzing, and the next instant the room was filled with hornets that came from the ornamental nest. The heat caused them to come out, and resulted in a rush to escape from the room. Several of the family suffered from coming in contact with the business end of the insects, and over an hour's time was consumed driving them from the house. ALWAYS SOMETHING TO LEARN A Man Who Lived to the Age of 70 Before He Learned to Blow His Nose. President Eliot was arguing in favor of education, one night recently, says the Boston Journal. He said that he was learning something every day by being "shown how." He illustrated his point by describing the training of medical students and concluded by telling of an old friend of his who had suddenly become deaf in one ear. "How did this happen?" I asked him. "Well, I was blowing my nose the other day, when I felt something snap in my ear, followed by an aching and dullness. "When the doctor came he said the drum had split and asked how I did it "I only blew my nose,' I told the doctor. "Well, had you opened your mouth when you blew your nose you would not now have a damaged ear drum,' was the medico's reply. "You see, my friend had lived 70 years and had never been shown how to blow his nose," concluded President Eliot. The application was appreciated and greeted with a great burst of laughter. An Early Love Affair. It is common report in Spain that the king will marry his cousin, Princess Medina-Coeli. This may be true or it may not, but it is certain that the two children played together from babyhood, and regarded themselves as betrothed to each other, says Modern Society. "I will never marry you, you nasty boy!" cried the tiny princess with a delicious pout, oh one occasion when his majesty offended her highness. "Oh, very well!" coolly remarked the somewhat ungallant prospective bridegroom; "please yourself, by all means. I am sure I never asked you to be my wife. I should prefer to marry the pastry cook's daughter; then I could eat all the nicest cakes in the shop without having to pay for them." Big Relie Trust A reli le trust has been organized by the Omaha and Winnebago Indians. The president of this grasping monopoly is Great Thunder, a Winnebago, whose specialty is making bows and arrows. Green Rainbow and Prairie Chicken, makers of snakeskin belts, and John A. Logan, manufacturer of eagle feather headdresses, are directors. These leaders will hereafter fix the prices of Indian goods made for white purchasers. The Zuni Indians are sentimental in the extreme, and marry at a young age. When a youth is wooing a maiden he will go and sit before her with his back turned to her and untwine his head cloth. She rejects him by softly stealing away, or accepts him by running her hands caressingly through his loosened locks. An Illustrative Instance of the Slowness of Congress in Getting Into Action. The work of preparing all measures is done in secret, and no one person or leader, and no party, is responsible for what is done or left undone. The country does not know why this item is inserted in an appropriation bill, why that economy has been practiced, or what is the reason for some bit of extravagance, writes H. L. Nelson, in Century. Sometimes the committee demonstrates that even it might be enlightened by discussion and criticism, and perhaps the letting in of light would show that advantage might follow if congress and its committee should leave to the discretion of executive and administrative officers some of the details of expenditure. I have been told of a "breast-high stone wall" at West Point, for example. Years waxed and waned while superintendents pleaded for $20,000 for the construction of a "breast-high stone wall" on the road leading from the wharf to the plane, the road running along the edge of a precipice. At last congress moved, and the $20,000 wall was built. Having moved, it was now impossible for it to stop, so it went on year after year appropriating $20,000 each year for a "breast-high stone wall," until "breast-high stone walls" became a drug at the military academy. They ran around the post, and threatened to choke it up. Superintendents begged congress to shut them off, and finally succeeded. THE M'KINLEY DEATH COT. Disappearance of the Bed Upon Which the Assassinated President Breathed His Last. Although various people in New York, Boston, Chicago and other cities say they have the cot on which President McKinley died, they are all alike in error, states the New York Sun. According to Francis Almy, of the Pan-American exposition, two cots exactly alike were in the Milburn home for the use of the wounded president After Mr. McKinley died one of them was sent to Dr. Matthew D. Mann, one of the physicians in attendance. The other was replaced among the cots owned by the exposition company Both were originally taken from the hospital at the exposition. "There has been some talk," says Mr. Almy, "as to whether the second cot should be sent to the Buffalo Historical society. It seemed to be the feeling that it should not be preserved as the cot upon which the president died, but should lose its identity and be put with the other hospital cots and sold with them, regardless of its use during the president's illness. "That was done. The cot was placed with the others. Its identity was lost. No one knows who has it now. The cots were sold to persons and institutions in different parts of the country "I cannot tell whether Mr. McKinley died on the cot which went to Dr Mann or on the other one." IN THE GOOD OLD TIMES. Many Things Were Lacking That Are Now Considered Necessary for Comfort. People who talk of the good old times should read these facts compiled by Popular Mechanics. In the good old times: There was not a public library in the United States. Almost all the furniture was imported from England. An old copper mine in Connecticut was used as a prison. There was only one hat factory, and that made cocked hats. Virginia contained a fifth of the whole population of the country. A man who jeered at the preacher or criticized the sermon was fined. or criticised the sermon was niced. Two stage coaches bore all the travel between New York and Boston. A day laborer considered himself well paid with two shillings a day. The whipping post and pillory were still standing in New York and