The Broad Ax

For some time past a fellow who writes under the name of Raymond has been traveling through the south contributing articles to the Chicago Tribune on the "Negro, or the Race Problem," and while as a general rule his articles have been fair, nevertheless they all are full of false statements respecting the Negro and his happy condition during the existence of slavery. Raymond asserted in an article which appeared recently in the Tribune "that after a century of horrible slavery the black man in America never made the slightest attempt to destroy his master," thereby implying that slavery was the natural state of the Negro. This statement on the part of Raymond clearly proves that he is entirely unfamiliar with the effort put forth by the Negro to secure his freedom while the chains of slavery were dangling around his limbs. Away back before the Nat Turner insurrection, which occurred in Virginia in 1831, thousands of Negroes throughout the entire south were constantly plotting and planning to secure not only their own freedom, but also that of their kinsmen, and their masters were taxed to their uttermost to prevent them from doing so at night, the whole south was under patrol and if the patrolers caught one single slave off the plantation without a passport, they would give him a sound flogging. This simply shows that a bitter friction existed between the master and his so-called docile slave. That he was at all times distrustful of the creature whom he very foolishly thought had no desire nor ambition to become free. Whenever he was whipped or abused he would retaliate by setting fire to the barn and destroying other property. Hundreds and hundreds of whites were put to death by having poison administered to them in their tears, coffee and eatables by the slaves, but the Atlanta Constitution, or no other newspaper published in the south ever mentioned or referred to these occurrences, for they were fearful that if they did so it would cause a bloody insurrection among the slaves. Referring to the Nat Turner insurrection, the historian of that period informs us that "in August, 1831, Nat Turner and his few brave companions went forth in the dark hours of the night and put to death between 60 and 65 white persons. That for many years after that slaughter of the whites, by their slaves, the people of Virginia and throughout the south lived in a state of fear and dread lest the strong arm of some slave would fall upon them. It caused their blood to run cold if there was the slightest intimation of a Negro uprising Their sleep ceased to be refreshing and they were haunted by hideous dreams of murder, blood and arson. Mothers and maidens, and even little children looked pale and ghastly as the shadows of evening gathered around them, from the horrifying apprehension that with bludgeons they might be brained, or with torch might be burned to a crisp before morning. Does this not show that the Negro was not contented in the condition of slavery? That he was not as harmless or as docile as he has been pictured? That the master and the slave did not dwell together like angels? Nat Turner was finally apprehended and was made to pay the penalty for causing so much bloodshed and disturbance throughout the sunny south. He was adjudged guilty by the court and was condemned to die on the gallows. He was the first Negro to be legally executed south of the Mason and Dixon line. He kept up his courage to the last and met his fate like a Roman hero. Upwards of one hundred other slaves were put to death for the sole purpose of terrifying the others. Many of them were slaughtered in cold blood, others had their nose and ears cut off, the flesh of their cheeks cut out, their jaws broken assunder, and while in that condition they were set up as marks to be shot at. We could cite many other instances to show that there was always a friction between the master and the slave; that it was not the desire of the majority of the slaves to serve their masters as chattels; that they enjoyed liberty the same as their owners. There is not one person residing in the south who is not familiar with "the Virginia Maroons," which extends from Norfolk, Va., into North Carolina. During the reign of slavery it contained over $2,000.00 worth of slaves who had escaped from bondage. Their cruel masters, who were among the boldest of the Virginians, never ventured into the Maroons after their slaves, but they sent in their ferocious or man-eating blood-hounds They never returned, however, and the slaves remained there for generations, right in the very midst of slavery, but they could not be subdued by those who claimed to belong to the superior race. Madison Washington was one of a cargo of 135 slaves who were enroute to New Orleans, and during the passage he organized the slaves and made an onslaught on the officers, took possession of the boat and made good their escape to England. Joseph Cinquury belonged to a planter in Louisiana. He looked on with disgust at the cruel or inhuman treatment accorded to him and his fellow slaves, so he decided to make a dash for liberty. He, in company with fifty others leaped upon a boat, knocked down the captain, overpowered the crew and escaped with the vessel. These historical facts and numerous others which we could adduce, proves conclusively that the Negro while in a state of servitude or bondage was continually struggling for liberty, and it further shows that if a bold and dashing warrior, like unto Toussaint L. Ouverture, Christophe, Dessalines, or Aguinaldo, had appeared mounted upon a white horse, singing the songs of freedom, no power on earth could have retained the Negroes in slavery. During the progress of the rebellion many slave-holders met their slaves face to face on the battlefield. Then they learned to their sorrow that the slave could handle a gun to perfection. And when that bloody conflict came to a close and the Negro had secured his freedom through the fortunes of war, many white men in the south fell dead in their tracks, for they knew deep down in the bottom of their hearts that they had dealt unjustly with their ex-slaves. What has been stated so far, we think should convince the Tribune correspondent that he is laboring under misapprehension as to the Negro never attempting to resent ill treatment during slavery times. That many of them did and could calculate HEW TO THE LINE. CHICAGO, AUGUST 8, 1903. or anticipate. That if the Negro has developed savage traits since landing on these shores he has acquired them from those who are supposed to be superior to him. When he was a slave his master took particular pains to transform him into an animal. He encouraged him to cultivate the habit of intemperance, in order, no doubt, to drown his sorrow. He taught him how to become immoral by giving him a pint bottle of whisky and locking him up in a room with a female slave who entertained high notions about virtue, and the master further rewarded his slave by presenting him with a silver dollar when he was satisfied that he had conquered or overcome the female slave; and it is recorded that many female slaves ended their own miserable existence rather than permit themselves to bring forth slaves for the auction block. His master always permitted him to behold the black or the dark side of slavery. Without the least trouble he could see young female slaves marched to the bed rooms of their master's sons every night, so that they could, without any expense, gratify, their passions, and add to the young stock of slaves. He beheld female slaves assigned to the bed rooms of northern gentlemen whenever they made a tour through the south. In the earlier stages of slavery his master urged him to embrace his white female slaves, in order to enable him to grow wealthy in one bound. Living in the midst of all this corruption, or immorality, for so many ages, it is no wonder that the slave gradually became amply prepared for the commission of any and all crimes which have been committed for over five thousand years by men who claim to be farther removed from savagery than the Negro. For it hath been said: That intemperance, infanticide, brutality or brutalism, lieentiousness, dishonesty, thieving, lying, ignorance, religious superstition, and a long chain of other evils and crimes always walk hand in hand with slavery; that the impurity which flowed over this fair land from the cesspool of slavery, will continue to exert its deadly or withering influence over the minds of the people, white and black alike, both north and south, for generations to come. N. B. Marshall Explains Opposition to Washington. Mr. N. B, Marshall, the Colored lawyer, who was one of those opposed to the views of Booker T. Washington, gave the following interview regarding the disturbance to all the Boston papers: Phimarily, the Colored peole of Boston, while heartily endorsing Mr. Washington's efforts to educate his people, although a great many differ as to the kind of education he prescribes, they are bitterly opposed to his recent speeches indorsing the disfranchisement conventions of the southern states and his advocacy of 'lim-crow' cars for Negroes. "Secondly, the whole truth about the matter is that the meeting was a Republican political scheme under the guise of a business man's meeting. Tom Fortune is playing Republican politics, and the leaders of the Republican party are getting frightened by the great Colored Democratic movement in Boston. "The Colored people simply did what Irishmen or any other selfrespecting people would do if a member of their race denounced home rule for Ireland. They simply regard Booker Washington as a traitor and desire to show to the nation that so long as breath is left in the body of the race's defenders, just so long will they agitate the question of their rights and denounce Booker Washington.—The Guardian, Boston, Mass. The man or woman who can still believe in and have respect for church and clergy after reading of the deception, debauchery and farce of these ungodly sin forgivers, sinner savers, harp, wings and reserved seats in heaven sellers, all around wind spirits and golden shore bunko steerers have less sense than a chicken, and ought to be plucked like other geese.