The Broad Ax

THE BROAD AX HEW TO THE LINE; LET THE CHIPS FALL WHERE THE MAY Hon. Maclay Hoyne, State's Attorney of Cook County Enters the Race As An Independent Candidate for Mayor of Chicago and He Will Cause the Political Fur to Fly Between Now and the February Primaries. HON. CHARLES ALEXANDER M'COLLOUCH, HON. JOSEPH F. HAAS, HON. CLARENCE S. DARROW, HON. ROBERT M. SWEITZER, HON. EDWARD R. LITZINGER, HON. ALEXANDER REVELL, HON. WILLIAM L. O'CONNELL, HON. JAMES HAMILTON LEWIS, HON. JOHN E. TRAEGER, HON. HENRY STUCKART, ASIDE FROM THE HON. THOMAS CAREY ARE AMONG THE OTHER GENTLEMEN WHO HAVE BEEN FAVORABLY MENTIONED FOR MAYOR OF CHICAGO IN 1919. HON. OSCAR DE PRIEST, HON. LOUIS B. ANDERSON, ATTORNEY ALVA BATES, HENRY GOINS, HON. EDWARD D. GREEN ARE THE LEADING COLORED CANDIDATES FOR ALDERMANIC HONORS IN THE SECOND WARD. From now until the February primaries in 1919, the leading Democratic and Republican politicians will spend many sleepless nights in figuring on how to secure the nomination for mayor of Chicago and if anyone was only wise enough to tell just how the political cat will or would jump at that time they would make ten million dollars and in order to start the political pot to boiling real fast the first of this week the Hon. Maclay Hoyne, State's Attorney of Cook County, launched his boom for mayor of Chicago in his statement to the men and women voters of Chicago among other things he declares that in the past as State's Attorney of Cook County he has honestly endeavored to conserve the interest of all the people residing in this city and county, to the best of his legal ability; for that and for many other reasons; the Hon. State's Attorney, feels his oats to the extent that he should become mayor of Chicago. In the near future he will open up headquarters in one of the leading downtown hotels and make an independent race, for mayor of this city. Hon. State's Attorney feels that THE CITIZEN ADVOCATE OF LOS ANGELES, CAL SOUNDS THE PRAISES OF "THE BROAD AX" The Citizens Advocate of Los Angeles, Cal., which is so ably and brilliantly edited, by our old friend Charles Alexander, reproduced in full, the article by Dr. M. A. Majors, also, his cut on its front page, which he contributed to the twenty-third anniversary edition of The Broad Ax, September 7, 1918. The editor's note in connection therewith follows: "EDITOR'S NOTE:—Mr. Julius F. Taylor, editor and publisher of the Chicago Broad Ax, one of the most enterprising of our journalists, brings out each year an anniversary number many thousands of independent, Democrats and Socialist and Republicans will grace his heels or follow in his footsteps, in that respect. Many of the other gentlemen, who are being urged to enter the race for Mayor of this city, are mentioned above. ♦ ♦ ♦ The bitter aldermanic contest between the would be statesmen or politicians in the second ward has already started in. The leading candidates are: Hon. Oscar DePriest, head of the Peoples Movement, in that ward, who feels confident that he can successfully out run all comers at the primaries and secure the nomination for alderman; Hon. Louis B. Anderson, the present alderman, will put up a stiff fight, to succeed himself in the City Council and he and his many friends feel that it will be nothing to it, but the shouting; Hon. Edward D. Green; Attorney Alva Bates; Henry Goins; Col. William Randolph Cowan; Richard E. Parker; Hon. James G. Cotter; Assistant Attorney General of Illinois and Attorney Augustus L. Williams are among the many other respective candidates. of his valuable journal. This annual offering of our contemporary contains valuable historical data worthy of preservation, and the Twenty-third anniversary number is of especial worth to Negro readers. The article which we reproduce here from the pen of Dr. M. A. Majors is worthy of careful study and for that reason we offer it to the readers of the Citizens Advocate." Thanks, brother Alexander, and long may the Citizens Advocate continue to live and flourish.—Editor. EXTRA SPECIAL NOTICE All matter intended for publication in the issue of The Broad Ax of Saturday, November 30, must reach the editor Wednesday morning, Nov. 27th. ne, State's Atten As An Independent Will Cause the Pouary Primaries. THANKSGIVING PROCLAMATION President Wilson Asks People to Set Aside Nov. 28 as Day to Give Thanks to Ruler of Nations for Return of Peace and Triumph of Right WASHINGTON, D. C.—President Wilson, in a proclamation has designated Thursday, Nov. 28, as Thanksgiving day and said this year the American people have special and moving cause to be grateful and rejoice. Complete victory, he said, has brought not only peace but the confident promise of a new day, as well, in which "justice shall replace force and jealous intrigue among the nations." The proclamation follows: "It has long been our custom to turn in the autumn of the year in praise and thanksgiving to Almighty God for his many blessings and mercies to us as a nation. This year we have special and moving case to be grateful and to rejoice. God has in his good pleasure given us peace. It has not come as a mere cessation of arms, a mere relief from the strain and tragedy of war. It has come as a great triumph of right. "Complete victory has brought us not peace alone but the confident promise of a new day as well, in which justice shall replace force and jealous intrigue among the nations. Our gallant armies have participated in a triumph which is not marred or stained by another purpose of selfish aggression. In a righteous cause they have won immortal glory and have nobly served their nation in serving mankind. "God has indeed been gracious. We have cause for such rejoicing as revives and strengthens in us all the best traditions of our national history. A new day shines about us, in which our hearts take new courage and look forward with new hope to new and greater duties. "While we render thanks for these things let us not forget to seek the divine guidance in the performance of those duties, and divine mercy and forgiveness for all errors of act or purpose, and pray that in all that we do we shall strengthen the ties of friendship and mutual respect upon which we must assist to build the new structure of peace and good will among the nations. "Wherefore, I, Woodrow Wilson, president of the United States of America, do hereby designate Thursday, the twenty-eighth day of November next, as a day of thanksgiving and prayer, and invite the people throughout the land to cease upon that day from their ordinary occupa- 's Attorney ependent C the Political ries. The best and the Repu tions and in their several homes and places of worship to render thanks to God, the ruler of nations. "In witness whereof I have here-unto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. "Done in the District of Columbia this sixteenth day of November in the year of our Lord one thousand nine hundred and eighteen and of the independence of the United States of America the one hundred and forty-third. "WODRGW WILSON." "By the President: "ROBERT LANSING, Secretary of State." THIRD ANNIVERSARY OF THE DEATH OF BOOKER T. WASHINGTON Tuskegee, Ala. — (Special to The Broad Ax — Tuesday, November 14, marked the Third Anniversary of the death of Booker T. Washington, Founder and first Principal of Tuskegee Institute. At the regular Chapel excercises held at the Institute last Sunday night, Dr. Robert R. Moton, present Principal of the Institute delivered a brief, but touching address on the life of Dr. Washington. He said among other things: "Booker Washington was a man with faith in his own race, in the white race; in the North, in the South in himself and in his God'." Is there 94 The best and the most popular Recorder that Cook County has ever had and Republican candidate for Mayor of Chicago in 1919. HON. JOSEPH F. HAAS anything better worth doing young people than to give your lives to service. There is nothing more worth while than to give yourselves to the service of your fellowmen. It does not make any difference who. Crownns and thrones may perish and will. They are perishing. Selfishness will perish. Only virtue and honesty and unselfishness will live forever. Love that suffereth, is kind, is not puffed up, vaunteth not itself. Love will never fail, and love permeated Booker Washington; comforted, directed and guided him in all of the great work God permitted him to do for you and for me." Dr. Moton concluded his remarks with a strong appeal in behalf of the War Work Campaign which was launched at the Institute as follows: "What a wonderful privilege, what a wonderful opportunity you and I have! Nobody has a greater chance to serve where service is most needed than is true of the students and workers of Tuskegee Institute. What a wonderful chance you I have during this war, during this DRIVE, this War Work to help the boys over yonder; all those who may go and those who remain for a while. What a wonderful chance for service we have, and you ought to thank God every night of our lives and every morning for you mothers and fathers, your country; for Booker Washington and Tuskegee Institute". Other speakers in the interest of the War Work Campaign were: Mr. L. E. Graves of the Y. M. C. A No.10 Miss Emma Moses of Anniston, Ala. and Miss Lucy Laney, Founder of Haines Institute, Augusta, Georgia, Tuskegee Institute pledged nearly $3000 to the War Work Campaign. WOMEN MEET IN PHILADELPHIA Philadelphia, Pa., Special — The Colored Committee of the Women's Auxiliary of the Diocese of Pennsylvania held its first meeting of the season in the church house and adopted a detailed plan for active work the coming winter. The committee looks after the interests of the missions for colored people, especially in the Southern States. Mrs. Walter Faro presided and urged the members to greater zeal during the coming season as there are a great number of appeals coming in from the poor districts of the South. She announced that all the pledges made last year had been met and that the boxes promised for 1918 had been forwarded. A letter was read from Bishop Demby, of Arkansas, in charge of a poor district, asking for the donation of his episcopal robes, which his means would not permit him to purchase. The committee at once offered to purchase the outfit and the members made arrangements to meet the expense. The following officers were elected: Mrs. Walter Faro, president; Miss M. Jackson, secretary; Mrs. B. W. Tingley, treasurer; Miss D. Tingley, assistant secretary. PAGE TWO THE BROAD AX Published Every Saturday In this city since July 15th, 1899, without missing one single issue. Republicans, Democrats, Catholics, Protestans, Single Taxers, Priests, infidels or anyone else can have their say as long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in advance. Advertising rates made known on application. Address all communications to THE BROAD AX 6206 So. Elizabeth St., Chicago, Ill. Phone Wentworth 2597. JULIUS F. TAYLOR Editor and Publisher Vol. XXIV November 23, 1918 No. 10 Entered as Second-Class Matter, August 19, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago, Ill., under Act of March 3, 1879 THE HOMES OF TWO COLORED FAMILIES BOMED THE HOMES OF TWO COLORED FAMILIES BOMED Neighbors of the Anderson and Waller families, 4141 and 4143 Berkeley av., served notice on them recently that it might be prudent to move—served it with a shock and a roar that woke everybody in Kenwood, it seems, shattered windows for half a block and damaged the Anderson and Waller homes. Berkeley av. at this point is known as a rather exclusive residence street. Several months ago John Anderson and his folks took the two-story house at 4141—and a little later A. P. Waller and his family moved in next door. Immediately the neighborhood buzzed with talk of "driving the Negroes out." Earlier Warning Unheeded. A month ago a small bomb was exploded between the two houses—much noise and excitement, but no damage, no casualties. "Just a warning!" was what it seemed to say. The colored neighbors refused to heed the warning. The latest bomb was of dynamite. It tore off the front porches of the two houses, knocked down plaster and pictures, crashed in doors and did other damage. That no one was hurt was not the fault of the bomb throwers, say the police. The above is from the daily press, the first part of this week and it simply shows that they are many white Christian savages in this city who should be shot to death for committing such crimes as the above. NOW IS THE TIME TO SUBSCRIBE FOR THE BROAD AX CHARLESE E. STUMP, WHO IN TIME MAY BECOME A GREAT NEWS PAPER WRITER STILL CONTINUES TO HOLD FORTH AT LITTLE ROCK ARKANSAS, AND IN THE OTHER SECTIONS OF THE SOUTH LITTLE ROCK, Ark.—I have heard strange things lately, and some of them I understand and some I do not, and it may be that I will have to call on some of you for information, and if I should, you must not deny me. It is your duty to tell what you know to the fellow that don't know what you know and then you will be wise and he will be wise or wiser. I heard that the war was over, and Germany had turned over guns and they are now returning home to get ready to go into business that will make safe life and property. I hope this is true, for there is more happiness in saving a human life than there is in destroying one. I never want to be guilty of killing only one thing and that is a bed-bug, and I would not kill him if he had any manly qualities about him. He waits until I go to sleep and then he steels around like a real night theif and robs me of my blood. But that is the way he must get his living. I will have to pray over the matter before I can fully decide what I am going to do, you may put it down that something is going to happen and it is not a thousand years off. I was just thinking of the number who are now in some other world, because of the war, and many of them are of this country, and closer still some of them are our own sons, brothers and husbands and intended husbands. They felt called upon to defend the flag of their country, and although they cannot see what I say, nor can any one convey to them the words, yet I want to congratulate them. I wish I had a thousand lives myself, and I would give every one of them for this country, and for this flag. I love it. Our fathers made it possible for me to sing "My Country 'Tis of Thee,'" and when I sing it I get real happy. It is not a shouting song, but I get hapyy just the same over the thought that I have a country and san sing about its rocks and rills and other things about it. That the war is over, if it is true what I heard, then some of our sons will return home, yet I cannot say when for it will take a long time to settle the question. I heard that there had been an election in this country and that both houses were republican. I do not just know what you mean about both houses, but I heard a white man say that on the streets, and declared that the republicans had cheated us out of them, but would get them back in the next election, when another democrat could be elected president of the United States. Now this may be true, I do not know, but I believe that when a letter or something was sent to the newspapers saying that it was the desire to have the American people to elect a democratic congress—well A. E. H. MRS. JAMES HALE PORTER THE BROAD AX. CHICAGO. NOVEMBER 23, 1918 this was not done, and I am told that the election is over. It this true? If so tell me who was elected? It is hard to keep up with this in this world. They go at such a rapid gate. Great things are happening. Are you taking part in them? I have been going some, and have been seeing some few things and people. You see I have been around and about Texas for a long time, because Colonel Frank A. Denison came from Texas and I consider him a great man. He has been