The Broad Ax

THE BROAD AX The Trial of Former Alderman Oscar De Priest Is Drawing to a Close in the Criminal Court of Cook County and Everything Strongly Indicates That the Present Weak or Shallow Criminal Charges Which Have Been Placed on the Top of His Manly and Race Loving Head, Will Fade Away Into Nothingness CAPTAIN STEPHEN K. HEALEY THE SELF CONFESSED BRIBE TAKER AND RECEIVER OF GRAFT OR EASY MONEY PRESENTED A HORRIBLE AND DISMAL SPECTACLE ON THE WITNESS STAND. HE FREELY ADMITTED THAT HE EXPECTED TO RECEIVE SOME CONSIDERATION FROM THE HANDS OF THE HON. STATE'S ATTORNEY FOR TESTIFYING AGAINST OSCAR DE PRIEST IN AN EFFORT TO LAND HIM BEHIND THE PRISON BARS AT JOLIET, ILLINOIS. MANY OTHER BLACK MIDNIGHT ASSASSINS AND CHARACTER DESTROYERS ASSISTED IN ATTEMPTING TO PAINT HIM AS BLACK AS THE HINGES OF HADES BUT IN THE FINAL END THEIR FALSE SWEARING AND PERJURED TESTIMONY WILL FALL FLAT TO THE GROUND. THE HON. FRANK JOHNSTON, JR., SEEMINGLY ESTABLISHED THE COLOR DURING THE PROGRESS OF THE TRIAL FOR HE EXAMINED ALL OF THE WHITE WITNESSES HIMSELF AND PERMITTED THE HON. EDWARD E. WILSON TO EXAMINE THE COLORED WITNESSES. HON. HUGO PAM, JUDGE OF THE SUPERIOR COURT, HON. JOHN RICHARDSON, JUDGE OF THE MUNICIPAL COURT, HON. JOSEPH E. LINDQUIST, VICE PRESIDENT OF THE CENTRAL TRUST COMPANY OF ILLINOIS, HON. ROY O. WEST, HON. SAMUEL A. ETTELSON, MAJ. JOHN R. LYNCH, REV. JOHN T. JENIFER, REV. MOSES JACKSON, DAVID LEVY, REV. J. C. ANDERSON, DR. U. GRANT DALEY, EX-ASSISTANT STATE'S ATTORNEY JUDGE GEORGE W. UNDERWOOD AND A. H. ROBERTS WERE AMONG THE LEADING CHARACTER WITNESSES FOR MR. DE PRIEST. HON. EDWARD H. MORRIS WHO BANKS WITH THE BEST AND THE MOST EXPERT CRIMINAL LAWYERS IN THE UNITED STATES OCCUPIED ALL OF THURSDAY AFTERNOON IN ADDRESSING THE JURY IN BEHALF OF MR. DE PRIEST AND HE MADE A WONDERFUL AND LASTING IMPRESSION ON THE MIND OF EACH MEMBER OF THE JURY. HON. CLARENCE S. DARROW WHO HAS NO EQUAL IN THE WORLD AS A PLEADER FOR RIGHT AND JUSTICE FOLLOWED MR. MORRIS FRIDAY MORNING AND HIS LOGICAL AND ELOQUENT WORDS WERE EAGERLY DRANK IN BY EACH MEMBER OF THE JURY AND THE SPECTATORS AND HE EASILY PROVED THAT THOSE WHO ATTEMPT TO SCORE A POINT AGAINST THE RIGHT SIMPLY LOAD THE DICE AGAINST THEMSELVES. JUDGE GEORGE F. BARRETT HAS VERY ABLY PRESIDED DURING THE PROGRESS OF THE TRIAL HE IS MASTER OF THE CRIMINAL LAW AND HE IS FAST PROVING HIMSELF TO BE ONE OF THE ABLEST AND FAIRST PRESTIDING JUDGES IN COOK COUNTY. Vol. XXII. The Trial is a Clos thing Shall the T Away CAPTAIN STEPHEN K. HEALEY THAT AND RECEIVER OF GRAFT OR RIBLE AND DISMAL SPECTACLE FREELY ADMITTED THAT HE CONSIDERATION FROM THE TORNEY FOR TESTIFYING AGREEMENT TO LAND HIM BEHIND ILLINOIS. MANY OTHER BLACK MIDNIGHT STROYERS ASSISTED IN ATTENDANCE AS THE HINGES OF HADES BUT SWEARING AND PERJURED THE GROUND. THE HON. FRANK JOHNSTON, JEW COLOR LINE DURING THE PRESENT EXAMINED ALL OF THE WORK PERMITTED THE HON. EDWARD COLORED WITNESSES. HON. HUGO PAM, JUDGE OF THE SARDSON, JUDGE OF THE MUNICIPAL QUEST, VICE PRESIDENT OF OF ILLINOIS, HON. ROY O. WAJ, JOHN R. LYNCH, REV. JOSSON, DAVID LEVY, REV. J. C. EXASSISTANT STATE'S ATTORNEY WOOD AND A. H. ROBERTS WACTER WITNESSES FOR MR. D. HON. EDWARD H. MORRIS WHO MOST EXPERT CRIMINAL LAW OCCUPIED ALL OF THURSDAY'S JURY IN BEHALF OF MR. DEFUL AND LASTING IMPRESSION OF THE JURY. HON. CLARENCE S. DARROW WHO AS A PLEADER FOR RIGHT AND FRIDAY MORNING AND HIS WERE EAGERLY DRANK IN THAT AND THE SPECTATORS AND WHO ATTEMPT TO SCORE A PLAIN LOAD THE DICE AGAINST THE JUDGE GEORGE F. BARRETT HAS VISITED PROGRESS OF THE TRIAL HE AND HE IS FAST PROVING HIM AND FAIREST PRESIDING JURY. Monday, around about noon, Capt. Stephen K. Healy, who claimed that he had been an honest policeman for many years, mounted the witness stand in behalf of the people of Illinois against former Alderman Oscar DePriest, and with his dishonest or bribe-taking head hanging down, he freely admitted that he was not in charge of the Stanton ave. police station over three or four weeks before he was good and ready to hold or extend both of his vice-stained hands behind him and permit them to remain there until they were full to overflowing with easy or graft money and he presented a most horrible and revolting picture or spectacle on the witness stand when he willingly admitted that he was such a grafter that he thought that he was doing the right thing and that he was not committing any great crime or wrong when he sold himself outright both body and soul (that is if he ever had such a thing as a soul) for the small sum of seventy-five dollars. He further freely admitted that from the latter part of Feb., 1916, the time that he assumed his police duties at the Stanton ave. station, until about December 1st, 1916, that he raked in one thousand dollars in graft or bribe money from one source alone and for that one thousand dollars he furnished police protection to some of the gambling clubs, namely: The Blue Jay Club, the --- Hob Nob Club and to one or two other gambling joints and the owners of the gambling clubs who failed to keep in their places were raided right along by the police. Capt. Healy showed, according to his testimony, that at that time he was steeped in sin and grafting vice, and on cross examination, with his dishonest head still hanging down, he admitted that he hoped and expected to receive some kind of reward or consideration from the hands of the Hon. pipe-dreaming state's attorney, for assisting to land, Mr. De Priest behind the prison bars at Joliet, Illinois, and before leaving the witness stand he further admitted that he had never talked with Mr. De Priest in relation to gambling in his district and that he had never received one dollar from him in any manner, shape or form. Between fifty and sixty other black midnight character assassins, bold-faced liars, black mailers, gamblers, tinhorn political tramps and worthless characters in general were thrown on the witness stand in behalf of the state in a vain effort to paint Mr. De Priest as black as themselves or as black as the hinges of Hades, but unless we are sadly mistaken all of their false swearing and their perjured testimony will in the final ending of the case fall flat to the ground. One of the things that struck us with much force was that seemingly that CHICAGO, JUNE 9, 1917 Alderman Criminal Co Indicatesonal Charge Manly and ningness the Hon. Frank Johnston, Jr., who came from that old hateful rotten state, Mississippi, and who wanted to become one of the Judges of the Circuit Court of Cook county not so long ago, and thanks to the thoughtful voters he was securely chained to post on election day and requested to remain at home and continue to hold down his present job, established the color line during the progress of the trial for he examined all of the White witnesses and the Hon. Edward E. Wilson, who has in the past never been permitted to appear in the trial of any case right out in the open court, examined all of the Colored witnesses. In one sweeping denial, Mr. De Priest, in a straightforward manner while on the witness stand absolutely denied that he had ever attempted to control or protect gambling or the gamblers residing in the second ward or to prevent their gambling clubs from being raided by the police; that he did not have the power to have Capt. Ryan removed from the Stanton ave. station; that he never attempted to interfere with the police duties of Capt. S. K. Healy, nor requested anyone to remove him from that station. On the whole he made a very favorable impression while occupying the witness stand and every once in a while he could not refrain from digging at his old friend, the Hon. Edward E. Wilson whom Mr. De Priest taught was true blue, as he went to the front and assisted Mr. Wilson to land his present job under a milk and water Democrat. Judge Hugo Pam; Judge John Richardson of the Municipal Court; Hon. John E. Lindquist, vice president of the Central Trust Company of Illinois; Hon. Roy. O. West, Hon. Samuel A. Ettelson, Major John R. Lynch, Rev. John T. Jenifer, Rev. Moses H. Jackson, Mr. David Levy, Rev. J. C. Anderson; Dr. U. G. Daley, Ex-assistant State's Attorney George W. Underwood; Mr. A. H. Roberts, former county commissioner; William J. Umback and Edwin H. Walker were among those who gladly testified to the good character and to the untarnished reputation of Mr. De Priest in all of his business dealings with his fellowmen Hon. Edward H. Morris, who is one of the greatest criminal lawyers in this country stated in Thursday afternoon's address to the jury in behalf of Mr. De Priest and in the smoothest manner possible, he grabbed up each star witness for the State and after skillfully tearing their so-called evidence all to pieces, he tossed them aside as so much worthless trash and as he proceeded he made a most wonderful and lasting impression on the minds of the jury. From time to time he exclaimed while he was engaged in turning his black mud batteries against the three star witnesses for the State, "That every drop of water that comes from those three human cesspools is polluted, poisonous and full of filth and foul, deadly matter; that one of the nameless star witnesses is a black-mailer, a political highwayman, that he wanted Mr. De Priest to give him one hundred dollars so that he could make his getaway to Canada, that nothing nor no honest man was safe after he had come into contact on had passed through the gutter of that nameless --- In Oscar De la Court of Cochise That the races Which Have full Race Love State Senator from Chicago, who h De Priest to the [Picture of a man in a suit with a white collar and tie]. State Senator from the Fourth Senatorial District; Corporation Counsel of Chicago, who has manfully and courageously stood by his friend, Oscar De Priest to the very last ditch. star witness; that if he was riding in a street car or elevator and there were fifty pickpockets in the car or elevator and he missed his watch, the very first person he would have arrested would be the nameless star witness for the State, who at the present time has the jail staring him right in his vice-stained dishonest face." Hon. Clarence S. Darrow, who is almost in a class by himself when it comes down to pleading for right and justice; who is also one of the greatest criminal lawyers in the world, followed Mr. Morris on Friday morning and to say the least his logical and eloquent words were eagerly drank in by each and every member of the jury and by the hundreds who crowded into the court room to hear and Mr. Darrow in his almost three hours' argument to the jury clearly pointed it out that those who attempt to score a point against the right, load the dice against themselves. Judge George F. Barrett has during the progress of the trial, ably presided with rare dignity and decorum and he is fast proving himself to be one of the best and fairest judges in Cook county and it is almost needless to say that he is popular with all classes of his fellow-citizens and that he stands very high in the estimation of the Colored people. HON. SAMUEL A. ETTELSON. in the Fourth Senatorial District; Corp was manfully and courageously stood by the very last ditch. NEGRO INVENTORS Mr. Henry Gonsouland, patentee for a safety device for railway train toilets. Residence 1527 E. 7th St., Oakland, Cal. His ability to put into practice the knowledge he has acquired from experience and observation to apply it successfully has resulted in what he says is a success. The path of an inventor is not always an easy one in the case of a Colored inventor. Mr. Henry A. Bowman of Worcester, Massachusetts, devised and patented a new method of making flags. After he has established a paying business on his invention, the information came to him that a New York rival was using the same invention and "cutting" his business. Bowman brought suit for infringement, but the suit went against him on a legal technicality and being unable to carry the case through the appellate tribunals, the destruction of his business followed. Another inventor, J. W. Benton of Kentucky, completed an invention of a derrick for hoisting and being without means to travel to Washington to look after his patent, he packed his model in a grip and walked from Kentucky to Washington in order to save carfare. He obtained his patent in 1900. A man may be the first to conceive a new idea, the first to translate that No.38 new idea into tangible practical form and reduce it to a patent, but too often that "slip twixt cup and lip" leaves him the last to get any reward for his inventive genius. Granville T. Woods, late of New York, appears to have surpassed every other Colored inventor in the number and variety of his inventions. His inventive record began in 1884 in Cincinnati, Ohio, where he then resided and continued without interruption for over a quarter of a century. While his inventions relate principally to electricity, his inventions in telegraphy include several patents. He patented fifteen inventions for Electric Railways. He organized the Woods Electric Company of Cincinnati, Ohio. The official records of the United States Patent Office show that many of his patents were assigned to such companies as the General Electric Company of New York—some to the Westinghouse Air Brake Company of Pennsylvania—others to the American Bell Telephone Company of Boston, Massachusetts, and still others to the American Engineering Company of New York. So far there is no inventor of the Colored Brace whose creative genius has covered quite so wide a field as that of Mr. Granville T. Woods, nor one whose achievements have attracted more universal attention and favorable comment from technical and scientific journals both in this country and abroad.—From the Scrap Book by J. D. Reynolds. Phones Calumet 6164 Automatic 71-629 The Emanuel Jackson Undertaking Co., Inc. 2959-61 South State St. Reliable Service Courteous Treatment Reasonable Prices FREE CHAPEL IN CONNECTION FRENCHY DESIGN. What Paris Sends Us For a Breakfast Coat. Smoke gray chiffon is the fabric used for this beautiful garment. The front THE FILM OF "THE LOVE OF THE WEEK" BY JOHN B. HARRIS, WITH A FILM BY JOHN B. HARRIS, AND A FILM BY JOHN B. HARRIS. BECOMING NEGLIIGE is finely hand tucked, and femininely dainty ruffles of the chiffon adorn the collar and cuffs in double rows. A string belt of the fabric girds the waist loosely. Eat your bread stale and not fresh if you want to avoid indigestion. Slice it, dry in the oven and toast a delicate brown. Saved the Waste. Customer—But these cigars seem shorter than the others I had at the same price. Plausible Salesman—Yes, sir. You see, the makers of that special brand found that gentlemen threw away about an inch of each cigar, so they decided to save on that by making them a trifle shorter.—Passing Show. KNIT YOUR BIT. How to Make Three Useful Articles For Sailors. The word has gone forth that a warm sailor is better than a cold one. This is no sentimental catch phrase; it is a literal physiological fact. A warm sailor can work and fight with a steadier nerve, with an increased physical efficiency, with a higher courage, for the effect of warmth is to stimulate. Now, then, what can you, as a woman, do about it? You, a woman with a pair of knitting needles, can keep at least one sailor warm. And remember, the sailor that you keep warm is going to be a better defender of your flag. The government supplies many of his wants, but there are three articles not supplied, and these are the sleeveless knitted jacket, the muffler and the wristlets. He will use them when he is exposed work—this may be laying a mine or serving on picket duty or in submarine and patrol boat service. The comforts committee of the Navy League of the United States, with headquarters in Washington and at 500 Fifth avenue, New York, will help you to form an organization for knitting or to purchase wool or will receive your finished articles that you've made alone in odd times when Susie was quiet in the bathtub or Johnny busy feeding the rabbits. But if you are going to knit do it according to directions. Here they are: The Muffler.—Cast on 50 stitches. Plain knitting for fifty-eight inches. No. 5 celluloid needle. One-half pound dark blue knitting yarn. The Wristlets.—Cast on 52 stitches. Knit 2, purl 2 for 12 inches. Sew up, leaving 2 inch space for thumb 3 inches from top. No. 3 bone needles. One hank gray knitting yarn. The Sleeveless Jacket.—Cast on 80 stitches. Knit 2, purl 2 stitches for four inches. Knit plain until sweater measures 23 inches. Knit 28 stitches, bind off 24 stitches for neck. Knit 28 stitches. Knit 10 rows on each shoulder, cast on 24 stitches. Knit plain for 19 inches. Purl 2, knit 2 stitches for 4 inches. Sew up sides, leaving 9 inches for armholes. No. 5 celluloid needle. Three-fourths pound gray knitting yarn.—By Sarah Comstock of the Vigilantes. PAGE TWO OWNERS AND DIRECTORS Dan M. Jackson Gregory David A. McGowan Ahmed A. Rayner Complete line of Funeral Goods. C We are the largest manufacturers of Cotton with each Hair. Our latest book showing new styles in hair dressing out free. Every color of man should have one. We sell thou- sands our hair and toilet articles. Sat- tification guaranteed or money back. We make the best solid Brass STRAIGHT- ENING combs, with extra heavy back, fully fREE. With each combs, FREE. Send money order or stamp. MONEY BACK IF NOT SATISFACTORY. 83c. postpaid. CHILDISH MODES. How to Gown the Little Girl In the Summer Time. Many of the style ideas for the elders fit into childish requirements very effectively, and modish materials and colorings appeal to the maker of children's clothes, although, of course, many of the loveliest stuffs are totally inappropriate for young folk. For the very small girls white is the accepted thing, and perhaps there is no great variety or novelty within the necessarily circumscribed limitations, but as soon as the little lady graduates into colors her wardrobe begins to offer more variety, if not greater daintiness. There are mothers who dress their daughters entirely in white even beyond the years of babyhood—white plaque, white linen, white wool, white lawn, batiste and mull—and the fad is a pretty one, but impractical for any whose purse is not well filled. Practical little dresses in serviceable plaque and linen are appearing in an almost inexhaustible supply, and many of them attain a certain dressy air, the style being in their hue and fineness of their details, for simplicity is the watchword here as elsewhere in the sphere of tasteful child clothing. Many of these frocks of linen or plaque are made on straight lines, having a narrow belt of the material or patent leather, fitting the figure loosely and placed at a low waist line. There are also many frocks made on the one piece Russian lines. Semilimilitary effects in embroidery and buttons, such as have been used for certain smart blouses designed for grownups, are introduced with excellent effect down the fronts of some little one piece frocks in white plique or heavy white linen, and pretty jumpers of linen or plique have front embroidered panels. The Eton jacket or bolero model is always more or less a favorite idea with designers of children's garments, and this spring there are many frocks for the small girl as well as for older folks made with jaunty short bolero. The little maid must have her barrel pockets, like everybody else. An attractive flapper coat from Lanvin is made of blue serge cloth, with over collar and revers of white faille matinee silk, stitched in rows with blue sewing silk matching the blue serge cloth. The belt buttons at either side, and below the buttons hang the huge barrel pockets, which stand well out from the coat and give a smart bulging line. FLOWER FADS. The Snapdragon Is Coming Into Fashion Just Now. Fashions change even in flowers. There was a time when the fuchsia was all the rage. Then the dahlia had a time of immense popularity, and hundreds of new varieties were on the market. Then came the turn of the chrysanthemum, but as it needed a house and a lot of attention it was soon left to the specialist, like the orchid. Then came the great sweet pea boom. Anybody who had a garden at all filled it with sweet peas, and new varieties were called after every imaginable person of note on earth. Now there is a new star—the snapdragon. People used rather to despise this flower. But, lo, the expert has taken notice of it, and it has suddenly become the rage. If the seed pods are nipped off they put out new shoots, which bear flowers until one imagines they are, like Tennyson's brook, going "on forever." OPEN DAY AND NIGHT Automobles for hire Saved the Waste. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, JUNE 9, 1917. FOR YOUNG FOLKS Sleepy Time Story About a Useful and Handsome Bird. THE DROP OF MAGIC BLOOD. How It Came to Ornament the Crest of a Little Foathered Friend of Mankind—Battle Between the Knight and the Wicked Wizard. Tonight, said Uncle Ben to Little Ned and Polly Ann I am going to tell you about— THE WOODPECKER. The woodpecker bores right through the bark of trees to get at the bugs that otherwise might injure them. You have often admired doubtless the gay little crest on the woodpecker's beak. He is not only a faithful worker, but a handsome fellow. There is a story about the woodpecker that may please you. The first woodpecker, according to the fairy stories, had some gifts that other woodpeckers seem to have lost. For instance, he could talk with man. He wished very much to be friendly with the human race. It happened that near the home of the woodpecker there lived a fierce wizard. His castle was in the middle of a big black swamp, and whenever he walked abroad his breath poisoned every one whom he chanced to meet. Many brave men went out to meet the wizard, but no one was able to fight against him. Whenever a stranger came along the wizard would blow his poisoned breath and kill him. One day a knight, a very brave soldier, began to fight the wicked old wizard. He shot once, he shot twice, but still his arrows failed to do harm. The wizard hooted and laughed at the knight's poor marksmanship. The arrows glanced off the wizard's skin as if it were steel. At last the knight had only three arrows left. He had vainly sent several dozen at the wizard. He was almost ready to give up, which would have meant his death, for the bad wizard would then have certainly killed him. Suddenly a wee small voice called down to the knight: "His heart is too hard to pierce. Shoot your arrows at his forehead." The knight looked up, and, lo, it was the friendly woodpecker who had spoken. After thanking the bird the knight fitted an arrow to his bow and sent it straight at the wizard's head. It gashed the flesh, and the blood began to flow. A second time the knight shot, and the arrow went still deeper. At the third shot the wizard fell dead. Then the knight called the little woodpecker down from the tree. A drop of blood from the wizard's forehead fell upon his feathers—right on top of his head. It was magic blood, and ever since all birds of his family had red head feathers. Boy Scout Farmers. More than 2,000 boy scouts of Washington, D. C., recently mobilized and marched with rakes and hoes over their shoulders to a tract of 300 acres in East Potomac park, which their Uncle Sam had donated to them for a monster vegetable garden. As they marched past the White House thus "in battle array" they were reviewed by the president and War Secretary Baker. Dame Nature's New Suit. Dame Nature is out In her gayest of clothes Of emerald green, With a touch of the rose. Her gown is the daintiest Ever was seen, With its billowy ruffles Of feathery green. —Philadelphia Record. Almonds growing on the tree have hard green shells. If they are allowed to ripen naturally this shell dries, bursts open and drops the fruit upon the ground. A Young Patriot. The little patriot here pictured has been very much interested in soldiers and the flag since she saw a company SALUTE Photo by American Press Association. TRUE TO THE FLAG. of soldiers marching along the street with flags flying and band playing. Now she is out every pleasant day with her flag. Her name is Bertha Harris, and she lives in the Bronx, New York city. SUMMER FROCK. Neat Model For Morning Wear at Home. THE WOMEN'S WEEKLY BASILY MADE. Blue and white striped voile cleverly used so the stripes intersect each other on the waist gives an attractive frock for simple uses. White voile is used for collar, cuffs and the end of the platted apron front. ABOUT ROSES. The Soils and Fertilizers That Best Suit Free Bloomers. Prepared by the U. S. department of agriculture. THE roses classed in the lawn and border group are adapted to a wide range of soil conditions and may be counted on to succeed in any but extremely heavy or very sandy soils. Many of them will do well even on such soil types. The principal essentials are thorough drainage and a plentiful supply of organic matter, with a reasonably constant water supply during the growing season. In general, a soil capable of growing good garden or field crops is suitable for roses. The deeper the soil and the better the preparation at the beginning the more satisfactory will be the results. The best fertilizer for roses is rotted cow manure, though any other well rotted manure or good compost will serve the purpose. Fresh manure, especially horse manure, should be avoided, though if no other manure is available it may be used with extreme care. It must not come in direct contact with the roots when planting, nor should any quantity of it be used immediately beneath the plant to cut off direct connection with the subsoll and the water supply. Of the commercial fertilizers ground bone is excellent as additional food. It will not, however, answer as a substitute for an abundant supply of compost. Cottonseed meal, where it is cheap enough, may be used as a substitute for bone. Wood ashes are sometimes a helpful addition, or when they are not available lime and muriate of potash may be used and should be applied separately. Rose growers having only sandy soils should make more frequent applications of manure than those dealing with the heavier soils, since the organic matter burns out more rapidly in a soil rich in sand. Your Figure. One hears a great deal about the "perfect 36" and it really isn't 36 at all. Here are the alleged measurements: Neck, 13½ inches; bust, 37 inches; waist, 26 inches; hips, 40 inches. The length of the skirt from the waist line to the floor is 42 inches. The perfect 36 should measure 19½ inches inside the sleeve measure. The line down the back from the base of the collar to the waist line should be 15½ inches. These figures are for the average, but the measurements, of course, can vary. For instance, the perfect 36, according to tailors and dressmakers, range from 36 to 38 inches, although 37 is the ideal. Seventy-five per cent of women are below the 36 standard, and most of the rest are over. This is because they have permitted their muscles to become flabby and loose from lack of exercise and have either taken on weight or lost it. FEEDING TODDLERS Menus For Two and Three Year Olds In Summer. BEST INTERVALS FOR MEALS. Expert Points About Regularity, Combinations of Foods and Balance of Growth Builders For the Small Members of Your Family. [Prepared by Ohio state department of health.] After the first year a child should in most cases have three regular meals a day. Two very light lunches, one in the morning and one in the afternoon, may be permitted in certain cases. The hours would be breakfast at 6 a. m., lunch at 10 a. m., dinner at 12 m., lunch at 3 p. m. and supper at 6 p. m. Some children never need the light lunch between meals, and it should be abandoned if not required. When used the single small glass of milk or milk and a bit of cracker is all that the child requires. The hours for meals should be scrupulously observed, as it is of prime importance that the food be given at regular intervals and that the hours of rest between the taking of food be sufficiently long to give the stomach an opportunity to recuperate after its last period of work. Proper habits at the table are not merely a matter of courtesy. Food should be properly chewed, because it can only be properly digested in the normal length of time under such conditions. Milk.—Remember that during this period milk is the chief article of a child's diet, and for this reason the mother should know her dryman and be sure that she buys the best and cleanest milk available. Cereals.—Cereals form another large portion of the diet. They must be very thoroughly cooked, the fireless cooker being the easiest and best means of preparing them satisfactorily. Oatmeal, the heaviest of the cereals, should not be used in large quantities. Farina, cornmeal and rice may all vary the diet. The dry cereals are often appetizing, but their food value is small except for the milk or cream which is used with them. Meats.—Meat should be very sparingly used. A small scraped beef patty, using a tablespoonful of meat, a bit of mutton stew or white meat of chicken, if very finely divided may be used. Never should more than one feeding of meat a day be given, and eggs are to be substituted for meat with very little children. Fruits.—Thoroughly stewed or chopped fruits are permissible. Baked apples, apple sauce, stewed prunes or dates may be given. Orange and lemon juice are both invaluable. Orange juice is used to advantage each morning. Bananas are prohibited. Vegetables.—Spinach, lettuce, string beans, peas and carrots, if given in finely mashed or strained fashion, may be used; also macaroni and cauliflower. Be careful not to overcook cauliflower, as it may be made pasty and indigestible. Breads.—Breads should never be fresh. Zwieback and toast are the forms in which they should be used. Crackers may be given in moderate quantities if they are plain kinds. Desserts.—Junket, custard, chocolate blancmange and simple gelatin if homemade may be used as desserts at this age. Remember quantities should be small, variety is very desirable and that the child's taste should be catered to to a certain degree. Children must be taught to eat the different kinds of food, and this is often difficult, but may frequently be accomplished if a special favorite is withheld until the one which is distasteful has been eaten. FRUITY MODEL A Knockabout Hat on the Modish Lines. A tall brimmed sailor of novelty hemp straw is trimmed with percen- THE WORLD'S FINEST HAT FOR MORNINGS. dicular strips of narrow blue velvet ribbon. Running around the top of the crown are field strawberries so luscious that we are tempted to eat them. dicular strips of narrow blue velvet ribbon. Running around the top of the crown are field strawberries so luscious that we are tempted to eat them. Helpmate of the MostActiveEvangelist Alive After Experiences All Over the United States Mrs. Sunday Thinks That Love of Display is the Greatest Sin of American Women. "I think the chief vice of American women is their love of display, putting on style to keep up with the other we man, buying clothes and furniture that they oughtn't to afford, entertaining more than they can afford, striving, striving. And there's no real satisfaction in it," says Mrs. Sunday. Mrs. Sunday was born near Chicago, but grew up in the city itself, when her father was a successful milk and ice cream dealer. "I was a Christian before I met Mr. Sunday," she explains, "and an enthilastic member of the young people's society in the church, but I was not what I should now call a spiritual gift. No, indeed, I wasn't anxious for Mr. Sunday to give up his ball playing and go into Christian work. I didn't advise him to go against God's will for when in the spring of 1801 he put it up to the Lord to get his release from the Philadelphia team, with whom he had signed up for three years, I wouldn't have cared if the release hadn't come. I had two babies by that time, and I knew what quinting ball and going into the Y. M. C. A. meant—it meant that he'd be every day and every evening too good. Mary Ann MRS. WILLIAM SUNDAY that I'd be at home alone wrestling with the housework and the ballet; also it meant less than half the ballet salary. However, I kept my mouth shut, and when the Philadelphia management suddenly and unexpectedly released Mr. Sunday in March of that year and he became religious work director of the central branch Y. M. C.A. in Chicago I had not a word to say against the change. I think wives ought to know and understand the details of their husbands' business and be able to give advice when advice is needed, but I think a woman ought to be mighty careful about urging her husband to do anything against the Lord's will. A good many wives by their extravagance force their husbands to make money their chief goal and interest in life. It's a mistake. A wife ought to be a helpmate and an spiration to a man, not a good to make money for her to spend." "Ma" Sunday is of that type of womanhood that backs its men folk to the end, be that end bitter or sweet, works like a horse when needed, cheers, admires, advises, defends. The idea of having any interests on earth separate from her husband's has never entered her head. Nobody can imagine what her whirlwind husband would do without her. They are rarely separated for an hour. She has not only stood back of him in every campaign, but shoulder to shoulder beside him. Nobody in all his vast audiences is ever more appreciative of his telling points than the plain, please ant faced woman with the snapping brown eyes who always sits behind him on the platform. And when he has hurled his last imaginary ball on over his audience, shrilled his final denunciation and from very exhaustion stopped with an abrupt "Good night!" that is curiously reminiscent (to ungenerate sinners who just will patrice vaudeville) of Harry Lauder "Gude nicht"—then he turns weary to her and mutters hoarsely, "Let's beat it ma!" And they beat it. Don't Frazzie Baby There are cross babies and happy babies, placid babies and nervous babies, ugly babies and smiling babies. The only difference between a baby with a mean disposition and the grown up person with a mean disposition is that the baby usually has a cause for his meanness which may be remedied. Although a cross baby is not always a sick baby, something is certainly wrong if a baby cries much of the time. Now and then there may be a baby that is cross because it does not receive too much attention. Nothing makes a baby more peevish than to be trotted around all day for the amusement of the family and part of the night for his own amusement. A baby tires very easily and, like his older relatives, he is usually cross when he is tired. American Citizens Seek Damages Aggregating $475,000,000. PILING UP PAST TWO YEARS. Mexico Will Readily Obtain Loan Through Influence of This Government as Soon as Investigations by Ambassador Fletcher Satisfy President Stable Government Exists. Washington. — Claims against the Mexican government from American citizens for loss of lives and property amount to $475,000,000, and those of foreign governments filed with 'the state department bring the total against the southern republic to more than $1,000,000,000. These claims have been piling up for the last two years, and it is believed those now presented to the state department represent about all of the valid ones. As a more stable government is established in Mexico American citizens and foreign governments are pressing their demands for payment. The situation is one of the utmost concern, not only to the United States, responsible to our citizens for the settlement of their claims against Mexico for loss of oil property, mines and lives, but also those of foreigners. As to claims of foreign governments, the [Name] Photo by American Press Association. HENRY P. FLETCHER United States has no legal concern, but has much as it assumed control over the situation under the Monroe doctrine it will exert its diplomatic influence to see that these claims are paid. American and English capital to the amount of $1,500,000,000 is invested in Mexico, and in the last three years the revolutions have damaged the mines and oil wells, in addition to piling up claims for the loss of lives of foreigners. Mexico needs money badly not only to begin payment on these claims, but to re-establish her domestic affairs. The new ambassador from Mexico to this country, Ignacio Bonillas, fully explained the financial needs of his country to President Wilson, when he was received here recently. Since then this government has been considering advancing a loan to Mexico. A member of the administration expresses the opinion; that Mexico will readily obtain a loan through the influence of this government as soon as investigations by Ambassador Fletcher satisfy President Wilson that a stable government exists. No other country will consider a loan to Mexico, and this government will not aid Mexico financially until a stronger government is set up. HE FEARED CONSCRIPTION. Worried Bridegroom Tries to Kill Wife and Himself. Middletown, N. Y.—Fearing he would be conscripted for war and that he would have to leave his seventeen-year-old bride, whom he married on Christmas day, Harry York, twenty-four years old, shot his wife, Anna May, in the head and then fired two bullets into his own brain. Ever since it had been announced that man between twenty-one and thirty might have to go to France York has worried about leaving his bride. She was reading the questions to be answered by those registering for the conscription aloud to him when he suddenly pulled a revolver and without a word shot his wife and himself. Wolf Pack Rounded Up. Okmulgice, Okla. — Twenty-one gray wolves, the largest pack reported in Oklahoma in years, was rounded up recently twelve miles northeast of Beggs, Okla., by J. A. Scott and Boyce Green. There were two old wolves and nineteen partly grown pups in the pack. Dogs ran the pack to earth, and the mother wolves killed two of the dogs before the hunters came up. The old wolves and several of the younger ones had to be killed before the hunters could take some of the pups alive. HERO MINUS LEG AND ARM SAVES GIRL, WINS A BRIDE HERO MINUS LEG AND ARM SAVES GIRL, WINS A BRIDE Maimed Expert Swimmer Snatches Miss King From the Surf. New York.—The loss of his left arm and left leg did not prevent Ludger Gagne, Jr., of 20 Wealand avenue, Boston, from being an expert swimmer or from saving Miss Louise King of 25 Salem street, Winchester, Mass., from drowning at Revere Beach last summer and eventually winning her for his bride. When twelve years old, just half his present age, Gagne's swimming and diving records were considered marvelous. Then he fell beneath the wheels of a train and lost a leg and an arm. After his wounds had healed and although Boston harbor was full of whitecaps and storm signals were set he swam without trouble to Boston light, six miles out. Gagne was talking to a life guard at Revere Beach last summer when cries for help came from the water. A girl was struggling a considerable distance from shore. Gagne reached the girl first. She was Miss King. Gagne and Miss King became engaged. Her parents favored the match, but advised the young couple to wait until Louise was twenty-one. They vetoed the suggestion, however, and were married by Deputy City Clerk Cruise in the municipal building chapel, this city. NEBRASKA'S CONVICTS MAY GO TO THE FRONT They Are to Be Drilled In Tactics by the Warden In the State Penitentiary. Lincoln, Neb.—The state penitentiary is to be turned into a military garrison for a part of each day, and the state's prisoners will become soldiers if necessary. Warden Fenton has decided on military drill for practically all the convicts as soon as sham wooden guns can be made. Prison Secretary O'Connell, a member of the First Nebraska regiment in the Spanish-American war, will be drillmaster in chief. Should the war with Germany reach such a stage as to become a drain on the citizens of the country Warden Fenton believes the younger prison inmates may be called to the front. He says he is adopting the military drill as one of preparedness. The warden will himself take the training with his charges, and if the convicts are summoned to war he will offer his services. He is popular with the men, and they say they would want no better leader. Many have expressed their eagerness to enlist—three-quarters of them—the prison authorities say. There are about twenty former soldiers and sailors in the prison, and these are expected to act as aids to Secretary O'Connell in teaching the war game. The warden says he will see to it that the men lack nothing in knowledge. He has issued a call to the three cooks in the prison that they show their patroltism by complying with the request of President Wilson with respect to wasting of foods. The penitentiary farm is to be enlarged materially. HOARDING IS UNPATRIOTIC. Boston Man Says Those Who Lay Up Food Are Traitors. Boston.-Henry B. Endicott, executive manager of the Massachusetts committee on public safety, issued a statement asserting that the person who hoarded money and large quantities of provisions for an indefinite period "should be pointed out as a traitor to his country and to his fellow men." "Certainly nothing could be further from patriotism or helpfulness to other people," he said, "than for a set of men who have money and credit to selfishly purchase an unusual amount of supplies for themselves and by so doing inflict upon their less wealthy neighbors the burden of unnecessarily high prices." Food Grown Along Railroads Durham, N. C. — Vegetable gardens bordering the railroad tracks is a new idea in North Carolina to add to America's food supply in the world war. The Durham and Southern railway, owned principally by the Dukes, wealthy New York tobaccoists, has offered its right of way for planting. It has furthermore offered free seed to encourage the growers. FINDS WEDDING RING LOST FOR SEVEN YEARS Wilmington, Del. — It is not only the proverbial bad penny that frequently turns up, as is proved by the case of a long lost wedding ring. Seven years ago Mrs. Frank Carey of 1802 Glipin avenue lost her wedding ring in the yard of the house in which she was then living. Recently it was returned to her by the present occupant of the house, who discovered it while planting flowers. THE BROAD AX. CHICAGO. JUNE 9. 1917. Will Build Up Lines of Traffic In France. NINE REGIMENTS CALLED. They Will Be Part of Regular Force, and at Head of Each Regiment as Colonel Will Be Engineer Officer of Army—Construction Will Be Main Work. New York.