The Broad Ax

Rev. Geo.W. Slater Bishop Grant Is Accused of Stealing the Election of two Bishops in 1900 The A. M. E. Church Is Corrupt From the Bishop's Bench Down to the Pow Vol. VIII. Rev. Geo. Resigns as the P Park Bishop Grant Is Accused of Stealing The A. M. E. Church Is Corrupt Fro Julius F. Taylor, Esq.: Permit me to set forth the following facts through the columns of The Broad Ax. Early in the spring, two women Trustees in our Mission became angry at me because I would not agree with them in a matter of an entertainment against the wishes of the church. For nearly two months they made themselves very obnoxious to both pastor, church and congregation until it became evident to all concerned that their retention on the Board was derimental to the society. Failing to accomplish their design on the 11th of July in the Chicago Conservator they published over their signatures a scandalous and malicious falsehood concerning my wife and myself. On the following Wednesday at a church conference at the instance of a unanimous concurrence of pastor and members, they were suspended from office. Being very angry they threatened me personal violence and no doubt would have carried out their intent if two officers had not put the most bolsterous one out. Their conduct was reprehensible. They raved, whooped, and yelled until they brought a crowd to the door. On Friday they got a man (one who had at one time embezzled church funds) to take off our lock, put on another, nailed up the windows, and put a placard on the door "saying that they had rented the mission and there would be no services the following Sunday." On Saturday I was told that they had locked the door, I came into the city from Harvey, Ill., and went to a side window and found that they had not made it secure as they had thought. I pushed it open, went in, unlocked the door and had another put on. Then I went to see about protection and found that the only thing I could do was to get out a "writ of mandamus" or a warrant for disorderly conduct. I had neither time nor money to get out a "writ of mandamus" as this was Saturday afternoon. So the only thing for me to do was to protect my Sunday services by getting out a warrant. This I did and on Monday according to my own instructions our attorney plead for a small fine as I wanted protection only. The Judge imposed on them the cost of court. On that afternoon at the Preachers' meeting Bishop Grant called me in question for what had happened as those women had reported it to him. I impartially related to them the whole story. After the meeting many of the brethren commended the stand I had taken, "saying is was the only thing I could have done under the circumstances." The next morning I met Bishop Grant at Dr. Murray's home and the Bishop told me "that if the matter came to him for decision that he would decide against me, as I had no right to recommend their suspension." "He said they were elected for a year and if they became troublesome and detrimental, we would have to put up with it until the expiration of their term." I tried to show him that the body that created could depose, but he was obdurate. On Friday evening according to his request, Mrs. Slater and myself met Dr. Booth in Hyde Park for a conference at which time he had also requested the other two women to be present, but they did not come. At this meeting Dr. Booth told us "that the Bishop had sent him to ask us to leave Hyde Park and go to Davenport, that the members and public were against me." I told him they were not, that my church and congregation were with me. But he insisted and wanted me to say that --- night I would go, but I would not. "He said Davenport had a nice church, parsonage, 70 to 80 members and paid about $700 to $800 salary annually." I saw Bishop Grant at Dr. Carey's home, the Bishop just spoke to the contrary and said "he told the Presiding Elder that he preferred me to stay in Hyde Park and bring up my report. He asked me if I could do so." I told him, certainly. Then the Bishop said: "it is left to you, Bro. Slater, if you don't want to go to Davenport. I will give it to Bro. Clark," and before I left the Bishop called Bro. Clark up over the phone and he came in and I suppose got the charge as he is there now. This made me happy as I knew what I could do. I went home and Mrs. Slater and I planned our work and started to get up our Conference claims. The church was working nicely in harmony with us. But on the 29th of July to my surprise Dr. Booth calling me to Rev. Tillman's home, said "that the Bishop had placed papers in his hands and demanded him to proceed at once with an investigation, etc." I related to him what the Bishop himself had said to me and also told him again how that my people were with me and working so nicely, but he was determined to proceed. I then called his attention to the fact that my Steward's Board had not called him, and that if he should proceed on any other basis knowing the temper of my people and how insulting those two women were that I feared that some one would be hurt. Then he seemed to quiet down and said "he would meet me and my friends the next Tuesday evening in Hyde Park." We met him but to my utter astonishment and disgust he refused to hear them. The gentleman of the house insisted that he hear my friends as quite a number were present, but he would not, saying "that he had heard enough." He was ugly and rough about it. The insistence of my friends and myself was to no avail, and also in the very face of the fact that that very evening he had come from those two women's home to our meeting. He heard their side but refused ours. Dr. Booth then became the subject of much criticism for his actions in the matter. I left the room in company with my friends and went on working for conference. I had stopped part of my other employment that I might have more time. Then the Chicago Conservator took up the matter and published falsehoods galore, (and this paper remember is controlled by two prominent A. M. E. preachers of Chicago.) But I worked on, saying nothing, but watching, however, until I was informed of Bishop Grant's attitude toward me, as you saw in "The Broad Ax" of August 22, and especially where he was scattering falsehoods concerning my wife and myself over the district. Also I noticed that those two women all at once became very quiet, I could not see or hear of them. Well, I "scented things afar off." "I spied sin at a distance." Now, for a few comments on the above narration. Bishop Grant's decision against me, although contrary to statutory law and genius of organized bodies would make me guilty of mal-administration. The presiding Eldera attitude toward me and the ease with which those women were taking matters, when I know their natural disposition is to the contrary, when they are loosers in a controversy, and also the evident truth that Bishop Grant was talking against me, when he knows that his "words doth set as a canker;" when these facts were patent it seemed foolishness for HEW TO THE LINE. me to be "fattening frogs for snakes." Some have said why not make your report to conference and stand trial and prove your innocence. This looks nice on paper and sounds nice in spoken words, but those persons do not know or they forget that the will of an A. M. E. Bishop is law. The ministers do not dare brook his will, and especially when you have as crafty and astute parliamentarian as Bishop Grant. Did he not steal the election of two Bishops in 1900? and he and Dr. Carey stole the General Conference and are bringing it to Quinn Chapel in Chicago. I would stand as much show against Bishop Grant's will notwithstanding the righteousness of my cause, as a snow ball in that hot place. I am not built to be humilated by such a corrupt set. For the A. M. E. Church is corrupt from the Bishop's bench down to the pew with very few exceptions. Some of the worse types of moral imbecility grace the Bishop's chair. Some of the most libidinous scamps and rascals out side of the penetentiary are in her ministerial rank Yea, the whole church is characterized by the words of the Prophet Jeremiah 5:30,31. "A wonderful and horrible thing is come to pass in the land; the prophets prophesy falsely, and the priests bear rule by their own means, and my people love to have it so; and what will ye do in the end thereof. Those in control are corrupt and they will not permit any one to rise who will not bow at their behest. No minister can be on congenial terms with them unless he compromises. I know of two ministers who shook hands with me as it were, to oppose bad men and measures, but a time came when they wanted something and before they could get it they had to bow and promise their support to men whom they knew were bad, drunkards and libertines. My sense of the fitness of things revolts at such. I cannot compromise with wickedness. I prefer to take my pick and axe and to make an honest living for my family by laborious toll and return home at night with a clear conscience. I cannot will not bow the knee to Baal. God's harvest field is too wide for one to be compelled to work for him with such corruption. GEO. W. SLATER Resolutions. These resolutions are evident that Rev. Slater and Mrs. Slater are held in the highest esteem by the members of Hyde Park Chapel, and they, one and all, greatly regret that Rev. and Mrs. Slater have severed their connection with their church. Chicago. Aug. 18. '03. Whereas, there is being circulated statements reflecting upon the moral, religious and official character of our pastor, Rev. Geo. W. Slater, and of the temper of the relationship between himself, wife, and the church, Hyde Park Chapel. Be it resolved, that as the relationship existing between our pastor, his wife, and our church is most pleasant and harmonious. And be it further resolved, that at no time did this church nor any of its officers lock the church doors against them because of their refusal to make to the church financial reuorts of any kind. And be it further resolved, that the doors of our church were locked by two women after they had been lawfully deposed from office by the recommendation and unanimous concurrence of both pastor and church, because it was evident to all concerned that their retention on the board was detrimental to the good of the society. And be it further resolved, that the four years that Rev. and Mrs. Slater has been with us as pastor and wife that they have ever maintained the bearing of an honest, sincere, and industrious Christian gentleman and MARLE GRANT. M. Mrs. L. A. Davis, President of the Phyllis Wheatly Woman's Club of Chicago, National Organizer of the association of Colored Woman's Clubs, who is one of the most active and energetic workers for the advancement of her sex in America. The 4th annual meeting of The