to France, and has helped over there to put the kaiser out of business. I think if he and his men had not gone over there and made such a good record the fighting would have continued up to this very hour, and we would be crying because some dear one was killed. Then in Texas we have established the fact that a Negro soldier represented a higher manhood, and he was not to be kicked about by any one. This has been tested out, and almost any man can tell the result. It cost a few lives to establish this. But everything that has been accomplished in way of reform called for the spilling of human blood. I am sure you are willing to agree with me. I have been to Sulphur Springs and had the pleasure of spending just a little time with the Carrolls there, as well as with Rev. C. A. Wallace, pastor of the Baptist church. I visited the church, the Sunday school, the lectures, and at night I left for another part of the world. I made it to Sulphur Springs, and had the pleasure of stopping with the Rev, W. T. Bolden, pastor of the Baptist church. He sounded his trumpet calling his people together and had me to talk to them, which I very much enjoyed. Of course it was a pleasure for me to be there. He just tooted me around all day in his automobile. He toted me out to the country schools, and had me to talk to the children, and I heard one boy out in the country say "That Old man sho is a verb split." I use could split rails, but I don't know much about verbs. That must be some new kind of wood. Give me an old time ax, maul and wedge and I will split all the verbs you want and turn them into kindling wood if you would like to have me do so. I short visit was made to Pittsburg, the home of Mrs. Edna Strickland, president of the Baptist Missionary Educational convention among the women. You remember I told you about them placing on the table for missions and education $6,000 and a little more. This was a real good showing, inasmuch as there was much sickness and they could not go in the church, but just raised the money on the street. Mrs. Strickland is a teacher—in fact she is principal of a large country school, and is kept busy all the time. I shall have more to say another time. Then we come to Little Rock, but before taking up what has impressed me here, I must have a word or so to say about a most successful farmer and truck gardener. A. N. Neeley, of Sweet Home, a suburb of Little Rock, where the Union District Baptist Association met, and where many good things took place. I never saw a man grow so many things in my life. I don't know how much land he has, and I doubt whether or not he knows this, but it is some land, I am here to tell you. Then on it they grow all the things that the earth will produce, and they have hogs, chickens, eggs, butter, milk, automobile, horses, mules, wagons and many other things. It looked to me like they had a million eggs, and they are preserved ready for market next month when eggs will be high. Mrs. Rhine Neeley, the wife like her-husband is a trained woman, and an active worker in the church. She is a Baptist while he is a shouting Methodist, a fine combination. They have a daughter in college, and then a son who is in charge of the automobile. I want to congratulate them on their success. I have mentioned Prof. Joseph A. Booker, and I am sure that I have told you about him before. He is a man who believes in doing things, and you may put it down that I told you he is making things go, and is preparing our boys and girls to take the place of men and women. You see the world is calling for a real man, and unless you can answer the demand, you must stand aside. No time to train children. The Arkansas Baptist college, is one of the institutions in the south selected by the Government for the Student Army Training Corps. It was selected by a combination with the Philander Smith college, each to have a quota of fifty registrants and not over fifty. This put our race on the map in Arkansas, for there is no other point in the state where we could have received an "A" section of the S. A. T. C. I looked at the body of young men, and I could hardly keep from shouting, and then I discovered at the same time my eyes were filled with tears—they wanted to come out in a position of rejoicing. What opportunities placed within reach of our young men, and then I am proud to see them take advantage of it. They are truly men, and will be ready if called upon to defend the country at any time. There are three young men, who are graduates from the Arkansas Baptist college, and if not graduates will be some day, who have the clerical work, and look after the drilling of the young men under the direction of the commanding officer who is a lieutenant. They have been trained for the purpose, and three of the brightest men I know of in any of the schools. They are Spurgeon Morris, Milliam Booker, and Eugene Goosby. Goosby is the undergraduate, while the other two are the real stuff from an educational viewpoint. I think it is nice that we can have the things, and it is the information I am of the opinion our people should have. Believe me, our people are proud of this distinction given the state, and every man is shouting because he has a part in helping to carry on these two colleges. The Baptists are holding their meeting in Helena, as I write this and I shall have something to tell you about them in my next letter. The War Department has shown a disposition to help the young Americans, and I hope that everywhere our boys are taking care of this world. They will have an advanced step over those who came before them, and it may be true of those who come after them. The Arkansas Baptist College is receiving the attention of this own people as never before and they are loud in their praises of Dr. Joseph A. Booker the college president who is doing so much to raise the standard and make his S. A. T. C., one of the best in the world. I think I have said enough for this time. Excuse me until I write you another letter. Get ready to elect a president of the United States, for President Wilson's time will be out in 1920 the same year that W. Sampsom Brooks will be made a bishop in the African Methodist church. Thor J. Benson, who made a splendid race for the Democratic nomination at the September primaries, for Congressman ni the First Congressional District of Illinois, should be selected as one of the delegates, to the New Constitutional Convention, whenever it is held in this state for he would be fair and square in his deliberations, pertaining to the Civil and the Political status, of all of the people, within the confines of Illinois. WHAT IS COSTS TO FREE WORLD OF AUTOCRACY Two Hundred Billions Burnt Up During Greatest War Washington, D. C.—The direct cost of the war for all belligerent nations to last May 1 was reported at about $175,000,000,000 by the Federal Reserve board bulletin, issued today, and it is estimated that the cost will amount to nearly $200,000,-000,000 before the end of this year. For purely military and naval purposes it is estimated that all belligerents had spent about $132,000,000,-000 to May 1. The remainder represented interest on debt, and other indirect war expenses. Cost Grows With Years. The mobilization and the first five months of the war in 1914 cost all beligerents about $10,000,000,000. In 1915 the expenses jumped to $26,000,000,000; in 1916 they increased to $38,000,000,000, and in 1917 they were estimated at $60,000,000,000. This year expenses have run only a little above the rate last year. The public debt of the principal entente allies is calculated at approximately $105,000,000,000, or more than twice as much as the aggregate debt of the central powers, set at $45,000,000,000. This does not take into consideration debt incurred since last May. The annual burden to all belligerents to pay interest and sinking fund allowances will be not less than $10,000,000,000 and probably much more. What Germany Must Pay. Study of Germany's financial situation has been undertaken by government agencies here, with a view to throwing light on the ability of the German nation to pay big sums as reparation for devastation of invaded countries. Unofficial reports indicate that Germany's national debt, represented mainly by war bonds held within the empire, is now nearly $35,000,000,000, or almost two fifths of the estimated national wealth of $80,000,000,000. Financial observers here say some claims for restoration and restitution set forth by interests in a few allied nations are extravagant, because they are beyond Germany's ability, even though this is estimated at the highest. The victorious allies will not concern themselves primarily, it is believed, with Germany's redemption of her own national debt, since this is largely internal. Shows Burden of Germany. Whatever may be the weight of the final burden of reparation and restitution to be placed on Germany, the enormity of the task ahead of her may be illustrated by comparison of her national debt with that of the United States. Germany has 66,000,000 population and $80,000,000,000 of estimated wealth to pay $35,000,000,000 of war debt already created. The United States has 110,000,000 population and an estimated national wealth of $250,000,000,000 to pay nearly $18,000,000,000 war debt already created, or approximately $23,000,000,000 within another six months. This means that the per capita burden will be at least three times greater in Germany than in the United States. Ukraine Region Ukraine is from the Russian and Polish "Ukraina," meaning the frontier, which includes the extensive frontier region between Poland and Russia, forming the districts of Klet, Chernigov, Podolsk, Kharkov and Potkava. The region is watered by the Dnieper, which intersects it in a windy course from north to south. Black soil overlies the Ukraine territory, which produces two-thirds of all the cereals grown in the whole of Russia. The Ukraine takes leading rank in most other natural resources of Russia. Paper Conservation Not New Paper Conservation Not New. The Chinese have an ancient custom of old when Europe was young, and based upon their respect for learning, ob serves Robert L. McElroy of the National Security league. They never allow paper which contains written symbols to litter the streets or fills Chinese mothers train their children to deposit all such scraps of paper in the picturesque little buildings which dot the temple gardens. "The wrath of heaven falls upon those who disregard this duty" is a lesson carried in each tiny Chinese heart. Home. Sweet. Home Home is the one place in all this world where hearts are sure of each other. It is the place of confidence; it is the place where we tear off that mask of guarded and suspicious coldness which this world forces us to wear in self-defense, and where we pour out the unreserved communications of full and confiding hearts. It is the spot where expressions of tenderness gush out without any sensation of awkwardness, and without any dread of ridicule—Exchange. Cloves a Microbe Killer The odor of cloves has been known to destroy microbes in 32 minutes; cinnamon will kill some species in 12 minutes, thyme in 35 minutes. In 40 minutes common wild verbena is found effective, while the odor of some geranium flowers has destroyed various forms of microbes in 50 minutes. The essence of cinnamon is said to destroy the typhoid fever microbes in 12 minutes, and is recorded as the most effective of all odors as an antiseptic "A Bit More." Near a great city school is a shop known to the children who patronize it as the "Bit More Shop." The propritor caters to the boys and girls in little things the children like, and he always gives good measure—an extra apple or a "bit more" of candy. There are three classes of people; those who don't do their duty, those who do the duty and those who do their duty and something more.—Christian Herald Periwinkles Cultivated Along the coast of Brittany periwinkles are grown for market in shallow water, in beds floored with boards and fenced with wire net. The beds are filled and emptied by the tides which bring abundant food. When 18 months old the mollusks are big enough to be harvested, a fair yield being ten tons to the acre. Chinese Tea Houses Just as England has highway terns and as we have roadhouses along our highways, so has China her tea houses. The Chinese do not indulge much in intoxicants, and tea is about the strongest drink they consume. Tea houses there are about as numerous as ice cream and soda resorts are here. Heat From the Sun. One square yard of the earth's sun face receives each six-hour day of sunshine heat equal to that in 15 pounds of coal. Thus an area of 1,200 miles receives in a year energy equivalent to that obtainable from the 100,000, tons of coal mined annually in Europe and the United States. To Blue Gun Barrel. A simple method of bluing a gun barrel requiring no heat is as follows. Clean the barrel carefully and apply a solution of one part nitric acid and ten parts water. When blue film has formed on surface, wash with warm water, wipe thoroughly dry and rub well with linseed oil. Novek Bean Huller An ingenious gardener has discovered that beans can be hulled with a clothes wringer. If the tension between the rollers is slightly loosened the beans will fall out of their pits without being broken. Back to First Principles Back to First Principle Every once in a while, when humanity gets scared, it ablides by the sensible laws of cleanliness and physical care laid down when the first trees bloomed — Newark News. SPECIAL NOTICE. From on and after this date; all matter intended for publication in the current issue of this paper, must reach the editor, not later than Thursday morning. Personal or social items published free. Write plainly and briefly on one side of the paper only. Tokyo, considered the educational center of the country, vibrates with student life. In addition to its imperial university, there are two large private universities with over 12,000 students, various technical schools, commercial schools, normal colleges, high schools, middle schools, a foreign language school, Buddhist and missionary schools and 284 primary schools. Gertrude Emerson writes in Asia Magazine. The presence of thousands of young students from distant parts of the country who have answered the lure of the capital has brought about a curious housing problem. Many schools provide their own dormitories; most of the provinces support one, and certain philanthropic persons make contributions. The greater number of these Tokyo dormitories and boarding houses are located in the quarter of Kanda, or the "Latin Quarter," as the students themselves ephemeristically call it. Jimbo Cho, the principal thoroughfare, with its rows and rows of little open-faced second-hand book shops catering to the promiscuous student taste, almost rivals the Quais of Paris. A tour of inspection will throw an interesting side light on young Japan's mental furniture. There is invariably a section devoted to foreign books, most English translations of such writers as Maupassant, Zola, Baudelaire, Maeretilnck, and the Russians; Ibsen, Oscar Wilde, Shaw and, by the way of showing the open mindedness of the age, Schopenhauer and Conan Doyle very frequently side by side on the same shelf. Then there are volumes of theology and innumerable "Self Helps to Practical English." It is a curious, indigestible, ill assorted mass of literary material—this that the Japanese student avidly swallows, like a prescribed dose, convinced that with one gulp he will become master of all Western wisdom. DEMAND FOR HOLY PLACES So Long as Religion Exists There Must Be Spots Devoted by Men to Veneration. As long as religion exists men will look for its holy places. If they do not find its sanctuaries ready at hand in the natural features of the country in which they live, or if they are not provided with places consecrated by the history of the past, they will make them for themselves in their churches and their shrines. Men need some special place where they can know that they are in the Divine presence and can offer their homage before his throne. The places of men's veneration are frequently impressive and beautiful, but, on the other hand, they may be the barest buildings, having nothing of grace or beauty to please the eye. Yet the meenest building becomes ablaze with Divine glory to those who have met God within its walls. And where generation after generation of men, each in its turn, has bent in reverence to worship, or to listen in faith to the word of the most high in warning, encouragement or comfort as they most need, they have dedicated holy places with a reverence due to the honor of God and the memory of his people.