The Broad Ax

INDUSTRIALISM AS A PANACEA Vol. IX Some weeks ago we printed an account of the successful boycott the Colored people of Houston, Texas, were making on the street cars when the city council passed an ordinance compelling Colored people to ride in the car back of a screen partition. They formed hack lines which carried passengers for five cents and the street car lines lost practically all their Colored patronage. Now comes the council of Houston and threatens to pass an ordinance requiring hackmen to give a $500 bond before they can do business. This is done to compel, if possible the self-respecting Colored people of the city to ride in the Jim Crow cars. Ye Gods, what next! This is a sample of the sentiment of southern white communities toward the Negro. It is also an example of what it means for any class of citizens to be without the franchise under our system of government. The Jim Crow car business is a question of law. Those who have the ballot can establish these cars and no power but that of choosing the legislators of a city or of a state can change them. This case shows that even escape by establishing bus lines can be taken away by those who have the ballot. It is said that the Negroes could build a street railway of their own. This can be prevented by city councils, as by refusing a charter or location. There is no escape from this most galling humiliation, therefore, except by means of a free ballot. We should like to commend the situation at Houston to the honest consideration of Mr. Andrew Carnegie, who says, "My knowledge of the question leads me to the opinion that no political measure can ever save or benefit the Negro. The Hampton Institute shows the only useful solution". How will Hampton, Tuskegee or industrial education meet this case? How will it give any relief here? Let Mr. R. C. Ogden, president of the Hampton Trustee Board, the man who opposed the Union League Club or New Yorks resolutions, answer. Let Lyman Abbott, W. H. Baldwin of Tuskegee Institute answer. Let the principal of Tuskegee, who said, "Don't complain. Buy the roads," answer. For it matters not who owns the railway the city ordinances must be obeyed. And if the city council says "screen off your cars," black street railway magnates must obey or go to jail the same as white ones. The law making body is supreme. There is no cure therefore without the ballot. But perhaps Carnegie, Baldwin, Abbott, Ogden mean that the Jim Crow car is not a factor in the problem. We believe that Mr. Baldwin of Tuskegee once said that the "distinctions of Color in the South were right and proper." Did he mean the Jim Crow car? Presumably so. Mr. Carnegie, you know is interested in the Negro because there are "9,000,000 of them peaceable, tractible and willing to work." Presumably, since he does not think that being good laborers entitles Negroes to the ballot, he much less considers cottonpickers entitled to equal car accommodations. As for the Tuskegeean himself, forsooth, did he not tell the white folks in Boston, Brookline, all down through New York and New Jersey that the "Negro must learn that fundamentally it was not so important whether he had to ride :n a Jim Crow car as whether there was in the inferior car a superior man not a beast?" Surely he does not regard the Jim Crow car as a factor in the "problem" since Negroes should not "mind" it. That is to say ordinary Colored people should not, the "common niggers" as the working class of Colored people call themselves in the South. We learn, however, that Dr. Booker T. Washington is all "worked up" about the proposed exclusion of Colored people from Southern Pullman cars. We hear that he is "worried to death." We hear also that Mr. Tuskegee Baldwin is decidedly "hot under the collar" about it, too. That he defies the roads to exclude Dr. Washington from a Pullman and that he will back up this defl with his ducats, one, ten or a hundred thousand strong. My, what a difference it makes when the pinching shoe is on your foot, when you have to swallow the medicine! We sincerely hope for the sake of the feelings, comfort and self-respect of thousands of honest, manly Colored men and women that the exclusion of persons from Pullman cars on account of their being Colored will be prevented some way or other. We stand ready to do all in our power to fight down this discrimination. We say this because we are against Jim Crow cars of all kinds. We regard them as an insult, an injustice, a humiliation, an outrage. But we don't know as we "mind" letting Booker try his remedy of buying the roads. With the Pullman it would work because they are not subject to Southern state laws. We should like to see him try to sit in a Jim Crow car and try the trick of "being a man, not a beast." The heartless and snobbish purveyor of Pharasaical moral clap-trap was willing enough that poor Colored people, the laboring class should put up with Jim Crow cars. He had no sympathy with men who did not wish to ride in cars where drunken white men crowded in, or with hard working Colored women who objected to profanity, dirt and filth. But how will he feel when he has to sit in a car into which Negro convicts are filed or have his wife ride in a car where the whisky bottle is passed around her head? But the rest of us should learn not to "mind" it!—The Guardian, Boston, Mass. A Wonderful Fact! Glorious Equality! All over this nation, in every town, state and at every capitol are a class of our citizens who do no work, but do much talking and who fix their own pay calling it salary, fees, commission, interest, perquisites. They do no good, but it would seem that they do much harm. And they are certainly granting to themselves more and more. All over the country everywhere are a few million persons who do hard necessary toil. Their labor is life to us all. Were they to quit work for a short time all of us must perish. They do not fix their own reward called wages, but their pay is fixed by others. And the wealth made by their labor is the source whence the others get all their fees, salaries, interest, etc. See how it mounts up. The last Congress that has just adjourned spent almost three billion dollars. That is just about forty dollars for every soul in the nation—from the first born babe to the aged great-grand-father sliding into the only few few feet of earth that is his. The Knight Templars Charity Ball. Monday evening the Knight Templars gave their sixth annual charity ball at the Coliseum Annex and in every way it was a very creditable affair. Despite the cold and stormy weather between six and seven hundred people were present and joined in the grand march. Many of the ladies were attired in rich costumes. The music was first-class. The best of order prevailed throughout the evening and at 2 a.m., a long line of carriages was in waiting to convey the dancers to their respective homes. HEW TO THE LINE. [Image of a person] City Treasurer of Chicago, whose able him to make a successful race the County. We believe it was the Rev. W. H. Scott of Woburn, who said at a public meeting in Faneuil hall something over a year ago that history teaches that when a dominant race wants completely to capture and control another race in its midst, it seeks to choose the leaders for the weaker race. If this is true, then history is repeating itself in a marvelous fashion as regards the Colored American race. If Mr. Booker Washington is in an, sense the leader of the Colored American people, he certainly has been chosen for that position by the white American race. Everyone will admit that the Colored people never have chosen or acclaimed him leader. Even Washington's friends will admit that his start for leadership came after his Atlanta speech in 1895, and that speech was certainly not popular with the Colored race. He has been kept in a position as leader by the active work of the white race, with whom he has been extraordinarily popular, North and South. Their churches, their clubs, their pulpits, their press have boomed him, and insisted he was the leader of his race. Mr. Washington has evidently realized this, for he has always gone out of his way to say things that would suit prejudiced or race-proud white people, and he has been perfectly reckless as to the favor of his own race. In fact, at first he utterly ignored his own race, and only when told that he was valuable to the whites in so far as he induced his own people to follow his advice, did he begin to speak before them, and seek their favor, and endorsement. His sayings have been so hostile to his own race's wishes that his endeavor to get their endorsement has appeared to many to be unreasonable, in fact, a piece of effrontery. And it is no wonder that a man who talks as he does finds himself compelled to use money, and school and political patronage, threats and persecution, abetted by his white supporters in order to get Negro endorsement, or stop Negro opposition. This rule of races as to leaders was emphisized when Mr. Washington failed to drop his claims to leadership after accepting a life pension for himself and family from a prominent member of the white race. The insistence of the whites on the Negroes accepting him as leader after this was remarkable, a palpable sign that they intended to master the Colored race by means of Mr. Washington. And meantime, Mr Washington was upholding the South's devices of disfranchisement, and excusing their civil discriminations. But lo, last month the white benefactor of this claimant to Negro leadership came out openly and stated that in the past he had made it his business to go to a Republican president and to a leading Republican politician, and implore them to give up a projected plan for the securing to popularity with all classes would enis coming fall as Recorder of Cook Colored Americans the chance to vote by the National Government while speaking of the Negro's worth as a laborer, he went out of his way, not only to disapprove of, but to condemn forcibly as a wild and deplorable scheme, the Lodge Federal Election Law, the passage of which every Negro in the land had prayed for. Then he further stated as a general principle that no political measure, only industrial education of the Negroes, would help solve the race issue in the south. He does this when he can see that immediately after the defeat of the Lodge bill in 1891 and since the south has been rapidly disfranshising the Negro under organic laws, which the bill would certainly have made impossible. And now, Mr. Washington still seeks to be leader, even political boss. But the Negro will not stand any more. This is the last straw on the camel's back. They have yielded in many instances to the leadership of a man chosen by the whites, and even pensioned by one of them. But the Boston Suffrage League has started the ball a-rolling by its resolution that no Negro pensioned by Andrew Carnegie or by any other white man, who opposes our political freedom, can be other than opposed as a leader of the Negro race. Mr. Washington better heed it. President Roosevelt better heed it. The white philanthropists better heed it. The handwriting is on the wall.