The Broad Ax

"Big Bill," Mayor William Hale Thompson, Received a Black Eye and a Very Severe Jolt From the Hands of the City Council. It Refused to Confirm Three of His Appointees as Members of the Board of Education STATE SENATOR SAMUEL A. ETTELSON SUCCEEDS RICHARD S. FOLL SOM AS CORPORATION COUNSEL OF CHICAGO HIS SELECTION AS SUCH MEETS WITH THE HIGHEST APPROBATION OF THE VAST MAJORITY OF THE CITIZENS OF CHICAGO. COL. AUGUST W. MILLER BECOMES THE NEW SUPERINTENDENT OF STREETS AND HE WILL EFFECT MANY REFORMS IN THAT DEPARTMENT. HON. SHADRACK BAILEY TURNER FAILED TO HAVE TWO OR THREE HUNDRED COLORED MEN AS IT WAS THOUGHT HE WOULD IN THE GREAT WET PARADE LAST SUNDAY. GOVERNOR EDWARD F. DUNNE HAS CALLED AN EXTRA SESSION OF THE LEGISLATURE TO BRING FOETH MORE MONEY TO RUN THE VARIOUS STATE DEPARTMENTS WHICH WILL MEET MONDAY NOVEMBER 22. Vol. XXI. "Big Bill,' Eye and Council as Mem STATE SENATOR SAMUEL A. ETT SOM AS CORPORATION COUN AS SUCH MEETS WITH THE HI MAJORITY OF THE CITIZENS COL. AUGUST W. MILLER BECOM STREETS AND HE WILL EFFI PARTMENT. HON. SHADRACK BAILEY TURNER HUNDRED COLORED MEN AS THE GREAT WET PARADE LA GOVERNOR EDWARD F. DUNNE OF THE LEGISLATURE TO BR THE VARIOUS STATE DEPARTM NOVEMBER 22. The Hon. "Big Bill" Mayor William Hale Thompson ran up against the real thing at the meeting of the city council Monday evening, for he had decided to put a shouting Methodist preacher the Rev. John P. Brushingham at the head of the board of education who in fact is not a citizen of Chicago and the same thing was true as far as A. Sheldon Clark, who hales from Evanston, Ill. and Col. W. N. Selig who resides most of the time somewhere in Calf. and Charles S. Peterson was rejected because he is a bitter foe to union labor, Messrs. Brushingham, Clark and Peterson received the body or knockout blow in the neck from the members of the city council by a vote of 30 for and 39 to 43 against their confirmation and to say the least it was an eye opener to Mayor Thompson, he receiving such a black eye and such a severe jolt that he was unable to read the figures showing the result of the votes of the city fathers and his Hon. has been unable to sleep very well either night or day from that time to the present. It is said that it was the first time in thirty years that the members of the city council has slapped the mayor in the face in such a coldblooded manner, some of its members claim that they do not entertain the least bit of personal ill-feeling against the Rev. Brushingham, even if Charles C. Healy, Chief of Police has lately become one of the officers of the church at 33rd and South Park Ave., but those members of the city council who voted against him content that no preacher be he Roman Catholic, Prostestant or what not should not be placed at the head of the public schools of this city and it should seem to all fair minded men that they are absolutely correct in that respect for just as soon as the preachers would start in to run the public schools this city would be plunged into a long religious warfare which would be very harmful to all of its citizens. The city council did so well however in pulling through Mrs. F. E. Thornton, Max Loeb, and H. W. Ruehl as members of the board of education, Dr. Theodore B. Sachs as director of the municipal tuberculosis sanitarium and State Senator, Samuel A. Ettelson, as corporation counsel of Chicago and so far Mayor Thompson has not made a more popular appointment. than the last mentioned one for in every way Mr. Ettelson is well fitted to discharge all of the duties of that important office for some years he has been a member of the well-known law firm of Schuyler, Ettelson and Weinfeld, with extensive offices on the 12th floor of the New York Life Building, he is interested in everything which will redound to the benefit of this city, he has been three times elected to the State Senate from the 3rd senatorial district and as one of its leaders he was the father of many good laws notably the measure to furnish free books to school children, he is a director of the Chicago Home for Jewish Orphans, he is also a member of the Chicago, Illinois and the American Bar Association and member of the Hamilton, Illinois Athletic, Press, and Players Clubs. Mr. Ettelson is a handsome batchelor and resides right in among the Afro-Americans at 3315 Calumet avenue, and it is safe to say that he is one of the most popular men among all classes of his fellow citizens in Chicago. In an interview with the writer in his inner office on Tuesday surrounded with a great bank of very beautiful flowers tokens of friendship from some of his many friends, Mr. Ettelson declared that "he would to the best of his ability honestly endeavor to discharge all the duties pertaining to his office without fear or favor, that he wanted to leave a record behind him as corporation counsel of Chicago, which will more than compare favorably with the records of Major E. B. Tolman, Col. James Hamilton Lewis, E. J. Brundage and his other predecessors." Many other changes are taking place among the politicians in the city hall and there is a spirit of unrest among them and one of the most important changes this week was the selection of Col. August W. Miller as superintendent of streets and he will effect many changes or reforms in that department and we are sure that Col. Miller will soon have everything in connection running in apple pie order. Col. Shadrack Bailey Turner, lined up with the wets during the sessions of the legislature at Springfield last winter, although it is contended by some, that at the critical time, he would generally fade away and was not present to vote in favor of the various propositions, brought forward or advocated by the wets. Nevertheless, the head officials of the United Societies, labored under the impression that he toted all of the Colored people of Chicago, around in his hip pocket, that they furnished them with the wherewithall, to have two or three hundred Colored men in line in the great wet parade last Sunday. But as a matter of fact, he only had about fifteen to twenty-five in evidence. And now it is beginning to dawn on the minds of the head officials of the United Societies, that the Hon. Shadrack Bailey Turner, is not the real king of the better class of Afro-Americans residing in this city. Gov. Edward F. Dunne, in order to meet the present financial situation which has been suddenly thrust upon the people of Illinois, by the decision of the Supreme Court in the Fergus matter or case, has issued a call for an extra session of the legislature which will convene at Springfield on Monday November 22, to provide ways and means to run or conduct the various departments of State. Miss Bertha Williams, and some of her pupils will give a recital Thursday evening, November 18, at Lincoln Memorial Congregational Church, 65th street and Champlain avenue. CHICAGO, NOVEMBER 13, 1915 MADAM PADEREWSKI'S APPEAL FOR POLISH VICTIMS. Madam Helena Paderewski, wife of the famous pianist, has addressed a letter to Dr. Booker T. Washington, of the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute, making an appeal for the Polish victims of the European War. The letter is sent to the press with the thought that there may be those among the Negro people who may feel disposed to respond to Madam Paderewski's appeal. An organization known as the Polish Victims' Relief Fund has been organized, with headquarters in Aeolian Building, 33 West 42nd street, New York City. Madam Paderewski's letter follows: New York, October 26, 1915 My dear Mr. Washington: I am writing you a very personal letter on a subject that is close to my heart and I know the message it carries will find a response in your generous sympathy. It is with great pleasure that I recall our meeting, some years ago, and I have watched the success of your work among your people with sincere satisfaction, for I have always been an advocate of the principles for which you stand, the uplift of the Colored race. It is because I know you have ever directed your broad influence towards the most worthy causes that I am asking you in the name of the starving babies and their helpless mothers, to tell your people that we need them in our work of sending food and medicine to Poland. We need, my dear Sir, even the smallest contribution that your beloved followers may offer, and I beg of you to make an appeal to your people. Tell them, for they may not all know as well as you, yourself, that it was a Pole—Louis Kosciusko—who, in addition to fighting for American liberty, gave that which he needed himself to help the Colored race. As you will recall, after refusing the grant of land offered him in recognition of his services in the War of the Revolution, he returned to Poland, not wishing to accept a reward for doing what he considered a sublime duty to those in need. Later, after eight years, when he again visited America, he was given a pension as General in the American Army. With the back pay during his absence, the sum amounted to about $15,000.00. Although poor himself, he felt deep compassion for the neglected Colored children, and with the money given him, he established the first school in America devoted exclusively to the education of the Colored youth. I am sure you know the story in all its details, but I desire the Colored people of America to know that today the descendants of the man who—unasked—aided them, plead for a crust of bread, a spoonful of milk for their hungry children. Tell them this and God will bless and prosper you in your telling and they in their giving. Do not think that small amounts are useless—five cents may save a life. I am sending Mr. Paderewski's appeal but conditions, today, are worse than when it was written. Will you help Poland? Will you do it now! Please reply to Hotel Gotham. Yours in work for humanity. (Signed) Helena Paderewski. Dr. Booker T. Washington, Tuskegee, Alabama. Col. Frank L. Hamilton, ex-President of the Appomattox Club, has been confined to his home at 2821 S. Wabash avenue with illness the past week. He is on the way to recovery and will soon be himself again. HON. SAMUEL A. ETTELSON. EDITOR TAYLOR RECEIVED AN INVITATION TO ATTEND THE OPENING AND DEDICATION OF THE NEW BUILDING OF THE YOUNG MEN'S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION AT YOUNGSTOWN, OHIO. November 11, 12, 13, 21st dedication and opening exercises of the new building of the Young Men's Christian Association of Youngstown, Ohio have and will be continued to be celebrated until the last day mentioned. Hon. William Howard Taft, will be the principal speaker. Hon. Myron T. Herrick, former Governor of Ohio and late Ambassador to France and Mr. William P. Sidley of this city are among the other prominent speakers. The writer has been honored with a card of admission entitling him to be present at all the exercises and to attend the banquet and reception to be tendered to Ex-President Taft and other distinguished citizens. SUNDAY CLOSING DISCUSSION AT THE APPOMATTOX CLUB. The members and friends of the Appomattox Club will in addition to the anticipated address of Prof. Richard T. Greener upon the Present Status of Hati, will hold a Symposium on "Sunday Closing" on tomorrow afternoon at 4 P. M. Mrs. S. A. T. Watkins, Mrs. F. B. Waring and Miss Essie Arnold also Mr. H. H. Boger, Mr. Geo. W. Holt and Mr. Henry Jones have been requested to prepare and read papers upon this live subject. Chairman Beauregard F. Moseley of the Civic Affairs Committee of the Club says that the papers may be either for or against "Sunday Closing" that the purpose is to hear both sides intelligently discussed. All friends of the Club are invited. Mr. J. L. Jones head of the Cin. Ohio Regalia Co., is here visiting the city on business and is the guest of Major R. R. Jackson. HON. SAMUEL A. ETTELSON. The New Corporation Counsel of Chicago BOOKER T. WASHINGTON BREAKS DOWN FROM NERVOUS PROSTRATION. Booker T. Washington, the far famed wizard of Tuskegee, Alabama, has for the past week been confined in a private room in St. Luke's Hospital, New York City. He is under the medical care of Dr. W. A. Bastedo, nervous prostration has overtaken him. Whoever Dr. Bastedo is, he ignorantly claims, that "racial characteristics are in part responsible for Dr. Washington's breakdown." It is to be very much regretted that White men, who claim to be thoroughly educated, but who are not are placed in charge of hospitals and other public institutions who are utterly incapable of doing or discharging their duties, without displaying their race prejudice and narrow-mindedness, like unto Dr. Bastedo, who seems to be unable to grasp the idea, that thousands of the very best and brightest White business men in this country as well as professional men, break down from nervousness or nervous prostration long before they reach the age of fifty or sixty years and according to the theory of Dr. Bastedo, these men fall by the wayside from the effects of some terrible or dreaded disease which they inherited and which which was fastened upon them by their fore parents. DEATH OF J. MILTON TURNER EX-MINISTER TO LIBERIA J. Milton Turner, who was 76 years old and who was one of the most widely known Colored men in this country, passed away last week at Ardmore, Oklahoma, although his home was in St. Louis, Mo. His death was caused from injuries received by the explosion of an oil tank in Oklahoma. No. 8 He was the first Colored man to enter the Diplomatic Corps, of the United States, being appointed to a Librarian post by President Grant, in 1870. He was born on a plantation in St. Charles County, Missouri, and when a boy was sold on the courthouse steps in St. Louis for $50. When appointed minister he had the rank of brigadier general in the army and commodore in the navy. It was his boast that he had the friendship of King Edward VII of Great Britain and that of Kaiser Wilhelm of Germany. Mr. Turner founded the first Negro school in Missouri in Kansas City in 1868. In later years he had done much to improve the condition of the Negroes in the South. UNWRITTEN LAW PLEA FAILS. Waukegan Man Who Shot Pastor Accused of Wooing Wife Gets Jail Sentence. The unwritten law plea failed to save Edward Cunningham, Colored, of Waukegan, from a jail sentence. He was convicted recently in Waukegan and sentenced for a term of from one to fourteen years. Cunningham was convicted of having shot the Rev. Harry Venerable, pastor of the Waukegan Colored Baptist church, last spring. Cunningham charged the minister with having been intimate with his wife. 1 RECEPTION IN HONOR OF THE GRAND OFFICERS OF THE ORDER OF EASTERN STAR. Thursday evening, November 18, from 7 to 11 P. M., the grand officers of the Order of Eastern Star, will be tendered a reception at the home of Mrs. Salina Cotton, 3400 Calumet avenue, at which time Mrs. Louise Webb, will turn over to its members the deed, abstract and all the other papers in connection with the home which has been purchased at Harvey, Ill. by that order. CENTENNIAL YEAR OF GENERAL MEADE Hundredth Anniversary of His Birth In December. The last day of this year marks the centennial of the birth of General George Gordon Meade, Union victor of the battle of Gettysburg. General Meade was born on Dec. 31, 1815, at Cadiz, Spain, in which city his father was engaged in business. Pennsylvania claims Meade as her son and greatest general, however, since his father was a Pennsylvanian and he himself was taken to the state when he was very young. After the great battle Meade continued in charge of the Army of the Potomac, passing under command of General Grant when the latter was ele- THE STATUE OF THE GENERAL GARRISON Photo by American Press Association. MEADE STATUE AT GETTYSBURG. vated to the chief command of all the Union armies. Grant told Meade that he desired him to continue as the commander of the army, and he did continue until that army was disbanded. Grant placed Meade on a par with Sherman, McPherson and Thomas as army commanders, and other military authorities thought highly of him. When the battle of Gettysburg was fought, though Meade was a major general of volunteers, he was only a major in the regular army, and he had held that rank but a year and two weeks. His great victory at Gettysburg resulted in his being jumped from major to brigadier general of regulars. The following year, Aug. 18, at the request of Grant, who had tested him as the commander of the Army of the Potomac from Culpeper to Petersburg in that long list of battles in the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, North Anna, Cold Harbor and various engagements at Petersburg and vicinity, he was promoted to major general of the regular army. He died in 1872. CARRIER PIGEONS IN WAR. Despite Wireless, These Birds Are Still Used For Certain Exposures. Even in this day of wireless they still use carrier pigeons in war. There seem to be certain exigencies when the birds can do the message bearing work best. At an early stage in the war England forbade the releasing of pigeons 喜 from their lofts. Evidently the English did not want them used by spies. Later, however, they have placed a ban on shooting these birds on the ground that they "are being used for certain purposes in his majesty's service." In Belgium the use of carrier pigeons is still quite common. The illustration shows a Belgian soldier bearing a carrier pigeon at his back in a cage that somewhat resembles a wicker knapsack. SIRES AND SONS. Dr. Parkes Cadman, the noted Brooklyn divine, was once a coal miner. Mr. John Wrey, the Australian millionaire, started life as a salesman in a shoe store. Cardinal Gibbons was born in Baltimore of Irish parents. He had a brief commercial career in New Orleans. When he became of age he entered St. Charles' college, near Ellicott, Md. John Mulr, the noted American naturalist, is a Scotchman by birth. He is an ardent advocate of national parks. The Muir glacier in Alaska is named after him to commemorate his discovery of it. Patrick Calhoun, noted street railway operator and corporation lawyer, also a grandson of John C. Calhoun, started his law career in St. Louis, living in the garret of a lodging house. He has a copper riveted rule to read two hours each day. Marcus Loew, the "small time king" of vaudeville, doesn't try to prop his morning paper against a sugar bowl and read as he heats. He has a habit, contracted many years ago, of using it for a tablecloth. He shoves his toast and cup of chocolate from column to column as he reads. Pen, Chisel and Brush. The picture "Paradise," by Tintoretto, is the largest painting in the world. It is eighty-four feet wide, thirty-three and a half feet high and is now in the doges' palace, Venice. When Dr. Woodrow Wilson established a new system at Princeton which kept the professors busy pretty nearly all the time, Dr. Henry van Dyke resigned, as he did not have enough time for literature. Frederick MacMonnies, the sculptor, has returned to this country after more than twenty-five years of life abroad, in which he gained an international reputation, won exhibition honors in all the capitals and was made a chevalier in the Legion of Honor of France and decorated with the Order of St. Michael of Bavaria. Echoes of the War. Not that King Albert does not want peace, but that he wants Belgium with it—Boston Herald. The main difference between the war a year ago and now seems to be 365 days.—Washington Post. The war casualties are not all on the battle front. Some of them happen in the government cabinets.—Philadelphia Press. Europe finds the cost of living advancing in a manner that discourages any reliance on war as a solution of economic problems.—Washington Star. Peace conditions are being talked of again. The trouble about them is that each side wants to make them rather than take them.