Illinois Federation of Colored Women's Clubs held in Lyon's Hall, Evanston, the latter part of August, was by far the best since its organization in 1899. It has grown from 7 clubs to its present enrollment of 34 with a membership of 800. Seventy-five delegates were present, representing Chicago, Evanston, Peoria, Springfield, Jacksonville, Bloomington, Galesburg, Danville, Monmouth, Aurora and Elgin. A large number of distinguished visitors were present at all of the sessions. The beautiful decorated hall was crowded each day. The amount of business transacted and the excellent program, the fine papers and interesting discussions will long be remembered by those who were fortunate enough to be present. The keynote of the convention emphasized by every delegate was race elevation, to assist its progress in every way possible. The Julia Garton Club docerves great credit for the royal manner in which they entertained the federation. It is composed of only 15 active members, with Mrs. M. V. Baker, of Glenco, President. Two hundred handsomely gowned women and correctly dressed men sat down to the banquet on Tuesday evening, enjoyed the music and inspiring toasts. Mrs. A. J. Woods is an excellent toast mistress. Every woman returned to her home filled with inspiration, and feeling that club work is worth while when conducted along helpful lines. The reports of the various clubs show that the members have not been idle, but are doing what their hands find to do. Hundreds of articles of clothing had been passed along to needy ones during the past year, large numbers of individual and collective cases of destitution have been helped. Established institutions have received contributions, study classes have been formed to enable members to gain a knowledge of race literature, in fact these clubs realize that the best help comes from within and not without, and they are doing what they can to better home conditions in their respective communities by encouraging their members to be worthy to wear the badge of race respectability. The following officers were elected for the ensuing year: President, Mrs. F. H. Clint, Chicago; Vice Presidents, Mrs. K. D. Tilman, H. R. Fields, Peoria, Mrs. S. Allen, Galesburg, Miss Emma Smith, Bloomington, Mrs H. Peyton, Chicago; Recording Secretary, Mrs. L. Kenniebrew, Jacksonville; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. D. Turner; Treasurer, Mrs. M. V. Baker, Evanston; State Organizer, Mrs. J. C. McClain, Springfield; Chairman Ways and Means Committee, Mrs. W. R. Johnson, Chicago. It can be stated with much pleasure that the remarkable increase and progress of the Colored Women's Clubs, of this state, is largely due to the great efforts put forth by Mrs. L. A. Davis, President of the Phyllis Wheatly Woman's Club of this city and National Organizer of the Association of Colored Women's Clubs in that direction, and she certainly should feel highly gratified to behold the fruits of her labors branching out in every direction throughout Illinois and the United States. (For "The Broad Ax.") 1, 2, 3, 4, 5,—8. The reader will observe the figures at the beginning of this paragraph; but, until he finishes this article, he is not likely to bestow upon them the significance to which they are justly entitled. A farmer had in his fruit-orchard a robust, hardy apple tree. It was what fruit raisers denominate "a standard tree;" that is, it was a tree grown from the seed of the tree from which its predecessors had grown; and so on, backward and backward. There had been no admixture with apple trees of a different variety. The farmer, wishing to improve the flavor of the fruit this standard tree yielded, he grafted into its trunk, or bole, the young shoot of a pear tree; and true enough, the next year's apples had a sort of pear flavor. Experimenter, as he was, he then grafted into it the sion of the plum tree. The apples of the year that followed were of still better flavor than those that had preceded them. A third grafting of a quince followed; then peach and apricot, making a fourth and a fifth. A sixth and seventh unsuccessful attempt was made; and, although the standard tree still lived, its owner discovered that, at each succeeding grafting, it looked less robust, and there were not so many apples. In fine, there was but half a crop after the first grafting! but a quarter of a crop after the second grafting; but an eighth of a crop after the third grafting; and but a sixteenth after the fourth grafting. The fifth grafting lessened the supply to a thirty-second: the sixth to a sixty-fourth; the seventh to a 128th, and after the 8th grafting, there was no fruit at all. The farmer was puzzled; and, on reviewing the matter, he then remembered that, with the fruit of each grafting there was a corresponding quickness in the decay of the fruit yield. And he noticed, also, that although the hardy standard tree had lived and yielded fruit, the supply of the fruit lessened with each grafting. Poor man! He was puzzled exceedingly. Why? Because he did not comprehend that great law of nature which says—"Thus far thou mayst go, but no farther!" The great law, under which we are born, live and grow, is a fixed, unalterable law. To a certain extent we can and do violate it; but we cannot violate it beyond a certain limit. The black race (African), the pure black blooded, is one of the five races of mankind that have reached the plane of memory, foresight, reflection. The other four races are the white (Caucasian), red (the Indian), the brown (the Malay), and the yellow (Chinese). The cultivation of the mind will put either of these five races on its own plane; and the plane of one race is no higher than another; but no race can reach its own plane or the plane of another by mixing. Mongrels have no plane—no race—because their blood is a compound of various degrees of other bloods. Therefore if a race of people wish to become elevated, if they desire to stand upon No.45. a mental and physical platform as high as that upon which another race occupies, they must propogate exclusively among themselves. A pureblood man or woman must marry a pure-blooded woman or man, if a pureblooded offspring is expected. A race of people, no matter whether black, brown, red, yellow or white, cannot reach its true plane by mixture. It is against Nature's fixed law—a crime which Nature punishes, and how? Wh? by extinction. The figures show—what? Why, the gradual deterioration of a race, that indulges in mixing with other races. Each mixture lessens the number of offspring; and there is a proportional shortening of the life period. When an eighth mixture is reached, there is no further offspring! There are many pretty octooroon girls and some fine-looking octooroon boys; but there are no octooroon mothers or fathers. Many quinteroons (five eighths white) pass for octooroons, but they are not such. Let the pure black man and the pure black woman unite. Let them teach their children the importance of race purity—and in time their offspring will rise to a plane as high as is the plane upon which stands any other race. Let the black race arouse its racial pride; its ambition; let it cultivate the faculty of reason and cram into its brain everything that is educational. By so doing it will become elevated. Respectfully. For Ten Days by Judge Kavanaugh for Contempt of Court. The strong arm of the Law swung down on F. L. Barnett, Assistant State's Attorney, Thomas J. Howard, a detective, and officer Louis Hovillion, Cincinnati, Ohio, in Judge Kavanaugh's court, Wednesday, and his Hon. fined Barnett fifty dollars and ordered him stored away in the Cook County Jail for ten days for contempt of court. The other two men were also sent to jail for the same length of time. It seems that Walter B. Hoyt was freed by Judge Kavanaugh on a writ of habeous corpus, and after Hoyt had been set at liberty, contrary to the order or the instructions of the court, Barnett advised the officers to re-arrest Hoyt, that act on his part heated Judge Kavanaugh up and in passing sentence on the would-be assistant State's Attorney, the Judge declared that "The highest right in this country is the writ of habeous corpus. The man who sets it at defiance is not only guilty of a crime against a particular person, but is guilty of a crime against society." The chances are that Barnett will spend his Sunday in jail where he will have plenty of time to reflect on the many black deeds which he has inflicted upon his fellow men. Rev. Archibald James Carey denounced Rev. George W. Slater from his pulpit Sunday night because Rev. Slater had the courage to show up the preachers who stole the $200 of dollar and mite missionary money at the Iowa Conference in 1902. Rev. Archibald's actions Sunday night is clear proof that he reads every line in The Broad Ax. The following are the nine prominent shouters or workers for the Lord who signed the finance report referred to by Rev. Slater: G. C. Beoth, H. H. Thompson, J. W. Malone, J. C. Anderson, H. S. Graves, T. Reeves M. I. Gordon, R. C. Ransom, Archibald James Carey, Secretary Finance Committee, and if you should happen to hear any one of these brethren beefing about the two hundred dollars which stuck to their fingers you can readily see that they have been batted between the eyes with a hard rock by Rev. George W. Slater. W. P. Lundy, who has often gone down in his pocket and dug up his own money in order not to permit the banner of Democracy to trail in the dust in the 31st ward, should be selected as one of the County Commissioners in 1904, for above all things Mr. Lundy is honest, a practical business man, and he would make an ideal servant of the people. THE BROAD AX. Will promulgate and at all times uphold the true principles of Democracy, but Catholic, Protestant, Priest, Indiehold, Farmers, Single Tractors, Republican, Knight of Lobot, or any one else can have their man to long their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in advance. One Year..... $2.00 Six Months..... 1.00 Advertising rates made known on application. Address all communications to THE BROAD AX 6040 Armour Avenue, Chicago. JULIUS F. TAYLOR, Editor and Publisher. Entered at the Post Office at Chicago Ill. as Second-class Matter. Her Own Secret. "A woman can never keep anything to herself," said Danboy to his wife, who had been repeating something he didn't want known. "Oh, yes, she can," said Mrs. Danboy, sweetly. "I'd like to know what it is," he growled. "It's her real and private opinion of her husband."—Tit-Bits. Difference of Opinion. "What is genius?" asked the man who has a liking for abstruse questions. "There is a difference of opinion on that question," answered Mr. Sirius Barker; "some people think that genius is an infinite capacity for taking pains; others that it is the ability to get on without doing any work worth mentioning."