—Need for expert railroad men to repair the lines in France is so pressing that an urgent call has been sent out by the railroads war board to the various roads of the country for assistance in organizing nine regiments of railroad men to go at once to France. They will be a part of the regular army, and at the head of each regiment as colonel will be an engineer officer of the army. The plans of the board call for five construction regiments, one shop or repair regiment and three operating regiments. Construction will be the main work of the men sent over, but the repair and operating needs are hardly immediate. A notice sent out by the railroads war board says: "The French railways are badly run down. They need more or less complete rehabilitation. France has no men who can be spared for this work. She wants all her men at the front. Before we can train men to go into the trenches we can supply France's railroad wants, and we can do it practically immediately. Any men we send over must be soldiers, so it will be necessary for the railroad forces to enter the army. "We propose to make up five construction regiments of six companies each to do this rehabilitation. Each regiment will have an engineer officer of the United States army as colonel and another officer from the army as an adjutant. The other officers will be made up of railroad men, except that the commissary will be provided by the United States army. Each lieutenant colonel will be a chief engineer of a railroad or some one else of similar experience. The captains will be taken from the engineers of maintenance of way, the lieutenants from supervisors or road masters and the noncommissioned officers from track and bridge foremen. The privates will be track laborers. "The pressing need just now is for officers for these regiments. They will require five chief engineers, thirty engineers of maintenance of way, ninety supervisors or road masters, sixty track foremen and thirty bridge foremen. Each company will have 150 track laborers and fourteen bridge carpenters as privates. "The next important requirement of the French railways is for shop forces. They are short of men to repair their locomotives. It is proposed to organize a shop regiment, to be made up the same way as the construction regiments, except that the lieutenant colonel will be a superintendent of motive power, the captains will be master mechanics, the lieutenants will be shop foremen and the noncommissioned officers gang foremen. The rest of the company will be made up of boilermakers, machinists, blacksmiths and their helpers." TOY GUNS POPULAR. Modeled After Anti-aircraft Weapons Used by Zeppelins. Washington.—Teddy bears and miniature anti-aircraft guns are by far the most popular toys in Great Britain, says Consul Wilson in a report from London to the United States bureau of foreign and domestic commerce. Teddy bears have always been more or less popular, but recent events seem to have created a greatly increased demand for this toy. The toy guns are modeled after the anti-aircraft guns which were brought into prominence by the visits of the Zeppelins. Toys that find the most ready sale are those of a military character. NEW FORM OF "CON" GAME. Two Inches of Butter Spread on Sand Sold to Chicago Consumers. Chicago, Ill.—A new form of confidence game has been practised with success here during the last few days. Several storekeepers and hospitals have reported to the police that they have purchased from agents tubs purporting to contain sixty pounds of butter, but have found when cutting into the tubs that the butter extended but one or two inches from the surface and that the rest of their purchase was sand. The tubs were sold for as high as $19.50, making the price of the butter in the neighborhood of $4 a pound. FAVORS DAYLIGHT SAVING. President, However, In Doubt as to Necessary Legislation. Washington.—President Wilson expressed his approval of the daylight saving plan to a delegation headed by Representative Borland of Missouri and Marcus Marks of New York, president of the National Daylight Saving association. The president told them the only question in his mind about legislation to carry it into operation was whether congress leaders would look upon it as war legislation, to which they have tacitly agreed to limit the session's activities. The subject will be taken up with the leaders. MAY EAT OAT BREAD. Swedes Ask Permission to Sell It Hunger Marches Continue. Stockholm—The Bakers' Association of Sweden presented a memorial to the state economic commission setting forth the difficulties of obtaining sufficient rye and wheat flour and asking the authorities to permit and to order them to use a certain proportion of oat or barley flour in bread. The bakers assert that the situation indicates with certainty that such a measure must be eventually resorted to and point out the advisability of doing it now instead of delaying until the time when the proportions of barley and oats must necessarily be greater than would be the case now. A body of female factory workers estimated at 5,000 marched recently in an orderly manner through southern and western Stockholm to the office of the largest local milk company, where they demanded a better distribution of milk and lower prices. Hunger demonstrations continue at various places in the kingdom. METEOR LIKE SEARCHLIGHT. Crashes Into Mountains and Illuminates Whole Valley. Bishop, Cal.—Illuminating the upper Owens valley for half a minute like a searchlight in the skies, a meteor of extraordinary size and brilliancy fared across from east to west one night and brought up against the high Sierra Nevada. There was a crash that could be heard for miles when the foreign body hit the mountain side far above the floor of the valley. It sounded like the impact of a projectile from a great gun against a fort. Residents were startled by the passage of the mighty streak of blue-white fire through the darkness and again by the loud explosion that followed contact with the granite range which stopped it. Then followed a tumbling of dislodged stones not far from the camp of the Round Valley Tungsten company. MORGAN ON PATROL DUTY. Financier's Son Assigned to Ship. Young Iselin Also Enrolls. New York.-Junius Spencer Morgan, son of J. P. Morgan, who recently received an ensign's commission in the naval coast defense reserve, was called into active service and assigned to duty on a coast patrol boat. Ensign Morgan has always been interested in boats and sailing. Last summer he shipped as an ordinary seaman on the U. S. S. Maine for the civilian training cruise. Adrian Iselin 2d, son of C. Oliver Iselin, who has sailed many cup defenders to victory, enrolled in the naval reserve as chief boatswain's mate. Paul Nevin, son of the late Ethelbert Nevin, called at the naval reserve offices to enroll. Mr. Nevin came from Tulsa, Okla. As a member of the civilian crew of the Maine last summer he made a record in gunnery. DOG ADOPTS COYOTES. Takes Four Into Her Charge on a Ranch. Santa Ana, Cal.—Four coyote pups have been adopted by a mother dog on the ranch of Arthur Pefley, north of Santa Ana. The coyotes were found in the foothills back of El Modena by Virgil Pritchard, a high school boy, whose dogs fought off the mother coyote while Virgil got away with the little coyotes, Clarence Pefley had a dog with two puppies. The four strangers were put on the ground near the mother and the puppies, who were busily engaged in partaking of a meal. Rather bewildered, the coyotes crept to the mother dog. The dog eyed the coyotes, then when they approached she began licking them, and soon the coyotes were just as busily engaged in eating as were their cousins. CHARLES P. TAFT 2D ENLISTS With Nine Yale Students Enters Artillery Service. New Haven, Conn.—Charles P. Taft 2d, son of William Howard Taft and a junior in Yale college, enlisted for the artillery branch of the regular army with nine other undergraduates. All the enlistments were of students who were under age for the reserve officers' training corps of the university and all had consent of their parents. The squad will go to Fort Myer, Va. The students who were enlisted with Taft were John M. Anderson, Jr., Cincinnati; Robert T. Ca尔斯, Overbrook, Pa.; George H. Henns, Jr., Derby, Conn.; John E. Fasick, Altoona, Pa.; Francis T. McNamara, Clinton, Mass.; Cyril B. Mosher, East Greenwich, R. I.; Albert H. Stackpole, Harrisburg, Pa.; H. S. Porter, Higganum, Conn.; Carl M. Thomas, St. Louis. DROWNS BATHING TOY. Child Fails From Claremont Boat Club's Float. New York.—In an effort to give her Teddy bear its first deep water bath Virginia Peterson, three and one-half years old, toppled from a float anchored off the Claremont Boat club, One Hundred and Eighth street and the North river, and was drowned. The child was a prime favorite with yachtmen along the North river and with her mother lived at the boat club, where the latter is employed as maid. Robert Harris of 201 West Twenty-sixth street recovered the body, but resuscitation was impossible even with a pulmotor. Seasoned Veterans to Be Under Colonel Doyen's Command. MAINLY FROM WEST INDIES. Colonel Doyen, Fifty-eight Years Old, Is Graduate of Naval Academy—He Has Seen Service In the Philippines and Orient and In Haiti and Santo Domingo. Washington.—A regiment of veteran United States marines, equipped as regular infantry, will go to France as part of Major John J. Pershing's command. There will be approximately 2,600 men in the regiment, probably the largest numerically that will be engaged on the western front. Colonel Charles A. Doyen, at present commandant of the United States marine barracks in this city, who has been in the service thirty-four years, will command this new American contingent. For the most part the marines will be taken from regiments now on duty in Haiti, Santo Domingo and Cuba. SIR JOHN HENRY BURTON Photo by American Press Association. COLONEL CHARLES A. DOYEN. This means that Secretary Daniels will send the pick of "sea soldiers" with General Pershing's command. Every marine in the contingent will be a veteran who has been frequently in action. The American marines have been characterized as the peer of any fighting force on earth. Colonel Doyen is a graduate of the Naval academy. He is fifty-eight years old, but remarkably active for a man of his years. He has seen service in the Philippines and the orient, in Haiti and Santo Domingo and in other places wherever marines have been in action. Secretary Daniels would give no inking as to when the big regiment will go across the Atlantic. This information will be in absolute secrecy, just as the departure of General Pershing and his staff and the force which is to follow them will be closely guarded by the military authorities. SCHEME TO BEAT U BOAT. Connecticut Man Would Corral Torpedoes With Magnet. Waterbury, Conn.-Fred Hemmings has invented a device to offset the danger of the torpedo in its attack from the submarine or otherwise. The device is an electric arrangement of great magnetic power attached to the side of the ship, which will attract the torpedo, bring it to the side of the ship attacked and then lift it to the deck without exploding it. Mr. Hemmings believes it is destined to revolutionize sea fighting and will make vessels practically immune from torpedo attacks. Lawrence Addicks, chairman of the naval board, is now considering its adoption for service. Theodore Roosevelt has congratulated Mr. Hemmings in a private letter. PLOWING DAY AND NIGHT. Tractors and Searchlights Used to Help Cayuga County Farmers. Help Cayuga County Farmers. Auburn, N. Y. The Cayuga County Home Defense league committee began intensive food production on the farms of the county by putting out tractors which will plow continuously day and night. Searchlights have been installed, and three crews will go with each machine, working in eight hour shifts. The committee charges farmers $2.50 per acre to plow and $3.50 an acre to plow and fit the land, which covers cost of operation and maintenance. PLAN HOW TO MAKE AN EGG WEIGH MORE Simple as adding two and two is the plan launched in Chicago by the American Poultry association to increase the nation's meat supply by 100,000,000 pounds in four months. Raise chickens, is the answer. Lone egg doesn't weigh much, but in four months it can be transformed into a chicken weighing three pounds. PAGE THIRD FARM HANDS GET $45 A MONTH, WITH BOARD That's in South Dakota, Where Bumper Crops Are Predicted. Sioux Falls, S. D.—Because of a shortage of farm hands it has become necessary in many parts of South Dakota for the women and boys of the households and even the girls to work in the fields. So the farmers and their wives and children are hard at work putting in what is believed to be the greatest acreage of spring wheat in the history of the state. With the prospect that prices for foodstuffs will continue high during the war the farmers have decided to increase their crop acreage. With a favorable season South Dakota will produce this year the greatest crop of foodstuffs in its history. The residents of towns are preparing to have larger vegetable gardens than ever before, so there is every indication that the state will make a new record in crop production this year. Farm hands ready for work demand from $35 to $45 a month and board, and in many instances the farmers pay these prices. Only a few years ago good farm hands could be had from $12 to $20 a month and board, and those who received the higher figure were the envel of their fellows. NATIVES LOOTED SHIP DRIVEN IN BY A U BOAT Battle Between Crew and Beach Combers, During Which One of Latter Was Killed. New York.—Driven by pitless "tigers of the sea" into the clutches of equally pitless human tigers lurking along the beaches of northern Spain was the fate of the officers and crew of the schooner Phineas W. Sprague, the captain and chief officer of which vessel arrived in an American port on board a passenger liner from Cadiz. According to Captain F. A. Jarvis, the Sprague was pursued by a German U boat while coasting through the bay of Biscay and was forced to seek refuge inside the three mile limit. There the vessel was caught by a treacherous current and thrown on the beach near Carbonares, Spain. No sooner did the residents of that part of King Alfonso's domain see that the schooner was helpless, declares the captain, than they boarded the vessel in droves and commenced to loot her. A battle between the crew of the schooner and the beach crews ensued, during which one of the latter was killed. The Sprague was a total loss. On board the same vessel which brought Captain Jarvis and his chief officer back to this country were several other survivors of submarine disasters, including Captain Phillip H. Johnson and twenty-one men of the steamship Zward and five men from the schooner Edwin R. Hunt, both of which were destroyed by U boats. OWL MAKES TOWN DARK. Alights on Electric Wire, Damaging Lighting Service. Durham, N. C.—A few nights ago about 9:30 o'clock the electric lights of Morgantown, N. C., began flickering and finally went out. It was later discovered that a little insignificant screech owl was the cause of the trouble, losing its life as a forfeit for attempting to alight on an insulator. The bird was shown on the streets of the town. Its wings were scorched from tip to tip and its body was burned by contact with the live wire. When the owl alighted on the insulator the current was started racing to the ground, and the insulator burst. The line wire was burned in two, and when it fell the current was cut off automatically at the switching station. BREEZE GOT THE MONEY. Any One May Keep Three One-Dollar Bills if He Finds Them. Wichita, Kan.-The wind blew fretfully the other day in Wichita. Mrs. Sam Sanders of Whitewater, who had been shopping, did not close her pocketbook securely, and at the corner of Main street and Douglas avenue a five dollar bill and three one-dollar bills were blown out. They rose high in the air, and John Young, a police captain, and others went in pursuit. A block away a negro overtook the "five." The others had disappeared. Taking the "five" to Mrs. Sanders, he returned it, with a bow. "Thank you," said she. "You can have the others if you find 'em." DRAFT SONS TO FARM. Fathers Plan Land Purchase to Exempt Boys From Army. Washington.—Casting about for ways to keep their sons, who are a little over twenty-one, out of the army, two rich men in upper New York state have written to Representative Charles B. Smith to know if they purchased farms and put their boys on them would not that exempt their sons from the draft. They proposed to make their sons superintendents of the farms and thus entitled to exemption, they thought, as "agriculturista." At the war museum it was said that this ruse would not get very far, as neighbors could be depended upon to expose it. 1910 M. HON. THOMAS CAREY. President of the Carey Brick Company Mayor of Ch President of the Carey Brick Company who is willing to enter the race for Mayor of Chicago in 1919. President of the Carey Brick Company who is willing to enter the race for Mayor of Chicago in 1919. THE NEW IDLEWILD HOTEL CORNER OF 33rd AND WABASH AVE. WILL THROW ITS DOORS OPEN TO THE PUBLIC JUNE 15th, UNDER THE MANAGEMENT OF B. F. MOSELEY. Chicago is the most rapidly growing city in the world and the second largest, and the most important city in the United States for the Colored people, and is rapidly becoming more so. Notwithstanding this fact, there has not been a first class hotel for the accommodation of first class Colored people in the City of Chicago, which is probably on account of the difficulty in securing suitable property, in a desirable location for such a hotel. At one time, Colored people who visited Chicago and who lived here permanently, and desired the best hotel accommodations were welcomed at the larger hotels maintained in the loop district, but of recent years in Chicago and many other cities this has not been the case, and Colored people when visiting Chicago, have found great inconvenience in finding hotel accommodations, under proper environment and surroundings. This has greatly inconvenienced the leaders of the race and been one of the principal drawbacks, when Chicago was under consideration as a convention city for the many important meetings of the Colored people throughout the United States. Fortunately, this situation no longer exists, due to the untiring efforts of Mr. Beauregard F. Moseley, who has probably done as much or more for the race than any other Colored citizen of Chicago. Mr. Moseley attacked this task with his usual energy and ability, and has at last succeeded in securing the Germania Hotel, situated at 50 E. 33rd St., cor. Wabash ave., and this hotel will open under Mr. Moseley's active management on or about June 15th, as the "Idlewild Hotel." A first class hotel for first class people, this being one of the best known hotels on the South Side, and being an ideal location for a first class hotel for Colored people, having very pleasant surroundings, and the best transportation facilities of any hotel outside of the loop district. This hotel has about one hundred (100) rooms with electric lights, bath, and a telephone in every room, and has elevator service. In fact, has every convenience that is found in any of the modern hotels. On the main floor there is a large and spacious dining room, well lighted, and it is needless to say that under the able leadership and management of Mr. Moseley, that this will become the leading, or one of the leading Colored hotels in the United States. Every man, woman and child in Chicago who has race pride, is requested, and undoubtedly will, become a booster for this institution, as it is a race effort, and not the effort of an individual who proposes to make money at the expense of the race, but an effort to lift the race, and to furnish them the same accommodations as are furnished other people, and to do something in Chicago that will not make us ashamed when we invite our women, children, preachers and leading professional men to this city; an institution that will be above suspicion and question, and where all the modern conveniences will be found at a moderate cost, and the people who are back of this proposition will regard it as such, as it is the only race effort of the year which has been put forward --- PAGE FOUR by our people that deserves their united support, and on account of the necessity for such an institution and on account of the activities of the gentlemen who are back of it, we again will make the prediction, that this will be the leading, or at least one of the leading Colored hotels in the United States, and will serve as an example for other cities in a similar predicament as Chicago has been for a number of years last past. You are invited to call after June 15th, and bring your wife, sister or sweetheart. ALL ARE WELCOME—"C. L." WORK FOR STATE, BUT KEEP RIGHT ON AS BURGLARS. Three "Trust" Witnesses Caught Stealing Sent Back to Joliet. On the eve of the trial of the "burglary trust" which will soon be on before Judge Fitch, three of State's Attorney Hoyne's witnesses were arrested and taken back to Joliet. They were charged with breach of parole. While they have been doing business in the day time with the state's attorney's office in connection with prosecutions of police graft, they have been spending the nights blowing safes, carting away clothing goods, or running "con" games, according to representations made to the parole commission. Confessions of Harry Green and Morris Kleiman, made to Attorney Patrick H. O'Donnell, describing burglaries in which some of the state's witnesses took part while on parole, were filed with the parole commission. The confessions, as submitted by Mr. O'Donnell, assert that the witnesses were getting protection from the state's attorney's office. The men sent back to the penitentiary are: Isador Wexler, burglar; Morris Mendelson, burglar; Abe Frank, "con" man. Nathan Steinberg, another state's witness, was returned to Joliet previously. Green was released from the penitentiary in January, 1916. The first burglary committed, he says, was with Steinberg, who was on parole following his activities in the trial of former Police Capt. Storen and Kleiman. They robbed a store on Division street, near Robey, and sold the goods to a man named Goodman for $135. He said that Steinberg, by promising to procure another witness against Attorney O'Donnell and Attorney Charles E. Erbstein, who were being prosecuted for subnation of perjury in the police graft cases, was able through State's Attorney Hoyne to get a shoplifter under sentence free. Steinberg had been living with her, according to Green. The next job listed in the confession was the Mentenbaum clothing store on Twelfth street near Union street. Clothing was sold to Goodman for $800. Green says that Steinberg took more money to the state's attorney's office. The defendants in the "burglary trust" case are Nathan Steinberg, said to be king of the trust, who is now in Joliet; Kee Kiminsky, Mike Mendelson, Morris Mendelson, Green, and Kleinman. Attorney O'Donnell is representing Green and Kleinman, who will plead guilty, according to Mr. O'Donnell. It is expected that another bitter controversy between Attorney O'Donnell and the state's attorney's office Three Back to Joliet. Clothing Store Looted. will be fought in the trial of the "burglar trust." It seems from the above statement on the part of the Hon. Mr. Green that the Hon. Mr. Steinberg is an old pal of some one highly connected with the State's Attorney's office who dearly loves to come in contact with some dead easy money. OPPOSES ENLISTING THE CULOUS. National Association Warns Threatened Danger to New New York, June 4.