—The People's Press, Chicago. Booker T. Washington and Old Drunk en Tom Fortune Hooted Down While Attempting to Speak in Boston. Without knowing any or all of the facts in the case, much has been said in condemnation of those who hooted or hissed Prof. Booker T. Washington and his chum or pal, old drunken Tom Fortune, who declared while addressing the Afro-American Council, which in Louisville, Ky., July 4th, "that all Negro Democrats were curs," when they attempted to unwind their mule, or monkey tales at the Zion A. M. E. Church in Boston last Thursday night. The meeting in the church, it appears, was held under the auspices of Booker Washington's so-called Business League, which has no fixed habitation and which exists largely on paper and wind. Before the meeting began it was understood that Booker Washington had been ordered to Boston, simply for political effect, namely, to carry out his agreement with the national administration to get the colored people in line with his damiable "doctrine of not insisting on their civil and political rights," that was Washington's true mission to Boston, for he wanted to make it appear that he had the endorsement of all the leading colored men of that city and those who failed to bow down to him or wear his yoke of slavery he would crush out. W. H. Lewis, who is beholden to Booker Washington for his job as assistant District Attorney, and who never wants to be known as a Negro unless he can play the big Indian was selected as chairman of the meeting. Before uttering one word he stopped to part his hair in the middle then, after rooling up his lovely eyes and floundering around for a few moments, he introduced old drunken Tom Fortune, who is constantly tagging after the heels of the wizard of Tuskegee, who also holds a job under President Roosevelt by the grace of Washington, and Tom Fortune, who staggered through the streets of Chicago on the arm of Booker Washington in 1901, began his whisky speech by roughly abusing those who are opposed to Booker Washington's ideas respecting the manhood rights of the Negro, then the hissing began, at that point Attorney Lewis arose and swore by all the power vested in him as the biggest or the greatest district attorney Massachusetts ever had "that he would prosecute the askers of questions to the full extent of the law." Then before slipping out to send for the police officers he ordered some of the bullies to throw or kick Wm. M. Trotter, editor of The Guardian, Messrs. Martin and Newsome, who had done nothing to disturb the meeting except to ask some questions, in the meantime the police entered the church and they saw several church deacons striking at Editor Trotter, and trying in vain to eject him. The police overlooked the men who were doing the fighting, as they generally do, and they took the man who was not fighting. That piece of high-handed injustice caused the audience to become frightened, and the greatest excitement prevailed; more than half the people rushed out the church to the sidewalk and they sent up many cheers for Editor Trotter, for having the courage to stand up for the truth or the right, while Attorney Lewis, who informed the police officers "that they must take Trotter out of the church if they had to break his neck," and the other Jim Crow supporters of Washington, with the aid of the police, protected him until he finished his hot air talk to the empty benches about "the Negro returning to the swamps of Old Alabama." The following are the questions which Editor Trotter and the other opponents of Booker T. Washington desired him to answer: 1. In your letter to the Montgomery Advertiser Nov. 27, you said: "Every revised constitution throughout the southern states has put a premium upon intelligence, ownership of property, thrift and character." Did you not thereby indorse the disfranchising of our race? 2. In your speech before the Cen- tury Club here in March you said: "Those are most truly free who have passed the most discipline." Are you not actually upholding oppressing our race as a good thing for us, advocating peonage? 3. Again you say: "Black men must distinguish between the freedom that is forced and the freedom that is the result of struggle and self-sacrifice." Do you mean that the Negro should expect less from his freedom than the white man from his? 4. When you said: "It was not so important whether the Negro was in the inferior car as whether there was in that car a superior man or a beast," did you not minimize the outage of the insulting jim-crow car discrimination and justify it by the "bestiality" of the Negro? 5. In an interview with the Washington Post, June 25, as to whether the Negro should insist on his ballot, you are quoted as saying: "As is well known, I hold that no people in the same economic and educational condition as the masses of the black people of the south should make politics a matter of the first importance in connection with their development." Do you not know that the ballot is the only self-protection for any class of people in this country? 6.—In view of the fact that you are understood to be unwilling to insist upon the Negro having his every right (both civil and political), would it not be a calamity at this juncture to make you our leader? 7.—Don't you know you would help the race more by exposing the new form of slavery just outside the gates of Tuskegee than by preaching submission? 8.—Can a man make a successful educator and politician at the same time? 9. Is the rope and the torch all the race is to get under your leadership? Booker T. Washington has become such an autocrat lately that he absolutely refused to answer these questions which are of vital importance to the Negro. In conclusion the whites of this country may give Booker Washington ten or twenty million dollars each year to enable him to educate his sons and daughters in the best white schools in the East and in Europe, but they can never ram him down the throats of the Afro-Amerisans as their new Moses, for he believes in building up his own popularity by walking over the dead bodies of his black brothers. DESOTA WHIST CLUB. The Desota Whist Club tendered Wm. Nelsen a reception on his birthday, Monday eve, Aug. 3, 1903, at the residence of Mrs. Johnson, 7130 Yale avenue. The guests were received in the reception hall in a bower of beautifully arranged palms and ferns. -The hall was artistically decorated in green and white a very natural effect being secured by the profuse display of ferns, chrysanthemums and white carnations. The dining hall was decorated in red and green, and resembled a garden of roses. The walls and table were solid masses of fragrant American beauties. The center piece was a silver chandelier with red glass shades resembling red tulips, from which peeped tiny electric lights. The candelabra met the chandelier which was also decorated with red glass tulip shades and the subdued red light on the red and green of the American Beauties made a charming effect. The table cover was of heavy Battenberg lace of a beautiful design. Refreshments were served in red and green while the orchestra rendered beautiful selections, though entirely obscured from the guests behind a bank of palms. The decorations, which were seldom equaled for beauty and artistic design, were by Mrs. Penshorn. George H. Kreite, first assistant prosecuting attorney of Chicago, has resumed his labors in the City Hall after enjoying his outing in northern Wisconsin. ALLEN CHAPEL, ARONDALE. To the Editor of The Broad Ax: We are now bending our efforts toward a respectable, showing at Conference, and the liquidation of our church debt. Under our present able leader, Rev. Clarence R. Goggin, success is assured. The earnestness of his work and the character of his sermons are such as to inspire all. The writer would be glad if space permitted a thorough discussion of the sermon of Sunday evening last, which was one of the best ever preached. It should be published in its entirety, and read for the elevation of those who fail to appreciate and use the talents God has given them. Rev. Goggin, among many other good things, said that God will take from a man or woman a talent which he or she fails to use in His cause. LAURA M. LOWRY, Reporter. Train Robbery Governments and great corporations are very careless in many respects and let abuses flourish that business men would put a stop to soon. I have often wondered at the patience of our railroad companies under attacks of train robbers. It would be no great affair to put an end to them. How long will the roads submit to such impositions? I am much mistaken, or it coul be ended in a short time. HOLT. CHIPS. Lawyer S. A. McElwee addressed the Afro-Americans of South Haven, Mich., at an emancipation celebration Monday, August 3. Robert L. Taylor, who is connected with the board of election commissioners, left Thursday night for St. Paul, Minn., and northern Canada, where he will spend two months hunting and fishing. Mrs. A. Wilson, 2252 Indiana avenue, always has one or two choice furnished rooms to rent. Mrs. Wilson likes The Broad Ax because it speaks right out in open meeting respecting Booker T. Washington and his graft. T. A. Ryan, Superintendent of the shut off department of the city water works, is kept so busy that he can not afford to take a long vacation this summer. Mr. Ryan is a credit to the Harrison administration. Cardinal Sarto has become the new Pope of Rome. Hereafter he will be known as Pope Pius X., his selection as such has been hailed with great joy by the adherents of his religious ideas throughout the world. A Negro rescued two white girls from an ice box in which they were in danger of being smothered to death, in Virginia, and they did not lynch him for being too fresh with white girls. What will happen next?—Ex. Hon. Robert Redfield, the able attorney for the local board of improvements, would make a first class city attorney, and if he will accept the nomination in 1905 he can have the hearty support of The Broad Ax without putting up one dollar. Attorney Robert M. Mitchell left for Florence, Ala., Thursday night where his aged mother is lying at the point of death. On his way home he will attend the meeting of the National Business League which meets at Nashville, Tenn., August 16. If the law is not strong enough to protect the colored people the same as it does the white, then die in defense of yourselves. Abraham Lincoln died to save us and we are certainly no better than he. So in peace prepare for war, then you will be on the safe side. That is what the United States does to protect herself against foreign nations, so take her advice.