The Broad Ax

BROAD AX THE RISE OF THE NEGRO RACE IN AMERICA AND ITS BEARING UPON ITS SOCIAL LIFE. The Upper Crust or Strata of the Race Is Drifting Away From its Lower Element. An Able and Interesting Article by James E. McGirt Editor of McGirt's Magazine, Philadelphia, Pa. Vol. XIV THE RISE OF THE NEG AND ITS BEAR SOCIAL LIFE. The Upper Crust or Is Drifting Away Element. An Able and Interesting As Editor of McGirt's Maga The average American is blissfully ignorant of the vast change that has gone on in the social life of the Negro race during the last forty years. His information is based chiefly upon the larger period of Negro history in America which is included between the dates of 1619-1863, the slave period. As a matter of fact, the Negroes were never on the same level intellectually, morally or socially, even in the days of slavery. There have always existed social groupings within the great mass, but to the outside world and for practical purposes, it may be stated with approximate truth that at the end of the Civil War the great mass of Negroes formed, as a whole, the lowest social group in America. But in the forty years that have followed there have gone on gradually very definite changes in the social life of the Colored population. These changes may be best illustrated by the use of the official enumerations of the United States census. In the first place, whereas the great mass forty years ago was a race of ignorance, comprehending only one class, namely, the illiterate, there are today two great classes gradually merging into each other, the illiterate and the literate, and the latter class is the larger. In forty years the Negroes have cut their illiteracy in half. So far as statistics are known, though there has never been in the history of the world a race of people occupying the position which the Negro did, entire illiteracy, that has reduced its illiteracy by more than 50 per cent in one generation. In the rise from total ignorance to comparative intelligence in this short space of time, the Negro has done what the Israelites, as a race never did, nor the Egyptians, nor the Romans, nor even the Greeks during all their long and glorious career. The Negroes have done what it took the Frenchman, the German, the Englishman, a century to do. The Negroes have done what, with all their culture, their opportunity, and boasted Caucasian superiority, the Portuguese, the Prussians, the Roumanians, the Servians, and other European peoples, have not even to this day. For if the records which these nations themselves have made contain any truth, there is today a greater proportion of illiteracy in these countries among these "superior" white people than among the Negroes of the United States of America. One would hardly believe it, but it is nevertheless true. That of the Greeks, who are descendants of the illustrious Homer, Sophocles, Demosthenes, Socrates, Plato, and other illustrious poets, authors; and of the Italians, who point back with just pride to their Virgil, Horace, Plantius, Cicero, and Caesar, today one-third of their vigorous young men and women can not read or write their names whereas in our Northern States, a least, where alone the Negroes have had full opportunities, for education, a much larger proportion is able to read and write their names than those of boasted classic lands. But the growth of the Negro upper class is not characterized merely by the rudiments of knowledge, such as reading and writing, since Negroes have shown a capacity for the very highest learning of which mankind is capable. Even before slavery was abolished, Negroes had graduated from Harvard, Dartmouth, and Oberlin, and graduated with honors. There is scarcely a school of reputation in the North which the Negro has not attended and in which he has not won honors. Twice a Negro been class orator of Harvard College, our oldest, largest and most famous institution of learning. Negroes have won the highest honors for scholarship which are conferred upon American students, in being elected Phi Beta Kappa men from Harvard, Yale, Brown, Cornell, and other noted American colleges. Negroes have sustained the relations of fellowship in the greatest American universities, and delivered lectures to Caucasian students; Negroes have sustained fair reputations in foreign universities, until today the great State of Pennsylvania, the second greatest State in the Union, has as her representative of the Cecil Rhodes scholarship at Oxford University a Negro graduate of Harvard University. Surely this race can no longer be characterized as an ignorant race. In the second place, there has gone on gradually an almost miraculous increase in wealth. Forty years ago, as a race, the Negroes were in poverty; fifty years ago, the Negroes were themselves property—forbidden by law to own real estate in the States where most of them were born. There are no accurate data concerning the wealth of the race, and it is possible that any attempt to estimate it must fail to do the subject justice. We do know that thousands of Negroes, born in log cabins, are now the owners of substantial residences, with all modern improvements; many Negroes own the farms on which they were born as slaves, and not a few own the mansions in which their masters once lived. According to the census taken eight years ago, Negroes cultivate farms, which they own, having an acreage of over 16,000,000 acres, a larger acreage of the States of Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut put together, or the Kingdom of Holland, or Belgium, or of Italy. In the State of Georgia alone, more than a million acres of land are owned by the descendants of black slaves; in the State of Mississippi, black men own more farms than white men and in the whole United States over 374,000 homes are owned by the descendants of slaves, and if the United States census be true a larger proportion of these are paid for than of the whites of our country. Seventy-three per cent of the homes of Negroes are unincumbered. In Virginia, Negroes own the largest number of homes,46,268 are owned in that State; while Texas is a close second, with 33,292 homes owned; North Carolina comes third, 29,019 homes owned, and Mississippi comes fourth, with 28,855 homes owned; South Carolina comes fifth, with 26,870, and Georgia sixth, with 26,636 homes, being followed by Alabama, Tennessee, and Louisiana, with 23,536, 21,023, 20,453 homes, respectively, owned by Negroes. Of farm homes owned by Negroes, Virginia is also first, with 27,450 homes owned; Mississippi is second, with 20,439, and Texas a close third, with 20,126, while South Carolina, North Carolina, Alabama, and Georgia follow, respectively. blem—what are we going to this group? Can republicans "the home of the free and of the brave," ask this group its loyalty to the republic and prive it of the privileges of lie? Whether justly or not tainly true that an ignorant group is always ruled by the and rich group; and so it has the Negroes. It is also true utterly impossible for any person an intelligent and wealthy girl subjection that they keep and ignorant one. Intelligent wealth have never in the world suffered oppression long the Negroes of this country; these two respects will the stronger position to defend The first step in this defense pression of impatience and It is chiefly under social and limitations. If the transitio This is no small progress. In half a dozen cities in this country Negroes own $5,000,000 worth of property. In our large cities Negroes are moving out of the slums into the wide, breezy, asphalted streets, while some, in Chicago for instance, live in large brownstone and graystone houses, valued as high as $25,000, without incumbrance. With regard to personal property, definite information is more difficult to obtain. Bank stock, railroad, stock, and trust stock in some of our largest corporations are owned by Negroes. The country has developed at least two Negro millionaires, one of whom died and left over a million dollars to charity. Closely connected with the development of business, the United States census in 1900 gave 275,149 Negroes engaged in manufacturing and mechanical pursuits, and 209,154 in trade and transportation. Some of the other figures of this census may be instructive. There were 182 bankers and brokers and 150 officials in banks and companies, 1,165 manufactures and officials, 9,098 retail merchants and dealers, 149 wholesale merchants, 2,099 salesmen, over 7,000 bookkeepers, clerks, and stenographers, 187 commercial producers, etc. But possibly the most interesting and far-reaching development has been the development of a Negro professional group. Today there are more than 50,000 Negroes in the various professions. In forty short years the race has developed more than 2,000 physicians and surgeons, 800 lawyers, 25,000 teachers and professors, 20,000 clergymen, 236 artists. 