—The Guardian, Boston, Mass. Seven white gentlemen last Saturday night, at Petersburg, Ind., assaulted Mrs. Lafayette Dedman while she was with her husband, who were on their way to visit some friends residing in a near-by town. One of these white gentlemen, who were not pictured by the white press as brutes, held his revolver to Mr. Dedman's head until his associates had gratified their passions on Mrs. Dedman, and when they had finished he handed his revolver to one of his companions to hold until he could also assault her. This outrage upon the person of Mrs. Dedman, who is only 26 years old, was committed in the church at Fairview, but none of the highly polished gentlemen were mobbed or lynched for robbing her of her virtue, and the white newspapers simply referred to it as a slight incident, but if they had been Negroes, these same papers would have devoted many columns to relating the horrible affair, and they would have contained blood and thunder headlines, running clear across the front page of the paper; so after all it depends upon whose ox is gored. Mrs. Ida M. Bell, 3803 Dearborn Street, was in evidence at the Knight Templar's ball Monday night. She is tall and very graceful, and the numerous gentlemen who had the extreme pleasure of dancing with her experienced no difficulty in lapping their arms around her slender waist. Sir Knights Alex. Stephens, Adam Horn, and many of their associates worked very hard to make the Knight Templars' ball a grand success. Col. A. D. Gash, Oxford Building, returned to the city Tuesday from Macon, Mo., where he spent several days with his friends. Mr. and Mrs. Noah D. Thompson, 6349 l.hodes avenue, will arrive home Monday morning from their eastern trip. Let us, then, be what we are, and speak what we think, and in all things keep ourselves loyal to truth, and the sacred professions of friendship. Longfellow. Mrs. Mary B. Davis, wife of Dr. John C. Davis, who died on Wednesday, Jan. 20th, was buried last Saturday at Graceland. A host of many friends followed the remains to the grave yard. Anthony Fowler, 52nd and Grove avenue, who staggered around for several years with the lingering consumption, died last Saturday, he was buried from his late home Monday, interment at Oakwoods. Mrs. Nellie Williamson, 2806 State street, passed away Thursday morning. Mrs. Williamson was Past Grand Worthy Matron of six or seven lodges and secret societies. Her funeral services will be held at Quinn Chapel Monday morning at 10 o'clock. Mrs. Minnie Howard, 3210 State street, tumbled down stairs last week and sprained the thick part of her ankle, consequently she was unable to shake her pretty little feet at the Knight Templars' ball Monday night. Mrs. William Nelson, 5722 Dearborn street, who had resided in Chicago for more than forty-five years, died the latter part of last week. Funeral services were held over her remains at Brean Baptist Church Tuesday, and she was laid to rest in Oakwoods. Alderman John J. Brennan and his two lieutenants, Charles A. McCarle and Herbert E. Kent, were knocked out cold by Judges Brown, Honore and Brentano, and all three of them will continue to serve out their terms of imprisonment in the bridewell. Alexander F. Campbell, who has honorably served the city for many years as police inspector, has resigned his osition and he will become connected with the Chicago Underwriters' Association. He will receive five thousand dollars a year. William H. Weber, secretary of the Board of Assessors of Cook County, occupies a front seat in Col. Chas. S. Deneen's Governortorial band wagon, and Mr. Weber is positive that the handsome State's Attorney will be the next Governor of Illinois. Mrs. Lulu Williams, 2252, State, looked very lovely Monday night while attending the Knight Templar's ball. She wore a brand new black velvet skirt, a white silk waist, yoked with rich Irish lace, and a large picture hat and she bought punch for her best friends just like a man. Hon. Ross C. Hall, ex-member of the legislature of Illinois, occupies a fine suite of law offices on the fifteenth floor of the Tribune Building, and for years Mr. Hall has been a practical friend of the Afro-American race; he always gives employment to one or two members of the race at his home in Oak Park. Bro. Wilkins, of the Conservator, is always bragging about his race loyalty and all that sort of thing—how is it he always buys his whisky at Mulveil's, at the corner of 30th and State street, when the Elite and the Keystone, both run by colored men, are right in the next block.—The Illinois Idea. Mr. Wm. H. McKnight, formerly headwaiter at Pullman Building, Chicago, has succeeded John Marshall as headwaiter at the Baltimore, Kansas City, Mo., with W. M. Robinson of New York as second waiter. It is the best hotel for colored waiters in the West. Mrs. R. B. Jones, 4747 Dearborn street, and her dashing friend, Miss Morgan, late of Indianapolis, Ind., No.14. failed to show up at the Knight Templars' ball at the Coliseum Monday night. We presume they were knocked out by the snow and the cold weather. Mrs. Hattie Pitts, the fashionable modiste, 3120 Indiana avenue, was in her glory Monday evening at the Knight Templars' ball. Mrs. Pitts was dressed in black point espree over white mousiline desoie, and it was one of the finest costumes at the K. T. ball. Mrs. May Blake, Mr. and Mrs. F. W. King, Miss Blanch Turner, Mrs. Louise Webb, Dr. Beatrice Schultz, Mrs. Bowes, Jacob, L. Parks, Mrs. Geneva Smith and J. N. Blackshear, were a few of the many admirers of The Broad Ax, who took in the sights at the Knight Templars' ball Monday evening. Mayor Carter H. Harrison, Geo. Williams, Building Commissioner, and William H. Musham, Chief of the fire department, ought not to have been held over to the Cook County Grand Jury by the Coroner's Jury in connection with the loss of life by the burning of the Iroquois Theatre, and Judge Tuthill performed a wise act when he released the Mayor on habeas corpus proceedings. Mr. George A. Wilson, and Mr. George D. Duncan, of the new commission brokerage firm, have opened up offices in suite 16, Imperial building, 260 S. Clark street. These up-to-date Afro-American business men will handle first class stocks, bonds, grain, cotton and provisions, for cash or on reasonable margins. They will close their trades or transactions through the well-known house of Ernest E. Jones and Company, Rialto building. Many of the handsomest ladies who attended the Knight Templar's Grand Charity Ball at the Coliseum Monday night, complained to us "that they never did come in contact with so many short men as were present on that occasion, that they would dance them to death, then they were so short that they did not have enough money to buy them a five-cent glass of punch." Ben. Moseley, whom Judge Dunne came near sending to Jail for assisting a constable to rob a poor woman out of five hundred dollars, has many times stated while attempting to deliver political speeches in the Town of Lake, "that his chicken, shoat or watermellon-stealing record was all right down in Louisiana, but that he would not vouch for his moral conduct or his saintly character in other respects. W. P. Lundy, who has been prominent in Democratic politics in the 31st ward, and in the Town of Lake for a long time, would make a tip top county commissioner, and The Broad Ax is sure that State Senator M. J. Butler, ex-congressman John J. Feely, M. J. Doherty, M. P. Byrne, E. M. Cummings, Alderman P. J. O'Connell, and the other big fellows in the Old Town will put their shoulders to the wheel and land the nomination for him. James T. Bransfield, who is a power in Democratic politics in the Fifth ward, is an independent candidate for alderman, two or three clubs have already endorsed him. He will make his fight on the "elevation" of the Alton and Panhandle tracks and the extention of the Western avenue electric line from 26th street south, and the chances are that after April 1st James T. Bransfield will become a member of the new city council. Mrs. Perry Bates, 5224 Dearborn street, and her friend, Mrs. Welch, of Los Angeles, California, were at the Knight Templars' ball Monday evening. Mrs. Bates looked very girlish in her deep cardinal red dress and broad rimmed red hat, which was cocked up on the side. A diamond brooch, was the only ornaments worn by her. Mrs. Welch was dressed up in an expensive hand made, heavy black lace gown, made over light cream colored silk. She wore a large light colored picture hat, and she was the loveliest looking widow at the ball. Will promulgate and at all times uphold the tran principle of Democracy, but Catholics, Protestants, Priests, Infidels, Farmers, Single Taxes, Republicans, Knights of Labor, or any one else can have their any, so long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. THE BROAD AX 6040 Armour Avenue, Chicago. JULIUS F. TAYLOR, Editor and Publisher. Entered at the Post Office at Chicago Ill., as Second-class Matter. UNIQUE WAR RECORD OF DOG. Once Owned by Botha and Followed Irish Troops in Boer War—Was Given Medal. Unusual interest centered in a case heard in the Dublin police court, in which the leading figure was a bulldog that formerly belonged to Gen. Philip Botha and went through a good portion of the South African war, says the London Telegraph. Ernest Warmington, canteen manager for the contractors, was summoned for cruelty to the animal, which has been stationed for some time past with the Royal Irish Rifles at Richmond barracks. The bulldog, which now belongs to Color Sergeant Edwards, Royal Irish Rifles, was accommodated with a seat in the witness box, from which point he seemed to take a languid interest in the proceedings. He was dressed in a coat with green