—Ex. Hereafter Afro-Americans will be discouraged as much as possible from enlisting or becoming a part of the United States Navy in any manner shape or form, for the reason that Uncle Sam's white officers and men do not want to mess with the colored men, nor regard them as their equals in any respect. This shows that Booker T. Washington's dope is doing its work well. Will promulgate and at all times uphold the true principles of Dumboon, but Catholica, Protestants, Priests, Indulde, Farmers, Single Taxes, Republicans, Knights of Lobos, or any one else can have their say, so long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad AX is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in advance. One Year.....$2.00 Six Months.....1.00 Advertising rates made known on application. Address all communications to THE BROAD AX 6040 Armour Avenue, Chicago. JULIUS X. TAYLOR, Editor and Publisher. Entered at the Post Office at Chicago Ill., as Second-class Matter. "Pshaw!" she exclaimed, disgustedly, as she came to the most interesting part only to read, "to be continued," "I don't see why they call these things 'continued stories.'" "No?" queried her husband, politely. "No; they should be called 'discontinued stories.'"—Philadelphia Press. Motive in His Politeness. Little Theodore—Shall I take your hat, Miss Peake? Miss Peake—No, thank you; but you're a polite little man, all the same. Little Theodore—No; 'taint that. I just wanted to get the hatpin to stick into Tommy. Me an' him's goin' to have a fight in the hall.—Tit-Bits. Revised Veralon. There was an old lady named Hupboard, Who went one day to the cupboard To look for a bone, But she found none, And it made her so mad she blupboard.—Chicago Daily News. KITCHEN LITERATURE. I "You look like a wreck to-day, Anna! Have you been sitting up all night again reading a novel?" "Yes, madam. It was such a beautiful story, but they didn't get married till nearly five o'clock this morning!"—Filegende Blaetter. Some men succeed by shaking hands And some by shaking friends. —Washington Star. Getting Acquainted. Mr. Stayout—Say, old boy they tell me you have given up all of your clubs and that you never go out at night any more. Mr. Stayin—Yes; getting so well acquainted at home that my wife is begin- ning to call me by my first name.—N. Y. Times Why It Was. Mrs. Greene—What do you have an alarm clock in your chamber for if you don't have the alarm wound up? Mrs. Gray—If you could have heard the awful things my husband said when the alarm went off, you wouldn't ask me.—Boston Advertiser. New Household Joke. Yeast—I see they have electrical flat irons, now. Crimsonbeak—Yes; I suppose when a man's wife throws one of them at him he feels as if he'd been struck by lightning.—Yonkers Statesman. Softead—Wasn't that—aw—a beastly absurd rumor about me—aw—losing me mind? Miss Slasher—Yes; that certainly was the limit—Chicago Daily News. Ever on the Alert. Mr. Speedy—Do you care for outdoor sports? Miss Seedy—Why, I never thought—you are one, aren't you, Mr. Speedy? This is so sudden!—N. Y. Sun. His Remedy. Johnny—Ma, aren't they using kerosene oil to get rid of the mosquitoes? Mamma—Yes; I believe so. Johnny—I wonder why they don't give them castor oil?—Puck. Off on a Bender. Officer—I suppose you gents are on pleasure bent. The Gents—Not exactly; but we have a—his—leaning that way.—Harvard Lampoon. Answered. "Why can't a man court his wife after marriage as he does before?" "Because it's foolish to chase something you've got," he answered.—Brooklyn Eagle. The Nose or the Kiss. Daughter—Why, he actually dared to kiss me on the nose! Mother-I hope you made him feel how entirely out of place it was-Yale Record. The Usual Way. She—Faint heart never won a fair lady. He—No, a faint heart usually goes with experience of fair ladies.—Judge. PICTURE-FRAME SPROUTED. Miracle That Was Worked by Mid- The dryness of the present summer was the subject under discussion. The talk, in a little while, veered naturally to the dampness of some of the summers of the past. A clergyman then told an appropriate story, says the Philadelphia Record. "The dampest summer I remember was in the year 18—, but I am not good at dates," he said. "At any rate, there happened in my house during that summer an almost incredible thing. "I had bought in the spring a frame of oak, decorated at the corners with acorns. I had put in this frame my wife's picture. Well, we went to Chester Heights for the season, all of us, and the house was closed from June till September. That was a very damp summer. Violins and cameras fell apart. Furniture became unglued. Your clothes would mildew while you slept—one morning I even found a little mildew on my whiskers. "In September, on returning home, I discovered nothing but mold and unglued furniture, and in the library I discovered a little oak tree growing from each corner of the frame of my wife's picture. The exhilarating effect of the dampness on the frame's four acorns, together with the rich soil that a thick coating of dust supplied, had caused the acorns to sprout. There on the frame, were four little trees, each several inches high. It was a pretty and an unusual sight." UTENSILS OF QUARTZ Bottles, Glasses and Other Articles Manufactured in Germany from Molten Rock. A German technical factory, which has been making expensive experiments with high temperatures, has produced utensils made of molten quartz, reports an industrial journal. After the melting was done the manufacture of bottles, glasses and other articles was not much different in method from that used for making glass articles. The objects made from molten quartz are flashing and clear, with the effect of diamonds. They are not brittle as glass, and have the further advantage of not being affected easily by heat or cold. Glass articles, as everybody knows, from sad experience, will crack if hot liquids are poured into them when they are cold, or vice versa. Quartz articles, however, can be heated to a cherry red, and then ice-cold water can be squirted on them without affecting them in the least. This is due to the fact that quartz neither expands nor shrinks much under changes of temperature. MANUFACTURED MUMMIES. There is said to be a regular trade in Paris, of manufacturing "antiques," among which are included mummies. Bodies are obtained from the hospitals, and, after being scientifically treated, are shipped to Egypt. When they are shipped back again they have every appearance of being authentic. M. Elina, a young sculptor in Paris, recently acknowledged that, although he was simply working under orders for an "antique" firm, that it was he who made the famous "Tiara of Sartapharnes," which was bought by the Louvre museum as genuine for $80,000. He made it in 1899, to the order of a firm of antiquity manufacturers at Monmartre, which had received a commission from a noted collector. It was made with leaf gold, worth $900, and as he wondered what it was intended for, he says he put private marks upon the tiara. His counsel possessed full details of the marks in a sealed envelope. He had heard that the tiara was first offered to the British museum, but that it was there found to be spurious, and rejected. Magnetic Persons. Prof. Murani, a distinguished Italian scientist, says that certain persons possess a strange magnetic or electrical influence, which produces very curious results. A few days ago while he was at work on some electrical experiment, one of his friends suddenly entered the room, and at the same moment the needle of his galvanometer moved to and fro very rapidly. He was sure that his friend had in one of his pockets either a magnet or some other electrical instrument, and, in order to convince him that he was mistaken, his friend removed all his clothes. To the professor's surprise, the galvanometer continued to act just as though a powerful magnet was near it, and the closer his friend approached the more marked its action became. Moreover, the front of the body acted on it in the same manner as the positive pole of a magnet, and the back as a negative pole. A life insurance policy is of occasional value to a man when alive, as shown recently in Russia. An American was traveling there, and in some way mjslaid his passport. When it was demanded he hesitated, and finally handed over his life insurance policy. The official took it, examined it upside down and was much impressed with its colors, seals and signatures, and he passed the man all right. Kaiser as Landowner. Kaiser Wilhelm owns 83 estates and 53 castles. These foot up a total of 300,000 acres and bring in an income of $160,000. He has as yet visited only 30 of his castles, but the total sum which goes to their support is enormous. He is building a fifty-fourth castle, a magnificent affair, which will overlook Posen in Prussian Poland. CROPS OF THE STATES. How the General Result Is Affected by Western Floods or Eastern Droughts. The comment is familiar that damage done to crops by abnormal weather conditions in one section of the country cannot ruin a whole crop. This may be shown by some interesting comparisons, says the New York Post. Taking 1902 as a fairly normal year, the wheat crop footed up 670,000,000 bushels. Of this, 362,000,000 was winter-sown wheat and 307,000 the spring crop. The lower Missouri valley produced about 184,000,000 of the total, or near one-third. The upper Mississippi and Red River valley produced some 187,000,000 — another third. Something over 61,000,000 bushels were harvested on the Pacific coast. The New England states, and the Middle Atlantic group, comprising New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Maryland, yielded 42,000,000. The Ohio valley and the lake states accounted for 132,000,000. This is a pretty wide geographical distribution, and the weather of 1881 would be required to make general havoc. It will be seen, therefore, that even the six weeks of western rain and astern drought, followed by three weeks of eastern rain and western drought, did not touch everything. The corn crop makes some equally interesting comparisons. Of the total 2,523,000,000 bushels yielded in 1902, 1,100,000,000 grew in the Missouri basin, and nearly 750,000,000 in the Ohio and lake region. Only about 100,000,000 bushels came from the eastern states, properly so-called. But the south produced nearly 500,000,000. Those were the lucky farmers who got high prices for a very fair crop in the disastrous corn year, 1901. DANGEROUS TOPICS. Some Subjects That an American fu Spain Found to Be Unsafe to Mention. "I was in Madrid, Spain, six months after the close of the war," said the