—Baltimore American. State Lines. In the state of New York there are approximately 12,000,000 acres of potential forest lands. Not since 1864, with one exception, has California produced so much gold as in 1914, when the output was worth $20,563,496. Illinois is the leading state in the production of common brick, Pennsylvania in fire brick and Ohio in vitrified paving brick and sewer pipe. Texas, which in 1850 stood twelfth in rank, is now the seventh state in the American Union in point of wealth. It is first in point of size and fifth in population. BRIGHT BRIEFS. The searchlight always seems to be looking for something bad. The unexpected happens so often that it ought to lose its novelty. Don't waste time in explaining why you failed. Get busy and make good. This fall sees fewer announcements of emperors' plans for Christmas dinners. The next war, says Mr. Edison, will be one of machines. Preferably type-writing machines. Easiest way is the best way if you don't mind taking a chance on doing the work over again. Speculation as to when the war will end have given place to calculations as to when loans will fall due. The joke seems to be on the European tightwads who used always to be kicking because taxes were so high. Intense interest of the masses in the war question may be directly traceable to the fact that it is their funeral. It is evident from the rising quotations on medicines that a drug on the market is pretty good property these days. A person has to keep busy with the newspapers to remain in close touch with real conditions in the European cabinets. Woman's rights are marching on. It is announced that the new superdreadnaught California will have a "spacious reception room for women visitors." It is not in the warring countries that people are obliged to eat atrocties instead of food. Consider neutral Iceland, where codfish is dried, ground into powder and made into bread. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, NOVEMBER 13, 1915. BAD LANDS OF BORDER WARFARE Big Bend Country Scene of Many Raids. THE trouble along the Mexican border, which at present is giving rise to no little anxiety in government circles, is an old sore which breaks out every now and then and which perhaps may be only eradicated by means of heroic treatment. Nowhere in the United States is there an area better adapted to sudden raids and swift escapes than the Big Bend country of Texas, where bands of Mexicans have had frequent fights with United States soldiers, Texas rangers and parties of citizens. It is a region which settlers have let severely alone. Its traditions and customs in 1915 are much the same as its traditions and customs of 1860. Although the Big Bend country proper is really that part of Texas lying along the border and extending from El Paso to Del Rio, a distance of some 350 miles where the Río Grande makes a big dip into Mexico, the name has through long usage come to embrace all of the Texas border from El Paso to Brownsville. For a hundred miles north from the river for practically the whole distance from El Paso to the gulf the country is desolate, supporting a few large cattle ranches and little else. Small hills, frequent ravines and old water courses and a gen- A young man in a straw hat and an apron sits on a rock, holding a book. erally dense growth of mesquite and sagebrush make it ideal for guerilla warfare. Feuds have existed between the Mexicans and the cow men of the region almost from the day that Texas won her independence from Mexico. It was because of these feuds that that picturesque organization, the Texas rangers, was formed. The rangers are, in reality, the outgrowth of a semiorganized posse of Big Bend citizens formed at the expense of the ranchers to put a stop to the cattle rustling which had gained such proportions to that threaten the whole industry, along the frontier. Many years ago, before the Southern Pacific extended its lines through the northern rim of the Big Bend country, that territory was the retreat for the cattle rustlers, murderers and bad men of the southwest. One of the most noted of these old time bandits was Roque Martinez, who was at the head of the famous Black Pool band, which numbered upward of 100 Mexicans, Indians and renegade white men. For years Martinez held sway throughout 'the whole section, gradually increasing his operations from cattle stealing until his band on more than one occasion attacked and sacked small towns in the interior. He was finally cornered by a company of Texas rangers, assisted by cowboys, and was killed in a running fight. Eleven of his band were later captured and lynched. The killing of Martinez occurred at a point near Ojinaga, which obtained some notoriously a year ago because the last stand of the Huerta federals against Villa was made there. The battle ended in the flight of the federals across the border and their long tramp across the heart of the Big Bend country to Marfa, where they entrained for the concentration camp at Fort Bliss. To patrol the Big Bend country properly would require the active co-operation of practically half the entire United States army. Despite the fact that the region has been pierced by the main line of a transcontinental railroad and that every effort has been made to introduce irrigation and dry farming the Big Bend country today remains as wild as it was fifty years ago. It is today the last "bad land" of the United States, and it is there that the only counterparts of the old bands of cattle rustlers and outlaws are to be found. The Big Bend country of Texas is really the last survival of the old west. DAMES AND DAUGHTERS. Lucy Smith, bride at fifteen, mother at seventeen, at nineteen is a divorcee in New York. Miss Marie L. Obenauer is chief of the woman's division of the United States bureau of labor statistics. Mile. Jeanne Prevost, the famous French actress, has been given the rank of corporal in the French army in recognition of what she has done to amuse the wounded soldiers. Mrs. Julianna Ferguson, daughter of Philip Armour, has a palatial home on Long Island. The house is a faithful copy of an ancient Italian monastery. Three years and $1,000,000 were required in the construction. Miss Lillian D. Wald is the Jane Addams of New York. She started the Henry Street settlement and built it up to 3,000 members. This settlement has under its supervision ninety-three nurses, who attend, without charge, poor women unable to go to hospitals. She also started the first public playground in New York. Short Stories. To understand the newspapers a man must have a vocabulary of at least 2,000 words. The Chinese now must doff their hats when meeting friends. The government has adopted western ideas in enforcing its new customs. Six feet four inches is the average height of the Bororos, who live in the southwest of Brazil. They are the tallest people in the world. Efforts are being made in the Philippines to revive the coffee growing industry, which was ruined by the blight a quarter of a century ago. PITH AND POINT. Envy is the tribute that failure pays to success. You can save yourself a lot of trouble by not borrowing any. Even Europe will eventually discover that man does not live by shrapnel alone. The discretion that is the better part of valor is sometimes merely lack of nerve. It is a comforting assurance that the Panama canal will certainly be opened before the next war. If you intend to do a mean thing wait until tomorrow, but if you are going to do good do it now. That New York Hall of Fame is pretty well advertised by the immortals who don't get into it. No satisfactory theory has been offered of what outlaws do with all the money they get by robbing trains. Much of the history of the present war is being written, without censoring, in the ledgers of the world's great bankers. The English are said to be having trouble trying to subdue the American mules they bought for use in the war. Evidently they got the genuine brand. An average man breathes about twenty-one cubic feet of air into his lungs every hour, and it's about the only thing in the world he gets without paying for. Science has made it possible for the human voice to be heard from America to Europe, but no wireless telephone was needed to carry the sound of the shot that was heard around the world. Flippant Flings. One is in doubt whether to attribute Carranza's success to his virblage or to his foliage.—Chicago News. Well, if it isn't one thing it's another. We'll soon have congress on our hands again.—Philadelphia Inquirer. They are having what they call apple day in some of the western cities, but Eve invented it.—Philadelphia Press. "John Doe No. 104," adopted by the Finley Shepards, couldn't have been much luckier if he had bought Bethelhem at 32.—Washington Post. Fashion Frills. Men only laugh at the freak fashion maid.—Baltimore American. The girls who attempt to improve on the fashions do it by making their skirts shorter.—Philadelphia Press. How the world moves! A few years ago tights were considered immodest. Now they are prescribed in the name of modesty.—New York Sun. A Japanese actress finds it difficult to keep track of American fashions, which she thinks must change daily. Dally? Hourly might be nearer the fact.—Pittsburgh Dispatch. Tales of Cities. There is not a single pawnbroker in Quebec. San Francisco's bonded debt is now $42,635,000, of which sum $5,475,000 is for street railway expenditures. New York has more Irish than there are in Dublin, more Italians than Rome and more Russians than Klev. Dawson City, which during the Alaskan gold rush of 1890 reached a population of 25,000, now has fewer than 2,000 inhabitants. STORY OF FAMOUS GRIDIRON CLUB Arthur W. Dunn Publishes History of Unique Organization. Arthur W. Dunn, the well known Washington correspondent, has just published through the Frederick Stokes company a history of the Gridiron club under the title "Gridiron Nights." Mr. Dunn is peculiarly well fitted for the task that he has so admirably accomplished. He was for some time the president of the Gridiron club, which is known far and wide for the remarkable gatherings about its board. The position of president is the highest ambition of the Washington correspondent, and no one is elected to that PETER H. BURTON Photo by American Press Association. ARTHUR W. DUNN. position except journalists of recognized ability and high standing in the profession. Mr. Dunn is one of the best equipped newspaper men in the country. His long residence in Washington, his wide acquaintance with public men and his ripe experience in newspaper work place him in an advantageous position for getting at the inside of national affairs. The dinners of the Gridiron club of Washington have for thirty years been made occasion for a satirical treatment of the larger political events and the more conspicuous political persons of the then immediate past and present; good natured and funny always, but without very severe regard for the dignity of political headliners. The membership of the club is made up largely of Washington newspaper men, editors and correspondents. The guests of the club at its unique dinners are prominent public officials from the president down, foreign ambassadors and sundry others in the public eye. The history of those dinners during the thirty years since the organization of the club as related by Mr. Dunn is not only a narrative entertaining in itself, but an inside view of the history of the United States as it unfolded at the national capital during that eventful period. Apart from the amusing features of the interesting rectal, the book is of special value as a notebook of contemporary history. DREDGING AT GAILLARD CUT. Old Trouble at the Panama Canal Still Hard Problem. The great slide in the Gaillard cut, formerly known as the Culebra cut, of the Panama canal has choked that part of the great waterway with mili- THE CITY OF BOSTON. Photo by American Press Association. DBREDGING AT THE GAILLARD CUT- lions of cubic yards of rock and dirt. Numbers of vessels have been tied up awaiting passage. The canal force is at present working day and night to free the channel and thus reopen the canal to traffic. The most powerful units in the dredging fleet are being used to further this purpose. SHORT AND SHARP. Who will open the door in China when the trouble's over? Good judgment isn't of much value unless you make use of it. Sometimes you can help your friends by not giving them advice. As a rule a man never forgets the spot where his hatchet has been buried. At Thanksgiving time we may be glad to realize that we are still out of it. It doesn't matter so much who wins the most battles as who wins the last battle. Speaking of the Nobel prize, the greatest peace prize in the world is peace itself. It will take ten years of peaceful work for Mexico to figure out just what her revolutions have cost her. For those who favor a short winter we suggest the signing of a promisory note or two to mature next March. Stefansson has discovered a lot more land in the higher latitudes. But there will be no immediate rush to cut it up into building lots. Best of all, this banner wheat crop is not due to an exceptional run of weather, but to better methods on moist soil and to wider mastery of dry. Mexico is to substitute the American game of baseball for bullfights. Here is one gratifying proof that the republic is honestly trying to become civilized. The invention is reported of an aerial torpedo which can drop explosives on an enemy 100 miles away. Day by day the space for innocent bystanders decreases. Some Questions. Is a shop devoted exclusively to boys' clothing what might be termed a hard wear store?—Philadelphia Inquirer. Isn't it enough to make New England revolt to learn that the revered codfish is now being dyed red and sold for plebeian salmon?—Chicago News. Dean Johnson of the New York university wants the "heaviest tax put on married men." Huh! Isn't that where it is at present?—Philadelphia Inquirer. Barcelona's observatory has discovered a new planet. The astronomer says the shiner is getting away from the earth as fast as possible. Can you blame it?—Cleveland Plain Dealer. Electric Sparks. So great is the velocity of electricity that it could travel round the world eight times in a minute. Though 2,000 miles from a railroad, Yakutsk, in the extreme north of Asia, maintains an electric light plant the year round. According to a French scientist, who has experimented exhaustively, rain can carry both positive and negative charges of electricity. Point Hope, Alaska, which is in darkness during the long arctic winter, will soon have an electric plant. Storms along the coast will be harnessed by windmills to produce the electricity. Current Comment. Drugs are going up in price so rapidly that many people may be benefited by having to fight ailments with fresh air and sunshine.—Washington Star. The perpetuation of the names of some of our famous old warships in the new battle cruisers would be an excellent idea. Other navies adopted it long ago.—Philadelphia Ledger. The secretary of the interior asks for a million dollars less for next year than he had for this. This would be more welcome from some other department, for it means that the veterans are passing away and the pension rolls are diminishing.—Philadelphia Press. The Royal Box. Czar Nicholas is an expert whist player. The favorite dishes of the queen of Holland are English roast beef and mutton. The queen of Norway takes a great interest in bookbinding. The collection of beautifully bound books is one of her hobbies. King Victor Emmanuel of Italy declares his great liking for polenta, the Indian meal porridge, which he eats as regularly as the poorest peasant. He also likes roast ch.cken giblets with calf's brains and artichokes. Recent Inventions. A patent has been issued for a corrugated metal or rubber mitten for use in washing clothes. Eight blades set in a semicircular frame form a new implement for cutting halves of cakes evenly. The valise patent by a Kentucky inventor has a drop front and several shelves that make it serve as a miniature dressing table. A rural mall box with a loose bottom that closes a circuit and rings an electric bell at a distance when even a postal card is dropped upon it has been patented by a Californian. Raising Fenceports The increased demand for fenceposts has induced some far seeing farmers to raise them for sale as well as for their own use. It takes time, of course, to do this, yet a shorter period than most persons suppose. A plantation of locusts can be brought to fence post size in five years from seed. The seed are first scalded with boiling water and then after soaking overnight are sowed an inch apart in rows two feet apart. They are subsequently thinned to stand four inches apart and are mulched with straw during the first year. As they increase in size they are again thinned until they stand finally eight feet apart. From time to time as growth develops they are trimmed to prevent their becoming top heavy, and at the end of the fifth year they are ready for the market. Each tree will cut an average of three posts, and 650 trees are grown to the acre. In most localities these will sell for from 20 to 35 cents each, netting the farmer no less than $390, or $65 per acre per year.—Exchange. The Lonely Miner's Phonograph The Lonely Miner's Phonograph. What would an Alaska steamer be without its phonograph in the cabin? Not a minute is it idle. Even while the passengers are down below at meals some lingering hand reaches out for the latest record. One of the government's corps of engineering experts who was on board said: "What would the miners do without the phonograph? I find one in every cabin, no matter how remote it may be. It has helped to drive away the loneliness of camp life in the faroff wilderness and is mainly responsible for the marked decrease of insanity among the miners so noticeable in recent years." The instrument on the steamer was just then melodiously grinding out "Annie Laurie." "Think," said Uncle Sam's official, "of the soothing effect of that beautiful song on a Scotchman immured in a cabin a thousand miles from the nearest settlement."-Lesile's Weekly. Chocolate, Spanish Style. To know the finest method for making chocolate or cocoa one must learn of the practice in Spain or in one of the Spanish American countries. There one finds out two important things. The first concerns the utensil in which the chocolate is made. Our nearest approach to this is an enameled ware double boiler. Indeed, this is a perfectly satisfactory substitute for the heavy and fragile chocolate pots favored by some of the Spanish countries. The second point is that chocolate is better if not served freshly made. Chocolate and cocoa are much smoother and the flavor is much improved if they are prepared some hours before service. Cook the chocolate in the enameled ware boiler very thoroughly. Set in a cool place and let stand until required. Then heat to the boiling point and serve either with or without whipped cream. Cartoonists and Small Boys "It takes a cartoonist," says a writer in Cartoons Magazine, "to understand the heart of the small boy. The cartoonists enter into his sports and share his joys and sorrow. They sit with him under the cool willows, watching the red and yellow bobber as a fat sunfish or a bulldog nibbles at the bait. "They know his likes and dislikes, which are simple. In the former category fall baseball, strawberry shortcake, kites, marbles, rafts, rubber boots, dogs, circuses, swimming, picnics, buckwheat cakes. Fourth of July, Halloween, Thanksgiving, Christmas. In the latter may be found copper teed shoes, schoolbooks, teachers, starched collars, sulphur and molasses, practicing, washing one's neck. According to the cartoonists, the small boy lives from holiday to holiday, with a birthday in between." The Word "Slave." An interesting instance in history of the twisted application of the names of a people is afforded by the case of the word "slave." Now, the Slavi, tribes dwelling on the banks of the Dneper, derived their appellation from "Slav," meaning noble or illustrious. In the days of the later Roman empire vast numbers of these Slavs were taken over by the Romans in the condition of captive servants, and in this way the name of the tribes came in time to carry with it the idea of a low state of servitude, the exact antithesis of its original meaning and one that has survived to this time. The Gobelin Factory. The Gobelin factory was founded in 1515 by Francis L. who scoured Europe for the artists and the makers of beautiful things who could bring luster to the capital of France. Under his auspices came Leonardo da Vinci, and he it was who laid the foundations for the collections of statuary and paintings that have made Paris famous. The Gobelin tapestry factory was among the least of his undertakings. The Pessimist "I've had an offer for my house. A man wants to pay me $3,000 more than it cost me." "You'll accept, of course." "Yes, but I'm afraid the man's relations will find out he's crazy before I can close the deal."