52 architects, designers, and draughtsmen, 210 journalists, 212 dentists, 185 electricians, 120 engineers, 3,921 musicians, 2,043 actors and actresses, showmen, and a hundred literary men, and others of the professional group scarcely heard of before the war. Not only has there been a large increase of persons of the male sex in the professions, but also of the female sex; for there were in 1900, according to the official count of the United States census, 15,601 Negro females numbered among the professions in this country. They were engaged as follows: Two hundred and sixty-two actresses and showwomen, etc.; 86 artists and teachers of art; 164 ministers of the Gospel; 7 dentists; 1 electrician; 1 civil engineer and surveyor; 11 journalists; 10 lawyers; 25 literary and scientific persons; 1,185 musicians and teachers of music; 50 government officials (post-mistresses); professors in schools and colleges; 160 physicians and surgeons, and 114 in other professions. These professional men and women received their training in some of the largest and best institutions in America and Europe, and have by competition won the places they now hold—a practical monoply of the Negro trade. Many of them have acquired affluent wealth thereby. As is natural, the growth in intelligence and wealth and the differentiation in occupation have resulted in the creation of a distinctively upper class among the Negroes, based not so much upon the past, traditions, ancestry, or even inheritance, but founded upon actual efficiency and achievement. It is the upper class which forms the leadership and the public opinion of this Negro group, and upon it very largely depends the course which affairs regarding the Negro race will take. Now to come to our American pro blem—what are we going to do with this group? Can republican America "the home of the free and the land of the brave," ask this group to continue its loyalty to the republic and yet deprive it of the privileges of the republic? Whether justly or not, it is certainly true that an ignorant and poor group is always ruled by the intelligent and rich group; and so it has been with the Negroes. It is also true that it is utterly impossible for any people to keep an intelligent and wealthy group in the same subjection that they keep the poor and ignorant one. Intelligence and wealth have never in the world's history suffered oppression long; and as the Negroes of this country increase in these two respects will they be in a stronger position to defend themselves. The first step in this defense is the expression of impatience and discontent. It is chiefly under social and economic limitations. If the transition in the treatment is not equal to the transition in the condition, this discontent grows more pronounced. When a group is composed of two or more sub-groups, and the treatment of the whole group is in harmony with standards of the lowest, the highest must chafe under it. So long as the American people class the upper social class of Negroes with the lower social group there must be this discontent. If there is not redress in a reasonable time, this discontent must grow, until it will finally become a cancer on the nation's body. At present the upper classes of the Negroes are still striving upward. Hopeful, optimistic, they are among the best producers and most useful members of the republic. Moreover, many of them are inspired with the missionary spirit, and have turned to help their weaker aand more unfortunate brother. They may be made the most important asset of the republic in solving the black man's problem. If they are given rights as rapidly as they merit them, they will be inspired, and in turn will inspire their fellows in the lower grade. On the other hand, if the country attempts to deny them the rights which, by much toil, they have won—the rights that go with character, intelligence, and wealth—there will not only be no inspiration to the less fortunate brother to advance, but each class will be so filled with resentment and hatred for the republic that the outcome may not be good for either. ARE YOU GUARDING THE JUDI CIAL OFFICE? Does it seem to the casual reader that we are laying undue stress on the importance of the judicial election next month? Try the personal equation, Mr. Voter! What does it mean to YOU to have incorruptible judges on the bench? How are YOUR PERSONAL INTERESTS affected? Has the power of a judge any possible bearing on YOUR personal liberty, YOUR property interests, YOUR rights of citizenship If you study the situation, Mr. Voter, from the viewpoint of your own PERSONAL RIGHTS you will find it impossible to exaggerate the importance of next month's judicial election. You are to choose fourteen Circuit Court judges and one Superior Court judge. They hold office for six years, and we have as yet no recall law in this state. If you make a mistake in choosing a judge you must wait six years to remedy it. Do you realize that the judges have more power than any other officials elected by popular ballot? They can even set aside laws. They can remove other officeholders. They can issue writs of injunction that may cost you thousands in money losses. Let us grant that a majority of judges use these arbitrary powers wisely. It is the minority you should guard against. It is the "political judge" you should defeat with your ballots. It is the judge who uses his high office to serve special interests, or to increase the power of some party machine, that you should refuse re-election. Do not rely on partisan endorsements of judicial candidates. Analyze the tickets. [Name] Influential member of the Finance Committee of the City Council who is more than likely to be selected by the leaders of the Republican party to make the race for Sheriff of Cook County in 1910. If you were voting for a President of the United States you would be vastly interested. You always are, every four years. Try to realize that, potentially, any one of these fifteen new judges to be elected next month holds more power over your life, liberty, or property interests than the President and all the other administrative officials combined. It is an old adage that judges make the laws. There is much truth in the saying. That is, laws are the mere flesh and bones of legislation. It is the judges that vitalize them—that make them things of power—by their decisions. You ought not to rest content with any judge on the bench whose decisions may be influence through motives that you cannot, as a good citizen, approve. You should rid the judiciary of time-serving barnacles who do not look to the people, but to machine politicians, for support. How can a judge of that class represent your interests, through evil or good report? There is one judge seeking reelection next month who does not even take the trouble to make a "popnular" canvass. That is Brentano, the lone Superior Court candidate. Brentano has been a creature of the politicians so long that he knows no other way of getting into office, and holding on to office. You should scan his record closely. Brentano's political bodyguard consists of machine gangsters, divided impartially between the two parties. These men have no use for a "popular" canvass. They carry wards by agreement between themselves. They use the same tactics to pull a "safe" judge through that they do to roll up a "gray wolf" majority. Think seriously about the Judicial Canvass, Mr. Voter! Do you want your judges chosen by ward heels? Study the motives of political gangsters who are sinking factional jealousies in a common effort to send Brentano back to the bench. Why should men who are in constant dread of collisions with the law unite in a strenuous effort to re-elect a judge to their own liking? Therein lies your justification for a personal interest in the coming judicial election. You don't want men on the bench who have other masters to serve you than you and your fel- No.31 OMAS J. DIXON. Committee of the City Council who y the leaders of the Republican party ook County in 1910. low citizens, the plain people. Choose your judges wisely and with serious purpose to elevate and protect the judicial office—From the Chicago Examiner, Friday, May 7, 1909. THE THREE-HUNDREDTH ANNIVERSARY OF THE LANDING OF THE PILGRIMS AND THE FOUNDING OF NEW ENGLAND. By a World's Tercentennial Exposition in Boston in 1920. Great Enterprise on the Part of the Boston Herald. It was exclusively announced in The Herald, of Boston, Mass., April 19th, that a movement was under headway, set on foot by that great newspaper, that the three hundredth anniversary of the landing of the Pilgrims and the founding of New England, would be commemorated by a world's Tercentennial Exposition to be held in Boston in 1920. The Herald, of the day mentioned above contained illustrations of many of the proposed buildings, which it had especially drawn for itself and which appeared in no other newspaper in the New England States, and great enterprise was displayed by The Herald in this respect. The American people, in all sections of this vast land should heartily join hands with the New England States, in assisting to celebrate the three hundredth anniversary, of the landing of the Pilgrims, and The Boston Herald deserves to be highly commended for leading off in the movement. Robert J, Roulston, vice-president of the Chicago Public Library Board, and prominently connected with McNeal, Higgins and Company, wholesale grocers, corner of State and South Water streets, returned home the first of the week from a business and pleasure trip to New York City and Washington, D. C. While in the latter city Mr. Roulston was entertained by Franklin MacVeagh, secretary of the treasury. THE BROADAX PUBLISHED WEEKLY. Will promulgate and at all times uphold the true principle of Democracy, Promptly, Promptly, Priests, In- Boils, Single Taxers, Republicans, or anyone else can have their say, as long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad AX is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in advance. One Year.....