—London Times. The Ancient Quinu The quipu reached its most elaborate form among the Peruvians, from whose language the term "quipu," meaning "knot," is borrowed. It consists of a main cord, to which are fastened at given distances thinner cords of different colors, each cord being knotted in divers ways for special purposes, and each color having its own significance. Red strands stood for soldiers, yellow for gold, white for silver, green for corn, and so forth, while a single knot meant ten, two knots meant twenty, double knots two hundred. Such simple devices served manifold purposes. Besides their convenience in reckoning, they were used for keeping the annals of the empire of the Incas; for transmitting orders to outlying provinces; for registering details of the army. Individuality in Groves To many people a grove is a grove, and all groves are alike. There is as marked a difference between different forests as between different communities. A grove of pines without underbrush, carpeted with the fine-fingered russet leaves of the pine, and odorous of resinous gums, has scarcely a trace of likeness to a maple woods, either in the insects, the birds, the shrubs, the light and shade, or the sound of its leaves. . . . At any rate, the first pines must have grown on the sea shore, and learned their first accents from the surf and the waves; and their posterity have borne it land to the mountains.—Henry Ward Beecher. Liberty Is Responsibility. Peace and order and security and liberty are safe so long as love of country burns in the heart of the people. It should not be forgotten, however, that liberty does not mean lawlessness. Liberty to make our own laws does not give us license to break them. Liberty to make our own laws commands a duty to observe them ourselves and to enforce obedience among all others within their jurisdiction. Liberty is responsibility, and responsibility is duty, and that duty is to preserve the exceptional liberty we enjoy within the law and for the law and by the law.—McKinley. FELT PITY FOR VAIN MAN "So Full of Himself That He Has No Room for Anything Else," Wrote William Penn. A vain man is a nauseous creation; se is so full of himself that he has no room for anything else, be it never so good and deserving. 'Ts I at every turn that do this, or can do that. And as he abounds in comparison, so he is sure to give himself the better of everybody else: according to the proverb, all the geese and swans. They are certainly to be pitted that can be so much mistaken at home. But at the same time one would wonder they should not feel the blows they give themselves or get from others, for this intolerable and ridiculous temper; nor show any concern for that makes others blush for, as well as at them, viz., their unreasonable assurance. . . Whereas the greatest understandings doubt most, are readiest to learn, and least pleased with themselves; this, with nobody else. For though they stand on higher ground, and so see further than their neighbors, they are yet humbled by their prospect, since it shows them something so much higher and above their reach. And truly then it is, that sense shines, with the greatest beauty, when it is set in humility.—William Penn, in "Fruits of Solitude." POE'S PLACE IN LITERATURE America Has Not Accorded Due Honor to Her Gifted Son, Is Opinion of Hamilton W. Mabie. A national literature must have many notes, and Poe struck some which in pure melodic quality had not been heard before. As literary interests broaden, and the provincial point of view gives place, the American estimate of Poe will approach more nearly the foreign estimate. That estimate was based mainly on a recognition of Poe's artistic quality and of the marked individuality of his work. Lowell and Longfellow continued the old literary traditions; Poe seemed to make a new tradition. . . . The artist always pushes back the boundaries a little, and opens a window here and there through which the imagination looks out upon the world of which it dreams, but which it sees so rarely; and we are not prone to mete out with mathematical exactness our praise of those who set us free. If we lose our heads for a time when Kipling comes with his vital touch, his passionate interest in living, the harm is not great. Poe may have been over-valued by some of his eager French and German disciples, but, after all deductions are made, their judgment was nearer the mark than ours has been; and it was nearer the mark because their conception of literature was more inclusive and adequate—Hamilton W. Mable. Finding Fault. Addison says, "What an absurd thing it is to pass all over the valuable parts of a man and fix our attention on his infirmities!" But that seems to be the habit. About the first thing we try to find in a man is his faults. They are apt to transcend his virtues, even if the virtues are mountain high. It is a deplorable habit, for it not only does great injustice to the person criticized, but it hurts the critic himself. It lowers his views of life and confirms the habit of seeing the worst side of human experience and losing sight of the bright side. No man can be a moral man, or a religious man of any faith, who is constantly searching for the faults of people. The first duty a man owes to his neighbor is to look for the bright side and he will then find, in most cases, that the dark side is much smaller than he suspected. The thing to attack is the sin, for we will discover that that is greater than the man who is guilty of it—Ohio State Journal. Our Sister in Typhoid. In his "Past and Present," that opening gun of the midnineteenth century radical campaign, Thomas Carlyle tells a grisly story of a poor Irish widow in Edinburgh, who begged for help. "She was refused, till her strength and heart failed her; she sank down in typhus fever; died, and infected her lane with fever so that 17 other persons died of fever there in consequence. The forlorn Irish widow applies to her fellow creatures, 'Behold, I am sinking. I am your sister; one God made us.' They answer, 'No, impossible; thou art no sister of ours.' But she proves her sisterhood; ner typhus fever kills them; they are actually her brothers though denying it." Man Has Much to Learn. Man thinks he is a pretty smart fellow now. And so he is, but it must be somewhat of a bump to his pride when he considers how long it took him to learn the few things that he knows. For it is really only a few things that man yet knows compared to the things that surely he is destined yet to know. It is true that he has invaded both the kingdoms of the fishes and the birds, that he can navigate the under waters of the seas and the upper winds of the air, but these are probably small achievements in view of that which it is possible for him to achieve in the future.—Los Angeles Times. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, NOVEMBER 23, 1918 MADE THE WORD MEAN MUCH All the English Pretty Bulgarian Understood was "London," but She Gave It Decided Expression. It is curious that the name London is more generally known the world over than the name England is. In commercial circles "London" stands for most articles of English manufacture. In all the East it represents a nation. The author of "Under the Red Crescent," who was a surgeon of the Turkish army in 1877, found that in the near East, no farther away than Bulgaria, "London" served to identify him. It did even more than that in a conversational way, as he tells us in his book. My first landlord—who was landlord in name only, for of course I never paid him any rent—was a Bulgarian, he says, and his daughter was one of the few pretty women that I ever saw in Bulgaria. Conversation with her, however, was restricted by our ignorance of each other's language, for I knew scarcely any Bulgarian, and the only word of English that she could say was "London." Whenever I saw that girl she would show her white teeth with a charming smile, flash her big, black eyes, and with beautiful relevance ejaculate: "London." Whether she knew what London meant I cannot say, but her limited vocabulary expressed more in its way than the gushing phrases of many more brilliant talkers. When she said "Logdon" with a bright air of welcome and a frank smile as I came home at night tired out with my day's work, I knew that she meant "Good evening, doctor! I hope you haven't had a very hard day today; and see, here is your toast and coffee ready." When she uttered the word with a backward turn of the head and with a pretty glance as she passed out of the door, it was very evident that she was really saying: "Good night now, doctor! Pleasant dreams to you, and I hope a Russian shell won't find you in the morning."—Youth's Companion. NO DAINTY DISHES SERVED "Coarse Fare" All That Is Offered to Diners Who Celebrate the Birthday of Samuel Johnson. An unusual celebration is the dinner in honor of Dr. Samuel Johnson, most distinguished English writer of the eighteenth century, given for many years on the anniversary of his birth at Litchfield, where he was born in 1709. Literary men from all over England assemble at the banquet and the menu is always the same—the "coarse fare" beloved by the author. Americans would call it a square meal with all the trimmings, for the dishes specified are beefsteak pudding with kidneys, haunch of mutton, oysters and mushrooms, apple pie with cream and toasted cheese, ale and punch, to be followed by a dish of strong tobacco and a church-warden pipe for each surviving guest. This is strong meat for a strong man and a Litchfield Johnson dinner is always a "stag" affair. The house in St. Mary's square where Johnson was born is now a museum and library of rare first editions of "Rasselas," the "Adventurer," the diettionary, "Rambler" and Johnson's political tracts and poetical works, as well as about 40 different editions of Boswell's "Life." England's Gleaning Bell. The "gleaning bell" is known in some places—as at Drillfield, Yorks—as the "harvest bell," and is sounded at five in the morning and seven in the evening to mark the hours of labor in the fields. Among the old records in the parish chest at Barrow-on-Humber is an instruction to the parish clerk "to ring a bell every working day morning and evening at sun-setting until harvest be fully ended, and for this service each of the cottagers shall give him two peck of wheat." The clerk at Lyddington, Rutland, is entitled to charge each adult gleaner 1d, for ringing the "gleaning bell."—London Chronicle. Onions a Disinfectant. Much has been said about the virtues of the onion, but few know of its use as a disinfectant. An onion cut in half and set in a room will attract to itself all manner of germs, leaving the air sweet and pure; it is therefore most valuable in cases of infection. You should take care, however, to burn the onion afterward. No part of an onion should ever be used for domestic purposes after having been allowed to lie about overnight. The eating of raw onions is a great personal protective in time of epidemic, and if taken with cucumbers the breath is left innocent of any objectionable odor. Beecher's Poetic Fancy. I like best a forest of mingled trees, ash, maple, oak, beech, hickory and evergreens with birches growing along the edges of the brook that carries itself through the roots and stones toward the willows that grow in yonder meadow. It should be deep and somber, in some directions running off into shadowy recesses and coverts beyond all footsteps. In such a wood there is endless variety. It will breathe as many voices to your fancy as might be brought from any organ beneath the pressure of Handel's hands. Handel and Beezen always remind me of forests—Henry Ward Beecher. The new museum of Santa Fe claims that "one must go to New Mexico to find an American architecture and an American art." The restored houses of the Pueblos, the Franciscan missions, are ingenuous for they have been produced by the environment, the native building material, and the climate. In Santa Fe through the exports of the School of American Research, there has been fostered a renaissance of this ancient American architecture, one of the fairest results being: the Museum building, or Temple of St. Francis and the Martyrs. Six of the ancient Franciscan mission churches, 300 years old, are reproduced in the facade, without destroying the unity of its appearance; they are Acoma, San Felipe, Cochti, Lagunn, Santa Ana and Pecos. The outlines are hard, stiff plumb lines or levels. There are no exact repetitions or parallelisms, such as mark the California mission style. The massive doors of Santa Clara have been reproduced. There are cloisters and, of course, a patio. The new museum is an art gallery, part of the Museum of New Mexico, whose priceless archeological and historical collections are housed in the Palace of the Governors. Here are Taos and Santa Fe art colonies, numbering about 40 artists of international note. WAS USED TO QUICK ACTION Moving Picture Scenario Writer Accustomed to Taking Things "on the Fly," as it Were. He had never seen her before, but he fell in love with her as she stepped from the surface car. "Come," he said, grabbing her by the arm. "We will take a taxi to the nearest clergyman and be married." While waiting for the minister to put on a clean collar, wash his hands and otherwise prepare for the ceremony, the young man telephoned to the nearest furniture store. "Hello! Is this the general manager? Well, I want you to furnish a three-room apartment for me. There is one advertised in this morning's Planet. No. 42 West One Hundred and Steenth street. Yes, it is not very far from you. Have the furniture there in ten minutes, please." Eleven minutes later a taxi raced through One Hundred and "Steenth street, and the bride and groom entered their new home. "Doesn't this seem—er—a little bit sudden to you?" asked the bride, as she sat down to get her Breath. "N-no, not exactly," replied the groom. "In fact, it seems the most natural thing in the world. You see, for the last five years I've done nothing but write moving-picture scenarios."