American tourist, according to the Chicago Daily News, "and wnated to take a run down to the old city of Toledo. I had heard, however, that the feeling against Americans was very bitter in the latter city, and it struck me that it would be a good thing to get a little advice. The landlord had been very kind and courteous, though a Spaniard, and I put the case before him. "Senor," he replied, after a bit, "if you went to Toledo would you mention anything about your Admiral Dewey and Manila bay?" "I should not." I replied. "Nor Santiago and Admiral Sampson?" "Not a word." "Nor the fight on San Juan hill and Gen. Torrey's surrender?" "No." "And would you refer to our loss of Cuba and the Philippines?" "Not a refer." "Well, I think you can safely go to Toledo," he said, after looking me over, "but my advice to you in case the painful subject is touched upon, is to say that you expected Spain to whip the United States within 30 days, and you can't tell why the devil she took three months to do it!" NEAR-SIGHTED INSECTS The Range of Vision in Most Species Is Found to Be Extremely Limited. Although most insects are provided with two kinds of eyes, the simple, and the compound or facet eyes, all experiments go to show that their range of sight is extremely limited. The most rudimentary eye is found in the larvae of the water beetle; in this case the power of vision is so limited that they are nearly blind, says a scientific authority. Most caterpillars, even when possessing five or six eye spots, can do little more than distinguish between light and darkness; their utmost range would be about an inch. Plateau found that scorpions can only see the length of their own pincers, and that spiders are so short-sighted as not to see their prey four inches off. Sir John Lubbock confirmed this repeatedly by finding spiders unable to detect their own eggs at half an inch. Claparede made many experiments to find out the distance at which the faceted eye can see as clearly as the human eye; the result was that at a yard away no distinct vision was possible, and the object had to be within an eighth of an inch to answer the proposed end. Radium and Musk. Radium was the subject matter under discussion, says the Philadelphia Record, and a lawyer said: "I don't see anything so very wonderful in radium. Admit that it does throw off light and heat, in a kind of perpetual motion, without any loss of weight or energy—well, won't a grain of musk do the same thing? One single grain of musk (this has been demonstrated) will scent for several years a room 12 feet square, and in the end the grain will still remain entire. Consider what this means. A room 12 feet square contains 2,985,984 cubic inches, and each one-tenth cubic inch, at least, must have its little molecule of musk, or otherwise all the air would not be perfumed. One grain of musk, that is to say, will radiate millions and millions of musk fragments for years and still it will remain whole. Can radium beat that?" King Edward a Priest. King Edward is also a olergyman of the Church of England, with a salary. In Pembrokeshire, Wales, St. David's cathedral claims King Edward as a prebendary, and for this office he is entitled to a salary of one pound per annum. ABOUT ANIMALS. Between Skaguay and St. Michael, Alaska, 600 dogs are kept by the postal authorities for letter carrying. Australia and New Zealand have 80,500,000 sheep, which is just one and one-half times-as many as the whole of the United States possesses. Kite hawks have become so bold about the garrison in Burmah that they swoop down on the mess tables and seize food from the soldiers' plates. William Tell II. is the biggest St. Bernard dog in the United States. He is owned by Mr. Fulling, of New York city, and is worth many hundreds of dollars and has won many blue ribbons. The head and antlers of a magnificent specimen of the extinct Irish deer have been found in a bog near Limerick. The horns measured nine feet six inches from tip to tip, and the head is the finest ever discovered. The education of the French society dog is proceeding apace. They manicure dogs now. A young woman calls daily at the homes of wealthy owners of dogs. She brings with her a neat little black bag that looks not unlike those carried by trained nurses. This contains a set of fine white towels, a brush with an ebony back, a comb, soap, and the daintiest set of manicure implements imaginable. There is even a small jar of rosaline, that gives the delicate doggy nails a dainty tint. WHEN ON YOUR VACATION. Don't kick because the roo over your room leaks. If you kick the landlord will charge you with an extra bath. Don't propose to every girl you meet. They may compare notes some time. Be satisfied with proposing to every other girl. That's enough. Don't dwell too strongly on the subject of your steam yacht and your trip around the world next year. She may happen to want some ribbon some time, and fate may lead her right straight over to your counter. Don't substitute the name of Claude, Alfred or Chauncey for your regularly given first name. Somebody who used to know you is sure to drop in and whoop out: "Hello, Bill; how did you get in this swell place?" Don't open a tete-a-tete in the evening by saying: "What a glorious night. How sweet the music sounds across the water." The girl has probably heard the same thing ten or 12 times, and may tell you so. Cut out the lines about the golden moon up in the heavens so high, too. She's heard that. Don't be too haughty with the colored individual who waits on you at the table. It may impress the heiress sitting next to you, but it is apt to make the waiter mad and talkative, and you know that he used to bring you your sinkers and coffee at the lunch counter where you eat when you are in town. GLEANINGS OF SCIENCE. Meteorological experiments with a balloon at Geneva showed that there was a regular diminution of temperature for every 100 yards of ascent. Electrons are actual particles of matter, so infinitely small that a microscope with 1,000,000 times the capacity of the most powerful instrument now in existence could not discover them. A section of cable in the Caribbean sea was recently raised from 1,350 fathoms of water, where it had lain for thirty years. Tests showed its core to be in perfect electrical condition and the rubber insulator uninjured. A fear that sulphur from the rubber might injure the copper wire had no foundation. M. Martel, a French scientist, in a lecture before the Geographical society of Paris, maintained that surface streams are gradually disappearing, owing to subterranean circulation of water being substituted. His investigations have proved that, as a rule, all great caves have either captured or are deflecting some water course. LITTLE POINTERS The egotist is always the other fellow. Most men would rather fight than eat their own words. The dentist doesn't deal in perfumery, but he is an authority extracts. No, Maude, dear; the wife of a governor is not necessarily a governess. It is easier for some men to talk all day than to keep their mouths shut five minutes. You can't convince the father of twins that there is nothing new under the sun. The fellow who makes a fool of himself is seldom satisfied unless he works overtime at the job. Even when poverty pinches some people insist upon adding to their misery by wearing tight shoes. Many a man who has the reputation of knowing a lot manages very successfully to conceal his knowledge.—Philadelphia Record. WHAT THE DOCTOR SAYS. There are nearly 20,000 known medicinal remedies. The banana and potato are almost identical in chemical composition. D'Arsonval, the famous Parisian therapeutic specialist of Paris, stated that the world is on the eve of a therapeutical revolution and that electricity will be the medicine of the future. A strong, continuous current through a patient could, he affirmed, produce local anaesthesia, permitting slight surgical operations without narcotics. It's the Only Place Somewhat Different. "All men are equal before the law," remarked the student of legal lore. "Possibly," rejoined the meek-looking man with the hairstyle pate "but not before the mother in law."—Cincinnati Enquirer. "I suppose it's for the same reason that you didn't attend the Vanderbilt wedding."—Cleveland Plain Dealer. Woman, Lovely Woman. He—Don't you think that Miss Gingerly is rather artificial? She—Indeed she is—especially her hair and teeth.—Chicago Daily News. Up Against a Hard Fact. Many a man has dreamt he dwelt in marble halls and awoke in a stoneyard.—N. Y. Times. Easily Caught. "Say, my good man," exclaimed the city youth, who was undecided whether to buy shrimps or minnows, "what do you catch fish with around here?" "Give me a quarter and I'll tell yeou," grunted the ruralite with the new cut pole. "Here it is. Now, what do you catch them with?" "Hooks!"—Philadelphia Record. How She Enjoyed Herself. Angeline—Did you enjoy yourself at the hotel back in the woods? Seraphine—Yes; the bathing was fine. Angeline—Bathing? Where did you find the water? Seraphine—I don't mean swimming. The proprietor fixed up a long stretch of sand, and that and bathing-suits were all that was necessary.—Judge. A Bank Outrage. Business Manager—And now what's the trouble? Irate Patron—When I gave your man my advertisement yesterday I explicitly stipulated that it was to run in the same column with the story of the woman suspected of murder. Instead of that it was printed right next to the report of a Sunday school convention. —Baltimore American. A Strike of Enterprise. New Reporter—Old Golding says that if I approach him again regarding that bank scandal he'll break every bone in my body; and he means it, too. Editor—Great! That'll be good for three columns; go, Interview him at once. I'll have an ambulance at the door when they bring you out.—Tit-Bits. Her Brutal Father. Algy—Gwace has a hahwid father. When I awsked him for her hand I said: "Love for your daughter has dwiven me hawf cwazy." Cholly—And then, deah boy? Cholly-And then, dean boy? Algy-Then the old bwute said: "Has, eh? Well, who completed the job?"— Kansas City Journal. His Second Offense. "This isn't the first time you have come in contact with the police?" said the magistrate to the witness. "I woke him. He had gone to sleep on his beat."—Tit-Bits. "Did your husband ever write any sonnets to you before you were married?" the poet's wife was asked. "No," she bitterly replied. "He was working in a railroad office then, and never gave me any reason to suspect that he possessed this gift."