$2.00 Six Months.....1.00 Advertising rates made known on application. Address all communications to THE BROAD AX $500 Armour Avenue, Chicago. JULIUS F. TAYLOR, Editor and Publisher. Entered as Second-Class Matter, Aug. 19, 1902 at the Post Office at Chicago, Illinois, under Act of March 3, 1879. REACTION OF OUR WRONGS. That now every day thing of lynching a Negro in some one of the Southern states, for one alleged offence or another, was deviated from just a bit a few days ago when our Southern mob spirit treated Oklahoma to a quadruple lynching of white men. There is really no stopping of the mob spirit. It will not and it does not halt at the color line. Take this political savagery, for example, that lynches the legal voting right of the capable Colored citizen, mobs his political privilege, this thing does not stop satisfied with the injustice done the black man. It passes right on over his prostrate citizenship and lays out, crushed and impotent, the political privileges of the masses of poor whites. Injustice don't draw the color line. It is color blind to white or to black. It crushes either or both, whether whites or blacks, as suits its purpose or design. Nothing could possibly be more evident than that incubating one wrong is but leading up to that spirit which will turn to incubating and to nuturing other wrongs. The general political and moral system becomes tainted and callous and begets increased and increasing evils, all arising from one evil winked at and tolerated, as it may be, from the very beginning. In the outcropping of this spirit is the manifestation of that impurity, political and moral, which underlies all. The very germ and the very core of it all must be reached to accomplish the correction of the evils arising from a polluted system. It is the system that is producing these manifestations and outcroppings and our white civilization is the more than we imagine the sufferer as a result of our peculiar political institutions.—The Southern American, Alexander City, Alabama. SOCIALIST HELD GUILTY OF ABUSING THE MAILS. Fred G. Warren of Appeal to Reason Convicted of Sending Defamatory Fort Scott, Kan., May 6.—Fred G. Warren, managing editor of the Appeal to Reason, a Socialist paper published at Girard, Kan., was found guilty late this afternoon by a jury in the federal court of sending defamatory and scurrilous matter through the mails. Sentence was deferred by Judge Pollock. Warren, who was defended by Clarence S. Darrow of Chicago and Gen. pal. He was indicted two years ago for sending out thousands of envelopes across which was inscribed in red ink this statement: "A reward of $1,000 will be paid to any person who will kidnap ex-Governor Taylor of Kentucky and return him to that state." This declaration was actuated by the decision of the United States Supreme Court holding that the Idaho authorities had not kidnapped Moyer, Haywood and Pettibone in taking them from Colorado to Boise for trial. Former Governor Taylor was here as the star witness for the state, but was questioned briefly by the government and not cross-examined at all. He stated that the offer of reward was no thrust at him personally, but was rather aimed as a blow at the courts. He said in an interview he would never return to Kentucky to live. The defense was greatly surprised at the opening of the trial to discover that Taylor, who was lately pardoned by Governor Willison of Kentucky for connection with the Goebel murder, was to be one of the witness- 1 of old soldiers, who were nearly all Republicans. Not a Socialist was on the jury, and several members stated they were prejudiced against Socialism. Warren's defense was that he had as much right as a private citizen to offer a reward for the capture of any fugitive as sheriffs and chiefs of police, who burden the mails daily with cards containing offers of reward for arrest of certain persons. The jury was out eighteen hours. Warren expressed the hope the jury would convict rather than disagree. The case attracted national attention among Socialists, hundreds of whom were here. CHATEAU RINK NOTES: Prof. Jones of Davenport, Iowa, paid a visit to the Chateau last week. The reception and dance to the Leland Giants on their return from their Sotuhern trip was a grand affair. Many fans and rooters were present. All reported a good time and promised to see the game at the Giants' Park, 79th street and Wentworth avenue, Sunday, May 9, 1909. Game called at 3 p. m. Mrs. E. Givens, Miss Maggie Perrin and Miss Ada Livingston, employees of the Chateau, are on a vacation until the opening of the Chateau Garden, Saturday, May 29th, and wish to see their many friends on that evening. 一 The lucky persons receiving season passes to the Leland Giants Park, May 1st and 2nd, were as follows: Mr. Frank Vernon, B. Collins, L. Givens, M. Smith, J. Meade, A. Donigan, J. Cleary, B. Johnson and E. Burnside. After seeing the Leland Giants' game Sunday, visit their home, the Chateau, in the evening and comment on the game and have a good time. If you don't care to share visit the parlors. Good music and dancing free. We are sorry to say that our secretary and treasurer, Mr. B. F. Moseley, is on the sick list, not being able to be with us. We hope him a speedy recovery. SPECIAL PROGRAM AT INSTITUTIONAL CHURCH. Prof. Ed. Morris has arranged a special musical program for next Sunday morning, beginning at 10:50. Among those who will assist are some of the best musical talent in the city. It is the purpose of the pastor and Mr. Morris to make the Sunday morning service at this church one of special interest. The subject for the sermon will be "The Universal Religion." In order to enjoy the songs, solos, anthems, etc., it will be necessary to be present at the beginning of the service at 10:50 a. m. The evening services at 7:45 p. m. will also be of special interest. The evening choir will furnish the program. The third quarterly meeting will be held Sunday, May 16th, at which time Rev. T. E. Reeves will preside, and at 3 p. m. quarterly communion will be served—"S." Monday evening, May 10th, the Illinois National Guards will give its ninth annual military ball, dress parade and band concert, at the 7th Regiment Armory, 34th street and Wentworth avenue. Admission 50 cents. Col. John R. Marshall will distribute medals among those who prove to be the most proficient in drilling and so on. The 8th Regiment Illinois National Guards is the greatest military Negro organization in the world, and on Monday evening the 7th Regiment Armory should be filled to overflowing by citizens of Chicago who are interested in its success. APPOMATTOX CLUB NOTES President B. F. Moseley and cabl net will meet as usual Sunday bet- ween 5 and 7 p. m. The new club house is a dandy. House warming party now being arranged. FURNISHED OR UNFURNISHED ROOMS TO RENT. Nice furnished or unfurnished rooms to rent. Light house-keeping. Episcopalians preferred. First flat, 4922 Dearborn street. Rates $10.50 to $12.00 per month. The Negro's Citizenship. Its Origin and Growth Result of Civil War. Zigzag Position of Republican Convention of 1868 Which Nominated General Grant. In his "Twenty Years of Congress" Hon. James G. Blaine gives the following sketch of the origin and growth of Negro suffrage, which sketch is interesting at this time because of the proposition to place such restrictions upon the suffrage that thousands of colored and others voters will be distranchised: The Republican victory of 1866 led to the incorporation of impartial suffrage in the constitution of the United States. The evasive and discreditable position in regard to suffrage taken by the national Republican convention that nominated General Grant in 1868 was keenly felt and appreciated by the members of the party when subjected to popular discussion. There was something so obviously unfair and unnily in the proposition to impose Negro suffrage on the southern states by national power and at the same time to leave the northern states free to decide the question for themselves that the Republicans became heartily ashamed of it long before the political canvass had closed. When congress assembled immediately after the election of General Grant there were found to be a common desire and a common purpose among Republicans to correct the unfortunate position in which the party had been placed by the national convention, and to that end it was resolved that suffrage as between the races should by organic law be made impartial in all the states of the Union, north as well as south. Various propositions were at once offered both in the senate and house to amend the constitution of the United States in order to attain impartial suffrage. It was both significant and appropriate that the draft proposed by Mr. Henderson of Missouri was taken as the basis of the amendment first reported to the