—Washington Star. Quite Surprising. Subbubs-I bought some chickens yesterday and started a poultry yard, and early this morning there were two colored men hanging around my place. Col: South-Yo' don't say, suh? And do yo' really hang 'em up hyar merely fo' stcalin' chickens? Philadelphia Press. Clearly Not That "Are you sure, Mr. Spoonamore," she asked him, after a moment's pause, "it isn't my $25,000 legacy, instead of me, that attracts you?" "I am, Miss Higgsworthy," he answered, with strong feeling. "I thought it was ten times as much as that!"—Chicago Tribune. Extremely Cynical "Wasn't that a dreadful scandal?" "Yes," answered Miss Cayenne. "I understand the people concerned are almost heartbroken." "That's true. It was a dreadful humiliation to them to find they didn't have enough influence to keep it out of the newspapers."—Washington Star. Teacher was telling the class about the collar bone, and little Lucy's chubby hand went up to ask permission to speak. "I know, teacher," she lisped; "I know what people has when they break the collar bone—they has the cholera morbus!"—N. Y. Times. Explained. Willie (who has attended three rainy Sunday school excursions)—Mamma, why does it rain every day? Mamma—Well, Willie, I think that all the farmers must have prayed for rain, and God has been answering each prayer separately.—N. Y. Times. His Greatest Need. Servant—There's a beggar at the door, sir. Goodart—Well, see that he gets what he is most in need of, and— Servant—Do you mean that I'm to make him use your bathroom, sir?—Philadelphia Press. "Say, pa," queried little Johnny Bumpernickle, "what's a test case?" "A test case, my son," answered the wise parent, "is a case brought up in court to decide whether there is enough in it to justify the lawyers in working up similar cases."—Cincinnati Enquirer. Two secrets only woman hath, concerning these she's sage; One-half her life she hides her loves—the other half her age. -Destroit Free Press. "Not in the least," answered Miss Giggins. "I used to be, but, do you know, I found that whenever I got to believing in signs I had bad luck."—Washington Star. Got a Life Customer. "You haven't charged me nearly as much for half soling these shoes as I expected." "No, ma'am. We charge according to size of shoe."—Chicago Tribune. It Requires No Bait. Simple—I wonder why fishermen always exaggerate so terribly about the fish they catch? Sharpe—Because it's a lot easier to lie than it is to catch fish.—Ally Sloper. Marvel of Consistence. "Oh, he was a born debater!" said one friend to another the other day. "There is nothing he likes better than an argument. He won't even eat anything that agrees with him."—Tit-Bits. Hard to Follow. Mother—When you get angry with Bobby Jones you must stop and count 20. Son—I tried that once, and he hit me so hard I counted 20 stars.—Judge. Defied. "What is your idea of a popular tune?" "A popular tune," said the man who takes music seriously, "is one that gets to be universally dialked."—Washington Star. TITLED MOTOR CAR AGENTS. The automobile craze has opened a new field for the impecunious woman in high society, and many are making much money acting as agents for the various makes of machines, says a London report. A certain woman of title is known to have sold, within six months, five high power cars and 14 smaller ones, and made in commissions about $15,000. There was no trouble in making the transactions, for all she had to do was to tell her wealthy friends that her car was the best on the market, and give her card to the intending purchaser, to be presented to the maker. To help his titled agent, the manufacturer places a car, sometimes two, at her disposal, usually at her country house, sends down competent chauffeurs in smart uniforms, and keeps the cars in thorough going order, knowing well that a good run is more likely to influence a prospective purchaser than most things. She manages to get some wealthy friends for a visit, and then talks motor from morning to night, and gives them rides until they are fit subjects for buying. Some of the smart women make additional profits by selling the cars placed at their disposal on the spot for $500 more than the price, and then paying for the machines so sold, at their leisure, at the regular price, less the commission. DEAF-MUTES NEVER GIDDY. It is a singular fact, vouched for by those who have investigated the subject that a deaf can whirl around interminably without seeming to suffer in any way from vertigo. "I have seen them do it repeatedly," said a physician long connected with a deaf and dumb institute, "and their performances bear out a theory of Dr. William James, the Harvard psychologist—the brother, you know, of Henry James, the novelist. There is a certain tube, connecting with the ear, that is the seat, according to William James, of our sense of dizziness and vertigo. In deaf-mutes this tube is deranged. Therefore, according to James' theory, deaf-mutes should be incapable of suffering vertigo. "The psychologist experimented on this matter at Harvard; he had hundreds of deaf and normal persons spinning round like these children; for him. And the result of the experiment bore him out. Out of a large number of mutes most were proof against vertigo, and the balance only suffered it slightly. Of 300 Harvard students submitted to the same test, but one showed vertigo in a very marked form. Thus James proved that the deaf are immune to dizziness. The boys at the Mount Airy institution prove the same thing." THE MEANING OF MUSIC Tones Have Their Specific Expressions Just as Much as Spoken Words. "Music is a science more exact than most people suppose," said a violinist, reports the Philadelphia Ledger. "You can't, for instance, say different things with the same tones in music any more than you can say different things with the same words in English or French. 'Black' means 'black' in English; never under any circumstances can it mean 'white.' In the same way, in music, a major third expresses an interrogation or an appeal, never anything else, and this appealing quality becomes exceedingly marked in the fourth descending, while the fourth ascending advances from interrogation to affirmation and finally to command. Major and minor fifths travel by regular gradations from prayer to desire, and from desire to menace. Sixths express passion—all love music is written in sixths. To a semi-tone higher, and this love, this passion, becomes a painful, an emulous, an ill-starred one. Sevenths express grief, tragedy. Perhaps you think I am exaggerating here, but I assure you I am not. What I claim you will find claimed in many treatises on music, and if you will study the works of the composers, you will find that they, too, bear me out." Make the Tropics Contribute Development of the great natural resources of the tropical belt of the earth is, in the opinion of Hon. O.P.Austin, chief of the bureau of statistics, a necessity for the future progress of the world. Although this belt contains practically one-half of the land area of the globe, it now contributes but one-sixth of the exports which enter into international commerce. With the growing population of the world, and the increase of facilities for transportation, a change should be wrought in this respect. Science has shown how life and health can be protected in the tropics, and India southern China, and other oriental countries contain populations capable of laboring, and willing to labor, in the tropics. Finally, Mr. Austin points out that in comparatively recent years practically all the tropics, except tropical America, have been brought under the control of temperate-zone countries. Electricity in Dentistry. It is proposed to use currents of electricity in place of anaesthetics for operations on the teeth. One pole is connected to an electrode molded to fit the tooth and lined with wet asbestos to counteract any heating effect on the tooth itself. Five minutes suffices to render insensible a tooth with a single fang. British Colonial Territory. Three-sevenths of the total colonial territory of the world, Egypt and the Sudan included, belongs to Great Britain. PURELY PERSONAL. Secretary Cortelyou has transferred the statistical work of the immigration bureau to the census bureau. His policy is to make the census bureau the one great statistical bureau of the government. Dr. C. M. Mills, curator of the Ohio State Archaeological society, has discovered a prehistoric village on the Gartner farm, a few miles south of Chillisothe, O. He has made excavations, which disclose many valuable relics of the ancient people who wandered over the country ages ago. Paul Deschanel, ex-president of the French chamber of deputies, is regarded as a coming president of the republic. It is said that he entertains that opinion himself. He is young, rich, clever, the most well-groomed politician of his party, a favorite in society, a member of the academy and high in the favor of the czar. Dr. James Sully, the eminent Washington psychologist, claims to have proved by long observation and a series of mechanical experiments that society's ban against hearty laughter as "bad form" is producing a mirthless and sourvisaged race. People in the "smart set," says Dr. Sully, do not laugh as their forefathers did because they think that to do so would be quite vulgar. Sir Henry Irving has been chosen president of the British Empire Shakespeare society, an organization which aims to help the rising generation "not only to study Shakespeare's works, but to love them." The bishop of Ripon is one of the vice presidents, and numerous notables in the theater world are prominently associated. The society has about 1,000 members, its programme being lectures, reading and presentations of entire plays. TOLD BY PHYSICIANS. Owing to the cool weather of July the death rate in the large cities is ten to 16 per cent. less than the average for that motnh. An attack of typhoid fever, of pneumonia, or of erysipelas that would be mild in a sober man would kill one addicted to alcohol quickly. A circular has been issued by Paris physicians taking the radical ground that alcohol is never and never can be of any use whatever to the organism. A motor fan should be placed near an open window or other opening where it can draw fresh air. If in a corner or center of a room it simply stirs up foul air. A new improvement of the microscope made at Java university consists in so arranging the illumination that no light can enter the objective except that reflected by the object under examination. This, it is claimed, brings into view objects about half the size of those formerly, proving the limit of minuteness. In order to secure certification of his milk by the milk commission of New York city, the dairyman must have a clean