facings, and wore several South African medals with clasps. The animal's record is an eventful one. During the Boer war he was captured by the Second Royal Irish Rifles, mounted infantry, from Commandant Philip Botha's farm in the Doornberg, in September 1900. FFrom that time until the end of the war he trekked with the Rifles' mounted force from Griqualand in the west to Basutoland in the east, and he still bears the scar of a wound received in action. Later he was with Gen. French's column in Cape Colony. For his services the bulldog now wears the queen's South African medal with two clasps. Mr. Drury remarked, when the case was called, that this was the most distinguished dog in the country, as he had medals. INDUSTRY ABROAD The Agricultural society, of Lombardy, has decided to found and maintain in Milan a trial station for the testing of agricultural machines. Architect Stewart, of Lucerne, has patented a new system of concrete flooring, consisting of hollow tubes and mortar and iron. It is fireproof. The annual production of coal and coke in Mexico now amounts to 1,000,000 tons, and at the present rate of increase this production will be doubled in 1905. A Paris concern intends to build blast furnaces in Chili in order to develop the iron ore deposits in the northern part of that country. A syndicate has been formed to organize a stock company, with a capital of 17,500,000 francs ($8,387,500), which will be in a position to undertake some of the iron contracts for which the Chilian government is now asking bids. From April 16 to May 31, 1904, an international exhibition of alcohol-using machines and of fermentation products will be held at Vienna. The purpose of the exhibition is to give a general idea of the present development of the alcohol industry and the various ways in which alcohol can best be used. The exhibition will also include brewing, distilling and manufacture of malt, starch and vinegar. It is officially announced that the government of Montenegro has leased its tobacco monopoly to a Venetian company, which has been formed with a capital of 1,500,000 francs ($289,000). Besides furthering the production, manufacture and export of Montenegrin tobacco and tobacco products, this company will reorganize the monopoly, building a factory, with head office in Montenegro's chief city, Podgorica, and establishing stores in Niksicz and at the port of Antivarl. Twice as Good. "I see the agent has sold yez a carpet-sweeper, Mrs. Maginnis. Is it as good as the old-fashioned broom?" "It is, an' better, Mrs. Mulduckie. I can knock Maginnis twice as far wid it."—Tit-Bits. Popular Airs. Mr. Gabler—So Mrs. Hyfly's husband comes down every week to the tune of $50 for her? Mrs. Gabler—Yes; and yet you said he didn't know one note from another.—Judge. Miss Palisade—Hasn't she? Why, I can remember when she was such a modest little thing.—Town Topics. True as Steel. "He's absolutely loyal to the organization, isn't he?" "Absolutely. Why, he'd follow the organization even if it was in favor of decent government."—Judge. A Character Study. "Brilliant and impulsive people," said a lecturer on physiognomy, "have black eyes, or if they don't have them they are apt to get them. If they're too impulsive."—W.K. Bits - GET SEASICK IN A HOUSE. Peculiar Effect of Attempts to Walk in Storm-Baten Buildings—Floors Were Solid, Too. At a recent meeting of the Women's Literary club of Baltimore Mra. Charles C. Morgan read a paper in which she cited a peculiar but well-authenticated fact concerning some storm-beaten houses on Cobb's island, off the eastern coast of Virginia. The houses were eventually washed away by the encroachments of the sea, but for a long time they were firmly imbedded in the sand at such an angle that the wanderer could walk in the second story windows from the bluff, while the floors all slanted at an acute degree. There was not the slightest danger attendant upon walking up or down these floors, yet no one was ever found who could traverse their length without becoming seasick. Experienced sailors, who knew no qualms in midocean, turned faint and giddy on trying to walk these perfectly steady planks. To all the neighborhood the buildings were known as the "seasick houses," and that the seasickness was not due to imagination was proved by persons who never had heard of the tradition experiencing the same unpleasant results. Mrs. Morgan, who resided on the mainland near by, concluded her account of the houses by saying that a small dog belonging to her husband which followed that gentleman "foot to foot," as the negroes term it, never could be induced to follow his master across the mysterious thresholds, be the command ever so peremptory or the inducement ever so strong. MRS. PYMACHER'S PIE. Here's an Idyll of the New York Stock Exchange — Speculators Appreciated Toothsome Dainty. Pymacher was a telegrapher employed by the stock exchange firm in which John W. Gates is a special partner, says Everybody's Magazine. Pymacher brought for his lunch a noble pie, a composition of Mrs. Pymacher's. The manager of the office tasted that pie, found it good, and gobbled it. Such are the notions of property in the street. "Is there any more where that came from?" asked the manager, a man of delicate tooth. "There is more," said Pymacher, "and better, if possible." "It is not possible," said the manager. He told all the Chicago capitalists, who came to that office. He made their mouths water. The next day Pymacher brought in a lemon pie, an iridescent dream, a tender flower. Half a dozen millionaires ate of it, with tears of joy and thanksgiving. "What shall we do for Mrs. Pymacher? Shall we build her a monument?" "Duty is a hundred shares of Northern Pacific," says Gates. So they bought her 100 shares at 113¼. sold it at 135. The next day came the corner, and a share of Northern Pacific was worth $1,000. But Mr. Gates had showed his eagerness to reward a supreme artist. If old Rembrandt were alive "the Gates crowd" would "let him in" on the best thing it had. KEEP BOYS ON THE FARM. Educational Department Gives Good Advice to Rural Father-Advice to the Teachers. The superintendent of public instruction of the state of Indiana has recently issued a bulletin touching on the steady migration of the young men of the rural districts to the cities in search of a so-called "better chance." Believing that Indiana is being sapped of its energies by that movement, the department in a bulletin to the teachers says that they can influence the boy to stay on the farm and to work out its problems. "It will be a sad day for our national life when all our young farmers come to town; when the small, well-cultivated homesteads give way to landed estates," the bulletin says. The necessity of keeping the boys on the farm was the subject of a discussion as to what the teacher can do for the community. A teacher's power in determining the industry of a community lies in making her schoolroom a busy workshop, where the rights of others and the nobility of honest toil are taught. The bulletin which is being sent out by the state superintendent deals with the relation of the teacher to the school, her patrons and the locality. The teacher, the bulletin says, ought to be a missionary, harmonizing turbulent elements. Booming Books Some time ago a rumor went round that astute publishers had in their pay a large number of the most attractive diners-out. Your neighbor at table would lead the conversation to the latest novel—quite the easiest of conversational openings between strangers, who lay their heads together over the menu and have to entertain each other for an hour. You are interested in the description of the book of the hour, you are a little ashamed of not having read it, and going home you sit down and order the book—from the circulating library. Every publisher, every theater manager, every deviser of a patent medicine knows that the advice of a friend is a more concentrated and personal pull than the opinion of a critic from the empyrean. And if the idea was ever carried out, it deserved to succeed, but no one ever spotted the paid dinner-out. There was the artistry of the thing. London Chronicle. All Sells Are Good. A recent bulletin of the department of agriculture says: "It appears that practically all soils contain sufficient plant food for good crop yield; that this supply will be indefinitely maintained, and that this actual yield of plants adapted to the soil depends mainly, under favorable conditions, upon the cultural methods and suitable crop rotation." A NEW SUPERSTITION. Traffic on a Busy New York Thoroughfare Almost Blocked Temporarily by a Curious Occurrence. Traffic on Broadway was almost blocked for a few moments the other afternoon by the actions of two women, who went through what was evidently a superstitious rite which no one but themselfs could understand. The women were middle aged, the New York Herald states, and beyond reproach in appearance, and no one noticed them, as they crossed Herald square; but midway of the Thirty-fifth and Thirty-sixth street block they paused, turned back and together retraced their footsteps for a short distance, gazing steadily at the ground as though they had lost something. When they had gone a few yards they stopped, and each woman put out her right foot and carefully touched one of the paving stones with the toe of her shoe. Then they turned again and resumed their walk in the most matter of fact way in the world. But the onlookers did not take it so coolly. New Yorkers are a curious people, and those who had noticed the women's action resolved to find out if there was anything peculiar about one of those paving stones. They stared eagerly toward that part of the pavement, and other persons, who had not seen the women, followed the crowd. But nothing unusual could be found in the pavement, and it was decided that it must be a new superstition, such as had not before been heard of, even in New York, which is as cosmopolitan in superstitions as it is in fashions. ENGLISH AS SHE IS SPOKE. Marvelous Exploit of a Picture Dealer in Munich—Used Dictionary, But No Grammar. The following notice, says the London Outlook, appears in the shop window of a picture dealer in Munich: "The exhibition of the paintings, which no every exception, whose alone property, and the possession of about 40,000 No. stitch of Kooper, cut of wood, art of shave liefes, colour printings, erasures, and ca. 6000 Portraits, also 