senate. In the preceding congress when the fourteenth amendment was under consideration (in the spring of 1866) Mr. Henderson had proposed substantially the same provision and had solemnly warned his Republican associates that, though they might reject it then, it would be demanded of them in less than five years. This declaration was all the more suggestive and creditable coming from a senator who represented a former slaveholding state. And it was not forgotten that Mr. Henderson had with equal zeal and equal foresight been among the earliest to propose the thirteenth amendment. Mr. Henderson's proposition, now submitted and referred to the judiciary committee, was in these words: "No state shall deny or abridge the right of its citizens to vote or hold office on account of race, color or previous condition." It was reported from the judiciary committee by Mr. Stewart of Nevada, with an amendment proposing another form of statement—namely, "The right of citizens of the United States to vote and hold office shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any state on account of race, color or previous condition of servitude." During the debate on the question Mr. Hendricks of Indiana reproached the Republican party by forcing this question upon congress when in the platform of principles upon which they appealed for popular support they had distinctly waived it and when the legislature to which it must go for ratification had been elected without the slightest reference to it in the popular mind. In order to prevent what might seem to be an unfair submission of the amendment Mr. Dixon of Connecticut proposed that it should be referred to conventions in the respective states instead of to the legislatures and thus give to the people in the election of members of the conventions a full opportunity to pass upon the merits of the question. It was contended, on the other hand, by Republican senators that no subject had been more fully matured in the popular mind than this had been by the discussion which had taken place since the beginning and especially since the close of the war. But this was not a candid or truthful statement of the case, as had been abundantly shown by the action of the national Republican convention. Only a few of the leaders of the party had openly announced themselves in favor of Negro suffrage in the nation; a few were openly hostile, while the great majority of the prominent members feared it and refrained from open expression in regard to it. The mass of the party, as is usual on questions of this character, had made their own conclusions, and their carneness of conviction finally forced if it did not persuade the reluctant chiefs to adopt it. The house of representatives had been considering the question of the suffrage amendment at equal step with the senate. On Jan. 11 Mr. Boutwell of Massachusetts, from the committee on the judiciary, proposed an amendment to the constitution in these words; "The right of any citizen of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or any state by reason of the race, color or previous condition of slavery of any citizen or class of citizens of the United States. The congress shall have power to enforce by proper legislation the provisions of this article." CHIEF OF TRUE REFORMERS. Brilliant Record of James H. Grawley, Chief of the Order at Brooklyn. It is the consensus of opinion of those who are in position to know that William L. Taylor, president and grand worthy master of the Grand Fountain of the United Order of True Reformers, made no mistake when he appointed James H. Crawley chief of the Brooklyn division of the order at Brooklyn. Few men have labored more faithfully and struggled against greater odds to maintain the good name of the order and to increase its membership in all departments than has Mr. Crawley since his appointment to the Brooklyn field. Knowing Mr. Crawley's deep interest in the work and his adaptability as a leader in extensive movements, the grand master enlarged the chief's territory by including all of Long Island and Staten Island in connection with and under [Picture of a man in a suit and bow tie]. JAMBES H. CRAWLEY. the supervision of the Brooklyn division, so that on Staten Island, at Babylon, Roslyn and Bayshore, N. Y., a splendid work has been accomplished. Mr. Crawley is able assisted in the work by his amiable wife, Mrs. S. A. Crawley, who is the division secretary and also president of the Rosebud work of the division, which has increased in membership from five benefited children in 1903 to about 300 in April, 1909. In the Rosebud, or juvenile, department the children are carefully trained by competent instructors how to conduct their meetings, transact their own business, and especially are they taught the value of a penny and the necessity of unity and loyalty to the order and to their race. In 1908 the Rosebud department contributed $2,000 toward the maintenance of the old folks' home of the order, which is located at Westham farm, about seven miles from Richmond, Va. Besides Chief Crawley's arduous duties in looking after the work of the True Reformers, he is an active church worker and a deacon in the Bethany Baptist church. The division recently celebrated its fifteenth annual reunion with a two nights' public reception, which was held at the hall one night and at the Fleet Street Memorial A. M. E. Zion church the next. Since the last annual report to the grand fountain one more senior fountain and three Rosebuds have been organized. The division is composed of twenty fountains. Ninety-six senior fountain policies, 117 Rosebud policies and five class policies have been issued. There are 102 members in the class department in Brooklyn. The chief has the best interest of the members, as well as the work, at heart. This he makes manifest in the careful manner in which he labors with them to keep them on the books of their fountain and in the classes. The hall, which is under his personal supervision, is kept neat and clean, well heated and lighted as the seasons demand. In the community he is well thought of and relied upon to do what he says and do it in a business way. He is a hard worker and one of the best trained men in the employ of the grand fountain. Fishermen of Galilee Mathias tabernacle, No. 15, of the Grand United Order of the Fisherman of Galllee of the Eastern and Western Hemispheres held a largely attended meeting at Brooklyn, N. Y., recently. The occasion was the installing of the officers of the tabernacle and a reception. Among the visitors from New York city were C. Holland, worthy grand master; James Tappen, grand outside sentinel; Mrs. N. E. Holland, grand instelling mistress. The officers installed by Mrs. N. E. Holland were Brother John Harris, most worshipful ruler; Edward Mason, most worthy associate; Nora Johnson, chaplain; Fannie Robinson, instructor; Alice Brown, treasurer; R. Zeno, financial secretary; Stella Robinson, recording secretary; Brother J. D. Moore, outside sentinel; Maria Hamlin, inside sentinel; Brother Robert Hamlin, conductor. Mrs. Tania Jones, the past worthy ruler, was presented with a jewel of the order. Mrs. Vanden Murry is the founder of the tabernacle, which was organized in September, 1908. It has a membership of 137 and a good bank account. A collation was served after the installation. Women Against Saloons. The Kings County Woman's Christian Temperance union, numbering over 800 women, in its April executive session recently voted unanimously to send a protest to Albany, N. Y., to oppose the passage of any bill tending to weaken the present Sunday laws. A strong protest was also made against the Conklin bill (assembly No. 1105), which alms to allow saloons within 200 feet of a private school if the managers of such schools consent. CHIPS Mr. Al. Wilson of Boston, Mass., is visiting the city this week. Miss Essie Arnold the charming daughter of the Eight Regiment, is on the sick list this week. A large number of Chicago's Elite attended the K. of P. Ball last Monday evening and enjoyed themselves hugely. Mrs. C. B. Barley will spend a week or two with her friends Mmes. Lively and Williams, 6618 Vernon Ave. before leaving for the East. Dr. U. G. Daily will address the Literary Society at Bethel Church, Sunday afternoon, at 4 o'clock. All are invited to attend. Mrs. George C. Hall will tell of her delightful southern trip, at the Fred's Douglass Center, Tuesday evening, May 11th. Come out and her her. Attorney James N. Tilton, has removed his law offices from the Unity Building to rooms 311-318 Hartford Building, 140 Dearborn street. Frank H. Lewis, owner of the Railroad Inn, 51st and Armour Ave., after a very severe spell of sickness is again able to attend to business and to extend the glad hand to his many friends. Judge Edward Osgood Brown, owing to his fair-mindedness and friendship for worthy Afro-Americans, will receive the votes of hundreds of Colored men in his successful race for re-election to the Circuit Court bench. J. E. Bish, ex-member of the Legislature of Ill., and assistant city smoke inspector, is ever ready to pay out his money to assist to support newspapers whose editors do not have so much trouble in getting them out each and every week. Judge Charles M. Walker is