—Exchange. Pernassus Grass The beautiful grass of Parnassus, which is found in marshy quarters of Great Britain, derives its name from its supposed origin on Mount Parnassus. So Feminine. Lottie- I wouldn't be in Kittle's shoes for anything in the world. Hattie- Of course not. They'd hurt you terribly. The Gentle Bloodhound. No real reason exists for the common belief that the bloodhound is a fierce animal, ready to tear the person whom it may be tracking to pieces. It is, on the contrary, rather noted for its gentleness, even seeming timid, unless especially trained to attack. The origin of the breed, according to Count Le Couteux de Canteleu, the greatest living authority on the subject, is from the St. Hubert of St. Hubert's abbey in the Ardennes. It dates from the earliest ages, and the breed certainly existed in the time of the Gauls. As regards the name bloodhound, the Count Le Couteux believes that when fox hunting in something like its present form was instituted it was found that the sleuthhound was not fast enough for the purpose, and the present foxhound was evolved from various material, and about this time it became usual in speaking of the old hound of the country to call him the bloodhound, meaning the hound of pure blood (as might be said of a blooded horse), to distinguish him from the new hound or foxhound. There is only one breed of pure, genuine bloodhounds, and that is the English—Argonaut. Geometry. Plato is said to have written over his door, "Let no one ignorant of geometry enter here." Today such a restriction would reduce his visiting list. Perhaps outside the professional mathematicians he would have no one at all. All the artists, the philanthropists, the historians, to say nothing of those ladies and gentlemen of leisure whose critical faculties are so importantly developed nowadays, would certainly be absent and, worse still, would suffer very little at their exclusion. Yet, going back into the centuries for guests, a distinguished company might have been assembled of those who without being famous merely for mathematical studies, were known to have understood and loved the subject. The Greek philosophers would have been there in a body, Alphonse X., Omar Khayyam, Albert Durer, Leonardo da Vinci, Descartes, Pascal, Napoleon and Lewis Carroll.—Exchange. Preparedness. Obadiah, trying to cross the field where the bull was, attracted the attention of the beast, whereupon began a foot race of great personal interest to Obadiah. His neighbor, Silas, saw the race start in a fair field and saw Obadiah putting his best foot forward and mending his gait at every step in an eagerness to make the creek, a good mile away. Obadiah, legging it at the peak of his effort, managed to make the bank a scant few feet in advance of the bull and essayed to leap the thirty feet between the banks. He landed in the middle of the creek. Silas observed this dispassionately and looked back over the mile of field with a judging eye. He hitched his shoulder and spoke: "You cert nly can't spect to jump that creek, Obadiah, 'thout gittin' a longer runnin' start 'n that."—New York Post. Bleeding by Bowshot. That all diseases can be cured by bleeding is still firmly believed by several savage tribes and especially by the Papuan negroes. When one of their physicians becomes convinced that it is necessary to bleed a patient he goes several feet in front of him, and then, drawing his bow he fits a sharp pointed arrow to it and, after careful aim, fires the arrow into the vein which he desires to open. The arrow, it is said, invariably goes straight to the mark, and the thorn or splinter of glass with which it is tipped does the work as successfully as a lance. Moreover, the patients never show the slightest fear, since they are convinced that from the moment the arrows pierce their veins they will begin to recover. True to the Role The needle of the compass does not always point directly north. It is subject to daily and yearly variations, as well as those which require centuries to complete. The needle is, however, "true to the pole," although it shifts thus every hour in the day. It does so only in obedience to the laws which control its action. Variations which are constantly taking place in the terrestrial magnetism produce corresponding changes in the needle. Mercury's Accident "What's the matter with your office boy?" "He hurt himself while running when I sent him on an errand the other day." "Come off! You don't mean to say"— "I do. He never did the errand, but he found out why a horse had fallen down in the street."—Cleveland Leader. Can This Be True? "Why is it that you never hear of any female after dinner speakers?" asked the old fogy. "I suppose it's because a woman tells all she knows before dinner is half over," replied the grouch.—Spokane Review. Well Satisfied. "Old Grabber ought to be satisfied with the money he has." "He is satisfied—so much so that he wants a lot more of exactly the same kind."—London Tit.Bits. Genuine Faith Cure Towne—Do I understand you to say that Spencer's case was really a faith cure? Browne—Yes. You see, the doctor and the druggist both trusted him.—Exchange. Charles Kingsley flung this sentence into the balance on the side of marriage: "People talk of love ending at the altar. Fools" THE BROAD AX. CHICAGO. NOVEMBER 13. 1915. England's Great Seal. The great seal of England is, says the London Chronicle, a more elaborate article than most people imagine. It costs about $3,500 to make it, and it consists of two heavy silver plates, in one of which is cut the die for the front of the seal and in the other that for the back. When the seal is to be affixed to a document a lump of wax is softened in hot water and cooled in cold water, after which it is placed between the two plates and pressed. It comes out in the shape of a disk, with an impression on each side. Formerly there was an official attached to the seal who was quite as proud of his office as the lord chancellor was of his. That was "Chaffwax," whose sole business was to melt the wax and to take the impressions of the great seal as often as required. The writer remembers the last of the "Chaffwaxes," a rosy cheeked old gentleman who lived long to enjoy the pension that a grateful country granted him for his important services. Those services are now performed by an unnamed subordinate in the chancellor's office. Italy's Ancestral Glories Three times has Italy ruled over Europe. She has sat on the political throne under the Caesars, on the ecclesiastical throne under the popes from Gregory the Great to Leo X. and on the intellectual throne of the renaissance. These things every Italian family remembers. Augustus Caesar and Trajan, Hildebrand and Innocent III., Dante and Petrarch, Michelangelo and Raphael, Galilei and Bruno are in his mouth like household words. The Italian does not consider himself and us as equals; he accepts, he believes in, modern democracy, but deep in his heart he is an aristocrat, haughtily proud of his long descent and his ancestral glories. When thinking of Italians one must always bear in mind that they, out of all the peoples of Europe, have the most glorious past and that they are conscious of it to the quick.—Henry Dwight Sedgwick in Yale Review. Balzac's Way. Jules Sandeau related that one time while living in Paris Balzac locked himself up in his room for twenty-two days and twenty-two nights, refusing to see any one and keeping the curtains closed and the lights continually burning even in broad daylight. The only human being he saw during this time was his servant, whom he rang for when he felt the need of food, which he washed down with numerous cups of coffee. He would throw himself on his bed only when entirely exhausted from lack of sleep, and he remained in complete ignorance of what was transpiring outside, the state of the weather and even of the time and day of the week. He only freed himself from this voluntary captivity when he had written the word "End" on the last page of the manuscript he began when he entered his prison. After Death. It is irrational to think death ends all, for then life is gone and annihilated, and it is just as though it had never been. A life can in nowise be destroyed by death. What has once been experienced is an eternal and indelible constituent of reality never more to be erased or altered. It is a foolish doubt which Karl Moor expresses with the pistol in his hand, "If the paltry pressure of this paltry thing makes the wise man and the fool, the coward and the hero, the noble and the villain, equal"—That cannot be. Death severs the thread of the earthly life, but the content of life can neither be altered nor annihilated by it. Reality is eternal in its essence. Nothing that is real can, to quote Angelus Silesius, ever perish and cease to be—Professor Friedrich Paulsen, University of Berlin, in "A System of Ethics." Boiled Nettles The countryman knows more about economy than the townsman when it comes to a matter of vegetables. A correspondent reports a conversation overheard in a village inn in Hertfordshire in this present year of grace. Vegetables were under discussion, and spinach was mentioned. "Not bad," one gourmet admitted, "but give me nettles," and inquiry has shown that the two are not dissimilar in taste. Another forgotten "vegetable" is the primrose. Primrose pasties were once a popular dish in Lancashire.-London Standard. Same, but Different. Visitor — Are old Stegbauer and Schattlebner still carrying on that everlasting lawsuit of theirs about the boundary? Native—Not those two any longer, but their lawyers are. Visitor—How's that? Native—Oh, the farm belongs to them now.—Meggendorfer Blaetter. The True Enthusiast "Does your motorcar give you much trouble?" "Trouble!" exclaimed Mr. Chuggins enthusiastically. "I should say it did! Why, repairing that car when it gets out of order is about the only real fun I get out of life."—Washington Star. London's Great Fire The great fire of London in 1660 started in a house on Pudding lane and ended at Plecrust alley. Thirteen thousand two hundred houses were burned, including eighty-nine churches. Highly Rated. She—She died worth $25,000 and left her husband $5. He—Well, some husbands are "one man in a thousand"—hers was one in five thousand.—Judge A Good Break. The Shopper (in china shop to salesman) You don't break these sets. I presume. The Salesman -No'm, but our errand boy does sometimes. Puzzle of the Arctic Tern. Ornithologists have finally awarded first place as migrator to the arctic tern. Recent investigations have proved beyond all question that this bird of mystery makes a flight every year totaling 22,000 miles. It is on the wing literally twenty weeks out of the fifty-two, with a daily average flight of approximately 150 miles. When it is winter in the northern hemisphere the tern is feeding at the edge of the antarctic circle, far south of Cape Horn. When spring banishes winter it returns to the arctic, 11,000 miles away from its winter quarters, to build its nest in the arctic regions. Almost with mathematical precision the tern arrives in the north every year on June 15 and on Aug. 25 begins its long southern flight. Curiously enough, reports of the birds seen en route are exceedingly rare. One or two have been seen in the last three or four years along the Long Island shore, but beyond this clew to the course they pursue nothing at all is known of the route they follow.—Philadelphia Record. A Painter's Troubles The desire of the Bank of England officials to discover forgers has sometimes led to curious mistakes. On one occasion the painter, George Morland, in his eagerness to avoid his duns, retired to an obscure hiding place in Hackney, where his anxious looks and secluded manner of life induced some of his neighbors to believe him a forger of notes then in existence. The directors, on being informed, dispatched some dexterous detectives to the residence, but Morland's suspicions were aroused by their movements in front of the house and, thinking them bailiffs, escaped from the back to London. Mrs. Morland informed the visitors of her husband's name and showed them some unfinished pictures. The facts were reported to the directors, who presented Morland with two twenty-pound notes by way of compensation for the alarm. The Making of a Word. Few new words can have been brought into the world with so much formality as "telegram," which, like many other words, was coined in America. On April 27, 1852, the Daily American Telegraph published an editorial note: "Telegram means to write from a distance; telegram, the writing itself executed from a distance; monogram, logogram, etc., are words formed upon the same analogy and in good acceptance. Hence 'telegram' is the appropriate heading of a telegraphic dispatch. Well, we'll go it!" When the word crossed the Atlantic and the Times displaced the heading "News by Electric Telegraph" for "Telegrams" a heated discussion arose as to its misadmissibility. This reached such a pitch that a pamphlet was published entitled "The Telegraph and Telepheme Controversy." -London Mirror. The Jellyfish. The bay of Naples abounds in medusae, or jellyfish, often growing as large as two feet in diameter and weighing fifty and sixty pounds. Some of them shine at night with a greenish light and are known as noctiluca (night lanterns) by the natives. The jellyfish sometimes make migrations in great groups, sometimes so large and so thick as to impede the navigation of vessels, like the floating plants in the Sargasso sea of the tropics. These shoals of medusae, as they are called, may be so dense that a piece of timber plunged in among them will be held upright as if stuck in the mud, and ordinary rowboats cannot force their way through them. Their migrations have never been explained. They are irregular and occur at no particular season of the year and under no particular influences. Maker of Dictionaries Not Envied. Can any one envy the maker of dictionaryies? To Sir James Murray the readers were drawn in, those who were to garner words. Some hundred thousand "works" were examined by a staff of assistants with two eyes and a bit of brain, and they may have got the spelling right. But think of the task of the searcher, going through the books he loves in the search for a word! And missing all else. For the man with the demand upon him would read the Bible with one eye for misprints. No such torture for the lover of literature could be devised like the making of a dictionary.—London Chronicle. Just Suited. "Why do you go with that young man? He isn't making enough money to be married." "But he is making enough money to provide theater seats and auto rides for Tuesdays and Fridays, and I have those evenings to spare."—Louisville Courier-Journal. Bubbing It In: He—If you find me so lacking in the qualities you admire, why on earth did you ever marry me? She—There you go making things worse. You know very well I dislike particularly being asked questions that admit of no reasonable answer. — Richmond Times-Dispatch. Premonitory. Junlot—So you didn't propose to her, after all? Weed—No. And I'm not going to. When I got to her house I found her chasing a mouse with a broom—Puck. Hereditary. Hoax—Poor old Henpecke has to mind the baby. Joax—Yes. It's wonderful how that baby takes after its mother.—Philadelphia Record. Bad men excuse their faults; good men leave them.—Johnson. Echo of Sound. An echo is a sound reflected from a distant surface. Sound is produced by waves or pulses of the air, and when those waves come in contact with a cliff or wall or other opposing surface they are reflected like light or heat, and the returning waves cause a repetition of the sound. The word echo is of Greek origin. According to ancient mythology, it was the name of a mountain nymph, daughter of the air and the earth. Echo was one of Juno's attendants, but her loquacity displeased Jupiter, so she was deprived of the power of speech by Juno and permitted to answer only when she was spoken to. Afterward Echo fell in love with a beautiful youth named Narcissus and was changed into a stone, which still retained the power of voice. Milton personifies her thus: Sweet Echo, sweetest nymph, that liv's unseen Within thy airy shell, By slow Meander's margent green, Can trust no men of the gentle pain That likest thy Marcus are? —Philadelphia Press. Unearned Gratitude A sample of the late Dr. William Everett's caustic repartee: "I always experience a sense of deep obligation to you whenever I meet you or hear of you," said George Babbitt to Dr. Everett one morning when they found themselves pacing the deck of an ocean steamer together. "Why so?" piped the doctor. "Because," said Mr. Babbitt, "I recall that I was once so fortunate as to win the Boyleston prize for oratory at Harvard, and you were chairman of the board of judges." "I remember it perfectly well," rejoined the brusque doctor. "The judges were five in number. At the conclusion of the speaking we retired to consider the merits of the contestants. It was moved that you be awarded a first prize. On that motion the vote was 3 to 2 in your favor. I was one of the two."—Boston Transcript Geographical Forenames. The name "Dardanelles," which one girl baby bears, is more musical than some geographical names with which children are burdened. Mrs. Andrew Lang tells of a family where the babies were named after the places where the father happened to be when he heard of their births. He being a courier, there were a St. Petersburg and a Naples, Kattegat and Skagarler were the twins, while the only daughter was named Vienna. Another curious geographical name is recorded in the "Souvenirs du Chevaller de Cussy." In 1820, when attached to the French embassy at Berlin, he met a Countess Bernstorff, who had been christened America because she was born there during the war of independence, her father at that time being in command of a Hessian regiment—Pall Mall Gazette. The Arch. The consensus of opinion among the learned is to the effect that the arch was invented by the Romans. Some claim that Archimedes of Sicily was the inventor, while there are others who would make it to be of Etrurian origin, but there can be no doubt about the fact that the Romans were the first to apply the principle to architecture. The earliest instance of its use is in the case of the Cloaca Maxima, or greatest sewer, of Rome, built about 588 B. C. by the first of the Tarquini line of kings a work which is regarded by the historians as being one of the most stupendous monuments of antiquity. Built entirely without cement, it is still doing duty after a service of almost twenty-five centuries—New York American. Snubbed His Old Friends In the old days a miner who had toled and suffered in the Klondike and then struck it rich returned to Puget sound after two years of isolation in the far north. He sought out a restaurant. "Bring me $5 worth of beans," he told the waiter. Remarking to himself that this fellow certainly must be fond of beans, the amazed waiter complied, heaping up the table around the dinner with a veritable mountain of baked beans. "Now," said the Klondiker, "take that stuff away and bring me something to eat. It has cost me $5, but I just wanted to show those blank beans that I don't have to eat any more of 'em, now that I'm in a white man's land again."—Tacoma Ledger. Rameses J. Rameses I. was the first king of the nineteenth dynasty in Egypt and ruled for a brief period about B. C. 1355. Beyond the fact that he waged war in Nubia, where he left an inscription and constructed some of the buildings of the Karnak, little is known of his reign. His mummy was found in 1881 at Deir-el-Bahr. His son, Seti I., built the Memnonium at Karnak in honor of his father's memory. Old Postal Rates. Our postal rates in 1824 were excessive. To send a letter thirty-six miles the cost was 6 cents. For over 400 miles the uniform rate was 25 cents, and as the mails were transported by stage coaches, the process was a slow one. So He Would. If a man was only as careful of his hat and clothes at the end of a month as he is at the end of the first day he would always look well dressed.—Pittsburgh Sun. Hard to Rime. Some of the hardest words to find rimes for are month, porringer, polka silver, chilunney, Lisbon, window and widow. Skillful pilots gain their reputation from storms and tempests.—Eulcursus. PAGE THREE Keir Hardie's Rough Attire. James Keir Hardie, the British labor leader, never relinquished his working class garb, and many were the occasions when his rough attire led to mistakes on the part of others. One story is that Keir Hardie, then many, years an M. P., was challenged by a policeman outside the house of commons. The officer asked Mr. Hardie if he was working there. "Yes." "On the roof?" (which was undergoing repair). "No," answered the leader of the Independent Labor party, "on the floor." Another time a landlady refused to let him have rooms until he gave references. He looked too rough. The good woman was astonished when Mr. Hardie named a number of the most prominent men in parliament. He was arrested in Belgium once on suspicion of being in collusion with a notorious anarchist whom the police had detained. The Belgian police never could understand why a British M. P. was not elaborately attired.