10,000 sketches in hand. Aquarelles of german, english, dutch, belgian, italian and french masters of the latest four centuries. Also an collection of miniatures and many old books. Whiches complet collection are saleable. Mrs Patrons you want information about, send your please a letter to the possession J. Gernert, Bavariaring 30-1 and Karlsplatz 20-1 Munich. Catalogue of the collection is to preparation, and send the catalogues every Patron which to give his strict address." This, says the correspondent who kindly sends us the foregoing, rather emphasizes an experience of my own in Munich, where a shopkeeper, trying in English to excuse himself for not having in stock an appliance I needed, said: "I have not; I am very disagreeable." ' NO THIEVES THERE. In Bermuda They Couldn't Dispose of Plunder If They Stole-An Idyllic Community. The capture of the two negroes in this city charged with having looted a jewelry shop in Hamilton, Bermuda, will be the chief topic of conversation for the winter in that idyllic community, says the New York World. Bermuda is not accustomed to thieves. No experienced Bermudan will enter the profession of pilfering, at least of taking things that cannot be immediately eaten. For what can be done with them? If any property is taken the officers of the law have only to watch the steamship docks. The stuff cannot be disposed of on the islands. They are too small and everybody knows everybody. It is a Bermudian legend that once a bicycle was stolen. It was the talk of the town. The next ensuing problem of the thief was how to get any good of it. He did not dare use it; he could not send it out of the country. That he finally "gave it up" was proved when six months later a fisherman brought up the missing wheel from fairly deep water upon his hook. HOW THEY COLLECT BILLS. Indians Have a Delicate Way of Approaching Their Debtors—Their Dunning Sticks. The aboriginal debt collector literally goes after his victim with a sharp stick. Perhaps the phrase may have originated from the manner in which some Indians realize on bills due them. The Nushinan Indians of California may have seen the disagreeable habit prevalent among whites of sending bills. When one Indian owes another it is considered bad taste for the creditor to dun the debtor. He proceeds with more delicacy. He procures a certain number of sticks, according to the amount of the debt, and paints a ring around the end of each. These he carries and tosses into the debtor's wigwam and then goes away without a word. The debtor invariably pays the debt and destroys the sticks, as it is considered a reproach to have the January dunning stick thrown into the wigwam. Indeed, the creditor never uses them except with hard customers. There is more smoking of pipes done in cold weather than at any other time, and, excluding the vacation season, there are more pipes and smoking tobacco sold during the cold weather than during the temperate and heated spells.—Tobacco Trade Review. Work the Year Around. It is estimated that only one in six of the population of London leave the city for more than a day at a time in the summer. Fifty-First St. and Armour Ave. RAIL YARDS: 151st St. & L. S. & M. S. Ry. 152nd St. and Armour Ave. CHJCAGO NOTARY PUBLIC, Office Phone, M. 751 Residence Phone, Blue 5385. W. G. ANDERSON, ATTORNEY AT LAW. J. Q. GRANT & CO. SUITE 61,119 LA SALLE Residence, 3232 Wabash Avenue, CHICAGO. GEO. A. WILSON GEO. D. DUNCAN PHONE 1515 HABRISON. WILSON & DUNCAN COMMISSION BROKERS STOCKS, BONDS, GRAIN, PROVISIONS & COTTON SUITE 16, IMPERIAL BLDG. 260 SO. CLARK ST., CHICAGO. Send for our Pamphlet and Daily Market Letter upon Successful Speculation. All Business Transacted through and Confirmed by Ernest E. Jones & Co. Correspondence Solicited. O The Souls of Black Folk By W. E. B. DuBois A REMARKABLE BOOK that is provoking much discussion because of the wonderful eloquence with which the author pleads for right and justice to his people. In these days of increasing agitation over the "negro problem" this passionate human document can neither be overlooked nor ignored. Aside from its remarkable presentation of facts it holds the reader—prejudiced or not—by its fascination of style and overpowering pathos. Some of the Chapter Headings follow: OF OUR SPIRITUAL STRIVINGS. OF THE DAWN OF FREEDOM. OF MR. WASHINGTON AND OTHERS. OF THE MEANING OF PROGRESS. OF THE THENING OF BLACK MEN. OF THE BLACK BELT. OF THE SONS OF MASTER AND MAN. OF THE FAITH OF THE FATHERS. OF THE PASSING OF THE FIRST-BORN. OF ALEXANDER CRUMMELL. OF THE COMING OF JOHN. OF THE SORROW SONGS. 3d Edition $1.20 net Published by A.C. McClurg & Co., Chicago MRS. A. WILSON. Nicely furnished rooms to rent for gentlemen. 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Vice-President, JOHN SHELHAMER, Secretary, WILLIAM SULLIVAN. MANUFACTURERS OF Common and Sewer Brick Office and Yards: 45th and Robey Sts. Yards running winter and summer, equipped with the latest improved Wolf Dryer. Output of Winter Yards ..... 140,0.0 per day Output of Summer Yards..... 300,0.0 per day Telephone Yards 128. WEST SIDE BREWERY COMPANY, NER AUGUSTA AND PAULINA STREET 1967—TELEPHONES—MONDAY CORNER AUGUSTA AND PAULINA STREETS. Monroe 1567——TELEPHONES——Monroe 1573. Old Underoof Rye physician recommends the plant, there is no whisky in desirable qualities are contain underoof Rye and it has the effect. Because it is made right. AS. DENNEHY & C CHICACO If your physician recommends the use of a stimulant, there is no whisky in which so many desirable qualities are contained as in Old Underoof Rye and it has the least reactive effect. Because it is made right and is aged right. CHAS. DENNEHY & CO. CHICACO JOHN A ORB, President. W B C CORNER A Monroe 1567— If your phy a stimulant, so many desir in Old Under Get Particulars by Writing WILLIAM LEGNER, Vice Pres. & Treas. SIDE ERY NY, S. A. BULINA STREETS. N E S——Monroe 1573. CHICAGO, U. S. A. mends the use of whisky in which are contained as it has the least AFTER MANY YEARS The Body of James Smithson Is at Rest in Washington. THE INSTITUTION HE FOUNDED Most Important Center of Scientific Research in This Country—Retirement of Secretary Root—National Capitol Gossip. Washington.—James Smithson, the English founder of the Smithsonian institute, never saw the United States while he was living and it is fitting that his body should be brought here now 75 years after his death to rest for all time in the shadows of the institute, never saw the United States while he was living and it is fitting that his body should be brought here now 75 years after his death to rest for all time in the shadows of the institution which James Smithson. institution which is his real monument. Smithson was the natural son of James Smithson, the first duke of Northumberland, and it was not until after his father's death that he assumed his father's family name. Up till that time he had gone by his mother's name and was known as James Lewis Macle. He had an ample fortune which he devoted to scientific research. He was graduated at Oxford and then spent the rest of his life traveling on the continent engaged in scientific observations. Wherever he went he carried with him a portable laboratory and a large collection of gems and minerals. He was a member of the Royal Society of England and of the French Institute. He died in Genoa in 1829 at the age of 65, and left his entire fortune of $600,000 to a nephew, with the proviso in this will that if the nephew should die without heirs the entire property should be "left to the United States for the purpose of founding an institution at Washington to be called the Smithsonian Institution for the increase and diffusion of knowledge among men." The nephew died in 1835, and the property, amounting then to $508,318.46, came into possession of the United States government, resulting in the establishment of the Smithsonian Institution in 1846. Smithson's body has rested ever since his death in the cemetery at Genoa, and there it might have remained indefinitely had it not been for Alexander Graham Bell, who started a movement to have the body brought to the United States. He enlisted the support of Secretary Moody and other officers of the administration, with the result that after the arrival of the body at New York it was brought to Washington on the steamer Dolphin, thus giving to the transaction the official flavor which it deserved. It may be doubted whether Smithson had any conception when he put the al- It may be double had any conception tentative provision in his will to what extent his bequest would grow, and the far-reaching results it would have. His original bequest has multiplied like a grain of mustard seed. Under the direction of the officers of the Smithsonian the government in the last half century The Smithsonian Institution government in the The Smithsonian Institution. last half century has expended millions of dollars in scientific research, and some of the most eminent scientists in the world have been in its employ. Last year the amount appropriated for the support of the institution was $678,400, a sum surpassing the entire original bequest. This year estimates have been laid before congress calling for an appropriation of nearly $900,000. The institution has become the most important center of scientific activity in the United States, and there is nothing anywhere else in the world that surpasses it. The original institution building—one of the most beautiful structures architecturally in the United States—is the nucleus for a great and constantly expanding system. The ethnological bureau costs $50,000 a year. The government is at an expense of nearly half a million dollars a year to sustain the national museum. The zoological park on the outskirts of the city, containing one of the finest collections of animals in the world, costs $100,000 a year to maintain. Smithson gave his money to a country which seemed to him to be poor and struggling simply because he was enamored of the principles upon which the republic was founded. His body will rest under the shadow of the institution which bears his name, in the midst of one of the most beautiful cities in the world and one of the wealthiest. Secretary Root retires to private life on the first of February more generally regretted than any official of the government who has left its service in a generation. There is hardly another instance of a man coming to Washington