The Broad Ax

THE BROAD AX HAS BEEN DECLARED WITH ALL OF ITS ATTENDING HORRORS BY THE UNITED STATES AGAINST THE IMPERIAL GOVERNMENT OF GERMANY IN MANY PARTS OF THIS COUNTRY ANARCHY AND LAWLESSNESS ARE STRONGLY IN EVIDENCE AND IT IS WORTH ANYONE'S LIFE TO EXPRESS THEIR HONEST CONVICTIONS IN RELATION TO THE WAR. SO FAR THE WAR HAS COST THE EUROPEAN NATIONS MORE THAN SIXTY-SIX BILLION DOLLARS AND SOME OF THE SHORT SIGHTED STATESMEN OF THIS COUNTRY AIDED BY THE TRUST NEWSPAPERS ARE IN FAVOR OF DONATING TO FRANCE ONE BILLION DOLLARS OF THE PEOPLE'S MONEY AND OTHER BILLIONS TO THE OTHER ALLIES NOTWITHSTANDING THE FACT THAT MUCH OF THE WAR DEBT OF THE SLAVE HOLDER'S REBELLION IN THIS COUNTRY FROM 1861 TO 1865 STILL REMAINS UNPAID. FROM AUGUST 1, 1914, TO JANUARY 31, 1917, THE MUNITION MANUFACTURERS IN THIS COUNTRY HAVE SHIPPED TO THE ALLIES MATERIALS OF WAR TO THE EXTENT OF $1,059,828,156. HON. ROBERT M. LA POLLETTE, DELIVERED A NOTABLE AND FAR REACHING ORATION IN THE UNITED STATES SENATE IN OPPOSITION TO THE DECLARATIONS OF WAR. COL. THEODORE ROOSEVELT WILL NOT BE PERMITTED TO HEAD A DIVISION AND RUSH INTO THE TRENCHES OF THE ALLIES WITH HIS SOLDIERS AND THEN RETURN TO THIS COUNTRY AND BE ELECTED PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES IN 1920. Vol. XXII. HAS BEEN HORRIBLE IN MANY PARTS OF THIS COUNTRY ARE STRONGLY IN EVIDENCE TO EXPRESS THEIR HONEST CIVIL WAR. SO FAR THE WAR HAS COST THE SIXTY-SIX BILLION DOLLARS A STATESMEN OF THIS COUNTRY. PAPERS ARE IN FAVOR OF DOLLARS OF THE PEOPLE'S HISTORY. THE OTHER ALLIES NOT WITHIN OF THE WAR DEBT OF THE SLAVIC COUNTRY FROM 1861 TO 1865 SUMMER. FROM AUGUST 1, 1914, TO JANUARY 1, 1915, FACTURERS IN THIS COUNTRY MATERIALS OF WAR TO THE UNION. HON. ROBERT M. LA FOLLETTE, BEST REACHING ORATION IN THE URGENTION TO THE DECLARATIONS. COL. THEODORE ROOSEVELT WILL DIVISION AND RUSH INTO THE HIS SOLDIERS AND THEN RE-ELECTED PRESIDENT OF THE UNION. It has been truly said by some noted writer, namely, that "the vast majority of the so-called Christian people throughout the so-called civilized world are still savages at heart, hence they would rather be in a state of war than in a state of rest or peace with all the world," and this is largely true of the lead rulers of this mighty nation, for ever since the war started in the old world the people residing in this country, and especially those engaged in curious lines of business, have been more active than all the rest of the warlike nations of the earth that have not been actively engaged in the war in adding the allies in every way in their warfare against Germany and it must be admitted by all fair-minded men who love the absolute truth that if it had not been for the aid rendered the allies in the way of supplying them with the munitions of war to the extent of billions of dollars, including food products of every kind and so on, the deadly and bloody conflict in that country would have come to an end long ago, and just because Germany has attempted to defend and protect herself against the invasion of the allied forces into her country and to resent or protest against this country joining hands with the allies for the sole purpose of destroying Germany so that the allies will be in a better position to pay their bended indelicteness to the money loaners in this country. Unrelenting warfare has been declared by the United States government against the imperial government of Germany and before it comes to an end two or three years hence a million American soldiers may or will be sent four or five thousand miles across the sea to assist the allies to fight the Germans. The advocates of war with all of its attending horrors and evils and many of the so-called owners of the trust newspapers, for it is freely contended that they are really owned by the money lords of England, are making a desperate effort to stifle free speech in this country and kill off all those who absolutely refuse to rush HEW TO THE LINE; LET THE CHIPS FALL WHERE THEY MAY HEW TO THE LINE; LET THE CHIPS FALL WHERE THEY MAY WAR headlong into the bloody vortex of war with them. It seems to us that whenever any one or any great number of people are in favor of doing away with free speech while they are on the eve of rushing into a long, bloody war that something is wrong and that somewhere there is a big Colored man or money king or a heaven-born trust lord hid in the wood-pile. The trust or the war newspapers have so successfully succeeded in injecting the savage or the war spirit into the people to such an extent that in many parts of this broad land which should be the best and the most peaceful on the face of the earth, a state of anarchy and lawlessness is rampant; so much so until it is very dangerous for any one to express their honest convictions in relation to the state of war which has been fastened upon the shoulders of the plain or the common people by the money changers and the other high lords of creation. Up to the present time the war has cost the European nations more than sixty-six billion dollars and the end is not yet in sight, and many of the trust newspapers in this country and some of its short-sighted statesmen are strongly advocating that the United States should freely donate to France outright one billion dollars of the people's money simply to show our friendship for it and that this country should advance several billions of dollars in real money to the other allies regardless of the fact that much of the war debt of the slave holders' war of the rebellion in this country from 1861 to 1865 still remains unpaid and the people are still carrying it around on their heavy burdened shoulders. So far, or from August 31, 1914, down to the present time, the munition manufacturers in this country have forwarded to the allies materials of war to the extent of $1,059,828,156, and before the long and bloody war is over they may rake in that much more from the allies and double that amount from the United States. CHICAGO, APRIL 7, 1917 Hon. Robert M. LaFollette delivered in the United States senate a very far reaching and very timely oration in opposition to the declaration of war and for over three hours he held every one spellbound who sat under the sound of his voice. He spoke in part as follows: "I had supposed until recently that it was the duty of senators and representatives to vote and act their honest convictions on questions coming before them; quite another doctrine has been proposed by the newspapers of the country; it is the doctrine of standing behind the president without inquiry as to whether he is right or wrong. "I have never subscribed to that doctrine and I never shall. I have stood behind him when I believed him right, and I shall continue to oppose him when I believe him wrong. "If it is important for us to speak on matters of domestic policy, though we may be unfortunately in disagreement, it is infinitely more important to speak and vote our convictions where the question is one of peace or war, involving certainly the lives and fortunes of our people and, it may be, the destinies of all of them and even of the civilized world as well. If, unhappily on such a momentous question, the most patient research and conscientious consideration we could give leave us in disagreement with the president, I for one, regrettably but none the less firmly, must-remain so." The senator referred to the president's speech to congress and when he severed relations with Germany and the one asking for armed neutrality. He said conditions between this country and Germany have not changed greatly since the diplomatic break. Declaring he became convinced that arming of merchantmen would be wholly futile and a "lure to their destruction," he spoke of how he had been criticized by the executive for opposing the armed ship bill. The president's daughter, Mrs. McAdoo, listened from a gallery. "Representatives of the president saw fit, by methods I do not care to characterize, to prevent my speaking," he said. "The president issued a statement in which he saw fit to characterize as 'wilful' the conduct of senators who, in obedience to their conscience and oaths of office, opposed the bill. I know of no graver charge." Senator La Follette read a sheaf of telegrams reporting "straw vote," post card, and other polls in various communities opposing war. He declared out of 15,000 or 20,000 letters and telegrams he had received regarding his vote on the armed ship bill, from 80 to 90 per cent had approved his stand. The senators who opposed the armed neutrality bill had been attacked and "seurriously libelled" in the newspapers, he declared, contrary to the spirit of fairness which once pervaded the nation. "Let People Be Heard." Asserting that a minority frequently is able to shape the national policy, Senator La Follette made a plea that the people make themselves heard. THE MEMORIAL CENTRE The popular judge of the County Court of Cook County, who has many friends among all classes of his fellow citizens, who would be delighted to see him enter the race for Mayor of Chicago in 1919. "The poor who are called to rot in the trenches," he declared, "have no organized mouthpiece; they have no press, but some time they will be heard, I hope, in an orderly and peaceful way and before long, when, if we take this step, prices of necessaries will multiply and they will come to be taxed double again and again. The people will be heard; they will have their day." The senator referred to the president's statement that Germany had violated its submarine pledges, and continued: "Her promise, so-called, was conditional upon England being brought to obedience of international law. Was it quite fair to lay before the country the statement that Germany made an unconditional promise and had deliberately violated it? "It was England—not Germany—who refused to obey the declaration of London, containing the most humane ideas of naval warfare which could be framed by the civilized world up to that time. Keep that in mind." of the County Court of Cook County, wives of his fellow citizens, who would be for Mayor of Chicago in 1919. Suspicions of War Profits. “If this is war upon all mankind, is it not peculiar that the United States is the only nation of all neutrals which regards it necessary to declare war upon Germany? All have refused to join in a combination against Germany. Some may have a clearer view than we. This suspicion of a desire for war profits does not attach to them.” Senator La Follette said the United States has not the confidence of the other American republics, because of its war policies. He predicted that entrance of the United States would not shorten the conflict, “but will vastly extend it by drawing other nations in.” It is idle, he declared, to talk of a war on the German government and not on the German people. "We are leagued," he said, "or are about to be, according to the president's speech, with the hereditary enemies of the German people. Words are not strong enough to protest against a combination with the entente allies, which would have us indorse the violations of international law by Great No.29 Britain and her purpose to wreak vengeance on the German people. We do not know what is in the minds of those who made the compacts in which we are to share." "Ten to One Oppose." Reverting to the president's assertion that the German people were thrown into war without an opportunity to say anything about it, the senator asked: "Will the supporters of this war bill have a vote on it before it goes into effect? Unless they do that it ill becomes us to speak of Germany. Submit this question to the people. By a vote of 10 to 1 they would register their declaration against war." The German people, he asserted, have been more solidly behind their government than the people of the United States will be behind the president in waging war on Germany. "The espionage bill and the military bill which have been drawn by the war machine in this country," he said, "are complete proof that those responsible (Continued on page 4.) Dan M. Jackson Geo. T. Kersey David A. McGowan Ahmed A. Rayner The Emmanuel Undertaking 2959-61 S Reliable Service Reasona The Emanuel Jackson Undertaking Co., Inc. 2959-61 South State St. Reliable Service Courteous Treatment Reasonable Prices FREE CHAPEL IN CONNECTION Complete line of Funeral Goods. Automobiles for hire Telephone Douglas 6568 Automatic 73-657 THE SOLAGE BILLIARD ACADEMY "THE MODERN SCHOOL" CLEAN AND RELIABLE TERREVOUS L. DOUGLAS. Prop. CIGARS-WHOLE BOX TRADE 3556 South State St CIGARS-WHOLESALE AND RETAIL BOX TRADE A SPECIALTY FREE STYLE BOOK HAIR To Colored Women We are the largest manufacturers of Colored Women's Hair. Our latest book showing n styles in hair dressing sent free. Every colored wom- man should use Grouch with Kohl. We all have sours our hair and toilet articles. 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The fish besides being a malaria destroyer became very important as an addition to native food—London Telegraph. Smiled the Wrong Way. "Well, my boy," he asked cheerfully at the breakfast table the morning after Cholly had taken the leap, "how did things go last evening? Did she smile on your proposal?" "No," said Cholly fairly, pushing away a breakfast roll. "She smiled at it"—Pittsburgh Chronicle-Telegraph. Compensation Life is compensatory to this extent: When a man reaches the point at which his wife is compelled to make the living for the family he has also reached the point at which the fact ceases to humiliate him.—Topeka Capital. What Every Woman Knows A woman always knows when a man is in love with her. A man often knows a woman is in love with him when she isn't—Exchange. Skinny—What made the tower of Pisa laver? Aver D. Pois—If I knew I'd try it—Yale Record. --- PRACTICAL HEALTH HINT For acute articular rheumatism the following treatment is recommended by a writer in the Medical Adviser, quoted by the Medical Record: An ointment made of four drums each of ichthyol, methyl salicylate and oil of turpentine, mixed with four ounces of lanolin, is applied to the affected joints and covered with cotton and oiled silk. The patient is put to bed in flannel nightclothes and between blankets for absolute rest. His diet must be liquid, preferably milk, together with fruit juices and plenty of water. Elimination through bowels, skin and kidneys must be attended to carefully. At the beginning of the treatment a dose of calomel and blcarbonate of soda is given and followed after four hours by rochelle salts or a seidlits powder. Rhubarb and soda may be given to advantage until the tongue is clean. Throughout convalescence the patient must abstain from all animal foods and alcohol. PAGE TWO He Was Fat Rheumatism. Phones Calumet 6164 Automatic 71-629 OPEN DAY AND NIGHT Michael Jackson Eng Co., Inc. South State St. Courteous Treatment Table Prices IN CONNECTION Ids. Automobles for hire BILLIARD ACADEMY CLEAN AND RELIABLE , DOUGLAS, Prop. SALE AND RETAIL E A SPECIALTY bet Chicago Bees and Fruit. An agricultural society of Florence, Italy, has recently carried out a thorough investigation of the alleged injury of fruit by bees and has completely exonerated the latter. Bees are unable to perforate the skin of the fruit, and it is only incidentally that they suck the juices of fruits injured by other natural causes. The damage sometimes attributed to these insects is due to poultry, wild birds, wind and hail, and even more frequently to hornets, wasps, moths and other insects. Instead of being harmful to orchards and vineyards, bees perform the useful service of effecting the cross pollination of flowers, and hence the setting of fruit as well as the destruction of damaged fruits (especially grapes) by sucking the juice and pulp and thus preventing fermentation and rot extending to sound individuals. The orchards and vineyards frequented by bees give the most constant crops.—Scientific American. Idolatry as It Is. After months spent in idolatrous lands I have been unable to see much real worship in heathen shrines. The educated worship with their tongues in their cheeks and the ignorant with their hearts in their mouths. But the amount of real worship that exists in heathen temples is very small. Sometimes a bereaved mother will enter the temple and draw from her kimono the tiny blub of a departed little one and tie it to the statue of Jizo, the god of motherhood. Sometimes an old man or woman almost blind will enter the temple and rub the eyes of a wooden god and then rub his own in the hope that eternal darkness may not close in on his affrighted soul. In some places Buddhist services are as dignified, as well attended and as helpful as our own. In Hakodate I attended a Buddhist preaching service that smacked less of idolatry and more of morals than some ceremonials in our cruciform chapels.—Christian Herald. The Arabic Language Though the Arabs number less than the population of London, their language is one of the most widely spoken and influential in the world, for it is the language of the Koran. Seventy millions of people in Asia and north Africa speak some form of Arabic as their vernacular, and quite as many more know something of the language from the Koran, which in the original is a text book in the day schools of the Mohammedans from Turkey to Afghanistan and New Guinea. Nor is Arabic unworthy of this extensive use. Renan, after expressing his surprise that such a language should spring from the desert regions of Arabia and reach perfection in nomadic camps, declares that it surpasses all its sister Semitic languages in richness of vocabulary, delicacy of expression and the logic of its grammatical construction.—London Chronicle. Politics and Tobacco Something like half a century ago a man named Dan Bradley started the custom in a little cigar store in Brooklyn of keeping a box of smoking tobacco on the counter, with a sign above it saying, "Fill your pipe." Partly on the strength of his popularity, due in no small degree to the free fillings for a pipe, Bradley ran independently for the state senate and was elected as against the regular candidate. "Five thousand clay pipes did the trick for Dan" was a saying at the time. "A man would have to give away automobiles to get elected to the senate nowadays," observed one of the new school of politicians. "The days of the election cigar and tobacco are gone forever."—New York World. Damascus Swords. Damascus swords, whose fame at one time made them almost one of the wonders of the world, were made of alternate layers of iron and steel, so finely tempered that the blade would bend to the hilt without breaking, with an edge so keen that no coat of mail could resist it and a surface so highly polished that when a Moslem wished to rearrange his turban he used his sword for a looking glass. Automatic 73-657 Chicago THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, APRIL 7, 1917. The Transformation. After the hero of seventeen looks at the heroine of fifteen she is a different person. Before he looks at her she likes the fine brick houses in the neighborhood. In fact, she sees many elegant houses in town that she thinks would make ideal homes. Unlike her mother, she even likes the house in which the family lives. But after the hero looks at her you couldn't give her a big brick house. To her such places look cold, and she hardly would take one of them as a gift. But she just worships every little four and five room cottage she sees. They look so cute and neat and dear and sweet and cozy and snug. Oh, if she could just have a house like that and a hero like him—he is the only one there is of his kind—she would be just too happy for anything! And she would make fudge and have a regular home, only it would be far happier than other homes.—Claude Callan in Fort Worth Star-Telegram. Tragedy of Being Dull. In the Woman's Home Companion Arnold Bennett describes the tragedy of being dull: "The man lacking imagination is the utterly matter of fact man. He is necessarily the man who never has and cannot have any point of view except his own. He is the Wordsworthian man to whom a primrose by the river's brim was stricly a yellow primrose instead of being a miracle. He is imprisoned in what to him is the actual, and he is always the exact center of the prison, which is of thickest iron. His tragedy is that he does not suspect and is incapable of suspecting that he is in prison at all and that the prison walls and floor and roof entirely prevent him from really 'getting at' any other human being whatsoever. He is always in his own place. This is the deep meaning of dullness, and this is the dull man's doom." How a Bullet Falls In order to solve the problem a special stand was erected in Germany, and experiments were carried on along the shores of a lake the surface of which was frozen. The ice was covered with strong planks. It was shown that an infantry bullet shot upward in a vertical direction passes downward in the same position in which it passed upward. In other words, it came back to the earth with its bottom first. Why was it not upset at its culmination point? The answer is that the propelling force ceases to act at the culmination point, but the twist has as yet not stopped, and therefore it starts its fall with a twist. Even on impact the twist has not stopped, as was indicated by the warping of the wood fibers in the planking on the ice.