cement floor stable, with whitewashed walls and abundant windows. Cows must be sponged and their tails scrubbed before each milking. White suits must be worn by attendants, bottles and utensils scalded, and filled bottles kept on ice and shipped in refrigerator cars. LEGAL RULINGS. A business is held, in Sawyer vs. Com. (Mass.), 59 L. R. A. 726, not to be property within the meaning of a statute providing a jury trial to determine the damage in case of injury to "property" by the exercise of the right of eminent domain. Reading the Bible, offering prayer and singing hymns, during school hours in the public schools, in accordance with the usages of sectarian churches, is held, in State ex rel. Freeman vs. Scheve (Neb.), 59 L. R. A. 927, to be an infringement of the constitutional guaranty of religious freedom. The pendency and dismissal of a former action are held, in Rodman vs. Missouri Pacific Railroad company (Kan.), 59 L. R. A. 704, not to extend the time for bringing an action under a statute which gives a right of action for damages for death by wrongful act, which did not exist at common law, but provides that it shall be commenced within two years. The flowing of land by a dam for manufacturing purposes is held in Avery vs. Vermont Electric company (Vt.), 59 L. R. A. 817, to be a taking within the meaning of the constitutional provision regulating the taking of land by right of eminent domain. An extensive note to this case collates all the other authorities on liability for damming back water of stream. BRAIN LEAKS Sourness is not sanctification. The man who whistles at his work seldom slights it. The man who forgets easiest has the clearest conscience. Only fools envy the man who is the slave of his money. When money talks it seldom has any trouble in finding a listener. A man usually has to work doubly hard for two weeks after a vacation in order to get rested up. The boy who never had a grandmother is going to miss some precious recollections when he is a man. Some men look upon home as being merely a place where they can rest up for the next day's work. There is plenty of room at the top. The trouble is in the awful jam around the bottom of the ladder. If the average man could do as much work as he thinks he can there would be little demand for labor-saving machinery. The trouble with the "trustees of providence" is that they want to claim all their successes as their own and blame their failures on providence—The Commoner. JUSTICE QUEERLY DISPENSED. English Magistrate Encourages the Belief That Malefactors Would Better Be Drunk. Being under the influence of drink is usually considered no excuse for having committed a crime, but it would seem that one magistrate is inclined to be an exception to his brothers on the bench in this direction, says Cassell's Journal. Recently a justice of the peace had two young men before him on a charge of theft. They pleaded guilty, and as this obviated the necessity for evidence being given, the magistrate was somewhat in the dark as to their culpability. "Well, sir," he said, addressing one of the prisoners, "have you anything to say in extenuation of your offense?" The prisoner hung his head, and replied meekly: "Your worship, I was drunk when I did it." "Drunk!" exclaimed the magistrate; "that makes the offense all the worse. You will go to prison for three months. And you, sir," he continued, addressing the other prisoner, "what have you to say for yourself?" "Nothing, your honor?" was the reply. "Were you drunk?" pursued the justice. "No, your honor; I was never drunk in my life." "Indeed!" exclaimed the magistrate, raising his eyebrows in affected astonishment. "Have you not even that excuse? Then you will go to prison for six months!" MASOUERADING FRUITS. Nuts and Seeds That Resemble in Form Certain Animals and Insects Of fruits that resemble animals, the buffalo-headed nut, trapa bicornis of China, is perhaps the most astonishing. Nothing is more curious than its resemblance to a buffalo-head, horns, eyes and nose. It is an aquatic plant, with dissected submerged leaves and a tuft of aerial broad leaves. The nut contains a sweet edible kernel, and a species in Cashmere is a staple food. One species has been naturalized in our Concord river. These nuts are also known as water caltrops, in allusion to the spiked balls, formerly used to impede cavalry. The imitative shape has no supposable use, except as the horns may hinder animals from swallowing it. Some seeds resemble insects. Thus, the husk of biserrula pelecinus suggests a caterpillar or a centipede; the seed of the castor-oil plant a beetle, and, still more, a jatropha would easily be mistaken for a beetle, showing thorax and two elytra with their lines of ornamentation. A low leguminous plant of the Mediterranean region, scorpius subvillosa, has a pod that resembles a worm or a serpent more than a scorpion's tail, which is the meaning of the generic name; but in scorpius vermicullata the likeness to a caterpillar is so striking that the pods are sometimes laid upon salads to test the nerves of guests; the latter is called the caterpillar plant. POTATOES A GREAT CROP. Value of the Tubers Exceeds That of Any/Other Single Product of the Farm. The opinion generally prevails that wheat or corn—in some regions one and in others the other—constitute the crop of greatest value to the world. Such is not the fact. The potato leads all other staples, being produced at the rate of 4,000,000,000 bushels a year, while the wheat yield is only 2,500,000,000. Europe produces seven-eighths of the world's potatoes, but it is little Ireland which eats most of them, averaging four pounds of potatoes a day per capita. The United States is on record as the greatest meat-eating country in the world, 11,000,000,000 pounds yearly being consumed here. There are physiologists who ascribe to this her power on land and sea. Johnny Bull has the sweetest tooth among the world's children, heading the list of sugar consumers at a yearly rate of 3,000,000,000 pounds of sugar. Of tobacco, however, the average in Belgium is 110 ounces per capita, in the United States only 43 ounces. But in the matter of beer the United States again takes the lead, showing a record of 30 gallons a year for each inhabitant, distancing even Germany herself. MESSAGE ROUND THE WORLD. Time Spent and Cost of Telegraphing Two Words Forty Thousand Miles. A Paris correspondent of Nature writes: "July 3 the Temps resolved to send a message round the world by telegraphy, using the Anglo-French system of transoceanic cables. The message was sent from Paris at 11 a. m. and consisted of the two words 'Temps, Paris,' with the indication of the route, via Malta, Aden, Singapore, Brisbane, Vancouver and French Atlantic cable. As the indication of the route is not paid for, the cost of the experiment was only $3.28. No previous explanation or preliminary notice had been served to the several companies, but the organization of the Anglo-French system is so perfect that the message arrived at the Temps office at 5:30 p. m. The time spent had been six hours for traveling about 40,000 miles, a measure of the commercial speed of electricity on the occasion of the inauguration of the American, Sandwich, Philippine and Hong-Kong system." A certain justice of the peace in Maryland evidently imagines that cows can read big print. He recently gave a verdict against a railroad company for killing a cow near a road crossing for the reason that "the defendant had no sign up at the crossing." Clever George. "Why is Emily so anxious to hurry up her wedding day?" "She told me George was the anxious one." "George! Why George said he'd wait for her any length of time—no matter how long it was." "Did he?" "Yes. He said he'd wait for her seven years, and if that wasn't long enough he'd wait seven years longer." "Clever George. Of course that was just the way to make Emily determine that she'd marry him at once."—Cleveland Plain Dealer. "So you're learning to play chess," said Maud. "The moves must be very difficult." "Yes. But the worst part isn't the moving. It's the keeping still."—Washington Star. No Use. This life is mournfully unjust. It is a world of woe. The more we kick about a trust The higher prices go. —Washington Star. The bashful lover drew his breath And made an effort, grand; "I wish I were the glove," he cried "That rests upon your hand!" She blushed a trifle, and replied, "I must admire your taste, But I would rather that you were, The belt around my waist." —N. Y. Times. AGENTS FOR THE BROAD AX From on and after this date The Broad Ax can be found on sale at the following places: The Afro-American News Office, 3104 State Street. The Gem Shoe Shining Parlor, 336 30th, near State street. A. F. Tervalon's Cigar Store and News Stand, 2826 State street. Edward Felix's Cigar Store, 398 30th street, N. E. Corner Armour Ave. T. B. Hall's Cigar Store and Laundry office. 281 29th St. M. H. Watts, dealer in cigars and tobacco, 3742 State street. The Stationery, 2970 State street. J. C. Campbell, 145 W. 47th street., Cigars, Tobacco, Staple Groceries. Wm. H. Monroe, cigar and newsstand, 486 State street. Theodore JUSTICE OF Mortgages, Deeds, Notes and Acknowledged. All Co Theodore C. Mayer JUSTICE OF THE PEACE Mortgages, Deeds, Notes and Legal Documents Drawn and Acknowledged. All Collections Promptly Attended to POLICE MAGISTRATE RESIDENCE East Chicago Ave. Pollce Court 337 Burling Str CHICAGO JOHN A ORB, WILLIAM LEGNER, President. Vice Pres. & Treas. WEST SIDE BREWERY COMPANY CHICAGO, U. S. A. CORNER AUGUSTA ANN Monroe 1567—TELEPH It's the O JUST LOOK WHAT YOU CORNER AUGUSTA AND PAULINA STREETS. Monroe 1567—TELEPHONES—Monroe 1573. It's the Only Place JUST LOOK WHAT YOU CAN FIND AT THE AFRO--AMERICAN NEWS STORE A ull Line of Stationery, Cigars and Tobacco Papers sent by mail to any part of the country. Give us a call and see for yourself if we haven't what you want. Leave your order and we will get it for you. Remember the name and place AFRO-AMERICAN NEWS STORE E. H. FAULKNER, Manager IMPORTED AND DOMESTIC WINES, LIQUORS AND CIGARS 8682 SOUTH HALSTED STREET. Whiteley Bros., 2724 State street, cigars, and news stand. J. New 131 W. 51st street, cigars, tobacco and confectionaries. C. E. Hunter, 4503 Wentworth ave., cigars, tobacco, news stand. T. J. Hill, cigars and stationery store., 5220 Lake Ave. Wm. Dixon 2638 State Street cigars, tobacco, and news stand. Isidor Jacobson, cigars, togacco and stationery, 3149 State St. Joseph Haywood, 2960 1-2 State street, new stand, and confectionary store. Wm. Goetz, News Stand and Laundry Office, 411 E. 36th st. News items and advertisements left at these places will find their way into the columns of The Broad Ax. The Souls of Black Folk A REMARKABLE BOOK that is provoking much discussion because of the wonderful eloquence with which the author pleads for right and justice to his people. In these days of increasing agitation over the "negro problem" this passionate human document can neither be overlooked nor ignored. Aside from its remarkable presentation of facts it holds the reader—prejudiced or not—by its fascination of style and overpowering pathos. Some of the Chapter Headings follow: OF OUR SPIRITUAL STRIVINGS. OF THE DAWN OF FREEDOM. OF MR. WASHINGTON AND OTHERS. OF THE MEANING OF PROGRESS. OF THE TRAINING OF BLACK MEN. OF THE BLACK BELT. OF THE SONS OF MASTER AND MAN. OF THE FAITH OF THE FATHERS. OF THE PASSING OF THE FIRST-BORN. OF ALEXANDER CRUMMELL. OF THE COMING OF JOHN. OF THE SORROW SONGS. 