comparatively unknown except for a local reputation who has won for himself so high a place in so short a time. The Miss Root. ```markdown ``` Miss Root. short a time. The nearest approach to it in recent years is Olney, who came into Cleveland's cabinet with no national reputation at all and who was regarded simply as a successful corporation lawyer of Boston, wicked up by Cleveland for some parties. lar reason of his own. Olney became the strong man of the Cleveland administration, both as attorney general and as secretary of state. Root came here with more of a reputation than Olney, because he had played on the larger stage of New York life and had been more or less conspicuous in local politics in a somewhat academic way. Few realized that he had in him the stern stuff he has developed. Even before his retirement he was recognized as one of the two greatest secretaries of war in the history of the government, and there are some who believe that if he had been confronted with the momentous problems Stanton had to solve he would have shown qualities superior even to those of Lincoln's great war secretary. There is no doubt that Root's experience in Washington has broadened him and ripened him as he has risen to meet each new emergency. He knows more about men than he did, and is less characteristically the corporation lawyer than he was. He will go back to New York to take unchallenged his place at the head of the New York bar, a distinction which he seems to prize more than any other that can come to him. Root's Successor. Gov. Taft, who will succeed him at the head of the war department, is a man of perhaps equal ability, but of an altogether different temper. He is younger for one thing, and he is personally more of the hall fellow well met. Taft was solicitor general in Harrison's administration and he was then one of the most popular officials in Washington. He is remem- S. C. B. bered even now for his genial qualities, as well as for his official success. He is a big fellow physically, with a face not altogether unlike that of Cleveland. Taft has great courage, as Root has, but it may be that he will be more inclined to listen to argument than Root, and there may not be the up and down determination which has characterized the proceedings of the war department during the past four years. Root has been the trusted adviser of two presidents of opposite temperaments—McKinley and Roosevelt. It is hard to say which leaned on him most, and it is certain he has been intensely loyal to both. Taft at the beginning can hardly hope to fill Root's place in that regard, whatever may come later. A Carriage Question. The burning question as to whether or not assistant secretaries and chief clerks of departments shall have carriages at the government expense has been agitating the bosoms of the house of representatives. No More Fire Car George H. Williams, former attorney general of the United States during Grant's administration, and still a man of conse- No More Free Car riages quence in Oregon, must chuckle to himself if he ever reads the Washington dispatches. Williams, one of the ablest men in Grant's cabinet, and nominated by Grant to be chief justice of the supreme court, was lampooned from one end of the country to the other in the democratic press and gained the nickname of "Landaulet" because Mrs. Williams drove about in a handsomely upholstered landaulet furnished by the government when she made her social calls. For some reason that was regarded as reprehensible in those days, even though Williams was a member of the cabinet. But now, 30 years later, the carriage habit has become so fixed that very little excitement is created outside of congress when the question arises as to the advisability of allowing the privilege to chief clerks in the departments. The house of representatives very properly voted that no part of the appropriations should be used for carriages unless they were specially provided in the legislative bill, and for-a time that will do away with carriages except for members of the cabinet and two or three others; but, as a matter of fact, the carriages in very many instances are really a necessity, and they will gradually creep back one by one through legitimate channels. There is not a government official in Washington below the cabinet rank who can afford to keep a carriage on his salary. Lucky Stage Fright. One of the most striking anecdotes told in Hermann Klein's "Thirty Years of Musical Life in London," relates to Anton Seidl's first interview with Wagner, in the library at Wahnfried. Seidl found the room dark; and, imagining nobody was there, he pulled out his letter of introduction and began silently rehearsing the speech he had prepared. Suddenly, from out of a gloomy corner, Wagner appeared, and Seidl was so nervous that he could not bring out a sentence of his speech. This proved to be his salvation, for Wagner, declaring, "If you can work as well as you can hold your tongue, you will do," engaged him on the spot. Success of Electrocution. Attorney General Cunnen, of New York, has received a communication from a man in Michigan, who inquires whether electrocution is an effective punishment for the crime of murder. The attorney general in reply stated that so far as he is aware no man who has suffered that punishment ever again committed murder or any other crime. CARE OF THE LAMPS. To Keep Them Bright and Free from Smoke Is a Task That Puzzles Many Housekeepers. Nothing can be more provoking and disheartening than dull, sizzling fires, and sputtering, smoky lamps. Sometimes, however, lamps will become exasperatingly contrary. In spite of all one can do, they will not condescend to work properly. If such a state of temper should take possession of them, try the following process. If it should not prove successful, better throw the old burners away at once, and buy new ones. Put the burners in a dish of good strong suds, and place on the stove. Some recommend boiling them first in water which has been strained from boiled beans or apple parings. When well boiled, remove, clean out with a brush, and polish with a dry cloth. If the bowls have become dirty, empty the oil out, and clean them thoroughly. Then refill with good oil—the cheap grades of oil should never be used. Don't put in a great roll of wick at once. It is better to cut it into shorter pieces, and put a new one in at frequent intervals. See that the wicks are always trimmed off straight across the top, without any jagged points to flare up and smoke the chimney. Wash each chimney well in soapy soft water, dry with a clean cloth, and polish with newspaper until they glitter as brightly as cut-glass. I have heard that they will last much longer if put, when new, into cold water and the water permitted to come gradually to a boil.— Prairie Farmer. PRETTY PANSY EMERY. Neat Little Trifle Which Can Be Made by Any Ingenious Woman Without Any Expense. The merit of striking novelty can hardly be claimed for this convenient trifle, but it is newer than the scarlet fruits—supposed to be strawberries—in the guise of which emeries are so frequently made. To make the emery-bag proper, use a bit of very firm muslin or dress-lining about two inches long and a little over one inch wide. Double this in the middle, and turning in the width of a seam at the sides and ends, sew the sides together with the finest and closest of over-and-over stitches; for close sewing is absolutely necessary to hold the emery. There is probably an old emery in somebody's work-basket that would be benefited by a new covering, or you can get a new and inexpensive "strawberry" in order to procure the filling for your tiny bag. In either case cut an opening in the smaller end of the bag you wish to reject, draw your new one over this, and gently poke and squeeze until the contents are transferred—emery is not pleasant stuff to handle—then draw the ends very tightly together, like a bag, and sew securely. The next step is the ribbon covering. This is of satin one, inch in width, and three pieces will be needed—one of royal purple four inches long, and two of pale yellow, one of which is two inches, the other one inch, in length. The purple strip is doubled over the little bag, and overhanded together with sewing-silk to match. When this is done; and the ends drawn together, the appearance of the work should be like No. 1 in the illustration. The bag may, however, be shorter in proportion to its width if you have only a small quantity of emery; then, of course, the bit of ribbon would be cut a little shorter. Open out and turn back the ends of the ribbon, trim them in shape with a pair of sharp scissors, and arrange them as in No. 2, to suggest the upper petals of a pansy. Next shape one end of the shorter piece of yellow, and near the other end mark with a pen and ink several lines to suggest the "beard." Gather 2 3 DAINTY PANSY EMERY this inner end, and fasten to the junction of the purple petals, using pale green sewing-silk; see No. 4. Then, without detaching the thread, run your needle crosswise through the center of the other yellow strip—first shaping, and marking it with ink like No. 3—draw it up until it occupies the correct position in relation to the other petals, and sew in place. You need not be afraid of your stitches showing—take care only that they are taken crosswise of the petals—and for the "fastening-off," take one short stitch directly in the center of the finished flower, a second in the same place right over the first, a third over the second, and then put the needle down through the little bag, drawing the silk after it, and but the latter close to the surface as it emerges. If you prefers a pansy all of one color, it is easy to substitute rich gold-color for the purple and pale yellow ribbons; or if you have some bits of lavender ribbon, you can make a beautiful one with touches of yellow paint, if you handle the brush, or with long stitches of gold-colored floss, for the markings in the center.