—Popular Science Monthly. Where the Five Points Was The Five Points, once a most dangerous part of the New York slums, is now the site of Paradise park. It is at the crossing of Worth, Baxter and Park streets, near the junction of Park row and the New Bowery and Chatham square and practically adjoining Mulberry bend. In 1740 fourteen negroes were burned here during the negro insurrection. Here the Dead Rabbits had their headquarters and fought the Bowery Boys. The Seventh regiment was called out July 3, 1857, to quell a riot here. The Five Points mission was incorporated in 1850. Shrewd. The manager, writing out the announcement of his show, ended with these words: "The patronage of children under eighteen is not encouraged." "That," he remarked shrewdly, "will appeal to the children over eighteen!" -New York Post. Hard on the Records Freshman (in awed voice)—See that big fellow over there? He broke three records last week. Sweet Young Thing—Mercy, I wouldn't let him run the phonogram!- Penn State Froth. Blindfolded. If blindfolded, it is said, no person is able to stand five minutes without moving. ____ Restrain a Cough A patient German statistician has calculated that a patient who coughs once every quarter of an hour for ten hours expends energy equivalent to 250 units of heat, which may be translated as equivalent to the nourishment contained in three eggs or two glasses of milk. In normal respiration the air is expelled from the chest at the rate of four feet per second, whereas in violent coughing it may attain a velocity of 300 feet. This waste of energy is especially important because it occurs for the most part in persons whose assimilative functions are already working under difficulties; consequently the ingestion of the corresponding quantity of nourishment by no means compensates for the exertion. It follows that persistent cough is per se a cause of emaciation, though there are many other factors which tend in the same direction; hence the desirability of restraining cough within safe limits, especially when it is due to irritative reflexes, such as are excited by laryngitis and pharyngitis.-Medical Critic and Guide. Dreams May Be Overtime Work. Dreams are a good test of the need of sleep and many times answer the question of overwork or idleness, according to Dr. Percy G. Stiles, who lectured at the Harvard medical school on "Sleep." "It is possible to judge by one's dreams whether one needs sleep," he said. "If the dreams are of a rambling variety, the kind that seem to pop from nowhere or anywhere, it is a pretty good sign that you are not overtired. On the other hand, if the dreams are a continuation of the day's worries the chances are that you are overtired. Dreams remote from the day's work are a vacation, but dreams connected with the day's work are overtime." "To go to sleep get the body and mind comfortable. The body is easier to make comfortable than the mind. A rubdown, a bath and a little bit to eat help bring that about. To compose the mind read some familiar book or poetry. That soothes the mind, for no exertion is necessary to read it"—Boston Journal. The Actor's Indifference It is probable that the height of indifference is reached in the veteran actor. I saw one at the Press club recently who confirms this suspicion thoroughly. He is in a good show, but has a small part, appearing only in the first act. "How is the show?" I asked him. "Pretty fair, I'm told," he answered. "What's it about?" "Can't say." "How does it end?" "Don't know." "For goodness' sake," I asked. "haven't you ever seen the play? You are in it yourself?" "No," he answered, with a look of being bored. "Several times I have thought of going around front to see what it was all about; but, my dear old chap, I have never seemed to get around to it."—Washington Star. Keeps Milk From Boiling Over Among the various devices which are intended to prevent milk from bolling over we noticed one which solves the problem in a very simple way, says the Scientific American. It consists of a straight tube of say two or three inches in diameter at the top and expanding somewhat toward the bottom, where it is provided with a firing and cup shaped end of rather large diameter, the whole being somewhat of trumpet shape. Out of the lower part are cut, say four suitable openings, and we set the device upright in the vessel with the small end just out of the liquid. Should the milk tend to boll violently this action commences at the bottom, and the liquid is forced up the tube, then falls upon the surface again, so that the bolling action will continue in this way and the milk has no tendency to leave the vessel. Submarine Torpedoes Launching a torpedo from a submarine is simple. The torpedo fits closely in a tube or cylinder, with an opening at the rear made airtight when closed. At the desired moment there is a discharge of cordite and the torpedo is on its way. When the torpedo is projected from a ship or boat into the water a lever is thrown back, admitting air into the engines, causing the propellers to revolve and drive the torpedo ahead. The torpedo travels under water at a high rate of speed. It carries a large charge of explosive, which is ignited on the torpedo striking any hard substance, such as the hull of a ship. The distance the tube is submerged depends on the target, but the nearer the surface the more effective. Shun "Tips" if You Play Stocks "Whatever you do, don't go it alone," is the advice that Harold Howland gives to women investors in the Woman's Home Companion. "Shun the financial gossip of the uninformed, the cocksure counsel of the irresponsible, the glittering generalities or the more insidious particularities of the conceived ignoramus. Beware of rumors, 'tips' and 'inside information.' Base your transactions upon the firm ground of accurate information, sound judgment and disinterested advice. Don't try to 'get rich quick.' His Modesty. "Yes," replied Mr. Cumrox, "although I should never speak of myself as such." "Why not?" "Because I'm not absolutely sure I know how to pronounce the word."—New York American. A Matter of Protection Actor—I say, old man, I wish you'd advance me $5 and take it out of my first week's salary. Manager—But my dear fellow, suppose it happened that I couldn't pay your first week's salary. Where would I be?—Boston Transcript. Probably. "Pop, you know that famous bare-foot winter at Valley Forge?" "Yes, son. What of it?" "Was that the time they said tried men's soles?"-Baltimore American Jack—Do you know that Kitty is an awfully sharp girl? Percy—Yes; she cut me on the street the other day.—Cornell Widow. Mara Photographs The best photographs of the canals of Mars were taken through red and orange screens. Perseverance always wins in the long run—usually in a walk. What "Barrage Fire" is. An interesting feature of artillery fire is the "curtain" or "barrage" fire. This means simply keeping up such a terrific fire on a certain area that an enemy cannot or will not cross it. When an infantry attack is launched a barrage on the ground beyond the enemy's front line prevents his re-enforctions coming up while the attacking infantry are having it out with the defenders of the trench. If the attack carries beyond the first line the artillery of the defense promptly interposes a barrage to prevent its reaching the second line. If the attack on the first line fails the defending artillery puts a barrage behind the attacker's line to prevent re-enforctions coming up to it and to enable the victorious defenders to counterattack and destroy the enemy in his own trenches. It is merely a wholesale development of a long established method of supporting the infantry.—Major E. D. Scott in National Service Magazine. Mystery of a Fish. In the economy of nature nothing is more remarkable than the metamorphosis of the flounder, which when young swims in an upright position, as do all other fish, but when maturity develops it becomes topeheavy, falls over on its side and its existence is passed as a flat fish. That nature moves in a mysterious way is here freely illustrated, for when the flounder falls flat the two eyes, which originally were on either side of the head, are transposed to the upper side of the fish, where they always face the light. The process by which this strange change is accomplished has never been discovered by scientists and is a marvelous instance of nature's operations, for while the fish usually rests upon bottom it can readily swim about in any depth of water.—New York Sun. A Short Business Talk. In a certain store the merchandise manager sent for the ready to wear and millinery buyers and said to them: "You men are getting a bad accumulation of stock that is hard to move. Hereafter you will make a daily and weekly inventory and send the report to this office." Both buyers declared this to be impossible, but the merchandise man told them to go and do it. Especially he wanted them to show the age of the goods in stock, the sizes and the colors. After attempting to take some of these daily inventories the buyers decided that an easier way would be to get busy and sell the goods faster. This same plan has been used in many departments with fine results. There is nothing like the spot light to engender selling activity in a store. Philadelphia Record. All In the Dialect A New Zealand man vouchs for the truth of the following story: Dick Seddon was of Lancashire origin, and when he died the Lancastrian society in New Zealand sent a wreath with the following inscription: "I have gone whoam." The journalist who reported the funeral evidently did not come from Lancashire and consequently was somewhat puzzled by the wording and, after thinking hard, concluded that some one had blundered. His report read: "The Lancastrian society sent a beautiful wreath bearing the inscription: "I have gone. Who am I?" Destroying an Idol "Charley, dear," said young Mrs. Torkins, "you can say anything you like nowadays about George Washington, can't you?" "Yes. The lid seems to be off." "Well, I never liked to mention it before, but I have my doubts about his being incapable of an effort to deceive. His pictures look to me as if the old gentleman wore a wig."—Washington Star. Luxury and Labor Alexander the Great, reflecting on his friends degenerating into sloth and luxury, told them that it was a most slavish thing to luxuriate and a most royal thing to labor—Barrow. Happiness Happiness rarely is absent. It is that we know not of its presence. The greatest felicity avails us nothing if we know not that we are happy. PRACTICAL HEALTH HINT. Diet and Health In an article on "Taming the Liver" World's Work says that the daily meal of the average business man consisting of meat and potatoes and white bread is ideal for inducing constipation. Most of us should not eat more than once a day. Eat the shells of your baked potatoes and eat whole wheat bread or graham for the help that what we call "roughage" has in stimulating bowel action. And see to it that you take liberal portions of at least two kinds of vegetables at both luncheon and dinner, such vegetables as peas, beans, lettuce, parsnips, carrots, turnips, celery, oyster plant, cabbage. Brussels sprouts, tomatoes, salsify, Spanish onions, asparagus and spinach. If you dislike these you will be able to substitute fruits that you do like. Eat the right things, get sufficient exercise and rest and you will have no need for habit forming laxatives which eventually may do you much harm. --- Vacations, according to the New York Medical Journal, are nature's salty valves for the relief of the high pressure resulting from efficiency. Efficiency demands that throughout working hours all the faculties be taxed to the utmost without waste of material of energy, but if properly directed aims at making an efficient man before an efficient product. Therefore production may not exact that the man speed up beyond his endurance. The recent application of efficiency methods makes the vacation more than ever necessary. "The vacation," says the Medical Journal, "should be the nearest approach to the simple life. It is for this reason that the country, with all its many inconveniences, is so often chosen for the place of vacation. The vacation period allows for the absorption and elimination of the fattening products from the system accumulated in the pressure period of the work. The longer the vacation, therefore, the better the subsequent work." Plant For a Hanging Plant Indoor gardeners will be interested in watching this plant grow. It follows the plan of the strawberry in sending out runners and starting new growths at the end of the stem. The strawberry, however, has the earth to establish its new growths. This indoor plant sends out the runners growing for earth where there is none. It called the saxifrage. It is a favorite plant for hanging baskets. A small tuft of leaves develops at the end of each vine. From this tuft other runners are sent out, and these in turn develop more tufts. By this method the saxifrage keeps on expanding until the basket is covered with a network of vines and a blantern of leaves. The leaves, shaped like those of the geranium, are a reddish olive veined in white. It requires ordinary soil and a moderate amount of water and shade.—Philadelphia North American. Real Democracy Before Denmark consented to sell the Danish West Indies to the United States a plebiscite was held, and the electorate voted upon the question. The people of the United States, however, were never consulted as to whether they desired to make the purchase. The people of England vote directly on national questions whenever parliament is dissolved, and the government "goes to the country" on nearly every matter of really vital import. Many Americans fondly imagine that the United States is the only real democracy in the world. As a matter of fact, in Switzerland, Australia and New Zealand government is more directly responsible to the people than in the United States; Canada's government is at least equally representative as ours, while England, although nominally a constitutional monarchy, probably is more democratic than the United States—St. Paul Dispatch. Art and Nature Art is the revelation of man, and not merely that, but likewise the revelation of nature speaking through man. Art pre-exists in nature, and nature is reproduced in art. As vapors from the ocean floating landward and dissolved in rain are carried back in rivers to the ocean, so thoughts and the semblances of things that fall upon the soul of man in showers flow out again in living streams of art and lose themselves in the great ocean, which is nature. Art and nature are not, then, discordant, but ever harmoniously working in each other.—Longfellow's "Hyperion." What She Wanted A woman was knocked down by a horse, but happily escaped with a few scratches. A man rescued her and said, "Can I get you anything?" She (much out of breath and gasping with excitement)—Oh—oh—can you kindly get me— He—Some brandy? She-No-not drink—some safe pins. I feel I'm falling all to pieces-Pittsburgh Chronicle. Heard at the Club. You know his "You mean that fellow with a wart mustache and manicured nails?" "Yes." "Well, I knew women did fancy work, but I never knew they did any thing as fancy as that."—Exchange. On the Lookout: Friend—You are not going to run again? Congressman—No; it's too strenuous. I was sent down to Washington to look out for my constituents and from the tone of their letters I got to look out for them when I get home—Puck. Second Sight. "Do you believe in second sight?" "No, but my wife does. When I go shopping with her she always says to the assistant, 'I'll come in and look at these again.'" -London Telegraph. Did Her Best. Teacher—Do you know the population of New York? Mamie Backrow-Not all of them, ma'am; but, then, we've only lived here two years—Puck. The Champion Lie. Probably the unmitigated falsehood most frequently told year in and year out takes this form: We welcome honest criticism.—Ohio State Journal. To fret and fume is undignified, sucidally foolish and theoretically unparadable—Robert Louis Stevenson. U BOAT RIDDANCE Knotty Problem Confronts United States Naval Department. Do Not Expect It Will Be Easy Task, However—Latest German Submerable Said to Be Able to Take Considerable Punishment From Light Guns of Armed Merchant Craft. Washington—Navy department advises indicate that Germany has laid down no new capital ship or destroyer during the war, confining new construction to submarines. Battleships, battle cruisers and destroyers building when the war began have been finished, but aside from them Germany's naval constructing geniuses have devoted their efforts to turning out large numbers of submarines and to improving such craft. While little positive information has been received, naval officers are satisfied with the information regarding Photo by American Press' Association. BEAR ADMIRAL BENSON. submarines. Among other things, reports show that Germany probably has 200 1,000-ton submarines of the newer type capable of a wide radius of action and greater execution than any devised by other nations. The very latest German submarines have considerably thicker skins than earlier types and are said to be able to take considerable punishment from light guns, especially in clashes with armed merchant craft. The understanding is that the German navy has largely standardized submarine construction and can turn out the largest underwater craft in large numbers in a short time. In view of the feverish activity of the German-navy in turning out submarines, naval experts are not inclined to belittle the task which lies before the United States and the allies in raising the high seas of the underwater menace. If Germany can turn out large, powerful submarines in great numbers and keep them coming steadily the task will prove anything but easy. The fact that the tonnage destroyed since Feb. 1 has been far below the figure set by Berlin has encouraged the belief in the allied countries that Germany has already passed her maximum in utilizing the submarine to "starve" England and the nations fighting with that country. But American naval officers are not inclined to take this view. Although they are confident the submarine problem will be solved, they will not be surprised if it takes a long time. Naval preparations for all emergencies have settled down largely to routine. Instead of being in haste navy department officials and navy officers go about their tasks with cool determination. Some of the higher officers skip the barber shop occasionally and work long hours in their offices and in their homes after office hours. But there is no outward evidence of excitement in or about the navy department. The machinery is in smooth running order and appears to be working with precision. PISTOL THREAT HOLDS MAID. Society Leader Takes Drastic Step to Prevent Severe From Leaving Evanston, Ill.—The practice of old feudal Kentucky of shooting those who invade your home in search of something you own will be staged in stained Old Ervanston unless other women cause enticing away the maids of one society leader late from "down south." Annie, maid extraordinary, is the bone of contention. "I am leaving Saturday night," said Annie after a talk with one of her mistress friends. "Mrs. Jones will pay me higher wages." "Down where I come from," drawled the mistress, "they shoot people for taking things of a whole lot less value than servants. You can go with Mrs. Jones if you want to. But some day I am going to call on Mrs. Jones. Either she or you is going to answer the door. I am going to shoot the first one of you I see. That's all." Annie is holding down the old job, and Mrs. Jones is not nearly so anxious to hire her as she believed she was. WILLIAMS WAS TERROR TO NEW YORK EVILDOERS Broke Up Gangs and Earned Title "Czar of Tenderloin." New York.—For nearly thirty years one of the most striking and picturesque figures in the metropolitan police department was former Inspector Alexander S. Williams, who died recently. Williams was a policeman of the old school. Sometimes they called him "the clubber," and at others "the czar of the Tenderloin." He earned both titles, the former breaking heads of thugs on the lower east side and the gas house district, and the latter by his conduct during the eleven years he was in command of the West Thirtieth street precinct. In 1866 Williams tired of ship carpentry, the trade he had learned, and became a policeman. His first post was on Houston street, where the toughest men in the city congregated. Their specialty was "beating cops," but they did not beat Williams. Picking out the toughest of the gang, Williams thrashed him thoroughly. Thereafter the new policeman was not troubled. In 1872 he was made captain and sent to the East Thirty-fifth street station. Gangs ruled the neighborhood, but the new captain clubbed them into submission. It was in 1876 that Williams was sent to the West Thirtieth street station, controlling the district given over to gambling and all night revels. He retired on a pension after the Lexow investigation. U BOAT BEATEN OFF IN BATTLE WITH STEAMER Survivors of Coronada Reach Halifax, N. S., and Relate Thrilling Story of Fight. Halifax, N. S.