8d Edition $1.20 net Published by A.C. McClurg & Co., Chicago C. Mayer THE PEACE d Legal Documents Drawn elections Promptly Attended to AGO WILLIAM LEGNER, Vice Pres. & Treas. SIDE ERY ANY, PAULINA STREETS. ONES—Monroe 1573. nly Place U CAN FIND AT THE CHICAGO RESIDENCE 337 Burling Street Coming Retirement of Secretary Root Is of Great Importance. Has Restored the War Department to Prominence—Able Successor Will Be Found in Gov. Taft— "Datto Pershing.". Washington.—Of all the happenings of the Roosevelt administration there is none which is likely to have a greater influence on its fortunes than the coming retirement of Secretary Root, which will take place at the beginning of the new year. Outside the president himself the secretary of war has been the strong man of the administration, the most forceful per- Elihu Root sonality and clearest intellect. He was all that with McKinley and perhaps more, for McKinley leaned on him even more than Roosevelt and depended in large measure on his initiative and executive ability. It is a striking circumstance that two presidents of dispositions so different should have placed dependence on the same man and that both should have found in him just the qualities which appealed to each. No matter what view may be taken of Root's policies and politics nobody will deny him the possession of intellect of a high order and a capacity for accomplishment which has been possessed by few. A fact not generally known was revealed a few nights ago by Postmaster General Payne at a dinner party given to the retiring secretary at the Country club near Washington. The postmaster general, who was very close to the inside of the campaign of 1900, declared and produced the documents to show that he was right—that when republican leaders were looking around for a candidate for vice president to run on the ticket with McKinley their choice fell on Root and that it was the president's desire that Root should be selected, but that Root refused to let his name be used, as he preferred to stay in the war department and complete the work there he had begun. Regains Lost Prestige. Owing to developments since the war with Spain the secretary of war with Spain the has come to be again one of the three great members of the cabinet. The other two are the secretary of state and the secretary of the treasury. It was the original scheme of the government that this should be so, but in the course of time with the creation and development of other The Old Time Secretary of War departments the war department sank into a subordinate place, and in the whole history of the United States there are only two war secretaries who had great reputations in office prior to 1898-Edwin M. Stanton and Jefferson Davis. Davis as secretary conceived and executed the plan of seacoast fortifications which, for that day, was the most complete and up to date of any country in the world. He did a great work which ought not to be altogether forgotten in the later treason. Stanton was, of course, a real war secretary with all that the title implies. But with those exceptions, up to 1898 the secretary of war was regarded as one of the minor positions in the cabinet, so far as work and influence were concerned. It was a position where everything went by routine and where there was little for a secretary to do except occasionally to assert his dignity and prerogative against a commanding general. Among the later presidents it grew to be the practice that the politician of the administration was put at the head of the war department because his official duties were less likely there to interfere with his political work than in any other place. The war with Spain changed all this. The enlargement and reorganization of the army, the acquisition of distant possessions requiring a certain degree of military supervision, and the thrusting forward of the United States into a position among nations where she was more likely to become an object of envy and attack have combined to make it essential that the secretary of war shall be a man of the very highest ability and that he shall attend to business. Root has filled the bill. Root's Probable Successor. When Root goes out his position will be filled by Governor Taft, who has made such a record as to convince the administration that he is just the man for the place in the cabinet which requires especial executive ability. Taft is a very different kind of person from Root. For one thing he is 20 years younger. Root has already established his po- William H. Taft established his pos ition at the New York bar, while Taft was just graduating from Yale.. Taft is big, companionable and good-natured. while Root is slight of figure, and inclined to haughtiness and reserve, except with those whom he knows intimately. Taft is a "mixer." Root is the reverse. But Taft is a master of the law, as Root is, and he is an indefatigable worker, as Root is. It is safe to say that if Taft becomes secretary of war he will get along swimmingly with every officer, high or low, who understands his business, for he has consummate tact and has a faculty of getting all the work out of a man there is in him without causing any heartburnings. That has been his record in the Philippines, and it was his record when he was in Washington during Harrison's administration as solicitor general of the department of justice. It was as solicitor general that Taft first had an opportunity to distinguish himself. He was a young fellow then in the early thirties and he had not been in office six months before he was one of the best known and best liked officials of the government. He had the faculty of making friends in an extraordinary degree and yet at the same time he was winning his way among the leaders and establishing himself as a lawyer of unusual promise. The promise he displayed then he has more than fulfilled. Datto Pershing's Philippine Record. A modest hero whose name has not been equal to his deserts, registered a few days ago as "John J. Pershing U. S. A., on. leave until October 30." That is the description of Capt. Pershing, the young officer who has done such brave things in Mindanaowhere he has brought the fierce Moros into subjection. What Pershing did in Mindanao would ```markdown ``` Mindanao would The Moro in Subjection havemadehisname ring throughout the country if it had been done two or three years ago, when attention was centered on hostilities in the Philippines, but Pershing's opportunity came after the novelty of the Philippines experiment had worn off and while the eyes of the world were turned another way. That does not diminish the credit of his achievement in the eyes of his official superiors, and it will not diminish his reputation when history comes to write about him. Until Pershng came on the scene the Moros had the reputation of being invincible. Spain had held the Philippines for centuries without undertaking to subdue them, and it seemed as though they might hold out against civilizing agencies for a century more. He was only a captain, graduated at West Point in 1886, and he had a small force at his command, but he fought his way through the wilderness of the island, beating back the savage band that opposed his progress and then having whipped everything in sight he set to work to win the natives over to the idea of American sovereignty. He learned their language, he studied the Koran, and he made repeated expeditions through the island telling about the wonders of America, impressing the natives with a sense of the power of the United States and inspiring them with a hope that something of all these stories was coming to them. They called him "Datto Pershing," and looked up to him with reverence. "Datto Pershing" is on leave now for the first time in years, but he won't talk about what he has done. Cabin John Bridge. Eight miles from Washington, up the Potomac in Cahin John, which not only has a history, but which is one of the most strikingly beautiful spots to be found anywhere. The place is called Cabin John because many years ago there used to be a cabin on the spot, owned and managed by a picturesque character named John where it was quite the fashion for lovers Cabin John Bridge of good eating to drive for a supper. Since then the place has had its vicissitudes, but the permanent interest of it lies in a remarkable bridge erected across the creek at a height of over a hundred feet, through which runs the acqueduct which for many years supplied the city of Washington with water. This bridge was constructed by Gen. M. C. Meigs, and is a work of engineering which is hardly surpassed anywhere. It is a monument to the skill of the engineers of the United States army. Although it was finished 44 years ago, it remains to-day the greatest stone arch in the world, and such it is likely to remain, for stone construction has now given place to steel and it is not probable that any other stone arch will ever spring into existence to compete. The bridge was begun when Jefferson Davis was secretary of war in the administration of Franklin Pierce. It was completed ten years later, just at the beginning of Abraham Lincoln's administration, when Simon Cameron was secretary of war. A tablet was affixed to the side, high up, commemorating these facts, but a few weeks after it was put in place Davis became president of the Confederacy and his name by order of Stanton was chiseled out. The mutilated tablet still remains. One Great Advantage. A loafer is never interrupted.