Boston. Trousers were fastened with pegs or laces. The church collection was taken in a bag at the end of a pole, with a bell attached to arouse the sleepy contributors. Turns Them to Stone. Human bodies buried in limestone countries are often turned to solid stone by the limewater which penetrates the graves. In other soils there are elements which sometimes so embalm the buried dead as to preserve form and features unchanged. Many such cases are on record. Robert Burns' body was disinterred in 1815 to be removed to a new tomb. To the surprise of all his friends the features were found to be as perfect as at burial. When the body of John Hampden, the famous English patriot and leader, was disinterred by Lord Nugent 200 years after burial the form and features were as unchanged as if the corpse had been recently laid in the grave. One of the clever little tricks of the day is the conversion of a circular into a personal communication. The very latest device is to have the circular, in the usual facsimile of typewriter type, printed on dampened paper. The effect delights the heart of the most expert artist in public deception, says the New York Press. The alight moistening blurs the ink ever so slightly and leaves the sheet a trifle uneven of surface, thus giving it the appearance of having been especially dictated for the recipient and put through the office copying press. A two-cent stamp completes the little fraud, which harms nobody. The Italian bankers of Elizabeth and Berry streets are filing their show windows with greenbacks in an effort to attract trade and convince the public that one has more money than the other. In the window of one other $30,000 was on exhibition one recently, says the New York Sun. Of all denominations were owned carelessly around the window, attracting crowds. "Them ain't all real money," remarked one woman, "them's imita- Ten," replied a man in the crowd, "that's the genuine long green we all struggle for." I never t'ought dere was dat much money in de world," chimed in a red boy. Two Italian laborers got into an argument as to the amount of cash in the window. One thought there must have been at least $1,000,000. About noon two men with long whis- ters stopped their vending wagon in front of the place. They had come out from the East Side of town. "What? Tirty tousand dollar in dot show all der time!" exclaimed one. "Dot is it," replied the other. "It n't too much for a bank, what?" "No; but look at der interest which it is losing every minute. What a harmfulness! Interest! Lost inter- est $1,500 a year." LEAP-YEAR BIRTHDAYS. Unique Society in Berlin Which In to Hold a Big Celebration in 1904. Herr Monteur, a worthy resident of Berlin, is over 70 years old, but will celebrate his eighteenth birthday on February 29, 1904. He is president of the Berlin society of leap year children, the one organization of its kind in the world. The members have had no birthday celebration for eight years, the extra February day having been omitted in 1904 according to the rules of the reformed calendar. Therefore the society is planning a great celebration on February 29, 1904. A committee of arrangements is already in work, and something extraordinary may be expected, as on account of the society's curious origin many prominent persons have interested themselves in the matter. The month of February in 1886, by the way, was even more interesting than that which will be marked by the unique Berlin celebration. It had no full moon, and in that was the most remarkable in the world's history, for never before had such a thing occurred. January of that year had two full moons, and so had March, but February had none. How extraordinary this event was may be judged from the fact that according to the computation of astronomers it will not occur again for 2,500,000 years. ART AND ATHLETICS. The Outdoor Movement, It Is Thought, Will Advance the Two Interests. The universally increasing attention now being given, especially in Carlo-Saxon countries, to out-of-offer sports and to physical culture is a sign of the best omen. No class can have a greater solicitude for the sufferance of this movement than the artists, for they cannot create beautiful forms without having beautiful forms around them from which to draw inspiration. The art of a nation is but the mirror of that nation's ideals, and faithfully reflects their slightest change. Save Outing. This new conception of the value of athletics will add dignity, interest and standing, making it a factor second to none in the development of our civilization. It will be a mighty influence in the creation of a new and superior type of men and women. That women are growing more and more to realize this is evidenced by the athletic tendency of the modern girl. If she will combine therewith an intelligent effort after well-balanced and harmonious development the results are bound to be satisfying in the extreme, for in many ways the female body is quicker than the male to respond to training. CURING A BALKY HORSE. Simple Methods May Be Employed Without Resorting to the Use of the Whip. An expert states that the vice of walking in horses is almost invariably caused by improper breaking and handling of the animal while young. It is only high-strung and ill-tempered horses that balk; and these are handled with more success by humoring and patience than by severe measures, which generally make matters worse. It is almost impossible to follow rules in a case of this sort. What will succeed in one case is useless in another, so that a driver must exercise good judgment—"horse sense"—in handling cases. A very good treatment is to watch the animal closely in places where it would be likely to halk, and driver should say "Whoa," then get off and loosen or pretend to change the harness in some way; also take up foot and tap the shoe with a stone. Spend a few moments leisurely in this way, and in nine cases out of ten the animal will forget its inclination to walk and will go on at the first bid. It is also well to give a lump of sugar or a handful of oats of an apple. This will always produce better results than severe measures. "Of all the soldiers the king has decorated within the last three years of the war for bravery in the face of the enemy none deserves the Cross for Valor more than himself, who