—Philadelphia Ledger. How to Slay a Grudge. "I forgave you once, and I won't forgive you again." This is what we heard one brother say to another who had unwittingly broken his chisel for the second time. He would not listen to an explanation. "You shall not use another of my tools." he continued. The next day he wanted to borrow a book from that brother. But before he asked for it he remembered he had said he would not lend his tools any more. He said to himself: "Well, I don't care if I did. He owes me something for breaking the tool, so I will just ask for the book." And he did. "Certainly you can have it and keep it as long as you want it," replied the brother without one bit of grudge in his heart. The effect was good, for the very next day he asked his brother to go with him into the tool room, and there he said, "You can use any of them if you wish, only please be careful not to break them." The grudge had disappeared.—Christian Herald. The Oldest Death Sentence The oldest death sentence extant is found in the Amherst papyri containing the trials of state criminals in Egypt, about 1300 B. C. The criminal in this case was found guilty of magic, which his judges state "was worthy of death, which he carried out, and he killed himself," apparently by stabbing, as in the Japanese harakiri, which is also of very ancient origin. Among less civilized peoples drowning would seem to have been the earliest method of legal punishment, for about 450 B. C. the Britons killed their criminals by throwing them into a quagmire. Of other than capital punishments the oldest recorded comes from Chaldea, where it was enacted some 6,000 years ago that when any one maimed a slave "the hand that thus offended should pay him each day a measure of corn." They Paid the Price "The corporation of the city of Glasgow wanted to purchase the Whistler portrait of Carlyle and in due course waited on the master of the gentle art of making enemies about the price (1,000 gulneas. They admitted it was a magnificent picture, but "Do you not think, Mr. Whistler, the sum a wee, wee bit excessive?" "Didn't you know the price before you came to me?" asked the master, with suspicious blandness. "Oh, aye, we knew that!" replied the corporation. "Very well, then," said Mr. Whistler in his suavest tones, "let's talk of something else." And as there was nothing else of interest to detain the "corporation" they paid the price and made an excellent bargain. An Eve For His Colors. Haiti appears to breed a spirit of sensitive patriotism unknown in other countries. Some years ago a general in the Haitian army ordered an artificial eye. The maker did his best to execute the order satisfactorily, but the eye was returned from Port an Prince, with a letter complaining that "the eye you forwarded me is of a tint that resembles the Spanish flag. I am far too patriotic to wear any colors but those of my own country." After ascertaining from the ministry of marine the colors of the Haitian standard a scarlet and green eye was dispatched, and this met with enthusiastic approval. Purdie's Panacea. Tom Purdle, an old manservant in Sir Walter Scott's household, used to talk of the famous "Waverley Novels" as "our books" and said that the reading of them was the greatest comfort to him. "Whenever I am off my sleep," he confided to James Skene, the author of "Memories of Sir Walter Scott," "I have only to take one of the novels, and before I have read two pages it is sure to set me asleep." Flooding the Magazine A flooding device to prevent the explosion of the powder magazine is fitted to most big battleships. By simply turning on a number of taps sea water is allowed to rush through pipes into the powder store, which is rendered harmless in case of fire. The Idea. "I see where a very clever dog is the star of a play lately produced." "I suppose they, did that to make it a howling success."—Baltimore American. Colored Goldfish The artificial coloring of goldfish to meet prevailing tastes by keeping them in water containing certain chemicals is extensively carried on in Sicily. Every base occupation makes one sharp in its practice and dull in every other.-Sir Phillip Sidney. Agents and Correspondents Wanted to Handle THE BROAD AX. Liberal Commissions to Live Agents. Address, Julius F.Taylor, 6532 St. Lawrence Av., Chicago Agents a BRO Addr THE BROAD AX PUBLISHED WEEKLY. Will promulgate and of all times uphold the true principles of Democracy, but Conflictless, Protestant, Priests, Infidels, Single Taxes, Republicans, or anyone else can have their say, as long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, even distilling the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in advance. One Year.....$3.00 Six Months.....1.00 Advertising rates made known on application. Address all communications to THE BROAD AX 6532 ST. LAWRENCE AVE., CHICAGO, ILL PHONE WENTWORTH 2597 JULIES F. TAYLOR, Editor and Publisher Entered as Second-Class Matter Aug. 18, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago, Illinois, under Act of March 8, 1879. REMOVAL NOTICE From on and after this date, all letters or other mail matter intended for Julius F. Taylor or Mrs. Annie E. Taylor or The Broad Ax, should be addressed to 6532 St. Lawrence Ave., Jackson Park station. Phone Wentworth. 2597. RULES AND INSTRUCTIONS GOVERNING THE GREAT SIXTH ANNUAL ESSAY CONTEST. Subject; What is the Greatest Hinderance to the Advancement of the Negro in the United States of America. This Contest will be held Sunday afternoon, December 19th, at Olivet Baptist Church, beginning promptly at 2:30 o'clock; and will be held under the auspices of the Standard Literary Society of Olivet Church. II. The Contestants are the following named persons: Miss S. Mattie Fisher and Mr. W. E. King, Standard Literary Society; Miss Leonora T. Curtis, Jolly Twenty Club; Miss Gladys McAlister and Mr. John W. Felton, University Society; Miss Marie Goings and Mr. William Powell, Star Literary of Ebenezer; and Miss Leonora Webster and Mr. Chas. A. Munday, St. Mark Lyceum. III. Each Contestant will be given from Thursday, November 11th to Wednesday, December 1st, to write the Essay which must not contain more than 2,000 words and must be delivered in fifteen minutes. The essay must be typewritten. IV. Each essay must be sent to the Promoters on or before Wednesday, December 1st. It will then be delivered to the Judges, who will keep them until Tuesday, December 14th. On Wednesday, December 15th the essay will be secured from the Judges and will be returned to the Contestants. Each Contestant is requested not to write his or her name on the essay when giving it to the Promoters. V. Each literary organization represented in this Contest is requested to appoint a Judge, (one who is competent to render a fair and impartial decision in a Contest of this nature), secure his acceptance in writing, and forward same, with his address, to the Promoters not later than Tuesday, November 30th. VI. The following is the scale upon which each essay will be rated: Knowledge of Subject counting 50%; Composition counting 30%; and Delivery counting 20%. Each essay will be numbered so that the Judges will know the essays by number only. In rating the essays the Judges will mark on "Knowledge of Subject" and "Composition" independently of each other when the essays are rotated between them. These ratings will be made on specially printed sheets and when the essays are given back to the promoters from the Judges, these rating sheets will also be given up in sealed envelopes, which will not be opened until after the rating on "Delivery" is made. When --- the essays are delivered, the rating will be made on "Delivery," after which a recapitulation will be made to ascertain each Contestant's mark. VII. The Promoters are exerting every effort to have this a fair and impartial Contest, therefore all persons entering the Contest are requested to be guided by these rules and see to it that all essays are delivered to the Promoters in the form herewith prescribed and on the proper date. No essay will be received later than Wednesday, December 1st. VIII. Because of the great expense attached to these Contests and also the small amounts which have been taken by ordinary collection in the past, which have not been sufficient to pay expenses, not considering being able to give a sum to the Churches at which they have been held, every person attending this Contest will be expected to give a silver offering at the door, thereby eliminating the taking of a collection during the rendition of the program. IX. PRIZES: A diamond ring to the lady and a gold watch and chain to the gentleman who is given the highest rating, donated by our friend, Dr. Louie Usselmann, No. 3150 State street, who has donated these prizes for the past five years. Respectfully submitted, B. W. FITTS, J. E. MITCHEM, Promoters. 3315 South State Street. A HOME SCHOOL FOR NEGRO GIRLS. Hampton, Va., Special to The Broad Ax. Colored women of Virginia, during eight long years full of hopes and disappointments, have struggled to do something worth while and immediately necessary for the wayward girls of their own race. Acting through the Virginia State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, these pioneers and leaders in social-service work have raised nearly $6,000, have bought a farm of 147 acres at Peake in Hanover County, Virginia, and opened what is known as the Industrial Home School for Colored Girls. The word wayward has been purposely omitted from the school's title. The Colored women of Virginia, working with their able president, Mrs Harris Barrett—a graduate of Hampton Institute and a successful settlement head worker—feel that the emphasis should be placed on the ideas of home, industry, and school, rather than on reform, correction, or waywardness. Virginia Colored club women have received from their White friends, including some of the most influential and aristocratic Virginians in private and public life, over two thousand dollars. Best of all, they have won and held, both in and out of Virginia, the hearty endorsement and sympathetic cooperation of hundreds of White people. Working together in harmony for a splendid cause they have received for the Industrial Home School an appropriation from the Virginia Legislature amounting to six thousand dollars—and the promise of more in proportion as the school helps to solve the difficult problem of handling successfully a group of wayward Colored girls. PHYLLIS WHEATLEY HOME NOTES. The Board of Managers met Tuesday, Nov. 2nd and were very well pleased with the reports of the various committees. The House Committee and the Social Educational Committee are doing unusually good work. The Board of Directors at their monthly meeting Nov. 8, voted out money to pay some of the various bills confronting them. The outlook for future success is very encouraging. The House Committee held an interesting meeting Tuesday afternoon at the residence of Mrs. Marchbank. The financial report showed that the Halloween'en party was a splendid success. One of the largest meetings yet held at the New Home was the one called under the auspices of the City Federation and responded to by the club women—Social Workers—Ministers and interested friends Monday evening Nov. 8th to meet in conference Mr. Eugene K. Jones, Associate Director of the National Urban League on Conditions Among Negroes. Mr. Jones spoke at length in a most interesting manner of the splendid sys- THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, NOVEMBER 13, 1915. [Name] COL. AUGUST W. MILLER. Lieut.-Col. of the Second Regiment Supt. of street Lieut.-Col. of the Second Regiment Illinois National Guards and the new Supt. of streets of Chicago. tematic and cooperative work being done by the League in New York and other cities. Everyone present voted that such a helpful organization doing such an effective work was needed in Chicago. The Phyllis Wheatley Woman's Club will meet at the Home 3256 Rhodes Ave., Wednesday, Nov. 17, at 2 P. M. The President of the Englewood Mother's Round Table Club will be the speaker and there will be good music. The Public is cordially invited. Twenty-two young women are now guests of the Home. HYDE PARK NEWS BY I. W. WASHINGTON Mrs. Joseph Gunn of 5548 Harper Ave., is quite sick, at this writing, she is one of the active social workers of Hyde Park. We wish for her a speedy recovery. * * * The Coronation Club is again active with its newly elective officers, it bids fair to accomplish a great work this fiscal year. Last Tuesday evening they gave a house social at the Residence of the president, Mrs. Cyrus W. Miller, 5338 Kenwood Ave. * * * Mrs. Lena Hawkins, the once familiar church organist of Hyde Park, is very sick at No. 3761 Vernon Ave. and would be pleased to see her many Hyde Park friends. Mrs. Henretta Lee of Harper Ave. is now convalescing after an illness of three weeks. She wishes to thank those who gave her words of comfort and good cheer for a little word of kindness, a little word of cheer, is helpful even in blindness, and the cheapest thing is kindness. Mr. James McGovern has become one of our Hyde Parkers, and believe the change will do him good. He at least feels that the pure air out here, is a reward of health. Thought is a wonderful thing in life's journey. A close observer certainly can find sufficient evidence to prove the truth of this statement. "That words once spoken, they never stop sounding. While catching a through car on the Cottage Grove car line, several persons got on just ahead of us, we noticed the silent expression of those who desired transfers, extending their hands to the conductor without saying a word, and of course we got the habit, and did likewise, which brought from him this laughable, but serious expression from the conductor. "Everybody in Hyde Park talks with their fingers." You may wonder why, we said, serious as well as laughable. Well just because he characterized his disgust of our actions by his epileptic demonstration. --- . . . Illinois National Guards and the new ests of Chicago. INSTITUTIONAL CHURCH NOTES. Rev. A. J. Bowling, Assistant Pastor is in charge of the Church at the present time. The Sunday School attendance was the largest had since the Exposition at the Auditorium. Mr. W. A. Wallace delivered an excellent address on "Bishop Payne as the Apostle of Education in the A. M. E. Church." Mr. Stark a local missionary gave some very pointed remarks on "The Church at Work in the Sunday School from a Spiritual Point of View." Sunday is Temperance Day and Judge Underwood and Attorney Walter M. Farmer, will deliver addresses. All are invited. There will be appropriate Church services both morning and evening. The Rev. P. M. Lewis will Preach in the morning. Thursday evening November 18th The Spirit of Tuskegee a five act drama will be given for the benefit of the Sunday School. IMPORTANT MEETING OF THE MEMBERS OF THE VARIOUS COLORED CLUBS. The Federation of all Colored organizations in the City of Chicago for mutual race protection, defense and advancement has become an actual possibility. Permanent officers will be elected Sunday, Nov. 14th at the Negro Fellowship Hall, 3005 State St., 3 P.M. Every organization standing for the uplift of the Negro is requested to send three delegates with their credentials and $1.00 joining fee. W. A. WALLACE, Pres. Pro Tem. MRS. IRENE MCOY GAINES, Sec. Pro Tem. THE APPOMATTO CLUER'S CAL ENDAR FOR NOVEMBER Saturday evening, November 13th. Smoker in Honor of Hon. Oscar Des Priest, Dr. U. G. Dailey, Edw. H. Wright and L. B. Anderson. Sunday, November 14th, 2 to 4 P.M. "The Status of Haiti. Mr. R. T. Grenner, Members and Friends. Friday, November 26th, 2 to 6 P. M. Cards for Ladies. Sunday, November 28th, 4 P. M. Musicale. Dancing every Saturday afternoon Cards and Billiards, Ad Libitum. Begin Small Payment Down Rather Spend All for Rent. 2-8 room houses in fine residential neighborhood, all conveniences, stone fronts, clean and best condition, ready to move in; bargain terms. Telephone Kenwood 3791. W. A. WALLACE. FOR SALE. Talks on Health, Cleanliness Proper Living Sanitation, Etc. 3300 So. State St. Phone Douglas 3617 HARDENING OF THE ARTERIES. In one of the daily newspapers of this city a New York physician is correctly or incorrectly quoted as saying that arterial hardening is a racial characteristic. Of all the tommy rot concerning the so-called racial characteristics this one is hardest to swallow. Osler in his text book Practice of Medicine says there are many causes of the disease; he gives eight general causes. He does not indulge in the racial tommy rot as was thrust upon the credulous people on Tuesday last by the above mentioned newspaper. A review of the medical literature shows that all investigators are agreed that hardening of the arteries is caused by overeating, alcoholic beverages, gout, lead, overuse of muscles, the strain of modern life, worry, overwork, too short hours of sleep, chronic states that produce high blood pressure, syphilis and other intoxication. Some observers claim and with much evidence that meat eating is a potential cause. All agree the errors in diet both as to quantity as well as quality produce hardening of the arteries. Renal or kidney disease as found in hardening of the arteries shows a dieticic causation. In the treatment of the various forms of the disease the eating of meat is regarded as injurious. Meat raises blood pressure which does the damage to the arterial walls. Pyorrhea alveolaris, a disease of the gums MERCHANT SUED BY A QUADROON. Manicure Asserts Ardent Wooer Jilted Her; Asks $10,000. A story of taxi rides, cafe parties, and swift, irresistible wooing is told by Mrs. Eloise Lewis, quadroon manicure, in explanation of a $10,000 breach of promise suit which she has filed against Charles H. Heller, president of the North American Supply Company, general merchants at 6103 South Halsted street. Mr. Heller denies it all; she simply did not. wish to pay a bill for goods bought from his firm. Yes, he did take her out in a taxi—once. And he did visit her at her home, 20 East Forty-fourth street. But he never proposed marriage. Savs He Showered Gifts Mrs. Lewis, who is a widow, filed her suit in the Circuit Court, through Attorney George W. Ellis. Accompanying the praecipe was an affidavit setting forth that Mr. Heller had presented her with some house goods, had entertained her, and had proposed marriage. Mrs. Lewis was busy yesterday at the Mecca barber shop with orange sticks and pumice stone. But she formed her customers into a waiting line and turned aside to explain everything. "Mr. Heller came to the home of my sister, Mrs. Henry White, with whom I am living, early in September," she said. "Well, he talked to my sister and went away. But a few days later he returned. He said he had come to see me because—he liked me. He liked me better than any White girl he had ever met and he wouldn't have any one but me. Thought He Was Sincere. "Now, I thought he was sincere. I had been honorably married, you know, and my husband had been an honorable Colored gentleman. He died about a year ago in Kansas City, where I then lived. So I had to become a manicure. "The next week he visited me at the barber shop, and I attended him. Right there, in front of everybody, he called me 'Sweetheart,' and he told the barber, 'That little girl there is the future Mrs. Charles H. Heller.' [Picture of a man in a suit and tie]. and a pus producing process is held to be a causative agent. It is a disease of middle and advanced life. It is of slow growth. It probably starts with the errors of early life and gathers the compound interest which is paid when the harvest time of life is reached. It grows so slowly that it presents no symptoms the first five years of its attack. The next few years it shows only obscure evidence. It often shows itself suddenly by paralysis, hemorrhage of the brain or other organic hemorrhages as well as by certain eye symptoms. The treatment depends upon the cause. The causative agent in most cases is "high living," overeating and improper food. Osler says that Chittenden's researches have shown that we require much less nitrogenous food to maintain a standard of perfect health—a lesson that the Hindoos and Japanese have also taught us. He also says that George Cheyne's aphorism contains a volume of dietetic wisdom: "Every wise man, after fifty, ought to begin to lessen at least the quantity of his Aliment, and if he would continue free of great and dangerous Distempers and preserve his Senses and Faculties clear to the last he ought every seven years go on abating gradually and sensibly, and at last descend out of Life as he ascended into it, even into the Child's Diet." Fast sometimes! "On Oct. 6 he took me out to dinner again. In the meantime he had given me a rug and some lace curtains. And this night—Oct. 6—he came home with me and told my sister and her husband he was going to marry me. And he wanted me to marry him right away." Mr. Heller lives at 5809 South Halsted street with some relatives. He is unmarried. "I took her in a taxi only once," he said. "I entertained her. But, honestly, I never promised to marry her." BEAUTIFUL 10 ROOM HOUSE FOR SALE. FOR SALE—Newly decorated 10 room house, all conveniences at a bargain; will make excellent terms if sold soon. Open for inspection. 