—Film Fun. Historic Cid Lusitania Among the historical mementoes in old Lusitania, which is an ancient name of the western part of Hispania, including a part of modern Portugal, is an ancient church ruin which stands off the Rue De San Roque. It is the former Carmo Cathedral, a conspicuous object high above the Baxio. The outer walls and piers and arches of the naves still remain. The chancel and chapels retain their roofs, and in the precincts an archeological museum has been established. Here manyRelies from ruined ecclesiastical buildings have found a refuge, among others two stone fountains in the Arabic style; one from the extinct monastery of Penha Longa, on the serra of Cintra. The other was brought from Barbary after the conquest, in 1462, and given to Prince Henry the Navigator, who presented it to the Faro church as a holy water receptacle. There it had been lying neglected for years in the cemetery. Good That Is Evil Spoken Of. Our good is often evil spoken of because of our thoughtlessness. The woman who looked askance at a stranger who had been shown into her pew did not really mean to hurt that stranger's feelings, to send her away from church that day with the inward resolution never again to enter its doors, but such was the effect of her lack of thought. Our good is often evil spoken of because of the unnecessary harshness of our manner. It is an oft-repeated excuse of offenders of this kind. "I was born with an unfortunate disposition; I am brusque, and have no fineness of touch; it is her hereditary." This is an attempt to dodge responsibility, to transfer the censure to our ancestors—who cannot defend, themselves. Harshness of manner may be temperamental, but it is hardly constitutional. It is an ungrateful and harmful habit, and it can be cured. Anfluence. The world is only just beginning to understand the extent to which individuals and nations may be and have been swayed by silent mental influence. A man prefers, of course, to believe that he is the master of his own conclusions and the arbiter of his own conduct; but let anyone ask himself how he, arrived at any given conclusion or decided upon a certain line of conduct, and unless he can own to an intelligent conception of divine principle upon which he relles for guidance, he will have to admit, if he is equal to the analysis, that he has been swayed throughout his career by influences not his own.—Christian Science Monitor. THAT GOOD OLD RAIL FENCE Among the once necessaries of farm life that reflected prodigality in the use of valuable timber was the old rail fence, observes the Columbus Dispatch. Like many other almost bygones of rural life, its place in farm wastefulness now is well established and yet it had its uses for which the present straight line wire fencing cannot qualify. The old rail fence's serrated stretches were the frames of small animal life that now are rapidly disappearing. Around its timbers there grew the uncultivated blackberry, with its sister, the raspberry, and among its recesses there thrived the elder whose fruit once was coveted pie material and whose blossoms were the foundation for elderberry wine that matrons served of a winter evening when the neighbors gathered. The rail fence, with its invariable undergrowth, was the favorite protection for Bob White in winter, and from its top he sang in the warmer seasons. Beneath, the little ground squirrel burrowed. From safe retreat he chattered if some intruder came near to annoy him as he was busily engaged in gathering his store of food for the snow time. To the harvest hand it afforded protection at the end of the long row for a brief respite and its corners formed shaded nooks under which the water jug might be kept. And from what royal timber was this old fence constructed! Black walnut logs, chestnut logs and the smooth lengths of the ash tree were cleft by numerous rail splitters for the "seven high" fence that stood the storms of decades. There was many a black walnut rail whose timber would make the manufacturer of gun stocks chortle with satisfaction had he such a present supply of wood at his command. NAMES IN ASIA'S GOLDEN ERA What Genghis Khan, Destroyer, and Tamerlane, Upbuilder, Accomplished in Samarkand. Whenever one is shown a ruin in Samarkand, the native explains that "Genghis Khan destroyed it." If a monument still wears some vestige of its former grandeur "Tamerlane erected it." Everywhere is carried down from generation to generation memories of Genghis Khan, the destroyer, and Tamerlane, the upbuilder. It is to Tamerlane, who reigned at the end of the fourteenth century, that Samarkand owes its most beautiful monuments, Elsie F. Well writes in Asia Magazine. With his exploits he inspired the imagination of countless poets of as many nations, including Christopher Marlowe, for he was a great sovereign and organizer as well as a mighty conqueror. When Tamerlane returned to his capital after vanquishing most of Asia he was determined to make it the loveliest city in the world. To Persia, Mesopotamia, India and China he sent for the most celebrated artisans, ordering them here to create their masterpieces. Byzantine, Persian and Arabic influences in art were all melted into a perfect harmony—greens and blues mellowing into each other like the sea and the sky—a vast and reverend chorus of beauty. Closely Related. Her aunt had consented to take Bertha to the country for a two-week stay, but had flatly refused her small niece's entreaties to take Dodo, the doggie, along. Upon returning from their trip Bertha missed the welcoming bark of her favorite and anxiously inquired, "Where is Dodo?" Taking her by the hand, her mother led her to a padded basket which held the proud young mother, Dodo, and her seven two-day-old puppies. Clapping her hands gleefully, Bertha ran back to her aunt and panted excitedly: "Oh, auntie, come quick and see! Dodo has got seven of the sweetest little brothers and sisters, and they're all twins." Joy of Carryind a Cane. To go a journey without a walking stick much would be lost; indeed, it would be folly. A stick is the flywheel of the engine. Something is needed to whack things with little stones, wormy apples, and so forth, on the road. It can be changed from one hand to the other, which is a great help. Then if one slips a trifle on a downgrade turn it is a lengthened arm thrown out to steady one. It is the pilgrim's staff. On the upgrades it assists climbing. It is a weapon of defense if such should ever be needed. It is a badge of dignity, a dress sword. It is the scepter of walking—From "Walking Stick Papers," by Robert Cortes Halliday. Chrysanthemum in Japan. Chrysanthemum in Japan. Back in the sixteenth year of the reign of Emperor Kwammu was the first poem written to the chrysanthemum, or kiku, but away back in Japanese mythology the flower was reverenced above all others. Originally it was called the kuku, presided over by the goddess Kuku Hima. The great feast was first kept by Emperor Murakami in 1611. And still the guests follow the empress through her gardens on the ninth day of the ninth month, lunarically speaking, and reverently watch the crimson crowns poised on slender stems beneath their silken coverings. PAGE THREE "Beating the Bounda." In Virginia, at Least, Drew Together Neighbors From Far and Near. "Beating the bounds" was a specially important duty in the colonies, where land surveys were imperfect, land grants irregular, and the boundaries of each man's farm or plantation at first very uncertain. In Virginia this beating the bounds was called "processioning." Landmarks were renewed that were becoming obliterated; blazes on a tree would be somewhat grown over — they were deeply recut; piles of great stones containing a certain number for designation were sometimes scattered—the original number would be restored. Special trees would be found fallen or cut down; new marking trees would be planted, usually pear trees, as they were long-lived. Disputed boundaries were decided upon and announced to all the persons present, some of whom at the next "processioning" would even be able to testify as to the correct line. This processioning took place between Easter and Whitsuntide, that lovely season of the year in Virginia; and must have proved a pleasant reunion of neighbors, a May-party. In New England this was called "perambulating the bounds," and the surveyors who took charge were called "perambulators" or "boundsgoers."—Allice Morse Earle in Child Life in Colonial Days. DREADED SNAKE UNDER FALLS According to Indian Superstition, Reptile's Breaking Loose Ended in Destruction of Villages. Formerly, according to Indian superstition, there dwelt under Niagara falls a gigantic snake, which now and then would make its way to an Indian village and coll itself around the town. It swallowed the people, and made itself further obnoxious by poisoning the springs and wells with its spittle. The Hiwassoe river, in the southern Allegheny region, is infested by an enormous leech. Occasionally a certain ledge of rock is exposed when the water is low, so that people are tempted to cross over it. Anybody who tries to do so, however, is inevitably seized and sucked down. Neur the head of the Savannah river are the famous Talula falls. It has been well known for centuries that the Thunder Spirit lives beneath these falls, and its roaring may at any time be heard in the noise of the cataract. One hundred miles to the southeast of Death valley (in California) is Dead mountain, which is the abode of multitudes of ghosts. At all events, the Indians so believe, though when one approaches the mountain one perceives that the spooks are merely broken and precipitous rocks shining white in the sun. Life of Chilean Girls The Chilean girl's reason for being is marriage, and one of her earliest lessons is that woman's place is indeed the home and that man is ordained her master, the World Outlook says. Old maids have a particularly horrid time in Chile and most of them take the vell. There is little else for them to do, for they can't all become schoolteachers and no other career is open for the young woman who does not marry. Women journalists, doctors, lawyers, stenographers and clerks are practically unknown. Perhaps this somewhat oriental ideal of Chilean womanhood explains why the tinkling of the piano rather than the clicking of typewriter keys is the chief mechanical noise one hears at the Santiago College for Girls, and why the most important exercise is an exhibit of fine needlework and hand-painted china rather than essays on "Why the Woman Needs the Vote." Famous Writer of Songs. The songs that George F. Root composed or arranged during the Civil war would almost fill a volume. With George Root music was a profession. He was born in Massachusetts in 1820, and studied music both in this country and abroad. Before, during and for a considerable time after the Civil war, Mr. Root was a music publisher in Chicago. Previous to the war he had written a number of cantatas and similar compositions, but when the war started he turned all of his attention to composing war songs. One of the most spirited songs was "Tramp, Tramp, Tramp, the Boys Are Marching," and its composition should entitle him to rank among the makers of living national music. Next to "Tramp, Tramp, Tramp," the most popular of Root's war songs was "The Battle Cry of Freedom." Fishing in Japan. Japanese fishermen catch their fish in a way very different from our fishermen. The fisherman will sit in his little boat and have with him eight or ten ugly black birds, almost the size of a goose, called cormorants. These birds live altogether on fish. They are trained to obey their owner's voice. He makes them dive into the water after the fish and they are so quick and clever and sharp-eyed that they hardly ever come up out of the water without fish in their beak. A ring is placed around their throats to prevent them from swallowing their booty, but it is not so tight that it prevents them from breathing. When the man is through fishing he unfastens this ring and lets his birds eat some of the smaller fish which they have caught. | 7 HON. JOSEPH HIGGINS SMITH ‘The most popular member of the City Council who is ever ready to work hard for the best interest of all the people residing this City, who would make a tip-top candidate for City Treasurer of Chicago in 1919. Se THE BIRTH OF A RACE WILL | Race.” Hundreds of others play small OPEN UP AT THE BLACK- | parts, and in addition thousands of STONE THEATER, SUN- | “extras” are seen as soldiers, citizens, DAY EVENING, DEC. Ist.! workmen, peasants, and the like. oe ieeeieca ria The Birth of a Race which 4 been produced by, the Birth of «| MAKERS QF THE Race Photoplay Corporation, after| the expenditure of almost one mil- BIRTH OF A RACE lion dollars; will be thrown on the se sereen at ‘the Blackstone Theatre,| The story was written by three Michigan Avenue and Seventh Street. | men: George Frederic Wheeler, for- ‘As this great photoplay deals with | erly with Triangle films; Rudolph the Colored race, from the most re-| De Cordova, whose plays have been mote ages down to the present time; | Seen in London and New York; John every race loving Colored person in | W- Noble, who was a writer before Chicago, should honor themselves, by | he was @ director. being present at the Blackstone| Directed by John W. Noble, di- ‘Theater, during its exhibition there.| rector of the Francis Bushman-Be- ‘The makers and the actors, in the| verly Bayne “Romeo and Juliat,” Birth of a Race, are as follows: “My Own United States” and other ACTORS IN THE BIRTH OF A RACE Jane Gray, well known stage star, originated the leading part in “The Eyes of Youth.” Anna Lehr, seen in “My Own U- nited States,” “The Yellow Ticket” and other pictures. - Alice Gale, popular stage character ‘woman. Doris Doscher, artist's model, pos -ed for the figure on the new twenty- five cent coin. Belle Seacombe, with Mary Garden in her pictures. Anita Cortez, formerly with Gold- wyn Pictures. Gertrude Braun has appeared in many pictures for the big companies. Charles Graham, leading character actor of stage and screen. You may have seen his wonderful characteriza- tion of Aaron Burr in “My Own United States.” Philip Van Loan, the best imper- sonator of the Nazarene. Frederick Herzog, last seen in “My Four Years in Germany.” Egwin Boring, great make-up art ist, who played many parts in “A Daughter of the Gods.” Olaf Skavalin, the impersonator of General Pershing in “Why Americs Will Win.” “ Charles Prince, well known on bott stage and screen. Harry Semmels, importantly em ployed in “Potash and Perlmutter.” Dick Lee, who has played ever} kind of a part ever known. David Wall, for » long time with “Way Down East.” George LeGuere, popular leading map. . Charter B. Harkness has appeares in @ great variety of pictures. ” ‘Mrs. M. K. Carr and her talente: children are a whole company. ‘Ben Hendricks is known to mos theatergoers. ‘The above are only = few of th ‘gctors appearing in “The Birth of : PAGE FOUR Race.” Hundreds of others play small parts, and in addition thousands of “extras” are seen as soldiers, citizens, workmen, peasants, and the like. pg MAKERS OF THE BIRTH OF A RACE The story was written by three men: George Frederic Wheeler, for- merly with Triangle films; Rudolph De Cordova, whose plays have been seen in London and New York; John W. Noble, who was a writer before he was a director. Directed by John W. Noble, di- rector of the Francis Bushman-Be- verly Bayne “Romeo and Juli¢t,” “My Own United States” and other good pictures. Assisted by Charles Horan, who di- rected Mae Marsh in “Polly of the Circus.” __ And Arthar Vaughan, late of the William Fox pictures, and now with the Canadian Flying Corps.. Under the supervision of Rex We- ber, director of the Rex Comedies and the Chicago Herald-Examiner “Smil- = With technical direction by Wil- liam Bruce Bradley, formerly with Metro pictures, now in the United States navy. - Photography by Herbert 0. Carl- ‘ton, one of the real motion picture photographers of the country. Art titles by Ferdinand Pinney Earl, the greatest animated title art. ist in the world. Electrical effects by Paul Zeidler, of the Klaw and Erlanger theatrical enterprises. Properties ‘by Charles Schaffer, with Metro and other big picture com- panies. : Costumes by Mrs. Gussie Schmidt, wardrobe mistress for the Metropol- a Opera Company. Music by Joseph -Breil, composer of the music for “The Birth of a Na- tidn” and “Intolerance,” who wrote “The Song of a Soul,” played and sung in “The Climax;” and whose new opera is to be produced this season by the Metropolitan Opers Company of New York. Staged in the Blackstone Theatre Chicago, by Will H. Gregory, one of the best known stage managers ip America. Orchestra of thirty selected musi cians under the direction of Josep! ' Breil himself. ‘The Texas Club is making = cam- paign for new members. Next Sun- day every church in Chicago will be picketed by a delegated committee man. Reports will be made Tues day evening, No. 26 at 3153 Fores! ‘Ave. Texas people who do not get on the Sunday list. Dr. M. A. Majors ‘President. MOVE FOR YOUR LIBERTY) "9 (Sa a the ‘‘slaves of the 20th cent COLORED AMERICANS ‘The League’s secretary humbly | —— thé race, in the name of his dep WORLD-WAER CLOSES - ORGANIZE | wife, a martyr to its cause, to \ AND ‘MEET FOR ABOLITION OF | cate its honor and move for a RACE AUTOCRACY AT TIME— | of the world democracy. COLORED DELEGATES, ON Rev. EB. W. Moore, Columbus, TO WASHINGTON DEC. 16 1918,| President. — . BOSTON, Mass., Nov.