well and favorably known to every Afro-American lawyer in this city, and they and many hundreds of other Colored men will assist to roll up a big majority for him at the Judicial election June 8th. Alexander Sullivan, the noted Irish-American attorney, has removed his law offices from the Atwood Building to suite 1511 Ashland block. Phone Randolph 3145, and he is now amply prepared to transact all the law business that hoves in sight. Three of our leading social Misses, chaperoned by a distinguished matron and accompanied by two gentlemen recently attended a private seance The time they had was both thrilling and amusing. We may tell all about it in our next issue. Mr. M. B. Brent and Dr. D.E. Bass, former citizens of this community but now of Culiacan Sinaloa, Mexico, are in the city visiting friends. Both gentlemen report Mexico a fine place in which to live and prosper but they will run to Chicago whenever they wish a good time. Maj. R. R. Jackson deserves much credit for the great success of the K. of P. Ball, Monday evening. The Major has some great ideas for money making amusements and we think the management of some of our charitable Institutions will do well if they can enlist his services for that purpose. Mr. J. W. Anderson, formerly of 79 East 32nd street, has taken apartments in the recently purchased home of Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Roberts at 3231 Vernon avenue. Mr. and Mrs. Roberts are the parents of Miss Maude J. Roberts, the talented young prima donna, who has achieved immense popularity in her vocal and instrumental art. Miss Roberts is also a graduate of Walden University (Tennessee) and of Bryant & Stratton Business College (Chicago). B. H. Johnson, who has been more than successful, with the aid of his good wife, Mrs. Johnson, in the coal and wood and in the general expressing and moving business, recently bought the building in which he is located, 4915 State street. Mr. Johnson is firmly of the opinion that every progressive Colored man should catch on to a piece of property on Dearborn street, Armour avenue and State street while it is cheap. W. S. Cole, who has for, some years successfully conducted a neat cigar, tobacco, notion store and news stand at 354 51st street, has saved enough money out of his business to buy a nice two-flat building at 5438 Dearborn street, near Garfield boulevard and, unlike many Afro-Americans, he keeps his property up in first-class shape, which enables him to receive a good rent from it. George I. Martin, 342 E. 31st street, near State street, manufacturer of fine hand made cigars, dealer in smoking and chewing tobacco, who also handles fresh home made candies, post cards and newspapers, has by sticking close to business all along the line worked up a fine trade in the past few years, and at the present time he is selling each week many more copies of The Broad Ax than any other news dealer in town. Congress appropriated $993,000 for the white schools of the District of Columbia and $20,000 for the Colored schools. The Negro population is one-third, which would figure $331,000 against $30,000 for the education of an equal number of whites and blacks, which figured by black arithmetic means that as the amount for Colored children is about one-tenth as much as for white children, it takes ten times as much to give the white boy the same education as the black boy. If southern congressmen's children constitute the majority of the white pupils, we can readily understand why it takes so much more effort and money to educate them, as they are chips off the old block-heads.—Ex. STEAM HEATED FLAT FOR RENT. Five room steam heated flat, hot and cold water, gas range, gas and btht, for rent. Apply to Geo, Maxfield, 6028 Aberdeen street. The Spanish train averages possibly twenty miles an hour—to allow one to make time exposures of the scenery perhaps. It makes frequent and long waits. At every station the guards run up and down, shouting the name of the town and the number of minutes for each stop. At every station also the two military guards who accompany each train descend and walk around the cars, looking to see that no robbers are concealed. As there is at least one stop an hour these guards get some exercise before the day is over. They say this custom was adopted to drive away any brigands who might be concealed in or under the train and that it has been successful. These military guards are very fine looking men and wear an impressive uniform. We saw more than one black eyed senorita look approvingly after them as they passed by.—Outing Magazine. Getting at the Truth. At twenty-three he thought fate was making a special effort to keep him down. At thirty-five he thought he might have done great things if his wife had not been such a handicap. At forty he believed he would have been a great man if his children had not made it necessary for him to cling to the sure things. At fifty he was positive that there was a conspiracy against him on the part of his fellow men. At sixty he felt that if he could have been thirty-five again nothing could have stopped him. At seventy he began to believe that he had failed because of a lack of courage and inability to make the most of his opportunities. At eighty he was almost sure of it.—Chicago Record-Herald. Savages. In the New Hebrides are many islands whose interiors have never been visited by Europeans, for the simple reason that to attempt to do so would be to court certain death at the hands of the treacherous and vindictive natives. A little to the north of Assam, too, almost within sight of the tea gardens and the pretty bungalows of the planters, is the country of the Padamites, wherein no white man has dared to set his foot for at least 600 years past. Punishment and Crime "She seems to be having a pretty good time now that she and her husband are separated," whispered the three girls in the corner as she entered the room. "I don't blame her," said one. "He beat her, didn't he?" They looked her over again. they looked her over again. "Well, I don't blame him for beating her," the third declared, "if she dressed like that. That red is awful."—Exchange. "An Atchison girl had a proposal of marriage and asked a week to think it over. She went to all of her married sisters. One, who used to be a belle, had three children, did all her own work and hadn't been to the theater or out riding since she was married. Another, whose husband was a promising young man at the time she was married, was supporting him. A third didn't dare say her life was her own when her husband was around, and a fourth was divorced. After visiting them and hearing their woes the heroine of this little tale went home, got pen, ink and paper and wrote an answer to the young man. You may think it was refusing him, but it wasn't. She said she could be ready in a month."—Atchison. Globe. North Fork Coal & Iron Co. 3724 STATE ST., CHICAGO, ILL. 2 GREAT FREE OFFERS: The shears and spoons supplied and guaranteed by the HAMILTON SILVER CO., Factory B, Muncie, Ind. This Offer of THE BROAD AX will Appeal Especially to Women Self-Tightening Shears Everybody Get Busy And take advantage of these splendid offers made to old and new subscribers of THE BROAD AX alike. ```markdown ``` Famous W. H. Rogers Brand, warranted solid silver metal, beautifully finished. No plating to wear off. SET OF 6 TEASPOONS solutely guaranteed by manufacture forever. Solid silver metal through cannot tarnish. ers' silverware needs no introduce american public. For more than 5 standard, it is recognized the work very best there is made. The nansamped on a piece of silverware rep highest type of skill, workmanship a Restionably the Daintiest and acceptable Premium Ever Offer Absolutely guaranteed by manufacturers to wear forever. Solid silver metal throughout They cannot tarnish. Rogers' silverware needs no introduction to the American public. For more than 50 years the standard, it is recognized the world over as the very best there is made. The name Rogers stamped on a piece of silverware represents the highest type of skill, workmanship and material. By Any Newspaper GUARANTEE Date of Sale ..... If this pair of Shears breaks or in any way becomes defective within five years from date of purchase, they will be replaced with a new pair without cost. HAMILTON SILVER CO., Factory B, Muncie, Ind. How to get a pair of these Shears absolutely free: First, Send us one new subscriber to The Broad Ax for one year, $2.00, or two subscribers for six months at $1.00 each, and 15 cents to cover the express charges for the Shears, or 25 cents for the Spoons, and either one of these beautiful presents will be forwarded, and The Broad Ax for one year. THE BROAD AX, 5038 Armour Avenue, Chicago, Ill. NOTICE THE GUARANTEE GIVEN BY THE HAMILTON SILVER CO. CAN YOU BEAT IT? The Broad Ax, 5088 Armour Ave., Chicago, IL: Enclosed herewith please find $2.00, for which please send me The Broad Ax for one year, or to the names given below for six months, and send me at once one pair of Self-Tightening Shearx, as advertised. Tuis Splendid Set of W. H. Rogers' GUARANTEED Silver Teaspoons FREE!! To the Subscribers of The BROAD AX our desire to add 500 or 1,000 new subso The Broad Ax within the next few and in order to do so