grimly and silently faced disease and death, unarmed and without a comrade," says Richard Harding Davie, in Collier's Weekly. "For now that the whole dramatie, pitiful story is out, England learns—now that it is too late—of the days of gnawing pain when her king forced himself to smile and bow at court, to watch a horse race, to review a regiment, to drive through London with an assured and cheerful countenance. It is not pleasant to think of the torture of those days, of the mental-anxiety as well as the bodily torment, when the king kept on his feet against the protests of his physicians, when his endurance was tested by hours of unceasing pain—pain so great that it is not decent to disclose it. Nor is it pleasant to remember that last drive through the park to Buckingham palace, when the people for some reason failed to cheer him heartily, while all the time he sat erect, pale and with set teeth, holding himself upright only by his will, and that they might be gratified." THE YOUNGEST PEERESS Lady Betty Bligh, Baroness of Olifton, Three Years Old, Has a Coronation Robe, The youngest peeress of Great Britain who has the right to attend the coronation of King Edward is Lady "Betty" Bligh, now Baroness Clifton, daughter of the late seventh earl of Darnley and Jemima, countess of Darnley. Although the baby countess can be barely three years old, having been born in 1900, the same year in which her father died, she is having a coronation robe made for her on the lines of those of the other peeresses, and, owing to her extreme youth, she will without doubt be an object of much interest and attraction in the coronation show at Westminster. The father of Lady "Betty" was the sixteenth Baron Clifton and seventh earl of Darnley. He married Miss Jemima Blackwood, daughter of the late Francis J. L. Blackwood, niece of the present baronet of the name, and a relative of the duke of Manchester. The tiny countess comes of a distinguished lineage. She is seventeenth in succession from the first Baron Clifton. In the history of the family the right of succession has fallen to the women of the house about as many times as to the men. BELGIANS HONOR MAY DAY. The Subjects of King Leopold Celebrate the Arrival of the Month of Flowers Each Year. The month of May is the most highly honored of the whole year by the Belgians. It is known as the virgin's month and consecrated to the Virgin Mary. In the province of Liege young maidens have a quaint way of predicting their love affairs this month. A group of girls arrange to meet at sunrise and start to walk through the fields until they come to a hedge, quite unobserved from the highway, where they generally choose a honeysuckle bush beneath the protecting branches of which to perform their mystic operations. Each maiden selects three blades of dew-laden grass, the tops of which she cuts to equal lengths, and to each of which she attaches a colored silken thread. Black represents a bacholer, red an unknown lover and green the secret desires of the maiden's heart. Ten days afterward they return to the same spot where they left the blades growing, and that blade of the three chosen which has surpassed the others in height reveals the lover the maiden is destined to have. HOW TO KEEP YOUNG. A Problem in Which the Gentler Sex Have Long Been Inter- The problem of how to keep young or how to keep from looking old, has engaged the thoughts of both men and women ever since the world began. Women especially have shown a deep interest in the vexatious matter, for their influence with men has always depended much on physical freshness and beauty. Numerous writers have contributed their views as to defying the riddle of the ravages of time. The latest well-known writer to discuss on the familiar theme is Max O'Rell. Without giving a recipe for the preservation of beauty, M. Blouet, drops many useful hints as to the causes which lead to the unnaturally early disappearance of youth in some people. Bad temper and a lack of humor are, in his opinion, the two greatest enemies of youth and beauty. Max O'Rell thinks that with the aid of a sense of humor and good temper a woman can be young and beautiful until 50. After 50 he can offer no advice on the subject. Mica Vell for Automobillists. The only successful substitute for the ugly goggles worn by automobillists are said to be a veil of mica invented by a Parisian milliner. It is intended for the use of ladies who object to the disfiguring effect of goggles. A sheet of mica in the form of a vizor, set close to the face, is attached to the cap. It is a great improvement over the ordinary devices for protecting the PUZZLE THE WOMEN: The Ways of Government and Legislative Action Are Distinctive Two ladies from Massachusetts were in the senate gallery one day recently when their escort, who was showing them various objects of interest, pointed out the deks of Senators Hoar and Lodge, says the Washington Star. "The deks, you see," said the impromptu guide, "are next to each other." "Oh," exclaimd one of the ladies, "I know now what it means when it is said that senators are paired." Stories of the mistakes which women make concerning public matters are always current at the capitol. The other day an eastern congressman received a letter from a lady in his district who asked him to look after her nephew. "He is a secretary in the cabinet or something of the sort," wrote the lady, and the congressman finally found him acting as clerk to a very subordinate official in the treasury department. The capitol guides tell the story of the woman who, when told the vice president presided over the senate, said that she always wanted to see Bryan. "But Bryan is not vice president," explained the guide. "I thought he was," replied the lady, "because he got almost as many votes as McKinley." And there is still another story of the woman visitor to the capitol who asked the name of the secretary of state. "Mr. Hay," was the reply. "Mr. Hay?" queried the woman, in surprise. "That can't be, because Mr. Hay is a member of the cabinet!" [DEA OF THE CASH REGISTER. It Came to an Ohio Man While He Was Watching the Machinery of an Ocean Steamer. "A hotel keeper watching the machinery of a big ocean steamer working in midocean received a mental suggestion that resulted in the modern sash register," said C. G. Eakin, of Dayton, O. "The inventor of the first cash register was 'Jake' Rittie, a hotel keeper, of Dayton, O., according to the Kansas City Times. He was on the way to Europe several years ago, when he was invited to look at the machinery that propelled the steamer that was conveying him across the sea. The chief engineer showed the hotel man the apparatus that registered the number of revolutions of the propeller. "Why wouldn't the same idea be a good thing to keep track of a cash account?' the hotel man asked. 