—Washington (In.) Democrat. The proverbial Virginia hospitality is again in evidence. That state has a new game law this year, of which one feature is a non-resident license exaction. As a first adopted, all non-residents other than non-resident children of resident landowners, were required to take out a license, but the spirit of hospitality which is linked with the name of Virginia recolled from this. From a time beyond which the mind of man runneth not to the contrary, it has been a fashion with Virginians to invite their friends from other states to visit them for shooting, and it was perceived that the new law would put an end to this pleasant custom. A modification was thereupon demanded and granted, says Forest and Stream. As it now stands, the non-resident law expressly exempts the visitor, the text reading that the non-resident guest of a resident landowner shall be allowed to hunt on the lands of his host, as though he were a resident of the state, when accompanied by the host or a member of his family, and provided that the host receives no compensation from the guest. This is excellent in so far as Virginia hospitality is concerned; but we fail to appreciate the logic which finds it reasonable to tax one sportsman who is obliged to pay board in Virginia, while exempting him who is so fortunate as to have friends there who may entertain him. HEROIC SELF-SACRIFICE Conspicuous Instance That Came Under the Observation of a Navy Officer. "Speaking of heroism," said a navy officer at his club a few evenings ago, reports the New York Tribune, "it is rare that such an example is seen as that of an old associate at the naval academy, Hynson, who was a passed midshipman at Vera Cruz, in 1846. It was really more than a bit of heroism; it was fortitude, passive courage, that confronted a peculiar danger, a self-sacrifice that was most conspicuous. "Our fleet was off the harbor on blockade duty when one day a Spanish merchant vessel managed to slip in without being discovered. Hynson conceived the idea of capturing the vessel by a night attack, and he succeeded in doing so. But as he could not take the vessel out of the harbor, for the reason that she was under the close range of the enemy's guns and forts, Hyson set fire to the vessel. In doing so he burned both his arms so badly that he carried them in slings for several days. While in this disabled condition a terrific squall came up and played havoc with several of our little vessels, and the one on which Hynson was serving was capsized. Hynson and one of the other officers managed to get hold on a floating spar, but as it was not sufficient to keep them both afloat, Hynson let go his hold, and in a few moments sank to his death." BREECH-LOADERS ARE OLD. Bronze Cannon of That Make Were in Use in Spain Some Centuries Ago. That there is very little new under the sun has once more been proved at Tobermory bay, Mull, says a London paper, where Capt. Burns, of Glasgow, has, with the permission of the duke of Argyll, been searching for the relics of the Admiral of Florence, one of the vessels of the Spanish Armada, known to have been blown up in 1588 in that faraway water. With the aid of an old chart the diver went down into 12 fathoms and came across a bronze breech-loading cannon four and one-half feet long, eight inches in diameter at the breech and bearing the date 1563. The divers also discovered a pistol heavily incrusted with lime, a sword blade and a kedge anchor. Breech loading in artillery and small arms is popularly supposed to be an invention of the middle of last century, but such is by no means the case. In a Dublin gunsmith's shop at Cork Hill is a breech-loading rifle, which was offered to the British war office at the close of the eighteenth century and rejected, as it was considered to need too much ammunition. Unfooling French Reporter Immediately after the assassination of King Alexander of Servia—in fact, on the very next day—a French reporter went to the residence of the dead king's mother, Queen Natalie, and asked to interview her. An attendant was sure that she could not be seen, but out of courtesy took the Insistent message to the bereaved woman. In a moment the answer was brought back: "The queen pities anyone who could try to force his presence upon her at a moment such as this." The official designation of the head of the hierarchy of the Catholic church is as follows: His holiness, the pope, bishop of Rome and vicar of Jesus Christ, successor of St. Peter, prince of the apostles; supreme pontiff of the universal church, patriarch of the west, primate of Italy, archbishop and metropolitan of the Roman province, sovereign of the temporal dominions of the holy Roman church. Hosted Clothing. Clothing heated by electricity will be worn by the duke of Abruzzi during his next polar excursion. The heat will pass through a network of asbestos-covered wire arranged in the lining of his apparel. His bedding will be warmed in the same way. Sensitive Instrument. The electronometer is so acutely sensitive that it will detect in one minute an amount of matter which must accumulate for 2,000,000 years before there is enough of it to affect the most sensitive chemical balance. FRACTION OF TIME LOST. Scientists Are Making an Expensive Search for Missing Sixteenth of a Second. A sixteenth of a second is missing, and despite the work of scores of learned scientists no one can tell where it has gone. A search for this minute fraction of time that is costing hundreds of thousands of dollars is under way, and it will be continued till the lost is found, for its recovery is of world-wide importance, states the New York World. If one grain of sand on the shore of the ocean were lost and scientists were to spend years in trying to find it, their search would seem to be little more hopeless and unimportant than this task, upon which the leading astronomers of England and France are now working. The sixteenth of a second is missing between the sun's time as recorded at Greenwich and as understood in Paris. The failure to discover the discrepancy in observations may change the nationality of thousands of people. Longitude is calculated on the basis of Greenwich time. The boundaries of countries are determined by the calculations at this famous observatory. If the Paris calculations and not the Greenwich observations are found correct, boundaries may be moved miles. No expense is being spared to trace the missing fraction. A special building has been erected at Paris, costly instruments installed, a corps of skilled mathematicians engaged and a process that may take years to complete has been commenced. MASSAGE BY THE BLIND. London Institution to Open New Occupation for Which They Are Peculiarly Adapted. There is to be a very new field of work opened for the blind by the London Institute for Massage by the Blind, which is about to be started under a committee that includes many representative medical men. It is not an experiment. It has proved that the blind can become expert in the practice of massage, which in Japan is commonly recognized as their work, reports the Philadelphia Press. The occupations open to the blind are few and rarely remunerative. The difficulty is one of the gravest obstacles to the improvement of the condition of this afflicted class. There are already several blind masseurs in that country. Some £500 is needed, and central rooms are then to be secured under a hospital matron. Blind students must obtain first-class medical certificates in an art which is daily more used, especially by surgeons in sprains and bruises, and masseuses will be allowed to treat only women and children and masseurs only men. The whole scheme needs only to be mentioned to be approved. It is also worthy of note that the blind are usually endowed with a sense of touch exceptionally fine, so that here, and perhaps here alone, is a field in which they may surpass their seeing brothers, massage being dependent for its success upon the nicety of its application, dependent in its turn on the nicety of the operator's tactile sense. CHEESES OF ALL COUNTRIES. Some Familiar Kinds That Have Become Well Liked in the United States. Each country has its favorite cheese. The Swiss make the gruyere cheese. It is made of goats' milk, and is full of holes, caused by the gases in fermentation. The typical English cheese is the cheddar, first made in the English town after which it is named. Brie is a popular French soft cheese; and camembert, originating in Normandy, is another. These cheeses are cured in caves, where the temperature never rises above 12 to 14 degrees. Roquefort, a celebrated French cheese, is made from the mingled milk of goats and sheep that browse on the thyme-clad banks of the Arno. These cheeses are also ripened in caves, but the temperature is kept at 40 degrees. Akin to the roquefort cheese is that called gorgonzola, made in Italy after similar processes. It is milder than roquefort, and not quite so good; but it sold much cheaper. Another Italian cheese, the parmesan, is very hard, and is usually grated. Limburger cheese, so beloved by the Germans, originated in Belgium. It is extraordinarily rich, being allowed to ripen by putrefaction, hence its horrifying odor to unaccustomed nostrils. Some persons have a saying: "Gorgonzola is a cheese to swear by, limburger to swear at!" Name Famine in Denmark The Copenhagen correspondent of the Berliner Tageblatt has sent his paper an interesting article on the "name famine" in Denmark. In no nation, he says, is the choice of the family name so limited. It very often happens that four persons unknown to each other sit down to a game of whist, and later present themselves, respectively, as Hansen. He proves this statement by quoting Dr. Krak, the compiler and publisher of the Copenhagen Wegweiser, the largest Danish street directory. According to Dr. Krak, out of a population of 500,000 in the Danish capital, 42 per cent. end their names with "sen." Some 50,000 are named Hansen, which is used by the largest number of persons. Queer Underclothes. Eskimo women wear the most curious kind of underclothing, its peculiarity being that it is made of the skins of birds. These skins before being sewed are chewed well by the women in order to make them soft. About a hundred skins are required to make a shirt, and the labor of chewing the skins which form their garments is quite enough to account for the massive, well-developed jaws of Eskimo women. SENTIMENTAL JEWELRY. Dearest" Pendant and "Good Luck" Bangle Are in Astonishing Demand Just New. Sentimental jewelry is in vogue just now, or perhaps it would be more correct to say that sentiment is finding expression in the productions of the jewelers and goldsmiths to a greater degree at the present time than for some seasons past. Witness the popularity of the heart-shaped bangle, and pendant, the fancy for the miniature adorned brooch, and various ornaments and trinkets introducing the true love knot or some similar sentimental device. Now comes a new claimant for consideration, and from an English source, namely, the "Dearest" pendant reproduced here. The significance of the sentimental designation is found in the gems that embellish the ornament, the initials of which spell the word "dearest." The stones used are diamond, emerald, amethyst, ruby, sapphire and topaz, the emerald appearing twice. A brooch on the same order is also to be had and likewise a