—Isabel Carter, in Modern Priscilla FOR THE SEWING ROOM. A Home-Made Sewing Table and Cabinet Which Will Be Found Useful All Around. A very useful article to keep always near the sewing machine is made in this way: Take three light wooden boxes, such as can be procured at any grocery store, all being the same length and width. One foot wide by two feet long is a convenient size. Have two of them three inches and the other six inches deep. The boxes can be made at home by any hardy man or boy, half-inch lumber being used. Carefully plane on both sides. Use four upright strips for the frame and fasten the boxes one above the other to these corner pieces, in the manner of the workbaskets often seen, the lower box being about nine inches above the floor and the others at such distance apart that the top one is at a convenient height to reach into when seated. The upright posts can be made as fancy as desired, as turned pieces of this kind can be obtained at any woodworking shop, or they can be made square. Have the deepest box at the top and fit it with a hinged cover. It can be used to hold small pieces of unfinished work as well as the pieces of goods needed in the regular weekly mending. It should ```markdown ``` HOME-MADE SEWING TABLE. be lined with suitable material, pockets being made on each side to hold materials for fancywork, and a needlebook and small pincushion should be fastened to the lining of the cover. The second box should be divided into compartments to hold spools, scissors, papers of needles, pins, tape, knitting needles, crochet hooks, etc., while the lower one has one-half divided into small compartments to hold different styles of buttons, the other half being left undived to hold the tools and materials for stocking mending. When completed the whole affair should be stained with black walnut stain and then varnished, and castors be added or not as desired. It can be made ornamental or not as one chooses. Some people tack fringe around the lower edge of each box, which adds to its attractiveness, but it makes a creditable appearance without it. A row of fancy tacks with brass heads placed an inch and a half apart around both top and bottom of each box also makes a very ornamental finish. Marion Meade, in Orange Judd Farmer. WITHIN REACH OF ALL. Luxurlant Hair Is a Beautiful Thing to Have, and Every Girl Can Have It, Too. "Nearly every girl can have luxuriant hair if she knows how to cultivate it properly, but 99 out of 100 are ignorant as to the right methods to employ," said the hairdresser to President Roosevelt's family, in convtrsation with a Tribune reporter, while in New York city recently. "The principal thing to look to," he continued, "is to keep the hair and scalp thoroughly clean, but not overdo it. For a normal head of hair shampooing once a month is quite sufficient if one is living in the country. In large cities, however, where there is generally a lot of dust and smoke flying around, a shampoo twice a month does no harm. "Many have a habit of putting a lump of soda into the shampooing water, because it makes the hair fluffy and dries it quickly. I never advise my women patrons to do that, for the reason that it renders the hair brittle and fades the color. The best shampoo 'powder' I know of is the yolk of an egg beaten in a cupful of cold or tepid water. This, when rubbed well into the scalp by the tips of the fingers, cleanses the scalp perfectly, besides acting as a tonic to the hair. I may say, however, that if it is not washed off thoroughly with several rinsing waters—two waters, at least—it becomes injurious. The best way of shampooing the hair is always to turn it over the face after brushing it well up from the back. Then, when it is washed, divide it by a parting through the center of the head, and let it fall down over the shoulders after squeezing out all the water possible by twisting it tightly. The hair should never be dried quickly by sitting in front of a stove. A little gentle fanning is the best way, but first rub a little alcohol into the roots. This prevents catching cold. Rub the hair with warm towels, and when perfectly dry divide it into strands and comb out the tangles, beginning at the ends. "Plain cold water is undoubtedly the best tonic for the hair, and the scalp should be massaged every morning, for, say, five minutes, with the fingers dipped in cold water. A gentle pulling of the hair against the roots is also a good thing, in that it stimulates the circulation. The hair, too, should be brushed for ten minutes night and morning with a long, stiff bristled brush." He then gave the following lotion for dandruff, which he claims to be effective: "One teaspoonful of powdered borax, half a teaspoonful flour of sulphur, six ounces of rosewater and one ounce of spirits of rosemary." Stand Brooms Upside Down. Don't stand brooms on their broom end, but upside down in the corner. RATS KNEW CAT WAS ABOUT But They Never Saw the Cat and Were on Another Floor of the House. "I have observed recently a rather curious thing with respect to the relationship between cats and rats, and it has led to a rather interesting reflection," said a man who takes much interest in animal life, to a New Orleans Times-Democrat reporter. "For awhile the rats overran my place. At night there was no such thing as quiet around the house. They would scamper across the floor, bump up and down the steps and cut all kinds of capers. We secured a cat, and from the very time the cat appeared on the place the rats began to get scarce. "There is nothing curious about this fact in itself. But to my personal knowledge the rats have never seen the cat. The cat has remained on one floor and the rats on another. There has been no chasing and no conflict between them. Now, I want to know how the rats know the cat is on the place. "The inquiry has caused me to indulge the more interesting reflection: How far can a rat detect the presence of a cat by the sense of smell? Evidently at considerable distance. Else the rats at my place would not have known of the cat's presence under the circumstances. I'm quite sure that they have never seen the cat. But they know he is there just the same, and they have been awfully cautious since his arrival." SILENCE NOT ALWAYS BEST. One Woman Found a Flaw in the Time-Honored Adage—Experience with Swedish Cook. Misunderstandings sometimes arise from slight causes, and occasionally one occurs which seems to prove that silence is not always golden. In this case trouble was brewed without a word being spoken. Young Mrs. Bond's Swedish cook, says the Youth's Companion, was scrupulously neat about her work, but her figure was so unlovely, and her countenance so unprepossessing that her overfastidious young mistress could never bear to look at her. Instead, whenever the young housekeeper found it necessary to interview her unattractive maid she kept her eyes fixed upon a large black coal scuttle that always stood before the kitchen stove. One day as Mrs. Bond stood, as usual, in the doorway gazing intently at the coal hod while Matilda was telling what groceries were needed, the handmaiden unexpectedly changed the subject, and proceeded to give vent to the pent-up feelings of many weeks. "Vat for you all tam luke at my's coal bocket, messis?" exclaimed Matilda, with evident resentment. "Every day I scrob heem inside and I scroob heem outside, until he vas yust so clean as my can vash heem—luke, meesis, I have scrub all she's skeen of heem—but all the tame you luke—luke at heem like you tank I dondt vash heem at all! I never sees no lady so particular about she's coal bocket!" CHEESE IN WISCONSIN. In Spite of Seventeen Hundred Factories in State There Is No Over Production. "You might as well look for an overproduction of children as an over-production of cheese," said U. S. Baer, secretary of the Wisconsin Cheese Makers' association, at the Republican house, to a Milwaukee Sentinel reporter, "The fact that we have upward of 1,700 cheese factories in Wisconsin has raised the cry that the business is being overdone. The people of this country have not yet learned to eat cheese, but they are coming to it. Let me tell you, the consumption per capita in England is nearly 13 pounds a year, whie in Wisconsin it is only about three pounds a year to each person. We are above the average of the states in the consumption of cheese, notwithstanding we are so far behind the Englishmen in this respect. There were produced in Wisconsin during the past year 90,000,000 pounds of cheese, which is more than a quarter of the whole amount produced in the United States. The average price has been ten cents a pound, so that you can see, with possibly the exception of butter, the making of cheese is the first single farm industry in the state. There is no Wisconsin cheese being exported, for the simple reason that the domestic demand takes all the supply." SHARKS RETURN TO PREY. Reappearance in Baltic Drives Away Small Fish—Finnny Tribe Likes Change of Scene. As is well known, fish like a change of home, and frequently, without apparent reason, abandon waters in which they have long disported, and are next found in some distant part of the sea. A desire for a change of scene, however, is not the cause of the pilchards suddenly leaving the west coast of France, and the fishermen are unable to discover the reason. Now it is announced, according to the testimony of fishermen, that the shark has returned to European waters. In the Baltic, where sharks had been extinct since 1759, they have made their reappearance in considerable numbers, and several fishing boats report having whole catches of fish devoured from the nets, which were broken, in the Belt and the Cattegat. A fisherman who fell overboard narrowly escaped with his life. Shoals of sharks, some of them of large size, have been seen off the German coast, and they are even reported as becoming far from rare in the North sea. Their presence is attributed to their pursuit of the herring shoals on the west coast of Norway. How They Hate Each Other. "Well," said her neighbor, "this is a regular old-fashioned winter, isn't it?" "Oh, is it?" she returned. "Really, you know, I can't speak from experience about old-fashioned winters, not having been here when you used to have that kind."—Chicago Record-Herald. One of Many. Dingdong—Did you try that cigar I gave you yesterday? Biffbang—Yes; but it didn't deserve a trial. Dingdong—Why, what do you mean? Biffbang—It should have been lynched.—Cincinnati Enquirer. Where Johnny Demurred. "Remember, Johnny," said his elderly uncle, "that actions speak louder than words." "Sometimes they don't," objected Johnny. "When mamma's spankin' me I can yell a good deal louder than she can spank."