3346 South Park Avenue. Owner—Randolph 3770. CHIPS Mrs. Florence Woodward, 3242 Calumet avenue, sister of Mrs. Harry Stanton Brown, has been on the sick list for the past week. G. W. Sublett, 356 E. 53rd street, who is one of the old ex-members of Quinn chapel, has been seriously ill for some time. Its members and his many friends wish him a speedy recovery. Carey B. Lewis, has the profound sympathy of a large circle of friends not only in this city but throughout the country over the recent death of his mother, Mrs. Lewis, at her home in Louisville, Kentucky. Mrs. Jane Leatheridge, 3927 Prairie avenue, who for some time was one of the stewardesses of Bethel church, passed away last week in St. Paul, Minn., while on a visit to that city. Her remains were brought back to this city, funeral services being held over them Sunday morning at Institutional church. It is said, that Rev. Smythe, would not permit the services to be held at Bethel for some cause or other and Mrs. Leatheridge was a member of Talma Chapter O. E. S. and she was also a member of the Household of Ruth. Her remains were laid to rest in Mt. Greenwood Cemetery. Charles S. Jackson was in charge. Charles E. Stump Continues His Travels Through the South. He has been Spending Some Time in Petersburg, Virginia, and from There He Will Wend His Way on to Mississippi HEAR Mme. Marie Burton-Hyram ASSISTED BY MR. HUGH BUCHANAN Tenor MR. W. E. GOSSETTE Organ and Piano St. Mark Methodist Episcopal Church 50th Street and Wabash Avenue Monday, Nov. 22nd, 8:30 sharp ADMISSION 25 cents Reserved Seats 35 cents MRS. JOHN W. ROBINSON, Chairman Petersburg, Va.—From this you will see that I have made some jump from Kansas, and I am learning a little bit about this southland, and I am just getting my eyes opened and there is no getting around this, and this trip here has been an eye opener. When I took my pen in hand to write you a few lines the last time and to try my hand on writing for a newspaper, I was in Normal, Ala., and I have been to some few places since that time, and I don't mind telling you about it if you will only take time and listen to me. I may have to quit and go to school a little bit, because I find that I am no up on grammar and dictionary, although I may be able to say some few things in Latin, and get out a German and Greek sound here and there, but then I had a man to tell me that I did not know what I was talking about and I could not dispute him. What a pity. I told you about Normal, and them educated people down there, and then I left there on morning about 5 o'clock for Chattanooga, Tenn., where I had the pleasure of meeting many people. I stopped at the home of Mrs. Hattie Johnson. She is some cooking woman and had a large number of people to feed. I was very much impressed with the business of G. W. Franklin, Jr., who is an undertaker, a planter of human bodies, and when he plants them in the earth they are to remain there until judgment, unless sooner called up by a Divine voice. He is well fixed for the business. I remained in the City over night. Had the pleasure of going to the high school meeting the teachers, and especially Miss Katie Brown, and her sister, who invited me to visit their homes. It was Friday morning that I got in on the N. C. & St. L., wagon headed for Atlanta, Ga., and I took pleasure in going there and this you must certainly believe. I am getting a little used to this Jim Crow business, and just took my place in there like a little man. It was the end of a baggage car. But then there was a man riding in there. I was sleeping in that wagon for who could last the longest until a woman disturbed me with her troubles. She told me that I looked like her lost husband. "I married a man, and had some property, and $1,100 in cold cash. Now that scamp had me to sell my property, put all my cash in his hands, and said he was just going to buy out a business that would pay $30,000 a year and he was going to buy me a horseless carriage, and I should not even eat for myself, but would hire servants to eat for me. It was three years ago, and I don't know where he is. He left one old coat and a pocket knife, and I could only realize 30 cents on the two articles." I assured her that I was not her husband, but a farmer from Kansas just starting out, "But my husband is better looking than you," she assured me, and I accepted it in good grace, and was glad to get off at that. I reached Atlanta Saturday morning, and you wil believe me my people are doing some business here in this town. I will have to tell you about them in some other letter, because I want to tell you about something what is going on here in this city of Petersburg. I spent just a little time in Knoxville, Tenn. Had the pleasure of meeting Rev. W. A. Jones, pastor of the Mt. Zion Baptist church. Spent Sunday with him, then on to meet Editor W. L. Porter, editor of the East Tennessee News, and when I got through with Porter, I went on to see Dr. Jones, or on to Bristol. I left Knoxville, about 4 o'clock Monday morning, going directly to Bristol where I spent only 2 hours. Bristol is just on the line of Tennessee and Virginia. Some of it is in Virginia and some in Tennessee. It was interesting to me to stand in one state and talk to some one in the other. On then to Roanoke, Va., and then to Salem, Bedford City, and Petersburg, where I am now writing to you. I am here attending a new meeting. It is the Negro Organization Society. This is an organization of organizations. It was conceived by Major R. R. Moton, of Hampton Institute, and it has for its object "Better homes, better schools, better farms, better health." During the session of the meeting every phase was well discussed and brought before the people. It was at this meeting where I got a different idea of the south. It is not as bad as one might think. I saw White men and Black men all together on the same rostrum, and talking about the same things. I heard them give their ideas, and then talk about what should be done for each other. I never expected to see men and women of the two races together on the same rostrum in the south. It is to be regretted that I learned we were dying so many and so close together. In some places in Virginia the death rate is larger than the birth right, and that applies to Petersburg. They are thinking out some plan for a change in this condition. It would be of interest for me to tell you some of the people I met at the meeting. Prof. W. T. B. Williams, Capt. Allen Washington, of Hampton, Prof. J. M. Gandy, president of the state school known as the V. N. & I. I.; Rev. J. E. Jones, of the Union University, Prof. T. C. Irwin, Lawyer T. C. Walker! R. E. Clay, of Bristol, and then say nothing about the many women I met. During my stay in Petersburg, I am the guest of Miss L. Johnson, principal of one of the schools, and I wish you could have seen me trying to impress her that I was an educated man. I just made a mess of it, and I think that I will not try it again soon. Perhaps you will want to know something about the organization and what was done, and then something about Major Moton. I will have to bring this before you in my next letter. I will be on my way to Mississippi and will be there when you read this letter. THE BROAD AX. CHICAGO. NOVEMBER 13. 1915 What is a Camper? The world now knows the answer to the momentous question, What is a camper? The United States public health service gives the information in these few simple words: "Campers are persons who, of their own volition or through the enticement of others, revert to primeval modes of existence and ostensibly obtain enjoyment therefrom. Both place and persons then favor the development of irregularities, encourage more or less irresponsibility and lead to immediate wildness. In this there is no harm and often much good. However, one thing should not be forgotten—the arrangements. Allow the 'animals' to break loose once more for the seasonal enjoyment, but by all means the camp sanitary, so that in their wildness they will do no harm." Add to this the ability to balance a dough god on the left knee, hold a cup of coffee in the right hand and brush a black fly off the right ear with the left hand, and you have the complete camper.—Outing. Not Guilty. Marcus Pickney had been arrested through the activities of his 200 pound Scotch wife, and the palr were facing the judge. It seemed that Pickney, was a shiftless, ne'er-do-well, lazy man, with a strong disinclination to honest toll. Moreover, he was in the habit of coming home "corned" and beating his thrifty better half. It was on the occasion of the last of these episodes that she had brought about his arrest. After patiently hearing testimony the judge said: "Mrs. Pickney, it seems to me that this is a case where prosecution is possible for nonsupport." "Oh, your honor," walled the excited woman, "they can't bring that up agin! me! I've took in washin' and giv' him what you might say was fine livin' ever since we was marrit. No; he can't accuse me of that, judge."—Case and Comment. The Fame of Newburyport I asked the old negro porter at the inn at Newburyport what the town was principally noted for, and he answered its purity and the landing here of the Slamese twins. He added that they both dead, and I do not know whether he referred to the two attractions, purity and the Slamese, or simply to the twins. I was shocked that he did not speak of Washington and Lafayette, who had slept in a neighboring mansion, but notables who were not freakish by nature he held in small esteem. Even the hotel clerk was rather blase about these distinguished guests, opining that the two gentlemen, if one could judge by tablets all over the county, slept more than any other men in history.—Louise Closser Hale in Century Magazine. Not What He Expected. This story is told by an English naval officer who witnessed the occurrence at Manla: "As I was crossing one of the numerous bridges across the Pasig river I saw a native Filipino spit in the face of a Spanish officer and then run for protection to the American sentinel, who was pacing the bridge. It was some time before the Filipino could make himself understood. When the sentry comprehended his action he was very prompt indeed. He handed his gun to the Spanish officer, caught the native by the nape of his neck and the seat of his trousers and pitched him off the bridge into the Pasig river. Then he calmly took his gun from the officer and began pacing his beat as if nothing had happened." A Queer Floating Island. There is a floating island in Derwentwater, England, not far from Lodore falls. Its travels are restricted to alternations between the bottom of the lake and the surface. When moved to retirement it sinks and remains in watery seclusion for periods which vary from a few months to as long as seven or eight years. Its existence above or below water appears to be determined by the presence within the island of gases whose quantity governs its buoyancy. Esthwaite lake, in the same neighborhood, boasts a not less puzzling but more amenable island. This has served as a ferryboat to conduct as many as fifteen persons at a time across the bosom of the water upon which it rides. Courtesy. Shall courtesy be done only to the rich and only by the rich? In good breeding, which differs, if at all, from high breeding only as it gracefully remembers the rights of others rather than gracefully insists on its own rights, I discern no special connection with wealth or birth, but rather that it lies in human nature itself, and is due from all men toward all men.—Carlyle. Beyond Him. "I cawn't comprehend," said Cholly Tanspatts, "how it—aw—can be that the moon, doncherknow, makes the—aw—tides rise and fall—aw—when they rise and fall just the same when we—aw—have no moon, doncherknow, deaf boy!" -Browning's Magazine. Suitable. "So you think Katherine made a very suitable match?" "Yes, indeed; you know what a nervous, excitable girl she was. Well, she married a composer." Not Too Obscure. Artist's Wife (during quarrel)—You were quite obscure before I married you. Artist—You didn't have any trouble in finding me—Boston Transcript Nothing is stronger than aversion—Wycherly. Like Rudyard Kipling, the famous novelist, Hall Calne has a great dislike for the autograph "fiend," and he has to be a clever collector who can get the signature of the author of "The Manxman." On one occasion, however, Mr. Hall Calne was beaten by a very smart trick. While on a visit to America he was besieged by autograph hunters, but he refused them all. Then one day a porter at his hotel brought him a registered letter. He was asked to sign a receipt, and was then informed that he must sign a second paper which had to be returned to the sender of the letter. Quite unused to American ways, he did so, and when he opened the letter, after the porter had retired, his astonishment may be imagined when he found that it contained nothing but a note of thanks for his autograph, which he had of course appended to the paper!-Pearson's. Expense Didn't Bother Him That the East Indian of wealth is a luxury loving individual and cares no more for his rupees than does the Pittsburgh millionaire for dollars when entertaining is shown by the following example: One afternoon an Indian gentleman, clad in modern English garments, entered the salesroom of an automobile firm in Calcutta. The visitor was met by the salesman, who proceeded to explain the various good points of five electric vehicles on exhibition. The Indian stopped him with a wave of his stick and said: "Send them to my palace at once." "Which ones?" asked the surprised salesman. "All of them," was the answer. The purchaser was the nizam of Hairabad, and the above incident is related by T. K. Stuart, an American electrical engineer, who knows India by heart from long experience. An Old London Paper. On Sept. 8, 1606, a special number of the London Gazette was issued, the reason being, as described in its first paragraph: "The ordinary course of this paper having been interrupted by a sad and lamentable accident of fire lately happened in the city of London, it hath been thayt fit for satisfying the minds of so many of his majestic's good subjects, who must needs be concerned for the issue of so great an accident, to give this short, but true, accomplish of it." The first number had been published on Nov. 14, 1605, when the court was at Oxford on account of the great plague, and the paper was therefore called at first the Oxford Gazette. With its twenty-fourth number, however, it became the London Gazette, by which name it has been known ever since. Boys and Playgrounds I do not know of any better way to teach a boy to be honorable and straight than to give him a chance to play with his comrades, says Justice Hughes. In the playground he learns because he does not want anybody else to cheat him, and he is "down" on the boy that does not play fair; he will establish standards of conduct which we must maintain in the community and particularly in our great cities. If there is one thing that we need more than another it is the constant emphasis among our citizens of that spirit of fair play, that willingness to give and take, that generosity in defeat and that lack of assertiveness in victory which we identify with true sport and which is learned best of all in childhood upon the playground.—Chicago Journal. A Singular Marriage Custom The Kurds have a very curious and somewhat dangerous marriage custom, which one would think would be more honored in the breach than in the observance. The husband, surrounded by a bodyguard of twenty or thirty young men, carries his wife home on his back in a scarlet cloth and is desperately assaulted the whole way by a number of girls. Sticks and stones are hurled at the bridegroom, who in the coming home with his bride can hardly be considered a very happy man, for the irate amazons often inflict on him marks which he carries to the grave. It may be that among the lady pursuers are some of the bridegroom's former "flames," who turn the mock attack into downright earnest to avenge slighted love. Think and Live Long Brain workers, according to a medical expert, live longer than muscle workers. Those who make use of both live longer than either, and the greater brain workers live longer than the lesser ones. "Life insurance companies realize the progressive shortening of life as one goes down in the scale of education when they refuse to accept illiterates because they are bad risks." What He Lacked. "They tell me," said the innocent maid, "that your marriage was the result of love at first sight. Is it true?" Music and Madness Handel and Mozart each died insane, while both Donizetti and Schumann composed much of their very best work while actually inmates of lunatic asylums. Sure Proof. Hokus—I can always tell a woman who takes things just because they look cheap. Pokus—How? Hokus—Simply by looking at her husband.—Judge. Beyond Endurance. A company in Philadelphia was playing "Madame X." at the same time that Bernhardt was playing it, and the manager desired his players to see the divine Sarah in it. They could get away only on one day-Friday. So the Philadelphia manager went to Bernhardt's manager and asked him if it would be possible for Bernhardt to give a Friday matinee. Her manager, eager to please the Philadelphia, but dubious, finally agreed to ask Bernhardt. When he had explained, she readily agreed to give up her afternoon of rest. Her manager went back to the lobby in a daze. "Bernhardt is more than mortal. She is capable of the work of ten men," he told the Philadelphia. "She is going to give that extra matinee Friday." Suddenly the ticket seller poked his head out of his cage. "Extra matinee Friday!" he yelled. "Good gracious! What does that woman think I'm made of?" -Green Book Magazine Wood and Water All wood contains more or less water. Even the driest wood known contains two or three pounds of water to every hundred pounds of weight. Absolutely dry wood is unknown, for the heat needed to obtain it would dissolve the wood and convert it into gas and charcoal. An eminent Swiss authority on the characteristics of wood believes that a sufficiently powerful and perfect microscope, could it be made, would show that the ultimate wood cell is composed of crystals like grains of sugar or salt and that thin films of water hold the crystals apart, yet bind them into a mass. A good microscope shows the wood cell and reveals its spiral bandages and its openings and cavities, but no instrument yet made reveals the ultimate crystals that, as many believe, do exist, and that would explain why water cannot be expelled from wood without destroying the wood itself. Timidity of the Horse The horse is by nature a timid animal, as, generally speaking, all animals are to whom nature has given powers of swift flight as their chief means of self preservation. Of course individuals differ in this respect, but the rule is so general that it should never be lost sight of in training. That the horse can be trained to war simply shows the extent to which his natural impulses can be modified and subdued by the art of man. Breeds of horses differ in regard to natural timidity. The pure bred Arab is beyond all comparison the most fearless horse in the world. It is possible that this may be owing in part to the fact that his natural development was for long ages in an open country, where he was not in constant danger from unseen foes, but chiefly I think because he is a higher evolutionary type than any other horse.