—Arouse ports that a history of tubercle even the existence of the d KEEP CHICKENS AT HOME. Gardens are a fine thing in any community. So are chickens. But the two do not seem to go well together. As a matter of fact, gardens can thrive without chickens and chickens can thrive without gardens. But when chickens have access to gardens, the gardens suffer. This year more than any other for many years past, the people of Chicago are turning their attention to vacant lot gardening. At the same time too, keeping in mind the high price of eggs and poultry for the last year, a great many people in Chicago are starting back yard poultry farms. And in order to give their chickens some chance for air, exercise and run, the chicken raisers are allowing their fowls to run at large, much to the detriment and devastation of nearby garden plots. As a result of this state of affairs, the Department of Health is in receipt of numerous complaints from the people who have started vacant lot or back yard gardens, that they are being overrun, devastated and destroyed by their neighbor's chickens. And coupled with these complaints, as a rule is the query: "What are we to do? The city has urged everybody to plant gardens. But if we go to the trouble of having soil plowed and then we plant and cultivate the same, are we doing this simply to feed our neighbor's chickens or to provide something in the way of table vegetables for our own families?" Both the complaints and queries are timely and well founded. In answer to these inquiries the Department of Health can do no better than call attention to section 1967 of the Municipal Code, which provides, "that no person shall permit the running at large within the limits of the city, except within enclosed places on private property, of poultry, chickens, hens, turkeys, ducks, geese and other like fowl; and the same is hereby declared to be a common nuisance and the same is hereby prohibited." The penalty for a violation of this section of the Code is a fine of not more than $10.00 for each offense. There can be no question that it is neither fair nor neighborly for any citizen to permit his fowls or poultry of any description to destroy a neighbor's property. Of course, there may be ways of dealing with this question, based upon individual initiative other than that suggested by the section of the Code, above quoted. It is perfectly clear that the proper way for the aggrieved garden owner is to complain to the city authorities and have the offending chicken owner hailed into court and be compelled to comply with the law. Of course, it is understood that a procedure of this kind is likely to be much delayed and long drawn out; pending a decision, the garden spot so infested may be utterly ruined or the garden products ripened, gathered and disposed of before the courts would reach a final adjudication. The chicken and garden question seems to be a good deal like the shaking and beating of rugs on back porches. The real, practical solution of it lies in a proper neighborly spirit of refraining from doing the things that would harm your neighbor; in seeing to it that your neighbors on either side should have no cause to complain of your doing the things that do them harm. It is certainly a fact that where gardens grow and chickens have access, the chickens will scratch and play sad havoc with garden products. It is none the less true that people who have chickens should be protected in their rights, just the same as people that have gardens should be protected in theirs. There is, however, this difference; the gardens cannot go to the chickens, but the chickens, if turned loose, certainly will go to the gardens; for the reason that chickens know a good thing when they see it. SIX COLORED AMONG 200 DENTAL GRADUATES. Special—At the commencement exercises of the College of Dental and Oral Surgery of New York, which ended last Tuesday, at Carnegie Hall, the degree of Doctor of Dental Surgery was conferred on 200 candidates. Among them were six Colored, Drs. Pottinger and Hanson, from Howard University, and Clifton A. Norman, Louis Corbin, Chauncey F. Levy and Eugene C. Williams. DANCE AND AID THE CHILDREN. The Children's Aid will give a dance Thursday, June 14th, at Drexel Hall, 40th and Cottage Grove ave. Good music. Come out and enjoy yourself. Admission twenty-five cents. OPPOSES ENLISTING THE TUBER-CULOUS. National Association Warns Against Threatened Danger to New Army. New York, June 4.—Aroused by reports that a history of tuberculosis or even the existence of the disease in some form will not be considered by some medical examiners as a bar to enlistment in the United States Army and Navy, the National Association for the Study and Prevention of Tuberculosis is urging upon federal authorities the importance of taking every possible precaution to prevent the spread of tuberculosis among enlisted men through the breaking down of afflicted persons or persons with a history of tuberculosis. Such cases, developing rapidly under the rigors of army life, constitute a serious menace to those who enter the ranks without infection. Resolutions to this effect have been sent to President Wilson, the Council of National Defense, and to the secretaries of War and the Navy. It is pointed out in the resolution that it has been the experience of the warring nations of Europe that cases of incipient and even moderately advanced tuberculosis are frequently unrecognized in the routine examination of recruits; and that inactive tuberculosis is frequently rendered active by the physical and mental strain and exposure of modern warfare. "The appalling prevalence of tuberculosis in the armies both in the field and in the concentration camps with the inevitable and widespread extension of the infection from these to the civilian population is the greatest of all health problems presented by the present war," it continues, "and the extreme gravity of the situation demands that the services of all the most highly trained men available be utilized most effectively for protection against the occurrence of conditions now prevailing in France and other countries." The Association recommends the enlistment by the Council of National Defense of the best available tuberculosis experts and agencies in the country for the following specific purposes: " (a) To make under the command of a ranking medical officer of the army corps repeated routine examinations and observation of recruits while in training and mobilization camps for the purpose of detecting any obscure tuberculosis lesions; " (b) To utilize and enlarge the existing sanatoria and hospitals of our country so that all cases of tuberculosis arising in our forces may be adequately cared for as near as possible to their own homes; “(c) To work out in co-operation with existing health authorities a definite, comprehensive and constructive program for adequate prevention and control of tuberculosis among the whole population.” THE MINSTREL SHOW AND DANCE OF THE CHICAGO WOMEN'S AMATEUR MINSTRELS FOR THE BENEFIT OF PROVIDENT HOSPITAL AT THE EIGHTH REGIMENT ARMORY WAS LARGELY ATTENDED AND IT WAS A GRAND SUCCESS. Wednesday evening, the third annual appearance of the Chicago Women's Amateur Minstrels, in the "Foolies" for the benefit of Provident Hospital, held forth at the Eighth Regiment Armory and the minstrel and dance was attended by, well on to two-thousand people. It was a financial success and the minstrel show, was greatly enjoyed and to say the least, the ladies proved themselves the equal of the men composing the Amateur Minstrel Club in providing an evenings entertainment of fun and pleasure, for the benefit of charity. The following are the officers and performers of the Chicago Women's Amateur Minstrels: Mrs. George Cleveland Hall, Interlocutor; Mrs. Richard B. Harrison, Musical Director; Mrs. Hazel Thompson Davis, Fancy Dances; Mrs. James Francis Lawson, Stage Manager; Albert Thomas, Electrician. Officers—Mrs. George Cleveland Hall, President; Mrs. Joseph Shoecraft, VicePresident; Mrs. David R. Lawrence, Recording Sec'y; Mrs. Theodore E. Jones, Cor. Sec'y; Mrs. Bertrand G. Jamieson, Treasurer. Performers—Mrs. Guy Allen, Mrs. Stanley Allen, Mrs. Carita Bronston, Mrs. Leroy Curry, Mrs. Hazel Thompson Davis, Mrs. George Cleveland Hall, Mrs. Dolly Smith Jennings, Mrs. James Francis Lawson, Mrs. Morris Lewis, Mrs. Marie Pate, Mrs. Dewitt Smith, Miss Elizabeth Clark, Miss Natalie Doxey, Miss Jewette Eggleston, Miss Mildred Grayson, Miss Ione Harris, Miss Marian Harrison, Miss Caro Lewis, Miss Gonzalas Porter, Miss Daisy Sampson, Miss Alma Saunders, Miss Blanche Shaw, Miss Jessie Smith, Miss Zenobia Taylor. Mr. and Mrs. Michael G. Walsh, have removed from 832 W. 50th Place to 5258 Emerald avenue. Moffett HON. HUGO PAM. One of the most honorable judges of the Superior Court of Cook County who will be re-elected to his present high position at the judicial election this coming November. Perhaps the most interesting colony of Negroes in America today is to be found in the State of Alabama, about three miles from the heart of Mobile. Here in a little town called Plateau, lives a group of nine weather-beaten, grizzled old men and women, the remnant of the last cargo of slaves brought to American soil from the coast of Africa. The youngest is entering on his seventy-sixth year; the oldest is not less than one hundred and ten; while just a few years ago one of their number died who had seen more than one hundred and forty years. They were brought to America in the summer of 1859. In '65 their emancipation came. For the next few years they were buffeted about by changing fortunes without any settled home. One among them, wiser than the rest, saw the dangers of their unsettled condition. Not owning their homes they could be turned out at any time, and, hiring themselves to strange masters in search of laborers, they might some day be carried off again into slavery, perhaps to Cuba or Porto Rico, for they learned that slavery still existed there. With such incentive behind them they selected a tract of land just outside Mobile, on Three-Mile Creek, and began the purchase of homes. As one goes over and about Plateau, he is struck with the appropriateness of the setting in which this African colony is to be found. About one-half the town is owned by Negroes; and of the property occupied by them, at least seventy-five per cent is owned by their own people. The largest single holding of land among them is between fifty and sixty acres. Another Negro landlord owns and rents about twenty houses. There are nine stores, of which seven are owned and operated by Colored men. The largest of them all is one of these seven and represents a volume of business amounting to more than $11,000 annually. — Southern Workman. NEGROES LYNCH TWO OF THEIR OWN RACE. Columbia, Miss., June 2.—One hundred Negroes and a few White men today lynched Pratt Hampton and Van Haynes, two Negroes, hanging them from a steel bridge. The two were taken from jail, where they were held on charges of murdering and robbing Reece Johnson, another Negro. The above item was the only interesting bit of news appearing in all the Sunday morning newspaper in this city last Sunday in relation to the Colored people.—Editor. DR. BLUNT'S RELEASE REFUSED. Federal Judge Carpenter has refused to issue a writ of habeas corpus for the release from the county jail of Dr. Arthur L. Blunt, recently convicted of selling narcotics to drug users. Judge Landis will hear the application. After his conviction Dr. Blunt was released on $30,000 bonds pending appeal. He was indicted again by the federal grand jury and was unable to give an additional bond of $15,000. The Rev. Elmer L. Williams has written an open letter to State's Attorney Hoyne in which he answers the prosecutor's recent statement that the cause of crime in Chicago is "tough salons, poolrooms, and politics in the administration of the criminal law," and places the blame for these conditions upon Mr. Hoyne. He charges that "there is no enforcement of criminal law against the worst element of Chicago. He cites as proof the present freedom of members of the clairvoyant trust, arson trust, burglary trust, wire trapping trust, and Eddie Mack, who engineered the mibery of the Washington Park National bank. "The remedy," writes the Rev. Mr. Williams, "is in this short form, Mr. Hoyne, which it is your duty to follow out: 'Open the doors of Chicago hotels where you house criminals at the county's expense and drive the criminals out. Close the doors of the Joliet penitentiary after you have driven the criminals in.'" To the above we say Amen! Amen! —Editor. PRESBYTERY WILL DISCUSS VENTION "COLOR LINE" The fuss created at the meeting of the general assembly of the Presbyterian church at Dallas, Tex., last month, when, it was alleged, a discrimination in the amount of money allowed for entertainment was made to the disadvantage of Negro commissioners, and when a big dinner was canceled by the board of ministerial pensions and relief because the hotel in which the dismer was to have been held refused to serve the Negro commissioners, will come up this coming Monday before the Chicago Presbytery as a special order. P. T. Tinsley, a Negro commissioner, contends he was allowed only $1.25 a day for entertainment, while White commissioners were allowed only a day. The meeting on Monday will discuss what form the protest of the Chicago Presbytery will take. The undersigned wishes to extend the most heartfelt thanks to the members of the Universal Lodge, No. 6 Masonic, to the members of the Appartmott Club to those who contributed the beautiful floral offerings, to Mr. Charles S. Jackson, funeral director, 3317 S. State Street; who performed his duties in the most skillful and business like manner and to all the other friends of my brother, the late Frank L. Hamilton, who administered to his wants and comforts during his long illness and passing away and to those who extended their sympathy and friendship to me on my sad mission. Monday, June 4, 1917. (Lovie Joe) J. H. Whiston, part owner of the Elite Cafe, No. 1, 3030 S. State street, has returned home from his pleasure trip from Los Angeles, Cal. CARD OF THANKS. 人 HON. MICHAEL ZIMMER One of the most popular citizens of the Cook C one of the most popular citizens of this city and the able Superintendent of the Cook County Hospital. one of the most popular citizens of this city and the able Superintendent of the Cook County Hospital. THE SPLENDID WORK OF THE CHILDRENS' AID SOCIETY OR CLUB. The work of the Childrens' Aid has been practical and helpful. They have applied the needs of all who applied. have given advice and help where neede- d. They have three children for ado- pment and will be glad to communicate with people who are willing to help in the work. The monthly meeting, Friday evening was well attended. Fourteen new cases for relief were reported, thirty families visited and two classes formed during the month. MORED DEMOCRAT GETS SMALL SLICE OF PIE. Richmond, Ky., June 4, Special—Prof. J. D. M. Russell, principal of the high school here has been appointed postmaster of Wilberforce, O. Prof. Russell owns land in Wilberforce and having been a life long Democrat was given the job through the efforts of Senator Beekham of Kentucky and Senator Pomerene of Ohio. The place pays $1,800 a year and under the new postal laws is a life time job. It is the only place of this kind and the biggest of any kind given the Colored people for the present administration. THE NEGRO FELLOWSHIP LEAGUE. The Negro Fellowship League will have a symposium on "What the Negro Should Do about the Memphis training and the East St. Louis Raceists," Sunday, June 19, 1017, 4 p. m. the Reading Room, 3005 S. State t. Discussion lead by C. E. Hansbern. You are cordially invited. Last Sunday the League has a most interesting discussion on "Mexican and for Negroes." Mr. F. R. Campell who had some fine photographs on the subject expects to give a stereoplan lecture very soon on the same object for the League. Bethel Literary Society will be addressed Sunday afternoon, June 10th, 11 p. p.m., by Honorable A. L. Williams. Subject: "Personal Injury and Compensation, as It Should Apply the Colored People." Attorney Williams is a very ableaker and everybody is invited toar him. Good music will be rendered. Dr. W. P. Cook, D.D., pastor; Sandy Trice, president; J. T. Weakley,retary. 2 NEGROES SEEK ENTRY TO OFFICERS' TRAINING CAMP. The war department announced saturday, that 322 applicants for commissions in the Negro officers' reserve cap to be held at Des Moines, Ia., I had received by the central department. Only 195 are available, but J. Paul B. Malone stated that the personnel of the camp was far from complete, as other sections of the coun- have been exceedingly slow in re-ending. The camp will train 1,250 n. BIRMINGHAM COLORED MAN BADLY STABBED. Birmingham, Ala., June 6.—(Spe-1)—Roger Powell, Colored, was --- ANNOUNCEMENT this city and the able Superintendent County Hospital. stabbed and seriously wounded, it is alleged by Thomas Jenkins, on Memorials Day. Powell ran from the house where he was stabbed until he reached Avenue A and Twenty-fourth street, where he fell, exhausted. Jenkins escaped. HOLY ROLLERS ARRESTED. Memphis, Tenn., June 6.—(Special.)—Two Colored women, giving their names as Martha McCoy and Mary Johnson, were arrested last night on South Wellington street by Officers Broadfoot and Bryant, on a charge of disorderly conduct. The women suffered the hallucination that "Jesus is coming to-day." They danced about the public station and shouted at the top of their voices. COLORED AUTOIST KILLS BOY OF 18 Hapeville, Ga., June 6.—(Special.)—Charlie Jones, Colored, is in the Fulton county jail, awaiting a hearing on the charge of manslaughter, following the killing of Hoke Smith Lee, a 12-year-old schoolboy of Hapeville, by an automobile driven by Jones. He is accused of violating Hapeville's speed limit. COLORED GIRL IS HONORED Decatur, Ill.—Miss Ivabelle Rogan has been selected to play a piano solo at the commencement exercises of the Decatur High School. This is quite an honor in this city. She is an accomplished musician and will make her mark in the musical world. Wanted a Studious Air. A certain widely known character of the Rialto appeared on Broadway the other day bearing a huge pair of tortoise shell glasses athwart his nose. "Didn't know you wore glasses," a friend told him in surprise. "I never have," he answered, "but I think they give me a studious air." "But don't they impair your sight?" persisted the other. "Oh, no," was the response. "I can see as well as ever when I look over the rims."—Exchange Albert, aged three and a half, had failed to respond to verbal reprimand, and at last his mother said: "If you don't behave you will have to be spanked. You would not like that, would you?" "I wouldn't like daddy to spank me," was the quick response. "Why not?" "He doesn't know how. He hurts." —Life. The Dentist—I'll have to charge you $2.50 for pulling that tooth. The Patient—I thought you charged 50 cents. The Dentist—Yes; but you yelled so loud you scared four other patients out of the place—New York Times. Tenacity. "Grain has been found clutched in the hands of an Egyptian mummy." "It beats all," commented the Chicago man, "how some of those speculators will hold on."—Washington Star. A Pedestrian Once More "I see Brown riding on the street car. I thought he owned an auto." "He does, but he made the mistake of teaching his wife to drive it."-Detroit Free Press. Our idea of an optimist is a farmer who thinks he could live happily in town on $40 a month.—Galveston News. Doesn't Know How. Restraint of Trade Tenacity. Real Optimism THE BROAD AX. CHICAGO. JUNE 9. 1917 The Length of Revolutions For its size and significance the Russian revolution was one of the quickest and least sanguinary on record. Six days practically saw the end of it, whereas more than three years elapsed between the storming of the Bastille and the proclamation of the French republic. It took six days of barricade fighting in 1830 to persuade Charles X. to abdicate, but Louis Philippe fled in 1848 after only two, though the subsequent state of siege lasted four months. England was ten years in establishing a commonwealth, and five weeks sufficed to convince James II. that French soil was healthier for him than English. The Italian wars of liberation occupied most of 1800, and the insurrection in which the Greeks deposed King Otho in 1862 was over in fourteen days. The quickest revolution on record was that of Portugal in 1910, which was over in a day.