—The world war for world democracy has been ended by Germany's surrender to Marshal Foch and the Aflies. We, Colored Americans have been, both voluntarily and by law. a part of this world war. Freedom from race proscription, and class autoeracy pro- vails as a result of it even beginning now in Prussia, except for us Colored Americans. We are only partial ci- tizens, we pave only partial liberty, we live under race class autocracy and neither our government nor our country’s organized civilian elements have moved definitely for wiping out this anomalous and autoeratie condi- tion. It is left to us to do so, the only persecuted class, and 12 million stronz Only by organizing can the strength and authority of 12 million be brought to bear for this cause. Foreseeing coming events, the Na- tional Equal Rights League of Colored Americans in 1th Annual and Ne- tional Convention assembled in Chiea- go, Sept. 19, 1918, adopted and sent ‘forth to the race a plan for a national race representative Congress for race petitioners who shall proceed abroad and have the enuse of democracy fo: Colored Americans presented at the Peace Council Table. The plan ts the formation at once of local equal rights leagues or committes to elect and send a delegate (one additional for every 50 members over the first 50) to such a Congress at Washing: ton, D. C. ‘The time set was Jan. Ist, 1919. — The League’s officers have set the date forward to Dee. 16, 1918 in view of early closing of the war. All exist: ing Colored organizations are asked to affiliate with the League and send fone delegate for every 50 members. This applies to religious, ivic, poli: tical, fraternal, industrial and literary race bodies. National organizations working for equality for Colored A- mericans will be asked to send 2 de legates-at-large. These delegates chosen by race or: ganizations locally will assemble and elect the race envoys to be sent tc the seat of the International peace conference. Hasten to organize your league, Co- lored Americans, in every éommunits and elect your delegates. Never in our time will there be another oppor: tunity like this to ask the world for justice and consistency. Upon those of us, and God grant that they may be few, who fail now, will be the ,.% é sy aig sat ue ee | Fr f y £ . Minas Sor Bee : ae eee sendy 27 | hac dl A AM - # HON. THOMAS GALLAGHER Re-elected to Congress, from the Eighth Congressional District of Illinois; who is ever ready to vote right in that body, effecting the Civil and the Political Status of the Colored race. responsibility for our race being left the ‘slaves of the 20th century”. The League’s secretary humbly prays thé race, in the name of his departed wife, a martyr to its cause, to vindi- cate its honor and move for a share of the world democracy. Rev. B. W. Moore, Columbus, Ohio President. — . Allen W. Whaley, Chicago, Il. National Organizer J. L. Neill, 906 T. St. N. W. Wash- ington, D. C., Rec. Sec. and Sec. of Arrangements for Congress. Wm. Monroe Trotter, Corr. Sec., $4 Cornhill, Boston, Mass. Se “OGDEN HALL” OPENING AT THE HAMPTON INSTITUTE HAMPTON, YA., Nov. (Special to The Broad Ax). - Dr. James E. Gregg principal of Hampton Institute ,at the recent opening of ‘Ogden Hall’? — a new and beautiful auditorium which will accommodate 2500 persons, — paid tribute to Robert C. Ogden’s ser viee to the Nation. He said: Mr. Ogden “was ome of the best friends the colored race has ever had. He was a man who had not only the power of clear vision and a consum mate wisdom, but also that subtle quality of personal charm and symp- athetie understanding which enabled him to bring people together. What a rare and precious and infinitely need ed gift that is, needed today more than ever — the power to bring peo- ple together, to help them to see alike and think alike and feel alike and make allowances for one another!’’ Dr. Gregg, in an other address, re- ferred about ‘the reconciliation of the North and South, of the black man and the white man, the interpretation of each to each, bringing them to see how much common ground they really could and did stand upon, helping them to put each himself in the other man’s place, enabling them to lay wise plans and to carry out high and fruitful enterprises for the future of the whole Nation.’” Dr Robert fe Moton, principal of Tuskegee, emphasized the importance of cultivating the spirit of servies which characterized men like Samuel C. Armstrong, Hollis B. Frisell, Boo- ker T. Washington, and Robert C. Ogden — all friends of mankind. Dr Gregg announced the election ‘of the Rev. Henry Wilder Foote of Cambridge, Mass, to the Hampton ‘board of trustees. The Late Mrs. Russell Sage, of New York City, in her last will and testament, donated seven million dol- lars to Tuskegee Institute, Ala. The interest on that amount of money, will more than half defray the run- ning expenses of it for one year. ¥ LEE ay. oh LS i foci: ier. ae ‘ Pera ees Bre at og fae Oe tee ae cies fe Pe i a ee oe PE gece ake ig —— ' Seg edt veal Oe ke eee ae ay} Che eee: a Gea ee : oe S aieas 2 a : wr Se Jae fl bee fe a . 3 \ . ao HON. OSCAR DE PRIEST ‘The head and front of the Peoples Movement in the Second Ward who fats dead sure of being able to make = home run back into the City Coused ——$—$—$—$—$$—— SECRETARY BAKER pride of the blois camp, Mr. Bake told them how much their efforts isi TALKS TO COLORED | teen appreciated by the nation: io SOLDIERS IN FRANCE greatly the nation was indebted » them, and how they all of then - would be marked men in their om Declares America Proud of Her Brave munities throughout their entire liv Colored Troops and That They} ¢.- the service they had render! Hold Nation's History in Their} their country in time of urgent need Hands—War Chief Warmly Greet-| «tn after years’’, he said, ‘men rl ed and Gains Much First-Hand In-| come home to their families and tl formation. with pride, and with a glow we eee their Zaces, how they had met si SOME HUMAN INTEREST STORIES} fought with vahant fighting color OF NEGEO BATTLEES ON THE men at Belleau Wood, at Chaten FIRING LINB Thierry, at Soissons, on the Vesle SS st Champagne."? — Conelud me By RALPH W. TYLER eretary Baker said to these colied =a troopers: ‘The history of Ames Accredited Representative of the | ig in your hands, for you have & Committee of Public Information. | jarged it and helped to make it wis SOMEWHERE IN FRANCE - With a gasoline can as a rostrum, Secre- tary of War Baker, in the course of his inspection tour over here, address- a an audience of more than 2000 colored stevedore troops during their ae hour. The speech, as well as bs entire stage setting, was highly informal. Part of the Seeretary’s ‘audience lay sprawled upon the roof ‘of a half-finished warehouse over- Hooking the local gasoline can, and ‘nearly all of them went on munching ‘the contents of their mess kits, as it feta inteiea Gayl ieee de srk Secretary’ told the men how proud the people — all the people, home were of them and especially how proud their own race was of them. He told them a couple of short, comical sto- ries that quickly surrounded him with an amphitheatre of white teeth all set in a broad smile. When he wound up by telling them that when he got back to America he was going to tell their people how well they had been doing, and the big shove they were giving to the army supplies which made it possible for the men at the front to win battles, he got such a “‘hand’? as only strong and honestly- calloused palms can give a speaker. Both before and after his talk to them, Seeretary Baker mingled among the men, asking them questions right and left, and shus getting much first- hand information from these colored stevedores. Perhaps the most impressive feature of the Secretary's trip among the co- lored men over here was at Blois Here there is a battalion of Class B and C men, all of whom had been wounded in action, and many of whom proudly were the Croix de Guerre ot the D. 8 C. They were lined up for inspection, together with their splendid band, also composed of B and C. men. The Secretary would not consent td their being introduced to him, but, as be put it: ‘It is ap honor to be introduced to you.”— ‘From the middle of the boxing ring ‘and bandstand combined, which is the pride of the blois camp, Mr. Bake told them how much their efforts bai been appreciated by the nation; tox greatly the nation was indebted » them, and how they all of then would be marked men in their coe munities throughout their entire lins for the service they had render their country in time of urgent nei “«In after years’’, he said, ‘men wl come home to their families and td with pride, and with a glow ge their aces, how they had met si fought with vahant fighting cole men at Bellean Wood, at Chatn Thierry, at Soissons, on the Vesle st Champagne."? — Concluding, eretary Baker said to these © troopers: ‘The history of Ame is in your hands, for you have & larged it and helped to make it mis it is today -- a thing to fill ever American with pride.” NEGRO JAZZ BAND LEADS YANKS TO BUCKINGHAM London, Last Saturday.—Amer- can soldiers stationed heer on vist ing the city on leave of absence pat ded this afternoon behind the typical Negro soldier jazz band of fort pieces. The parade halted in frutt of Buckingham palace, where it di banded. The band then proceeded the parade grounds, where it mvt a concert lasting an hour. Thousands of persons listened to the music. Te night the band played for » dant under British military control. ———_e—_—_— ‘TRUE PERFORMERS BANK AT LAST DECLARES 25 PER CENT DIVIDEND Richmond, Va., November. Speci#? Judge Crump last week signed! decree declaring a 25 per cent ditt dend of the defunct Savings Batt of the Order of True Reformer which was forced to close its do" in 1910. He also directed that distribution of the money in hss $100,000,-be made through the Mt chanics Savings Bank, a colored ¥ stitution, as most of the deposit were colored. a OUR TROOPS To Go TO scHOm IN FRANCE BEFORE SAIL” ING FOR HOME Phialdelphia, Pa., November. 5? —Our troops will have an oppor ity to go toachool and study Frese French history and other subis when an armistice is declared they are waiting to be sent bore This is done through the efor # the ¥. M. C. A. who are trying reduce the illiteracy among our bom Public schoola in this city wil ™ utilized for the vocational eins of crippled soldiers after the ¥* P HON. WILLIAM E. MASON Re-elected Congressman-At-Large from Illinois who polled the largest vote of any of the candidates running on the State Republican ticket at the late election. THE NEWLY ELECTED OFFICERS OF THE PHYLLIS WHEATLEY HOME INSTALLED ON MONDAY EVENING; ATTORNEY E. J. MARSHALL VERY GRACEFULLY PERFORMED THAT TASK. ested in its success; the past summer, they clubbed together and bought new window screens for the home which amounted to Ninety Dollars, that is not all; they bought some lovely new lace curtains for the windows, which cost Sixty Dollars, which is clearly evident; that they are deeply Mrs. Eliza Johnson, becomes President of the Home. On Monday evening despite the unpleasant weather, many friends and well wishers of the Phyllis Wheatley Home, 3256 Rhodes avenue; gathered within its spacious and comfortably furnished parlors, to witness and to participate in the induction into office of the newly elected officers of the home, for the coming year. Prior to the installation of the officers, by Attorney E. J. Marshall, the following highly interesting musical program was rendered. Solo, little Miss Eunice Dow; solo, Miss Hazel Brown; Mrs. Blair, piano accompanist for both; comical recitation, Mrs. Sam Lawson; piano solo, Mrs. Blair; vocal solo, Mr. J. A. Greer; violin solo, Mr. Jones; vocal solo, Mr. William D. Sulzer. At the conclusion of the musical program, Mrs. Bertha L. Hensley, the retiring President, in very appropriate extend remarks elucidated on the work accomplished, under her administration as president of the home for the past two years, and right here it must be said to the great credit of Mrs. Hensley, that she accomplished wonders in that direction. She frankly admitted, that it would have been impossible for her to have accomplished, half as much as she did, if it had not been for the hearty support and the united co-operation, of the other women officials of the home and Mrs. Hensley, in the most pleasing manner, expressed her deep gratitude, to one and all who had assisted her in successfully conducting the affairs and the management of the home. At the conclusion of her remarks, Mrs. James H. Porter, who was re-elected treasurer of the home, read her annual report, which was very minute and contained every item of expenditure for the past year plainly setting forth, just how every penny was expended. Her report shows, that the home is in a healthy financial condition, although it is in need of more money, to reduce the first and second mortgages and to make some improvements to add to the comforts of the young working women, who make their home there. It must be said to the credit of Mrs. Porter, that she is truly the right woman in the right place. Several other annual reports, almost as important in their nature, were also read. As an evidence; that the young women in the home, are unitedly inter- from Illinois who polled the largest vote ag on the State Republican ticket at ested in its success; the past summer, they clubbed together and bought new window screens for the home which amounted to Ninety Dollars, that is not all; they bought some lovely new lace curtains for the windows, which cost Sixty Dollars, which is clearly evident; that they are deeply interested in everything pertaining to the success and physical appearance of the Phyllis Wheatley Home. The newly elected officers of the home are as follows: Mrs. Eliza Johnson, President; Mrs. Amanda Poole, 1st Vice-President; Mrs. Elizabeth Crawley, 2nd Vice-President; Miss Ruth Alexander Rec. Sec'y; Mrs. Elvie Stewart, Cor. Sec'y; Mrs. J. Snowden Porter, Treasurer. Mrs. Theresa G. Macon, Chairman Board of Directors; Mrs. Minnie Collins, Chairman Board of Managers; Mrs. Elizabeth Crawley, Chairman House Committee. Five on Board of Directors: Mrs. Alice Liles; Mrs. B. L. Hensley; Mrs. J. Snowden Porter; Mrs. Elizabeth Crawley, Mrs. Rachel Cross. QUINN CHAPEL NOTES 24th and Wabash Avenue Rev H. E. Stewart, Pastor The pastor will preach at 10,45 A. M., Sunday morning. A splendid Sunday evening program will be rendered at 7,45 P. M. Bishop Coppin will preach at Quinn Chapel, Sunday morning, December the 1st. The Church has adopted the Duplex Envelope system, and it will be put in operation the first Sunday in Decem- ber. A special Thanksgiving sermon, on Thursday morning, Thanksgiving day, at 11 A. M. There will be held at night what is known as EVANGEL LIST NIGHT. This service will be under the auspices of Mrs. Nora Taylor, preaching speaking, singing, and a Peace conference. BOYS WASTE $50.000. A