—Chicago Tribune. Marriage is a lottery? Not by all the twinkling stars! Marriage is a pottery. Where are made the family jars! —Puck. BLUFF THAT DIDN'T WORK. A "Hubby, dear, I saw a simply charming hat to-day. You must buy it for me because it will set all my friends to talking." "H'm! It seems to me they'll talk still more if you keep on wearing your old hat."—Fliegende Blaetter. A Safe Rule to Work On. Whenever I am sure I'm right I do not argue long. Because from dear experience I know that I am wrong. —Chicago Record-Herald. No Place to Go. "Great Scott, Maria! You're not going to begin housecleaning now, are you?" "Of course. Why not?" "Why, they've closed up my club for repairs. I'll have to walk the streets." —Chicago American. Caught in His Own Trap. Hardup—I'm very sorry, but I can't pay you to-day. You see, the grocer had just been here, and— Butcher (interrupting)—Yes, I just met him, and he said you put him off because you had to pay me. So here's the bill.—Tit-Bits. "I'm sorry, Mrs. O'Toole, to hear that yer husband suffers from insomny. My husband had the same complaint, but he cured it." "How did he, now?" "Sure, he became a night watchman." —Brooklyn Life. Not Such a Bad Shot. Gayboy (time one a. m.)—I say, old chap, isn't this a little late for you to be out? Aren't you afraid your wife will miss you? Enpeck—I hope she will, but she can throw pretty straight for a woman. Illustrated Bits. Point of View. Husband—What! A hundred dollars for an opera cloak? Why, it is perfectly ridiculous, my dear. Wife—Yes, I know it is; but you said you couldn't afford an expensive one. Chicago Daily News. His Memory Was Good. Angry Wife-It seems to me we've been married a century. I can't even remember when or where we first met. Husband (emphatically)—I can. It was at a dinner-party where there were 13 at table.—Tit-Bits. THE BROAD AX. Is for sale at the following news stands: The Afro-American News Office, 3104 State Street. A. F. Tervalon's Cigar Store and News Stand, 2826 State street. Edward Felix's Cigar Store, 398 30th street, N. E. Corner Armour Ave. T. B. Hall's Cigar Store and Laundry office, 281 29th St. Turner William's Cigar and News Stand, 2903 Armour Ave. Mrs. B. Williams, Cigars, Notions and News Stand, 486 1/2 State street. Mrs. E. F. Early, groceries and notions, 2933 State St. H. Winston's Cigar Store and Newsstand, 280, 29th St. The Stationery, 2970 State street. J. C. Campbell, 145 W. 47th street., Cigars, Tobacco, Staple Groceries. Isidor Jacobson, cigars, togacco and stationery, 3149 State St. Wm. Goetz, News Stand and Laundry Office, 411 E. 36th st. News items and advertisements left at these places will find their way into the columns of The Broad Ax. CHIPS. Mrs. Elizabeth Lindsay Davis left for Indianapolis this week to attend the executive session of the National Council of Women. This is the highest body of women in the United States. It is composed of only representatives of national organizations; among them are the National Suffragist, the Women's Christian Temperance Union and the National Council of Jewish Women. Mrs. J. Silone Yates, of Missouri, and Mrs. B. K. Bruce, of Mississippi, and Mrs. Davis, of Illinois, are the delegates from the National Association of Colored Women. The headquarters will be at the English Hotel and the sessions will last a week. Mrs. M. M. Watts, 2712 Dearborn street, who is one of our best lady friends, was at the Knight Templars' ball Monday night, and she resembled a young fairy queen, her beautiful gown was built in New York City, and it fitted her exquisite form very artistically; it was of heavy white net made over seafoam green silk; bunches of cherries embroidered in their natural colors, were scattered over her rich and elegant hand made dress. Mrs. Watt' ornaments were real diamonds and pearls. She also wore some kind of diamond concern across the top of her head which was very brilliant. Her friend Mrs. Patterson, late of Providence, Rhode Island, also wore a very fine lavender silk gown. She is a graceful dancer, and both ladies attracted much attention during the evening. Edwin A. Olson, of the 31st ward has become a candidate 10r State's Attorney. He is putting up a bitter fight on Col. Charles S. Deneen, whom Mr. Olson declares is cold, selfish and very grasping, that he has grown rich and pompous since he began to grab money in the State's Attorney's office." The respectable people in Cook County, regardless of their political affiliations, sincerely hope that Mr. Olson or some other decent man will be able to roust Charley Deneen out of the State's Attorney's office so that in the future it can be run in the interest of the tax payers and property holders of this county, and not for the personal benefit of a few chuckle-headed politicians who are ever ready to spend the people's time and money for the purpose of whitewashing immoral whisky, drinking preachers. ANCIENT EGYPTIAN JEWELS. Treasure Recently Uncertified in the Tomb of King Zer Shows Some Marvelous Workmanship. Some of the most remarkable Egyptian jewelry ever discovered has recently been unearthed. The date assigned is as remote as 5000 B. C., but the workmanship in gold and jewels is marvelous. In exploring the tomb of King Zer it was found that the tomb had been entered for robbery at some remote period and that the plunderers had broken off the arm of the mummy quietly and hidden it in a crevice in the wall—perhaps on being discovered or alarmed—and had never returned to remove it, says the New York Herald. On taking off the wrappings Prof. Petrie found four magnificent bracelets of gold, with amethyst, turquoise and lapis lazuli in varied and elegant adjustments. The gold work was peculiarly fine and delicate, though the metal was soft and pure, apparently with no hardening alloy. The stones were beautiful and very strikingly and peculiarly arranged. A number of amethyst beads of the richest and deepest purple, about a quarter of an inch in diameter, are in the possession of Mr. Edward Ayer, of Chicago. He obtained them from Dashone, Egypt, they being from the treasures in the tomb of Princess Merit, daughter of Amenhotep II., of the twelfth dynasty. A NEW JERSEY SOLOMON. Justice of the Peace Renders De ceision Not Unlike That of the Famous Bible Character. Magistrate Jermon once spent a summer in a little town in South Jersey and made the acquaintance of a justice of the peace who held more offices than Pooh Bah himself. "He was," says Jermon, according to the Philadelphia Press, "a notary public, a storekeeper, superintendent of the Sunday school, a lay preacher, postmaster, coroner, a farmer and a few more things that I can't recall now. He was a shrewd old fellow, as a decision in a case that I heard will go to show. Two farmers had a dispute about the ownership of some poultry, and each pleaded his own case. Each side had an equal number of witnesses and there was some tail swearing done all around. If I had been sitting on the case I should have given it up as a bad job, or sent it to court for trial. But that's just what he didn't do. "I forgot to state that in addition to all his other functions he was his own constable. The hens were in court in a coop and he ordered that the constable should take the coop to the roadway opposite the farms of the litigants and turn the creatures loose. And he did the job himself and got his fee for doing it. The hens settled the case themselves by going directly to one of the farms, and the justice declared that they knew their way home, and gave judgment accordingly." PEOPLE YOU READ ABOUT. Charles I. Beck, of South Orange, N. J., has a unique collection of postage stamps, coins, arrow heads and other curios of historic value. Judge Jonathan Dixon, of the supreme court of New Jersey, has eight handsome daughters and one son more or less so. Mrs. Dixon will not let the girls marry out of their regular turn. The first, second and third in the order of birth have found worthy husbands and the stern old jurist gives to each a government bond of $10,000 as a marriage portion. The judge has never been interviewed by a newspaper man. Conflicting statements having been published as to the plans for the future of Carroll D. Wright, the commissioner of labor, Mr. Wright has authorized the statement that he intends to resign his present office by the end of 1904 and then to remove to Worcester. Mr. Wright was elected to the presidency of Clark college at that place some time ago and he expects to live there permanently. He will remain at the head of the department of economics and sociology of the Carnegie institute, however. It is related of President Hadley, of Yale, that he presided at a dinner given by an art club in the main gallery of the art school at the university, and in consideration of the fact that the wives of the diners were present considered it his duty to hand out a number of "rhetorical bouquets." One of these somewhat astonished his auditors. With a sweeping gesture he indicated the works of art with which the room was adorned and said: "What need have we of all these painted beauties on the wall when so many are gathered here to-night around this festive board?" Senator Daniel, of Virginia, is the author of a standard law book entitled "Daniel on Negotiable Instruments." He was explaining in one of his law lectures one day how he came to write the book. He said he was in his office some years ago when a man came in and asked him if sight drafts carry three days of grace. He didn't know. None of the other lawyers knew, and it took a visit to a bank to find out. He then determined to write a comprehensive work on all negotiable instruments and he did so. As the senator was finishing a young man in the class said: "Senator, do sight drafts carry three days of grace?" Daniel hemmed and hawed, looked confused and finally said: "Upon my soul, young man, I have forgotten." CIVIC CONCERNS. A committee of the Baltimore Municipal Art society has appointed a subcommittee to arrange for the erection of a monument to Edgar Allan Poe in that city. A study of the Boston tax lists as recently made public shows Joshua M. Sears to be the largest individual taxpayer there. His tax amounts to $70,189.57. Quincy A. Shaw is the second largest contributor to the city treasury, with a tax of $40,302.40. Lewis P. Abbott, for 30 years a member of the Boston fire department, a part of that time holding the office of district chief, retired on a pension of $1,000 yearly on New Year's day. He has missed but four fires in his district during his term of service. Should trouble arise in Westchester county, New