—Chicago Record-Herald. The Difference. Mrs. Jones-When a Turkish husband wants a divorce all he has to do is to say "I divorce you" three times and he is divorced. Mr. Jones-Huh! If an American husband tried that he wouldn't want a divorce, but an undertaker.-Judge. Mystery Not Solved. Ruggles-Woman is a mystery. Raisins-Thought you were to solve it by getting married. "I did, in part, but I can't understand yet why she's afraid of a mouse but will wear a 'rat' in her hair."-Yonkers Statesman. It's the O JUST LOOK WHAT YOU AFRO-AMERICAN 8104 State WISDOM COMES Here all the best and leading weekly journals and magazine week including all other standard mon "Maybe," he responded; "but you have been evaporated."—Judge. Well Fitted to Make Trouble. She—Has your roommate an ear for music? He—Worse; he has two hands and a mouth.—Harvard Lampoon. Master—Pat, I must say you're contradictory. Pat (emphatically)—I am not, sorr! —Punch. "Is kissing dangerous?" "Well, I wouldn't try it on an athletic girl without her consent."—Chicago Post. The Souls of Black Folk By W. E. B. DuBois A REMARKABLE BOOK that is provoking much discussion because of the wonderful eloquence with which the author pleads for right and justice to his people. In these days of increasing agitation over the "negro problem" this passionate human document can neither be overlooked nor ignored. Aside from its remarkable presentation of facts it holds the reader—prejudiced or not—by its fascination of style and overpowering pathos. Some of the Chapter Headings follow: OF OUR SPIRITUAL STRIVINGS. OF THE DAWN OF FREEDOM. OF MR. WASHINGTON AND OTHERS. OF THE MEANING OF PROGRESS. OF THE TRAINING OF BLACK MEN. OF THE BLACK BELT. OF THE SONS OF MASTER AND MAN. OF THE FAITH OF THE FATHERS. OF THE PASSING OF THE FIRST-BORN. OF ALEXANDER CRUMMELL. OF THE COMING OF JOHN. OF THE SORROW SONGS. 3d Edition $1.20 net Published by A.C. McClurg & Co., Chicago AGENTS FOR THE BROAD AX. From on and after this date The Broad Ax can be found on sale at the following places: The Afro-American News Office, 3104 State Street. The Gem Shoe Shining Parlor, 336 30th, near State street. A. F. Tervalon's Cigar Store and News Stand, 2826 State street. Edward Felix's Cigar Store, 368 30th street, N. E. Corner Armour Ave. T. B. Hall's Cigar Store and Laundry office, 281 29th St. Turner William's Cigar and News Stand, 2903 Armour Ave. M. H. Watts, dealer in cigars and tobacco, 3742 State street. The Stationery, 2970 State street. J. C. Campbell, 145 W. 47th street., Cigars, Tobacco, Staple Groceries. Wm. H. Monroe, cigar and news stand, 486 State street. Whiteley Bros., 2724 State street, cigars, and news stand. J. New 131 W. 51st street, cigars, tobacco and confectionaries. C. E. Hunter, 4503 Wentworth ave., cigars, tobacco, news stand. T. J. Hill, cigars and stationery store,, 5220 Lake Ave. Wm. Dixon 2638 State Street cigars, tobacco, and news stand. Isidor Jacobson, cigars, togacco and stationery, 3149 State St. Joseph Haywood, 2960 1-2 State street, new stand, and confectionary store. News items and advertisements left at these places will find their way into the columns of The Broad Ax. People and Events Talked Of at the National Capital. Mrs. James G. Blaina's Place in National Politics—A New Generation in Power in the Army—Other Items. Washington.—Elisha S. Theall, the young attorney who acted as counsel for Admiral Sampson during the Schley court of inquiry, has attracted attention in army and navy circles by announcing the discovery of a new disease to which only those officers are subject who have served in the far east. The disease is known as guamitis. It takes its name from the Where They Catch Guamitis island of Guam, where the germ is most prevalent, but it is not unknown in the Philippines. Mr. Theall has been defending a young prognosticator of the navy who was brought up before a court-martial at the Washington navy yard on charges growing out of carelessness with his accounts, and in order to clear his client he cited official reports and brought forward examples of officers who after service in Guam for a year or more had been found to be entirely unfitted for duty. Guam is the most isolated of all the American military stations in the far east. A few naval and marine officers and a small detachment of marines constitute the entire English-speaking population, and the climate is so enervating that even the most ambitious quickly succumb and lead a life of irksome routine unembellished with outside interests. The result is physical, mental and sometimes moral deterioration. Dozens of young officers who have had a tour of duty on the island find themselves on their return to civilization quite unfitted to take up the ordinary service to which they have been accustomed. They are subject to physical weakness and to mental depression which makes them irresponsible for their actions. Since Mr. Theall has called public attention to a condition which has been understood for some time in the service there is a proposition to require every officer relieved from service in Guam to undergo special medical treatment before being detailed to active duty elsewhere. Clerks in the war and navy departments, and in fact all government clerks in Washington are jubilant over the turn which has been given to the attempt of Secretaries Root and Moody to enforce the law with regard to hours of labor. I For many years it has been the custom during the hot days of summer to close the departments at three o'clock every Saturday afternoon, instead of at four o'clock, as on other days. Secretaries Root and Moody discovered that the law provided that clerks should work seven hours every day except Sundays and holidays and, after mature deliberation, they regretfully determined that it was beyond their discretion to close the war and navy departments early on Saturday. For a day or two there was great grief. Then some ingenious clerk bethought himself of a paragraph hidden away in the new code of District of Columbia statutes adopted by congress two years ago. That paragraph, in dealing with negotiable instruments, declares that besides the usually recognized holidays—the Fourth of July., Christmas, New Year's, Decoration day, Washington's Birthday and Labor day—"every Saturday after 12 o'clock, noon," shall be a holiday in the District of Columbia for all purposes. That was a poser for the cabinet lawyers. They turned it over to their own legal advisers to investigate, and now the clerks who had expected to be deprived of their extra hour once a week during the summer, are looking forward to a Saturday half holiday all the year round. New Generation of Soldiers. The retirement of Ltent. Gen. Miles on August 8 and the simultaneous pro- [Illustration of a military officer] motion and retirement of some 30 other high officers may be said to be the dividing line between the ascendancy of an old and a new generation in the United States army--just as the death of McKinley and the incoming of Roosevelt was the di- Gen. Nelson A. Miles viding line between two generations in republican politics. Miles is the last of the commanding generals of the army who achieved fame in the civil war, and when the 20 newly created brigadiers go out of the service within the next 30 days there will be left among the officers of the army less than 100 of any rank whatever who saw military service of any kind between 1861 and 1865 Gen. Young, who will succeed Miles as lieutenant general, and Chaffee, who will succeed Young, both, it is true, saw service in the civil war, but without achieving distinction. Their rank and reputation grew out of their service in the war with Spain, and later. Should MacArthur succeed Chaffee he will be the last of the lieutenant generals with even a reminiscence of the struggle between the states in his record. At best, Young, Chaffee and MacArthur will remain in the service only a few years, and then will come a generation—most of whom were babies when Miles, Schofield, Sheridan, Sherman and Grant were winning fame. Nobody can tell yet whether Leonard Wood, who comes by regular promotion to be a major general, will in due course of seniority rise to the higher rank upon MacArthur's retirement, but whether he does or not, the lieutenant generalship will then fall to some officer who is in no way Wood's superior in length of active war service. A woman who played a great part in national politics against her own will has recently passed from the scene of action in the death of the widow of James G. Blaine. Mrs. Blaine was not consciously a political factor, and yet no woman of her time wielded a greater influence in shaping the destinies of republican leaders among whom her A. B. She was a brilliant, brainy woman with a mind as keen as a razor's edge, and if her tastes had run in the direction of politics—if she had been consciously a politician—it is hard to say what she might not have achieved in the great game which is continually playing here in social life at the capital. But instead of a liking for politics she cherished an aversion to it. Every step in advance which James G. Blaine took, while it gratified her pride in him, was a source of regret to her in that she saw herself constantly thrust forward into a personal prominence which was distasteful, and compelled to combat the ever-growing demand that for political reasons she should mingle with all sorts of people in whom she could not simulate an interest. Combined with a seclusive temper she had that most dangerous of accomplishments, a quick wit and a ready tongue. She resented and resisted the curtailment of individual liberty which her husband's official position was constantly threatening. When Blaine was secretary of state she made many enemies for both by refusing to return the innumerable calls made upon her on public reception days—a practice which, silly as it was, had grown to be regarded as an official duty. She had to bear the brunt of the criticisms for the innovation which subsequently all cabinet women were forced to follow in self-protection. She made a bitter lifelong enemy of the wife of Benjamin Harrison, who afterwards became mistress of the white house by some cutting comment she gave utterance to when both Blaine and Harrison were in the senate; and that difference led to the tragic candidacy of Blaine for the republican nomination in 1892 and had much to do with the party coolness that resulted in Harrison's