—London Observer. How the Horaefly Bites. When a horsefly alights on a horse he walks around looking for a tender spot, and this he finds with his hairy feelers. Then he cuts a hole with the scissors on each side of his central tubular tongue. An ordinary lead pencil cannot be sharpened to a point without sharpening the lead. So it is with the tubular end of this tongue-like extension of the horsefly, says the Popular Science Monthly. Nature has provided it with barbed, piercing "derrick ropes." The fly inserts these sharp points into the horse and then pulls back on them. The barbed hold, and the fly's tongue is forced down into the horse's flesh. But if the hole has already been made then it is not necessary for these elaborate tools to be taken from the sheath in which they are placed within the tongue or proboscis. The blood is sucked up by the tongue in practically the same way as by other forms of files. Inequality of Punishment by Fine Inequality of Punishment by Fine. An anomaly in our jurisprudence, limited, however, to the administration of criminal law, is the evil of allowing the purchase of immunity from punishment, writes Franklin Taylor in Case and Comment. A penalty is imposed with the alternative of paying a fine. The rich man pays and goes free. The poor man is imprisoned for not having the money. And even among those who can afford to thus purchase immunity the result is most unfair, because the punishment, instead of being commensurate with the degree of the offense, meets its severity according to the size of the defendant's pocketbook. To one man the amount is of no consequence, is not even a punishment. To another, because of his lowly position, a similar amount may mean weeks of toil, hardship, privation and suffering to himself and his dependents. China and the Tartara The Manchu Tartars, who conquered the early Chinese, have left the impress of their former manner of life upon many styles seen today in Chinese fashions of clothing. For instance, the official coats, as seen in China at the present time, are made with very peculiar sleeves, shaped like a horse's leg and ending in what is an unmistakable hoof, completely covering the hand. These are known as horseshoe sleeves. This is owing to the intense love of the early Tartars for horses, from whom they were practically inseparable during their generations of wild wandering before settling down in China proper. The old cue is also said to have been worn in imitation of the horse's tail and also as a useful halter to tie about the horse when the Tartar curled up beside his beloved dumb friend for a sleep. Walrus of Alaska The Alaska walrus are enormous. The average one is as big as an ox, and it often weighs more than a ton. A walrus was recently killed by some whalers near Point Barrow, whose head weighed eighty pound, and skin, including flippers, 500 pounds. That animal had a girth of fourteen feet, and its weight was over 2,000 pounds. The skin was from half an inch to three inches in thickness, and the blubber weighed 500 pounds. Air In the Lungs. In one minute, in a state of rest, the average man takes into his lungs about 48.8 cubic inches of air. In walking he needs 97.6 cubic inches; in climbing, 140.3 cubic inches; in riding at a trot, 201.3 cubic inches, and in long distance running, 347.7 cubic inches. Enigmatical. "Blunty certainly speeded some in his new automobile before the cops got him. The machine attracted lots of attention." "Yes, I noticed a great many persons were struck by it."—Baltimore Ameri- Almost Unforgivable "I asked Arthur how old he thought I was, and he guessed right the very first time." "Have you made up yet?"—London Stray Stories. Reduced to Nothing Boy—What is "slag," papa? Dad— The residuum of a man's iron will aft or going through the matrimonial fur ncecl—Town Topics. Planting Potatoes Twelve to fifteen bushels of potatoes are required to plant an acre when the potatoes are cut two eyes to a piece. One learns from time an amiable latitude with regard to beliefs and taste.—Justice Holmes. Unbellevable America In the chapter of Hugo Munsterberg's unfinished autobiography, published in the Century under the title, "Twenty-five Years In America," the Harvard professor tells some of the amusing misconceptions of America current in Germany a quarter of a century ago. "The one, however, who brought me nearest to America was the historian Holst," wrote Professor Munsterberg. "In the lecture room his real life work was silenced. Who would care to study American history? But in the drawing room he did not talk of anything else; America and America again. Sometimes we had to listen to American stories through whole dinner parties. I do remember that at my first Freiburg party he reached his climax when he told the fascinated company that he had been in a hotel in New York where his room had a private bathroom in which he could have a hot bath at any hour of the night. The lady next to me relieved the dramatic tension by whispering, 'I do not believe it.' Well, no one believed much of what he heard concerning America." Length of Wireless Waves. In articles on wireless telegraphy such expressions as 200 meter wave lengths, 600 meter wave lengths, 15,000 meter wave lengths are constantly used. In reply to a correspondent who asks how the length of the waves is measured the Scientific American gives the following simple explanation: "The length of an electric wave is determined by a wave meter. The natural wave length of an aerial is four times its linear length, just as the wave length of a note of a closed organ pipe is four times the length of the pipe, and the wave length of the note of a tuning fork is four times the length of the box which is resonant with the note. However, other considerations make it difficult to measure the wave length by a rule, and the wave meter gives a more correct result than can be found by measuring the length of the wire." Through Customer's Glasses "How much experience have you had behind the counter?" asked an electric shop manager of a young man who had just applied for a job as a retail clerk. "None," admitted the applicant, "but I've had a heap of experience as a customer." The ability to put on the customer's glasses and see windows, cases and prices from the buying side of the counter is an asset that cannot be too highly valued. Every electric store salesman is also a buyer. He must purchase clothing, neckties and shoes. The electrical man who can remember how other salesmen and clerks showed him their merchandise in a way that invited his interest and encouraged him to buy and who can apply these methods in his own everyday selling is the man who will contribute to the building of a clientele of satisfied patrons for his store—Electrical Merchandising. Fragrant Wild Flowers Readers of the American Botanist have been trying to decide which is the most fragrant American wild flower, and their opinions on the subject exhibit remarkable diversity. In New England the majority give first choice to the pink azalea, with the white water illly second. There are many votes for the trailing arbutus; but, as the editor suggests, its fragrance is doubtless overestimated owing to the fact that it is the earliest fragrant wild flower of spring. Other candidates for the first place are the partridge berry, the common locust, horned bladderwort (of which John Burroughs says, "In a warm moist atmosphere the odor is almost too strong"), yellow jessamine, spotted wintergreen and some of the magnolias. Village Life In China. Chinese village life is essentially democratic, almost communisite. There are not today-have not been for centuries-feudal lords or even great landlords. It is a country of peasant proprietors, clan government, with practically all the men of middle age and over in a community having equal voice and authority in local affairs, with land split up smaller and more equally than in any other country in the world. Revising an Old Saying. The old saying that where there's a will there's a way still holds good, with certain restrictions, but the modern way of doing things demands both will and skill. The individual who possesses both these virtues will find the road to success comparatively thornless—Bakers Weekly. Doing Your Duty. Those who do it always would as soon think of being conceited of eating their dinner as of doing their duty. What honest boy would pride himself on not picking a pocket? A thief who was trying to reform would—George Macdonald. Contradictory "What did Blank say about me?" "That you owed him $10." "Why, the lying scoundrel Well, he can just whistle for his money now. I won't pay him one cent till I get good and ready--Boston Transcript A Household Jewel "Is your new maid competent?" "Very. She can even fool agents and peddlers into believing that she's mistress of the house." — Pittsburgh Press. January Wheat Grape Only two countries, Chile and New Zealand, usually harvest their wheat crops in January. Life doesn't consist in playing a good hand, but in playing a poor hand well. Talks on HEALTH, CLEANLINESS, PROPER LIVING, SANITATION, ETC. Dr. W. A. Driver 3300 So. State Street Phone Douglas 3617 HEALTH AND CLEANLINESS From all sources of information clean living is recommended. The best is the cleanest in the efforts to gain and keep health. It is impossible to keep healthy without keeping clean. The bath tub is responsible for much of the health that modern people enjoy. Without bath tubs, many epidemics and plagues would, as in olden times, wipe out countless villages, depopulate numerous cities, incapacitate multitudes, terrorize everybody and slay millions. Humanity owes a debt of gratitude of splendid value to the person who gave to a needy earth the hospitable bath tub. In cold weather and in warm atmospheric conditions, the benefits of a bath are wonderful. Fatigue poisons leave the tired body in the presence of a well regulated bath. A sluggish circulation is quickened by the invigorating water and every organ in the body participates in the vitalizing process. Bathing is a great natural stimulant and the cleanser of universal reputation. There can be no healthy person without frequent baths. And in spite of the facts above mentioned, there are thousands of flats, houses, apartments or living rooms without bath tubs in CHIPS Miss Vivian Kennedy and her mother Mrs. Mary Worthington, 5520 South Park avenue; left Wednesday for a summer vacation trip to Toledo and Reliance, Ohio. They traveled from this city to those points on the Twentieth Century Limited, the crack train, of the Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Railway. It is reported that this coming fall, Miss Kennedy will become the happy and the smiling bride of our popular fellow townsman, Dr. Edward S. Miller. Mrs. James Lewis, 140 W. 47th street, who was united in marriage to her husband Mr. James Lewis, for 39 years and who has sang in the Quinn Chapel choir for a long time, passed away Tuesday, June 5th. Mrs. Lewis was a member of several masonic and other secret societies. Rev. J. C. Anderson preached the funeral sermon. Interment in Lincoln Cemetery. George T. Kersey, of the Emanuel Jackson Undertaking Company, 2959 S. State street in charge. BIG REAL ESTATE BARGAINS. Sacrifice—Two Flat —Only $3,850 Biggest bargain in the City. Fine interior, new baths, good light, convenient to 35th St., Indiana surface and Elevated cars—only $500 Cash down Phone or write H. E. Evans, 517 E. 42nd St. Phone Oakland 2726. FIVE AND SIX BOOM FLATS FOR SALE. For Sale—Big bargain, 5 and 6 room brick flats; all modern, 5931 and 5935 La Fayette Ave, rented to Whites at $22.00 and $25.00 a flat. Small cash payment, balance $50.00 per month, including interest. Price $5000.00, worth more. Nehf. 21 N. La Salle St. Telephone Franklin 3966. TO RENT. FOR RENT in new Colored district, south of 59th street. Beautiful modern newly decorated, light 5 and 6 room brick flats, stove heat, large yard, convenient to "L" and 3 surface lines. Reference required. Flats shown by appointment. Rents, $24.00 and $27.00. NEHF and NEHF, 21 N. La Salle Street. Telephone Franklin 3966. THREE STORY BRICK RESIDENCE ON LANGLEY AVENUE, NORTH OF 38TH STREET FOR SALE FOR $3250.00 ON EASY PAYMENTS. Non-resident, offers for sale a three story brick residence, clear of all incumbrance, located on Langley avenue, north of 38th street; for $3250.00 on easy payments. Rental $30 per month. If you desire a bargain, address T. L. Care of this paper or phone Wentworth 2597. PAGE FIVE A. E. this great city. How can the people be healthy without proper facilities? Clean air is necessary to health. Clean air is fresh air that must come into the room, constantly, all night and all day, from the opening made by raising and keeping the window up. The process of keeping the window down a little from the top and up a little from the bottom is perfect ventilation. It is the correct way to ventilate according to all authorities. Clean air is live air; it is moving air; it is healthy air. It is what fearful people call a draught. Don't be afraid of a draught, because a draught is the enemy of stagnation, the foe of foul air and one of the strongest forces against tuberculosis. Keep in proper condition and the draught will blow blessed breezes of clean air and health. Any kind of smoke befouls the air. A clean mouth and a healthy stomach abide in the same body. Don't put unclean material into your mouth and expect the reward of health. Eat vegetables and fresh fish to enjoy life and a clean gastro-intestinal tract. Tobacco and alcoholic drinks make people unclean and unhealthy. Clean clothing is also necessary to maintain health. Thought breeds action; think cleanly. "Did you meet any nice men while you were away?" "Yes, mother; lots of them." "Lots of them! There aren't that many in the whole world."-Detroit Free Press. Lava is Slow to Cool. Peasants on the slopes of Mount Aetna can still boll water over the lava that flowed from the volcano during the eruption of 1910. Lava, according to Walter Woodburn Hyde of the University of Pennsylvania, writing in the Geographical Review, often reaches a temperature of 2,000 degrees F. Even the ancient posts recorded the tenacity with which lava retains its heat, and Borell, describing the great eruption of 1689, says the lava took eight years to cool. It is related that steam was still rising in 1830 from lava ejected in 1787. And this is not astonishing when we remember that the stream of molten lava which reached the sea at Catania on that occasion was at least 600 yards in breadth, forty feet deep and contained 8,532,000 cubic feet. It banked up against the walls of Catania, which were sixty feet high, until it flowed over the top and destroyed a large part of the city. The huge promontory that acts like a breakwater to the harbor is the remains of that stream of lava that flowed into the sea. A. Sincare Compliment. I remember as a boy hearing the late Rev. Sam P. Jones tell my father of what he considered to be the most sincere compliment he ever received, says a writer in the Dallas Pitchfork. "I was holding a meeting in the city of Louisville," Rev. Sam Jones related, "and spending the nights with an old Methodist colonel who owned a fine country home. During my first evening at the colonel's home the old colored yard man was instructed to bring out one of the colonel's finest saddle horses for my review. The aged negro did as he was instructed and led before me a magnificent animal. The horse was a deep bay stallion, and he walked with high, swagging steps. I said to the old negro, 'What makes him step so proudly?' And he answered without hesitation: 'Dat hoss has got sense, Brudder Jones. He knows who's lookin' at 'im.'" Sam Jones said that was the sincere compliment he ever received. Monster Haystacks On the first approach to a Roumanian village one is startled by the largest haystack that the American will probably ever have seen. Rod upon rod this monster stretches upon the horizon. The explanation is a simple one. Hay is one of the largest articles of production in Roumania. Landed proprietors and peasants, one and all, raise it and depend upon it for their support. When, however, a peasant feels grievances intolerable, it is a matter of no great difficulty to set the proprietor's hay afire—and no peasant in the district would think of assisting in the detection of the incendiary. So the law permits the proprietor to force all the peasants in the district to place their hay with his, a record of the weight of each man's contribution being kept by both sides. In the event of fire—and it now behooves both sides to guard against all this—all contributors suffer in proportion—Exchange. # BARRELL THE BROAD AX Published Weekly In this city since July 15th, 1899, without missing one single issue, Republi- cans, Democrate, Cathelices, Protestants, single Taxerz, Priests, infidels or anyone else can have their say as long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial night to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in advance. One Year.....$2.00 Six Months.....1.00 Advertising rates made known on application. Address all communications to THE BROAD AX 6418 Champlain Ave., Chicago, Ill. PHONE WENTWORTH 2507. JULIUS P. TAYLOR, Editors and Publisher. Entered as Second-Class Matter Aug 19, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago, Illinois, under Act of March 2, 1879. An Expert In Motives Cousin Henry is an expert in motives. If you were reading off a list of names and overlooked Henry he would understand. He would know exactly the motive that prompted you to do it. If you don't think to introduce him to the man who is with you he can see through it. He may have to go back four or five years, but he will make a complete case against you. In less than an hour he will know what your motive was. Right now he is angry because his daughter was not selected as valedictorian of her class. You may think that the other girl deserved to be selected, but you don't know all that Henry knows. It is a long story, but he is willing to tell it to you, and after hearing it you will understand that the motive--you will understand that it is a case of spite work.—Claude Callan in Fort Worth Star-Telegram. How David Garrick Made His Fortune If David Garrick had had no more than his salary as an actor he would have had little to leave at his death. He made his fortune as joint proprietor, and for a time as sole proprietor, of Drury Lane theater, so that the amount set down to himself as salary was practically nominal. When he retired from the stage in 1776 he sold half his share in the theater for £35,000. He was probably the only actor who consistently made Shakespeare pay, and, like Shakespeare, he was actor, author and proprietor. It may be recalled that Garrick, who had no enemies outside his own profession, was the grandson of a Frenchman exiled at the revocation of the edict of Nantes and that his father was a captain in the army.-London Standard. Well Balanced Diet One of the most common faults of the diet is the eating of too much protein foods. In excess this is hard for the body to excrete and is likely to decompose in the intestines with the formation of poisonous waste products. Green vegetables and raw fruit are important elements of the diet. There is little energy in these foods, but they supply mineral salts which the body needs and curious substances called vitamins, which are easily destroyed by cooking. One food expert has suggested a rule for securing a well balanced diet. It is: An ordinary family should spend about as much for milk, vegetables and fruits as for meats, fish and eggs and as much for milk and eggs as for meat and fish. Follies of Science. The history of science has seven problems which men in all ages more or less have tried to solve, but which have finally been given up by all. Today they are called follies. The usual list comprises the following: First, squaring the circle; second, duplication of the cube; third, trisection of an angle; fourth, perpetual motion; fifth, transmutation of metals; sixth, fixation of mercury; seventh, elixir of life. Some lists put the philosopher's stone for the last three and then add astrology and magic to make the seven. Too Much For Him "I thought he was going to marry that girl!" "Well, he did think of it. But it seems when he called the other night she threw him down." "Well, if she's as good as that at wrestling I don't blame him for quitting."-St. Louis Post-Dispatch Not That Bill. "I can't tell a canvasback duck from barnyard specimen." "Experts say you can tell by the Mill." "How so? The bill for one is always as high as the bill for the other. That's what I'm kicking about."—Louisville Courier-Journal. BOY TO GET A MEDAL FOR RESCUING ROBIN It Was Held In Trestop by String and He Climbed to Free It. Hartford, Conn.—The Connecticut Humane society, through its president, the Rev. William Deloss Love, has informed ten-year-old Michael Ravolefe of the Second North school, East Hartford, that he is to have a medal for rescuing an imprisoned robin a few days ago. Little Michael had to climb an elm tree seventy-five to eighty feet high to effect the rescue. The robin had flown to one of the topmost branches with a long string in his bill for nest building. The string caught in a stout twig, and as the robin worked to get it free the string tangled itself into a double hitch about one of its legs. It was then held prisoner and was noticed for two days helplessly trying to work itself loose and squeaking plaintively. Michael's schoolfellows were talking about the bird, and he asked them to lead him to the elm. It took him more than half an hour to work his way to the top at the tree. And at the last of the job it required nerve and coolness, for he was out on very slender and swaying branches. But he managed to reach the twig to which the string had fastened itself and snapped it off. With this hanging to its leg the robin fluttered to the ground, was released and flew off wildly chirping at its restored freedom. STRENGTH OF U. S. NAVY AMAZES COCHEPRAT STRENGTH OF U. S. NAVY AMAZES COCHEPRAT Washington.