—Farm and Flieside. An Indian's Comment Are we civilized? A young woman who visited the Grand canyon a few weeks ago had an educated Indian as a guide one day, and the party went along they saw a father, aggravated by something his young son had done, stop on the edge of the canyon and give the boy a thorough spanking. The Indian was indignant. "That is what I call barbarous," he exclaimed. "Now, that boy will always remember this great canyon as the place where he received a spanking. He might have carried a picture of its grandeur in his mind that would have assisted in developing him, but now all that is spoiled. We Indians don't do things that way. We expect our children to endure pain, but we don't inflict it." And wasn't the Indian right?-Leavenworth Times. Fully Informed. Uncle Mose aspired to the elective office of justice of the peace in the "black bottom" part of town. One bar there was to his preferment; he could neither read nor write. His master advised him to go to the commissioner of elections and ask whether he was eligible. Mose went and returned. "What did he tell you, Mose?" inquired the master. "It's all right, sah," answered Mose; "dat gen'lemum suttnly was kind, yas, suh. He tole me Ah was illegible fo' dat office."—Argonaut. Firedamp. Firedamp is the ordinary name for the carbureted hydrogen which issues from "blowers" or fissures in coal seams. It is inflammable, and when mixed with air in certain proportions is highly explosive. Its ignition is attended by the danger of an explosion of coal dust. His Adventurous Life "Uncle, have you had many exciting adventures in your life?" "Oh, yes, my boy. Several times I have been caught in automobiles driven by fool friends who wanted to show me that their cars could make sixty miles an hour."-Detroit Free Press. A Native Interpretation "Tell me," said an inquiring Englishman of an American friend, "what is the significance of the eagle shown on your money?" "It is an emblem of its swift flight." Acquired. Wife—it's a mystery to me that I didn't see these faults in you before we were married. Hub—No mystery about it, my dear. I didn't possess them then.—Boston Transcript. What is called luck, good or bad, is only the result of the operation of the law of compensation.—Albany Journal. PAGE FIVE All a Dream There is an amusing example of oriental subtlety in an anecdote that Mr. Sidney Whitman tells in "Turkish Memories." The story is of a young diplomat who was sent to Constantinople to be trained for his profession. One day the diplomat met a carriage guarded by a eunuch that contained some ladies of the sultan's harem. The young man endeavored to peep in at the window and got a blow across the face from the vigilant eunuch. He made a great uproar and lodged a complaint with the sultan himself. He was received in private audience, and Abdul Hamid listened patiently to his story of the outrage. On its conclusion the sultan replied: "My dear sir, I have gone carefully into the case and see exactly how it stands. You are a gentleman; therefore you could never have committed such a breach of good manners as is alleged to have taken place, and consequently no eunuch could possibly have presumed to strike you. The whole affair must be the product of your fancy; pray let us dismiss it." Vanity Tickled During the early excesses of the French revolution a rabble of men and women was rioting in the streets of Paris. Lafayette appeared and ordered a young artillery officer to open fire upon them with two cannon. The officer begged the general to let him try first to persuade them to withdraw. "It is useless to appeal to their reason," said the general. "Certainly," answered the officer, "and it is not to their reason, but to their vanity, I would appeal." The officer rode up to the front of the mob, doffed his cocked hat, pointed to the guns and said: "Gentlemen will have the kindness to retire, for I am ordered to shoot down the rabble." The street was cleared at once, for none could brook the idea of being classed with the scum of the city. The Eternal Conflict Society is nothing more than a continuation of the conflict of nature under the guidance of intelligence. It is vain to hope for any amelioration of society from the prevalence of an intellectual education. Culture of the intellect supplies new weapons for use in the conflict and may render it less rude in appearance, but cannot change its nature. * * * Doctrines and creeds are forms; the will supplies their contents. Just as a vehicle may convey substances having wholesome or injurious or indifferent properties, so any system of thinking—theological, social or political—may be made to bear any purport, good or bad. To try to shape opinions so that they may not be made subservient to any evil purpose is all labor in vain.—Schopenhauer. Wars and Words. The wars with Spain in the sixteenth century enriched the English language with many new words. To them, as Logan Pearsall Smith has pointed out, "we owe the Spanish words 'embargo' and 'contraband' and the Dutch word 'freebooter.' Among other Dutch or Flemish terms that were perhaps brought back to England by soldiers in their campaign in the low countries may be mentioned 'furlough,' 'cashier,' 'league,' 'sconce,' 'onslaught,' 'drill' and 'domineer.' 'Comrade' is a Spanish word, but seems to have been a soldiers' term learned in the low countries, and 'forlorn hope' is a military phrase, being the Dutch 'verloren hoop,' in which 'hoop' means a troop and is cognate with our word 'heap.'"—London Chronicle. Didn't Raise Them A young housewife who lives in a suburban town went to the village store to make some purchases. "These chickens look very nice," remarked the customer. "How much are they?" "One dollar apiece, madam," was the prompt response of the obliging proprietor. "You can't find better poultry for the money in the whole country." "One dollar," thoughtfully mused the customer, and then added: "Did you raise them?" "Oh, no, madam!" was the hasty assurance of the misunderstanding storekeeper. "That is the same price I offered to sell them for yesterday."—Philadelphia Telegraph. A Graceful Compliment Some famous compliments have been paid to members of the sterner sex, and one of the most gracefully turned was that uttered by Bouleau, who, when the virtuous De Mesmes, president of the parliament of Paris, was elected an academician, congratulated him in these terms: "I have come to you, sir, in order that you may congratulate me on having you one of my fellow academicians." Moslem Wives. Under the Moslem laws the provision for securing to the wife the free and uncontrolled possession of her property is minutely stipulated in the marriage contract. A suitable sum is also arranged for her maintenance in accordance with her husband's rank. The Jail. "I am going to visit the jail. There is a man I want to see there." "Is one all? I know about forty whom I should like to see there."—Indianapolis News. Not Present. He—Do you remember Horatius at the bridge? She—I don't think I ever met him. You know we invite so few men.—Judge. Let him who has enough ask for nothing more.—Horace. PAGE SIX Woman's World The Queen of Italy as Mother er and Relief Worker. QUEEN HELENA OF ITALY. When Helena, princess of Montengro, became queen of Italy her first work of mercy was tending the wounded in a serious railroad accident at Castel Glubileo, near Rome. It was due to the queen's efforts that relief and rescue work were started promptly after the Messina earthquake and again during the recent Avezzano earthquake, when the work was harder, as medical supplies, blankets and provisions had all been sent to the front for the war then expected at any moment, and the relief of the earthquake survivors was almost hopeless. The queen is an excellent executive, far surpassing the ladies of her court in her talent of organization. During the present war she has sent carloads of shoes and clothing to the children of the soldiers at the front. She personally selects all the materials, and they are of excellent quality, suited to the needs of the occasion. She is the queen of another realm, too—her own household. There she shines supreme, for she has personally supervised the education of her children, all beautiful, every one of them. Naturally, the one son has had her special care and solicitude, for he one day will be the king of Italy. Indeed, she has so often said that if she can be as successful in the bringing up of the little Umberto as the Queen Mother Marguerita was in the education of his father it is all the reward she asks. The queen has four daughters. Queen Helena never forgets how kind her charming mother-in-law has always been to her. The only regret of her life was when she was compelled to take the place of beautiful Marguerita of Savoy, who had been the idol of the Italian people for a quarter of a century. "Still remain queen of Italy," she pleaded, "and let me be known as consort of the king." But Marguerita shook her head and, smiling through her tears, answered: "Dear child, the dreadful fatality which bereft my husband of his earthly crown compels me also to resign mine. I am now nothing but a queen by courtesy, and I gladly surrender to you both the honors and duties of a station which no longer has any attractions for me." And Helena bowed to the inevitable with as fine a grace as any queen in all Europe. SURE WRINKLE CURE. How to Change Your Face From Ugla- liness to Beauty. How can one get rid of disfiguring wrinkles satisfactorily? The remedy is so simple that few will believe in its efficacy, and yet in many instances it is so difficult to apply that many women after a few trials will give up in despair. But it is the only real remedy, and, what is more, any one can apply it right in her own home. The secret is this: Think pleasant thoughts, drive out of your head all ideas of evil, jealousy or rage. The face reflects every emotion more faithfully even than a mirror. What you are, what kind of thoughts you entertain can be no secret to the world. All your ideas, whether for good or evil, are written upon your face for all to read who gaze upon you. Don't deceive yourself by supposing that you can dissemble, for you can't. As you think, so is your face molded. Have you ever noticed how, even an ugly face, one that has few redeeming features, is made lovely to look upon by a pleasant expression, by a mouth that tells a tale of kindness, by eyes that look gladly upon the world? If you are afflicted with deep lines which spread from nose to mouth you may know they come from discouraged thoughts, from a tendency to look on the black side of life. Pessimism draws down the corners of the mouth, makes the cheek sag dismally and gives the whole face a disagreeable expression. Change your viewpoint and note the difference in your face. In fact, cultivate optimism for six months or so, and then you may laugh at wrinkles, for you will find they have disappeared. Growth Builders for Children Most mothers and housekeepers should give much more time than they do to the study of what is the right food for their children. It is a foregone conclusion that the young child needs plenty of pure, rich milk, but the time comes when milk should be supplemented by other food. Many mothers err in one of two directions, either in depriving their children of simple nourishing food, which is so necessary to the building up of nerves and muscle, or in overfeeding their youngsters. When your child reaches the age of fifteen months it is extremely important that he has three good meals a day, with a glass of milk between dinner and supper and at bedtime. Breakfast may be served at S o'clock. It may include stewed fruit or orange juice, cereal, an egg, bread and butter and milk. Your child should have his chief meal between 12 and 1. This should include a meat or vegetable soup, a small amount of meat, a'chop or small piece of rare steak shredded, baked potatoes, two vegetables and a simple dessert. BREAKFAST Stewed Fruit or Orange Juice. Cereal. Alternate, Soft Boiled or Poached Egg. Bread and Butter or Toast. Milk or Weak Cocoa. DINNER. Meat or Vegetable Soup Thickened With Cereal. Lamb Chop Scrambled Beef or Chicken Cereal. Lamb Chop, Scraped Beef or Chicken. Gelatin, Custard or Cornstarch Pudding. SUPPER. Bread and Milk or Cereal. Baked Apple or Apple Sauce. After your child is a year old you can continue the usual amount of milk you are accustomed giving him, but it is no less important that he have a mixed diet. The breakfast foods, especially oatmeal, farina and boiled rice, are extremely important for the building of the body. Since these foods are sustaining and rather filling, they should be given at breakfast and supper instead of at the main meal. Animal food is also necessary for the making of blood and muscle, but the amount of meat should be carefully considered. Crisp bacon, to alternate with soft boiled eggs, is nourishing. If you find that your child is not getting all the fat he needs you can put butter in mashed potatoes, mixing it with vegetables. An added amount of butter can be put on the chops, the beef or the minced chicken, which children should have once a day at least. When you have no meat at hand you can make an excellent soup out of chicken bones flavored with vegetables or bits of beef. Instead of broth, sugared milk may be the base of vegetable purees. A soup of rice broiled in broth or milk is easily made and is nourishing. The same may be said of cornmeal broth, provided it be seasoned with plenty of butter. Cornmeal mush is also to be highly recommended on account of the long cooking. From what has been said about soups it may be inferred that bread is an excellent food for your child. It contains many nitrogenous substances and it is rich in starches, but it is lacking in fat, which should be supplied by the using of plenty of butter. Simple custards make excellent desserts for the young child if you can make them with good milk and fresh eggs; otherwise they had better be left alone. Orange juice and scraped apples are also excellent food. They aid assimilation and help to purify the blood. Should you find that your child loves to eat in a hurry you can teach him to mastache his food well by giving dry crusts of bread or hard baked biscuits. He will be forced to chew this. One of the great dangers is monotony in the menus. A child, no matter how lusty and strong, can become just as quickly tired of a continued menu as its elders. If you want your child to be strong nerved and robust do not send him to bed with a heavy meal lying on his stomach asking to be digested. Sunlight In the Nursery. It is impossible to overestimate the importance of sunlight in the well-being of babies and little children. A nursery should always be chosen with this in view and whenever circumstances render it possible should face south, so that the greatest number of hours of sunshine may be available throughout the year. Curtains and hangings around the window would stand condemned on the score of impeding the ingress of sun if they did not on those of cleanliness and other hygienic precautions. One of the earliest signs of conscious sensibility is found in the pleasure evinced by an infant in the sun, and the improvement in growth and condition which follows upon a full amount of sunlight falling upon a child who has hitherto been deprived of it in greater or less degree is often most remarkable. Early Impressions Little Girl (at the menagerie)—And what is the name of that odd looking bird, papa? Papa—That is a stork, my dear. Little Girl (surprised)—Are you sure? I had always supposed that storks had but one leg. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, NOVEMBER 13, 1915. SEAL AND SIMPLICITY. Full skirted and box coated, this smart suit is featured in tan colored gaberdine. The bottom of the short coat is edged with seal, as are the cuffs. A choker collar of seal fastens snugly, and the patch pocket and back of the coat are embroidered with disks of tan silk, different sizes of them giving an interesting detail. A GRACEFUL GOWN. A Beautiful Dance Frock For the Debu-tante. Deep pink goldenrod satin is the base of this frock, the attractive tunic being tucked up slightly in front in a fetching drape. The back hangs in soft folds A BEAUTIFUL LINES. over net. The paneled front is of opa- lescent beads over net, as is the simple bodice, with its effect of bolero drape. Avoiding extremes, this gown achieves a beautiful simplicity. Just Common Salt: ```markdown ``` PICTURESQUENESS. Over a navy velvet, close turban is draped in graceful folds a long net veil beautifully finished across the bottom with a rose pattern done in points. In addition a shorter one of chiffon is thrown back from the face, hanging about half the length of the long veil. These novelties come in all popular shades and are very piquant. MEALS FOR MEN. Some Masculine Peculiarities Worth Heeding For the Sake of Harmony. "Now, that's the kind of dinner I like," said a big business man after dining at a friend's—"no frills, no pastry, and yet the whole dinner fine and dandy. Why don't more women make meals like that instead of all those dinky little dishes?" The conversation following brought out further points of difference between men meals and women meals, the ornate, the complex, the really disguised foods which she herself relishes with delight. Several men have these peculiarities: One has for breakfast, morning after morning, a bowl of top milk and white bread, with eggs in different forms; another lunches on rice dishes or the plainest of stews, and all men seem to like the dinner consisting of the following: A good strong cup of boulillon or plain soup, a steak or chops with peppers or mushrooms, a plain salad with French dressing and salted wafers and perhaps ple, with a strong cheese. These are not the plats preferred by madame. She it is who likes the nameless dishes of entrees, the deviled and pastried meats or pates. She it is who likes the elaborate and creamed vegetable. She it is whose chief delight is the complex fruit salad with sweet dressing and the still sweeter cake and comfit dessert. Now, this is but a plea for women to understand the tastes of men and not cook for them what in reality the women like most themselves. We believe that this century old fiction that man has a capricious appetite is disproved by fact and that most men prefer the plainer, less elaborate dishes. We believe also that most of man's superior strength lies in the secret of his more wholesome feeding. We feel like believing that woman, too, might attain this superior strength if she also ate more plainly and spent less time in making concoctions. "Feed the brute," yes, but what he really wants, and then eat it ourselves, so we may attain his superior strength and physique in order to be shoulder high with him when that great wave of equality comes. A Retreat For the Kiddies Every child needs some corner to call his own. No matter how young he may be, no matter how restricted the home space, he should have some refuge from adult interference. Few city homes and apartment houses are built so that a whole room can be turned over to a child for his exclusive use. It is often possible, however, to give the child a corner in the living room or one of the sleeping rooms in which to keep his toys and where he may play undisturbed. The result of such a scheme is that, instead of the toys being scattered all over the house, they are assembled in one spot, and the mother's work is lessened. Low shelves, arranged like built-in bookcases, make an excellent storage place for playthings. It is imperative that the toys be arranged in an orderly manner, so the child can find a particular toy he wishes without disturbing the rest. By tacking a strip of denim the color of the paper along the wall it is possible to protect the paper from finger marks, and at the same time it offers a place for the child to pin his drawings or the pictures that appeal to his taste. Children love individual possessions, and often a plant or flower will add greatly to the appearance of the child's corner and at the same time will be a source of pride. Dental Hygiene and Good Health Some startling theories have of late been brought out as to the part played by bad teeth upon the welfare of the human race. It is indeed about time that people were made to realize the importance of sound teeth and the