ring, with cluster stone S T E D A E R A "DEAREST" PENDANT. settings. The most recent "Dearest" production is a padlock bracelet formed of gold links; at reghlar intervals the gold chain is separated by seven small gold hearts and in the center of each heart flashes one of the gems included in the "dearest" group. Anything more sentimental in the jewelry line would be hard to find. Those to whom the dearest combination does not appeal may find an opportunity for reveling in sentiment in a bracelet and doubtless also in pendant and brooch, with the word "remembrance" spelt out in jewels. Or some particular Christian name may be indicated. Less frankly sentimental and yet belonging to this special group in jewellery is a novelty known as the "good luck" bengel, with a beautifully enameled shamrock as the distinctive feature. A chain composed of shamrocks, lady birds and pearls in alternating sequence is the accompaniment of this bangle when worn as a neck ornament. Brooklyn Eagle. SOME BOUDOIR DON'TS. Simple Things for the Complexion Which Are Worth Knowing and Putting in Practice. Don't be afraid of sunshine. Curative powers are in the chemical rays of the sun, and they rejuvenate. Don't think of the complexion only and fear tan and freckles; they can be removed. The sun is one of the most efficient of all surgical methods in the treatment of morbid growths as warts, moles and all parasitical skin diseases. Don't use borax and rose water to remove tan and freckles without putting on a little cold cream afterward, for borax makes the skin dry. Don't use cold water when giving the face a cosmetic scrub. Warm water, followed by a dash of cold water, is better. Don't despise the humble lemon. With the juice of a lemon and the beaten white of an egg, milady, brush in hand, may touch up her freckles in the seclusion of her boudoir and no one be the wiser. Don't forget that vinegar will eradicate yellow stains from the face. Bathe the bruise at once with vinegar and discoloration will be prevented. Don't have a shiny nose and forehead because it is warm weather. Use a little cologne or spirits of camphor in the water when bathing the face. Don't wash your face in cold water the moment you reach a washstand if you have been traveling. Remove traces of dust and smoke with cold cream, and wipe off with a soft towel. Don't expect to cure an eruption on the face by an external application only. A hot foot bath containing washing soda will often cure this trouble. Don't use tincture of benzoin on the face unless the skin is dry. It is detrimental to an oily one. This is an instance of a preparation excellent in itself but not suited to every complexion.—Chicago Record-Herald. Value of Pennyroyal Oil. "Bits of raw cotton or wadding saturated with the oil of pennyroyal, and placed in corners or closet shelves and in boxes, will drive away several kinds of objectionable insects, cockroaches, ants, etc.," said an entomologist of the agricultural department to a Washington Star man: "Placed in a saucer in the window it will help to drive away the flies. I have been told that it does so completely. Saturated pads of the pennyroyal placed between the mattress and around the bed will drive away the plague not given in the list of those with which Egypt was scourged for her sins. For this dreadful pest another excellent preventive and cure is an application to infested places of equal parts of kerosene and spirits of turpentine. Put the solution in the joints and the cracks of the bed, about the surbase and in any other place where the insects have found lodgment, and fill all cracks with hard soap that can be so treated. This is an old-fashioned and reliable remedy." THE LATEST WRINKLE. Everything in the Way of Gifts Has Reference to the Recipient's Birth Month. Many a girl is busy nowadays decorating her room, her personal belongings and herself with the flowers, gems and colors which have reference to her birth month, and in making presents to her friends she gives them also the same significance. For the last few years there has been an increasing attempt to make gifts which recognize in some way the recipient's pet fads. As this is an athletic age, all sorts and kinds of things have been made having reference to golf, tennis, bicycling, riding and driving. Now the fad is to utilize the symbols of the birth month. For herself the girl uses chiefly the flowers for the month in which she was born. These she cultivates, if she has a garden, and wears. She decorates her room with them in draperies, bed covers, upholstery for reed or willow furniture and hangings for her windows. There are so many pretty things in floral designs that every purse finds something desirable within reach. The girl even embroiders her handkerchiefs and lingerie with her flower, though it must be said that she does not put much work into the latter unless it is for a trousseau. In this outdoor age she cares more for sports than for needlework, and she can buy her underwear for less than she can make it. Here are the three chief emblems for the several months—gems, flowers and astral colors: January—White onyx, snowdrop, brown, silver-gray and black. February—Amethyst, primrose, pink, blue and Nile green. March—Bloodstone, violets, white, pink, emerald and black. April—Diamond, daisy, white and rose. May—Emerald, hawthorn, red and lemon yellow July—Ruby, water lily, green and russet brown. August—Moonstone, poppy, red and green. September—Sapphire, morning glory. gold and black with blue dots. October—Opal, hops, black, crimson and light blue. November—Topaz, chrysanthemum golden brown and black. December—Turquoise, holly, gold and brown. There are gorgeous things in the way of birthday pillows ready made or ready stamped at a low price to make up in birthday designs. These have not only the appropriate colors, flowers and jewels, but the signs of the zodiac for the month. The birth month colors or flowers are also put into picture frames, handkerchief and tie or veil cases, cushions and bureau covers. The imitation jewels can be bought to sew on. Birthday spoons with the appropriate flowers can be found, some with the gems set in, and rings with both flowers and gems. For the children there are pencils and pen holders set with imitation birth stones.—Washington Star. BAY TREE AND TUB. Hints for Housekeepers Who Are Interested in Outside Ornamentation of Their Homes. Why is it that the square tub is not more often used for such subjects as bay and orange trees? The use of these plants for outside ornamentation of residences has greatly increased of recent years, and there is every indica- SQUARE TUB IS THE THING. tion that the demand will become greater yet. The bay tres are imported from European nurseries and come across in round tubes, in which they remain, merely getting a coat of paint. Of course, there is the decided advantage of ease in handling that goes with the round tub, and it will, therefore, endure undoubtedly, says American Gardening. But as a matter of harmony and balance a square tub is greatly to be preferred. At its very best the bay tree is very formal, and its true use lies in conjunction with buildings of a formal character. This is especially the case with standards. In conjunction with the straight lines of the buildings and their appurtenances, such as piazzas, etc., the square tub fits the picture better than the round one and serves to accentuate the more the round head of the tree itself. In the square tub the tree top has a distinct character of its own which stands out prominently.—Cincinnati Commercial Tribune. For burns use a dressing of saturated soda or equal parts of linseed oil and lime water, vaseline, sweet oil, butter any bland oil—but on no account glycerin, which is irritating. Salt Bath for the Eyes. Never neglect to bathe the eyes occasionally in salt water. A weak solution is best. Miss Virginia Seward, Memphis, Tenn., is visiting her aunt, Mrs. Turner, 364 27th street. Mrs. E. F. Early, 2933 State St. apent sometime lately in Springfield, Ill., and St. Louis, Mo., and she had a delightful time in visiting friends in those two cities. William H. Weber, James J. Gray, A. W. Miller and Jackson Gordon, of the Board of Assessors of Cook County, have again resumed their labors after their pleasant tour through the east. J. H. Bradshaw, auditor Chicago Chronicle is one of the most polished news paper men in Chicago and at all times Mr. Bradshaw is ever ready to extend courtiises to the members of the craft. The saloon keepers in the "Red Light District" estimate that they will have a rush of business during the session of the General A. M. E. Conference which will be held in Quinn Chapel in 1904. Stephen A. Douglas, 125 La. Salle street, the able and well-known lawyer, has many warm admirers who would be more than delighted to see him nominated as one of the Judges of the Superior Court in 1904. Miss Louise Smallwood, Washington, D. C., who has been the honored guest of Dr. and Mrs. George C. Hall and Mrs. Mary Williams, Baltimore, Md., left for their respective homes the first of the week. Coh A. D. Gash, who is one of the best and leading lawyers of Chicago, will make the fight for the re-instatement of John W. Gildea, as chief janitor of the city hall, before the civil service commission. Some of the pliant tools or willing slaves belonging to Rev. Archibald James Carey, who are ever ready to defend the bad acts of immoral preachers, now claim the reason that "Rev. Archibald stumbled around the streets of Milwaukee without his hat was that he had been doped while drinking wine with some of the fast sisters." Frank W. King, who is one of the highest and leading Masons in Chicago, has engaged in the undertaking business with Wm. M. Porter, Jr., at 3119 State street, and hereafter the firm will be known as Porter & King. Both members of this new Udertaking firm are hustlers, and very popular, and they are bound to get their share of business. The man who panders to the whims of others for pecuniary consideration, at a sacrifice of principles will never make a great leader, or a moulder of sentiments. There can not be any mixture of right and wrong. They have no affinity for each other and are eternal enemies. There is no equilibrium between them. Right will prevail in the end, it is indestructible and needs no defense.