—Vice Admiral Cocheprat, representing the ministry of marine in the French mission here, said that he had "every reason to hope that we shall succeed in establishing the closest possible co-operation between the American and the allied navies for the assurance of freedom of the seas, the protection of trade and the triumph of our rights." "The United States is in possession of the most powerful fleet in the world next to the British, and this is bound to weigh heavily in hastening the day when final victory will be wring from the foe," he said. "Your navy is wonderfully equipped, and I really felt amazed when I chanced to see recently some of its units, among them the battleship Pennsylvania and those trim looking destroyers that came out to meet us at sea. There is no need to praise your naval personnel. Throughout my long sea life it has often happened that I have come across American men-of-war, and I am pleased to say that on every such occasion the very high merit of the officers as well as the perfect training of their men has aroused my intense admiration. "What I have seen here since my arrical serves only to emphasize my previous impressions. And so I am sure that the American navy is ready to support in the most advantageous fashion the cause of the allies now shaping a course toward victory." FIND $4,000 IN "HOME BANK." Money In Small Coin Hidden by Aged Woman. Manitowoc, Wis.—Over $4,000 in nickels, dimes, quarters and half dollars, the accumulation of years, was found by a woman engaged in cleaning the home of the late Mrs. Fred Pingle, aged eighty-eight, pioneer resident of Manitowoc. Money was found among rubbish heaps, sewed in mattresses and quilts, under the carpet and in almost inconceivable places all through the house. The Pingle family at one time lost a fortune through the failure of a bank, which was said to be responsible for the aged lady having secreted her savings about the family home. MORE REPUBLICS AHEAD Spain, Greece and Sweden Moving, London Hears. London.—Republics in Spain, Greece and Sweden before the end of the war were predicted by a speaker at a conference here of journalists representing the European neutral countries. The speaker, who had returned recently from Sweden, asserted that republican doctrine is becoming popular there. The conference discussed the political and economic conditions in the neutral countries. The effect the Russian revolution had on the countries named was debated at length. It was declared that republican sentiment had won many converts in the three countries. HER OWN ATTORNEY. Mrs. Laura Ella Ruddick In Court Against Brothers. Columbus, Ind.—Mrs. Laura Ella Ruddick, a wealthy resident of this city, acted as her own attorney in a case where she is plaintiff and her brothers, Marcus Hollowell and Hayes E. Hollowell, are defendants. She prepared and filed a motion for a new trial in the case without legal advice. The motion covers several typewritten pages and is written in legal phraseology. Mrs. Ruddick recently was ordered to jail for contempt of court by Judge John W Donaker. THE BROAD AX. CHICAGO, JUNE 9, 1917. He Lacked Concentration. Speaking of a man who was a failure because of his lack of concentration and his inability to know his own mind five minutes at a time, a captain of industry said he reminded him of a hunting dog he once owned: "At sunrise the dog would start out on his own hook after deer. He would jump a buck and run him for miles. When the buck was on the point of exhaustion the hound's nostrils would catch the taint in the air where a fox had crossed the trail, and he would instantly decide that, after all, fox was what he had come for, and he would turn aside to pursue the fox. Perhaps an hour later, when the chase was growing warmer every minute, his keen nose would detect the presence of a rabbit, and he would go after the cottontail, with the inevitable result that by 4 o'clock in the afternoon that hound would be thirty or forty miles away from home in a swamp with a chipmunk treed!"—Saturday Evening Post. George and His Legs. Bit by bit the historical grubbers are digging out the truth about our immortal George. We have heretofore been told that he wore false teeth and that at Valley Forge he unbushingly deceived his ragged and despondent troops with the arrival of ample supplies of ammunition, which consisted of powder barrels filled with sand, and now a correspondent of the New York Sun declares that in the full length portraits of Washington by Stuart, of which there is one in the New York public library, the legs were not his own. "I have seen the letter from Stuart thanking the true owner for his kindness in providing a symmetrical foundation for the bust of the great president and presenting one of the smaller portraits in thanks for his kindness." Free Speech. An old negro woman had lived with a certain family in the south for many years. One day her mistress had occasion to reprimand her quite sharply for something that had gone wrong. The negress said nothing at the time, but a little later her voice could be heard in the kitchen in shrill vituperation of everything and everybody, with a rattling accompaniment of pans and kettles. So loud became the clamor and so vindictive the exclamations that Mrs. C. went hurriedly down to the kitchen. "Why, Liza," she began in amazement, "who on earth are you talking to? "I ain't talkin' to nobody," the old negress replied, "but I don't keer who in dis house hyars me."—Harper's Magazine. Misprints and Maxim Guns The late Sir Hiram Maxim says in his autobiography that when he organized the United States Electric Lighting company the printer sent home its stationery with the heading, "The United States Electric Lightning company." When he established his new gun company in England he told of this mistake in order to emphasize the importance of getting the stationery printed correctly. When the first sheets were brought to him, however, he found that the English printers had made his concern appear as "The Maxim Gum company." Easy Generosity Mother (to small son)—Bobby, dear, I hoped you would be unselfish enough to give little sister the largest piece of candy. Why, see, even our old hen gives all the nice big dainties to the little chicks and only keeps an occasional thy one for herself. Bobby thoughtfully watched the hen and chickens for a time and then said, "Well, mamma, I would, too, if it was worms."—Rochester Times. A Generation: In the long lived patrilarchal age a generation seems to have been computed at 100 years (Genesis xv, 1). Subsequently the reckoning was the same that has been more recently adopted—that is, from thirty to forty years (Job xil. 16). Incongruous. Little Alick—What is an incongruity, uncle? Uncle William—An incongruity, child, is a divorce lawyer humming a wedding march. Vegetation In Polar Regions The rapid growth of vegetation in the polar regions is attributed to the electric currents in the atmosphere. PRACTICAL HEALTH HINT. Neuralgia. - Neuralgia means nerve pain. - Neuritis means inflammation of the nerve. In neuralgia the pain comes and goes. In neuritis the ache is steady and sticks closely to the affected nerve. If the nerve could be taken out and examined we could find nothing abnormal in the case of neuralgia. In neuritis the nerve would be found to be inflamed. The question of what is behind the pain of neuralgia is more important than the answer to the cry for relief. It must be remembered that neuralgia is merely a symptom, not a disease. Sometimes malaria is the underlying cause. Other times it may be due to alcoholism, diabetes, lead poisoning, gout, rheumatism or Bright's disease. A diseased tooth or a diseased ovary may be responsible. In every case treatment must include treatment of the underlying cause. ```markdown ``` Spanish Doubleoops: Should one find a pirate's buried treasure he would have to dispose of his Spanish gold at its bullion value, for since Aug. 1, 1908, when the common crier made proclamation from the steps of the Royal Exchange of London that after that date the doubloon would cease to be legal tender in the West Indies, including British Gulana, the doubloon has not been the precious thing it was. In 1730 and for a century after it was worth $8, more or less. It has ceased to be coined in its native country, Spain, and since 1908 it has been unpopular in the West Indies, where for a long time it figured in a mixed circulation, embracing British, United States and Spanish coins. In the interest of romance, however, the name at least must survive. It signifies nothing more than that the coin was double the value of a pistole, but the "doubloon" was never such a mouth filling mockery as "pieces of eight," which suggests great riches, but means only Spanish silver dollars, pieces equivalent to eight reals.—Rochester Post-Express. A Famous New York Street Few of the thousands of people who pass the corner of Nassau and John streets every day know the early history of Nassau street. And yet right at that corner is a bronze tablet which gives in concise form the following historical information: "Nassau Street, Known Originally as 'the Street That Runs by the Pye Woman,' Was Laid Out About 1695 and Was Named In Honor of the House of Nassau, Whose Head at That Time Was William the Third, King of England and Stadholder of the Dutch Republic. Nassau Street became Identified With the Jewelry Trade More Than Half a Century Ago." The bronze tablet is on the exterior of the building at the northwest corner of Nassau and John streets. It was erected by the Malden Lane Historical society in 1916—New York Sun. William De Morgan. In spite of himself William De Morgan became famous. He deliberately violated all the rules made for the guidance of novelists who seek to become popular. None of his novels was addressed to the greater public that is avid for the latest thing of the moment in fiction, but nevertheless they reached that public. He was a law unto himself in the novels that he wrote during his marvelous career that spanned only ten years. It is doubtful if in English literature or in any other can be found a writer whose life and literary career are comparable to his. He was an old man when the world of readers came to know him, and his age was an asset toward celebrity. At seventy he was hailed as eagerly as Kiplinger was hailed at twenty, and in his way he was no less a prodigy than the younger writer.—Bookman. The Emerald. The emerald has been known since early times both in Europe and in certain parts of the orient, where its attractive color and rarity have endowed it with the highest rank and a varied lore. Its name may be traced back to an old Persian word which appeared in Greek as "smaragdos," mentioned by Theophrastus over 300 years before the Christian era, and again in Latin as "smaragdus," seen in the writings of Pliny, who particularized somewhat on its properties and supposed medicinal virtues and was even shrewd enough to suspect its identity with the much more common beryl, although eighteen centuries elapsed before this suspicion was verified by scientific proof. His Hard Luck A small boy whose record for department at school had always stood at 100 came home one day recently with his standing reduced to 98. "What have you been doing, my son?" asked his doting mother. "Been doing?" replied the young hopeful. "Been doing just as I have been doing all along, only the teacher caught me this time." — Philadelphia Inquirer. Where Is the Profit? "I understand they sold their house for $3,000 more than they paid for it." "How lucky!" "Lucky nothing! After they'd sold it they discovered that they've got to pay $2,000 more than they received for their house for another home to live in."-Detroit Free Press. Books In Brazil. In Brazil, as throughout South America, French is almost universally read. Editions of the classics are found in most homes, and bookstores are filled with modern French writers of prose or verse, sometimes in translation and as frequently in the original. Went Further "Didn't I tell you that when you met a man in hard luck you ought to greet him with a smile?" said the wise and good counselor. "Yes," replied the flinty souled person. "I went even further than that. I gave him the grand laugh." Best Way of Taking Iron: When anemic persons have to take iron the best form in which to administer it is spinach, cabbage, green chicory, asparagus, lentils, carrots and peas, all of which contain much iron. About the Same Thing Scribblel-Can you suggest a simple for giving advice? Scrawler-How would pouring water on a duck's back do?-Philadelphia Record. Let us teach people as much as we can to enjoy, and they will learn for themselves to sympathize-Stayman Necessities of War. When Lloyd George in England undertook to organize the ministry of munitions a glazier began to stamp out cartridge clips; a manufacturer of music rolls used his equipment to make gauges; a concern engaged before the war in preparing infants' food began delivering plugs for shells; an advertising agency manufactured shell adapters; watchmakers began adjusting fuses; a manufacturer of baking machinery became a contractor for six inch high explosive shells; a jewelry house devoted itself, exclusively to periscopes; a phonograph concern sent millions of delicate shell parts to the assembling stations; a firm which made nothing but sheep shearing machinery started turning out shell cases; a cream separator factory manufactured shell primers. Among other producers of finished shells were candlemakers, flour mills, tobacco manufacturers, syphonmakers and the manufacturers of sporting goods.—World's Work. Stocking the National Parks The United States is carrying on a very interesting work in exchanging the wild animals of one region for those of others—transplanting elk and deer and Rocky mountain bighorns from regions in the United States where they are plentiful to others where, so far as known, they have not lived. Some of the animals are being shipped long distances, says the Popular Science Monthly. Wyoming is full of elk. The herds in the Jackson Hole country are the largest of any of North American wild animals since the days of the countless buffaloes. But the big Yosemite National park of California, with its three-quarters of a million acres, until recently had no elk, or at least only a very few scattered specimens. But the elk shipped in from Wyoming have become very much at home and are breeding and multiplying rapidly, adding to the charm and picturesqueness of this popular national playground. Love and Marriage "First love is very apt not to be the lasting love," said Dr. Antoinette Konikow, speaking at the Boston School of Social Science. "Young lovers try to excuse all the faults of the loved one because they are not in love with the individual, but with love. Hence they may not choose the partner with whom they will find their happiness in later years. Many a man and woman is glad by middle age that the first love was frustrated. "Marriage should be based on love alone or it is immoral, and some change is necessary if marriage is to be saved from degradation. Real love always makes people better. Romantic love is the source of all the best things in life—the foundation of all the arts. And individual happiness makes up the happiness of the race."—Boston Post. Use of Bacon Drippings. Bacon drippings make splendid shortening for light, flaky pie crust. It takes just a little less of the drippings than of ordinary lard or vegetable shortening. Use it for shortening in spice cake, gingerbread or any dark cake and note the delicious flavor. Spread rye bread with a thin layer of the pure drippings and sprinkle a little salt on it. Add to this a thin slice of any salt meat and you will have a delicious and highly nutritious sandwich. The European housewife has long made use of such sandwiches for the between meal snack for growing boys and girls. The Pygmy Hippopotamus One of the animals least known to the outside world is the pygmy hippopotamus of West Africa. This animal is just what its name implies, a pygmy hippopotamus. It is much smaller than the common hippopotamus, being no larger than an ordinary or fair sized hog. It differs somewhat from the common hippopin in the character of its teeth, and instead of spending its time in the rivers and lakes in large herds it wanders about through the jungles singly or in pairs, much after the manner of swine in search of mast—London Spectator. Just the Time. "No, I have never played bridge before." "So I should surmise," said the disgusted partner. "But how came you to enter an important tournament like this?" "Oh, I thought it would be a good time to learn."—Louisville Courier. All Wrong. "Now, look here, Alice, I know every- thing. You've been carrying on with another man. I even know that his name is Rupert." "How ridiculous you are! First of ali, I haven't firmed with any one, and, secondly, his name isn't Rupert."—Passing Show. Profitable Writing "My writings bring in a lot of money every month." "That so? I didn't know you were an author." "I'm not. I'm the man that makes out the bills for our firm."—Detroit Free Press. Trials of Authors "You do not know." Saint-Beuve wrote to George Sand, "what it is to remain a whole day with your head in your hands, squeezing your unfortunate brain to find a word." Silent Heroes "Father," asked Tommy, "what are silent heroes?" "Married men, my boy," replied the father.—London Telegraph. We like to give in the sunlight, to receive in the dark. The Ultimate. He—Do you know what I am getting to say to you? Drop it! Nju—Drop what? He—Everything—happiness and love and work and God knows what is all is so provincial. Even our dreams let them be what they will, are provisional—yes, even our sufferings. Nju—And what is the Nju—And what is there that isn't provincial? He—What! Art and death? No, it's tool. Only death. Niu—Yes, I am. Nju- Yes; I understand. • • • • He- You don't love me, Nju. Nju- I love you, you. Nut—I love you very much. Really I do love you, only there is something that is more than love—something with higher. He—What's that—life? Nju—No; there is something and higher. He—Than life, death and love? Nju—Than all combined. There must surely be something; otherwise the whole thing would be so meaningless—From the Russian Play "Niu" Grass on the Lawn Grass seeds germinate in from fourteen to eighteen days. A quart of seed is sufficient to cover 300 square feet. 15 by 20 feet. Five to six bushels are required per acre. Do not sow grass seeds in hot, dry weather, particularly in July or As gust. Poa trivialis is good for shady lawns under trees. Festuca rubra is most suitable for hard wear and for dry or sandy soils. Sharp sea sand applied lightly over lawns in the autumn—that is, over lawns on clay or loam—encourages the growth of fine grasses. Lawnns that are frequently watered need more fertilizers than those that are not, as the water washes away much plant food.—New York Sun. Glengarry's "Treason" How startling was the difference in the customs of the English and the Scots even less than a century ago shown in the story of the way in which the famous highland chief, Alaskan Macdonell, of Glengarry frightened George IV, out of his wits. In 1828 Glengarry was one of a party of Scotish nibbles and gentlemen who had quoted "the first gentleman of Europe in Holyrood palace. Colonel Macdonell was the last chief to wear the full highland costume, and when the company sat down to dinner he, according to custom, placed a brace of loaded pistols by his plate. The king started up in alarm and was persuaded to remain in the room only on the assurance that Glengarry meant no treason—Lord Snector. Stevenson's Wife A half caste sailor once said, Mr. Stevenson is good to me, like my father, and his wife is the same kind of man." King Tembinokne said of Mrs. Stevenson, "She good; look pretty plain chench" (sense). Perhaps they both meant what the poet Edmund Gosse so well expressed when he wrote of her as being "dark and rich hearted, like some wertful wine-red jewel." But the best tribute in Mrs. Stevenson's praise came from the pen of her husband - Critic. Our Coal Supply. The United States coal supply is nearly one-half that of the entire world. Estimates put the available coal supply of the United States at 3,538,500,000 tons out of a world total estimated at 7,397,533,000,000 tons. China ranks next to the United States in available supply, estimated at 1,500,000,000,000 tons Great Britain, 180,000,000,000; Germany, 164,000,000,000; and Canada 100,000,000,000 tons. Too Rushing. "I had an idea I'd grow up and own this business some day," said the discharged office boy. "That's just why you were fired," said the boss. "Ever since you started to work here you've been acting as if you already owned the business"-Birmingham Age-Herald. Forgiveness. Waiter—Beg pardon, sir, but—ahem the gents here usually remember my services. Guest (pocketing all the change)—Do they? They ought to be more charitable and forget them! Clover Shear Shearers. Averaging everything, from young wethers, which are hard, to old eyes which are easy, experts in Australia will shear about 90 or 100 sheep a day PRACTICAL HEALTH HINT. Diet For the Aged. The aged should have food at frequent intervals—little and often should be the rule—food every three or four hours. The appetite is not as keen in old age as it is in youth, nor is the diet restion so good. o Fresh vegetables are needed o and relished by elderly persons, o and they are a valuable addition o to the dietary if they are troubled with constipation, as they o contain fibrous tissue, which o gives bulk to the contents of the intestinal canal and supplies something for the intestines to o contract upon. Stewed or raw fruits are useful, as well as vegetables, and one or the other should be eaten two or three times a day. Meda n Dreadnaughts Beyond all doubt modern dread-menghs represent the highest level of controlled strength that the human race has yet seen. The fact that 25,000 tons or more of metal can be driven through water at the speed of an express train while its big guns hurl shells weighing three-quarters of a ton to a distance of twenty miles is a miracle in mechanism. During the evolution of the warship to its present state of efficiency marine engineers have been faced with the problem of protecting vital parts of the vessel from the ever increasing hitting power of large shells. In other words, the fighting value depended upon its ability to take as well as give hard knocks. Some idea of the difficulty may be gathered from the fact that a fifteen inch shot strikes a blow at its maximum point of speed capable of lifting 50,000 tons a foot from the ground.