—Twenty-one survivors of the British steamer Coronada, which was torpedoed 150 miles off the Irish coast, arrived on a British steamer, which picked them up nine hours after the Coronada went down. Nine men were lost by the capsizing of their lifeboat. The survivors reported they had scarcely reached the deck of the rescuing steamer than they witnessed a thrilling battle between another tramp steamer and a submarine, in which the submarine probably received its death-blow. One of the Coronada's men said: "I was looking aft when I saw what looked to be a steamer coming up astern. She was making pretty good time considering the class that comes around as cargo boats. I took the glasses and saw that the steamer was in action with a submarine and was certainly holding her own. As I watched I saw a spurt of smoke issue from her stern gun and hit dangerously close to the periscope of the submarine. As the shot struck the submarine came to the surface, and a second later I saw the water shoot like a geyser alongside the Britisher. "Before the submarine could get under water the tramp returned this fire. As I watched the submarine I saw a shot land right at her side. There was a gush of water, and when the sea had quieted down once more there were no signs of the German craft. Whether she was sunk by the last shot of the Britisher or whether she managed to escape I cannot say, but this I know—that the battle ended in a manner which left little doubt as to who had the best of it." GERMANS IMPROVE AIR FIRE. They Greatly Increase Dangers of Entente Reconnaissance. London. -- Airmen returning from France report that the Germans are using new methods of combating the British airmen. Hitherto it has been possible for the British aviators to patrol over the important German positions by making squadron flights, the Germans using scattering anti-air craft fire. Now the Germans concentrate their anti-air craft guns on given areas, forcing the British aviators to go through a withering fire if they wish to reconnoiter the positions. London.—The number of automobile licenses issued in Great Britain and Ireland is only about half what it was before the war. In 1914 there were 537,000 registered motor vehicles of all kinds. The total for the following year was only 300,000 and for 1916 about 325,000. * MEAT AS SIDE LINE * * IN JEWELRY STORE * Calexico, Cal.-Cartoonists and paragraphers have not been so very extravagant in their deplictions of H. C. of L. if one is to judge by the innovation of a Main street jeweler here who has actually put in meats as a side line. The store presents a dazzling array of diamonds, steaks, rubles, pork chops, pigs' feet and amethysts. The old talk about casting your pearls before swine now seems certain to acquire an added significance. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, APRIL 7, 1917. LEGENDS OF WAR Many Strange Superstitions Are Born on Battlefield. GOLD COINS GOOD LUCK SIGNS To Dream of Autobus Considered Death Token—Appeals to Have Currency Sent to Bank of France and Keep It From Enemy Reduces Amount at Front. Paris. The character of the war has allowed a number of legends and superstitions to be born and spread, some of which can be traced and explained, while others remain obscure. To dream of an autobus has become a token of death. Apollinaire, the poet, has found this superstition in four different regiments and gives a story of a sergeant who succeeded in averting the omen in the case of a corporal who said he had dreamed of an autobus. "How can that be," the sergeant asked, "when you have never been to Paris or seen an autobus?" The corporal described the vision. "That an autobus!" declared the sergeant. "Why, that's one of those new machines that the English are using. Don't let that worry you." A regiment from the south has the same belief about an automobile wagon instead of an autobus and can quote many examples of the truth of such dreams. Gold coins are a mascot in the front lines, a superstition not difficult to explain. It was at first believed that wounded men on whom some gold was found would be better looked after by those who found them, and by degrees the belief grew up, especially among artillery, that a gold coin was a talisman against being mutilated if they were taken prisoners whether wounded or not. Apollinaire knew of a certain battery which in May, 1915, had some $1,000 in gold among its men, thanks chiefly to their commerce in rings, paper knives and other souvenirs, made by them from cartridge cases and aluminum and sold to foot soldiers. The government's appeals to have gold sent to the Bank of France and not to let it fall into enemy hands in case of capture have since reduced the amount of gold at the front, but many keep some coins as a charm. Many men sew coins touching one another in such a way as to make a shield over the heart. A story that is believed in the ranks shows how gold can attract the Germans. A sergeant made a gold coin glitter in the sun and some thirsty German soldiers walked right up to the French trench, charmed by its dazzle, and were easily captured. "Every man has his own particular star," a Lyons farm hand said to Apollinaire, "but he must know it. A gold coin is the only means to put you in communication with your star, so that its protecting virtue can be exercised. I have a piece of gold and so am easy in my mind I shall never be touched." As a matter of fact he was seriously wounded later. MULE BEAT HORSE AND MOTOR Proved Superior In Rural Mail Service Through Snow and Ice. Middleboro, Mass.—A sure footed mule accustomed to many hardships proved superior to horse and motorcar in the delivery of rural mail through highways packed deep with drifts of ice and snow. Not since the rural route hereabout was established fifteen years ago had such road conditions been reported as a result of a March snowstorm. Samuel Guilford, a carrier, tried to reach the country districts in a horse drawn pung, but made no progress. Later an automobile was pressed into use; but, like the horse, it failed. Then Guilford hired a mule and experienced no further trouble. ODD MALADY IN WISCONSIN Swollen Glands and High Temperature Features of Outbreak. Galesville, Wis.-Four persons have died here and scores are ill, some critically, from a disease the nature of which has baffled physicians from the Rochester (Minn.) foundation and the local health authorities. Schools have been closed as a result of the outbreak. City officials appealed to physicians in other cities for assistance in checking the spread of the malady. According to the statement of physicians who have had the disease under observation, little difficulty is experienced in detecting the symptoms, swollen glands and high temperature, but add that the proper treatment has not been developed. "BABY WEEK" IS SELECTED. Welfare Association Sets May 1-6 as Period of Celebration. New York.—May 1 to 6 has been designated as "baby week" throughout the country. The Babies' Welfare association of New York city urges all organizations to undertake local celebrations in the districts where they work and advises that in view of the present national situation no attempt be made to form a centrally organized committee to run a campaign like those of previous years. It is felt that the work of instructing parents in the needs and rights of babyhood can be done just as effectively in this way. MORE EGGS BY KINDNESS. Professor Has a Theory That Will Be Given a Thorough Test. Vineland, N. J. Whether kindly treatment of a hen will accelerate egg productivity in the inverse ratio of careless or indifferent attention is to be given official demonstration in the egg laying contests under way here. Professor E. R. Johnstone, superintendent of the Training School For Feeble Minded Boys and Girls, has maintained that kindness to a hen means more eggs, but some of the expert poultrymen hereabouts scout the idea, saying that the average hen is too obtuse to appreciate what is done for her. With the aid of Harry R. Lewis, poultry husbandman of the state experiment station, Professor Johnstone has arranged for the demonstration of his theory. Two pens of hens of the same breed and strain will be set apart. To one of them will be attached as attendant a man who can go about his work with a sunny smile, cheerful interest and gentle touch. To the other will be assigned one with an ingrown grouch. The same feed and the same conditions exactly will be applied to both pens and the records carefully kept as to which gives the best results. Professor Johnstone feels sure that his theory will be fully substantiated. NURSES FOR ARMY OF MILLION Red Cross Preparing to Serve That Number of Men In Case of War. Washington.—The Red Cross is ready to care for an army of a million. Enrolled for active service are 2,970 graduate nurses and more than 1,000 doctors and surgeons. Red Cross certificates in elementary hygiene and home care of the sick have been issued to 4,450 women who are available as nurses' aids. Thus the total nursing personnel is more than 7,000. Twenty-six base hospitals, each of 500 beds, have been organized in various cities. Their total cost is between $300,000 and $400,000. Twenty of these are ready for service completely equipped and fully manned. These units will call for 1,250 nurses and 590 nurses' aids. All Red Cross nurses, surgeons and nurses' aids have received or are now receiving immunity treatment for typhoid fever. All have also passed physical examinations. In addition to these army hospital units, the Red Cross is now organizing thirty-one navy detachments of twenty nurses each. Emergency detachments of nurses are also planned, which can be sent to relieve units on service or to meet special needs. FOR ANTI-LITTER LEAGUE. Several Thousand "Block Captains" Will Assist In Crusade. New York.—A movement to appoint several thousand "block captains" to co-operate with the New York Anti-Litter league in its work of keeping the streets and sidewalks clean was started at a conference in the Aldine club, attended by city officials and representatives of nearly a score of chambers of commerce, boards of trade, neighborhood associations and other civic organizations. For the present it is probable that captains will be appointed only from the ranks of the organizations interested in the movement, but eventually the league hopes to have a captain on every block in the city, whose duty it will be to urge upon janitors, porters, shopkeepers and the general public the necessity of keeping the sidewalks clean and sweeping their litter into proper receptacles. YALE MEN IN AERO UNIT. They Enroll In Naval Service and Begin Training. New London, Conn. — Sixteen members of Yale's flying unit arrived from New Haven and after being enrolled by Commander Yates Stirling, U. S. N., of the local submarine base, the young men returned to the Elm City. William F. Sullivan, who will be their instructor, is an experienced aviator employed by F. Trubee Davison last season, making several flights and at times accompanying the submarines in their maneuvers. The entire Yale squad of aviators numbering forty-eight left New York for Palm Beach, where ten flying machines awaited them for daily practice. David McColloch, another veteran aviator, will also instruct the Yale men at Palm Beach. Gemmed Spectacles For Dog. Atlantic City.—Diamond Jim Brady placed an order with a jeweler for a pair of tortoise shell spectacles to be studded with chips of rose colored stones as a gift for Mickers Mallory, a terrier owned by William Mallory, a board walk shopkeeper. Mr. Brady took a fancy to the dog and noticed its eyesight is affected. TOSS OF A COIN PICKS CANDIDATE FOR MAYOR Cripple Creek, Colo.—Thomas Surber, Democratic alderman, is the Democratic candidate for mayor by the grace of the flipping of a dollar that came "talls." The choice lay between Surber and Frank Vetter, another alderman. The leaders could not decide, so the men, who are good friends, settled it by the toss of a coin. COLLEGES IN WAR Institutions of Learning Rush to National Defense. SCIENTIFIC AID IMPORTANT. Princeton Has Adopted Resolutions to Enlarge Military Science and Tactics Course to Continue Two Years—Census of College Men to See What Each Can Do. Princeton, N. J.—Princeton university will not be behind other American institutions of learning in furthering America's defense. Of the many preparedness measures proposed here one of the most important is the scientific aid to be given the national research council in solving military problems and devising new engines of war. President Hibben has appointed a committee of twelve members of the faculty, alumni and trustees to supervise this work. The faculty has also adopted resolutions to enlarge the military science and tactics course, which will now con- PETER H. HARRIS Photo by American Press Association. JOHN GRIER HIBBEN. tinue two years, and take a military census of present and past Princeton men to find what each can do for his country. The university has also notified the war department it stands ready to turn over its plant to the government whenever required. The resolution to appoint a committee to supervise the research work of the university professors was made at the suggestion of George E. Hale, chairman of the national research council and of the Mount Wilson solar observatory, who wrote to Professor Edwin G. Conklin, explaining what the world of science expected in event of war. In his letter he says: "In the face of war every loyal man of science would be willing to drop his present work and devote his time and attention to researches in military problems. No one should hesitate because he faces new conditions. His experience as an investigator in any field will serve him well. It should not be forgotten that many of the greatest discoveries have been made by men of science who have come with fresh vision into a new department, where freedom from the hampering effect of habit and tradition has more than compensated for deficiency in special experience." WOMEN WEAR HOOPSKIRTS. Old Time Costume Reception In Cocks Home For Belgian Fund. New York.—The old country place of ex-Representative William W. Cocks at Westbury, on Long Island, had the appearance of an old manse during the Revolutionary war. Mrs. Cocks and a number of her neighbors held a reception at which every one wore an old costume. There were the hoopskirts, the bustle and the hobble. Over 500 persons crowded the Cocks home, and a good sum was realized for the Belgian relief fund, for the benefit of which the affair was held. WOULD COVER FAIR FORMS. Illinois Bill Fixes Low Limit For Decollete Gowns. Springfield, Ill.-A "barred zone" regulating decollete gown exposures in ballrooms will be established by the state of Illinois if an amendment offered by Senator Denvir to a Democratic bill is adopted. Senator Denvir's amendment would prohibit at public dances women from wearing any dress that exposed the body below a line drawn from shoulder tip to shoulder tip. DYE STOCK RISES 150 TIMES Britiaher Bankrupt Before War Now Worth $425,000. London.—The few firms of British dye manufacturers have made enormous profits since the beginning of the war. The report of one of them shows that the value of its shares has risen from $2 to $300. The value of the stock held by one stockholder who was declared bankrupt before the war jumped to $425,000. Before the war the stock was worth about $3,500. PAGE THREE HANGING BOY WINS IN FIGHT WITH BUZZARD Giant Bird Gives Up the Battle After an Hour's Terrific Grueling. Santa Rosa, Cal.—A battle between a giant buzzard and a fifteen-year-old boy clinging to the root of a shrub 250 feet up a straight ledge of rock was won by the boy, who is now recovering from an experience that rivals Poe's fictional terrors. The boy is Hans Mierbach, and he hung high above a pile of jagged rocks for four hours. He was walking on the brink of a precipe when his foot slipped and he fell over. Twenty feet below he caught a root and hung on. With his handkerchief he tied his left wrist to the root and then wrote a note to a boy friend bidding him farewell and saying that no one was responsible for his predicament. Just as he finished writing a huge buzzard flew down upon him and started to peck at his head and body. The hungry bird inflicted deep wounds in the boy's flesh. Young Mierbach fought the buzzard with his free hand for over an hour. He had been tormented to a frenzy and was about exhausted when the bird gave up the fight. At nightfall a searching party found the boy and rescued him. He had nearly lost consciousness from his experience and loss of blood. EFFECTS OF THE WAR ON CHILDREN OF ENGLAND Juvenile Delinquency Has Increased 34 Per Cent Since Great Struggle Began. Baltimore—Drawing a terrible picture of war's effects on children in England, Owen R. Lovejoy, general secretary of the National Child Labor Committee, told the conference on child labor here this country must take drastic steps to protect its little ones. Concerning conditions in Great Britain he said: "Last fall in the English parliament Sir James Yoxall said: 'A large portion of our elementary school system is in ruins—I will not say as desolate as the ruins of Louvain, but there is to some extent a likeness." "In one area 17,000 children out of 41,000 have been displaced from school because the buildings have been taken over for military purposes. Teachers have enlisted and government economies have lowered the efficiency of the schools; special classes, evening classes, medical inspection, free lunches have been reduced or stopped. In addition some 500,000 children between twelve and fifteen left school to enter industry in 1915 and probably more than that in 1916. Between 150,000 and 200,000 children eleven and twelve years old are at work. "Juvenile delinquency in England has increased 34 per cent since 1914, and delinquency of boys twelve and thirteen has increased in greater proportion than in any other age group." DOG SAVES GIRL'S LIFE. Animal Drags Her From River to a Sanitarium. Green Bay, Wis.—Madeline Denny, aged ten, of Little Rapids, owes her life to the courage and faithfulness of Brewster, a bulldog owned by Miss Helen Scheller, superintendent of the Brown county tuberculosis sanitarium. Madeline was crossing Fox river when she fell through a hole in the ice. "I clung on to the edge and screamed," she said. "Brewster was standing on the bank. He ran to me, grabbed my sleeve and pulled until I was able to extricate myself. Then he dragged me by the collar to the sanitarium grounds." The grounds are about 200 yards from the river. Brewster will be given a new collar, properly inscribed, just like hericole humans get Carnegie medals. FORTUNE TO POLICEMAN. Brooklyn Patrolman Goes to California For Legacy. New York.—A nineteen days' leave of absence was granted by Police Commissioner Woods to Patrolman James F. Gaffney of the Bedford avenue police station, Williamsburg. The policeman started for the Pacific coast to claim a fortune left to him by an aunt. Gaffney, who is thirty-five years old, married and lives at 124 Oak street, has been a dozen years on the force. The inheritance ranges all the way from $50,000 to $100,000, and the first knowledge the policeman had of his good fortune was when he received a letter from a San Francisco attorney. TO BAR TOWN CLOCK. Hotel Keeper Seeks Injunction Against City Timepieces. Wichita, Kan.