—The Christian Index. In the beginning God created the heaven and earth, then the editor, then the liberal advertiser—which was good. The next day it snowed and he created the man who does not believe in advertising, another who does not take the home paper—then he rested. And then the devil got at the moulding room and created the man who takes the paper several years and fails to pay for it. After he had completed that sorry job, having a few lumps left, he created the excuse of a man who settles his subscription by informing the postmaster to mark his paper "refused." You find willing slaves and hypocrites in every organization. They it is who make hell on earth a reality. Oh, you people who wish to help bring peace on earth, dare to think for yourselves; then do your duty by word and deed; show the people the way to real freedom lies in having a will of their own and making good use of it. When the truth is taught to the young, poverty and all hell conditions will be done away with, and heaven will be found right here. False teachings is what keeps us in hell here, and no one knows where such teachings will land us. A white man of Charlotte, N. C., name Will Reedy, was sentenced last week to five years on the chain gang for being guilty of the crime of incest with his 14 year old daughter. While it raised intense indignation, he was not lynched doubtless because a lynching has never occurred in Mecklenburg county. A crime like this places a criminal on the level with a brute, and, the penalty should be hanging by the law. This crime is not sent by the associated press with a flourish of trumpets over the country. Why? It is because the convict is white, and Tillman, Graves & Company might fly into a rage and demand that he be lynched Ex. Rev. Archibald James Carey's liver does not seem to work very well since he returned to the city from his rip roaring trip to Milwaukee, Wis., for during class meeting last Friday night Rev. Archibald got his Ga. blood heated up while disputing with some of his dupes as to the amount of class dues which they owed and he then and there called Brother Hunter, who resides at 17th street and State street "a block head" and a few minutes later it looked as though Brother Hunter and one or two sisters would climb Rev. Archibald, who pulled in his horns after he had received $31 to run his table for one week. Henry Carr, an Afro-American who had been running a store for several years in Alexandria, La., was recently given fifty lashes on his bare back with a rawhide by the leading white citizens of that town, then they ordered him to leave, not only the place where his store was located but also to leave the state. It appears that J. C. Mosley, a white Christian gentleman, had insulted Mrs. Carr and at the point of a gun Henry Carr made Mosely apologize to her. That was too much for Mosley's friends so they decided to whip and drive Carr from La., for protecting his wife. This incident shows that respectable colored women in the south have no rights which white loafers or scoundrels who pass for gentlemen are bound to respect. Rev. Abraham Lincoln Murray let it be known from his pulpit Sunday night "that Bethel Church started out to make money out of its picnic, which it gave at Mill Creek. That it needed the money and got it. That it cleared more than four hundred and fifty dollars. That Bethel does not thank any one for shedding tears for it simply because there was whisky or beer drinking, crap-shooting, cussing and fighting on the part of those who attended the picnic. That all they wanted was the money and they got it." At that point several of his wash women shouted "Amen!" "Amen!" then everybody stood up on their hind legs and thanked their God for permitting the gamblers, prize fighters or sluggers and the sporting women to mingle with them at Mill Creek, for that kind act on the part of their God enabled old Bethel to pull in much blood money. Mr. and Mrs. Chas. Smith, 4764 Dearborn street, celebrated their 7th wedding anniversary Tuesday eve, Sept. 1st, 1903. The guests were received in the reception hall, in a bower of beautifully arranged palms and ferns. The parlor was artistically decorated in green and white. The dining hall was decorated in red and green. American beauties were very profuse. The table cover was of heavy Battenburg lace over a beautiful design. Refreshments in red and green were served by Caterer Johnson and the Crescent/ Orchestra rendered beautiful selections while entirely obscured from the guests behind a bank of palms. Among the guests present were Mr. and Mrs. P. D.Vancycle, Mr. and Mrs. E. Simpson, Mr. and Mrs. S. A. Taylor, Mrs. R. B. Jones, Mrs. J. Thompson, Mrs. L. Boswell, Mrs. Marvine, Mrs. R. Redick of St. Louis, Mrs. M. Whitted, Mrs. G. Moon, Mr. and Mrs. D. Jenkins, Mr. F. Boyd and Mr. Wm. Nelson. MRS. A. WILSON. Nicely furnished rooms to rent for gentlemen. Reasonable rates, 2252 Indiana aveuna. A. D. GASH Attorney at Law, 84-86 La Salle Street, Chicago. Suits 615 to 619. Telephone Main 3077. FREDERICK W. JOB ATTORNEY AT LAW BROKERETTE BUILDING Telephone 2100 Central CHICAGO TELEPHONE MAIN 2804 FEDERICO M. BARRIOS Attorney & Counsellor at Law Suite 501 Firmentch Bldg. N. E. Cor. Fifth Avenue and Washington Street Chicago. LAWRENCE A. NEWBY ATTORNEY AT LAW Room 42, 119 La Salle Street CHICAGO William Howard Fitzgerald LAWYER Room 402 Reeper Black. - CHICAGO PHONES {Office, Main 1157 Rex. Brown 42 STEPHEN A. DOUGLAS LAWYER Suite 200, 123 125 La Salle Street CHICAGO Telephone Yard WI Residence, 118 Garfield Rd. JOHN FITZGERALD JUSTICE OF THE PEACE 4707 S. HALSTED STREET, ....CHICAGO J. GRAY LUCAS ATTORNEY-AT-LAW Suite 412 Real Estate Board Bldg 59 Dearborn St. Cor. Bandolph CHICAGO. J. J. HENNESSY, Justice of the Peace, 6301 S. Halsted S WILLIAM TREXLER, CLERK. TELEPHONE WENTWORTH 4403. Police Magistrate Englewood Police Court. Notary Public. 5072 Central. EDWARD G. ALEXANDER, ATTORNEY AT LAW. Suite 510, 130 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO. Robert M. Mitchell Attorney at Law Suite 9, No. 77 South Clark St. CHICAGO WILLIAM RITCHIE ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR. Suite 818-400 Oxford Building 84 LA SALLE ST., CHICAGO Telephone Main 1646. J. E. JONES LAWYER 79 Clark Street Room 9 Chicago S. A. McELWEE ...LAWYER... 36 S. Clark St., CHICAGO. Room 708 Ogden Building Residence, 8183 Forest Av. ALBERT B. GEORGE LAWYER. 423 Ashland Block, Chicago. Fifty-First St. and Armour Ave. RAIL YARDS: 1st St. & I. S. & M. S.Ry. 5and St. and Armour Ave. CHICAGO Phoenix Oil & Mineral Co. OF ARIZONA $200,000 CAPITAL Pays dividends 1 per cent. monthly or 12 per cent per annum. Stock now selling at 10c per share, full paid and non-assessable. For further particular address THE DAVIES INVESTMENT COMPANY 614 First National Bank Bldg., Chicago 'Phone Central 3026. Free Massage, Shampooing, Scalp Treating Mrs. Warner Chiropodist and Manicuring Removes Corns Without Pain Medicated Foot Baths and Foot Massage 138 State St, 4th Floor, Chicago Telephone Blue 4632 Work Called for and Delivered... A. HOFFMAN, CLEANER, DYER AND PRESSER. Suits Sponged and Pressed 55c 5125 State St. Expert Workmanship Moderate Prices. NOTARY PUBLIC. Office Phone, M. 751 Residence Phone, Blue 5385. W. G. ANDERSON, ATTORNEY AT LAW. J.Q.GRANT&CO. Collections, Loans and Insurance SUITE 61,119 LA SALLE Residence, 3232 Wabash Avenue, CHICAGO. WONDERFUL DISCOVERY Curly Hair Made Straight By TAKEN FROM LIFE: BEFORE AND AFTER TREATMENT. ORIGINAL OZONIZED OX MARROW (Copyrighted.) This wonderful hair pomade is the only safe preparation in the world that makes kinky or curly hair straight as shown above. It is nourishes the scalp, prevents the hair from falling out or breaking off, cures dandruff and makes the hair grow long and alky. Sold over forty years and used by thousands. Warranted by the manufacturer, preparation even sold for straightening kinky hair. Because of imitations. Get the Original Ozonized Ox Marrow as the genuine never falls to keep the hair straight, soft and beautiful, giving it that healthy, life-like appearance so much desired. A toilet necessity for ladies, gentlemen and children. Elegantly perfumed. Owing to its superior and lasting qualities it is the best and most economical. It is not previously produced and produce a preparation equal to in. Full direction with a new bottle. Only 50 cents. Sold by drugrists and dealers or send us 50 cents for one bottle or $1.40 for three bottles. We pay all express charges. Send postal or express money order. Please mention name of this paper when ordering. Write your name and address plainly to. OZONIZED OX MARROW CO., 76 Wabash Ave., Chicago, Illinois. Wisdom Comes by Reading. Stop! Don't worry your friends and neighbors about what happens and what will take place in the future. Read good books and papers and learn for yourself it is a wise thing to do. You can find the best WEEKLY JOURNALS and MAGAZINES from all parts of the United States at the famous Afro-American News Office, 3104 State street. You can find each month the Colored American Magazine from Boston, Mass.; the Colored Home Journal from Pittsburg, Pa., and a full line of stationary, including assortment of choice cigars and tobacco. Call and see our display of race journals and library pamphets that are edited by the race. If you don't find what you want, leave your order for it. We are reliable and the only place of this kind. Remember the name and place—the Afro-American News Office, 3104 State stret. Fifty cents for two copies of The Broad Ax. In order to complete our files to date, we will cheerfully pay twenty-five cents each for two copies of The Broad Ax, dated December 29, 1900 and July 13, 1901. The papers must be in good condition and the money will be forwarded for the same upon receipt of them. ```markdown ``` ILLINOIS BRICK CO. WILLIAM C. KUESTER. SUPERINTENDENT. N. Western Ave., Ch 1994 N. Western Ave., Chicago. Telephone Lake View 270. HENADEL BR HOHENADEL BROS. 211-213 Madison Street CHICAGO Telephone Main 3200 manufacturers of ... UNIFORM CAPS Pollcomen, Firemen, Litter Carriers, Elevatormen, Janitors, Wagonmen, Street Car Employees, Telegraph Messengers, Railroad Employes, Bellboys, Watchmen, Bta JACOB FEINBERG John J. Bradley Real Estate, Insurance and Loans Property managed. Abstracts examined. Renting. Legal papers prepared. 4709 South Halsted Street Chicago LADIES' FINE CLOTHING OF ALL KINDS Fancy Summer Dresses and Silk Waists GENTS' SUITS AND OVERCOATS EASY TERMS MAIL ORDERS PROMPTLY FILLED Private Sales Room 3149 State St. Second Floor OPEN EVENINGS F. W. BOYD DEALER IN COAL, WOOD AND ICE MOVING AND EXPRESSING All Orders Promptly Attended to Cash on Delivery Telephone Blue 28g 4656 Armour Avenue, CHICAGO. Junk's Brewery M. JUNK, Proprietor JOS. P. JUNK, Manager 3700-3710 South Halsted Street and 897 to 929 Thirtyseventh Street CHICAGO American Brick Co. President and Treasurer, THOMAS CAREY. Vice-President, JOHN SHELHAMER, Secretary, WILLIAM SULLIVAN. MANUFACTURERS OF Common and Sewer Brick Office and Yards: 45th and Robey Sts. Yards running winter and summer, equipped with the latest improved Wolf Dryer. Output of Winter Yards ..... 140,000 per day Output of Summer Yards..... 300,000 per day Telephone Yards 128. Mason and General Contractor