defeat. She had her limited circle of friends, close and devoted, but she entirely lacked the insincerity that would have led those for whom she did not care to count her as their friend. Her last years were clouded with tragedy and sorrow, and death came to her as a relief. A mischievous messenger boy put in his spare time a few days ago in plug- days ago in plugging with putty the eyes and noses of several of the marble statues in Steinway hall and now he is suffering punishment for "vandalism." National Wax Works Exhibition The first statue that this youthful offender fixed up was that of Daniel Webster, which stares out of countenance every unfortunate who passes through National Wax Works Exhibition. Statuary hall, going from the house of representatives to the senate; he was so well pleased with his achievement that he went on to improve several more. He would have touched up the entire collection of monstrosities if his putty had not given out. It is needless to say that the sympathy of the Washington public is with the boy; for in his ineffective way he was simply trying to remedy a few of the defects which have worried visitors to the capitol for many years. No more grotesque assemblage of marble freaks was ever brought together than the one in Statuary hall. Only two or three of the commemorative statues by any stretch of the imagination can be called works of art, and a spot which might have been made as inspiring as Westminster abbey has developed a dignity a few degrees removed from Jarley's way works or the Eden Musee. Chafing Dish and Table Devices and Inventions OLD BEYOND HER AGE. As a Child Wife of the British Colonial Secretary Was Companion of Her Parents. The wife of the colonial secretary of Great Britain is not only an Endicott, of Massachusetts, but she is lineally connected with the Crowninshields and Peabodys, two of the famous families of New England. Because of her early training and natural reserve of manner, Mrs. Joseph Chamberlain has been able to meet the responsibilities of her social position abroad. As a child she was old beyond her years, through constant companionship with her parents and grandparents in Salem, at the Nahant summer home and on the farm at Danvers. The Danvers house was built by the great Salem merchant, Joseph Peabody. A. MRS. JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN. reverted to the son George, who in turn left the estate to Mrs. Endicott, whose only son, W. C. Endicott, still makes it his summer resort. It was while her grandfather was at the farm that Mrs. Chamberlain and her father went there pleasant days on horseback or in carriage. Many were the family picnics. Two beautiful gardens are connected with the Danvers house. One was the favorite of Mr. Peabody, laid out. in old-fashioned style, with all the flowers that were so well known in his childhood. The other was designed by Mr. Chamberlain, a sun-dial in the center. They are kept in their original condition. Once, when Mrs. Endicott was visiting her daughter in England, the gardener left in charge undertook to beautify the grounds. He changed the old garden into a modern one with the rarest and most fashionable plants. Mrs. Endicott came home and immediately ordered the gardener to undo his work. The Danvers house is where Mr. Chamberlain has tarried during his many visits to America. Simple Methods Are Best. It is always best to try simple methods of removing stains before resorting to strong chemicals, such as chloride of lime, which is one of the most powerful chemicals for removing stains. It is so strong that it may be very destructive if not used carefully. How to Eradicate Mildew. Mildew is one of the most difficult of all stains to remove. Rub well with brown soap, then apply a paste of chalk and water and put the stained article in the hot sunshine. After two or three applications the mildew may be bleached out. EVER desirable and welcome are devices and conveniences for the table and chafing dish which, if they are not actually new, assume an air of newness that serves the same purpose. They claim attention from the housewife with her large or small EGG POACHER BREAKFAST CRUETS SILVER WOT WATER JUG establishment as the case may be; from the bachelor girl and also from the upto-date bachelor who likes to display his culinary skill in the manipulation of a chafing dish. The novelties are few, but each season finds the manufacturers introducing some dish or utensil or apparatus that wins attention, if not on the score of newness, then for its practical value or artistic form. Even the most prosaic of household utensils represent nowadays the combination of beauty and utility, as witness the handsome agate ware, bright nickel and shining copper with which the modern kitchen is equipped. When it comes to the table ware or chafing dish fitments—to use an English term—this tendency toward the union of the attractive and useful is even more pronounced. It is not decreed that the china, silver and alms in daily use shall be costly, but Dyed Laces, Which Are Quite the Correct Thing Now, Can Be Made Very Attractive. Those who own lace collars, light or heavy, and who find them sadly solled, can make them very attractive by giving them a taste of the dye pot, selecting a shade that goes well with any gown. Dyes of every color are used upon laces and upon the choicest laces at that. It seems like sacrilege to treat a delicate bit of lace to a coat of scarlet dye, but it is the fashion to do so. The dyed laces, made to match the gown exactly, are worn at evening functions, sometimes in the shape of a shawl to throw around the shoulders, but more often in the shape of a deep flounce, or as a vest, or as a wide shoulder cape, or, yet, as a very deep lace collar. One of the newest articles of wear in the lace line is a lace collar which is made out of a yard or so of piece lace. The cape part is cut circular to fit over the shoulders. In the front there are two wide stoles that hang below the waist line. The whole is edged with a very narrow piping of liberty silk. Another lace collar, made out of piece lace, is circular, with the upper edge gathered upon a band of white silk which is fitted to the neck in such a way that it lies flat, below the stock. The lace collar is really a ruffle with a border of white chiffon ruching no wider than a match.—Chicago Examiner. AN AGED HORSEWOMAN. Mrs. Sally Lamb Hayden, Aged Ninety, Is Still Fond of Riding on Horseback. In the little village of Gill, Mass., a suburb of the ancient town of Greenfield, lives Mrs. Sally Lamb Hayden, who, at the age of 90, frequently rides on horseback. She has lived in Gill for more than 50 years, and has been a member of the Methodist church nearly all her life. Her husband, who was several MRS. SALLY L. HAYDEN. (Ninety Years Old, She Takes Dally Exercise on Horseback.) years her senior, died a number of years ago The pony Mrs. Hayden rides is a gentle one, and seems to appreciate the dignity of his aged burden. Mrs. Hayden has to be assisted into the saddle, of course, but the rest of the ride is unattended in any way. When Greenfield gives a coaching parade Mrs. Hayden is always in line, and after the last parade the members of the club gave her a handsome present. She has two spinning wheels at home, and is usually busy over them when not taking her exercise on horseback. it has become an unwrtten law among people of refinement and taste that everything pertaining to the table shall be as dainty and as pretty as is possible without detracting from its usefulness. In the accompanying group, taken from the Brooklyn Eagle, are shown a few of the season's latest productions in the interest of the household. The egg poacher is an imported device for the chafing dish, by the use of which three eggs may be prepared at once. The second chafing dish accessory, the so-called "hanger," is also a device of foreign manufacture which can be adjusted to the lampstand of the dish so as to allow any sized saucepan (smaller than the proper pan belonging to the chafing dish) being heated over the lamp. The dainty little cruets for use on the breakfast table need no special reference, while the graceful form of design of the hot water jug is certain to commend itself to those whose fancy in silverware tends toward simplicity in design. The butter dish which completes the group SUGAR BOWL IN FERN PATTERN. CHAPING DISH MANGER. Is noticeable for the effectiveness of the fern leaf pattern, set in relief by the fluted edging. The bowl is of sterling silver with lining of gold and the water pitcher and cruets are likewise of sterling silver. SWORDFISH KILLS WHALE. Fierce Battle Between Monsters of the Deep Witnessed by Steamer Passengers. A sanguinary battle between deep sea monsters, in which a whale was killed by a "thrasher," aided by a swordfish, was witnessed by the officers of the Pacific Coast Steamship company's City of Topeka on the last trip of that vessel. The battle was fought at the entrance of Queen Charlotte sound. When it was over the water for several hundred yards around was red with blood, says a Seattle report. First Officer J. S. Lawrence, in telling of it, said: "The swordfish was not visible during the fight, but from what I know of similar battles, it is probable that he was underneath the water engaged in prodding the whale. Every time the swordfish, which is generally 12 or 14 feet long, struck the monster the monster would rise out of the water. The 'thrasher' would jump completely out of the sea, and, spinning around on its head for a few seconds until it had the head of the whale located, it would then descend with a splash that looked like a building toppling into the sea and strike the whale. The latter would then start to sound or dive, but the swordfish would prod it from underneath until it rose out of the water to again be struck by the thrasher. "This was repeated time and time again. The noise of the fight was loud enough to be heard for miles. Eventually the whale began to spout streams of blood, and, as the passengers passed out of sight, his awkward motions became feebler and feebler." UNSELFISH PHYSICIANS No Other Profession Gives More for Nothing to the Public Than the Medical. There is a disposition often to scoff at the code of ethics by which doctors of medicine are governed—at the rule which brands as a quack any practitioner who keeps for his own exclusive use and profit any discovery he may make of a curative agent. Yet there is no other profession