—S. J. Smalley, proprietor of the Coronado hotel, across the street from the city hall, employed a lawyer to obtain an injunction to prevent Mayor Bentley and the commissioners from installing a clock in the city hall tower. For years citizens have petitioned administrations to beautify the unsightly boarded up tower with a clock, and the Bentley administration let a contract for a $1,500 clock. Smalley alleges that the striking of the clock will wake up his guests every hour at night, PAGE FOUE The United States Has Declared War Against Germany. (Continued from page 1.) know that it has not popular support. The armies necessary to be raised to aid the entente allies cannot be raised by voluntary enlistment." "Dogged by Secret Service." Praising the character and services of German-Americans in this country, Senator La Follette said they are being "dogged" by secret service men. He denied that any one government is responsible for the war, saying it was caused by European secret diplomacy and citing the Anglo-French Moroccan secret treaty as "the most reprehensible, dishonest and perjured of records." "England first began the ruthless naval warfare," he charged, "by repudiating the declaration of London." Senator Knox interrupted to suggest that England did not ratify the declaration. Senator La Follette replied that British representatives signed it and Senator Stone said England had not actually rejected it. "It has pleased those who have been conducting this campaign for war through the press to make a jumble of issues," Senator La Follette continued, "until now it is impossible to get an intelligent answer regarding the real issues. They say Americans are being killed by German submarines. We havent a leg to stand on in support of this war declaration." That the United States did not protest vigorously against the British mine field blockade was the administration's great mistake, Mr. La Follette said, and the real and primary cause of an American declaration. "We have wallowed in the mire at the feet of Great Britain and submitted in silence to her dictation," he continued. "Because we acquiesced, we have a legal and moral responsibility to Germany. Thus we have been actively aiding her enemy in starving German women, children, and old men. Germany waits three long months for this government to protest. In principle, therefore, Germany had the right to blindly destroy ships, by submarines and mines, in her own blockade zone. Germany is only doing what England is doing. "Germany has been patient with us, standing strictly on her rights to be accorded the same treatment as England by us." The Hon. John Sharp Williams, who represents the rotten state of Mississippi, where its best White citizens mob and lynch and burn at the stake innocent and law-abiding Colored men, women and even little children for the fun of the thing, attempted in a weak way to reply to Senator La Follette, but Senator Williams was not one, two three. There is one thing that is very pleasing, and that is that Col. Theodore Roosevelt will not be able to head a division of soldiers and rush to the war in the old world and then return home and be elected president of the United States in 1920. LAST WORDS OF PRESIDENT WASHINGTON. Peace with all the world is my sincere wish. Those murderers of our cause—the monopolizers! I require no guard but the affections of the people. True religion affords government its surest support. Few men have virtue to withstand the highest bidder. Commerce and industry are the best mines of a nation. My policy has been to cultivate peace with all the world. When we assumed the soldier we did not lay aside the citizen. Liberty, when it begins to take root, is a plant of rapid growth. The Constitution is a guide which I can never abandon. To persevere is one's duty and to be silent is the best answer to calumny. The power under the Constitution will always be with the people. I hope some day we will become a storehouse and granary for the world. To be prepared for war is one of the most effectual means of preserving peace. Why should I expect to be exempt from censure, the unfailing lot of an elevated station? We do not wish to be the only people to taste the sweets of an equal and good government. Would to God that harmony of nations were an object that lay nearest to the hearts of sovereigns. Citizens, by birth or choice, of a common country, that country has the right to concentrate your affections. That the (U. S.) government, though not actually perfect, is one of the best in the world, I have no doubt. The history of war is a history of false hopes and temporary expedients. The great Searcher of human hearts is my witness that I have no wish which aspires beyond the humble and happy lot of living and dying a private citizen on my own farm. Happy, thrice happy, shall they be pronounced, who have assisted in pro- tecting the rights of human nature and establishing an asylum for the poor and oppressed of all nations and religions. 'Tis well. (His last words.) MISS BETTIOLA HELOISE FORT- SON IS STILL CONFINED TO HEB HOME WITH ILLNESS. Miss Bettiola Heloise Fortson, who has troops of friends in this city and in many parts of the country is still confined to her home through illness at 3413 Prairie avenue. Every day her large sunny room is filled with rare and beautiful flowers, the generous contributions of some of her many friends and admirers and from morning till night, many of those who have been greatly interested in her club work and her achievement in her literary work; call to pay their respects to her, to cheer her up and to express the hope of her gradual restoration to good health; which simply indicates; that she is extremely popular with all classes. Right at this point, we desire to state that no one holds Miss Fortson in any higher esteem than the writer, for we have always regarded her, as an excellent sensible young woman, who possesses a large amount of dramatic talent and literary ability. On Tuesday afternoon election day, we called to pay our respects to her, and she was indeed very glad to greet us and she said "She wondered why we had not called to see her before, as she had been thinking about us only a few days before that time." The first part of 1914, we became greatly interested in Miss Fortson, and her literary work and in order to encourage her the best we possibly could we allowed her a small amount of money each week for contributions to this paper and when some of her so-called friends learned those things, they were loud in exclaiming; that "she was foolish for attempting to do anything to assist Julius F. Taylor, as he would not help her in the slightest degree." Shortly after that, Miss Fortson, called on us with a number of her original poems and essays and wanted to know if we could assist her to get them out in pamphlet form, as she wanted to take the pamphlets with her while attending the meeting of the National Federation of Colored Women's Clubs, at Wilberforce, Ohio, and sell them for 5 cents a piece, so as to enable her to get her little book printed, entitled "Mental Pearls." After listening to her statement as to what she wanted to do, we informed her that we could not do that, but if she would leave them with us; that we would publish them in full free of charge and send her five hundred copies of The Broad Ax containing them to Wilberforce, Ohio, also free, which she could sell and keep the money. Her poems occupied more than five columns in The Broad Ax, which gave her great prominence throughout the country. When her little book made its appearance in 1915, entitled, "Mental Pearls" she greatly appreciating what we had attempted to do for her, the name of Julius F. Taylor, editor and publisher, without any soliciting on our part appeared upon its pages. In conclusion it can be truthfully stated that not another newspaper editor or publisher in this city ever attempted to honorably and unselfishly assist Miss Fortson in the Literary world like unto the writer. THE APPOMATTOX CLUB PRO GRAM Sunday, April 8th, at 4 P. M. Club Parlors, 3441 So. Wabash Avenue. Col. J. H. Johnson, President, Beauregard F. Moseley, Chairman Civic & Public Affairs Committee. Discussion of plan to handle migrants from the South; Adoption of plan; Discussion of City Garden project; Establishment of Community Garden, at 33rd and Wabash and other places in the Second, Third and Thirtieth Wards. These meetings should be largely attended by the people living in these wards, as the public or Community Garden is the surest method of reducing the high cost of living. Maps, charts, implements used in gardening will be on exhibition and explained by competent representatives of the Garden Bureau of Chicago. This should interest every person in the community. Many Colored people each day enter Mayor Thompson's outer office in the City Hall, in which the new Garden Bureau is located and they seem to be very much interested in endeavoring to secure little garden plots for themselves this coming summer, which is the right thing for them to do. Louis B. Anderson did not go to Texas—Wm. R. Cowan did not go to the council—but both will go arm in arm to The Amateur Minstrel Show, April 9—8th Regiment Armory. President Wilson has called the State Militia. The 8th Regiment may refuse to go until after The Amateur Minstrel Show—April 9th for the benefit of Old Folks' Home. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, APRIL 7, 1917 Mr. and Mrs. Sandy W. Trice Celebrated Their Twentieth Wedding Anniversary. Well onto One Hundred and Fifty of Their Friends Were Present and Greeted Them on that Auspicious Occasion. Mrs. George T. Kersey Introduced the Guests to the Receiving Party. Many Lovely Presents Received by Them Last Thursday evening, Mr. and Mrs. Sandy W. Trice, celebrated their twentieth wedding anniversary, and their lovely and pleasant home at 6438 Eberhart avenue; was beautifully decorated for that more than auspicious occasion. New electrical fixtures had just been installed making every nook and corner of the house to appear just as light as the brightest sunshiny day. All the electric fixtures are of the very latest design. Choice and dainty refreshments were served in no unstinted manner in the dining room throughout the evening, which was also very charmingly decorated with baskets of pink roses and ferns. The receiving or reception party, was composed of Mrs. Lizzie Wilson, of Windys, Canada; Mr. and Mrs. Sandy W. Trice; Mrs. E. Laurence Smith, Chatham, Canada; Mrs. W. D. Cook, wife of the popular pastor of Bethel church, who was also present and pronounced his blessings upon Mr. and Mrs. Trice and cordially greeted each and every one whom he came in contact with. Mrs. Elenora Curtis, Mrs. J. H. Roberts, and Mrs. William Horner, Mrs. George T. Kersey, who was just as nice and pleasant as she possibly could be very gracefully introduced the guests to the receiving party and each and every one of the more than one hundred and fifty of their friends who greeted them; wished them long life and continued happiness. Mr. and Mrs. Trice, who are prominent members of Bethel Church and actively connected with some of the leading secret societies of this city are good citizens, in every sense of the word. The following are some of the many useful and beautiful presents received by them. One dozen cut glass water tumblers by the following members of Western Star Lodge: J. W. Ward, J. L. Beasley, A. J. Bowman, G. S. Price, A. M. Edwards, R. W. Lacey, S. A. Smith and J. M. Woodard; cheese and sandwich dishes, Mr. and Mrs. J. F. Taylor; celery dish, Mr. and Mrs. Wm. R. Cowan; fancy tea pot, Mr. and Mrs. Wm. Buckner, Batavia, Ill; ice cream set, Mr. and Mrs. Oscar Clements; mayonase dish, Mr. and Mrs. John B. McColl, San Jose, Cal.; fern dish, Mr. and Mrs. J. W. Samuels; Piano lamp; fancy plate, Mrs. Geo. Chandler; Japanese jardiniere, Mrs. Jones, Blair, Franklin, Weber, Belesen, St. Paul, Minn.; hand painted plate, Mr. and Mrs. B. W. Johnson; Casserole, Mrs. Hackley, Mrs. Robert Daniels; celery set, Mr. and Mrs. J. H. Russel. China—Lemonade pitcher, Mr. J. M. Washington; syrup jug, Mr. and Mrs. E. C. Lightfoot; berry set, Mr. and Mrs. Robert Daniels; cream and sugar set, Mr. and Mrs. R. A. Jackson; fruit dish, Mr. Jerry-Williams and daughter; fruit dish, Mr. and Mrs. Chas. R. Laws; Casserole, Mr. and Mrs. George M. McKinley. Aluminum cooking utensils—Mrs. Nina Tivins, Mrs. Jane Turnley, electric iron, Mr. and Mrs. W. Horner; electric iron, Mr. Silas Nevils; picture, Mrs. Beatrice Smith, Progressive Circle, Kings Daughters. SAM LANGFORD THE UNDEFEATED CHAMPION IS WILLING TO RUSH TO THE FRONT AND HELP TO FIGHT FOR UNCLE SAM Sam Langford, the undefeated champion, who conducts the Belmont Cafe, at 3035 S. State street, with George Williams as manager, who is well known to all the sporting people throughout the United States, as he always fought in the prize ring on the square, is willing to rush to the front and assist Uncle Sam to wage war against all comers. Mr. Langford, conducts a decent and orderly place and his hosts of friends are glad to see him succeed. U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR CHILDREN'S BUREAU, WASHINGTON. The Second of a Series of Weekly Articles on the Care of Young Children. FEEDING THE CHILD OF THREE. At the beginning of the third year the child's diet may be increased by adding more solid food, especially meats and vegetables. According to the U.S. Department of Agriculture every healthy child of three should have at least one food a day from each of the following five groups: Milk and dishes made chiefly of milk (most important of this group in children's diet); meat, fish, poultry, and eggs; Bread and other cereal foods; Butter and other wholesome fats; Vegetables and fruits; Simple sweets. The meats should be beef, boiled, broiled, or roasted, lamb chops, the white meat of chicken, or delicate fish. All meat should be free from fat, gristle, or bone and finely minced when given to the child. Eggs should be very soft boiled, coddled, or poached, or soft scrambled. Fried eggs should never be given to a child; but the grated or mashed yoke of a very hard boiled egg may sometimes be used. Meat broths made from mutton, beef, or chicken have little nutriment, but if these are thickened with arrowroot or corn starch, and especially if milk is added, they become a valuable food. Well-cooked vegetables, strained and added to warm milk, are not only good foods but serve to teach the child to like vegetables. Cereals should be thoroughly cooked and served with milk or thin cream and a very small amount of sugar or none. Bread for a child should be at least two days old. Toast, zwieback, or hard crackers may be given once or twice a day. Baked potatoes moistened with a little butter, thin cream, beef juice, or platter gravy may be given. Asparagus tips, spinach, stewed celery, squash, string beans, carrots, young peas, well-cooked and mashed, or put through a puree sieve, are all good for a child. A small portion of one of these vegetables may be a part of the child's dinner each day. Fruits should be continually used. At this age sweet oranges, baked apples, or stewed prunes are most useful. The juice or mashed pulp of fresh ripe pears or peaches may be given in the third year, but there is much danger in using overripe or green fruit, as well as in giving too much. It is especially necessary to be careful in hot weather when fresh fruit decays rapidly. Bananas should never be given to a young child. A child under 4 years of age should never have dried or salted meats, sausage pork, game, liver, kidney, goose, or duck. Fried and raw vegetables, hot fresh breads, cakes and pastries, salads, candy, sirups, tea, coffee, beer, cider, and soda water are all unsuitable foods for a child. FLOODED BASEMENTS. The balmy air of Spring is most welcome and everyone will be happy to enjoy the bright sunshine and the warm rains after the long, cold winter. Even now there is a freshness in the atmosphere and a warmth in the sun that makes one think of the early Spring flowers and the bright green grass. The Spring rains, however, bring to Chicago the evils and danger of flooded basements. Very few large cities are situated on so flat a plane as that which Chicago spreads over. Also it is well known that a flat country is not easily drained. The sewers are almost level and the consequence is that storm water and sewage have a slow current. Even a moderate rain soon fills the sewers and causes backing up of sewage and storm water, until basements are quite generally flooded. A thick, slimy, foul smelling residue is plastered on the walls and the floor when the water subsides, and unless it is immediately washed off, will become a source of nuisance because of the foul smells which it leaves in its wake. Now is the time to at once look to the floor drains in the basements, to see that whatever back water valves or contrivances have been provided are in working order, and if there are no such things, consult your plumber. It is a physical impossibility to keep sewage or storm water out of the average basement, unless the house drain, whether it be above or below the floor, is absolutely water tight, and unless all floor drains or other openings are properly secured by suitable valves or plugs. The average tile pipe drain cannot be depended upon to remain tight. The joints of such pipe are made up of cement mortar; they are brittle; cannot be depended upon to be tight, unless great care is taken in the installation, and very often the settling of the building or the jarring of the floor either breaks the pipe or the joints. It will be found cheaper and altogether more satisfactory to replace tile house drains with cast iron, if flooded base- ments are to be avoided, and at the same time to eliminate floor drains in basements and water closets or other low down fixtures which may be subject to overflow during a period of back water. There is an excellent opportunity for a wide awake business man to make capital out of the problem of the flooded basements in Chicago. In the meantime, before flooding occurs, it is well to place all perishable goods well above the water line, on racks or hanging tables, and to organize the household forces so that should flooding occur the cellar walls may at once be scrubbed and thoroughly cleaned, and all rags or other saturated material removed from the basement and lime used freely for disinfection. High priced property is always to be found in a clean, beautiful and well kept neighborhood. * * * In cleaning up your neighborhood don't overlook the vacant lots, which are generally the worst unsightly spots in any community. Get the boys to help; they will enjoy the fun and besides will be getting some valuable less sons in civic cleanliness. A healthful, well balanced diet calls for a liberal allowance of vegetables. This is why, both for health and economy's sake, we should plant gardens. If people all over the country will only plant gardens and not be so largely dependent on city markets for their table vegetables, not only will there be a big reduction in prices, but a correspondingly big increase in the good health and happiness of the people generally. MRS. SUSAN W. GAINES PASSES AWAY. The death of Mrs. Susan W. Gaines, the beloved wife of W. T. Gaines 5140 Wentworth avenue, was quite a shock to her relatives and many friends. Two weeks ago she complained of having a bad cold. She did not think it serious and refused to call a doctor until last Saturday. Monday she became delirious, and until she died only regained consciousness for fleeting moments. Wednesday morning Dr. Blanchard announced that all hope for recovery was gone. Wednesday at 2:30 P. M., Mrs. Gaines departed this life. Pneumonia claimed another victim. Mrs. Gaines was an earnest worker and member of the Elizabeth Elliot Circle, Maid Marian Degree, A. O. O. P. Strangers Rest Household, # 5125, G. U. O. of U. O. F., and a worker and former Vice President of The Union Charity Club. She was a faithful member of Berean Baptist Church. The life of Mrs. Gaines was one of devoted service and loving kindness to her fellow beings. She was a friend of the orphaned and friendless. Ever performing deeds of kindness to the sick and distressed. Mrs. Gaines was born in Detroit, Michigan, March 23, 1865. She leaves a mother, husband, six children, a young nephew whom she had raised from an infant, other relatives and a host of friends who mourn her loss. The funeral services was held at Breean Baptist Church, Saturday morning, Rev. Fletcher, a boyhood friend of the bereaved husband, officiated. The body was intered at Lincoln Cemetery. Relatives who came from Detroit, Michigan, and Henderson, Ky, to attend the funeral were: Mr. and Mrs. William Hunter, and son, Detroit; Mr. Andrew Hunter, and Mrs. Bryant of Detroit; and Rev. Jack Munday, of Henderson, Ky. George T. Kersey, of the Emanuel Jackson Undertaking Company, 2959 S. State street, was in charge of the funeral arrangements. "MAMMY" JACKSON LOSES IN HIGH COUET. The Illinois Supreme Court Thursday denied the petition of "Mammy" Camilla Jackson for a writ of habeas corpus bringing Marjorie Delbridge, her former ward, before the court for a hearing on the legality of the warship of Catherine Shannon. The court said the proceeding was improper and suggested that the case might be brought up on a writ of error. NEW YORK COLORED TROOPS The 15th New York Colored Infantry was inspected Saturday by its officers under the control of Col. William Hayward. The regiment is a part of the National Guard and has been accepted by the State of New York. Before it can be mustered into service, however, it must be recognized by the Federal Government. The strength of the regiment is 960 enlisted men. It is hoped that patriotism will be inspired by a speedy recognition of this regiment by the Federal authorities at Washington. Mrs. Bertha Whitefield, 4550 Champlain avenue; is full of culture and refinement and it is indeed a great pleasure to come in contact with women of her type or pattern. It can be truly said that she is a great credit to womankind. Show and Dance EASTER Monday Night, April 9th 8th Reg. Armory BENEFIT OLD FOLKS HOME BIG REAL ESTATE BARGAINS. Sacrifice—Two Flat! —Only $3,850— Biggest bargain in the City. Fine interior, new baths, good light, convenient to 35th St., Indiana surface and Devated cars—only $500 Cash down. Phone or write H. E. Evans, 517 E. St. Phone Oakland 2726. IVE AND SIX ROOM FLATS FOR SALE. For Sale - Big bargain, 5 and 6 room brick flats; all modern, 5931 and 5935 La Fayette Ave., rented to Whites at $2.00 and $2.50 a flat. Small cash payment, balance $50.00 per month, including interest. Price $5000.00, worth more. Nehf. 21 N. La Salle St. Tele- phone Franklin 3966. TO RENT. FOR RENT in new Colored district, south of 50th street. Beautiful modern early decorated, light 5 and 6 room brick flats, stove heat, large yard, con- versible to "L" and 3 surface lines. Reference required. Flats shown by appointment. Rents, $24.00 and $27.00. NEHF and NEHF, 21 N. La Salle Street. Telephone Franklin 3966. TREE STORY BRICK RESIDENCE ON LANGLEY AVENUE, NORTH OF 50TH STREET FOR SALE FOR $250.00 ON EASY PAYMENTS. Non-resident, offers for sale a three story brick residence, clear of all insurance; located on Langley avenue, north of 38th street; for $3250.00 on any payments. Rental $30 per month. If you desire a bargain, address T. L. care of this paper or phone Wentworth 257. FOR SALE FOR