growing wave af malicious destruction has swept over the City. Street lamps by the thousands are being destroyed as fast as they are replaced. The tax payers will have to pay a bill of over $50,000,00 to repair such damage this year. Aside from the enormous loss in money, dark streets lead to crime in the neighborhoods affected. You can aid in preventing this loss by reporting the names of known offenders, Telephone Main 447 Electrical Department, City Hall. --- * * * THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, NOVEMBER 23, 1918 CITY NEWS Reported by Lawyer S. Z. C. Westerfield Word has reached this city that the trial of Dr. LeRoy N. Bundy, the dentist of East St. Louis, Ill., has been postponed again on account of witnesses for the State being absent on duty in the United States Army. Dr. Bundy is charged with having a part in the riot recently occuring in that city. Miss Vivian Cook, of 3140 Vernon avenue has been promoted to a railway mail clerk on one of the large railroads having its division office here. She is formerly of Washington, D. C., and is a graduate of Howard University in the Arts and Science College. She has made a fine record and sets an example for other girls. Robert L. Futrell, of 545 E. 37th street, has decided to engage in the insurance business. He is well known in the city holding a prominent position in the District Christian Endeavor work. At present he is employed in a large munition plant on the West Side. Mrs. Ella Green, of Galesburg, Illinois, is expected in the city soon as the guest of her daughter, Miss Marion Green, of 2648 Wabash ave. This will be her second visit recently, having attended a grand session of the Eastern Star Chapter some months ago. Herbert Eng, the son of Mrs. Jennie Robinson, 3110 Vernon Avenue, who was called to the service of Uncle Sam last September, and stationed at Camp Grant, Rockford, Ill., is expected home about the 1st of December. He says a large number of the boys there are dissapointed because they will not get their crack at Ex-Kaiser Bill. A very enjoyable time was had at a party given at the residence of Mr. and Mrs. Fred Collins, 4723 Evans Avenue, last Friday night, when games of many kinds were played, after which delightful refreshments were served, including delicacies of the season. Among those present were Mrs. Margaret Neighbors, Lawyer and Mrs. S. Z. C. Westfield, Mrs. Helen G. Peal, little Miss Helen Peal, and Miss Ellen Collins. Next Sunday night, November 24, at 7:45 sharp, a sacred program will be rendered at Quinn Chapel A. M. E. Church, corner 24th Street and Wabash avenue, under the auspices of Miss Pauline James Lee. Among those to appear will be Master Chas. Grundy, the boy wonder and Wardell Douglass. Also a quartette with Lela Gary, Mae Johnson, Julia Ray and Lydia Lucas. All are cordially invited to attend. Mrs. Cary B. Lewis has been appointed by Miss Dolton, of the Farren School to take charge of the Community Center located at 51st Street and Wabash Avenue. The meetings will be held on Monday and Thursday nights. Mrs. Lewis has had a wide experience along this line and it is believed that she will be of great benefit to those who take advantage of this branch of uplift. A. E. MRS. ELIZA JOHNSON The newly elected President of the Phyllis Wheatley Home, 3256 Rhodes Avenue; who devotes much of her time in working in the interest of Charity. The newly elected President of the Phyllis Wheatley Home, 3256 Rhodes Avenue; who devotes much of her time in working in the interest of Charity. There is only one place to go Tuesday night, November 26th and that is to hear Col. Roscoe Conkling Simmons at the Eighth Regiment Armory. This is certain to be Col. Simmons' greatest speech and will go down in history as such. It is also planned to make this meeting a welcoming one for the boys about to return home, also a peace celebration in connection with it. For the first time in the city there will be three Colored Colonels on the platform. Gov. Lowden, Senator Medill McCormick, Judge Scully and many other prominent persons have been invited to speak. A chorus of 200 voices under the direction of J. Wesley Jones will furnish music. Mrs. Cary B. Lewis is manager of the meeting and it is being given for the benefit of the Urban League. Come early if you expect to get a seat for undoubtedly standing room will be at a premium. Last Sunday, Grace Presbyterian Church moved into their new quarters at 36th and Vincennes Avenue. It was a gala day and a large congregation was in attendance at all of the services. The Young People's Lyceum in the afternoon at 5 P. M. filled the vast auditorium, many persons being compelled to stand. Mr. Richard J. Evans, of well known fame in musical circles furnished two numbers of three parts each, and his delicate harmony together with the sweet expression and shaded tones in his voice completely captivated his hearers. Then came Charles S. Morris, Jr., the boy orator, only nineteen years old, who spoke with reasoning of one twice his age. He said the need today was for practical education, practical Christianity, a support of our Race men who are engaged in business and professions, and for more effective work through organization. Much credit is due Mr. Cary B. Lewis for the success of the Lyceum and drawing such a large crowd, for he has made many sacrifices to elevate it to its present high standard. In the opening part of his address Mr. Morris thanked Mr. and Mrs. Cary B. Lewis for their very kind hospitality to him while in the city. Before a large and appreciative audience last Sunday afternoon, Quinn Chapel Forum presented one of the best programs of the year. Among the important features was a debate, "Resolved, That Clergymen Should Be Politicians." The affirmative was ably argued by Elmer Davis and Richard Parker, while the negative was well defended by Joseph N. Freeman and Harry Howard. The judges were Hon. James G. Cotter, Assistant Attorney General, Mrs. Jennie Lewis, and Judge W. H. A. Moore. The decision was rendered in favor of the affirmative and met with universal approval. Dr. Chas. H. Turner spoke very fittingly on "Happiness", and a paper by Leon Peyton showed much thought and research. Clarence Lee rendered a vocal solo so effectively that he was compelled to respond with an encore number, and the instrumental solos by Walter O'Grady were of an exceptionally high order placing him among the leading artists of the city. Rev. Clarence Spears gave a very good talk and a selection by the class orchestra [Name] HON. EDWARD D. GREEN Author and father of the Anti-Mob down for the count by State S for the nomination for Represen First Senatorial District of Illinois Author and father of the Anti-Mob Law or Bill in Illinois; who was put down for the count by State Senator, Francis P. Brady, in his race for the nomination for Representative for the Legislature, from the First Senatorial District of Illinois. under the direction of Arthur Sims closed this fine program. Lawyer S. Z. C. Westerfield presided. This organization plans to attend the Simmons meeting in a body. SUNSHINE RESCUE MISSION Rev. H. Franklin Bray, D. D. Supt. 2830 S. State St., Phone Coliseum 8749 Now is the time to mail that subscription of yours to The Broad Ax. It only costs you $2.00 a year and contains some of the best news in the city. Send a money order AT ONCE to the Editor or telephone Kenwood 10230 and an agent will call for the same. DO NOT DELAY! THE GREATER SMART SET WILL HOLD FORTH AT THE GRAND THEATER FOR THE NEXT THREE WEEKS, BEGINNING ON MONDAY EVENING, NOV. 25TH. There is a great treat in store, for the many patrons of the Grand Theatre, 31st and State streets, for the Greater Smart Set, will hold forth there, for the next three weeks. Salem Tutt Whitney and J. Homer Tutt, the two bright shining stars of the Greater Smart Set, backed up by the strongest and best support; including both men and women, that can be found anywhere, will exert their best endeavors to dish up a highly entertaining show, in every respect. Mr. Collins, the advance agent, or the business manager of the Greater Smart Set Company, smilingly contends that it is the greatest and the cleanest show, in America today; that the flashy and brilliant costumes of the participants; that the gorgeous and enchanting scenery and every thing in connection with the Greater Smart Set, is brand new and on a lavish order; which will dazzle the eyes, of those who are fortunate enough to behold it. Mr. Johnston, the head boss or manager of the Grand Theater will be on hand all the time, to look after the wants and the comforts of the many patrons, who will crowd into the Grand, during the next three weeks. See advertisement in another column of this paper. THE NEGRO FELLOWSHIP LEAGUE The Negro Fellowship League will have an "African Day", Sunday, November 20, at 4 P. M., at the Reading Room 3005. South State Street. The program will be furnished by members of the African League. They will discuss what ought to be done with German Colonies in Africa and make some recommendations for their disposition. Doctor Malikebu the president of the League will lead the discussion. All interested in the subject are urged to be present. ```markdown ``` Law or Bill in Illinois; who was put senator, Francis P. Brady, in his race intative for the Legislature, from the ois. SUNSHINE RESCUE MISSION Rev. H. Franklin Bray, D. D. Supt. 2830 S. State St., Phone Coliseum 8749 Service Every Night in The Year. Mrs. Allensworth President of the Evangelist's Union of Chicago is conducting services at the Mission this week and will preach at 3 and 8. p. m. Sunday. She is a wonderful woman of God and you will enjoy hearing her preach. Dr. Bray, George E. Wright and Mrs Hattie Jones are out in the state in revival campaign this week and will return next Wednesday and leave on Friday for the north west to continue the battle against satan. The free library and reading rooms are open all day and you will receive a hearty welcome at any time. Clothing and fuel are greatly needed and we are hereby appealing for help. This is the only place in Chicago where services are held every night in the year and where clothing, food and shelter are provided for the unfortunate of our race. Call Coliseum 8748 if you have clothing, furniture or money to assist in purchasing coal which you will donate. THE APPOMATTOX CLUB The following are the leading events which will be on the billboards at the Appomattox Club, 3441 So. Wabash Ave., for the remainder of November. HARVEST DANCE Thanksgiving Eve, Nov. 27, 1918. Prize for the most unique dressed Lady and Gentleman. Pumkin Pie, Apples, Cider & Gingerbread—Members and Guests Annual Meeting and Election of Officers, Saturday, Dec. 7, 1918 The Knox College of Beauty Culture, 451 E. 31st street, will on Monday evening, November 25, give a reception in honor of its President, Faculty and the graduating class. Lieut. Giles, who was for many years a warm friend of Captain Joe Warner of the 370th U. S. Infantry, recently lost his life, somewhere in France. Lieut. Robert L. Chavis, son of the late Jordan Chavis, who was at one time Chaplain, of the old Eighth Regiment, Illinois National Guard; now the 370th U. S. Infantry; was lately severely wounded somewhere in France. PAGE FIVE HARVEST DANCE S. A. T. WATKINS, Pres. H. T. CORNWELL, Sec'y. CIDER VINEGAR CAN BE MADE ON FARM Good cider vinegar which will meet the requirements of both federal and state food laws can be made on the farm, say the specialists of the bureau of chemistry, United States department of agriculture. Cider vinegar is made by subjecting apple cider to a process of alcoholic fermentation by which the sugar in the apple juice is changed to alcohol, producing what is commonly called hard cider, and then subjecting the hard cider to a process of acetic fermentation by which the alcohol is changed to acetic acid. The acetic acid gives to cider its characteristic sourness. Windfall apples which are not green or rotten, small apples, and any sound apples that cannot be marketed as fruit may be used profitably for vinegar making. Neither green nor rotten apples will make good cider or A woman is preparing a dish on a table with a bowl of apples, a jar of vinegar, and a plate of cookies. Apple Cider is Changed Into Alcohol, Which in Turn Is Converted Into Acetic Acid in Making Vinegar. vinegar. Dirt, grass, leaves, and any foreign substance, if allowed to get into the press with the apples, will not only injure the flavor but may retard the vinegar-making processes. The apples should be ground fine and then pressed slowly. As much of the juice as possible should be pressed out, but it is not profitable to add water to the pomace for a second pressing. The cider should be allowed to settle for a day or two in loosely stoppered barrels or other covered receptacles. There are two well-known processes for converting hard cider into vinegar. One is known as the slow-barrel process. This is the simplest and requires the least work and attention, but the disadvantage of requiring a long time for completion. The second method is known as the rolling generator process, which is more elaborate and requires daily attention. Consumption of corn in the United States is 29.40 bushels per capita, the largest of any country in the world. It is also the largest corn producer in the world, raising over 80 per cent of the entire crop. Austria-Hungary is the second largest consumer, using 3.77 bushels. The Netherlands uses 3.05 bushels, Italy 2.99 bushels, as it is a large manufacturer of macaroni, and Belgium uses 2.16 bushels. Japan is the smallest corn consumer, using only .07 bushels. Crops in most countries this year are below average. The average production and consumption of corn, including cornmeal, as given by the department of agriculture, is tabulated below in bushels: Av. Yield. Consump Per- Austria-H. 178,260,000 185,128,357 3.77 Belgium No data 15,489,682 2.165 France 22,498,980 36,829,960 94 Germany No data 34,966,553 57 India (Brit.) No data No data 0 Italy 91,899,400 100,078,324 2.96 Japan 9,400,000 13,674,814 3.95 Netherlands No data 17,294,010 3.05 Un Kingdom No data 85,000,797 1.96 U. S. 2,610,152,500 2,645,812,435 1.90 Why the Setting Sun Seems Larger and of Oval Shape. We all know an optical illusion makes the setting sun seem larger and often of an oval shape, says Popular Astronomy, but a recent explanation by W. F. Badgley of some of the causes which bring this about is interesting. The atmosphere near the earth's surface, when hot and dusty, acts as a magnifying glass. Looking upward, we see through more rarefied air, which does not possess the magnifying power. The oval appearance is due to the fact that the sun is seen through the edge of an aerial lens, which may be clearly illustrated by drawing a small circle on a piece of white paper and placing a reading glass over it. Under the center of the lens the circle appears round, but if the glass is moved until the circle is near its edge its shape changes to ax oval. Cigar Makers Now Propose The Conservation of Boxes. The Tobacco Merchants' Association of the United States would save a total of 29,738,586 feet of lumber through a conservation program which they will submit to the war industries board for approval. One of the most expensive features in connection with the sale of cigars is the container. The most common container is the wooden box. Under the plan, which is now being canvassed by the tobacco and cigar manufacturers of the country, no cigars of certain classes would be packed in wooden boxes of less than 100 each capacity, and the thickness of all such box material would be reduced as far as practicable. Under this arrangement there would be few cigars in containers of 50 capacity, and none at all in containers of 25 or ten ounces. Wrist