'I am on my way to Europe, and some of my employees might be robbing me in Dayton. If I could invent a machine to keep a cash account I would make a fortune.' The hotel man hurried home to begin work on a cash register. He did not take his trip through Europe, but took an early steamer homeward bound. "The modern cash register is the result of the idea the Dayton hotel man caught while watching the machinery of an ocean steamer. Of course, improvement in cash registers are made every month, but the principle of all of them is the same." PAYS THE FARMERS WELL. The Importance of Fruit and Vegetable Raising Is Increasing Every Year. Gardeners and fruit growers, especially those residing near the larger cities of the country, have been enjoying a profitable business of late years and the demand for their products is still on the increase, says the Chicago Chronicle. The handling of these articles, too, has developed and is a great business enterprise, commanding millions of dollars of capital. Already North America is the greatest fruit-growing country in the world, practicing the most scientific and progressive methods. The flower-growing interest is itself an important source of national wealth. Where once we grew tomatoes in an amateurish way as a garden product, we now grow them in blocks of hundreds of acres. So great have become the horticultural interests in this country that departments of horticulture have been established even in many small as well as the large schools. The generation to come will see the different branches of horticulture, each in itself a department of the institution. The extent to which these special industries are singled out and emphasized measures the increasing importance of agriculture as a whole. "When Gen. Louis Botha passed through Vryheid a few weeks ago," says the London Chronicle, "the impression given by his good spirits was that he was pleased with the 'terms.' The English commanding officer went out to exchange courtesies with Botha, and our infantry gave him a guard of honor until he joined his own burghers a few miles out of Vryheid. All this is as might be expected, but a strange incident occurred. The English officer in charge of the escort was presented to Gen. Botha's secretary, Jacobus De Wet, who had been three years at Oxford, and to his aid-decamp, Louis Eslem, also a 'varsity man. They were evidently anxious to get speech with our lieutenant, and their first words were: "Who won the boat race?" BixyMost Directions. The following notice appears on a signboard near Port Clinton, Pa.; "Notle. Take this road to Port clinton. You cant drive over the Finte-clock Bridge. She is too Poore, and like 12 fentsup. Suprdidest." A FAIRY TALE OF INDUSTRY. Interesting Pictures About the Great Few people have any notion of the stupendous operations going on at Sault Ste. Marie, the little Canadian village on the shores of Lake Superior, where an industrial center of enormous magnitude is now being created by the energies of one man. "Harnessing Lake Superior" is the title of an article in Pearson's, which gives this remarkable story: "Five years ago the sleepy little Canadian town of Sault Ste. Marie numbered 2,500 inhabitants. Past its doors the surplus waters of Lake Superior, mightiest of inland oceans, emptied into Lake Huron. Untold millions of horse power energy lay latent in their idly flowing eddies, but only the slow-turning wheels of a few old flour mills stood to mark their commercial usefulness, while but an occasional steamer or a paddle propelled canoe disturbed the tranquil surface. Almost as in a night a metamorphosis has taken place. "Where once was a scattered group of village dwellings, great stone buildings, with towers and shafts and connecting passageways, now stand, and at their base deep-dug canals wind in and out, spanned by bridges of massive stone. Nine thousand workmen now earn their livings in the shops at Sault Ste. Marie, beside the site where five years ago the total population was but a quarter of that number. It is a truly wonderful story, this story of the growth of the little frontier town into a great industrial centre; and its story is the history of the career of one man—Francis H. Clergue." GOOD FOR JEWELERS. Ping-Pong La Said to Be Hard on Watches and the Repairer Will Profit. "Ping-pong is a fine game," said a jeweler, who does a lot of repairing, to a Sun man. "No outdoor or indoor sport has ever given us so much to do. It is surprising how many persons have broken their watches since the game became a fad, says the New York-Sun. "You see, people play the game without removing their coats or waistcoats. In the excitement they forget about their watches, and the first thing a man knows his timepiece bounds out of his pocket. Sometimes it strikes the table, but wherever it does fall the watch is damaged. "That is not all. A player may tie his watch to his pocket, but still it gets out of gear. The constant jumping around and the swinging of the arms disturbs the works so the watch has to be brought to us to be regulated. "I have had as many women's watches as men's to repair. The women are even more careless than the men. Their watches dangle from their shirt waists, and as a result the watch jumps around like a weathercock in a gale of wind. "Surprising as it may seem, my income from repairing watches has almost tripled since the craze of ping-pong began." SAXONY'S ECCENTRIC KING. Interesting Stories Are Told of the Peculiar Habits of the Former Ruler. The newspapers have lately been full of incident of the life of the deceased king of Saxony, but they are mostly connected with his public military career. Of his private life little is told except that in its extreme simplicity it resembled closely that of Emperor William I. It is reported that King