COLORED PEOPLE Beautiful 2 flat buildings, brick and stone, hot water and furnace heat, 5, 6 and 7 room flats. Located on the North side, in one of the best districts, only two blocks to the Wilson Ave. and Evanston “L,” and the Broadway cars. One block to beautiful Sheridan Land, 2 blocks to the new Clarendon Bathing Beach. Convenient to the theatres, nurses and churches. This neighborhood offers great opportunity for employment, many positions being open for janitors, porters, laundry work, etc. prices range from $4,600.00 to $6,000.00. small cash payments, balance like rent. For further information address—Buliss F. Taylor, 6418 Champlain Ave. Jane Wentworth 2597. CHIPS The Ladies' Minstrel are requested bringing potatoes and fresh eggs only—Easter Monday. Night—Sth Regiment army. James H. Holland, who for a long time conducted a barber shop on 51st street between State and Dearborn; only pass away at his home last week, 5548 6th avenue. Moses Miller, who was for many years in the moving and expressing business, 54th and State streets, died the first part of this week, from heart failure. it is reported that either Attorney George W. Ellis or Col. R. S. Abbott, will succeed Alderman elect Louis B. Anderson as Assistant Corporation counsel of Chicago. Mr. and Mrs. H. B. Gaines and Mrs. Rannie Clark, mother of Mrs. Gaines, gave removed from 6155 Wentworth avenue, into a three flat building belonging to Mr. Gaines, at 5827 Wentworth avenue. Madam Rosalie Tyler, 3415 Prairie avenue; very beautifully sang the "Palms" at Institutional Church last Sunday morning and this coming Sunday morning she will sing at the Easter services, at the Hermon Baptist Church. Miss Helen Hagan, the noted pianist, who has in the past pursued her studies abroad and who resides in New Haven, Conn., who has been giving concerts or recitals in several parts of this section of the West; is in the city and for the next week she will be the honored guest of Dr. and Mrs. M. O. Bousfield, of Evans avenue and 46th street. Hannibal Lodge, No. 6, Knights of Pythias, will celebrate its 25th anniversary at Masonic Hall, 3956 State street, Tuesday evening, April 17. There will be a reception and banquet and speech making on the part of many of its charter members and honored guests. Frank B. Waring, G. K. of R. and R. and S. will be the high priest in charge of the ceremonies. Capt. Benjamin O. Davis, who has for some time been in charge of the Military Training Academy or school, at Wilberforce, Ohio, has been in the city the past week, visiting among many of his old friends. Miss Nellie Callaway, 3300 Rhodes avenue and her sister Madam M. Callaway Byron, being numbered among them. Capt. Davis has been ordered to join the United States Cavalry, which is now located in the Philippine Islands and he will soon be on his way to that section of the United States. Mrs. Elizabeth L. Davis, 3226 Prairie avenue, has returned to the city, from Peoria, Ill., where she attended the seventy-first anniversary of the founding of the Ward A. M. E. Chapel, in that city. Mrs. Davis was royally received and entertained by those who knew her both White and Colored in her girlhood days. She attended the Civic Federation of Woman's Clubs, composed of its best White citizens, who have been interested in assisting to establish the Booker T. Washington Social Center, corner 4th and Main street in that city and the large building has been fitted up in every way, as a modern social center establishment for the benefit of the Colored people arriving in that city from the Southern states. Rev. and Mrs. Curtwright, are in charge of the social center work. Life of a Battleship We are continually reading in the newspapers that various battleships have been completed, launched and for how long they have been commissioned. There are probably few people, however, who know how long a battleship lasts. The average life of a modern battleship is about fifteen years. In the old days a battleship was on active service nearly the whole time of its commission, which was about a hundred years. The Victory was forty years old when she fought at Trafalgar, and the Royal William, which was built in 1670, was not "scrapped" until 1818.—London Mall. Squaba. A squab grows enormously the first twelve hours and still more rapidly after the third day. Squabs are at first sparsely covered with long filaments of down, the root of each filament indicating the point from which each future feather is to start. The down for awhile still hangs on the tips of some of the feathers during their growth and is thought by some to be finally absorbed into the shaft of the growing feather. The Wrong Word "Oh, come! Stop borrowing trouble." "Borrowing! Gee whiz, man, trouble isn't like money! When I borrow money I can forget about it right away." -Boston Transcript. His Grouchy Opinion Cleaning the Teeth. A clean tooth never decays. The best way to clean the teeth is to place the bristles of the brush firmly against the teeth and with a rotary or scrubbing motion go up and down the surface of the upper and lower teeth both inside and out and up on the gums. Go also behind the teeth. After seeing that every bit of the surface of the teeth has been cleaned in this way rinse the mouth thoroughly, forcing the water between the teeth several times to loosen any food particles. Do this more than once and always spit it out. To keep the teeth as clean as they should be kept in order to preserve them and prevent decay it is necessary to wash them after each meal so as to remove all food particles. They should also be washed the first thing in the morning and the last thing at night. It is well to have more than one brush on hand at a time, so that it will never be necessary to use a wet, flimp brush. ```markdown ``` THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, APRIL 7, 1917. U HON. WOODROW WILSON. President of the United States, Commander and Chief of the Army and the Navy; who feels dead sure that this country can successfully assist the Allies to overcome the German Empire. The first American war, that of the Revolution, dated from April 19, 1775, to April 11, 1783, a period of eight years; the northwestern Indian wars, from Sept. 19, 1790, to Aug. 3, 1795; the war with France, from July 9, 1798, to Sept. 30, 1800; the war with Tripoli, from June 10, 1801, to June 4, 1805; the Creek Indian war, from July 27, 1813, to Aug. 9, 1814; the war of 1812 with Great Britain, from June 18, 1812, to Feb. 17, 1815; the Seminole Indian war, from Nov. 20, 1817, to Oct. 21, 1818; the Black Hawk Indian war, from April 21, 1831, to Sept. 30, 1832; the Cherokee disturbance or removal, from 1836 to 1837; Creek Indian war or disturbance, from May 5, 1836, to Sept. 30, 1837; the Florida Indian war, from Dec. 23, 1835, to Aug. 14, 1843; Aroostock disturbance, 1836 to 1839; the war with Mexico, April 24, 1846, to July 4, 1848; the Apache, Navajo and Utah war, from 1849 to 1855; the Seminole war, from 1856 to 1858; the war between the states, from 1861 to 1865; the Spanish-American war, April 21, 1898, to Aug. 12, 1898, and the Philippine insurrection, from 1899 to 1900. The British Manicure Lady. "In English barber shops you do not have to pay for mirrors, elaborately tiled floors and a manicure girl," writes Homer Croy in Everybody's. "Over there a manicurist is considered the last vocable in the way of smartness. The manicure girl hasn't the run of the shop there as she has here. She has a little cage down in one corner, where she is bottled up as if she were a rare liquid. When a man wants to have any light housework done on his hands he thrusts one of them through the bars, while the proprietor hurries up with a newspaper for him to read. In America we would be insulted if the owner of the shop put something into our hands to read while the manicure girl was working on us. In England the art of jollying the manicurist is unknown." The American Society For Thrift is sounding a warning that should not go unheeded. The statistics it has gathered indicate how reckless we are with our money and how little we lay up for a rainy day. We are pre-eminently a nation of spenders who believe in living while we live. Statistics show that ninety-five of every hundred Americans who reach the age of sixty are dependent upon their daily earnings or on others for support. The total, of course, includes wives, mothers and daughters who had not tried nor expected to accumulate a competency. But after they are eliminated the percentage of workers who have a nest egg at sixty is very small, even if that is generally considered too young for retirement. Woman and Electricity Woman and Electricity. When a woman is sulky and will not speak—exciter. If she gets too excited—controller. If she talks too long—interrupter. If her way of thinking is not yours—converter. If she is willing to meet you halfway—meter. If she will meet you all the way—receiver. If she wants to go farther—conductor. If she would go still farther—dispatcher. If she wants chocolate—feeder.—Exchange. Taxation through the use of stamps is nearly 300 years old. The states general of the Netherlands offered a reward for the invention of a new tax, and some person in 1624 suggested that stamps be required on legal documents. England first used stamp taxes in 1694, the United States in 1797.—New York Sun. Room For Thrift Stamp Taxes. mander and Chief of the Army and the this country can successfully assist the empire. His First Golf Play. H. Chandler Egan's first golf was played on a three hole course in a pasture back of his father's house, at Highland Park, Ill. The former champion and his brother laid out the links, then invited their cousin, Walter, to teach them the game. The latter teeing up a ball on the first, hit it straight down to the broomstick which served as a flag pole. The ball bounced along the uneven green and disappeared in the hole. Turning to his astonished gallery, he remarked: "There, you see, it is very simple. That is the way you do it." Chandler Egan tried, but didn't succeed, and although he won the amateur title twice, he claims he was never able to equal the wonderful drive his cousin made that day.—Golfers' Magazine Artificial eyes of rubber are taking the place of the old style glass optic in Europe. The rubber eyes have the advantage of being unbreakable, and as they are of pneumatic construction they maintain an elastic contact between the eyelids and the back of the orbitary cavity. To make the new rubber product a cast formed of liquid plaster is made of the orbitary cavity, and from this is constructed an eyeball, the face being of vulcanite. The front and back parts are made of soft rubber, there being a space between the two parts which is occupied by air, making the eyes pneumatic—Popular Science Monthly. A Motorcar Race In 1895. In 1895 a few enthusiastic "horseless carriage" manufacturers decided that the time was ripe for a race. As we look back at it now the contest was a mechanical jest. The vehicles started bravely and then stopped lamely while their drivers made repairs. One inventor followed his mechanical wonder with a team of horses. The winner of the race had averaged the mad speed of seven and one-half miles an hour. His engine, carefully tested after the feverish contest was over, was found to develop an amazing four horsepower. —Waldemar Kaempffert in Harper's Magazine. Football and Matrimony "Well, I wish him luck," said Mr. Jones after reading in the paper an account of the wedding of a popular member of a college football team. "But," he added in a ruminating tone, "marriage is very much like football." "Don't talk so ridiculous!" snapped Mrs. Jones. "How can you compare football to marriage?" "Why," replied Jones, "it looks so easy to those who haven't tried it." "You claim to have loved and lost." "Yes." "Yet you go around with a perpetual grin on your face. When you have loved and lost, deference to the lady makes it proper not to appear to be too cheerful a loser."—Louisville Courier-Journal. In the prehistoric days of the American continent the Indians called what is now Ellis island, the immigrant station in New York harbor, Kliosk, which in English meant Gull island. The tribes thereabout had some strange traditions about it. "In my time," declared grandma, "girls were more modest." "I know," said the flippant girl. "It was a rad once. We may get back to it"—Life. Nothing can be lasting when reason does not rule.—Quintus Curtius Rufus. Hie First Golf Play Exes of Rubber Should Dissemble Ellis Island. Around the Circle Talks on HEALTH, CLEANLINESS, PROPER LIVING, SANITATION, ETC. Dr. W. A. Driver 3300 So. State Street Phone Douglas 3617 SOCIAL DISEASES. There are three distinct forms of sexual disorders known collectively as social diseases. The most common of the three is called gonorrhea, a name derived from a word of Greek origin, gonococcus, a certain germ, and rheo, to flow. The gonococcus always causes the disease but it must be borne in mind that there is a disease resembling gonorrhea that is called a non-gonorrheal or a simple urethritis. It is less frequently observed. That gonorrhea is positively caused by the gonococcus has been known for a number of years by the world of science. It has been produced experimentally by the introduction of pus that contained the germ. History shows that Neisser, in 1879, found the germ in secretions from the eyes of certain new born infants and in secretions from the genito-urinary tract of patients infected by a gonorrheal infection. Since that time there has been no doubt of the causative micro-organism in the minds of physicians. The germ is easily found by proper methods which involve the use of the microscope. Most cases of blindness occurring in babyhood is due to the above named A Wonderful Aboriginal City. A Wonderful Aboriginal City. Near Laguna, N. M., may be seen Acoma, the "sky city," claimed to be the most wonderful aboriginal city in the world. It stands on an isolated rock eminence 400 feet in height. The city embraces three rows of houses over a thousand feet in length, rising up in terraces four and five stories. One is amazed when he stops to consider that the material for these buildings were transported long distances and up the cliffs upon the heads and backs of these human burden bearers. Their graveyard consumed forty years in building by reason of the necessity of bringing earth from the plain below, and their church must have cost the labor of many generations, for its walls are sixty feet high and ten feet thick, and it has timbers forty feet long and fourteen inches square.—Exchange. A Story of Longfellow. In Longfellow's journal, in which he chronicled daily things that came under his observation, he notes that upon a certain occasion he attended a church where the minister took as his subject "Progress." He was very flattered when the latter quoted about half of the "Psalm of Life." After repeating the minister said, "I could never read that poem without feeling the inspiration with which it was written." To this incident Longfellow adds: "But I had the conceit taken out of me on the evening of that day, when I happened to meet a lady at Prescott's and in our conversation she referred to the sermon in the morning and added, 'He quoted some beautiful verses, but nobody knew whence came the quotations.'" We, the People. Estimating the world's population as 1,600,000,000, the whole human race at present living could stand comfortably shoulder to shoulder in an area of 500 square miles. Taking the number of generations in the past 6,000 years as 200, the room taken up by them all on the above plan would be less than the area of the state of Colorado. To bury all the people on earth would need a graveyard little larger than that area. What Is a Hawaiian? A correspondent inquires whether it is proper to speak of a Hawaiian as a "Kanaka." The term is masculine. A "Kanaka" is a male Hawaiian. A "wahine" is an unmarried Hawaiian woman. A "wahinemare" is a married Hawaiian woman. These definitions are from the Hawaiian dictionary.—Bellingham American Review Inherited, as It Were: Professor—Yes, sir, your daughter is pretty well grounded in French, but it will, of course, take some time and trouble for her to acquire fluency. Father—Well, you know, that's rather strange to me. I had an idea that the fluency would have come sort of natural to her—Exchange. Explained the Matter- Papa—I'm surprised that you are at the foot of your class, Tommy. Why aren't you at the head sometimes, like little Willie Bigbee? Tommy—You see, papa, Willie's got an awful smart father, and I guess he takes after him. —London Telegraph. PAGE FIVE [Name] cause and its psychological antecedent. It is always best to have proper concern for the supermaterial causation. It is imperative that the eyes of the newly born be treated at birth to prevent infants "sore eyes," known to science as ophthalmia neonatorum, a sequel of genito-urinary gonorrhea. This is one of the many manifestations of the commonest social disease. Too much emphasis cannot be put upon the necessity of medicinal treatment of the eyes of every infant at birth. Medical science holds the opinion that no excuse should be accepted for failure to observe the foregoing. It is not a matter of consideration of reputation nor of character of parents but it is the law of science that MUST be obeyed. Much socalled rheumatism is the continuation of the undermining of the system that is a "blind" form of social diseases. They are what is known as Gonorrheal rheumatism and syphilitic rheumatism, remote effects of social diseases as are locomotor ataxia, certain gummatous tumors, some forms of heart disease and other functional and organic maladies. A little reflection will reveal the folly of regarding the social diseases as of trifling import, as some say, that will "wear off." Those social diseases ultimately kill many. PUTTING BUSINESS RIGHT WITH THE PUBLIC. PUTTING BUSINESS RIGHT WITH THE PUBLIC. A few years ago some big industrial organizations and certain railroads employed business tactics which, according to the popular idea, would make the financial adventures of Pizarro, Morgan or Captain Kidd look as amateurish as the verbal exploits of Bobby Make-Belleve. All are more or less acquainted with the details. We will concede that there were some glaring abuses, but the public when it came to apply a remedy ignored the fact that these were peculiar to comparatively few institutions and instead of tackling the trouble where it lay furiously assailed everything classifiable as business—the trust magnate, the independent manufacturer ready and anxious to obey the law, the small retailer, a law abiding and useful citizen—the innocent and the guilty suffering alike. Seemingly the law was invoked not to regulate, but to persecute. There could be but one result. Business was demoralized, and the whole country has felt the evil effects. Now the public is beginning to realize its error and in a rather grudging way is making some concessions. Business is being permitted to speak for itself, and a movement has been instituted by the leading business men of the country under the title of the National Industrial Conservation Movement for the purpose of repairing the damage that has been done. Nothing revolutionary is contemplated. The plan is simply to educate the public by taking it into the business man's confidence. Meetings will be held in various trade and industrial centers. All classes of citizens will be invited. The purpose of these meetings is to give the public a new and correct viewpoint as to the effects of drastic legislation and restriction of business on the prosperity of the country. Every effort will be made to give the public a clear view of the problems and difficulties which beset business. Special favors are not sought through these meetings, only fair play. It is believed that once the citizen grasps the situation his whole attitude toward business will change and that he will readily co-operate toward bringing about better conditions. Commercial and other civic organizations and the local press are already showing great interest in this movement, and it is reasonable to believe that much good will come from it—Industrial Conservation, N. Y. Common Capitalists Every man or woman who possesses a dollar or owns a set of tools is a capitalist. People generally make the mistake of thinking that the only form of capital in existence is the national currency—the dollar, franc, ruble, mark, lire or pound sterling. Yet everybody knows that many a successful business man's only original capital was brains, knowledge, ability, determination or ingenuity. It would be well for more people to recognize this trulism before abetting, either by action or attitude, ceaseless efforts on the part of some political or other self seekers, to hobble business men and industrial development. Such is the spirit of industrial patriotism which is needed in America.—Industrial Conservation, New York. BAUG OLA THE BROAD AX Published Weekly In this city since July 15th, 1890, without missing one single issue, Republicans, Democrats, Catholics, Protestants, single Taxen, Priests, infidels or anyone else can have their say as long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in advance. One Year.....