York, Sheriff Merritt will have an opportunity to call upon four millionaire deputies for aid. These men are Howard Willets, Paul Gilbert Thebaud, Mayhew W. Bronson and Frederick W. Flint. The sheriff says he chose these deputies because they are good men, each of whom has assured him that they are ready for any emergency that may arise. Alderman Bromberg, of Boston, the only republican elected to the city council at the November polls, has been placed upon 33 committees. It has long been regarded as the proper thing for the minority party to be represented on each committee, and in respect for this sentiment the democrats were given no other alternative than to place Alderman Bromberg's name upon a respectable number of them. He is given the chairmanship of the auditing committee. SEEN IN THE SHOP WINDOWS Extra long hatpins with fancy metal heads are now to be had. An odd letter paper box represents a man's pigskin hand satchel. The lock and metal work, as well as the labels that decorate it, are very artistic. Rather odd is a metal pig some four or five inches long which gives forth a most musical twinkle when you twist its tail. This small novelty is the latest in tea bells. The rage for the bug brooches is past and in their stead are shown the flower brooches, made of precious stones. The butterfly, however, seems to be as popular as ever. An odd cigar holder is in the form of a rather-good-sized bird of paradise, which carries in its,beak a brass basket to receive the ashes. In his back are two brass receptacles, one for matches, the other for cigars. IRRELEVANCIES Charity covers a multitude of sins, but discretion more than many multitudes. The first kiss of love is all right in its way, but it don't cause half the excitement of the first tooth. Marriage is like the immortal jests we coin in our sleep; when we awake it's not such a good jest after all. I don't object to my tailor refusing to give me credit for clothes; but I do think that he ought to give me credit for good intentions. While the subject of the protection of the public in theaters is being discussed, would it not be well for the reformers to consider if there be any remedy for the cakewalk? Don't use poor paper, envelopes or wrappers. Don't use weak ink; have it blueblack if you can. Don't fail to weigh your matter before buying stamps. Don't put valuables or money in unregistered letters. Don't post letters on the top of a box or in a package box. Don't buy envelopes or wrappers having mucilage that won't stick. Don't send money in an ordinary letter; buy a money order or register it. Don't overlook the time-card on boxes if you are in a special hurry with your mail. Don't drop circulars in a letter box in large quantities; bring them to the post office. Don't let the address take up all the space; leave room for postage stamp and postmark. Don't forget the slightest fraction over the exact weight requires another rate of postage. Don't leave off the name of street, post office, state or country when addressing country mail. Don't look upon a letter carrier or a clerk as a postal encyclopedia; call up the inquiry division on technical matters. Don't forget to put your name and address in upper lefthand corner of envelope or package, so that we can return it or notify you in case mail is not deliverable. Don't have any hesitation in calling for a foreign mail schedule when you want to be informed on mail steamere, parcels-post regulations and foreign mails generally. Don't, finally, lose sight of the fact that the postmaster will cheerfully listen to all well-grounded complaints, and is ready at all times to receive suggestions for the improvement of the service. F. E. COYNE. Postmaster at Chicago. VARIOUS AND INTERESTING. Orange juice will polish patent leather. Almost 300 men were killed in the anthracite mines of Pennsylvania during 1903, according to the records kept by the state mining inspectors. So effective is the life-saving service of the United States that from disasters to 246 documented vessels on the coast during the year, having 3,862 persons on board, only 20 lives were lost, and of the $9,000,000 worth of property put in jeopardy, but a little more than $1,000,-000 was lost. Dan Halstead, the last survivor of the Indian tribes that once inhabited New Jersey, is living the life of a hermit on the Morris river, near Norma, in that state. He is said to be the grandson of a former great chief. His sole companion in his solitude is a mongrel dog. He makes a living by fishing and truck gardening. Navies rank as follows in first-class batleships: Great Britain, France, Germany, Russia and Japan. The United States will soon be second only to Great Britain. When the ships now building are all completed, the United States will have a fleet of 24 first-class battleships, ten armored cruisers of the best type and ten coast defense monitors of excellent fighting strength for harbor protection. The congressional library has received from Mrs. G. W. Fall, of Nashville, Tenn., a large box containing the papers and letters of President James K. Polk. The letters were bequeathed to the owner by the wife of President Polk and have been in her possession for a number of years. The congressional library has been trying to gain possession of them for some time, as the collection is a very valuable one. Recently Mrs. Fall consented to turn them over to the government. The library officials decline to state the price paid for them, but it is understood the figure was $10,000. IN VARIOUS PLACES Th total amount paid by the various South African compensation boards to those whose property was taken by the military during the war is £4,200,000. Thirteen snuffboxes in agate and jasper, ornamented with gold and precious stones, and formerly the property of Frederick the Great, have been presented by the kaiser to the Hohenzollern museum. The Servian Institute of Journalists has petitioned parliament to delete from the press law the clause threatening prosecution for insulting foreign potentates, on the ground that in foreign countries there are no laws protecting the king of Servia from offensive references in the press. The Prussian government has decided to found an agricultural school at Delitzsch, in the province of Saxony, near the Saxon frontier. Delitzsch has a population of 10,500. It is on the line of the railroad extending from Leipsic to Magdeburg, which belongs to the Prussian government, in the heart of a most prosperous section of the country; where agriculture is the chief occupation of the people. OVER THE WIRE. A man has been fined in Vienna for calling a telephone girl a liar over the wire. A portrait of Marconi is to be engraved on one of a new issue of Italian stamps. When a telephone of the Chicago Telephone company is "busy" the nickel which you are supposed to have dropped in is supposed to drop out again. Constable John Small tried it 15 times and the nickel didn't drop once, he says. So he sued for the nickel. The telephone company paid $300 in counsel fees and had to surrender the nickel in the end. SURTE 318-320 REAPER BLOCK Clark and Washington Sta. A. D. GASH Attorney at Law, 84-86 La Salle Street, Chicago. Suite 615 no 619. Telephone Main 3077. FREDERICK W. JOB ATTORNEY AT LAW 822 MARQUETTE BUILDING Telephone 2010 Central CHICAGO JOHN E. OWENS ATTORNEY & COUNSELOR AT LAW 323 ASHLAND BLOCK TELEPHONE CENTNAL 908 CHICAGO William Howard Fitzgerald LAWYER Room 402 Reeper Block, - CHICAGO PHONES { Office, Main 1157 Kea, Brown 42 STEPHEN A. DOUGLAS Suite 200, 123-125 Lä Salle Street CHICAGO Daleyhome Yard-127 Residence, 120 Canfield DL JOHN FITZGERALD JUSTICE OF THE PEACE 4707 &. KALWED STREET, CHICAGO J. GRAY LUCAS ATTORNEY-AT-LAW Suite 412 Real Estate Board Bldg 59 Dearborn St. Cor. Randolph CHICAGO. J. J. HENNESSY, Justice-of-the-Peace, 6301 S. Halsted St. WILLIAM TREXLER, CLERK. TELEPHONE WENTWORTH 4403. Police Magistrate Englewood Police Court. Telephone Main 3558. P. J. O'SHEA ATTORNEY AT LAW Suite 1444 Unity Building 79 Dearborn St. Chicago. Robert M. Mitchell Attorney at Law Suite 9, No. 77 South Clark St. CHICAGO WILLIAM RITCHIE ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR. Suite 810-820 Oxford Building 84 LA SALLE ST., CHICAGO Telephone Main 1444. J. E. JONES LAWYER 79 Clark Street Room 9 Chicago ALBERT B. GEORGE LAWYER. 422 Ashland Block, Chicago. T. J. HUNTER. Dealer in ladies' and gent's clothing. Private salesrooms, 3149 State St. Phone, Douglas 2961. --- ILLINOIS BRICK CO. WILLIAM C. KUESTER. SUPERINTENDENT. 1994 N. Weste N. Western Ave., Ch 1994 N. Western Ave., Chicago. Telephone Lake View 270. JACOB B Market a Telephone 81st and State St HILL 112 STATE Clearing every de Tel. Yards 693 John J Real Estate, Ins Property managed. Abstracts exa 4709 South Halsted Street Theodore JUSTICE OF Mortgages, Deeds, Notes and Acknowledged. COB FEINBERG Market and Grocer Telephone 565 South State Sts. CHI HILLMAN'S 112-114-116 STATE STREET Bearing Sale in every department John J. Bradle state, Insurance and aged. Abstracts examined. Renting. Legal paper Halsted Street eodore C. May VICE OF THE PE ges, Deeds, Notes and Legal Documents Dr knowledged. Room 22, 27 North CL JACOB FEINBERG Market and Grocery HILLMAN'S 112-114-116 STATE STREET. Clearing Sale in every department John J. Bradley Real Estate, Insurance and Loans Property managed. Abstracts examined. Renting. Legal papers prepared. 4709 South Halsted Street Chicago JUSTICE OF THE PEACE Mortgages, Deeds, Notes and Legal Documents Drawn and Acknowledged. Room 22, 27 North Clark Street. POLICE MAGISTRATE East Chicago Ave. Police Court Metropolis FOR THE 31st St. Every Tuesday CHICAGO Metropole Hall FOR THE SEASON 1903-4 31st St. and 5th Ave. ry Tuesday and Frida Metropole Hall Every Tuesday and Friday Under New Management Mr. Alex. Armant and Mr. Horace Clinton Every Tuesday and MUSIC BY ARM PROF. HALL, Dancing Master Telephone Junk'a Tuesday and Friday Evening MUSIC BY ARMANT'S ORCHESTRA BLL, Dancing Master. Admission Telephone Yards: 718 Every Tuesday and Friday Evenings MUSIC BY ARMANT'S ORCHESTRA PROF. HALL, Dancing Master. Admission 25c. Junk's Brewery M. JUNK, Proprietor JOS. P. JUNK, Manager 3700-3710 South Halsted Street and 897 to 929 Thirtyseventh Street CHICAGO F. W. BOYD DEALER IN CHICAGO Chicago BERG cery CHICAGO N'S Notary Public dley and Loans legal papers prepared. Chicago Mayer PEACE ments Drawn North Clark Street. RESIDENCE 337 Burling Street Hall