we are offering beautiful sets practically free of cost to son who will comply with the condi-ow. BROAD AX, 5038 Armour Avenue, Chicago, Ill. herewith please find $2.00, for which plaese The Broad Ax for one year, or to the names new for six months each, and send me at once. Please paid, one six-piece set of Rogers Solid Spoons, ss advertised. SILVER CO., Factory B, Muncie, Ind. Especially to Women g Shears It is our desire to add 500 or 1,000 new subscribers to The Broad Ax within the next few months and in order to do so we are offering these beautiful sets practically free of cost to each person who will comply with the conditions below. THE BROAD AX, 5038 Armour Avenue, Chicago, Ill. Enclosed herewith please find $2.00, for which please send me The Broad Ax for one year, or to the names given below for six months each, and send me at once. free, postage paid, one six-piece set of Rogers Solid Silver Metal Spoons, as advertised. THE ADJUSTABLE TENSION SHEARS SHOULDER THE USEFULNESS. OF THE SHEARS. A FUN-YEAR GUARANTEE CERTIFICATE ACCOMPANIES EACH PAIR OF THESE SHEARS. BIG VIEW SHOWING TENSION SHEARS. U.S. PATENT NO. 299882. OWNED & CONTROLLED BY HAMILTON SILVER CO. FACTORY B MUNCIE, IND. t Busy rs made to old and new AX alike. WM. D. NEIGHBORS & CO REAL ESTATE AT LOWEST PRICES Easiest Terms to be had in Chicago Loans on first and second Mortgages Fire Insurance placed in any company Renting Department 45th and Evans Ave., 8 Rooms, 1st and Gas, Steam-heated, Rents... 5021 Armour Av., 6 Rooms, 1st Flat 37 E. 37th St., 8 Room (House) 2 st. heated, ... 4516 State St., 6 Rooms, 2nd Flat 358 F. 33rd St., 3 Rooms 1st Flat 358 E. 33rd St., 3 Rooms, 2nd and Stove-heated, ... 3452 Wabash Ave., 10 Rooms, Stove-nace-heated, 5022 Dearborn, 6 rooms, 2nd flat, 5024 Dearborn, 6 rooms, 2nd flat, 3618 Calumet Ave., 8 rooms, (house-nace-heated) 4412 Dearborn St., 6 rooms, 1st flat 4414 Dearborn St. 6 rooms, 1st flat Main Office: Suite 64, 95 Washington St., CHICAGO "PHONE 4360 AGENTS Can Make From $5.00 It is the Best Seller That Has 'A NEW BOOK HAS MADE' By Giles B. Jackson and D. W. This book is a novel. It can never before published. It takesious, ethological, domestic, inverse of the Negro. One of its most of the Negro, why he is black a Although it contains over 400 tions the price has been placed for board back; $1.50, cloth b Liberal arrangements will be wanted throughout the country. Jackson, 602 N. 2nd St., Rich secure this book from the h $1.00, $1.50 or $2.50 to R. T. Richmond, Va. Postage 13c ext BASE BAY The Summer Schedule at 7 Leland V LOGAN SQUARES—May 9th, June 9th, WEST ENDS—June 6th, 19th, Aug. GUNTHERS—June 5th, 13th, July ANSON COLTS—June 20th, July MILWAUKEE—June 26th, Aug. 8 After the Game Visit the Open 5324 State Street. Rooms, 1st Flat Bath & Gas, 5th Room (House) 2 story, Bath & Gas Rooms, 2nd Flat Bath and Gas, 5th Rooms, 1st Flat, Bath and Gas, 5th Rooms, 2nd and 3rd Flats, Bath 10 Rooms, Stone Front, Bath and Rooms, 2nd flat, Bath and Gas, 5th Rooms, 2nd flat, Bath & Gas, 5th 8 rooms, (house) 2 Story, Bath 6 rooms, 1st flat, Bath & Gas, 5th 6 rooms, 1st flat, Bath & Gas, 5th INGTS WANT From $5.00 to $2.00 Seller That Has Ever Been Up BOOK HAS MADE ITS APPROVED History' of the Negro Race of the Jackson and D. Webster Davis & Lovely. It contains matter co- published. It takes up the indust- domestic, inventive and busi- One of its most important fea- ture he is black and why his hair contains over 400 pages, with a has been placed within the read- $1.50, cloth bound and $2.5 ments will be made with age out the country. For terms w 2nd St., Richmond, Va. Pric from the home office can 2.50 to R. T. Hill, Treasurer, postage 13c extra. USE BALL 19 Summer Schedule at 79th and Wentworth Grand Giant vs. May 9th, June 12th, Aug. 7th June 6th, 19th, Aug. 1st and 14th. 5th, 13th, July 31st, Sept. 12th June 20th, July 18th, Aug. 29th, June 26th, Aug. 8th, 28th and Sept. Visit the Open Air Musical En- dition at 44 State Street. Phone Went. 2 45th and Evans Ave., 8 Rooms, 1st, 2nd and 3rd Flats, Bath and Gas, Steam-heated. Rents ..... $37.50 5021 Armour Av., 6 Rooms, 1st Flat Bath & Gas, Stove-heated, $17.00 37 E. 37th St., 8 Room (House) 2 story, Bath & Gas, Furnace-heated, ..... $35.00 4516 State St., 6 Rooms, 2nd Flat Bath and Gas, Stove-heated, $20.00 358 E. 33rd. St., 3 Rooms 1st Flat, Bath and Gas, Stove-heated, $15.00 358 E. 33rd St., 3 Rooms, 2nd and 3rd Flats, Bath and Gas, Stove-heated, ..... $16.00 5022 Dearborn, 6 rooms, 2nd flat, Bath & Gas, Stove-heated .. $18.00 5024 Dearborn, 6 rooms, 2nd flat, Bath & Gas, $_{0}$ve-heated .. $18.00 3618 Calumet Ave., 8 rooms, (house) 2 Story, Bath & Gas, Furnace-heated .. $30.00 4412 Dearborn St., 6 rooms, 1st flat, Bath & Gas, Stove-heated, $20.00 4414 Dearborn St. 6 rooms, 1st flat, Bath & Gas, Stove-heated, $20.00 AGENTS WANTED AGENTS WANTED Can Make From $5.00 to $25.00 a day It is the Best Seller That Has Ever Been Upon the Market A NEW BOOK HAS MADE ITS APPEARANCE "The Industrial History'of the Negro Race of the United States" By Giles B. Jackson and D. Webster Davis of Richmond, Va. This book is a novelty. It contains matter concerning the race never before published. It takes up the industrial, social, religious, ethological, domestic, inventive and business advancements of the Negro. One of its most important features is the origin of the Negro, why he is black and why his hair curls. Although it contains over 400 pages, with about 100 illustrations the price has been placed within the reach of all at $1.00 for board back; $1.50, cloth bound and $2.50, half morocco. Liberal arrangements will be made with agents. 10,000 are wanted throughout the country. For terms write to Giles B. Jackson, 602 N. 2nd St., Richmond, Va. Parties desiring to secure this book from the home office can send the price $1.00, $1.50 or $2.50 to R. T. Hill, Treasurer, 602 N. 2nd St., Richmond, Va. Postage 13c extra. LOGAN SQUARES—May 9th, June 12th, Aug. 7th and 15th. WEST ENDS—June 6th, 19th, Aug. 1st and 14th. GUNTHERS—June 5th, 13th, July 31st, Sept. 12th. ANSON COLTS—June 20th, July 18th, Aug. 29th, Sept. 19th. MILWAUKEE—June 26th, Aug. 8th, 28th and Sept. 26th. After the Game Visit the Open Air Musical Emporium. 5324 State Street. Phone Went. 215. Lofer the law firm thought this were unemployed and were for charity. Lofer the law firm isn't it? Lofer the law firm means work—London. Women The musketeer recently given nurses for the defence Hospital and the school For Nurses at Providence social and financial success. The Afro-American physicians who are adding the hospital movement are very much encouraged at the progress of the new venture, and they speak words of praise and gratitude for the part which the women are taking to assist in maintaining this much needed institution among our people. Power of Public Sentiment. It ought to be clear to most thinking Negroes by this time that the federal laws which are supposed to throw the mantle of protection around them are mere subterfuges and that their efficacy, as laws is subordinate to the strong public sentiment which has gathered strength and power since the day they were placed in the constitution. He Believed in the Cream. Some one was telling an Irishman that somebody had eaten ten saucers of ice cream, whereupon he shook his head. "So you don't believe it, eh?" With a sly nod the Irishman said, "Ol behave in the crame, but th' divil a bit in th' saucers!" "even unnurt now an brains out because you jilted him the other night" said girl friend No.1. "He came over and proposed to me." "Did he?" replied girl friend No.2. "Then he must have got rid of them in some other way." ```markdown ``` t, 2nd and 3rd Flats, Bath ..... $37.50 Bath & Gas, Stove-heated, $17.00 Story, Bath & Gas, Furnace- ..... $35.00 Bath and Gas, Stove-heated, $20.00 Bath and Gas, Stove-heated, $15.00 3rd Flats, Bath and Gas, ..... $16.00 One Front, Bath and Gas, Fur- ..... $60.00 Bath and Gas, Stove-heated.. $18.00 Bath & Gas, Stove-heated..... $18.00 2 Story, Bath & Gas, Fur- ..... $30.00 Bath & Gas, Stove-heated, $20.00 Bath & Gas, Stove-heated, $20.00 WANTED 200 to $25.00 a day Ever Been Upon the Market MAKE ITS APPEARANCE "Gro Race of the United States" Webster Davis of Richmond, Va. ains matter concerning the race is up the industrial, social, religi- tive and business advancements important features is the origin and why his hair curls. On pages, with about 100 illustra- within the reach of all at $1.00 round and $2.50, half morocco. made with agents. 10,000 are For terms write to Giles B. mond, Va. Parties desiring to home office can send the price Hill, Treasurer, 602 N. 2nd St., a. ALL 1909 th and Wentworth Avenue Giants S. 12th, Aug. 7th and 15th. 1st and 14th. 31st, Sept. 12th. 18th, Aug. 29th, Sept. 19th. 28th and Sept. 26th. Air Musical Emporium. Phone Went. 215. Established 1877. Phone Oakland 459-459 John J. Dunn COAL WOOD Wholesale and Repair Dealer In... Fifty-First St. and Amour Ave. Bax. Yard: 200 1 & 2 & 3 & 4 St. Jardin St. and Amour Ave. (815) 654-6540 A Pleasant Winter Evening. ARE YOU IN SEARCH OF ONE? Then Visit the "Chateau," 5324 State Street, Tonight. There is a fine Picture Show, Roller Skating, Dancing and superb music, refreshments and a jolly good time for good people. No proscription. Special prize program every Saturday and Sunday. Admission, 10 cents—one dime LELAND GIANTS' BASE BALL AND AMUSEMENT ASS'N. Cause For Regret. "I licked the stuffin' out o' Dick Smith this mornin'" "You bad boy! Aren't you sorry for it?" "Yessum—awful sorry. I jest found out that he's goin' ter have a birthday party tomorrow."