-London Standard. Swamp Lands. The national chamber of commerce declares that had not the hospital corps of the army definitely determined the status of the mosquito and thus caused menacing swamp lands to be drained it is an open question whether the building of the Panama canal would have been possible. In following up this work we find that the United States in draining breeding places of the mosquito has reclaimed thousands of acres of land and made them available for agricultural purposes. There are approximately 100,000,000 acres of swamp lands in the country where for years the mosquito has held undisputed away, of which 75,000,000, or about one-eighth of the total area of the country, can be reclaimed for the plowshare. The only value of swamp land lies in its possibility of reclamation; otherwise it is a serious liability as a breeder of disease.-Leslie's. The Crested Fly Catcher Why does the crested fly catcher select a dried skin skin to line his nest? Some naturalists believe it is to render the nest waterproof. Others think the dried skin serves as a burglar alarm, to rattle at the approach of a squirrel or other enemy. This bird builds his nest in hollow trees, stumps or posts. Sometimes he rents the abandoned home of the woodpecker. Professor H. A. Surface, Pennsylvania state zoologist, tells of one that usured a rural mail box for his fat. Of recent years they have been known to inhabit box homes put up for their special benefit. So if you want to encourage the crested fly catcher, build him a box nest. He'll pay the rent many times over. He eats beetles, flies, grasshoppers, butterflies and moths.—Exchange. A Dangerous Precedent The worst case of law versus justice and common sense is one which Montagne relates as having happened in his own day. Some men were condemned to death for murder. The judges were then informed by the officers of an inferior court that certain persons in their custody had confessed themselves guilty of the murder and had told so circumstantial a tale that the fact was placed beyond all doubt. Nevertheless it was deemed so bad a precedent to revoke a sentence and show that the law could err that the innocent men were delivered over to execution.—London Mail. Among the Accidents Amateur Tenor—That's odd. I can't find any account of my singing at the Swellmore's musicale last evening. His Friend—Where did you look for it? Amateur Tenor—Among the music notes, of course. His Friend—It might be in the paper after all. Why not try some other department?—Exchange. An All Around Boss "But," exclaimed the man of delicate sensibilities, "will your conscience permit you to do as you suggest?" "Look here, friend," answered the New York politician, "I am accustomed to be boss even of my own conscience." -Pittsburgh Chronicle-Telegraph. Agriculture. I know of no pursuit in which more real and important service can be rendered to any country than by improving its agriculture—George Washing- Modern Machinery. Not to see poetry in the machinery of this present age is not to see poetry in the life of the age. It is not to believe in the age.—Gerald Stanley Lee. Harding of the Arteries. Hardening of the arteries cannot be cured. The vessels have been overstretched day by day and white, inelastic fibers have taken the place of the elastic fibers that have been lost. The elastic fibers can never be restored. But one can regulate himself so that his life may yet be long and comfortable. Temperance in eating, drinking and working must be the unalterable rule of conduct. The man with arteriosclerosis should have his blood pressure taken periodically. In case of dizziness and a considerable rise in pressure he should guard against apoplexy by starving and purging. When the pressure rises suddenly and sharply he should have his urine examined for albumen, as Bright's disease is even more of a menace than apoplexy. DAY COACHES FOR TROOPS. Sleepers Not to Be Provided Under War Conditions. Washington.—It is announced by the secretary of war that standard Pullman and tourist sleepers will not be used for the transportation of troops under ordinary conditions during the war. Day coaches hereafter will be used on the basis of one officer to each double seat and three men to each two double seats. The new order applies to all cases except journeys of unusual length, covering more than one night and one day, which cases will be separately considered when they arise. It is explained that the new regulation is necessary owing to the limited number of sleeping cars available for troop movements and to the congestion that would arise on transportation lines if sleepers had to be collected for every large movement of troops. Moreover, by doing away with sleepers, it is declared, the number of cars necessary to handle the movement is decreased by one-quarter. DE POTESTAD OFFERS SWORD Son of Ex-Spanish Diplomat Seeks United States Officer's Commission. Baltimore.—R. E. L. de Potestad, son of the late Marquis de Potestad-Fornarl, formerly Spanish diplomat in the United States, has applied for a commission in the officers' reserve corps from Maryland and has virtually been accepted by the army examining board at Johns Hopkins university. Lieutenant Elliott, chief examining officer, said that although Mr. de Potestad is past fifty-two he is the finest specimen of manhood that has been examined here and has the physique of a man of thirty. Mr. de Potestad's father represented the Spanish government during the settlement of the Cuban claims after the Spanish-American war. He died in Switzerland several months ago. His son has a large estate near this city and is an American citizen. POMEROY CONSENTS TO WORK Notorious Life Convict at Last Mingles With Other Inmates. Boston.—Jesse Pomeroy, the state's notorious life prisoner, abandoned his objections to the revised terms of his sentence and for the first time in forty years mingled with his fellow inmates. He has been put to work. When Governor McCall and his council last January commuted that provision of Pomeroy's sentence which stipulated that he should spend his days in solitary confinement Pomeroy objected to the change that made him liable to labor. His refusal to work was punished with twenty-four hours in a dark cell and a diet of bread and water, but he declined to yield until recently. CURED BY LIGHTNING. Sufferer From Rheumatism Says He Is Well Now. Indiana, Pa.—A sufferer from rheumatism each winter for the past fifteen years, Walter Loring of Rayne township believes that he was permanently cured of the disease by a stroke of lightning. While sitting in his home during a severe electric storm, the house was struck by lightning, and both he and his wife was rendered unconscious. It was with difficulty that they were revived. Lately he has not been troubled, and he believes the rheumatism was burned out of his system by the electricity which passed through his body. PROTECTS ENLISTED MEN. Bill Will Prevent Slight to Uniforms Anywhere In United States. Washington.—Representative John Jacob Rogers of Lowell, Mass., introduced a bill in the house to prevent discrimination against enlisted men wearing the uniforms of the military or naval forces of the United States in places of public entertainment. A similar law enacted in 1906 prevents discrimination in the District of Columbia and in the territorial possessions of the United States. The Rogers proposal would make this law effective in all states as well. The measure will have the support of the administration, it is stated. MUST HOLD FLAG SACRED. Aliens Warned Summary Arrest Follows Desecration. Washington.—Warning against desecration of the American flag by aliens was issued by the department of justice. The following notice was sent to federal attorneys and marshals: "Any alien enemy tearing down, mutilating, abusing or desecrating the United States flag in any way will be regarded as a danger to the public peace or safety within the meaning of regulation 12 of the proclamation of the president issued April 6, 1917, and will be subject to summary arrest and confinement." GAINS SIX POUNDS IN DAY. Eats Four Heavy Meals to Reach Weight For U. S. Aero Service. Chicago.-McMillan Weddell of Hinsdale, a suburb, has been accepted as a recruit to the government aero service after having been refused earlier. Weddell, who is an experienced aviator, tried to enlist, but was found to weigh but 142 pounds. Recently he was accepted, having brought his weight up to the required 148 pounds by eating four very heavy meals during the day, the meals being made up of many eggs and large quantities of other foodstuff, together with much water. THE BROAD AX. CHICAGO. JUNE 9. 1917. PERFECT WOMAN FORTY AND HAS FIVE CHILDREN She Is Athletic, Mechanical, Pious, Patriotic and a Politician. Liverpool—"The perfect woman" has just been defined by a conference here of teachers from girls' schools throughout England. Here is the result of their united efforts: The perfect woman is forty, is married and is the mother of five children. She is in happy circumstances, living in a beautiful part of the country a few miles from a big town. She is the center of a good home, in which there is a high standard of cleanliness and comfort and where good taste is everywhere visible in furniture, carpets, curtains, wall paper, ornaments, clothes. The ideal woman is sensible and businesslike, and her home is a place of peace. She is patriotic and interested in politics and does all she can to remove the causes of suffering among the poor. She is a delightful companion and has a gift for friendship. She is religious and tries to fulfill her duty toward God and toward other people. She takes walks, rides bicycles, climbs, swims, dances, skates, rows and plays games. She can ride a horse and drive a motorcar. She is proficient in many branches of practical learning. She can do anything and everything about the house. She has some knowledge of the law, knows how to invest money, can use a typewriter. She is a great reader; every day she reads some serious book as well as a newspaper and a novel. She speaks three languages beside her own and reads foreign books. She is fond of gardening and has learned several crafts—woodcarving, metal work, bookbinding and embroidery. BOY FARMER A PATRIOT; SAVES MOTHER A FINE Gennaro Didn't Go to School, but Cultivated Twenty Acres In Westchester. New York.—Mrs. Rosa de Rosa, a widow, missed being fined in the municipal term court for keeping her son Gennaro home from school by just twenty acres. These acres are part of her home at Mill Lane, Westchester, and for the last month they have been plowed and harrowed and fertilized and planted and cultivated by Gennaro alone, and he is only fifteen. It was his age that got Gennaro into trouble, for the compulsory education law compels parents to keep their children in school until their sixteenth year. That is why Mrs. De Rosa appeared in court, very much frightened and escorted by Attendance Officers Puglieri and Carney. Magistrate Appleton looked sternly at the little Italian woman until she had explained that she was a widow, that there was a mortgage on her home and that Gennaro was her only support. Then he smiled, and after Publieri and Carney had testified that the twenty acres were under intensive cultivation and that one fifteen-year-old lad was doing all this work the magistrate announced his decision. "Sentence suspended," he said. "Your son, Mrs. De Rosa, is doing a patriotic duty. He is a real benefit to the community—more so than if he went to school, as the law requires." Gennaro did not hear this praise. He was up in Westchester, cultivating the twenty acres. OLD MAN TRIED TO ENLIST. Wanted to "Help Out" In Any Way, but Was Refused. Topeka, Kan.—The fact that the United States government does not admit a man over thirty-five years of age to enlist in the army prevented the officers in charge of the local recruiting station from passing on S. L. Palmer, a prosperous Pawnee county farmer, the other afternoon. Mr. Palmer is sixty-two years of age, but appears to be a man of about forty. He appeared very much grieved when he was told he was too old for the service. Neither money nor the desire for experience had anything to do with Mr. Palmer's applying for service in the ranks. He owns 700 acres of good Pawnee county land. His only reason was his desire to "help out," he told the officers. He wanted to be admitted as a telegrapher, a draftman or a mechanic. He said he had fifteen years' experience as a telegrapher. LONDON HONORS GEN. SMUTS. Boer Leader Likely to Be Offered High British Command. London. — Lieutenant General Jan Smuts, who was relieved of the command of the British forces operating against the Germans in German East Africa to attend the imperial conference here, received the freedom of the city of London. General Smuts in an address said: "The United States entered the struggle because, like us, she recognized that universal liberty was at stake. The end of the struggle is coming nearer. I have learned the spirit of our armies and know that it is magnificent in its confidence to carry the struggle through to a victorious end." General Smuts will be offered a high military command, and it is expected he will accept it. --- Form of Oath Equivalent to Enlistment Pledge Drawn Up. New York. - A movement to train New York's immigrant population in readiness for military service was started at a meeting held in the offices of the National Liberal Immigration league. The league has been at work on the situation concerning the part immigrants will take in any national crisis for the last eight years and has the approval of the war department. This consists of a recruiting campaign on the east side for the Maccabean brigade, as it will be called. The house of the James G. Blaine club has been offered by the president, Dr. J. Levenson, and is open for recruiting. Applicants will enlist without any stipulation and will take an oath which virtually binds them to federal military service for the duration of the war. A form of oath equivalent to the army enlistment pledge has been drawn up by the adjutant general of the eastern department at the league's request. Recruits will be trained under competent instructors and then will be available either to be mustered into the regular army, the national guard or service as reserve officers if they show progress enough. There will be no stipulation that they be accepted in a body, keeping their racial unity in companies or other units; but will go where assigned. JAPANESE ARMY TO HOLD SHAM BATTLE OF SOMME JAPANESE ARMY TO HOLD SHAM BATTLE OF SOMME Will Apply Lessons of Great Struggle In Europe to Grand Army Maneuvers. New York. - The grand army maneuvers in Japan next November will be held in the country adjacent to Lake Biwa, in Shiga prefecture, near Kloto, says the East and West News. Headquarters will be located in the town of Hikone, of which the famous Lord Li, assassinated on dolls' day many years ago, was the feudal chief. To provide for the final review by the emperor a few rice fields will be cleared for that purpose. A great feature of the war play will be the conduct of battles after the latest methods adopted by the Germans and the allies in the valley of the Somme, northern France. Geographically the lay of the land about Lake Biwa, the largest lake in Japan, closely resembles that of the Somme war theater. Staff officers familiar with the ground in France will conduct the operations from which the soldiery and underofficers will acquire a knowledge of the latest features of modern warfare. Airplanes and seaplanes will also be actively employed for the first time in Japan. The art of war has advanced a hundred years since the battle of the Marne, two and a half years ago. NEW U BOAT DESTROYER. Will Be Turned Over to Government Early In July. Wilmington, Del.-A submarine destroyer of a new type which is pronounced by experts to be the most efficient conceived is being constructed for Alfred I. du Pont and when completed early in July will be turned over to the government for use against U boats. The craft, which is being constructed by the Herreshoffs at Bristol, R. I., is of all steel torpedo boat destroyer construction. It is 110 feet long, has a fifteen foot beam and a draft of only four and one-half feet. The latter dimension is so small as to render the boat immune from submarine torpedoes. The destroyer has a guaranteed speed of twenty-seven miles an hour. The two high pressure steam generators will develop approximately 1,500 horsepower. Oil, which is used as fuel, can be carried for a cruise of 1,200 miles at fifteen knots or 650 miles at full speed. PREPARES OWN FUNERAL Thought He Had Cancer - Provides Corpse by Committing Suicide. Corps by Committing Clerics. Bishop, Cal.-After having prepared carefully for his own funeral John Shortall, a mining man, went out and shot himself through the head. Death was instantaneous. A month ago he had undergone an operation for a growth on his lip and had become obsessed with the fear that it was a cancer. This led him to self destruction. Shortall was sixty-four years old and had been long in the Owens valley. His mining property, a promising copper proposition, is located in Mocano, between Benton and Laws. MUST NOT ABUSE FLAG. Desecrators Will Be Arrested, Says Justice Department. Washington.—Warning against desecration of the American flag by allens was issued by the department of justice. The following notice was sent to federal attorneys and marshals: "Any alien enemy tearing down, mutilating, abusing or desecrating the United States flag in any way will be regarded as a danger to the public peace or safety within the meaning of regulation 12 of the proclamation of the president, issued April 6, 1917, and will be subject to summary arrest and confinement." Can Be Practiced Where Water Is Not Available. REQUIRES MUCH PATIENCE. In Missouri, In Drought of 1914, Use of Dry Farming Methods by Only Part of Farmers Largely Increased Yield of Corn Per Acre as Compared With That of 1901. Washington.—With the burden of supplying the world's wartime crop facing this country, the committee on statistics and standards of the Chamber of Commerce of the United States has called attention to the possibilities of dry farming. Such methods, it is declared, can be made to fit the requirements for raising many of our most important products. Dry farming is said to be the only form of agriculture which can be successfully practiced in any region where water is not available for irrigation and where rainfall is not sufficient for humid farming. The inherent purpose of dry farming, it is pointed out, is to conserve moisture in the soil until needed for growing plants. The dry farmer resorts to methods of timely and proper cultivation, harrowing, disking and plowing, to increase the penetration of water, prevent evaporation and store moisture in the soil for the benefit of the plants. "Dry farming is not an easy job, nor is the lot of the farmer in the semiarid regions any happier at times than that of the policemen in the 'Pirates of Penance,'" says Archer Wall Douglas of St. Louis, chairman of the national commerce committee. "It is a business requiring much industry, patience, fortitude and intelligent understanding of the surrounding conditions. Likewise in the beginning it needs some reserve capital against emergencies. For there are years when, through weeks, even months, of rainless heat, the sky is as brass and the earth as iron underneath, and rainfall only a distant memory. "Yet persevered in and intelligently stuck to, it is apt to record a success and to furnish a great need for the utilization of the vast area of semiarid country. Once exploited as a panacea, then denounced as a fad, it has at last come into its own as an intelligent scientific form of agriculture, absolutely essential to the development of a large section of our country." Of particular interest in meeting war time conditions is the argument that dry farming methods are applicable not only to farming in the semiarid, but likewise humid regions in times of drought. In Missouri in the drought of 1914 the use of dry farming methods by only a part of the farmers largely increased the yield of corn per acre, as compared with similar conditions in 1901. TRAINING FLEET FOR LAKES. Eastland, From Which Many Lives Were Lost, Will Be Flagship. Great Lakes, Ill.—A fleet of training ships shortly will be sailing the great lakes, it was announced at the United States naval training station here. Captain W. A. Moffett, commandant, has planned the mobilization of a number of vessels mounting guns ranging from one pounders to six inch pieces. The fleet will serve to train recruits passing through the training station here, which has been greatly expanded since the outbreak of war, in addition to protecting lake cities. The steamer Eastland, which turned over in the Chicago river in 1915 with a loss of 812 lives and which is now being rebuilt as a gunboat, will be the flagship. Other vessels in the fleet will be two of the former Spanish gunboats which were captured by Dewey at Manila bay. SLACKERS NOT WANTED. But This One Enlisted After He Changed His Name. Newark, N. J.