which gives more for nothing to the public, and whose giving in that respect is absolutely without selfish motive, says the Cleveland Leader. This is illustrated by a recent statement to the effect that the revenues of the medical profession in recent years have practically been cut in two by the hygienic reforms which have been brought about by the efforts of the doctors alone. That statement is well within the realm of truth. Medical science is constantly striving to make it possible for the human race to get along with less medical treatment. Not only are the efforts of investigators directed to the discovery of new and more effective remedies for disease, but to discover means of preventing the spread and even the inception of disease. Broadly speaking, the doctors are working continually to deprive themselves of occupation and revenue. A LIFE-SAVING KITE. Appliance to Be Carried on Shipboard to Establish Communication When Stranded. Of late years the kite has emerged from the position of a mere toy, and has been successfully employed for meteorological observations at high altitudes. A more recent application of the kite-principle is as a life-saving appliance to be carried on shipboard, its particular duty being to establish communication between a stranded vessel and the adjacent shore. It stands to reason that a ship in this position generally has the assistance of the wind in carrying anything shorewards, and it would be far easier to launch a kite under such conditions that it would be to fire a rocket in the reverse direction. The kite carries a guide-rope, and contains in a pocket a set of signals and instructions. It is furnished with apparatus for telephonic communication between the crew and their would-be rescuers. But we must confess that, seeing the frequent difficulty of telephonic conversation ashore in a quiet office, we can hardly believe that it would be possible in a howling tempest. The kite is the invention of the Comte Brossard, and it is said to have been tried with success at Toulon and at Brest. TACT IN MEDICAL PROFESSION. As Necessary as Skill in Many Cases /That Come Under the Doctor's Advisement. To succeed in the practice of medicine tact is as necessary as skill. In Everybody's Magazine a woman doctor tells of the loss of her first opportunity: "A delicate young woman came fluffing into my office on a wet, raw day to know why she had such a cold. I looked down at her thin ties and openwork stockings, and expressed myself with comfortable freedom. How could she expect anything else with such foot-gear? She took my prescriptions in displeased silence and never came back. I heard that she described me afterward as quite too cold and unsympathetic to be a good doctor; and so perhaps I lost others as well as her. I had been right, of course, from the highest standpoint; but that is a luxury no young doctor can afford. I should have petted her, babied her, listened to all her troubles, and introduced the matter of foot-gear so delicately that she would be drawn away from open-work by the silken thread of persuasion." Revenue from the Yukon. The Yukon yielded the Canadian government a revenue of $1,485,760 last year and the expenditure on the territory was $2,557,326. Here is a tragic story of the sand fly. It has but a day to live in the light. In order to earn the right tothatday of life it lives from one to three years in darkness, down in the mud at the bottom of lakes or rivers. Moreover, the sand fly is perfectly harmless. It cannot even bite. It has no sting. It cannot even eat. All it can do is to flit about for a few hours enjoying the light of day or the glare of an electric lamp. Professor C. B. Davenport, of the University of Chicago, told the other day, says the Inter-Ocean, about the delicate, beautiful little insects which prove a pest to a great many people. The sand fly is known to scientists familiarly as the May fly. In scientific terms it is called Ephemerida. This name is taken from the Greek word Ephemeros, which means lasting only for a day. To the scientists the sand fly is one of the most interesting and beautiful of insects. The fly lives but a day at most, but before it sees light it has lived for from one to three years under the water in the form of what the scientists call a nymph. This nymph can both walk and swim. As it grows it molts and after about the ninth molt tiny wings appear on its thorax. These grow larger until the insect comes forth from the water a sand fly. It then has but one duty, to lay its eggs. This done the sand fly zigzags through the air until its brief life is ended. The popular idea that the sand flies are blown across the lake to Chicago is wrong, according to the university scientists. The sand fly could not live to be blown that far, and, besides, the insect always flies against the wind and not with it. OUR RAILROAD INDUSTRY. Million and a Quarter Workers on American Payrolls and Their Number Increasing. The railroads of this country are employing more persons than ever before in their history. According to statistics in the report of the interstate commerce commission there were 594 railroad employes for every hundred miles of tracks last year, and there were1,189,-815 employes altogether, reports the New York Sun. In the year before there were only 1,071,169 railroad employes, and the average was only 548 for every hundred miles of line, so that independently of the increase in mileage the number of workers employed has increased 46 for each hundred miles of line. Since these statistics were collected there has been a correspondingly large increase in the number of employes, if railroad statistics are to be believed, so that the number of men on the railroad payroll in this country is considerably over a million and a quarter. The good times and the extension improvements set on foot by the railroad companies as the result of their prosperity are responsible for this increase in employment. Eight years ago the number of railroad workers was only 41 for every hundred miles, so that should a return to that standard be possible it would mean the laying off of 312,000 workers, to say nothing of the consequent reduction in the wage standards. ONE OF THE ARTISTS. Wanted to Contribute His Services as Well as the Best of the "Talent." Billy's sister is the organist of the church in the country town where the family spends its summers, and Billy blows the old-fashioned instrument upon which his big sister performs, says the Philadelphia Public Ledger. Some day, however, Billy will be an artist himself if his present spirit of pride in his work persists. Still, although he enjoys his task, the 25 cents he earns every Sunday is much appreciated by him. A concert was given in the church in aid of a local charity, and the singers and quite a number of "artists" who summer in the village, and whose services usually command big remuneration, volunteered their services. When the concert was over, the choir-master came to Billy, who had enjoyed greatly the importance of the occasion and his share in it, and held out a quarter to pay the boy for his work. Billy looked up in grieved surprise. "Why, say," said he, "aren't the rest of the talent giving their services for nothing?" A prisoner in Siberia lately sent the czar a gift in the shape of a large hazelnut, inside of which is a miniature chessboard, with all the pieces complete, carved out of ivory. The prisoner had worked at this little gem in his leisure hours for more than a year. The czar was so pleased that he desired to know for what the man had been sent to Siberia, and it is expected that a reprieve will be granted to him. Millions to Polley-Holders. An authority on life insurance matters has been gathering statistics on the subject of insurance policies and payments. In 9,333 cities and towns in the United States during the year 1902 the total distribution to policy holders and their beneficiaries exceeded $320,000,000. Tender-Hearted Burglar. Though taking all the money he could find, a burglar who broke into a woman's house in Paris left a note saying he could not find it in his heart to take her jewels lest they were heirlooms. ESA eA ek ag bah Satie Sian ate si <a cs ee ae very brit ‘eed fall of ee While Sar ee 5 ei oe " “Mrs, Robert J. Roulston, 540 West Gist place, left for Colorado Springs, Colo., Wednesday evening, where she mer with her two sons, Mr, Roulston, ‘who is connected with the wholesale _gfocery firm of McNeil, Higgins Com pany, will also leave for Colorado , August 21. ~. Jacob Feinberg, the big grocery deal- ~@, Bist ‘and State streets, will shortly olin Murray to force that Reverend gentleman and high roller to pay @ Dill amounting to $21.60, for chickens and other goods which he pought and teed ‘when he gave the grand -blow- out at Bethel Church Thanksgiving Lawrence A. and Mrs. Newby have) agreed to disagree; in the future they will not slide down the old cellar door together. Mrs. Newby is conducting an @legant rooming house at 2628 Wabash avenue, and she is getting along ver) nicely, In a short time she will ask the courts to break their former mar- Tiage vow so that she can resume her maiden name. Justice Theodore Mayer began his new duties as police magistrate at the Bast Chicago Avenue Police -Station, Thursday morning) James A. Quinn, | City Sealer of Chicago, George Wil-| tor Campball and many of the other tor Campbell and many of the other friends of Justice Mayer were on hand NAD iowers"Gad specie and ‘thay @ji assisted in giving him a good send of. | Pitchfork Tillman is again on the rampage. He glorifies in the fact that Negroes in South Carolina are burnt, shot and hanged, but the time ‘will come whien the Hon. (?) Mr. Till- man will get his just deserts. Such men as he are a disgrace to the human kind, and how decent white men can consort with him is a puz- ale to us. No decent colored men ‘would be found dead in his company. The AfroAmerican Ledger, cm more, Md. ‘The ‘sidiers belonging to the Sev- enth ‘Regiment have been withdrawn from Danville, Ill, and a militia com- pany located at Arcoia is now on duty at that point. “This proves that Gov. ‘Yates delights in insulting the white “and ‘colored soldiers of Danville by compelling them to step aside for men belonging in other sections of the state. What is the use in putting the “people of Illinois to the expense of maintaining a barracks at Danville ‘for the soldiers if they are to be prevent- ed from serving it when Anarchy raises its