Albert had a rooted objection to exchanging his old clothes for new ones, and it was only with great difficulty that his groom of the chamber could persuade him to have a new coat tried on. One day when he had just undergone the torment of having clothes tried on, the king happened to pass through the famous hall of the knights, in the Dresden palace. Looking up at the figures of the mail-clad knights, he said, with a deep sigh: "What a good time the old knights had in their iron armor; they were troubled with no creases." A retired captain of the Saxony army, whom everybody knew as being under his wife's thumb, applied for permission to wear his old uniform on special occasions. The king wrote on the margin of the application: "I am quite willing, if his wife permits it." Some statistical losses are hailed with pleasure. New York city is glad to hear that it has only 65,086 horses and 3,326 stables, compared with 73,746 horses and 4,649 stables in 1896. Electricity and automobiles are responsible for the change, and it is an important one in the direction of cleaner streets. Horrors of the Cinematograph. The exhibition of cinematograph pictures showing the operation recently performed on the Hindoo twins, Radica, and Doodica, has awakened a storm of disgust in Vienna. The pictures show all the horrors of the dissecting room, and the dreadful contortions of the Himbs when under the knife. Massachusetts' Smallest Town. Goanold, the smallest town in Massachusetts, comprises those little specks of land which, beginning at Woods Holl, at the shoulder of old Cape Cod's right arm, extend seaward till they terminate in that fatal reef of the Sew LO AS A HOUSE SERVANT. Indian Boys and Girls Have of Late Been Taking to Housework in the West. Indian schools all over the southwest have recently adjourned for the summer, and the students are being employed very rapidly by those who keep servants. The Indian boys make excellent cooks, while an Indian girl, once trained, is a fine maid of all work, a modish hairdresser and endowed with an inborn taste which becomes picturesque when combined with a few civilized touches. The system of training now bestowed upon the red children at school-teaches them to become servile to their superior—the paleface, and the present generation in training have become so accustomed to serving their paleface teachers that they are more than willing to enter the household as servants. Herein may lie the solution of the servant-girl question—for a time, at least, says a western exchange. Indian youths are strong, agile, and if brought up by the right kind of methods, are perfectly willing to work. They are healthy and quick of limb. This makes an excellent combination for a servant. Statistics of the Indian taken recently show that of the 45,000 workers among the various tribes, 3,000 of them are employed as helpers in the houses of palefaces. You never see the Indian servant at his or her beat until you visit the home of an old Indian agent on one of the reservations. QUESTION OF CONSCIENCE The View Taken of It by a Clock to Whom an Honest Customer Returned Two Cents. "Some folks," said a store clerk, according to the New York Sun, "are too honest. Now I've had somebody come in to me when the boss was standing by, somebody that had bought something of me-the day before, and hand over two cents and say: "'You gave me two cents too much change yesterday, and I've brought it back.' "He couldn't rest, you see, that man, until he'd got that two cents off his conscience and returned it. But in getting rid of that load himself he simply shifted it onto me. Here's the boss standing by when that two cents is returned; and the boss says to himself, with his eye on me: "'Hm! If you make a mistake of two cents, you'd make one of two dollars,' and so, you see, that super-honest man's return of that two cents may do me a lot of harm. "The meaning of which is, if I can make myself clear, that we don't want to be too blamed honest. A man can be too honest and worry himself over trifles that he ought not to bother over. "I should say that if the honest man must bring two cents back let him turn it in some time when the boss wasn't 'round." BETRAYED BY GOLDEN LOCKS. The Sad Experience of a Public Officer Who Sought the Aid of Hair Dye. A prominent public official began to show signs of baldness, and then rather surprised his friends by appearing with a sleek, well-groomed crop of dark hair, relates the Philadelphia Record. For some time no one suspected a wig. But a few days ago he appeared with the top of his head covered with the usual dark brown hair, but a sharp line from the tips of the ears marked a strange contrast, for the hair below the line was of the bright golden hue which is the pride of the "chemical blondes." It was found out that the man found his natural hair was turning gray and desired to make it match the wig, so he invested in a preparation warranted to darken the hair, and in the secret of his own room applied it. But, owing to some strange chemical combination, instead of making the silvered hair dark it made the dark hair golden, and so far the unfortunate man has found nothing that will counteract the striking contrast, so he is compelled to endure no small amount of chaffing from his friends. THE KAISER KEPT HIS WORD. Sends Troops to Crefold So That the Girls Might Dance with Soldiers. During his recent tour in the Rhenish industrial district the kaiser was extremely pleased at seeing so many signs of progress. He was in high good humor when at the close of the Crefeld visit he thanked the maids of honor for their attendance, says a Boston report. He complimented them on their graceful figures, spoke of the charming Crefeld faces, and asked if the lieutenants often danced with them. When the ladies replied that Crefeld possessed no lieutenants the kaiser laughed heartily and said: "Then I must send you some." As he was leaving he added: "I will keep my word." Next day the chief burgomaster of Crefeld received the following telegram from Lieut. Gen. von Bissing, commander of the Seventh army corps: "By order of his majesty the keiser and king, Crefeld is to receive a garrison. Kindly forward proposals for the accommodation of a husar regiment in the town." Insane because a white woman had refused to marry him Evans