$2.00 Six Months.....1.00 Advertising rates made known on application. Address all communications to THE BROAD AX 6418 Champlain Ave., Chicago, Ill. PHONE WENTWORTH 2807. JULIUS P. TAYLOR, Editor and Publisher. Entered as Second-Class Matter Aug 19, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago Illinois, under Act of March 3, 1879. with the British Armies in France, via London.—One of the most thrilling flying episodes of the war was recorded when the British observer in a two seated machine which had been damaged by German shell fire climbed out on one of the wings and steadied the airplane while the pilot brought it safely to earth. Two young aviators were leading an offensive patrol when an anti-aircraft high explosive shell burst just behind the right lower wing of the airplane. The machine was completely riddled. Three of the stay booms were cut, one blade of the propeller was blown away and all the controls except the elevator were put out of action. The machine was further smashed by the broken propeller blade and became uncontrollable. Realizing the situation, the observer did not hesitate, but climbed out three-quarters of the way on the right wing tip in order to balance the machine. The air craft continued to fall in spirals, however, until it was about 2,000 feet above the earth. Here the observer succeeded in balancing it, and the machine glided down evenly. When about 200 feet from the earth a slight movement by the man on the wing caused the machine to spin again, but the pilot was able to control it when just ten feet above the ground, and the air craft landed with neither man infured. PLANS FOR TRAINING EASTERN CITIZENS Plattsburg to Have Four Camps. Others at Portland and at Plum Island. New York—Major General Wood, commander of the department of the east, announces that training camps for civilians in the department will be held this summer at Plattsburg, Plum Island and Portland. The Plattsburg camp will be for the senior division and the other two for the junior division. The senior camp contemplated at Fort Oglethorpe, Ga., is still under consideration. There will be four camps at Plattsburg—June 2 to July 1, July 7 to Aug. 5, Aug. 11 to Sept. 9 and Sept. 15 to Oct. 14. Men between eighteen and forty-five are eligible. Applicants from forty-five to fifty-five must obtain special permits to attend and do so at their own expense. The junior division for boys from fifteen to eighteen will hold two camps at Fort Terry. They will be from June 30 to July 29 and from Aug. 2 to Aug. 30. Two camps will also be held at Portland for the same periods. Plans are being made for a camp for negroes on Plattsburg lines. If 200 possessing the necessary qualifications apply for membership it is intended to begin instruction in June under the direction of regular army officers, assisted probably by noncommissioned officers from the crack negro regiments in the service. WOMEN CROSS HUDSON ON ICE Pive From Highland Falls Make Perilous Trip In Safety. Albany, N. Y.-On a dare five young women, including Miss May Strebbling of Highland Falls, safely walked across the ice on the Hudson river recently, they jubilantly reported, from Highland Falls to Manitou, Putnam county. Although the ice could be heard cracking and rumbling in places, they hurried across safely. Few men have crossed the river south of Newburgh this winter on the ice, and no such ventures have been made by women. With Miss Strebbling on the risky trip were Miss Nora Connors, Miss Annie O'Mallay, Miss May Fuller and Mrs. Mary Cook of Highland Falls. Madrid is not a city of great antiquity. Many efforts, it is true, have been made to trace its history back into classical times and even beyond, but the first authentic mention of the town occurs in the Arab chronicles, and this does not carry one back farther than the first half of the tenth century. The place was, of course, occupied by the Moors when they were the dominant power of Spain, but was finally taken from them by Alfonso VI. in 1083. Henry IV, used it as a hunting seat, but it did not attain any importance until the reign of Charles V., who made it a place of residence and was wont to visit it occasionally. It was in the reign of Philip II, that at last it attained to the dignity of a capital city. He created it his capital and unica corte, or only court, in 1500, and it has remained the capital of Spain ever since in spite of occasional efforts on the part of sundry kings to transfer the government to Valladolid and Seville—National Geographic Society Bulletin. Her "Hope Box." Miss Helen, the daughter of the family in which jet black Marla Jackson occasionally worked by the day, had been given a beautiful cup and saucer of rare china. She showed it to Maria and said: "I mean to put it away in my hope box. You know what that is, Aunt Maria? It's the box a girl puts things into in the hope that she will some day need them as a bride." "Lawzy, chile, I knows all about dem hope boxes. I got one of my own, chile." "Why, I thought you were already married." "I is, chile, an' my hope box is one I is puttin' money into as' as I kin until I has enough to pay fo' a divorcement from Pete Jackson. More'n one kind of hope box is mixed up with matrimony, Miss Helen." — New York Times. Easy Jail Methods The greatest lenency is shown to criminals in New Zealand. Thus in one jail at the end of the South island a prisoner may keep a race horse and is permitted to transact business concerning it. In the same jail well behaved prisoners are allowed an afternoon out occasionally. Prison authorities in New Zealand are believers in the moral effects of open air. In one of their institutions the newly arrived misdeemanant is allowed the choice of living in jail or outside it, tents being erected at the back. This system of sending people to jail by letting them live outside has, however, its disadvantages. In one case the "prisoners," resenting harsh treatment in the way of a "lockout," lifted up the "jail" and deposited it far away in the bush. Kilted Troops. The Greek kilted troops, the Evzones, bear a variant of a name which was given to troops in the days of ancient Greece. Euzonol, meaning well girdled and so girt up for exercise as kilted men are, were light troops or even the heavily armed hospital, but without their weight shields. At first, however, the term, as in Homer, was used only regarding women, the "zone" being the lower girdle worn by them about the waist, but by an easy and natural transition this came to mean a man's belt. Then, as the belt supported the short skirts, kilted men were called well belted. Use of Gas. It is now a hundred years since gas was first used for illumination in this country, and this is supposed to be "the age of electricity," yet the amount of gas consumed is still increasing. There has indeed been a falling off in the amount used for lighting, but a great gain in the amount used for fuel. This is not only the age of electricity, but also the age of the gas burning cook house. Signs of Reform. "Is Binks as close fisted as he used to be?" "Oh, no. Coming down to business in the morning he frequently buys a newspaper instead of trying to read that of the man in the next seat."—Richmond Times Dispatch. So He Forged. Judge—How came a man of your ability to stand here convicted of forgery? Prisoner—It is all owing to my taking good advice, your honor. When I left school my teacher told me with my talents to go on and forge ahead.—Baltimore American. Mitigating Circumstances. "How did her friend break it to her gently that she had suddenly become a widow?" "Told the dear creature she looked so stunning in mourning that it was lucky she had a chance to wear it."—Exchange. Right Up to the Minute Methods. "Is this an up to date city?" "Very. Whenever we have an important place to fill we always go out of town to get the man for the job."—Detroit Free Press. How to Smile All Day. "Keep a smile on your face till 10 o'clock and it will stay there all day." says Douglas Fairbanks in the Woman's Home Companion. In College Towns "What is the rent of your room, Henry? I suppose they ask a lot for it." "Yes, all the time."—Harvard Lampoon. Justice without wisdom is impossible—Froude. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, APRIL 7, 1917. SEEK MANY GIRLS Thirty-five Hundred Disappear Yearly In New York. ONE-HALF SEEM TO VANISH. Recent Search For Ruth Cruger Recalls Case of Dorothy Arnold and Others Police Assign Among Reasons Family Troubles, Failure at Business, Disappointed Love. New York.—B-z-z-z-z. It's the telephone on the lieutenant's desk at police headquarters. "Hello, _____" "_____ is missing." The lieutenant jots down a few words, the description is flashed to every detective headquarters, and the search for "another missing person" is on. Ruth Cruler, pretty high school girl, was sought by the police. Leaving her home, happy and contented, she was swallowed up in the swirl of the great city and no clews to her whereabouts had been unearthed. Because her family is of prominence and because of her father's insistence the case was widely discussed and given much publicity, but the case of Ruth Cruler was only one of hundreds. Every year there are 3,500 missing persons in New York, according to police estimates. Most of the missing persons are girls—pretty, happy girls, youthful and of good home training. They are swallowed in the highways and byways of the mammoth city. Most of them never return, and the public hears of the disappearance of but very few. Dorothy Arnold went shopping on Fifth avenue one afternoon in 1910. No one saw her leave a certain shop she entered, and the four corners of the globe have been searched for her. They still seek her. Ruth Wheeler needed a job, and she answered an advertisement. Her battered little body was found days later, and a ne'er do well, Wolter, was later put to death for her murder. The hacked up body of Anna Aumuler was found in the river. Hundreds of anxious mothers and fathers viewed her body, believing it might be their daughter. Her slayer was also executed. These are but a few of the hundreds of missing. Why missing? Police answer-white slavery, lack of courage to face disgrace, failure at business, family troubles, broken faith, disappointed love, wanderlust and the lure of adventure. Do they come back? Police say of the 3,500 or more who disappear each year perhaps a little more than half return or are found. The other half? They seem to vanish. The telephone bell of the lieutenant's desk at police headquarters buzzes—another addition to the hundreds of missing. PITCAIRN ISLAND MAIL First Dispatch From United States by Steamship Australplain. Washington.—For the first time since its colonization in 1789 by mutineers of the British warship Bounty and Tahitian women Pitcairn island, a dot in the Pacific about midway between Panama and New Zealand, is to receive mail from the United States. The historic event is announced in the usual dry, formal mail notice as follows: "Postmaster Morgan advises that the steamship Australplain will sail from New York on or about March 15, 1917, via the Panama canal for Pitcairn island, being due to arrive there within twenty-five days of the date of sailing. He issues this notice in order that the patrons of the postal service may take advantage of this unusual opportunity for the expeditious dispatch of mail for the place named." It is not likely that the mall to Pitcairn island will be a heavy one, since only one Pitcairn islander, Miss Emily McCoy, has ever visited the United States to make friends here. Miss McCoy left the island about fifteen years ago to study nursing. Probably she will be the only person in the United States to whom the mall service to Pitcairn island will be of interest. There are about 170 men, women and children on the island. INDIANS FORCED TO WED. Young Chippewas Rush to Judge to Avoid Arrest. Deer River, Minn.—This village was visited by a large delegation of young Chippewas Indians from the Bowstring country, who came to be married by Justice Cahill, in accordance with the ruling he made that he would give them a week in which to get married subsequent to many arrests by the sheriff of itasca county on complaint of the Indian agent at Bena. It is not the intention of the department, it is said, to interfere with the marital rights of the older natives who married years ago under tribal laws, but it is the younger members and in most cases the well-educated ones, some of whom have college educations, the department officers are watching. Twins Run In the Family. Evanville, Ind.-The sixteenth birthday of Elsie and Ethel Brady, who are the second of three pairs of twins in one family, was celebrated at their home at 1 Randall street. The mother of the girls is a twin sister of Mrs. Isora Young of Rockport. The younger sisters of Mrs. Brady are the third twina. $500,000 HOSPITAL IN TOKYO. Japanese Contribute $75,000 to New Mission Structure. Tokyo.—Announcement is made that the fund of $500,000 for the construction in Tokyo of the new St. Luke's International hospital has been completed at a luncheon given by the Japanese advisory council. The Japanese contributed $75,000, including $25,000 from Emperor Yoshihito. The remainder has been either contributed or pledged in the United States. The proposed hospital will replace the present St. Luke's hospital, which was founded by the American Episcopal mission many years ago and which has achieved a reputation throughout the far east. Dr. R. B. Teusler, its present director, will have charge of the enlarged institution, work upon which will be started as soon as a proper site is decided upon. The hospital will be international in scope. It is hoped later to add a training department for doctors and for nurses, and to that end an effort will be made to secure further assistance in the United States. The proposed hospital will probably be the most complete modern medical institution in the far east. HOLD AN ODD FUNERAL Salvation Army Takes Charge of Obsequies For Victim of Diphtheria. Chicago.—A band of Salvation Army workers stood in the alley in the rear of a dilapidated house in the slums and sing "Lead, Kindly Light," "Nearer, by God, to Thee" and then knelt in the mud while the adjutant offered a prayer. Face pressed against the dingy window, stood a blind man and a tearful woman. As the prayer ended the basement door opened and a little white casket was quickly carried out, placed in a hearse and hurried away, unescorted, to a cemetery. Such was the unusual funeral accorded Josephine Tomaszewski, sixdiphtheria victim. Her parents' home was quarantined because her two little sisters and one brother were ill from the same disease. The mother insisted upon a funeral ceremony for Josephine, and the Salvation Army hit upon holding it in the alley as the way of overcoming orders of the board of health against entering the house. BULING FAVORS TEACHERS. Justice Levy Sets Basis of Pay "Docking" For Absence. New York.—Schoolteachers absent from work in the past have been "docked" one-twenty-fifth of a month's pay for each day lost. Justice Aaron J. Levy of the municipal court ruled that the proper basis is to deduct 1-365 of a year's pay for each day's absence. His decision was returned in the case of Mary A. Broughton, teacher in public school 198, who lost eleven days' work because of illness in October, 1915. The decision also holds the signing of a receipt for pay "in full" is no bar to action for recovery. The battle is an old one which the teachers and principals have been waging against the board of education. Years ago they were "docked" only one-thirtieth of a month's pay for each day lost. William G. Willecox, president of the board, pointed out that under the Levy ruling the teacher could be absent 190 days, a full school year, and still demand almost half a year's pay. PHONES FUNERAL SERMON. Preached at Long Distance Because Storm Held Up Railways. Fond du Lac, Wis. — A funeral by long distance telephone was conducted the other day when the body of the Rev. Frank Millar of Oakfield was sent to its last resting place through the drifts about the village where Mr. Millar had been a pastor. The storms tied up all railroads leading to Oakfield from here, a branch line of a few miles in length, and with the main line in trouble no effort was made to resume traffic. The country roads were also drifted so deep that the village and countryside adjoining had been isolated for half a month. The Rev. Robert S. Ingraham of this city was to conduct the services over the body of his Methodist colleague, Ingraham being the district superintendent. Trying to reach Oakfield by road, he was stalled and worked his way back to the nearest farmhouse, where he arranged to read the service by wire. A listener at the Millar home took his words and repeated them to the mourners. RICHEST VILLAGE TO BE CITY. Glen Cove, N. V., Votes to Incorporate In the Third Class. New York.—First steps toward the incorporation of the richest little city in the United States were taken when residents of Glen Cove, N. Y., in a test voted to incorporate the village as a third class city. The vote was more than two to one in favor of incorporation, which will include a population of 10,000. Glen Cove is considered the largest millionaire colony in Long Island. Among its residents are J. P. Morgan. J. T. Pratt, H. L. Pratt, G. D. Pratt, Captain J. R. De Lamar, Percy Chubb, H. W. Maxwell, Edward L. Young, Justice Townsend Scudder, F. W. Woolworth and Harvey S. Ladew. $50,000 For Two Daughters Greensburg, Ind.-Issaac Sefton, one of Decatur county's wealthiest residents, presented each of his two daughters with valuable farm land as gifts. The gifts comprise 461 acres of land that is sold to be valued at $50,000. Doing it the Right Way. For every right way to do a thing there are ninety-nine wrong ways. Take the apparently single matter of loading sugar in cars or putting it in storage houses. The difference between any one of the ninety-nine wrong ways and the one right way is a sufficient reason for the world's biggest sugar company to issue a book about it. An amateur wouldn't dream there could be so much science in rolling 150 barrels of sugar in a box car. But this little book, filled with diagrams, is a school of instruction for all employees. There they learn to do it the right way and to avoid the ninety-nine wrong ones. The fellow who learns to load sugar the right way soon finds out that the thing contains higher mathematics, chemistry and finance. The American people eat just about their own weight in sugar in a year, and even the tiniest saving on each pound achieved by this scientific handling is quite enough to pay all salaries and leave a snug margin to boot. Gilard in Philadelphia Ledger. Paper From Wood Pulp. The idea of making paper from wood originated in Germany in the early forties with Gottfried Keller, tradition having it that he in turn received his inspiration from a wasp's nest. Keller collaborated with a manufacturer of machinery, Heinrich Voelter, in whose name the patents were executed. It was not until 1866 that the possibilities of this invention in this country were recognized, when Albrecht and Rudolf Pagenstecher induced their cousin, Alberto Pagenstecher, to build a mill in this country and financed the purchase of machinery and the building of a mill. The choice of location fell to Curtisville, now Interlaken, Mass., where the outlet of Stockbridge bowl seemed to supply an adequate amount of power. The mill was built and on March 5, 1867, the first ground wood pulp was produced.—New York Globe. A Nation With No Language. The Swiss alone, of all the peoples of the world, may in a sense be said to possess no language, a fact that is the more surprising when we consider that there is no people showing a more intense patriotism. The official languages of the little republic are French and German. The public documents are published in these tongues, both of which are spoken by many Swiss. Roughly speaking, however, about 75 per cent of the population speak German, while the remainder divide four other languages among them, mainly French and Italian. These tongues vary, as a rule, according to the proximity of the people to the country whose language they speak. In the Swiss parliament members deliver their speeches either in French or German, for nearly all the members understand both tongues. When "Old Women" Abounded. In the eighteenth century women soon grew old, says an English writer. At the age of twenty-nine Marie Antoinette, the wife of Louis XVI, gravely discussed the question with her modiste, Rose Bertin. She would soon be thirty. Her idea was to change her manner of dress, which inclined too much to that of extreme youth. In consequence she should wear no more flowers or feathers. The glorious Georgiana, the duchess of Devonshire, complained to the French ambassador that she was already seven and twenty years old. "Consider," said the glorious one, "what an age that is!" to which the ungaillant ambassador replied that "In France at seven and twenty a woman was considered elderly." Homemade Cold Cream Here is the recipe for a homemade cold cream, the kind always used by the famous Lillian Russell: Pure lanolin, four ounces; sweet almond oil, four ounces; spermaceti, one-half ounce; white wax, one-half ounce; orange flower water, two ounces; tincture of benzoin, forty drops. Melt spermaceti and white wax in an enamel vessel, add almond oil, then lanolin. Beat constantly and add orange flower water little at a time; lastly, the benzoin, drop at a time. Beat hard till all is consistency of a light cream. Making the Best of It "What would you do if a situation arose which compelled you to fire a gun?" "I'd be nervous," confessed Mr. Bilgings, "and yet I'd be exceedingly thankful I was the man with the gun and not an innocent bystander."