—Cleveland Leader. "No, sah. It's been sent up several times, but never in a balloon, sah!"— Yonkara Stah Branch Office 3220 State Stree PATRICK H. O'DONNELL WILLIAM DILLON CLARENCE A. TOOLEN Tel. Central 4000 O'Dennell, Dillon & Toolen ATTORNEYS AT LAW Suite 1218-1219 Ashland Block RANDOLPH & CLARK STREETS CHICAGO JAMES J. GRAY ATTORNEY AT LAW Suite 1518 Ashland Block RANDOLPH AND CLARK STREETS CHICAGO Tel. Central 4723 Residence 87 MacNister Place Telephone Ashland 368 Office Telephones Central 1389 Automatic 5040 MILES J. DEVINE ATTORNEY AT LAW Suite 318-320 Reaper Block CLARK AND WASHINGTON STS. CHICAGO. Phone Main 4153 NOTARY PUBLIC Phone residence. Gray 5670 ATTORNEY AT LAW Suite 708, 171 Washington St. Res., 4856 Langley Av. CHICAGO JOHN E. OWENS ATTORNEY & COUNSELOR .AT LAW 389 ASHLAND.BLOCK A. D. GASH Affligence at Law, 34-06 La Salle Street, Chicago Suite 656 to 619, Telephone Main 3077. Dr. W. E. MACKEY 4842 Armour Avenue. Phone, Blue 6571. CHICAGO. Hours: 9 to 12 a. m.; 1 to 4 p. m.; and Nights. J. GARNER Tel. Douglas 320 FINE WINES, LADJORS AND CIGARS 8000 State Street CHICAGO Phone Oakland 1538 F. A. Rawlins The Modern Embalmer UNDERTAKER AND FUNERAL DIRECTOR When his work is finished you have no displeasure. 4817 State Street CHICAGO Phone Douglas 1539 THE BROAD AX CAN BE FOUND ON SALE AT THE FOLLOWING NEWS STANDS. From on and after this date, The Broad Ax can be found on sale at the following news stands: A. F. Tervalon, a cigar store and news stand, 5004 State street. George L. Martin, maker of one cigars, and news stand, 342 31st street, near State. Mrs. Nellie Phelps, cigars, notions and news stand, 131 W. 51st street, near Dearborn. W. S. Cole, cigars, tobacco and news stand, 354 31st street. J. R. Peters, cigars, tobacco, laundry office and news stand, 333 37st street. T. B. Hall, laundry office, cigars, tobacco and news stand, 281 29th street. Mrs. A. E. Baker, notions, cigars and news stand, 419 38th street. B. Davis, cigars, tobacco and news stand, 2632 State street. B. D. Burt, cigars, notions and news stand, 2636 State street. R. A. Jones news stand and barber shop, 4537 State street. L. W. Washington, Chicago Beach Hotel, Hyde Park. MARKED GROWTH OF Y.W.C.A. West Fifty-third Street Branch at New York Has Capable Officers. The growth in membership, interest, finance and personal helpfulness to the members of the West Fifty-third street branch of the Young Women's Christian association at New York is very encouraging. The executive committee and subcommittees are headed by capable women, who have the best interest of the work at heart and who are striving to make the association a place of social purity, culture and refinement for the members and the many strangers and visitors who come to the city from time to time. At the recent Easter exercises the assembly rooms were crowded at an early hour. The opening was conducted by Mrs. Emma S. Ransom, Mrs. Virginia E. Scott was in charge of the program, which included these numbers: Chorus, "Conquering King," by Y. W. C. A. choir; Miss Elizabeth Edwards, Mrs. Maggie Clay, Miss Hattie Montague, Miss Lula Gales, Miss Hodsden, Miss Eugenia Ezelle, Miss Loraline Briggs, Mrs. R. Seon, Mrs. R. L. Cox in solos, and recitations were given by Mrs. M. R. Tate, Miss Gussie Hunter, Miss Martha Venable, Mrs. F. Miles, Mrs. M. L. Carter, Mrs. V. E. Scott and Miss Aramantha Hodsden were the accompanists. Charles Hill and Mr. Simeon were the violinist and cornetist respectively. ENTHUSIASM FOR Y. M. C. A. Opportunity to Hear Mr. Douglass and Miss Effie E. Grant Appreciated. Interest is at high pitch in the forthcoming spring recital of the Carlton avenue branch of the Young Men's Christian association, which is to be held at Memorial hall, Flatbush avenue and Schermerhorn street, Brooklyn, on Thursday evening, April 29, Joseph H. Douglass, grandson of Frederick Douglass, will be one of the chief attractions on the occasion. The Boston Globe said not long ago: "The most finished violin performer of the colored race is Joseph H. Douglass, grandson of the late Frederick Douglass of Washington. The young man has a worldwide reputation as a violinist. He inherited his talent for the violin from his grandfather, who was a great lover of the instrument and was himself a violinist of considerable ability, as was also his son, Charles Douglass, father of Joseph." Miss Effle E. Grant, a soprano singer of the Yale Conservatory of Music at New Haven, Conn., will also make her first appearance before a Brooklyn audience. Other prominent artists taking part will be H. L. Pryor, dramatic reader, of New York; Hollis Smith, the wonderful boy soprano; the Academy Male Quartet, Albert S. Williams, the able pianist; William R. Smith, tenor soloist, and Professor J. F. R. Wilson, accompanist. O'TOOLE'S HARD LUCK. Horse Which He Had Ridden Was Not Properly Upholstered. After the big parade in New York on St. Patrick's day on one occasion Felix O'Toole, who had been one of the marshals and who had proudly ridden past the reviewing stand with head erect and chest expanded, called on his sweetheart, Katie. O'Flynn, to find out if she had seen and recognized him in the parade. When Felix entered Katie's little sitting room he greeted her effusively. "Good mornln', Felix. Come in and sit down," she said. "For some reason Felix preferred to stand. "Did ye see me on horseback in th' prade yistidy, Katie?" he asked eagerly. "Ol did that," said Katie, "an ye looked foine, Felx, sure, an' ye did. Sit down, Felx. Ol watched ye fer two squares, an' Ol would have follered yer division, but Ol couldn't get through th' crowd, it was so dinez. Why don't ye sit down, Felx? Phwat ar' ye standin' there fer, l'anin' on th' mantel lookin' lolke an lijut? Sit down!" she commanded. "Katie, darlint, Ol can't sit down today nor for sum tome, Ol fear, bekase the horse Ol wuz a-ridin' yistidn't wasn't properly upholstered on th' top av his back, an' Ol'm not falln' in a sittin' humor. Ol prefers fer to shtand." Proud He Voted For Bryan. At a recent civil service examination in one of the departments in Washington a cadaverous clay enter from the backwoods of Georgia, who had troubled the waters several times before without so much as producing a ripple, was asked by the examiner if he were a grammarian. He straightened up to his full height, shifted his "chawing terbacker" to his left jaw and replied, with a look of injured pride in his face: "No, suh. Ah am a Gawgegian, suh, an Ah voted for Brine, suh, an Ah am proud of it, suh!" The examiner fell on his face and loosened all his new store teeth. New York's Prominent Visitors. Among the many visitors of prominence at New York during Easter week were Dr. William T. Vernon of Washington, Miss Elizabeth C. Carter of New Bedford, Mass.; International Secretary W. A. Hunter of the Y. M. C. A. and Dr. R. D. Stinson of Morris Brown college at Atlanta, Ga. Dr. Stinson said that the school was in a flourishing condition, with an enrollment of a thousand young men and women of the race as students, who are preparing themselves for future usefulness to their race." Register Vernon and Miss Carter were the guests of Dr. and Mrs. R. C. Ransom. In the village church of Comfort, near Pont-Crok, in western Brittany, is a very good specimen of the now rare "wheel of fortune." It is made of wood, with a row of bells on its outer rim and plvoted between a couple of rough beams, altogether very primitive workmanship. By means of a cord attached to a crank the wheels can be made to revolve and set all the bells a-jangling. I have often heard that the peasants believe that it has miraculous power of healing when rung over the head of a sufferer who has placed a soul in the box to which the rope is padlocked. I received remarkable confirmation of this belief, for while making a photograph a well to do sailor's wife and her husband came into the church and looked round. The woman asked me if I thought there could be any truth in this belief, as her child was very backward in learning to talk. Her nurse, who came from those parts, had advised her to bring the baby and ring the bells of Comfort over his head, when he would be sure to talk. As she was passing she had looked in to see if it was worth trying! -London Chronicle. The Smooth Way. In the last generation Tyler Cobb, Esq., was a well known citizen of North Bridgewater, now Brockton, Mass. He was famous throughout Plymouth county for his witty retorts and dry humor. Never having taken a sea trip, Mr. Cobb one day conceived the idea of making a voyage to New York. Accordingly he sailed from Boston in a small schooner. The first day out a storm was encountered and Mr. Cobb became violently sick, but after several hours he mustered up courage and strength to look out upon the troubled waters. As he looked from the side of the little ship up the trough of the sea it seemed very smooth to him. The captain's cutting of the waves was senseless, he told himself. But as this mad steering continued the unhappy passenger finally crawled out on hands and knees to where the captain stood at the wheel and, raising his voice above the din of waves and wind, shouted: "Man, man, keep in the ruts, keep in the ruts!" Worked It Off. Just what may happen to a man who isn't strictly honest was illustrated on a street car a few days ago. A man handed the conductor a dollar and asked for a strip of tickets. He received his five tickets; and then the conductor fumbled around for change and managed to make a "mistake." He handed the man two half dollars instead of 75 cents. The man put away the money without saying a word and in a couple of minutes worked his way to the front of the car and got off. "Say, conductor," said an interested observer, "did you know you didn't give that man the right change?" The conductor smiled complacently. "That's all right," he said. If he'd been honest and returned that bad half dollar I'd have given him a good quarter for it. I've been trying to get rid of that piece of money for a week. I guess he deserved to get stung."