proper care of decayed teeth. In no line of physical development is the ounce of prevention of more importance than in the mouth. Not only is an unclean mouth a harborage for germs of any and all descriptions, but many authorities now claim that defective teeth result in moral turpitude as well as in physical diseases. This is by no means impossible, for since degenerates are usually found to have been the victims of improper nourishment as well as wrong influences which might not have harmed them had they been rightly built up mentally and physically, what can be more to blame than the teeth which, being decayed, could not properly masticate the food which passed through the mouth? If poor teeth can cause disease's entrance to the heart, lungs, digestive tract and the like it is safe to assume that the malnutrition and infection will affect the brain as well. Therefore look to the children's teeth from the moment they are born, and before that see that the parent's own teeth are well looked after as well. The example set by indifferent parents to their own mouths is not apt to encourage the youngsters to be careful. Do not think that the first teeth can be neglected because they are to come out. The second teeth mature so close in proximity to the roots of the first crop that the decay and infection of the first teeth can easily be transmitted to the second teeth beneath. Before the baby has any teeth at all the little mouth should be wiped out gently but thoroughly morning and evening with a soft rag or piece of cotton wrapped around the mother's finger wet with a solution of weak boracic acid—one teaspoonful of powder to a pint of boiling water. Small pieces of rag are preferable because they do not shed small particles as cotton is apt to do, but in either case what is once used should be thrown away and fresh prepared for the next time. When a child is old enough to use a brush and powder teach him to brush his teeth regularly every day after breakfast and at bedtime, with dental floss added, as soon as he can manipulate it. A CHRISTMAS HINT. Knitted Sweater For Dolly That Small Girls Can Make. Any little girl over seven years old may be taught to knit, and the homely accomplishment may relieve her from boredom many a time later on in life. Here is a simple direction for making a knitted sweater for dolly, a task that will be quite to the fancy of the youthful knitter. Incidentally she will learn a lot about knitting. Use one hank of Shetland wool in any pretty color and a pair of knitting needles about No. 5 size. Cast on twenty stitches for the back of the sweater and knit twenty ribs. Then cast on ten more stitches, knit across and cast on ten at the opposite side. You have on the needle now forty stitches, which gives the width from sleeve edge to sleeve edge. When you have knit ten ribs the sleeves will be finished up as far as the shoulder line. About eight stitches may be bound off for the back of the neck. Eight stitches from the forty on the needle leaves thirty-two stitches. So when you have knit half of the thirty-two or sixteen stitches bind off eight for the neck and continue to knit across the remaining sixteen stitches. You must now abandon work on the whole sweater and finish each front separately. To do this slip off the sixteen stitches on the opposite side of the bound off portion on a big safety pin and fasten securely. Take the empty needle and commence knitting where the end of your worsted is. Knit as far as the bound off place and back twice, which will give you two ribs for the shoulder. Now cast on six stitches to make the front wide enough and knit across the twenty-two stitches for ten rows. This completes the sleeve. Bind off under the sleeve for ten stitches (the original number you cast on for the sleeve) and then knit across and across, straight down the front until the front is as long as the back. Finish the opposite front in the same way and sew up the under-arm seams with a bit of worsted. Cuffs may be knitted on the sleeves, if desired, and even a little collar added. Rice and Creamed Fish. Cook one cupful of rice until it is tender; season it with a little salt and butter. Do not put any sugar in it. Boll the fish in some water, and when it is nearly done let the water boll away until the remaining water is very rich. Remove the fish and from the water make a creamed sauce by adding a little milk, then stirring in enough flour to make it medium thick. Cut the fish in small pieces and put it in the bottom of a baking dish with a third of the cream sauce over it. Next put in the rice, seasoning both as much as you like. Over the rice pour the remaining sauce. Put in hot oven and let bake for twenty minutes and serve while hot. For the Children Dumbbell Drill by a Little New York Girl. by American Press Association. The little girl in the picture lives on the east side of New York city, where also live many thousands more like her. She, in company with a large class, is going through the dumbbell drill at one of the playgrounds provided for their amusement and instruction. The little girls and boys are taught folk dances and athletic exercises by competent instructors, and many of them become very proficient. The drills and exercises are usually done to the accompaniment of music, and the little folks enjoy them hugely. When the children get tired of an exercise they change to others and either skip in rings, dance the folk dances or the hesitation. Rebuked by a Donkey. John and James were tramping through a dusty lane one day when they sped a little toad in the road. "Look, look!" exclaimed John. "Here is a toad. Let's stone him." "Why?" asked James. "He isn't hurting you, is he?" "No; but it would be fun to see him jump. Come on, see if you can aim straight." James felt that it would be wrong to hurt the innocent thing, but John had often called him "baby" and "coward," so to avoid a repetition of these remarks he took up a stone and was about to throw it when a donkey cart came up the lane. The cart was well laden, and the donkey's burden was heavy, but the donkey trudged on, his head down, and thus it happened that the animal spied the toad almost under his foot. He stopped short and kept his foot up until the toad hopped safely out of his way. Then the donkey moved on with his load. James dropped the stone without attempting to aim. "Rebuked," he cried, "rebuked by a donkey! I say, John, that donkey has more horse sense than you and I." "Yes," answered John, blushing for shame, "that donkey has taught us a lesson in kindness to dumb creatures." Hul Gul A very good game to play is hul gul. The players are supplied with an equal amount of beans. The leader takes a certain amount in his or her hand and says: "Hul gul, hand full. How many?" Each player guesses how many beans the leader holds in his fist. If the player guesses more than is in the hand he must give the difference; if less, the leader must give him the difference. At the end of fifteen minutes the game is finished. The beans are counted, and the player who has the lesser number of beans is the loser and pays a forfeit to the leader. The person having the most beans is the leader for the next game. Saturday. Saturday is named from Saturn, a very disagreeable god of the southland. He was so unpleasant that the people made his day a holiday to make it pleasanter. The last day of the week is Saturn-day. Now, spell it and then leave off the "n" at the end and there you have Satur-day. In the olden days this was a disagreeable day, but we feel very differently about it nowadays, don't we?-John Martin's Book. Somebody's Birthday. This is somebody's birthday, Just as sure as fate; Some little boy is six years old, Some little girl is eight; Some little boy is three today, Some little girl thirteen; Some little twins are exactly two— Two aplece, I mean. Some one is eating his birthday cake And laughing over the plums; Some one is counting her birthday dolls On all her fingers and thumbs. Some one is bouncing his birthday ball, Or winding his birthday top; Some one is not too wise or tall For birthday butterscotch. Think of the beautiful birthday books, Think of the birthday cheer; Think of the birthday happiness Every day in the year! Every day, every day, my dear, Every day we are alive. Some happy child is one or two Or three or four or five. —Advocate and Guardian SIX ROOM BRICK COTTAGE FOR SALE AT A BARGAIN ON EASY PAYMENTS. Beautiful six room and bath, cement basement, furnace heat, hardwood floors and trimmings, one and a half story brick cottage located on St. Lawrence avenue, near Marquette Road, 66th street Boulevard at a bargain, if purchased at once, small amount of money required. For further particulars, address Julius F. Taylor, 6532 St. Lawrence avenue. Phone Wentworth 2597, no agents wanted. FIVE BRICK HOUSES FOR SALE AT A GREAT BARGAIN. We have for sale a group of five brick houses that are offered at a bargain, they are to be sold all at once, and on easy payments, three to five hundred dollars down and the balance the same as rent, they are located on South Park Boulevard near Thirty fourth street. Do you want to be a member of a syndicate that will purchase these houses! If so address X care this paper. THE BROAD AX CAN BE FOUND ON SALE AT THE FOLLOWING NEWS STANDS: From on and after this date The Broad Ax, can be found on sale at the following news stands: N. B. Jones, magazines, cigars, tobacco and news stand. 248 E. 55th St. N. C. Chalmers, cigars, tobacco, notion store and news stand, 5012 S. State street. L. E. Chilton, news stand, S. E. corner 51st and State streets. S. Berenbaum, Cigars, Notions and News Stand; 31 W. 51 Street, near Dearborn. E. H. Faulkner, news agency; 3109 S. State street. George I Martin, maker of fine cigars and news stand, 18 W. 31st St., near State. E. M. Harvey's barber shop and news stand, 3924 State street. W. M. Maxwell, notions, cigars, tobacco, confections and news stand, 5244 State St. Edward Felix, notions, cigars and news stand, 52 W. 30th St. Sylvester McGlofin, news stand and laundry office, 4122 State St. William Gaughan, laundry office, cigars, tobacco and news stand, 2636 State St. E. M. Oliver, notions, cigars and news stand, 15 W. 36th Street, near State. A. D. Hayes, cigars, tobacco, notions, stationery and news stand, 3640 S. State St. George McFaro, shoe shining parlors and news stand. $ 3800 \frac{1}{2} $ State street. T. B. Hall, Laundry office, cigars, tobacco and news stand. 3618 South State street. Fred M. Waterfield, cigars, tobacco, notions and news stand, 5202 South State street. Coleman & Glanton, cigars, tobacco and news stand, 3342 S. State street. Miss E. M. McClain, hair dressing parlor and news stand. 30 W. 39th street. F. M. Diffay, cigars, tobacco, notions and news stand. 3605 State street. No Alleviation A belted earl was in the habit of playing golf daily at Musselburgh. This gentleman had contracted some ailment which made his head always shake a little. Frequently he had had occasion to rebuke his caddle for excessive indulgence in alcoholic liquors, and one day he spoke to him very sharply. "Robert, you are drunk today. It is a disgrace. You are very drunk!" "Drunk!" replied the caddle. "I know I am drunk, but I'll be sober tomorrow. You're daft, and you'll never be right!" —Dundee Advertiser. Right Up to Date Mother—Are you sure you can give my daughter all the luxuries and privileges enjoyed by the married women of her set? Suitor—I can give her town and country houses, motorcars, a string of polo ponies and dancing lessons at once, and a divorce and alimony within two years.—Life. The Inexitable Thing "Did you get any stock in that balloon line project?" "Yes, but I think I paid for it more than it was worth." "That is what was to be expected. An air line would naturally have inflated stock."—Baltimore American. A Chance Yet. Tom—Is it true that you proposed to Alice and were rejected? Jack—Not exactly rejected. She said when she felt like making a fool of herself she'd let me know.-Boston Transcript Those Uncaught Fish Maud—Don't you think there are just as good fish in the sea as ever were caught? Marle—Well, they're certainly smarter. All He Has. "No. But his name is Rich."—Detroit Free Press. In her book of reminiscences, "Thirteen Years of a Busy Woman's Life," Mrs. Alec Tweedie says that her father, Dr. Harley, a well known London physician, was a great friend of Ruskin and often stayed at Brantwood. One night Ruskin asked Dr. Harley whether he liked tea or coffee before he got up. "A cup of tea," he replied. "Why don't you choose coffee?" "Well, to tell the truth, I have lived so much abroad that I don't fancy English coffee. It is generally so badly made." His host said nothing. The next morning Dr. Harley was awakened, and a strong smell of coffee permeated the room. Turning to a servant, he asked, "Is that my cup of tea?" "No, sir; it is Mr. Ruskin's coffee." "Mr. Ruskin's coffee! What do you mean?" The master was up early. He roasted the coffee himself, he ground the coffee himself, and he made the coffee himself, and he hopes you will like it." Growth of Wealth The wealth of the world grows very slowly, and the amount of real saving is amazingly small. If, for example, the wealth of the United States when George Washington became president was equivalent to a billion dollars—and that perhaps is not a bad guess—and this amount could have steadily earned a little over 5 per cent every year since, this gain, compounded, would exceed the present estimated wealth of this country. This means that all the rest of the saving and the gains from new enterprises and a rapidly increasing population have only just about balanced the annual waste and loss. True, more than two-thirds of the wealth of nations is still the human machine and not the visible taxable property, but the fact serves to show how slight is the annual gain even in the premier get rich quick country of the world, the United States.—Carl Snyder in Collier's Weekly. No Simple Life at Avr The "simple life" finds no sympathetic atmosphere in Scotland and, above all, not in the "Auld Ayr" of Robert Burns— Auld Ayr, wham ne'er a town surpasses For honest men and bonnie lasses. George Ferguson Munro is a newspaper person who writes articles for a Scottish newspaper. Munro wanted to live a free, untrammeled, outdoor life. He began last spring. He wandered over hill and dale, doing nothing, finding enough to eat and drink, lying on a shaded hillside reading a good book. He interfered with no one. The earth was his bed, the starry sky his roof. When it rained he went into a barn. Yet for leading this simple life he was taken by the rough hand of the law as a vagabond and sentenced by the magistrate of Ayr to three months' hard labor.—Indianapolis News. Dumas an Enigma. The elder Dumas was the greatest enigma in the literary world of Paris, for who has ever been able to explain just how and when all the books that bear his name were written? He loved the mysterious for its own sake. He told me how he had dabbled in magnetic and mesmeric experiments. He spoke with absolute conviction of the power of magnetism and declared that the whole of life and society was, to his way of thinking, nothing but a manifestation of magnetic force. His talk was like the man himself, calm, nonchalant, without a trace of emotion. He was so far above discussion as to ignore it. When he was speaking he seemed to imply by his look and manner that it made no difference to him whether you believed what he was saying or not—Francis Grierson in Century Magazine. Simply Separated. The janitor of a hall in a country place was asked by an entertainer from the city if there wasn't a piano that he could use for the evening's entertainment. "Waal, yes, there is a piano down in the cellar," said the janitor, "but you couldn't play on it—leastways, not as it is, for it's full of books." Then the janitor bawled to his wife: "Susan, where's the works of that piano?" And Susan's voice floated down from upstairs: "Ain't they out in the garden?"—Washington Star. Largest Star Known Canopus, the largest star known, with a luminosity of 47,000 times that of the sun, is invisible from the northern hemisphere. O. R. Walkley, an English astronomer, adduces testimony at great length to prove it the central sun of the universe about which all other orbs revolve. Appearances Decentive "Thompson has made a discovery." "Indeed?" "Yes. He says that he has discovered that the more buttons there are on a woman's coat the greater the probability that it really fastens with hooks and eyes."-Puck. Garbage For the Dogs Instead of throwing her kitchen refuse into a garbage receptacle the poor Constantinople housewife puts it into a sort of kennel outside her door for the wandering dogs of the city. Notable Exceptions Mrs. Bloobumper—Yes, everybody is always ready to give advice. "Yes, doctors and lawyers." Let them obey that know not how to rule. Shakespeare. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, NOVEMBER 13, 1915. Both Trumpeters. Among the quaint old epitaphs collected in England by an American with a fancy for odd verse and ancient brasses are two commemorating trumpeters. The first is often quoted: Till Angels' trumpets on the Final Day Shall Blow and Graves shall Ope Here Abram Crumpett in his Tomb doth Lay And Waits the Call in Hope. The second is less known and, with all its quaintness, has a fine, bold swing to it. Moreover, the deceased, as a prose addition to the inscription makes clear, was a gallant soldier as well as a musician and had served through many campaigns, civil and foreign. Thus it runs: When Gabriel, Angell, shall hys Trumpett blow Uppe from the Sod commanding all below. Vaster than Armys when those Millions rise Ansring that Summone from the Pealing Skyea. Theres One lyes Here will joyfull Rouse at last And sound a manful Echo to the Blast— John Petres, Trumpetter, who All his Dayes Blew for the Kynge his Wars and God his Prayse. —Youth's Companion. Both Far Away. A prominent Kentucky lawyer had been in Jackson during the hearing of a big land case and after the strain of several weeks in the courtroom had decided to take a trip up in the mountains and enjoy the quieting influences of the hills. He traveled the paths and narrow mountain roads till he found himself, at the end of several days' journey, about forty or fifty miles from the railroad. It was about noon, the lawyer judged, for his watch had run down and he could not be exact. But in the midst of this deep contemplation the lawyer came upon an old darky sitting upon a bowler alongside the road. "What time have you?" he asked of the old darky. "Well, suh, boss, the old watch says she's about ten minutes to 12," was the reply. "Is that sun time or railroad time? again questioned the lawyer. "What difference at make? One's nigh as fur frum heas all de yudder."—Argonaut. Scotch Breakfasts Dr. Redgill, in Susan Ferrier's "Destiny," dwells on Scotch breakfasts with gusto. After proclaiming that Scotland in general is "a perfect mass of rubbish" and the cookery not fit for dogs he adds: "But the breakfasts! That's what redeems the land, and every county has its own peculiar excellence. In Argyllshire you have the Lochfine herring—fat, luscious and delicious, just out of the water, falling to pieces with its own richness, melting away like butter in your mouth. In Aberdeenshire you have the finnan haddock, with a flavor all its own, vastly relishing, just salt enough to be pliquant without parching you up with thirst. In Perthshire there is the Tay salmon, kippered, crisp and juicy—a very magnificent morsel. In other places you have the exquisite mutton of the country made into hams of a most delicious flavor." Judges' Gowns The London Law Times points out that the silk gown of the bench and bar owes its original use to its having been adopted as a form of mourning at the death of an English sovereign. On the death of Queen Mary in 1694 the present silk gown was introduced as mourning and, having been found more convenient and less troublesome than the regular dress then worn, has since been continued. The late Sir Frederick Pollock is said to have expressed an opinion in reference to the ordinary costume of the bar that the bench and bar went into mourning at the death of Queen Anne and have so remained ever since. American courts adopted the gown along with the English common law. Bad Handwriting. Sometimes the worst of handwriting becomes intelligible when one grasps the rules, for a man's script—particularly an author's—is frequently made difficult chiefly by his deliberate or unconscious inversion of the accepted rules of calligraphy. Henry Ward Beecher had a daughter who acted as copyist, and she read him with ease simply by remembering three principles—that in her father's manuscript no dotted letter was meant for an "i," no crossed letter stood for "t," and that no capital letter ever began a sentence—Indianapolis News. Where the Trouble Was "Mamma," said small Edmund, "I'm very sorry I ate the cake after you told me not to." "So your conscience is troubling you, is it?" said his mother. "I don't know," answered Edmund. "I thought it was my stomach."