—Washington Star. Reversed. "Did you read about the man who spent twenty years in jail?" "What about him?" "I see he has had his case reopened and his sentence reversed." "I suppose that gives him back those twenty years, eh?"—Louisville Courier Journal. Restful. Laura—Alice Flitter is such a restful friend. Charles—Restful? She talks all the time. Laura—That's it. I never have to think about what to say when I'm with her. Fuller's Earth Fuller's earth is now used in bleaching, clarifying or filtering vats and rarely for filling cloth, the purpose for which it was employed originally. A man must be well off who is irritated by trifles, for in misfortune trifles are not felt.—Schopenhauer. C. H. Livingstone Says Half Million Are Available For Various Duties. Washington.—In the Boy Scouts of America the country has a well trained "peace army" of 202,000, backed by reserves of 350,000 "veterans" the officer well qualified to take the place of police in guard duty, to give aid" and to do the work of older men in many things, and the latter particularly well qualified to serve their country in any capacity required of a citizen, according to Colin H. Livingstone, president of the national council of the Boy Scouts of America. "The Boy Scouts of America is not a military organization," said Mr. Livingstone. "Primarily its aim is character building and citizen making. Our boys get an outdoor training, and with them it is a case of playing older in the field and camp, getting a handy training for the duties of citizenship, building up health and mind." "I told the boy scouts of Buffalo recently that they were part of a militia of service. In the event of war they will perform all the services that normally be expected of them. For instance, they will be able to relieve the police of guard duty over works, reservoirs, public buildings, bridges, and so on. They will help after families whose heads have gone to war and help relieve any suffering." "If War Comes" is the heading under which the New York Medical Journal says editorially: "Modern warfare demands the complete mobilization of every resource of the countries involved. Defeat is the price paid for unpreparedness, and the conquered pays the bills for both sides. Therefore it pays to be prepared. Every war in which the United States has taken part has accentuated the necessity for and the deplorable lack of preliminary preparation. "Surgice General Lovell in his report for the year 1817 says of the war of 1812: 'There could be little doubt that where one man had died from improper medical treatment that had been destroyed from want of a knowledge of the many duties pertaining to an army surgeon.' The same comment could have been made at the close of the civil war and of the war with Spain. "In no direction is preparedness an important than in the medical departments of the army and the navy. The public and a large part of the medical profession erroneously assume that he cause a man is a qualified medical practitioner or surgeon he will therefore make an efficient medical officer. This is not true. The military surgeon is much more than an efficient surgeon or a competent practitioner. He must understand sanitary tactics; he must be familiar with the organization of the medical department and know how to handle men and material. Without this knowledge he cannot perform the full measure of his duties. "Therefore every patriotic physician should at once enroll in the medical department of the reserve officers corps, where he can learn the essentials of military medicine by devoting a few hours a week to home study without interfering with his practice. Then when the need comes he can serve his country acceptably and with credit to himself and his profession. Applications for enrollment in the corps should be addressed to the angeon general of the army, Washington." GIRL WOULD BE SOLDIER Writes a Letter Asking to Enlist in the United States Army. Muncle, Ind.—The following letter has been received by Sergeant Joseph R. Finney of the local recruiting station: Union City, Ind. Captain Finney, Army Recruiting Officer Muncle, Ind. Dear Sir—I sent in my application to the army recruiting office, several months ago and I was told to write you about it wish to join the United States army. However, you may see fit to use I shall be willing to give you service. My present position is clerical in a grocery store. Now, it is see and way to use me let me know. If it is on the firing line I am willing even to the hoping to hear from you soon. am, sincerely yours, MISS MINNIE HARMON R. R. 2 Union City, Ind. Sergeant Finney, after an investigation, said the young woman who asked the letter is a pretty girl who clocks in a country grocery near Union City and that she is in earnest about destiny to be a soldier or to enter the army to any capacity. Sergeant Finney has written to her that he has not the authority to enlist women for any purpose, but that she might find army work with the Red Cross association. White Negro Called a "Him Hot Springs, Ark.-Claiming he is "hoodoo" and practices sorcery, an old negro was given five days to leave the town of Earle, Ark., by three negroes who recently beat him and purged him through the streets with brooms. Their belief is said to be based on the fact that the old man's skin has turned white, except for a streak about the eyes, giving him an uncanny look. BELGIUM'S QUEEN Lives Unattended by Her Ladies In Waiting Now. RECEIVED A NEW YORK GIRL. Albert's Brave Lady Lives Within Sound of the Big Guns and Spends Her Days Visiting the Soldiers In Hospitals and Cheering Her People. Miss Carita Spencer of New York, having spent much time in Belgium doing relief work, was recently received by the Queen of Belgium at La Panne and gives this interesting ac colonial "La Panne, where the king and queen live, is a charming channel village, a bright dot of color along the shore about three-quarters of a mile in length and sandy. There is a long row of houses, with a hotel at one end which is now used as a hospital by Dr DePase, the noted Belgian surgeon and at the other end a group of slightly more prettiest villas, where the king and queen and their court officers P. A. ELIZABETH OF BELGIUM. fire and work. They put in a long, hard day's work day in and day out, week after week and month after month. The queen, in her simple dignity and great devotion to the people of her adoption, spends her days working with and for them, visiting hospitals, cheering the men, bringing presents to the kiddies and in everything she does never forgetting the personal touch and the word of heartfelt sympathy for each patient. "When one meets with her and talks to her so simple, so direct, so earnest—one feels that the idealized character of this woman is her real character. I always shall remember the smile of happiness that overspread the face of my chamberman at the little hotel in Calais when I told him I was on my way to see his queen. He had been wounded and could not go back to the front, but would walk with a limp to his dying day. "He spoke of the queen as of the dearest loved member of his family. She is a real queen." he said. 'She ares for the poor and the suffering. I seen saw her once, and she smiled at me when I wore my uniform and pour de guerre.' "Since the fighting has become heavy near La Panne—the town is often bomarded—the queen was not willing that any of her ladies in waiting should experience such dangers and so was living in the little villa unattended. "She sent me to visit the various orphanages, one in particular, her favorite, where much of the equipment has been donated by children in America wanting to help their little brothers across the sea. One dormitory in particular was filled with beds, over each of which was the name of the American child who gave it. "There were lots of babies so small they could barely toddle. It was the cutest sight imaginable to come with a box of chocolates and stand on the steps of the asylum yard and call to them as you would to a bunch of little chickens. Then to see them rush pell-mell, falling over each other, each eager to get his own piece of candy." Cozy Living Room When planning for the living room of simplicity don't forget the wicker or rattan nourglass chair. We have learned their infinite possibilities for charm by their successful use in the studies of artists and on the well furnished pots. From these two uses it is merely a step to the small and unconventional living room. One of these chairs, supplied with a pillow, will be an addition. About Blouses There is a decided vogue for dark shirt blouses in stripes and plaids. They are most decidedly smart, but they are not very becoming to most women. Not only do they lack any touch of redemine white at the neck, but they are cut on the most severe lines. Fashion Cues A frock that is very picturesque is made of yellow satin, and on the front of the bodice is embroidered a basket of flowers. Another frock for afternoon wear is a flesh pink georgette crape embroidered with bright blue glass beads. ULTRA MILLINERY. How the Chinese Idea Is Coloring the New Headgear. This season seems to have brought with it two very different and distinct styles of hats, one in the usual colors and the other a strong Chinese note which dominates everything and produces most weird but wonderful effects. In the first class there is a hat somewhat small in shape, with round, high crown and narrow brim turned down. This hat is entirely of soft peach colored crape. Directly in the front are two round, fat ornaments meant to represent flowers. One is of crape and the other of satin. Both are pink, but one is slightly deeper in color than the satin one. On either side of the flowers are leaves made of twisted loops of pane velvet, held in place with tiny invisible stitches. It is a very sweet and dainty hat and one which any home milliner can copy, for the flat flowers are made exactly like flat cardboard pincushions covered with satin or velvet, only it would be better to substitute buckram for cardboard. After the circles are covered with the material buttonhole stitch around the edge with heavy silk of the same color, making the stitches a quarter of an inch long and the same distance apart. The wonderful silks used to trim these hats are often dull in color, with here and there a truly oriental design embroidered or printed in the most blazing colors. A hat will have a crown covered with silk as described and a plain upper brim and the under brim of some soft color near the face and an all over silk pattern near the edge, three entirely different materials—different in texture, design and color—all on one hat, yet in perfect harmony of color. The conservative woman may not look upon these hats with favor, but sooner or later, being a woman, she will succumb to the charm of these wonderful oriental effects, which are chiefly Chinese in character. Tassels still demand attention, even on hats. A hat of dull blue straw trimmed with black silk, with here and there a blue, green and gold motif, had a long tassel extending from the center of the crown down over the brim. This tassel was fastened to an odd cord affair partly made of ribbon and partly of straw. It started from the center of a stiff little upright ruffle of black ribbon on the crown, and near the end where the black and gold tassel was attached was an odd tricolored carved bead. CORRECT FOR SPRING. The Kind of Useful Suit Every Maiden Needs. Black and tan wool checkerboard plaids make this modish suit cut finger tip length coat, sash belt and close THE FASHION OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY THE TRIM ONE ly plaited skirt. Black buttons close it, and a black velvet collar adds chic. The hat is a black chip trimmed with tan ribbon. Capes of Marabou. Marabou capes similar to the fur capes of the winter will be worn this spring. They are admirable as accompaniments of the modish straight little one piece frocks. These capes are of white or brown marabou in various styles, and they reach to the hips There will also be smaller models fashioned in two tones. For instance, there may be a collar and yoke of white marabou finished with a deep border of white feathers striped with gray, or perhaps there will be little tufts of snowy ostrich on marabou foundation. Black and white speckled feathers make an effective edging to a plain white boa, the ends of which have enormous tassels of feathers. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, APRIL 7. 1917. FOR YOUNG FOLKS How the Early Little May Flower Got Its Name. LIKED BY THE BUMBLEBEES Not Only Is the Trailing Arbutus of the Woodside Sweet Scented; It Also Contains Delicious Nectar—Its American History Reaches Far Back. Spring Is with us, said Uncle Ben to little Ned and Polly Ann, and it seems a good time to tell about PINK MAYFLOWERS The little mayflower, or arbutus, is a great favorite of mine. Not only is the mayflower sweet smelling, but it is sweet tasting, as any little bumblebee can tell you. On the hillsides or the borders of rocky woods, where the flower generally grows, you will in the springtime find swarms of the bumblebees hanging around the flowers, into which they dive for a drink of their delicious nectar. I must tell you how the mayflower got its name. I have told you of the brave white people who first came to live in this country nearly 300 years ago. They reached the land in the fall, and in Massachusetts, where they had come to stay, that winter was a very cold one. They suffered much because the food was scarce and the clothes which they had were not warm enough. Their English homes had been warm and comfortable, but in the American forest they had only poorly built log cabins, through the cracks in which the chill winds often whistled. When the hungry wolves howled around their doors on wild nights or they could see the Indians watching them from behind the trees in the great uncleared forest no doubt they often longed for the pleasant Englishowns they had left. For the women and children who had to stay much indors it was very hard indeed But by and by spring came, and then the settlers were able to be out once more. And great was their delight when the leaves came out on the trees, when the bushes in the forest clothed themselves in green and the grass everywhere became fresh and bright. Here and there in the woods flowers began to appear and first of all among them the little pink flower which we have named the mayflower. The little children gathered them and carried them home to show their delighted parents. And the women dug them up and tried to plant them around the cabins to begin little gardens, gardens that they meant to make as much as they could like the loved gardens which they had left with their homes across the ocean. The flowers grew all about the pine groves of old Plymouth, where the people had settled, and because the flowers had come to them in May and because the name of the good ship that had brought them to America had been called the Mayflower they so named the flower. Heard In the Library. "I don't think you books are very polite," said the andiron, peeping out of the fireplace. "What are we doing now?" asked one of the books. "Why, you've got all your backs turned toward the rest of us," said the andiron. "Your heart is like a dog's tail," said Peter Pumpkin. "Why so?" spoke Mr. Tree. "Because it's farthest from the bark," replied Peter. Riding a Wooden Stead. It is related that the common and very popular toy seen here was the invention of a man who was urged by his wife to make a toy to please and amuse their only boy. So the man got 1950 Photo by American Press Association. ABOARD A KIDDY KAR. busy and the popular toy was the result. Before his invention he worked for a small wage per day, but now that little boys and girls all over the country demand his invention he has grown rich, and the little boy will soon ride in an auto. FOR SOUTHLANDS. A Smart Coat Designed For Youth In Sunny Climates. THE FASHION WEEKLY JAUNTY LINES. Dove gray and cherry duvetyn are combined for this stunning garment. the huge soft collar terminating in deep revers and the leg-o-mutton sleeves being cherry, while the rest is gray. Ivory buttons close the medieval sleeves. Please note the piquant turban. KEEP YOUR FLOWERS. Bloom May Be Prolonged by Following These Tips. Some women seem to have a magic way with flowers. They can throw in seed and blooms will spring up. They can wear a corsage bouquet a whole evening and never have it wilt, and, as for cut flowers, they can keep them for weeks, it seems. Some one has said that it is the true flower lover who has such luck, and of course a woman must love flowers to want to have them and keep them, but sometimes, in spite of the best intentions, they do not know how to give cut flowers long life. There are several secret methods which flower lovers practice to keep the cut blooms fresh beyond the usual length of time. Every one knows that to cut off a bit of the stems of flowers every day before immersing them in fresh water will prolong their life. Every one does not know, however, that with woody stems it is a good plan to peel or cut away part of the hard bark so that the stem can absorb moisture. A night bath for sturdy blooms is refreshing. Throw them, flowers and all, into a basin of clean water. The hot water bath will bring apparently wilted blooms to life. Place the cut stems of the flowers in a jar of steaming hot water and allow them to remain there an hour or so until the water has cooled off. If the flowers are very wilted a lump of camphor in the hot water will sometimes react upon them quicker. Salt water will revive some flowers more quickly than anything else. A corsage bouquet which cannot be untied can be sprinkled with water and kept in the icebox overnight. A florist gives the following way of keeping blooming flowers for several weeks: Stick the stalks of the flowers in several inches of damp sand which has been placed in a bowl. Cover them with a glass jar or tumbler and move to a cool place where the sun will not reach them. Flowers benefit by massage. The Japanese find this a successful way of training blossoms with soft stems in the way they should go. Never keep flowers in a warm room overnight or in the bedroom either. Tender Meats. Quick cooking will not make steak tender; it must be tender in the beginning. But tough meat can be made tender by cooking it very gently in a gravy for an hour or more. By browning it first we give it a good flavor and have seared the surface so that more of the juice will be retained than if raw meat were used. Some scraps of fat are browned and an onion sliced and fried in the fat, a tablespoonful of flour is added, and when it is mixed smoothly with the fat a cupful of water is put in. The meat is put in the gravy and left covered on the back of the stove to cook slowly. Later carrot and turnip cut in cubes are added, and twenty minutes before serving the potatoes are put in. These have been pared, quartered and left in cold water for thirty minutes. To Mend Holes In Graniteware Work a piece of putty until it is soft. Take a piece large enough to cover the hole and put it over both inside and out. Place the utensil in a slow oven and bake until the putty is a deep brown color. The utensil may then be used the same as when new. Even a teakettle may be mended and used as before. ABOUT BABY WEEK The Children's Bureau Has Started the Campaign. HOW ABOUT YOUR OWN TOWN? First Week of May Is the Best Time, but Plan Your Work So It Best Fits In With Local Conditions and Prepares For Summer. [Prepared by the children's bureau. Washington.] The 1917 baby week bids fair to be an even bigger, more worth while celebration than last year's, but 1916 will keep the distinction of being the year when each community's provision for the welfare of its babies was generally recognized as a civic responsibility. Have your baby week from the 1st to the 6th of May if possible. This date has been agreed upon by the bureau and the General Federation of Women's Clubs as the time best adapted to the varying conditions of different states. It requires only twelve months for a baby to become one year old and no longer subject to the hazards of infant mortality, but there are still many risks for him to encounter. He is still absolutely helpless, although increasingly charming, and his parents are as eager to keep him well and happy, as desirous of sound advice, as they were last year. Open out the 1917 baby week to include all children still at home with their mothers. Remember the mothers. Well cared for, healthy mothers are necessary for the health and happiness of their babies. Find out what your community is doing to insure to every mother skilled advice and adequate care before and after her baby is born and give the importance of protecting the mother a prominent place in the educational work of the campaign. And one word to communities where