Motion Ascribed as Secret of Attaining Speed In Art of Husking Corn Corn husking is rapidly becoming an art of rare attainment. In years past, observes a writer in the Illinois State Register, many good stories have been told about records achieved by men accomplished in that art. As stated by a husking expert, in years past, farmers coupled size with skill and would not hire a hand to husk corn unless he was a giant physically. Those were the days before the science of the business had been developed. Experience taught the lesson that the wrist motion, if properly acquired, would enable an ordinary husker to develop speed. When the science of the game was brought out, the smaller men gradually won recognition as huskers of rare ability. No standard of production can be laid down to govern the ability of the average husker. The foundation of the corn determines greatly the speed of the picker. With corn of medium height, well matured and standing erect, there is some opportunity to estimate a good day's work. These three conditions rarely ever existed at the same time. Viewed from the angle of a trade, corn shucking is rapidly becoming a craft, according to the announcement of a local trade journal. In past years corn shuckers have worked without any attempt to secure a uniform rate. In most cases the shucker worked by the day and it followed that on rainy and stormy days, the men drew their wages, even though they did not go into the field. As corn husking grew to be more and more a profession, it is reported, the huskers began to angle for shorter hours and a more uniform scale of wages, either based upon the day wage or the commission on the bushel gathered. The latter system is rapidly gaining a foothold. Pithy Paragraphs A polite man never meets a stranger. Self-possession is nine points with the lawyer. One week in the country should make one strong in the city. When a man is looking for difficulties he will find two where he expects one. Every time a girl gets a small dent in her heart she imagines it is broken. At some period in his career every man carries something in his pocket for luck. U. S. Flag Standards. The president of the United States has no official flag, but as commander in chief of the army and navy his presence is notified by distinct standards. The army flag is red, and bears in the center the official coat of arms of the United States. Bearing the same coat of arms and somewhat similar, except in color—blue—in the navy flag. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, NOVEMBER 23, 1918 Remember us--for we are mothers, too- When fair peace gilds your land, and pop- Over your battlefields. Do not forget our sons, whose aliens we do not know. Tend thou our homeless dead—mothers of -Anne Bunner, in Everybody's Magazine. Nearly All Undersea Boats Are Equipped With Kitchens Where Cook Prepares Meals In the earlier submarines no provision was made for cooking the men's meals. Everything had to be enten cold. This did not matter so very much when these craft were quite small, with a correspondingly small radius of action. But when larger undersea boats came to be built, the provision of properly cooked hot meals became a pressing necessity. So now, says a writer in Pearson's Magazine, all but the very oldest types of submarines are fitted with a small galley, no bigger than a very moderate-sized cupboard, where the cook has just room to stand in front of his doll's house stove. This latter is electrically heated, in order that the already oppressive air may not be further vitiated by smoke or fumes. The menu on board a submarine is not varied, consisting mostly of stew, with an occasional "mugup" of salt fish for a change, and plenty of strong, piping-hot coffee to chase away sleep from the tired eyelids. Meals are eaten out of aluminum dishes in collapsible mess-tables when the vessel is submerged. When the submarine is running on the surface her crew usually prefer to take their plates of stew on deck, and the North sea attends to its salting for them. HINTS FOR POULTRY GROWERS --- The beginner and the careless should never attempt midwinter hatching. The care is extensive, the loss great. One old in the business declares that the beginner should put off hatching until April and May, and the weather then will help him. Winter hatching pays best for the experienced poultryman who lives close to a good paying broiler market, or the fancier who wants show birds ready for the fall fairs. Also, it pays to hatch, if you can do it successfully, some of the large, slow maturing breeds, such as Cochin or Brahma, in January. These, if not hatched until late April or May, seldom come into laying until the next April—unless their owner knows how to push pullets into laying successfully. If you hatch in January you must not grumble if you get but a half hatch, and some of these will be too weak to live long against the time of year, but this you know—those that do live and grow strong and hearty must surely bring you profit early in some manner. If you hatch in winter you must have warm winter quarters for your chicks. Poultrymen who sell eggs for hatching purposes quite often have all their own flocks hatched some time before the call for hatching eggs comes in, which is often not until in April. Total Value of 1918 Food Crop in France Falls Below Amount Produced Last Year Despite an increase of 25 per cent in wheat production, the total value of the 1918 crop of cereals, beans and potatoes in France is less than that of last year. This has been disclosed by M. Boret, the French food controller of the chamber of deputies, in an address. "It should be stated clearly," said M. Boret, "that the total nutrition value of the 1918 crop of cereals as well as beans and potatoes in France, is below the total nutrition value of these products for last year. The wheat crop fortunately is larger and of better quality, but the maize, barley, oats, beans and potato crops are considerably smaller. "The potato situation is particularly grave, for whereas the average for the last ten years is 12,000,000 long tons, this year the potato crop will not exceed 7,500,000 long tons. Despite this shortage, we must supply the allied troops fighting in our land. We cannot possibly refuse this indispensable food to English and American troops who are constantly increasing in numbers." The Latest Flag. The latest addition to the flags of nations is the standard of the new Siberian republic. It is plain white and green, symbolizing the country's snowfields and its virgin forests. (From Paper Presented at the Meeting of the American Society of Heating and Ventilating Engineers, in Buffalo, New York) The time has come for a campaign of education for more satisfactory heating and ventilation in the homes of our country. Some means should be found through which to educate the public to demand and see that they get more satisfactory heat in their homes. Heretofore heating engineers have pacificly endeavored to fit their heating and ventilating system into ill-conceived and poorly constructed houses and have trusted to their ability as engineers to overcome the handicap imposed upon the systems by architects or constructors who knew little and cared less about the requirements of home comfort. Now that the stress of severe winter is approaching we may ask ourselves: What and how may the heating and ventilating engineers do to assist in laying the foundation of a more effective economy in the years just ahead? I have especially in mind some of those conditions (principally residential) that not only work against economic heating, but absolutely prevent it in a large number of cases. Some of these conditions are due to the mistakes of the architect with knowledge aforethought or otherwise, some of them to those of the heating man (or hardware man) who installs the system, and some to those of the householder who, practicing false economy, is not willing to pay the price of good work. In most of the ordinary balloon-framed houses the sheathing is very inferior in grade and loosely butted at the edges, when there should be solid boards and lap joints. Some of the houses have no building paper or its equivalent, some have one course of the building paper and a few have two, but very few courses are laid with care to serve as an insulation. Two courses of paper in face contact are, it should be stated, inferior to one course with the sheathing and one course woven in and out over the studding; or, to one course with the sheathing and one course on the inside of the studding, with strippings under the laths to bring the plaster free from the paper surface. Again, suppose the wall is well protected against inleakage, but the upper and lower ends of the spaces between the studs are open; in this case there is freer convection of air upward between the inner and outer layers of the wall and the heat that should be kept within the room is dissipated to this air current and lost to the attic, and the conditions are worse than the open wall in that the heat is lost and there is no corresponding physical benefit from inleakage. Another feature of house design that is frequently fatal to the plans of the heating engineer is the overhanging room with only one thickness of seven-eighth-inch flooring on the room and light ceiling over the porch. This always gives a cold floor that is not only uncomfortable to the occupants, but eliminates heating possibilities on cold days. These remarks do not apply, of course, to sleeping porches with no heat. If an overhanging room is desired, be sure to provide for a well-insulated floor. One feature of house construction that reflects against the builder rather than the architect is the loose construction around the windows. The owner wishes free moving sash and the workmen give him everything he could desire in this regard. But how about the person who is expected to inhabit the room on a zero day when the wind is blowing a 20-mile velocity? I have caught snow in my hand at a distance of two feet from a tightly locked window in a house supposed to have better than ordinary construction. Window strips, metal weather strips and storm windows may be urged. Storm windows, top hung, give satisfactory insulation during the cold days and at the same time provide ventilating possibilities on moderate days. An average nine-room house can be supplied with good storm windows, west, north and east, for an expenditure of from $75 to $100, and the coal saving will pay for the first cost in two years' time. Such storm windows are no hindrance to open window ventilation when desired. Next let us look at the chimney. Several points in common practice among architects tend toward inefficiency. The outside chimney, in spite of its possibilities toward exterior ornamentation, is not a good draft producer because of the chilling effect of the outside air. Another point, chargeable principally to the owner, is the low basement ceiling that reduces the pitch of the steam mains or warm-air leaders to a minimum. If the average householder realized the importance of extra pitch to the pipes in the basement, he would let loose of enough additional capital to guarantee a ceiling height of eight feet instead of six feet, as is so often found. Is it not possible to develop a campaign of education in such a way that the average man who may be contemplating building himself a little home may become more informed on these vital points that are so necessary to co-ordinating the heating and ventilating features with the building construction, and in that way develop an independent thinker who will not be wholly at the mercy of the unscrupulous promoter or the uninformed individual who frequently poses as an architect or engineer? May the time soon come when we will build our houses to serve as homes and not as private cantonments. Finish every day and be done with it. You have done what you could, some shunders have you done. You can you have done. Tomorrow is a new day; you shall begin it well and serenely and with a too high spirit to be cumbered with your old nonsense.-Emerson. Economical Dishes. A delicious Scotch broth may be made from the liquor in which boiled mutton was cooked. Remove the fat, add a finely cut turnip, carrot, onion and a stalk of celery. Cook until the vegetables are tender. Cream Soup. Cut thin slices of bread as thin as shavings, put them with a small amount of butter in a saucepan and stir until well browned; add salt to taste and add boiling water enough to make the amount of soup needed, then add a cupful of boiling cream, and be sure that the soup is well salted. More cream may be added if a richer soup is desired. Green Pea Custard. Rinse a can of green peas in cold water; save for a broth. Add the peas to a pint of milk, a teaspoonful of salt, a dash of pepper and two well-beaten eggs. Cook in individual cups in a pan of hot water until the custard is firm. Meat Balls. Trim all the fat and skin from a pound of round steak, put over the fire and add a quart of cold water, an onion, a stalk of celery, a tablespoonful of parsley and a teaspoonful of salt. Cook one hour. Soak a slice of bread in water and squeeze dry, then mix the steak, which has been finely minced, with a beaten egg, two tablespoonfuls of sweet fat, one teaspoonful of salt and a dash of pepper. Make into balls as large as an egg, and boll ten minutes in the broth. Brown a tablespoonful of flour in the same amount of fat; add the broth, stirring until thick. Pour the gravity over the meat balls and serve. When a few frankfurters must serve a larger number than expected, slice them thin and fry in a little fat, instead of boiling them. Serve with fried potatoes. Cheese Croquettes Cut into small dice one pound of American cheese. Have ready a cupful of hot white sauce; add it to the cheese, the yolks of two well-beaten eggs, diluted with a little cream. Stir until well blended; season with salt, red pepper and a grating of nutmeg. Set on ice until cold, then form into croquettes. Roll in fine crumbs, dip in egg and brown in a little fat. Baked Bread and Cheese Spread slices of stale bread with butter, lay in a baking dish and cover with a pint of milk to which two eggs have been added. Season well with pepper and salt, add a cupful of good-flavored cheese, grated, and bake until the custard is thick. Nellie Maxwell Plant Strength Will Force Stones Out of Their Place One would scarcely associate great strength with so delicate and fragile a thing as malden hair fern, yet if its roots have not sufficient room they will break the pot in which the plant grows. Blades of grass will force the curbstones between which they spring up out of their place. Indeed, plants are on record as having broken hard rocks. The island of Aldabra, to the northwest of Madagascar, is becoming smaller through the action of the mangroves that grow along the foot of the cliffs. Food for Thought You never can tell. The under dog sometimes deserves all he gets. Paradoxical as it may seem, many a fellow has a weakness for strong language. Foresight may be all right, but it won't keep a man from being stabbed in the back. The German army has evidently discovered that it is cheaper to move than to pay rent. The pessimist is always looking for the worst, and complains when he gets it. Cloth Made From Asbestos. The finest variety of asbestos is known as amianthus, and the most beautiful specimens of this come from Tarantaise in Savoy. Hence the fabric woven from asbestos is sometimes known as amianthine cloth. "Gobs," Not "Jackies," and "Yanks," Not "Sammees," Are Names Our Fighters Prefer A gob is a sailor, a man of the American navy, a bluejacket, and the term is self applied writes Samuel G. Blyth in Saturday Evening Post. It is the generic term for all men in the service, up to those who wear the gold on their sleeves; and even so, the sailors often speak of the austere commanding officer as the main gob. The use of it primarily is to show the sailors' detestation for the usual designation of them—jackies. Nothing rouses the ire of a sailor so quickly as to call him a jackie. He does like it, and will not have it. No minutive, as expressed by the "le" for him. It doesn't fit either his own sumption of his manliness or with the fact of that manliness. He is a big, broad-chested, brown-haired, two-fisted person, and with the speaking of him as a jackie with the implication of small boyishness in anathema to him. He is rough, tough stuff in a rough, tough game; a fighting man, a man who goes to sea in any thing that comes along, from a drownedaught to a motor launch no bigger than a whale boat, withstands the perils of it, does the incalculable labor of it, has the clear-eyed courage of it, is ready to fight over, on top or under water, and does so fight, and he feels insulted to be called jackie if he were a fair-halred, red-cheeked little fellow sailing a toy boat in a pond. Jackie? Forget that jackie stuff. Where do you get it, anyhow? God dod gast you—g-o-b! It is the same with the soldiers. Their resentment of the attempt to tack the Sammees on them is acrid and universal. They won't have it. And I don't blame them, having, as it happens, an acute personal interest in the matter. Now Samuel is a good sonorous Biblical name, and Sam is the virile contraction thereof, but this Sammee business gets on one's nerves. Hence our soldiers, scorning the Sammee applation, call themselves Yanks, which is a good, masculine, soldierly term, thus the men in our navy call them selves gobs. Wanted a Square Deal. "Just thought of that V you loaned me three years ago, old man. Here it is, and a thousand thanks." "Hold on! $2.30 more, if you please. A dollar is worth only fifty-four cents compared with what it was when you got the loan." 