—Chicago News. Chinese Junks. Although there is no written history of the earliest bulk oil carrier, the Chinese Newchang junk, originally built for the carriage of water in bulk and afterward used for oil, must be among the earliest examples of this class of vessel—Exchange. A. Rebuff. "Not exactly, but I received a couple of repulses today."—Indianapolis News. Three Vitriols The "three vitriols" are green vitriol (sulphate of iron), blue vitriol (sulphate of copper) and white vitriol (sulphate of zinc). In life's small things be resolute and great—Lowell. Ancient Gardens Statues were a decorative element of which the Florentine garden architect made expensive use. At first a few antique busts were placed along the parapet of the terrace or under the central loggia, but are long Greek gods and heroes, fauns and naiads were seen at the end of every alley, while giants and caryatides were introduced to support walls and porticoes. One great charm of renissance gardens was the skilful manner in which nature and art were blended together. The formal design of the gardino segreto agreed with the straight lines of the house, and the walls, with their clipped hedges, led on to the wilder, freer growth of woodland and meadow, while the dense shade of the bosco supplied an effective contrast to the sunny spaces of lawn and flower bed. The ancient practice of cutting box trees into fantastic shapes, known to the Romans as the topiary art, was largely restored in the fifteenth century and became an essential part of Italian gardens.—New York Telegram. Curious Telegraph Lines. The most original telegraph line in the world once extended from La Plaz, the capital of Bolivia, to the neighboring town of Oruro, a distance of about 156 miles. There are no growing trees in this part of the world, and wood of any kind is so rare that the telegraph poles were made of the same material as the natives' household furniture—dried mud. The pillars were built on stone foundations and measured about five feet square at the base, with a tapering height of fifteen feet. They were placed about 360 feet apart. Another curious telegraph line was constructed in Uganda by a British engineer, who transported growing trees to the roadside and used them as poles because he could not find any "dead" wood that would withstand the ravages of the white ants. In Dutch East India growing trees are also turned to account in this manner, but there a wire is stretched across the road between the trees on either side and the actual telegraph line suspended down the center. Fleas as Jumpers The jumping powers of fleas have been much exaggerated, according to a bulletin on these insects issued by the department of agriculture. The species known as the human flea (Pulex irritans) is probably the best jumper. According to Mitzmain, the maximum horizontal distance this species can jump is thirteen inches and the maximum vertical distance less than eight inches. The question of the flea's jumping powers is of importance in connection with the spread of bubonic plague and other diseases of which this insect is the carrier. The Indian plague commission, which has investigated the habits of the Indian rat flea, finds its maximum horizontal jump to be only five inches, while Mitzmain records the maximum height to which it can jump as three and one-eighth inches. One species of flea, the "stricttight," is nearly incapable of jumping. Limitations of Science Johnny was sent to study mathematics, and the teacher told him that it was a true science. "For instance," she said, "if it takes one man twelve days to build a house, then twelve men can build it in one day." Johnny replied: "And 288 men will build it in an hour, 17,280 in a minute, 1,036,800 men will put it up in a second. Now, I don't believe they could build even a single brick in that time. Again, if one ship can cross the Atlantic in twelve days, twelve ships should be able to cross it in one day. I don't believe that either, so I'm not going to study mathematics." And Johnny left the teacher studying it herself.—Exchange. Her Word of Honor "Oh, Jack, that wouldn't be honorable. An engagement is a sacred thing, not lightly to be entered into or broken off. Besides"— "Well?" "Well, I'm engaged to two men, and that makes it even worse." — Boston Transcript. Anxious to Help: He (after the honeymoon)—Has your father said anything about helping to provide a home for us? She—Oh, yes, indeed! He said that when we had a home of our own he would buy me a cookbook and allow mother to come and teach me how to use it, even if it took a year—New York Weekly. Nautical. "Father," wired the young yachtman, "please advance me some money. My boat is entered in tomorrow's race and I'm sure she will win." And father promptly replied, "Not with a time allowance from me."—St. Louis Post-Dispatch. A Better Way. "Keep on the watch. Opportunity may knock at your door." "I'm not going to wait for that. I'm going to pound on Opportunity's door." —Louisville Courier-Journal. Poor Product "Well, there is one thing you needn't worry about." "What is that?" "Taking out a patent." Actinic Rays. The ultra violet ray is of all light elements the hardest on the eye. It is also called the actinic ray and is described as "like a little barbed arrow." LINCOLN STATE BANK OF CHICAGO Douglas 200 CAPITAL, $200,000.00 A BETTER DANCE BANK AT MIDDLE TOWN, 2001 NICKELS CENTS Int Your This Registering Home Bank FREE to our Savings Depositors; will start you saving and keep you at it. A Savings Account is the first step to wealth. OPEN one with US. STATES MILITARY 3332 South St. A. DANIZIGER LADIES' ATTENTION:— The next time you are to call in and SEE our LA millinery, designed and trim RECENTLY FROM PARI The next time you are out, it will pay you to call in and SEE our LATEST MODELS in millinery, designed and trimmed by Miss Roberts RECENTLY FROM PARIS. HATS TRIMMED FREE NOTARY PUBLIC Faustin S. Delany Attorney and Counselor at Law 312 S. Clark St., Suite 422 CHICAGO COLLECTIONS A SPECIALTY Res. 4510 St. Lawrence Ave. Tel. Drexel 5260 PHONES: OFFICE, MAIN 4153 AUTOMATIC 33-736 RESIDENCE, DREXEL 7990 Walter M. Farmer ATTORNEY AT LAW. SUITE 708, 184 WASHINGTON ST. NOTARYPUBLIC CHICAGO Office Phones: Res. 5133 So. Wabash Ave. Oakland 4662, Auto. 73-058 Phone Drezel 18815 Dr. Theo. R. Mozee DENTIST 4709 S. STATE STREET CHICAGO Hours 9 A. M. to 5 P. M., 7 P. M. to 9 P. M. Sundays by Appointment Phone Main 2017 Automatic 32-395 A. L. WILLIAMS ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW Suite 706 Firmenich Bldg. 184 W. Washington St. Residence 5548 Jefferson Av. Phone Midway 5515 Chicago Boy Do this No Boys! Do you want this dandy BICYCLE? No Money Needed This is not a Prize Contest. Every boy who fills out and mails the corner coupon can earn this high-grade Bicycle for very little effort during spare time. ASK "The Bicycle Man." Mail this coupon TO-DAY. FILL OUT AND MAIL THIS COUPON TO DAY. "The Bicycle Man" % The McCall Co. 236 W. 37th Street New York City Dear "Bicycle Man": Please tell me how to get one of your high-grade Bicycles, without money, and for very little effort. Name Address BANK OF CHICAGO STATE SUPERVISION WITH STATE STREET CAGO, ILL. Commercial Banking Savings and Checking Accounts Foreign Exchange Safety Deposit Vaults Mortgages and Bonds 3 Per Cent Interest on Savings Deposits Your Patronage Solicited Depository and Correspondent Continental & Commercial National Bank of Chicago Illinois. MILLINERY North State Street NIZIGER, Prop. ON:— You are out, it will pay you our LATEST MODELS in and trimmed by Miss Roberts PARIS. A. D. GASH ATTORNEY AT LAW 118 North La Salle St., Chicago Suite 615 to 616 PHONE MAIN 2214 Residence 1262 Macalister Place Telephone Monroe 2714 MILES J. DEVINE ATTORNEY AT LAW Suite 313-329 Reaper Block Clark & Washington Sts. Phones Central 239 Auto. 41-916 CHICAGO Franklin A. Denison ATTORNEY AT LAW 36 West Randolph St., Chicago Suite 708 Delaware Building Tel. Central 3142 Phone Res. 508 E. 36th St. FRANKLIN 2727 Phone Douglas 4397 AUTO. 41-543 J. GRAY LUCAS ATTORNEY-AT-LAW 25 N. Dearborn St. Union Bank Building Suite 311 CHICAGO FRANK DUNN} Trustees Established 1877 J. B. McCAHEY TEL. OAKLAND 1550, 1551, 1552 JOHN J. DUNN WHOLESALE COAL RETAIL Fifty-First and Armour Avenue RAILYARDS 51st St. and L. S. & M. S. 51st St. and Armour Ave. CHICAGO Boys! Do you want this dandy BICYCLE ALL THIS DOUPON TO DAY "The Bicycle Man" "The McCall Co. 236 W. 37th Street New York City PAGE SEVEN SURPLUS. $20,000.00 THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, NOVEMBER 13, 1915. a) ry a — a Sa aR J 1 , 2 : =a cae _ rae = a eee fh ~_26-Passenget: Auto Funeral Coaches Carries Complete Funeral to Any Local Cemetery and Return Greater Elegance, Half the Cost St Sra ies Saas eee ne ate ae Save More than Half the High Cost of Carriages and Automobiles Tel. Kenwood 455 Calls Promptly Ammwered Day or Night Auto. 73-867 ERNEST H. WILLIAMSON puvarecurt. UNDERTAKER _torany rusuc 5028-5030 S. State St. Astemsbiles for atl Occisions Chicago, Ill. PaGE HIGHT c—3?!?: 00000 Ge: ° fr JESSE BINGA See © S.E. Cor, State and 36th Pace, Chicagn NEES rie Be Teiephone Douglas 1565 GENERAL : BANKING 3 per cent allowed on Savings Accounts Safety Deposit Vaults, $3.00 per Year REAL ESTATE DEPARTMENT As agent buy and sell Real Estate on commission, manages estates for ‘non-resi- dents, including payment of taxes and locking after assessments, Money to loam on Chicago Real Estate. Especially Invites the patronage of Chicago business men, TEENAN JONES’ PLACE 3445 SOUTH STATE STREET, Telephone Douglals 45;0j1 The finest and most UP-TO-DATE BUFFET and CAFE on the South Side. First-Class Entertainers. HENRY “TEENAN” JONES, Proprietor. ae ———— oe | The Elite Cafe 8 AND BUFFET | | 3030 STATE STREET CHICAGO | JOHN BLOCK!, Presigent F. W. BLOCK, Treasurer JOHN BLOCKI & SON PERFUMERS = 60 TO == C. E. KREYSSLER, Druggist 5057 South State Street NOT ON THE CORNER FOR HIGH GRADE DRUGS, CHEMICALS AND MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS All Prescriptions Carefully Compounded ALSO CARRY A FULL LINE OF BLOCKI’S IDEAL & BLOCKI’S FLOWER IN BOTTLE PERFUMES $1.00 PER WEEK "= $1.00 PER WEEK WEBER COMPANY Hes | TAILORS | #855. mews AND Women's SUITS AND COATS MADE TO ORDER AND READY TOLWEAR e Cleaning, Pressing and Repairing 27 W. WASHINGTON, STREET, Bank Floor TEL. OENTRAL 6767 " MAX WEBER. MOR. $1.00 PER WEEK ———————————— 1.00 rer weex ° Beautiful Automobile *5 00 FUNERALS E ey Auto Hearse, Two Limousines carrying twelve persons, black-broad cloth casket, or any color in plush, Grave, Out Side Box and Embalming. Calls answered at any hour, day or night, to any part of city or suburbs F. A. RAWLINS, Undertaker and Funeral Director JAMES DAUGHERTY, Assistant Funeral Director, 4821S. State Street, Chicago Phone Oakland 1328 ot Automatic 72-185 SHORT AND SHARP. Domestic economy is simply another name for the pinch of poverty. "Tis far better to think without speak- ing than to speak without thinking. “Taugh and the world laughs with you,” or if it doesn't you needn't care. No inventor will ever make a gun whose range is long enough to reach a military roler. Winning a Pleasant Look. Father—There, now look pleasant, boys. Here's a penny for each of you! (After the ‘picture is taken) Finely done! Now give me the pennies back again.—Meggendorfer Blatter. The Worm. ‘The Meek One—My wife says I'ma “worm.” The Friend—Why don’t you retaliate? The Meek One—Why, if I “turned” she'd be sure of it—Puck. Flattery is the worst and falsest way of showing our esteem.—Dean Swift. Squab Potpie. Cut into dice three ounces of salt pork, divide six nice squabs into pleces at the joints; remove the skin. Cut up four potatees into small squares and prepare a dozen small dough balls. Put into a deep baking dish the pork, potatoes and squabs and then the balls of dough. Season with salt, white pep- per and a dash of mace or nutmeg, adding hot water enough to cook the Ingredients. Cover with a short ple erust and bake in a moderate oven three-quarters of an hour. Ancient Artisans. From the mounds and ruins of Gua- temala, in cities and in ancient town sites, many very fine specimens of pot tery have been found, and these show that back in the dawn of life on that continent the residents of what is now Guatemala were most cunning artisans with clay and the kiln. om _ We teeter low: we teeter high; ‘Wo touch the earth and then the sky. Buch laughter. shouts and merry din ‘When Bobby is the candle pin! —Youth’s Companion. The First Step. Young Woman (before milliner’s win- dow, to ber maid\—That hat is perfect- ly lovely. 1 must have it Marie, be sure to remind me to kiss my husband when I get home. ee a aa Daniel Webster was surely a great orator when he uttered the peroration of his reply to Hayne, and a great statesman when he formulated the Ashburton treaty, but be failed as a prophet when in the United States senate he denounced a proposition to establish a mail route from Indepen- dence, Mo., to the mouth of the Colum- bia river. “What,” said the godlike Daniel, “do we want with this worth- less area? This region of savages and wild beasts, of deserts, of shifting sands and whirlwinds of dust, of cac- tus and prairie dogs? To what use could we ever hope to put these great deserts, or those endless mountain ranges, impenetrable and covered to their very base with eternal snow? What can we ever hope to do with the western coast, a coast of 3,000 miles, rock bound, cheerless, uninviting and not a harbor on it Mr. President, I will never vote one cent from the pub- lie treasury to place the Pacific coast one inch nearer to Boston than it now ts.”—Exchange. Sant Sadie Toate. The native of India is a keen trader, none too scrupulous, and does business on a small margin. It is sald that he Tetails goods so close that his profit is made by selling the packing box. Na- tives become landlords by the purchase of a plano shipping case. This would be divided into two compartments by a board. The lower section would be Tented for a few cents a month to a silversmith; the upper leased to a dhur sie or native shirt maker, while on top a cap merchant displayed bis wares. Incomes are so small that the indi- vidual who owns a “hubble bubble” or water pipe has several rubber tubes connected with It, and for a “pice,” one-sixteenth of a cent, allows patrons to have one puff. I mention these facts to give a real glimpse of condl- tions, Despite this, I know this mar ket is worthy of our best efforts.—W. RB Aughinbaugh in Leslie's. a 2 ‘A STORE FOR EVERYBODY Everything to eat, to wear and for the home Ready te wear attire for man, woman and child at lowest prices, quality and workmanship considered. Make it a point te visit this store every day and take advantage of the special bargain offerings that we give in all departments. The: Cranford Apartmeiit Building, 3600. Wabash Ave Bad Hearing. ‘When Proctor Knott, now dead, was governor of Kentucky an influential citizen of a mountain county in the eastern end of the state was convicted of manslaughter and sentenced to serve a term of years in prison. Having an aversion to going to pris- on the mountaineer brought pressure to bear upon the executive office with & view to securing a pardon. His en- emies were equally active in fighting ‘his petition, and they set on foot a movement to convince the pardoning power that he was a menace to the Peace of the community and belonged behind steel bars. One day the governor received a let- ter written personally by the convicted man. It began as follows: “Deer Gov—It you've heared what T've heared you've heared you've hear- ed a le.”—Saturday Evening Post. ee sO a ES a a en oo re ae - aa: coe =o C SF : 4 fe 4 eee . Hae © ee ee Were ree Fee. a i eigen | What Memory Is. The correct way to increase the pro- ductivity of the memory is to link ev- ery new thing with an understood thought already in hand. Merely to memorize the Bible and thus to be able parrot-like to speak it “by heart” is not memory. Intellectually and emo- tionally to appreciate and understand one psalm or proverb is memory. To know where to put your finger on the right verse or passage of the Bible on your table is practical and useful rec- ollection. Dictionaries, directories, en- cyclopedias, indexes and reference books do the mechanical part for you. Reason, association, adaptability and the perception of relationships are bet- ter than much Latin and more Greek, however beautiful and instructive these may be in themselves.—Exchange. The finest building ever opened to Colored tenants in Chicago. Steam heat, electric light, tile baths, marble entrance. . W. Casey,’Agent. - *Phone Randolph 803 We Case see Ser q ey Se —, tal Hi | } ioe =! | —— Z Viet Ieee) Aes 4 =A =I "(ZZ y | CHEE af SSS SSNS See SSS SSS ES SY They Burn Gas or Coal COMBINATION RANGES | Two New Styles—Just From the Factory [All the conveniences of « gas range for every day cooking—with an ever-ready coal range for below-zero emergencies. - The gas section has practically the capacity of a standard Composite Range, while the coal section has a large “two-hole” top surface. You can inspect these Combination Ranges at any of our branch stores or our big salesroom downtown. Ask about monthly payment terms. : The Peoples Gas Light & Coke Company Old Times at the Capital. In recalling the lively and pictor. esque incidents which the old timers enjoyed in Washington one is moved almost to tears over the commonplace nature of his own times. John Adams used to bathe in the Potomac every morning at daylight because he had no bathtub in the White House, and no one ever pulled a camera on him. Presi dent Taylor used to walk about the town and stop and chat with every one he met, like a policeman. A reception in the White House in these days is relieved of monotony only by the great crush of guests, who trample the clothes off one another's backs. Anoth- er president set up in the east room a 600 pound cheese and Invited the mul- titude to come in and help itself, which the multitude proceeded to do. a i ‘The pearl fisheries of Ceylon are said to be the oldest industry in the world. For over 3,000 years the pearl oyster harvest has been gathered by the na- tives, who, skilled in diving, have hand. ed down the industry from one genera- tion to the next. Pearl fishing in Cey- lon today is somewhat of a speculation, ‘The greatest care is taken lest when the shells of the bivalves are opened any of the precious gems be lost or stolen. A very strict watch is kept over the natives who are employed in this kind of work, but in spite of the greatest precautions some of the small- er stones are frequently concealed. The refuse from the shells is very carefully examined subsequent to this first ex- amination. Even the dried dust of the oyster is carefully sifted. ‘Smokeless Powder. Smokeless powder dates back some fifty years, but it was not until about 1886 that it attained its real efficiency and sprang into general use. It must be understood that even the best of this powder is not absolutely smoke- less. It is not smoky enough, how- ever, to “do any harm,” and as com- pared with the old powder may well De called “smokeless.”—New York American. Charles Reade’s Mistake. “It was Charles Reade, wasn’t it, who wrote, ‘Nothing is so terrible as a fool?” “Yes, but he was wrong. I live next door to a newly married couple. If Charles could see them he would at once admit that two fools are even more terrible.”—Chicago Herald. — : _ All Eye Trouble emer” (8. LOUE USSELMANN ‘THE MOST COMPLETE OPTICAL ROOMS IN THE CITY SOMPLETE oPrioAL nooms 1m Consultation or examination | 3150 S. STATE ST. Ege | rn aren tm guarantee to givesatisfaction. | _--~SCHICAGO. A Long Pull. Personally we never expect to have any trouble with our appendix. We think the dentist pulled it out when he fetched that tooth.—Galveston News. Eggs. ‘The earliest Scriptural mention of egzs a8 a food is found in Job vi, 6: “Is there any taste in the white of an ece?”