Brady, full blooded Indian, died in Bellevue hospital, New York, recently. The first locks at St. Mary's falls were opened in 1855, in which year the registered tonnage was 106,296. The half-million mark was reached in 1863, and the 1,000,000 mark was passed in 1872. In 1881, exactly coincident with the opening of a new and much larger lock, the northwest began to grow by leaps and bounds, and the tonnage of the canal rose from 2,000,000 tons in 1882 to 9,000,000 in 1890 and to 16,000,000 in 1896. During the past five years, two more enormous locks have been in operation, one of them on the Canadian side of the river, and in this short time the tonnage of the canal has leaped up to nearly 28,500,000 tons. This colossal tonnage is simply a manifestation of the development which has taken place in the northwest, along with which has come the building of thousands of miles of railroad, including two lines from the head of Lake Superior to the Pacific coast, says the Engineering Magazine. If by some cataclysm of nature the great lakes should be dried up, the enormous traffic now carried on their waters would be divided among the railroads — it would simply cease to exist. The whole galaxy of cities from Buffalo to Chicago and Duluth would be overwhelmed in hopeless, irretrievable ruin and the railroads could in no wise escape the general disaster. GATHERING OPIUM. Cultivators Go Forth in the Evening with Lances and in the Early Morning with Pots. It is a sort of garden cultivation, the poppy plant being grown in little squares or beds intersected by tiny water channels for irrigation wherever this is possible. The growth of the plants is carefully tended, and at length the time comes when they burst out into flower, and the fields look like a sheet of silver as the white petals of the flowers glisten in the morning dew. These beautiful petals are the first produce of the crop, for the women and children of the cultivators' families come forth and pick them off one by one and carefully dry them, so that they may serve afterward as the covering of the manufactured cakes of opium. Then the poppies, with their bare capsule heads, remain standing in the open field until it is considered that they are ripe for lancing. The cultivators then come forth in the evening, and, with an implement not unlike the knives of a coupling instrument, they scarify the capsule on its sides with deep incisions, so that the juice may exude. In the early morning the cultivators reappear with a scraping knife and their earthenware pots, and they scrape off the exuded juice and collect it in their pots. And this is crude opium. MUST HAVE THE SWORD. An Article That Is Necessary to the Completeness of a Naval Surrender. Naval red tape is as stringent as that existing in the army, and sometimes the enforcement of the regulations leads to ludicrous results. Some years ago, when the late Admiral Skerrett was a captain, an officer who had been charged with an offense and ordered under arrest presented himself to be arrested. Th regulations provide that on such occasion the officer shall be in full dress and wear a sword. The officer wore his uniform, but had no sword. "I can't arrest you," said Capt. Skerrett, looking for the missing sword, "unless you come prepared to submit your sword to me." The officer explained that he had not received his sword from home, although it had been expressed to him. "Well, you'll have to get one," was the reply. So the officer skirmished about in the navy yard for someone who had a sword to lend. Finding one, the offender returned to Capt. Skerrett and was promptly and regularly put under arrest according to regulations. DOGS REFUSE TO STARVE. The Clever Little Joke of a German Professor Who Was Called to Columbia University. Some little time ago Prof. Hirth, who was called from Munich, Germany, to Columbia university as Chinese lecturer, lived in the same house with a rabid vivisectionist, then practicing on half a dozen large dogs. Hirth's colleague was trying to find out how long the dogs could stand being left without food before they would fall upon and devour each other. The dogs were fed on wind for two weeks, yet looked round and happy. The vivisectionist couldn't understand it, says the Washington Post. The kennel being closed on all sides, it seemed impossible for anyone to feed the dogs on the sly. Still, the fact remained that they refused to starve, even after a month's apparent fasting. Then the vivisectionist watched, and discovered that late at night Prof. Hirth had lowered large chunks of horse meat into the kennel from above. Hirth had allowed each dog six pounds of horse steak and bone a day. Close Croppers. Sheep and cattle cannot pasture over the same territory. Where the sheep wander the grass is gleaned with the devastation of a prairie fire, and the odor is such that cattle will for weeks shun the range. The next issue of The Broad Ax will contain a warm article from Mr. Theodore W. Jones on Rev. Jasper F. Thomas. AT THE TOMB OF ELIHU YALE. A Little Welsh Town That Is the Scene of a Sort of American Pilgrimage. A bazar was lately held which excites great interest in north Wales, in aid of the restoration of Wrexham church, one of the finest in the principality. Wrexham contains a monument which has become a sort of shrine to Americans who have been educated at Yale college, inasmuch as it is that of Elihu Yale, and bears a quaint inscription which has become famous. Never was immortality so easily acquired as by Yale. It cost him some chattels, which he sent over to aid, by the request of friends, a struggling college at New Haven, Conn., and which fetched a few hundred pounds; but this in 1718 was such a boon that the college took his name, and is now famous as Yale university, says a London paper. Elihu Yale's daughter married Lord James Cavendish, son of the first duke of Devonshire, and had an only child, who married the son of Dr. Chandler, Bishop of Durham, whom she made take the name of Cavendish. She was a lady of masculine tendencies, and commonly known as "Jack" Cavendish. The Yale students have presented Wrexham church with a handsome visitors' book. NATION ADDING TO NAVY. According to Present Indications, Many Vessels Will Be Added to the Fleet. The United States is rapidly adding to its navy. In three