infantile paralysis has been epidemic: Mothers should be urged to leave the baby at home during baby week. Any feature of the campaign involving the bringing together of numbers of babies must of course be omitted, but such features are not essential to the interest and success of a campaign. And baby week will afford an excellent opportunity for giving information as to the proper physical training of children with paralyzed muscles. The baby week emphasizes the constructive side of infant care. It addresses not only individual parents, but communities. The best test of its value will be the work that follows it. Undoubtedly every state board of health should secure what only six states have at present—a special division of child hygiene. No city or town should fail to provide instructive nursing service and to pay constant heed to the problems of hygiene and sanitation, of proper housing and of recreation spaces, since all these immediately affect the welfare of infants. There are 3,000 counties in the United States. In every county seat there should be a center for the health work of that county, a station for examining babies and older children and for furnishing expert advice for keeping them well—in short, a health teaching center. THIS WORK DRESS. What Small Girls Will Wear to School Soon. Cerise is a popular spring shade, so this gown is fashioned of cerise and white blocked gingham cut one piece ```markdown ``` Photo by American Press Association and trimmed with pique pipings and a diagonally piped belt. A black velvet bow tie has a quite grownup effect. A Cheap: Dessert. Take half dozen bananas, slice them into a deep dish, squeeze the juice of half a lemon over them, covering them with water and half cupful of sugar. Stir them with a dessert spoon, place in ice chest one hour before using. They are good without going on ice. SLIM ELEGANCE. Evening Gowns From Paris All Have Trains Now. THE FASHION OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY HER BALL GOWN. Black velvet is here put up with spangled black net, the garnitures being butterflies of rhinestones. Butterflies, by the way, are the hallmark of at least two of the most fashionable houses in Paris. The shoulder straps are also of this same stone. FOR THE WEDDING SHOWER. Dainty Minus For the Spring Bride's Delectation. I. Pineapple and Orange Fruit Cocktail. Oystera a la King (Chafing Dish). Heart Shaped Brown Bread and Butter Sandwiches. Olives. Salted Almonds. Cream Cheese Ball, French Dressing. Nut Salad. Whipped Cream Cake. Coffee. II. Heart Shaped Salmon and Olive Canapes. Tomato Bouillon. Wafers. Radish Roses. Watercress. Chicken Croquettes. Buttered Peas. Potato Chips. Waldorf Salad in Red Apple Cups. Lettuce and Brown Bread Sandwiches. Charlotte Russe, Garnished With Candied Rose Leaves. Bonbons. Black Coffee. III. Grapefruit With Maraschino Cherries. Cream of Pea Soup With Whipped Cream. Toast Sticks. Olives. Salted Nuts. Creamed sweetbreads. Potato Croquettes. Pimento Jelly Salad, Mayonnaise. Cheese Crackers. Pistachio Ice Cream. Little Heart Shaped Cakes. Bonbons. Black Coffee. A Boning Process. Legs and loins of lamb and mutton are the meats ordinarily boned. The butcher will do it, but if it must be done at home wipe the meat and with a sharp knife scrape the meat from the bone, being careful not to cut through the skin. To bone birds, chickens or turkeys, select undrawn birds, with head and feet left on. Remove pin feathers and singe. Draw tendons from legs by making an incision just below the knee joint, and with a strong skewer draw the tendons out one at a time. Loosen the skin near the feet and cut off the feet. Make an incision through the skin from the neck to the tail the entire length of the backbone. Scrape the flesh from the bones until the shoulder blade is found, then scraping around the wing joint. Scrape down the backbone to the thigh, then around the second joint and leg, cutting tendonous portion when necessary. When one side of backbone is boned, bone the other, then remove flesh from breastbone on either side of bird. When flesh is all separated from bone discard carcass, wipe flesh and skin and arrange in original shape. The birds may be seasoned and broiled or stuffed, sewed into shape and steamed. Macaroni and Cheese Cook macaroni in boiling water until it becomes tender, salted to taste. Drain off water, make a white sauce from butter, flour, milk and seasoning. Add macaroni to white sauce, also grated cheese to taste. Pour into buttered baking pan, cover top with breadcrumbs and bake until crumbs become a golden brown. This makes a delicious dish when served piping hot. Improvised Ice Chip. Many people do not know that by taking an ordinary sewing needle they can chip ice from a large cake without breaking the large piece too much. Tap the needle with a thimble or small tack hammer and the ice will break off into small pieces. TEENAN JO TEENAN JONES' PLACE 3445 SOUTH STATE STREET Telephone Douglas 4591 The finest and most UP-TO BUFFET and CAFE on the Side. First-Class Entertainers HENRY "TEENAN" JONES, Prop finest and most UP-TO-DATE CT and CAFE on the South First-Class Entertainers. Y "TEENAN" JONES, Proprietor. The finest and most UP-TO-DATE BUFFET and CAFE on the South Side. First-Class Entertainers. HENRY "TEENAN" JONES, Proprietor. Residence 1262 Macalister Place Telephone Monroe 2714 Suite 313-329 Reaper Block Clark & Washington Sts. PHONE: OFFICE, MAIN 4188 AUTOMATIC 33-736 RESIDENCE, DREXEL 7090 Walter M. Farmer ATTORNEY AT LAW SUITE 708, 184 WASHINGTON ST. NOTARYPUBLIC CHICAGO Franklin A. Denison ATTORNEY AT LAW 36 West Randolph St., Chicago Suite 708 Delaware Building FRANK DUNN J. B. McCAHEY Trustees Established 1897 TEL. OAKLAND 1850, 1851, 1852 JOHN J. DUNN WOOLSALE GOAL RETAIL Fifty-First and Armour Avenue RAILYARDS St1st St. and L. S. & M. S. St1st St. and Armour Ave. Detroit Jewel No. 16 A Gas Range THIS is the standard composition 1917 catalog and priced there for 18 months. To encourage out, inadequate gas ranges, we ha left hand ovens, to $36, on easy te $2 Down and $2 a This range is large enough for (16x18x12), holds 8 one-pound loa The five top burners are self-lig valves are in front. Underneath is Bake oven door has Pyrex glass splasher back, and side, burner porcelain enamel. See this range, a genuine bargain, downtown or branch stores. The Peoples Gas L Michigan Avenue and Adana Street Detroit Jewel Composite No. 16-308 Gas Range Bargain! This is the standard composite range described on page 35 of our catalog and priced there at $40—$4 down and $2 a month 18 months. To encourage prompt discard of burnt-out, worn-equate gas ranges, we have cut the price, for either right or ovens, to $36, on easy terms. Down and $2 a Month for 17 Months Range is large enough for most Chicago families. Bake oven (2), holds 8 one-pound loaves. Meat oven is 16x18x9. Top burners are self-lighting—no matches required. Oven in front. Underneath is a convenient shelf for pots and pans. Door has Pyrex glass panel in nickel frame. Broiler door, back and side, burner tray and broiler pan are all white enamel. Range, a genuine bargain, at once—the supply is limited—at in or branch stores. The Peoples Gas Light & Coke Company Dugan Avenue and Adaans Street Telephone Wabash 6000 Detroit Jewel Composite No. 16-308 A Gas Range Bargain! THIS is the standard composite range described on page 35 of our 1917 catalog and priced there at $40—$4 down and $2 a month for 18 months. To encourage prompt discard of burnt-out, worn-out, inadequate gas ranges, we have cut the price, for either right or left hand ovens, to $36, on easy terms. $2 Down and $2 a Month for 17 Months This range is large enough for most Chicago families. Bake oven (16x18x12), holds 8 one-pound loaves. Meat oven is 16x18x9. The five top burners are self-lighting—no matches required. Oven valves are in front. Underneath is a convenient shelf for pots and pans. Bake oven door has Pyrex glass panel in nickel frame. Broiler door, splaser back and side, burner tray and broiler pan are all white porcelain enamel. See this range, a genuine bargain, at once—the supply is limited—at downtown or branch stores. The Peoples Gas Light & Coke Company Michigan Avenue and Adams Street Telephone Wabash 6000 WEST SIDE 2142 W. Madison Street 1709 W. 12th Street 1641 Milwaukee Avenue 03da Ave. West 4033 W. Madison Street Branch Stores: SOUTH SIDE 731 West 63rd Street 3478 Archer Avenue 54th St. Street 9851 Commercial Avenue 11025 Michigan Avenue KINK HAIR Atlanta, Ga. Exelento Med. Co. Gentlemen. If you notice shows you what your fine. EXELENTO DENTAL POMADE has done for my hair. Before I used it, my hair was so fine and now it is 24 inches long, and so soft and alike that I am doe to up any way I want to. Touches truly. Don't let some fake Kink Remover fool you. You really can't straighten your hair until it's nice and long. That's what EXELENTO POMADE does, removes Dandruff, feeds the Roots of the hair, and makes it grow long, soft and silky. After using a few times you can fail the difference, and after a little while it will be so pretty and long that you can fix it up to suit you. If Exelento don't do as we claim, we will give your money back. 28¢ by mail on receipt of stamp or coin. AGENTS WANTED EVERYWHERE. Write for Particulars. EXELENTO MEDICINE CO., Atlanta, Ga. --- --- PAGE NIGHT WEST SIDE 2142 W. Madison Street 1641 Milwaukee Avenue 1641 W. Madison Street 2142 W. Madison Street Office Phones: Res. 5135 S. Wakeah Ave. Oakland 4662. Auto. 73-058 Phone Dresel 18815 Dr. Theo. R. Mozee DENTIST 4709 S. STATE STREET CHICAGO Hours 9 A. M. to 5 P. M., 7 P. M. to 6 P. M. Sundays by Appointment Phone Main 2017 Automatic 32-395 A. L. WILLIAMS ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW Suite 706 Firmenich Bldg. 184 W. Washington St. Residence 5548 Jefferson Av. Phone Midway 5515 Chicago 118 North La Salle St., Chicago Suite 615 to 616 PHONE MAIN 2214 SOUTH SIDE 74th Street 3748 Archer Avenue 1013 East 35th Street 11025 Michigan Avenue 1013 Michigan Avenue THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, APRIL 7, 1917. Have you any idea? Did you ever capitalize your wages and figure it out? This is the way to ascertain how much your labor is really worth. For instance, a man who has saved $20,000 and invested it at 5 per cent receives an annual income of $1,000 a year, or about $20 a week. The clerk in the office or the workman in the factory who gets $20 a week therefore receives the income at 5 per cent on an investment of $20,000. He is a $20,000 man—that is, he is getting as much week by week as the man with $20,000 who depends solely upon the income from his investments and who does not work for a living. The man who earns $40 a week has about the same income as the investor with $40,000 put out at interest at 5 per cent. So labor is capital. It has a market value. It can be called a commodity because it can be sold by its owner the same as any other possession he may have. John A. Sleicher in Lesile's. Shotguns In War. That shotguns should be largely utilized in modern warfare is the contention of a number of military experts. It is pointed out that such guns would be particularly useful to sentries at night, as an intruder might more easily be crippled and captured by a spreading charge of heavy shot than by a single bullet. Moreover, a person moving quickly might often be missed by a shot from a rifle, whereas a snapshot from a shotgun in semidarkness could hardly fail to find its object. In the trenches shotguns could be used with success. A shotgun loaded with about forty-eight grains of powder and one and a half ounces of big shot, with about twenty-five pellets, would be of much more value than the rifle, as during a night attack, either for attack or defense in semidarkness, a single charge would hardly fall to inflict serious wounds on one or more of the enemy.—Exchange. The Swiss Admiral "As much business as a Swiss admiral is a term sometimes used satirically. But the little inland nation actually had an admiral once. He was an Englishman, too, a Colonel Williams, who joined the Swiss colors in 1790. This Colonel Williams got together a small fleet on Lake Zurich and was ordered to oppose the French army, which was preparing to attack the Austrians and Russians massed near by. The French attacked their alliedoes and routed them. Admiral Williams calmly watched the battle that was in progress on land. Then, enraged at his own inaction, he discharged his crews, scuttled his vessels and went back to England. Switzerland now has one armored boat on Lake Lucerne, but its commander is only a captain.—Kansas City Star. A Father Vaughan Story. Father Bernard Vaughan, the famous English Jesuit preacher, says what he means and means what he says and is never afraid of directing his criticisms even against the most powerful sections of society, especially the idle rich. An amusing reference was once made to the fiery methods of denunciation he employs when in the pulpit. He had been preaching in Rome and had, as usual, dealt out plain truths about everybody with his accustomed force. One of the cardinals remarked that he preached like an Italian. "Yes," said another dignitary, "but he is an Italian. He was born on Vesuvius, and we only sent him to England to cool."-London Globe. Salt and Toothbrushes Our dentist tells us a very interesting thing. Ordinary salt is one of the best methods for sterilizing toothbrushes that are known. But not only because it sterilizes is it so excellent, but because it has the effect of softening the bristles and making them expand in a way. One of the troubles so frequently met with is that the bristles come out and are swallowed, causing appendicitis. The salt causes the bristles to swell and so remain in the brush. This may be but another of the several million theories. It is important, however, that bristles do cause appendicitis—New York Globe. Substitute For Tobacco. Throughout the tropical orient the natives employ a substitute for tobacco consisting of a slice of areca palm nut, wrapped in betel leaf, flavored with a fine lime made of native seashells and colored with carmine. The habit is universal, especially with the women, and sellers of "betel nut" may be seen on many of the street corners in Siqon and other cities of Indo-China. Handsome Serenity. "George Washington was never guilty of deception." "Maybe not. I don't believe, in fact, that he ever looked like his pictures on our postage stamps. But, of course, he wasn't responsible for them."—Washington Star. Logical Conclusion "Electric wires must be quick tempered." "Why?" "Because it seems so dangerous to cross them."-Baltimore American. No Hangings Him—How did you like the stage hangings in that Shakespeare show? He—There weren't no hangings, y'boob! He killed 'em with a sword.—Cornell Widow. Men who are low and are falling do not revolt. It is men who, although they may be low, are rising who revolt.—W. G. Sumner. It is strange and terrible to visit Paris—and no one can be happy—but to one who has loved France it is far worse to visit the lovely northern country. There is here a sense of emptiness, as if terror still hushed the normal cheerful noises of mankind. The people of these regions have lost everything. Their houses are burned; their animals, even the rabbits; are gone; their farm implements are shapeless pieces of grotesquely melted iron. They live in temporary, patched shelters and in the houses built by the Society of Friends or mass themselves in some nearby village that escaped destruction. After a time in this silent country one gets the sense that destruction is normal, and tears start to one's eyes at the sight of an undestroyed French village smiling in the sun. So changed are all values that I could feel nothing strange in the words of the woman who told me: "Fortunately my husband is a hunchback. He can't go to the war."—Mary Heaton Vorse in Century. Abused Superlatives. It is hard to make people understand that the adjective almost invariably weakens the noun and that the word "very," for instance, does not strengthen a statement, but qualifies it. But the use of the superlative is even more abused. We talk of the "unimpeachable" honesty of somebody or other, knowing perfectly well that anybody's honesty may be impeached. What seems to be required is a readjustment of our habits of thought and better teaching of the value of words and even of the usefulness of grammar. A superlative necessarily involves an axiom. It commits you, like saying that the sum of the angles of any triangle is equal to two right angles. Your dilemma arises when you try to prove it. "Impregnability" and "invulnerability" and all other superlatives in general use are posing as axioms when they are mostly fallacies.—Wall Street Journal. Taking Him Down. A lawyer with a liking for billiards had occasion recently to visit a small town in the west of Scotland. While there, seeking to pass the time, he found a new and excellent billiard table. Upon inquiring if there was any body about who could play the land lord referred him to one of the natives. They played several games, but the result was against the lawyer. Try as he might, the countryman won every game. "Mr. —," the lawyer remarked. "I've quite a reputation at home. They consider me a good billiard player, but I'm not in your class. May I inquire how long you have played?" "Oh, for a awhile back," replied the native. "But, I say, I dinaw want to hurt yer feelin's, but you're the first fellow I ever beat!"-London Tit-Bits. Victor Hugo. Victor Hugo was born at Besancon, France. Feb. 26, 1802; died May 22, 1885. He began his literary work at fourteen, and by 1827 his reputation was continental. In 1852, on account of his democratic sympathies, he was an exile in the island of Jersey, but after 1870 he returned to France. Forced into politics, he soon became disgusted with its insincerities and resigned his seat in the assembly to which he had been elected. In 1876 he was made a senator, but never accomplished much on account of his uncompromising hostility to every form of official trickery. British Isles. Great Britain is an island in which are located the countries of England. Scotland and Wales. Ireland is an island by itself. These two large islands together, with the numerous small islands adjacent, constitute the British isles. Lobsters' Shells. When a lobster is about to shed its shell the latter splits down the back and drops off in two equal parts. Then the tail slips out of the shell like a finger out of a glove. PRACTICAL HEALTH HINT. Winning Long Life. A recent investigation made to find out what class of men live the longest revealed the fact that clergymen live longer than other men. Monell Sayre, who made the investigation, attributes the longevity of clergymen to their simple life and says that the extra years which the clergy accumulate are the results of clean personal lives—lives of sacrifice and abstinence. Moderation is now considered the salvation of this life. A splendid rule for attaining longevity is summed up by the United States public health service in the following curt statements: "Other things being equal, it is the man who leads the well balanced life who lasts the longest, whose work to the end is uniformly the best; he who neither overworks nor overplays, neither overeats, overdrinks nor overseeps; he who maintains a standard of simple, healthy diet in moderation; who offsets mental work with physical recreation; who is as honest, with his own body as he is with his own business. When success comes to such a one his physical and mental condition is such that he can enjoy in peace of mind and contentment of body the fruits of his labors." Consult me, I can save you Worry, Time and Money. Shipping to all parts of the Country and Automobile Funerals a Specialty. Central Display Rooms and Chapel. Call promptly answered day or night. Ernest H. Williamson, KENWOOD 455 Undertaker AUTOMATIC 73-867 The Cranford Apartment Building. 3600. Wabash Ave. THE FORTY-FOURTH STREET The finest building ever opened to Colored tenants in Chicago Steam heat, electric lights, tile baths, marble entrance. THE MOST COMPLETE OPTICAL ROOMS IN THE CITY BEST GOODS AT THE LOWEST PRICES JOHN BLOCKI, President F. W. BLOCKI, Treasurer JOHN BLOCKI & SON PERFUMERS GO TO C. E. KREYSSLER, Druggist 5057 South State Street NOT ON THE CORNER FOR HIGH GRADE DRUGS, CHEMICALS AND MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS All Prescriptions Carefully Compounded ALSO CARRY A FULL LINE OF BLOCKI'S IDEAL & BLOCKI'S FLOWER IN BOTTLE PERFUMES A. F. CODOZOE, J. H. WHISTON, Prepriters CHAS. HARRIS, Manager DOUGLAS 5971 Phones DOUGLAS 3258 AUTO. 72-379 The Elite Cafe AND BUFFET 3030 STATE STREET CHICAGO A. H. IN a Metropolitan City of this size, death knocks every thirty minutes at some door. Too often that death not only brings sorrow, but misfortune as well. Let the price you pay for a funeral be a business proposition and you will benefit by it in service, quality and cost to you in dollars and cents. The result of my campaign has built for me one of the largest and most magnificent establishments in the world. A visit will convince you Chicago, ranford Apartment ing. 3600. Wabash Ave.; ing ever opened to Colored tenants in Chicago eric lights, tile baths, marble entrance. J. W. Casey, Agent 133 W. Washington St. All Eye Trouble SEE