-Philadelphia Record. Deceitful Appearances. A remarkable experience once befell Mark Twain in Australia, which, he said, determined him never again to judge by appearances. He had just landed at an Australian port, and, to his chagrin, there was no porter in sight to carry his luggage. Seeing a rough looking, badly dressed old fellow leaning idly against a post with his hands in his pockets, the author beckoned to him and said: "See here, if you'll carry these bags up to the hotel I'll give you half a dollar." The man scowled darkly, and, taking three or four golden sovereigns from his pocket, he deliberately threw them into the sea, scowled at Mark Twain again and walked away without a word. Both Tainted. "You are in the employ of that millionaire up on the hill, aren't you?" snapped the sharp faced woman who ran the butter and egg shop. "Yes, ma'm," responded the man in the white apron, "and I want two pounds of butter for my master's table. He said he'd send to town after it, only the roads are so bad." "He did, eh? We, well, we are not particular about his trade. Did you tell him I said his money was tainted?" "Indeed, I did." "And what did he say?" "Said so was your blamed old butter." -Chicago News. A Fixed Law. "You are positive this happened on Tuesday?" demanded counsel. "I am," said the witness. "Sure it was Tuesday?" "Yea." "Why not Thursday or Friday?" "Because we had chicken that day. Chicken day is Tuesday where I board."—Louisville Courier-Journal Actor-All the newspapers say my impersonation of Caesar last night was absolutely real. Rival-Perhaps that's so. Everybody I've met says it certainly wasn't acting. Preserve your just relations to other men. Their misconduct does not affect your duties.-Epictetus. GENE BANK 3 per cent allowed Safety Deposit Va GENERAL BANKING ent allowed on Savings A Deposit Vaults, $3.00 per 3 per cent allowed on Savings Accounts Safety Deposit Vaults, $3.00 per Year REAL ESTATE DEPARTMENT As agent buy and sell Real Estate on or dents, including payment of taxes and l on Chicago Real Estate. Especially Invites the patr Telephone B. H. JO VAN AND E Furniture Moving a Special i4915 STATE STREET M. F. I Plumbing, G Sew 4740 STATE ST Real Estate on commission, manages es- ment of taxes and looking after assessment state. Invites the patronage of Chicago business Telephone Blue 4601 H. JOHNSON AND EXPRE are Moving a Specialty Storage Ware E STREET F. LYNC ing, Gas Fitting Sewerage STATE STREET, CHIC As agent buy and sell Real Estate on commission, manages estates for non-residents, including payment of taxes and looking after assessments. Money to loan on Chicago Real Estate. Especially Invites the patronage of Chicago business men. Telephone Blue 4601 B. H. JOHNSON VAN AND EXPRESS Furniture Moving a Specialty Storage Warehouse i4915 STATE STREET CHICAGO M. F. LYNCH Plumbing, Gas Fitting and Sewerage 4740 STATE STREET, CHICAGO TELEPHONE DREXEL 3638 --- BARTLETT & REAL ESTATE g, Loans and Insu street NOTARY PUBLIC J. S. BARTL Real I Renting, Loans 5126 State Street NOTARY J. S. BARTLETT & SON Real Estate J. S. BARTLETT & SON Real Estate Renting, Loans and Insurance Telephone Oakland 1061 SIDNEY WANZER & SONS 305-7 THIRTIETH ST. Telephone Douglass 017 6313-15 KIMBARK AVE. Telephone Hyde Park 207 New York Vegan Home PURE MILK, PASTEURIZED DELICIOUS CREAM Encouragement. "I have a splitting headache," sign the beautiful young thing. "Have you ever tried magnetic hea- ling?" asks the obliging young man. "No. What is it? "You rest your head, thus, on my shoulder, and I pass my arm about your waist in this manner. Now be perfectly calm and see if this does not believe you." The position is maintained for five or ten minutes, and then the obliging young man asks: "Does your head ache any more?" "Ye-ee." "Well, I sorry I don't seem able to ment. "He headache," sighs thing. Used magnetic healing young man. Read, thus, on my arm about manner. Now be see if this does not contained for five or then the obliging che any more?" Don't seem able to "I made enough street last week to be lot." "Did you buy it?" "Did you buy it?" "Well, no; but I wry York Herald. Why She Is "Why is it," they let your husband have in everything?" "Because," she reps have some one to bla go wrong." Proof "I guess their hon encouragement. "I have a splitting headache," sighs the beautiful young thing. "Have you ever tried magnetic healing?" asks the obliging young man. "No. What is it?" "You rest your head, thus, on my shoulder, and I pass my arm about your waist in this manner. Now be perfectly calm and see if this does not relieve you." The position is maintained for five or ten minutes, and then the obliging young man asks: "Does your head ache any more?" "Ke-e-e." "Well, I'm sorry I don't seem able to relieve you." He is about to remove his arm when she looks up at him chidingly and says: "It seems to me that if you have any confidence in your method you would be willing to keep on trying."—Chicago "I made enough money in Wall street last week to buy a house and lot." "Did you buy it?" "Well, no; but I wish I had."—New York Herald. Why She Did It. "Why is it," they asked, "that you let your husband have his own way in everything?" "Because," she replied, "I like to have some one to blame when things go wrong." Proof. "I guess their honeymoon is about over." "What makes you think so?" "He's quit coming home for his needs lunch."—Detroit Free Press. Zeal without knowledge is like expedition to a man in the dark—Newton. THE BANK OF THE UNITED STATES Estimates Given J. S. Bartlett JESSE BINGA BANKER S. E. Cor. State and 36th Place, Chicago Telephone Douglas 1565 GENERAL BANKING owed on Savings Accounts Vaults, $3.00 per Year rate on commission, manages estates for non-resi- ses and looking after assessments. Money to loan the patronage of Chicago business men. Telephone Blue 4601 JOHNSON EXPRESS Specialty Storage Warehouse STREET CHICAGO LYNCH , Gas Fitting and Beverage STREET, CHICAGO Prompt Attention to Jobbing L. E. Bartlett TLETT & SON Real Estate ans and Insurance Chicago OTARY PUBLIC Molony & LaFranchise Steam and Hot Water Heating Contractors Jobbing Promptly Attended To Estimates Furnished 5434 S. Halsted St. Tol. Yards 6643 sighs hic heal- man. on my about Now be does not five or obliging more? "I made enough money in Wall street last week to buy a house and lot." "Did you buy it?" "Well, no; but I wish I had."—New York Herald. Why She Did It. "Why is it," they asked, "that you let your husband have his own way in everything?" "Because," she replied, "I like to have some one to blame when things go wrong." Proof. "I guess their honeymoon is about Chicago HILLMANS STATE & WASHINGTON ST. WHERE EVERY PATRON Saves ON EVERY PURCHASE Jacob Feinberg Wholesale and Retail MARKET AND GROCERY TELEPHONE DOUGLAS 565 81st and State Streets JOHN J. BRADLEY Real Estate Loans Fire and Plate Glass Insurance 4709 S. HALSTED ST CHICAGO Good Colored Tenants Always Appreciated Stove Heated Flats I am no Agent. I Rent only my own Property You will save many a weary step when you want a Flat if you first call on me. MONEY TO LOAN ON REAL ESTATE OR PERSONAL PROPERTY Samuel Richardson, 142 La Salle Street Telephone Main 2188 CHICAGO Room 1, OTIS BLOCK (Please cut this out) THE RAILROAD INN Imported and Domestic Wines Liquors & Cigars Cafe in Connection N. E. Corner Fifty-first and Armour Avenue, Chicago, IL. American Brick Co. President and Treasurer, THOMAS CAREY. Vice-President, JOHN SHELMAMER, Secretary, WILLIAM SULLIVAN. MANUFATURERS OF Common and Sewer Brick Office and Yards: 45th and Robey Sts. Yards running winter and summer, equipped with the latest improved Wolf Dyer. THE CONTINENTAL NATIONAL BANK OF CHICAGO FULL Weight That’s merely honesty City Weighmasters Certificate PROVES IT QUALITY COUNTS Is the Secret of REAL Saving-Get it We Inquire the Best at the cost of the other kind WHOLESAIL CHARLES R. PRICE CO. MINES AGENT WHOLESAIL CHARLES R. PRICE CO. CHARLES R. PRICE CO. General Office: 692 W. 43rd St. Tuxedo 1971-87 NURGUARANTY-City Weighmasters Certificate With Each Load, 3000 Pounds To Each Ton. Frank H. Lewis, Prop. Leu Seldon, Mgr.