years it will probably have the largest number of ships able to engage in active warfare of any country in the world. Battle-ships, cruisers and monitors are now in course of construction, and will be launched as soon as completed, says a Washington report. The next to take to the sea is the Pennsylvania, which will be launched from Cramp's shipyard next season and christened by Miss Quay, daughter of the Pennsylvania leader, who will break a bottle upon the bow and name the ship with appropriate ceremony. The starting of a ship of war upon its journey is such an important ceremony, and one attended with so many honors, that the greatest rivalry exists for the honor of breaking the bottle. Wires are pulled, plans are laid a year in advance, and often feelings are engendered that are quite the reverse of friendly or patriotic. The selection of Miss Quay has given universal satisfaction in Philadelphia and Washington, as she is a young woman, pretty and accomplished, and already identified in public affairs. DOOMS AN ADOBE THEORY. Field Museum Authority Finds That Sept Indian Children Purified the Experts. Dr. George Dorsey, of the Field Columbian museum, has made a discovery in his investigations among the Hopi Indians that overturns many of the old theories of anthropologists in regard to supposed inscriptions on the adobe houses of the tribe. He made the announcement of his discoveries in a lecture to the students of the University of Chicago the other afternoon on "Civilization Among the Hopi Indians." "These inscriptions that the anthropologists have been trying to decipher and read for years," said Dr. Dorney, "have been found to be nothing more than the scratches made by mischievous Hopi children in the mud of the adobe houses after they have been freshly built. They are not mysterious inscriptions at all. They are only the results of childish pranks. Of course this discovery makes the anthropologists feel rather vexed, but the markings have much resemblance to some kind of picture writing, and may well be taken for some kind of inscriptions." Criminals in Buenos Ayres. Buenos Ayres has issued its criminal statistics for 1901. They include 90 murders, 244 attempted assaults and over 3,000 thefts, burglaries and swindles. Rooms for Rent. Elegantly furnished rooms for rent with bath and gas at $232 Wabash avenue. HOUSE AND LOT WANTED. Anyone having a good house and lot for sale on easy payrents located between 59th and 69 Halsted and Ashland avenue, will find it to their advantage to address Julius F. Taylor, 6940 Armour avenue, Chicago. 226 Twenty-Fifth Street, SANITARY DISTRICT OF CHICAGO. TO CONTRACTORS. Sealed proposals addressed to the Board of Trustees of the Sanitary District of Chicago and endorsed: "Proposals for constructing certain works for the conservation of water power on the channel of the Sanitary District of Chicago and the Desplaines River, will be received by the Clerk of the Sanitary District at Room 1110 Security Building, Chicago, until 12 M. (Standard Time) of Wednesday, the 15th day of October, 1902, and will be publicly opened by said Board of Trustees at a meeting of the Board held that day. The work for which said tenders are invited covers two separate locations: First: In the vicinity of Lockport, Will County, Illinois, a hereinafter known as the Lockport development), the preparation of wall foundations, the building of concrete retaining walls, the excavation of a channel both above and below the site selected for the power development, the building of sluice ways, levees and other works auxiliary to the project of power development, such as raising the grade of highways and bridges appertaining thereto, all in accordance with the plans adopted therefor by the Sanitary District. Second: In the vicinity of Hickory Creek, near the southern limits of Joliet, Will county, Illinois (hereafter known as the Hickory Creek development), the excavation and preparation of foundations for a dam and constructions appertaining thereto, and a tall race; the building of a concrete masonry dam and constructions appertaining thereto, together with the building of coffer dams, levees and all auxiliary work necessary to the execution of the plans for the work. The work for which said tenders are invited includes supplying all materials, tools, appliances, labor and superintendence essential to the proper execution of the work within the time required by, and in accordance with, the plans, specifications and directions of the Sanitary District. Bidders will make separate proposals for the work to be done at each of the pieces of work designated herein. Each bid must be accompanied by a certified check or cash to the amount of three thousand ($3,000) dollars. All certified checks must be drawn on some responsible bank doing business in the City of Chicago and made payable to the order of the Clerk of the Sanitary District of Chicago. Said amounts of three thousand ($33,000) dollars deposited with bids will be held by the Sanitary District of Chicago until all of the respective bids for said structure have been canvassed and the contracts awarded and signed, and return of said check or cash being conditioned upon the appearance within ten (10) days after receiving notice of the award to him, of the contractor to whom the award shall have been made, with bondsmen, and the execution by him of a contract with the said Sanitary District for the work so awarded, and giving a bond satisfactory to the Board of Trustees for the sums hereinafter named, viz.: For the Lockport development in the sum of one hundred thousand ($100,-000) dollars: For the Hickory Creek development the sum of seventy-five thousand ($75,000) dollars. All bids must be made upon the blank forms furnished by the Sanitary District. No bid will be considered unless the party making it shall furnish evidence( satisfactory to the Board of Trustees of his experience in the class of work to be undertaken by him and of his financial ability successfully to prosecute said contract in case the same shall be awarded to him. Bidders are requested to state in their bids their individual names and places of residence in full. The said Board of Trustees reserves the right to reject any and all bids. THE SANITARY DISTRICT OF CHICAGO. By THOMAS A. SMYTH, President of its Board