—A heavy set young man walked into the army recruiting office here and told the officers in charge he wanted to enlist. “What’s your name?” asked the lieutenant. “Slacker,” was the reply. “Nothing doing,” shot back the officer. “We don’t want any slackers here.” cer, "We don't want any slackers here." The man later explained that he was Andrew Slacker of Middletown, Sussex county, N. J., and that he wanted to break off diplomatic relations with his name. He was accepted. The questions which are to be answered in the nation wide war department registration involve comparatively few subjects. Here they are: The name in full, the age in years, the home address, the date of birth, the quality of citizenship, natural born, naturalized or the condition of declaration of intention; the place of birth, trade, occupation or office, employment and by whom employed, dependents if any, married or single, race, former military service and where it was rendered and lastly claims of exemption from draft, with the specific grounds therefor. PAGE SEVEN Emperor and Czar The Czar Ferdinand of Bulgaria, notwithstanding his numerous visits to Vienna, never succeeded in making himself welcome to the Austrian aristocracy. For a long time the aged emperor refused to receive him. After much useless scheming to get the ear of Francis Joseph he was advised to obtain the ald of Mme. Schratt, who held at Schoenbrun an influential position. Ferdinand to this favorite a jewel box with a note: "I desire to offer to you the earrings that my mother wore until her death. Delgn to accept them and intercede in my favor with the emperor." Mme. Schritt used her kindly offices, and Francis Joseph consented to receive the king of the Bulgars. Ferdinand had brought a napkin filled with papers that he wished to show to the emperor. After Ferdinand's departure the emperor, turning to his grand chamberlain, said: "It is curious that a king should be so lacking in manners. This fellow has spoken to me as though I were a mere notary!" Welding Glass Welded glass suitable for certain optical instruments and other apparatus is a novel material that is stated to be of great practical value as well as much interest. As the welding process is described by Parker and Dalladay to the Faraday Society of London, the glass surfaces to be joined are placed in good optical contact under pressure and are heated to a carefully predetermined temperature, which, to avoid distortion of optically worked surfaces, must not approach too near what is defined as the "annealing point." This point of appreciable softening is determined for any kind of glass by noting the temperature at which the internal heat stresses seen in the glass with polarized light quite suddenly disappear. Similar glasses unite perfectly well below this point, but with very unlike kinds the softer becomes distorted before the harder is hot enough to make a good weld. Stewed Apples. To stew apples so each quarter is unbroken and so clear one can almost see through it is an art, and yet it is a simple thing to do if one only knows how. Peel tart apples very thin, cut them in quarters and remove the cores and seeds. As fast as you can peel and quarter them drop the apples in a saucepan in which you have already placed cold water to the depth of two inches. When the apples are all in put the saucepan over a slow fire, cover it till the water reaches the boiling point, then remove the cover and let the apples simmer almost imperceptibly till you can pierce them easily with a toothpick; then sprinkle the sugar over them and let them just simmer until it is all melted. Remove the saucepan from the fire and let it stand where the apples will get cold before turning them into a dish for the table. Bumps on the Head. The lump raised by a blow on the head is due to the resistance offered by the hard skull and its close connection with the movable elastic scalp by many circumscribed bands of connective tissue. The result of a blow when the scalp is not cut is the bruising and laceration of many of the small blood vessels or capillaries. Blood or its fluid constituent, serum, is poured into the meshes of the surrounding connective tissue, which is delicate, spongy, distensible and cellular, and the well known bump or lump is quickly formed. This cannot push inward at all and naturally takes the line of least resistance. Similar bumps may be formed on the shin in exactly the same way, for the shin bone also is covered only by skin and subcutaneous connective tissue. Wisdom of Persia Purity is for man, next to life, the greatest good. That purity is procured by the law of Mazda to him who cleanses his own self with good thoughts, words and deeds. Thou shouldst not become presumptuous through any happiness of the world, for the happiness of the world is such like as a cloud that comes on a rainy day, which one does not ward off by any hill.—From the Zend-Avesta, Ancient Persian Scriptures. Continental Congress The first session of the continental congress was held in Carpenter's hall, Philadelphia, Sept. 5, 1774, with forty-four members present. All the colonies were represented except Georgia and North Carolina. Peyton Randolph of Virginia was president and Charles Thomson was secretary. Correct. "It's easy to find out what time it is," said a married man. "If the hall clock says 5:20, and the drawing room clock says 5:50, and the dining room clock says 6:05, and my watch says 6:15, and my wife's little dinky watch says 6, it's 6 o'clock in our house."—Exchange. Dad Gets Back. "So you are going to marry a chorus girl, hay?" "Now, don't kick up a fuss, dad. Two can live as cheaply as one." "I'll give you a chance to prove that. Not a cent increase of allowance do you get."—Louisville Courier-Journal Perseverance. Perseverance is more prevailing than violence, and many things which cannot be overcome when they are together yield themselves up when taken little by little. To know how to wait is the great secret of success.—De Maistre. TEENANJO TEENAN JONES' PLACE 3445 SOUTH STATE STREET Telephone Douglas 4591 The finest and most UP-TO BUFFET and CAFE on the Side. First-Class Entertainer HENRY "TEENAN" JONES, Prop Residence 1262 Macalister Place Telephone Monroe 2714 MILES J. DEVINE ATTORNEY AT LAW Suite 313-329 Reaper Block Clark & Washington Sts. Phones Central 239 Auto. 41-916 Office Phones: Res. 0 Oakland 6081, Auto. 73-688 Dr. Theo. R. DENTIST 4709 S. STATE CHICAGO the finest and most UP-TO-DATE TET and CAFE on the South First-Class Entertainers. RY "TEENAN" JONES, Proprietor. The finest and most UP-TO-DATE BUFFET and CAFE on the South Side. First-Class Entertainers. HENRY "TEENAN" JONES, Proprietor. PHONES: OFFICE, MAIN 4188 AUTOMATIC 33-736 RESIDENCE, DREXEL 7000 Walter M. Farmer ATTORNEY AT LAW SUITE 708, 184 WASHINGTON ST. NOTARYPUBLIC CHICAGO Franklin A. Denison ATTORNEY AT LAW 36 West Randolph St., Chicago Suite 708 Delaware Building Tel. Central 3142 FRANK DUNN I. B. McCAREY Trustees Established 1877 TEL. OAKLAND 1850, 1851, 1852 JOHN J. DUNN SUPERMALL GOAL RETAIL Pifty-First and Armour Avenue RAILYARDS Slot St. and L. B. & M. B. Slot St. and Armour Ave. Last Gas Rail Before War WE bought several extra above, before the first price, because it has proved Hence, the bargain price whi Manufacturers' prices are going now on hand are sold, our pr it's intelligent economy to our NOW and save both range not advanced. At $31.00 (in shown above is $4.00 under $1200 or $1500 Less Than M. Farmer ORNEY AT LAW 184 WASHINGTON ST. Phone Main 2017 Automatic 32-395 l. Central 3142 Trustees Established 187 LAND 1850, 1851, 1852 I J. DUNN GOAL RETAIL A. D. GASH ATTORNEY AT LAW NOW $3100 REDUCED FROM $3500 ONLY $300 DOWN AND $200 A MONTH FOR 14 MONTHS East Gas Range Bargain Before War Prices Come WE bought several extra carloads of the range shown above, before the first advance in manufacturers' price, because it has proved itself to be highly satisfactory. Price, the bargain price while they last. Manufacturers' prices are going still higher. When ranges on hand are sold, our prices will have to go up. So intelligent economy to oust the old range (coal or gas) GW and save both range cost and fuel; for GAS has advanced. At $31.00 (in easy payments) the range above is $4.00 under the regular price and is— $1200 or $1500 Less Than You Will Probably NOW $3100 REDUCED FROM $350 ONLY $300 DOWN AND $200 A MONTH 14 MONTHS Last Gas Range Bargain Before War Prices Come WE bought several extra carloads of the range shown above, before the first advance in manufacturers' price, because it has proved itself to be highly satisfactory. Hence, the bargain price while they last. Manufacturers' prices are going still higher. When ranges now on hand are sold, our prices will have to go up. So it's intelligent economy to oust the old range (coal or gas) NOW and save both range cost and fuel; for GAS has not advanced. At $31.00 (in easy payments) the range shown above is $4.00 under the regular price and is— Have to Pay for This Range in a Few Months For, mark you: This is the Standard Eclipse Compa- No. 477, in white porcelain enamel, as pictured, with full standard equipment, including self-lighter. stalled, connected and adjusted without charge—of co- See it today—down town or at branch stores. Phone, call or write for "The Low Cost of Cooking", by M. Helen Ruggles, domestic science expert. It helps cut the cost of livi- THE PEOPLES GAS LIGHT & COKE COMPANY PEOPLES GAS BUILDING TELEPHONE WABAS mark you: This is the Standard Eclipse Composite, 477, in white porcelain enamel, as pictured, and full standard equipment, including self-lighter. In- d, connected and adjusted without charge—of course. It today—down town or at branch stores. Phone, call or write for "The Low Cost of Cooking", by Mrs. Helen Ruggler, domestic science expert. It helps cut the cost of living. THE PEOPLES GAS LIGHT & COKE COMPANY GAS BUILDING TELEPHONE WABASH 6000 For, mark you: This is the Standard Eclipse Composite, No. 477, in white porcelain enamel, as pictured, and with full standard equipment, including self-lighter. Installed, connected and adjusted without charge—of course. See it today—down town or at branch stores. Phone, call or write for "The Low Cost of Cooking", by Mrs. Helen Ruggles, domestic science expert. It helps cut the cost of living. THE PEOPLES GAS LIGHT & COKE COMPANY PEOPLES GAS BUILDING TELEPHONE WABASH 6000 KINKY Hair Grown: Long, Soft, Silky Gentlemen: I am sending you my picture to let you see what your EXELENTO QUININE POMADE has done for my hair. It has grown to 28 inches long and is very thick, soft and silky and I can sit in plain air. I mean it is the best hair grower in the world. LAURA BANKES Don't be fooled all your life by using some fake preparation which claims to straighten kinky hair. You are just fooling yourself by using it. Kinky hair cannot be made straight. You must have hair first. Now this EXELENTO QUININE POMADE is a Hair Grower which feeds the scalp and roots of the hair and makes kinky nappy hair grow long, soft and silky. Clean dandruff and stops Falling Hairs. Price 28.00 by mail on receipt of stamps or coin. AGENTS WANTED EVERYWHERE Write for Particure EXELENTO MEDICINE CO. ATLANTA, QL. --- --- DONN JEKY Office Phone: Res. 5133 So. Wabash Ava. Oakland 4082, Auto. 73-688 Phone Dresel 18115 Dr. Theo. R. Mozee DENTIST 4709 S. STATE STREET CHICAGO Houro 9 A. M. to 5 P. M., 7 P. M. to 9 P. M. Sundays by Appointment Phone Main 2017 Automatic 32-395 A. L. WILLIAMS ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW Suite 706 Firmenich Bldg. 184 W. Washington St. Residence 5548 Jefferson Av. Phone Midway 5515 Chicago 118 North La Salle St., Chicago Suite #115 to #116 PHONE MAIN 2214 Small One Way. Wife-James, do you know you are a very small man? Husband-How ridiculous! I am nearly six feet in height. Wife-That makes no difference. Whenever I ask you for money to go shopping you are always short. Pittsburgh Chronicle-Telegraph. Harah Words Indeed. "Nothing is so unclean as a used teacup, nothing is so cold as toast which has once been hot, and the concrete expression of dejection is crumbs"—"Selected Tales," by Barry Pain. A Very Little. Bob—Before marriage she told me she loved me a little. Rob—Well? Bob—But, my stars, if I had only knew how little—London Answers. The Right Key. He-Have you heard my new song, "The Proposal!" She-No. What haw is it in? He-Be mine or.-Boston Francscript. It is well to moor your bark with two anchors.-Publius Syrus. THE BROAD AX. CHICAGO, JUNE 9, 1917. The Finding of Old Glory. When the day came that our revolutionary fathers needed to design a flag for the new nation of their heroic founding they had but to lift their eyes to the heavens to find the banner of their faith and pride. In the glowing west, in the burning clouds of the sunset sky—streaming across the wide horizon in alternate bands of flame and mist—the saw the symbol of their own fair dreams, mystic, mighty and baffling. And as they looked there came a sudden rending of the fleecy mass by a wind of liberty's own sending, and through the monster rift thus made they beheld a patch of azure sky set thick with silver stars. The stars—the stripes—the blue—Old Glory, blazoned in beauty across the wonder of God's heaven, for all the world to see. It is our flag—God make us worthy of it—Anne Rankin in Southern Woman's Magazine. False Economy. Some people begrudge the expenditure of money to beautify the home or to bring the comforting message of friendship in time of trouble. To them flowers are of no use, pictures and music a waste of money. But a life restricted to things that go into the pot or are worn on the back results in starving the spirit. "If I had two loaves of bread I would sell one of them to buy white hyacinths to feed my soul." That was the tense and poetic sentiment of a truth oft neglected. Even the poor need other things more than they need money. The money will be gone next month, but the memory of a great bunch of wild flowers remains. "Flower missions" furnish a beautiful ministry that almost any Sunday school class can exercise. Send your posies to the hospitals or to the children of the slums.—Christian Herald. Ministera' Sons. An investigator finds that one-twelfth of all the men whose names appear in "Who's Who" are sons of preachers. Four presidents were sons of ministers—Buchanan, Arthur, Cleveland and Wilson. Three of the great Boston group of writers—Emerson, Lowell and Holmes—were of ministerial parentage, so were Parkman and Bancroft also the remarkable Field brothers—Cyrus W. David Dudley and Stephen J. The influence of the eminent Jona than Edwards appears to have extended far down in the line of his descendants, for the list include one vice president, three senators, thirty judges, sixty authors, twelve college presidents, and not one of the 1,894 who were traced was ever convicted of a crime. The list of clergymen's distinguished sons could be greatly extended, for they are to be found in every line of activity.—Indianapolis Star. How Houses Explode The most remarkable phenomenon connected with tornadoes is the explosion of houses, which literally burst, scattering their fragments in all directions. Sometimes substantial dwellings are carried high into the air and then explode. It is now understood that this is due to the fact that the "funnel cloud" (revolving at a rate of at least 500 miles an hour) has a vacuum inside. Thus it sucks up everything in its path, even emptying wells. It sucks all the air from around a house over which it passes, and the house (a vacuum being thus created outside of it) promptly explodes, owing to the pressure of the air, at thirty pounds to the square inch, from within. The house, in a word, is transformed into a bomb. -Philadelphia Press. About Temperature. The best authorities on the science of meteorology tell us that without the various changes in the temperature there would be a perfect calm at all times in all parts of the globe. A uniform and unvarying barometric pressure would everywhere prevail, and there would be no change of seasons, no evaporation or condensation, no clouds and no rain. In short, without changes of temperature, which we sometimes think so uncomfortable, the atmosphere would soon become poisonous, stagnant and incapable of sustaining human life. Awkwardly Put "I grovel here before you in the dust!" observed the impassioned youth as he sank on to the drawing room floor. "I don't know what you mean by dust," replied she coldly. "I look after this room most carefully myself every morning."-London Tit-Bits. Top and Bottom "My friend," said the long haired passenger to the young man in the seat opposite, "to what end has your life work been directed?" "To both ends," was the reply. "I have the only first class hat and shoe store in the village." To Clarify Fat. Fat is easily clarified if a few pieces of raw potato are added to it and then it is heated slowly in the oven or on top of the stove. When it ceases to bubble, strain through cheesecloth and let it stand till firm. Keep in a cool place. Good Reason. "Why don't you ever laugh at any of my jokes?" "Because I was brought up to respect old age and feebleness."—Baltimore American. No man gets rich whose pocket is a flag station instead of a terminal Youth's Commune. A study of how the world is fed reveals many interesting facts. Australia, the smallest continent, for instance, is the largest meat center of them all. Asia, largest continent, on the other hand, is the smallest meat center among them. Africa and South America lean toward vegetarianism, while Europe and North America are large consumers of meat and other animal products. Taking the world's supply of cattle, hogs and sheep, writes Harold J. Shepstone in the Millgate Monthly, it appears that mankind at large uses in the neighborhood of 20,000,000 tons of meat a year. This would be an average of about thirty-nine pounds per capita throughout the world. In butcher's meat we find the Australian consumes 192 pounds, the American 172 pounds, the Englishman 119 pounds, the German 113 pounds, the Frenchman and Belgian eighty pounds, the Russian fifty pounds.—Manchester Guardian. Activity of the Tongue Nobody's tongue is still for a moment—at all events, in waking hours. The tongue is the most incessantly active of all the body's members. We think of the tongue as an organ of speech, but it is also an organ of feeling. When one eats it is constantly feeling about in the mouth and deciding out of its own "mind" what particles of food are small enough or too big to swallow. Yes, indeed, the tongue has a mind of its own—a ganglion or minor brain—that is busy at mealtimes in regulating the supply of food to the stomach. But for its unceasing guardianship we should suffer much oftener than we do from the distresses of indigestion. We think of the finger ends as our most sensitive organs of feeling. They are not such at all. The end of the tongue is incomparably more delicate and discriminating.—Philadelphia Ledger. Inviolable Envelopes. The ordinary mucilage with which the flaps of envelopes are gummed is composed of gum arabic or dextrine and is only too amenable to the persuasiveness of moisture or "steaming" in the hands of the unscrupulous. Persons who wish to guard their inclosures, whether emotional or financial, against such plifering can seal their letters by a method referred to in the Annales des Telegraphes. This consists in applying white of egg to the flap of an unungumed envelope, then before it has time to dry of itself sealing it by passing a hot iron over it. If the temperature of the latter is from 90 degrees to 100 degrees C. the albumen will be coagulated and the two surfaces of the paper will be solidly united and water tight. Watch For Your Chances. "Every young man has chances coming his way constantly; it is not a question of having chances, but of recognizing chances when they come," says President Bedford of the Standard Oil Company of New Jersey. "You sometimes hear a fellow say, I had a chance once, but didn't take it.' Never mind the chance that is past; watch out for the next one and qualify to be able to seize it. "Success that is worth while is, after all, very largely a matter of plim, everyday morality combined with tremendous industry and a deserved reputation for integrity and for fairness toward the other fellow."—B. C. Forbes in Leslie's. Japan's New Naval Base. Japan's purchase from Portugal of the little island of Macao, at the mouth of the Canton river, near Hongkong, has given Japan a strong naval base, such as Gibraltar gives to Great Britain and Helgoland gives to Germany. It can be used to menace any European power that tries to thwart the ambitions of Japan in China. Mint. Mint occurs only in Matthew xxii, 28, and Luke xi, 42, as one of those herbs the title of which the Jews were scrupulously exact in paying. The horse mint is common in Syria. Not Identical. "Time is money," remarked the pro- verbialist. "And yet the man with millions is the one who seldom seems to have five minutes to spare."—Washington Star. PRACTICAL HEALTH HINT. When an animal is sick it does not worry about it nor about the outcome. Its mental attitude does not hinder nature's healing processes. It goes into the sunshine, takes the rest cure and stops eating and recovers. But if we have rheumatism in one joint we expect other joints to become affected. We worry about it. It is, of course, well established that the right mental attitude assists in cure, and it is equally important to understand that the wrong mental attitude hinders health restoration. Reason, imagination and will power are big factors in the restoration and maintenance of health. Every one should know the laws of suggestion and apply them in relation to health. Discover what habits of living—exercise, breathing, diet, mental habits especially—are conducive to health, live hygienically and expect health, happiness and success. The right mental attitude is vitally important. Consult me, I can save you Worry, Time and Money. 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