threatening head in this “state? Will you answer this question Gov. ‘Yates? ‘The American Federation of Cath- Otic “Societies met in Atiantic ‘City NW, J., this week, and its members went 0m record in opposition to mob aad ~iynch law, race feuds, riots, as un- ‘worthy of civilized people. Lynching ts regarded as murder and the burning and torturing of ‘people, even when) clearly guilty, as barbarous and 3 menace to the peace and security of earlier stages of slaveryh,barsnritifyra “all good citizens.” All Catholics were enjoined ‘to exert an ‘influence -to; “Bpread in the community sound opin- > other religious societies join hands with the Amprican Federation of Cath- ' lic: Societies, and assist to stamp out “mob and lynch law. is Wisdom Comes by Readina. Stop! -Don’t worry your friends and ‘neighbors about what happens and ‘what will take place in the ‘futare. Read good books and papers and learn for yeurself it is a wise thing to do. ‘You ‘ean find the best WHEKLY JOUR. NALS and MAGAZINES trom ail parts ‘of the ‘United States at the faitous Afro-American News Office, 3104 State street, You can find each month the Colored American Magazine from Bos- ‘tom, Mass.; the Colored Home Journal ‘from Pittsburg, Pa., and @ full tine of stationary, inciuding assortment of choice cigars and tobaceds. Call and see our display of race journals and ‘Mbrary pamphets that are edited by ‘the race. .If you don’t find what rou ‘want, leave your order for if. We are ‘reliable and ‘the only place of this »ai Rt PAULAWER Manarer ‘FIFTY CENTS FOR Two COPIES OF THE BROAD AX. Broad 4x In oper ‘to complete our files to-date, we wll-gheerfully pay : five cents“ GB Yor two' copie .. The papers mast-be tod a tion and the a. Gaprans ool Waa, Sunday évening church services. Must be fairly good lookiig, widow pre- fereed. Will receive reasonable com- pensation for services, Call in person on the-editor of The Broad AX, 5040 Armour ave., after 6 p. m. PEOPLE AND EVENTS. Benator J. W, Bailey, of Texas, has @ stock farm in Kentucky and up toa resent period owned one of the finest places in Texas, a combined farm and Fanch in the fertile prairies of Dallas President Loubet will resume his studies of astronomy as soon as he lays down the cares of state. An observa- tory is being built ‘on the grounds of the chateau which the president recently purchased. James Buchanan Duke is president of two tobacco companies and receives a salary of $50,000 from each ofthem. A shareholder once grumblingly asked Mr. Duke what he did in return for such handsome pay. “I am not paid for ‘what I do,” was the reply. “The com- panies pay me for the mistakes I avoid making.” : Joseph Snyder, an athlete‘of 92, who lives in Aetna, N. Y., challenges any man of 75 or older to walk from ten to 50 miles, “I'll walk him either with or without canes, though I prefer to carry one just for company. I walk at least ten miles every day, and the fel- low who takes up my challenge will have to scratch gravel mightly lively to win.” Thomas E. White, the Boston mulat- to whom Dr. Sargent, of Harvard uni- versity, regards as possessing the finest physical development he has ever seen, is five feet three inches tall and weighs 151 pounds. During a recent exami- nation by Dr. Sargent he lifted 1,776 pounds by the leg-lift, doing so with perfect ease. H. K. Kitson, the sculp- tor, is making a statue of him. The mulatto is employed in the Boston navy yard. Count de Is Vaulx, who tried last fall to cross the Mediterranean in a balloon and failed, owing to bad weather, is re- constructing his balloon and will make the trial again this year. His ballast will be in the form of water pumped up through a hose, the lower end of which trails in the sea. When the balloon Tises more water is pumped up, and when it descends some is Iet out. MISCELLANEOUS MENTION. The gold fever is raging in Africa, at- tracting men to the regions adjoining Khartoum, where copper and gold also exist in paying quantities. There were 800,000 bicycles sold in this country last year, and this yedr, up to the present time, the records show a de- cided increase over the sales of last year. ‘The longest walk on record isa little jaunt of 3,396 miles. ‘The distance cov- ered was‘from San Francisco to New York city, and the pedestrian was Mr. “Zoe” Gayton. og ae on Atigust 27, 1890, and in New ‘York March 27, 1991. a After picnicking under a haysteck, s oat de «Sage aera red ban, France, left an empty ginger beer bottle standing upon the ground. The gun's rays became focused through the glass, and set the stack alight It was buted to the ground. . Prot. Frans Wircholf, of the Univer- sity of Vienna, bas been charged by the ‘Viewna Atademy of Science to visit all se Senn aes pvientn-gelecies of Be- rope discover many genuine works of Raphael they contain. The professor, who is an expert, declares that of the pictures and drawings at- tributed to Raphael not more than 150 are genuine, the rest being either imi- tations or works of his pupils. IN THE GREAT CITIES. There are 4,702 lawyers in Chicago. ‘The increase in their number during the last twelvemonth was 320. More than 30 per cent of the inhabi- tants of London are so poor that they cannot afford meat, butter, tobacco, car fares, or even stamps for letters. A crusade is being made in New York against the professional beggars and street freaks. It is suggested that many of them will draw on their bank ac- counts and spend the symmer in the country. " The total number of arrests by the New ‘York police during the last year was 145436, an Increase Of 12,187 over Sacer prchnen cep ail other preeinets, with s total of 7,404; 3.555 were charged with intoxication, while 27,835 people were accused of dis- and battery. ant, FO hone Cairo is ome of the world’s interesting cities, It bss about 590,000 _popuiation. Woatle there are no great industries, the people are busyat all kinds of bandi- toon Gre hay ho mathapal eaten sans. Cairo has no autonomy, fon Minow ee tnd ote saproverene cf fhe a, some good butels, Iu—Wy to so many Wises pte oa oe dame The big women marry She Petes te Bo Mané—So Jack je engaged, is he? And is Lucy the bride to be? _ieene—No; she's the tried-to-be— DEVINE “O° COMNELL - Clark cod Washington Sx. Tetophons, Fisis O40. CNIcAGO, A. D. GASH ph pee = 84-86 La Salle Street, Ohicago, ‘Suite 615 to 659, _ ‘Telephone Main 3077. FREDERICK W. JOB ATTORNEY av Law SS ee ve cannes tao Cones CHICAGO FEDERICO M. BARRIOS Attorney & Counsellor at Law Suite 501 Firmenich Bldg. SAS Chicago. LAWRENCE A. NEWBY ATTORNEY AT LAW . Room 42, 119 La Salle Street CHICAGO ; Wilin Howard Ftzgeral LAWYER Room 402 Reser Back, - GBC wr A owners i rae Sees STEPHEN A. DOUGLAS LAWYER Suite 200, 123-125 L& Salle Sircet CHICAGO JOHN FITZGERALD WSTICE OF THE PEACE: 4781 &. HALSTED STREET. ees = ee J. GRAY LUCAS ATTORNEY-AT-LAW Suite 412 Real Estate Board Bidg 59 Dearbern St. Cor. Randolph CHICAGO. Phone Raséoipn 35 i J. J. HENNESSY, Justice-ofthe-Peace, 6301'S. Halsted S ‘WILLIAM TREXLER. CLERK. TELEPHONE WENTWORTH 4403. Police Magistrate Englewood Police Court. Notary Public. 5072 Central. EDWARD G. ALEXANDER, ATTORNEY af LAW. typ Dearborn ‘Street, CHICAGO. Robert M. Mitchell Attorney at Law Suite 9, No, 77 South Clark St. cHicaco WILLIAM RITCHIE ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR. : ‘Butee 526-480 Oxiord Builting S4 LASALLE ST., chicago ‘Teiepnens Main 1646 2 J. E. JONES S. A. McELWEE osLAWYER... 36S. Clark St., CHICAGO, te ALBERT 8. GEORGE 423 Ashland Bicok, Chicago. For Sale or Rent. Houses, fat buildings, and lots in ety and suburbs, on easy monthly in- ‘stallments. Fire Insurance and Fur. ‘nitme Loans at lowest rates.. Ee . GEO. .W. FAULKNER & 60, Phone 2331 Brown. 2835 State 8» ILLINGIS BRICK CO. WILLIAM C, KUESTER. SUPERINTENDENT. 1994 N. Western Ave., Chicago. : ' Telephone Lake View 270. 2 A Le mea |[Woop eect Ses i Sat sel Seow om Phenix Oil & Mineral Co. OF AmizOmA $200,000 CAPITAL Pays diviaends | per cent. monthly or 12 per cent per annvm. S ock nuw selling at We per share, fall paid and non assessable. For farther particular. a dress THE DAWES INVESTMENT COMPARY 614 First Nat opal Bank Bldg., Chicago HOHENADEL BROS. 211-213 oe Street “—. UNIFORI CAPS Policemen, Firemen, Sar Car Employes, a WN Batioad Employes Bta "Phone Central 8028. Fece Massage, Shampo-ing, Scalp Treating Mrs. Warner Chiropodist and Manicuring Removes \ orns Without Pain Medicated Foot Baths and Foot Massage 138 State St, 4th Floor, Chicago pea rere hee tod Delivered-- A. HOFFMAN, CLEANER, DYER AND PRESSER. Suits Sponged and Pressed -&¢ 5125 State St. Report Workmanship JACOB FEINBERG ' Market and Grocery ‘Telephone 565 South 81st and State Sts. 4 CHI CAGO Mrs. Florence Miller FASHIONABLE DRESSMAKER PERFECT FIT GUARANTEED PRICES REASONABLE 3151 State Street CHICAGO. Tel. Yards6093 = Notary Public John J. Bradley Real Estate, Insurance and Loans Property managed. Abstracts examined. Renting. Legal papers prepared. 4709 South Halsted Street —- - Chicago CHARLES L. WEBB COURT REPORTER ~ 77 South Olark St.. Room 9 CHICAGO. General Stenographer ' T. J. HUNTER LADIES’ FINE CLOTHING OF ALL KINDS Pancy Summer Dresses and Silk Waists WONDERFUL DISCOVERY Curly Hair Made Straight By OZONIZED D Ox MARROW eters UTES Sec eng a - s , Mason and JM Higsinbothan “si 226 East 25th Street - oo -2) “CACO F. W. BOYD —oeatenx_ COAL, WOOD AND ICE Al Orders Promptiy Attended to | cash on Delivery _— ‘Tylegene = 4686 Armour Avenue, GHICAGO. Telephone Yards: 718 dunks Brewery 308. P, JUNK, Manager 3700-3710 South Halsted Street _ and 897 to 929 Thirtyseventh Street ___disa_i(ar”stw!: C6IEIOAIO MRS... A. WILSON. Nicely furnished rooms to rent for gentlemen. Reasonable rates, 2252 Indiana aveune. Mrs. Anna L. Newby. First class furnished rooms, for rent to gentleman and ladies, with bath and gas. 2628 Wabash evenue. - American Brick Co. - President and Treasurer, THOMAS CAREY. J Vice-President, JOHN. SHELHAMER,_— Secretary, WILLIAM SULLIVAN. $ MANUFACTURERS OF Gommonr and Sewer Brick Office and Yards: / 45th and Robey Sts. a re So er ~ | feos for Rent. Elegantly furnished rooms for rent with bath and gas at 3232 Wabasb avenue, AGENTS AND CORRESPONDENTS we WANTED. ‘The Broad Ax desires to engage agents and regular correspondents in all the jeading cites and towns in 1- lineis‘and throughout the other seo dons of the country. The highest commissions paid to live hustisrs ‘Sample copies furnished. For further information address Julius F. Taylor 5049 Armour avenue, Chicago, IL