of Trustees. Attest: A. R. PORTER, Clerk. More Men Than Women. In all but 11 of the 52 states and territories the males outnumber the female population. These 11 states are along the Atlantic seaboard. California contains the greatest excess of men; the recorded number being 156, 109; Minnesota comes second, with 113, 186; Texas third, with 109,00 and Pennsylvania fourth, with 106,007. Now Emperor William's Turn. Queen Alexandra has bought a book written by President Roosevelt, and the Chicago Record-Herald remarks that Emperor William will have to hurry up now and do something else to keep up the friendly relations. Short-Sighted Insect. A caterpillar cannot see more than a centimeter ahead; that is to say, less than two-fifths of an inch. The hairs on the body are said to be of as much use as his eyes in letting it know what is going on around. The Telephone in Corsica. Ajaccio, in Corsica, the birthplace of Napoleon, has a new telephone service. At present its subscribers are three in number. Now Emperor William's Turn. Queen Alexandra has bought a book written by President Roosevelt, and the Chicago Record-Herald remarks that Emperor William will have to hurry up now and do something else to keep up the friendly relations. JOHN E. OWENS Attorney at Law, SUITE 621 ASKLAND BLOCK, 80 S. Clark Street, - - CHICAGO FREDERICK W. JOB ATTORNEY AT LAW 822 MARQUETTE BUILDING Telephone 2310 Centraf CHICAGO LAWRENCE A. NEWBY ATTORNEY-AT-LAW Room 6, 128 LaSalle St., CHICAGO RESIDENCE 2623 WABASH AVE William Howard Fitzgerald LAWYER Room 402 Reaper Block, CHICAGO JOSEPH A. McINERNEY LAWYER SUITE 706-708 CHICAGO OPERA HOUSE CHIJAGO Beauregard F. Moseley, LAWYER. Practice in all Courts. Main Office 6256 Halsted St, Down Town Office 260 S. Clark St., Room 421 Hours from 12 to 2 P. M. Phone: 2533 Harrison. ISRAEL COWEN ATTORNEY AT LAW 615 TACOMA BUILDING 'Phone Main 717. CHICAGO WILLIAM RITCHIE ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR. Suite 519-520 Oxford Building 84 LA SALLE ST., CHICAGO Telephone Main 1646. JOHN FITZGERALD JUSTICE OF THE PEACE 4707 S. HALSTED STREET, CHICAGO S. A. McELWEE ...LAWYER... 36 S. Clark St., CHICAGO. Room 708 Ogden Building Residence, 3153 Forest Av. Robert M. Mitchell Attorney at Law Suite 9, No. 77 South Clark St. CHICAGO ALBERT B. GEORGE LAWYER. 22 Ashland Block, Chicago. — Tol. M. 2024. — EDWARD H. WRIGHT LAWYER Coal, Wood, Feed & Ice Terms Strictly Cash on Delivery 137 W. 47th St., - CHICAGO Telephone Blue 284 ALEX I. WYATT, JEWELER AND OPTICIAN Manufacturer of OPTICAL AND REFRAOTING GOODS Watches and Jewelry Repaired, Prices Reasonable. Eyes Tested Free..... 98 E. Madison St. near Dearborn Chicago BERNARD J. MAGUIRE, BUFFET. 430 STATE ST., Cor Polk. IMPORTED WINES, LIQUORS AND CIGARS A SPECIALTY, TEL. 973 Harrison, CHICAGO FOR BARGAINS IN Dry Goods, Gents' Furnishings and Shoes GO TO THOMAS & HARRIS TWO BIG STORES 5101-3 Wentworth Ave. 5650-4 S. Halsted Street WONDERFUL DISCOVERY Curly Hair Made Straight By TAKEN FROM LIFE: BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT. ORIGINAL OZONIZED OX MARROW (Copyrighted.) This wonderful hair pomade is the only safe preparation in the world that makes kinky or curly hair straight as shown above. It nourishes the scalp and prevents the hair from failing out or breaking off, causes dandruff and makes the hair grow long and silky. Warranted harmless. Testimonials free on request. It was the first preparation ever sold for straightening kinky hair. Beware of imitations. Get the Original Ozonized Ox Marrow as the genuine never fails to keep the hair straight, soft and beautiful. A toilet necessity for ladies, gentlemen and children. Elegantly perfumed. The great advantage of this wonderful pomade is that by its use you can straighten your own hair at home. Owing to its superior and lasting qualities it is the best and most economical. It is not possible for anybody to produce a preparation equal to it. Full directions with every bottle. Only 40 cents. Gold by drugstores and dealers or send us 40 cents for coupon or $1.40 for three bottles. We pay all expenses charged beneath postal or express money order. Write your name and address plainly to OZONIZED OX MARROW CO., 76 Wabash Avenue, Chicago, Illinois. Don't imagine that all hair preparations are alike. Quite the contrary. Some never do what is claimed for them. The Original Ozonized Ox Marrow has been on the market for so long that there is no doubt it will do everything we claim for it. It is the most genteel preparation that any one can use on their hair. It is most delicately perfumed and when thoroughly rubbed into the scalp and well brushed through the hair it cannot fall to cure dandruff and make the hair straight, soft and beautiful. It invigorates the scalp producing new growth and stops the hair from falling out. Try a bottle and you will be sure to be pleased. Only 50 cents, express paid, to any address in the United States. Druggists also sell it. Address: Ozonized Ox Marrow Co., 76 Wabash Ave., Chicago, Illinois. AGENTS FOR THE BROAD AX. From now until further notice The Broad Ax will be on sale at the following places: E. H. Faulkner, dealer in cigars and tobacco, 3104 State street. B. W. Pitts, printing office, 2713 State street. A. F. Tervalon's cigar store and news stand, 2826 State street. S. Mitchell's news stand and cigar store, 4902 State street. News items and advertisements left at those places will find their way into the columns of The Broad AX. ILLINOIS BRICK CO. WILLIAM C. KUESTER. SUPERINTENDENT. N. Western Ave., Ch Telephone Lake View 270. IENADEL B 1994 N. Western Ave., Chicago. HOHENADEL BROS. 211-213 Madison Street CHICAGO Telephone Main 3300 Pollicemen, Firemen, Letter Carriers, Elevatormen, Janitors, Wagonmen, Street Car Employes, Telegraph Messengers, Railroad Employes, Bellboys, Watchmen, Eta. GEO. C. CALLAHAN & CO. PRODUCE COMMISSION Butter, Poultry, Eggs, Game, Veal, Etc. 217 SOUTH WATER STREET, CHICAGO. IMPORTED AND DOMESTIG WINES, LIQUORS AND CIGARS 8482 SOUTH HALSTED STREET. CHICAGO The first practical demonstration ever given to the people of the North of the development and growth of the Negro race in this section. SPECIAL RAILROAD RATES The 14th of August to the 14th of September, 1902. For information address THE COMMITTEE, 610 Garfield Boulevard. BARNEY BENSON,