咏 "Dey say soap is goin' to be more expensive," said Meandering Mike. "I hope it is" replied Plodding Pete. "I've waited ed years fur some half-way excuse fur not usin' it." Evidently Novice "You told me you were an expert enced waiter," said the restaurant manager. "How do you know I'm not?" "You said 'thank you' for a 25 cent tip." "Didn't you think the new play rath er fatuous?" "Well, no; I thought it rather thin" Marital Amenities. She—I was a fool when I married you. He—That is what all my friends told me at the time. "And what did the doctor tell you?" M. M. M. "Why, he looked me over and asked me if I had made a will." "Ah, is your condition so bad?" "I don't know; but his brother is a lawyer." Somewhat Annoying. "It makes me mad for my husband to talk in his.sleep." "The poor man can't help it." "Maybe not, but it looks like an intention that I don't give him a chance at any other time." U. S. Sets New High Mark For Its Foreign Commerce New high records for September foreign trade in both imports and exports were announced by the department of commerce. Imports were $202,000,000 an increase of nearly $26,000,000 over September, 1917, and exports $550,000,000, an increase of about $100,000,000. For the nine months ending September, 1918, imports were $2,322,000,000, an increase of $40,000,000 while exports for the nine months valued at $4,561,000,000, represented a slight decrease. Sound Under Water. The velocity with which sound travels through water is more than four times as great as through the air. As long ago as 1827 the sound of a bell under water was transmitted over 21 miles. Residence, 1262 Macallister Place Tel. Monroe 2714 MILES J. DEVINE Attorney At Law Suite 318-320 REAPER BLOCK Clark and Washington Streets Phone Central 1239 CHICAGO Residence: 508 East 36th Street Phone Douglas 4307 J. GRAY LUCAS Attorney At Law Suite 815 Hartford B 8 S. Dearborn St., Chicago. Phone Central 6583 PHONE MAIN 2214 A. D. GASH Attorney At Law 118 North La Salle Street CHICAGO Tel. Central 3142 S. A. T. WATKINS LAWYER 36 WEST RANDOLPH STREET CHICAGO Residence, 4533 Prairie Avenue Phone Kenwood 8520 WALTER M. FARMER ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW NOTARY PUBLIC Suite 708 184 W. Washington St. Tel., Office, Main 4153 Auto 33736 CHICAGO Phone Kenwood 10230 Res. Phone Drexel 8021 SAM. Z. C. WESTERFIELD Office, Suit 3A-3B Casey Bldg. 4651 SOUTH STATE STREET Res.: 4605 Champlain Ave. CHICAGO Office Phone 8078 (Douglas) Residence Phone, Douglas 8179 S. A. BEADLE LAWYER 3502 SOUTH STATE ST. CHICAGO Res. 3855 Prairie Ave., Phone Douglas 9133 Phones: Main 2017, Auto: 32-395 A. L. WILLIAMS ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW Suite 706 Firmenich Building 184 W. Washington St., Chicago. Residence 3419 South Park Ave. PHONE DOUGLAS 9354 Attorney At Law OFFICE PHONE: CALUMET 875 2 EAST 31ST STREET Suite 7 CHICAGO F. Dunn, J. B. McCahey, Trusees Tel.: Oakland 1552, 1551, 1550 JOHN J. DUNN ESTABLISHED 1877 Wholesale and Retail COAL Fifty-First and Federal Sts. CHICAGO PATRONIZE OUR ADVERTISERS. Facing Changed Conditions Pacing Changed Conditions. "I'm looking for employment, sir. I'll be frank with you. I've just been released from prison." "Ahem! One of the model prisons?" "Yes, sir." "Well, I'm willing to give you a chance, but every man we employ is expected to hustle. If you think you can get down to hard work and long hours after the life of elegant leisure you have doubtless enjoyed in prison, I'll make a place for you." Shun Heedlessness The nerve-racking chase after self-gratification or material gala often blinds to the nobler sentiments; and the cold, perhaps unintentional, slight, inattention or rude, though thoughtless, rebuff wounds still further an already sore and bleeding soul whose flagging and dejected spirits might have, with a sympathetic glance, a smile of approval, or a welcoming gesture, been set all atune, the harmony to be passed along.—Great Thoughts. Confucius. Confucius was not a religious teacher. He taught ethics and was a great philosopher. His doctrines dealt with man's relations to man, and not with man's relations or responsibilities to God. The true followers of Confucius can properly be said to have no religion, but most Confucianists have religious notions borrowed either from the Buddhist or Taolist religions, or from both. Disappearing Lake. In the canton of Valals, in Switzerland, at the foot of the great Aletsch glacier, lies a small body of water, Lake Marpelen, which at irregular intervals, every three or four years, completely and suddenly disappears. The phenomenon always occurs during the last days of August. Miles of Wire on a Big Gun. No fewer than 117 miles of steel wire are wound on a 12-inch gun that weighs $13\frac{1}{2}$ tons. In appearance this wire, which is of the same quality as piano wire, resembles tape; it is one-quarter of an inch wide and one-tenth of an inch thick. It is tested to a breaking strength of 110 tons. To Water Hanging Plant. Place a small funnel in the center of the basket, leaving the cup part above the soil, but hidden by the foliage. Fill this with water daily. The water will soak into the soil gradually and will not run through onto the floor below, spoiling carpets or waxed floors. New Spectacles. The latest development in spectacles is supplied with electric light, set either between the eyes or in the rim surrounding the eye. A clear, shadowless light is thus thrown upon the object of vision, though the eye itself is shaded from the direct rays of the lamp. World's Oldest University. The oldest university in the world is at Peking. It is called the "School for the Sons of the Empire." Its antiquity is great, and a grand register consisting of 320 stone columns, is reputed to contain the names of 60,000 graduates. A Cool One. "I worry so over your shortcomings that my dresses no longer fit me." "Yes, mum," said the cook. "Then I suppose you wouldn't mind giving me one or two?"—Louisville Courier-Journal. Optimistic Thought. When God wills a man to be free, no ruler can prevent it. Polite Service ♦ High Grade Goods DOUGLAS 5990 THE PALACE ICE CREAM PARLOR Fresh Line of Fruits, Candies, Cigars and Tobacco C. S. SMITH, Proprietor 762 EAST 39TH STREET KINKY HAIR Atlantic Co. Baltimore Med. Co. Gentlemen My picture shows you that your fun EXELENTO QUININE PORADE has done for my hair. Before I used it, my hair was drier than it is now, and now it is 24 inches long, and so wet and soft that I can do it up say my way I want to. JANIE BARA. Don't let some fake Kink Banerow fool you. You really can't straighten your hair until it's nice and long. That's what EXELENTO QUININE PORADE does, removes Dandreff, feeds the blood of the hair and makes it grow soft and dillery. After using a few times you can tell the difference, and after a little while it will be so pretty and long that you can fix it up to suit you. If Exelento makes we chalk it will give your money back. 25c by use on receipt of stamp or coin. AGENTS WANTED EVERYWHERE. Write For Particulars. EXELENTO MEDICINE CO., Atlantic Co. --- THE BROAD AX. CHICAGO. NOVEMBER 23, 1918 The SMARTER SET HEADED BY Selem Tutt Whitney and J. Homer Tutt MATINEE WEDS. AND SATS., 2:15 ALSO THANKSGIVING DAY 1 SHOW NIGHTLY, EXCEPT SUN., 8:15; 2 SHOWS SUN. AND HOL., 6 AND 9 P. M. 3 WEEKS STARTING, MONDAY NIGHT, NOV. 25TH GRAND THEATER STATE AT 31ST STREET Men Who Dare to Do. Conventional men consider clothing, reputation and returns. The age calls for men who forget all in the challenge of the opportunity. While the crowd speculates and wonders, the man of the hour sees the opportunity and goes on to success. His fearlessness is a mark of his fitness. He dares while others cringe. It is this quality that gives the lion-tamer control of the beast. It is the quality that has thrilled every man that has risen above the average. It's a case of dare to do, or remain with the crowd.—Grit. Acres of Bananas In India and the Malay peninsula the produce from one acre of bananas—or plantains, as the fruit is termed in that region—will support a much greater number of people than a similar area under any other corp. Plantain meal is made by stripping off the husk/slicing the core, drying it in the sun and then reducing it to powder, and finally sifting. It is calculated that the fresh core will give 40 per cent of meal, and that an acre of average quality will yield over a ton. Strive to Keep Sweet Some folks are the very picture of misery. Their mouths are so constantly in a sour pout that they get ugly before they get gray. The kiddies take to their heels when they see the nagger coming down the street. Objectors are always wanting a new boss. Dismal old age stares the unfortunate victim in the face and he's bound to get soured on the world for the world has little to offer him. You can't take such risks,—Exchange. Hun Palindrome The longest single-word palindromes in the English language are said to be "reviver" and "rotator," each containing seven letters. A friend of ours has discovered one of nine letters, viz., "detanated," which may or may not be in the dictionaries. The Germans, however, have a palindrome of no less than thirteen letters, "reliefpfeller," meaning relief columns.—Boston Transcript. Young Financier. Newell entered his father's study one day much excited and out of breath. "Oh, papa," he said, "a man out in the street has some pigeons for sale, and I just lack 24 cents of having enough to buy one. Won't you give me that much?" As the father handed over the desired amount he asked how much the pigeons were worth. As the small boy hurried away he shouted back: "Twenty-five cents." Cause of Sun's Eclipse Eclipses of the sun are caused by the moon coming between the earth and the sun in such manner as to obscure the sun or a portion of it from the view of a section of the earth. An eclipse of the moon results when the earth comes between the sun and the moon so that the shadow of the earth falls upon the whole or a part of that portion of the moon visible to the earth. Dead Civilizations We think ours a wonderful civilization, and it is, in a way, notwithstanding the shadows that rest upon its soul. But there have been civilizations almost, if not quite, as splendid as our own. And they are gone—indeed, so dead that not a tombstone remains to mark the grave.—Christian Herald. Frog's Appetite. The common green frog has been discovered to possess an insatiable greed for wasps. This extraordinary appetite does not seem to be in the least checked by an occasional sting. The protecting color of the frog, which sits motionless upon leaves, no doubt deludes the most wary of insects into a sense of security. Friendships Good and Bad. There are three friendships which are advantageous: Friendship with the upright, with the sincere, and with the man of much observation. Friendship with a man of specious alrs, with the insinuatingly soft, and with the glib-tongued, these are injurious. Confucius. Wouldn't Scare Doggie. Margaret was desperately afraid of dogs. As she saw one approaching, the other day, she ran to her father, trying to hide beside him, saying: "Papa, let me hide by you till doggie passes; he's afraid of me." Long Siege. It must be pretty tough to be a giraffe with that all-the-way-down kind of sore throat, but just think of being an ostrich with rheumatism in yer lairs. Ancients Get Undeserved Credit. Ancients Get Unserved Greater. Asphaltum, gathered from the fountain of Is on the banks of the Euphrates, was used in building the walls of Babylon. Much of the talk about the skill of the ancients and their lost arts is all a myth. They should be given full credit for what they did, but such walls as those of Babylon and such structures as the Pyramids could be built far more easily and quickly at the present time. Now, however, people have more important work to do, and greater things to achieve. Imitation Elks' Teeth. Imitation elks' teeth in large quantities recently have made their appearance in the local market to the alarm of jewelers who deal in the genuine article. Some of the bogus teeth are easily detected. Others made of bone or walrus tusks are fair imitations of the genuine. A sure test, the jewelers say, is to immerse the teeth in muratic acid. The acid will bleach and roughen the better imitations and almost disintegrate the poorer ones. Plants That Grow in Craters In the crater of the extinct volcano, Hallakalau, in the Hawaiian islands, there flourishes a curious plant, locally known as "Silver Swords." They are evidently some kind of cacti. Efforts to propagate them elsewhere have, it is said, always failed. The crater where they are found is a huge cinder-strewn bowl, absolutely dry and devoid of any other form of vegetation. The "Seckel" Pear: G. D. Seckel Headman tells me: "The gentleman for whom I was named, George David Seckel, brought a pear tree from France which he had planted on his farm and he named the fruit the 'seckel pear' after himself, as it was the first of the kind in this country. Mr. Seckel's city residence was on Walnut street below Fifteenth, where he died about the year 1860." -Philadelphia Ledger. Music the Word of Germany. Music is the word of Germany. The German people, so much curbed as a nation, so emancipated as thinkers, sing with a somber delight. To sing, seems a deliverance from bondage. Music expresses that which cannot be said, and which cannot be suppressed. Therefore is Germany all music in anticipation of the times when she shall be all freedom.—Victor Hugo. Diamond Not Most Valuable It is a popular error to suppose that the diamond is the most valuable of the precious stones. The relative value of the finer gems places the ruby at the head of the list; the diamond second, and, following this, the sapphire. It is a very common occurrence to find a perfect diamond, but a perfect ruby is rare. Recular Form of Bread. The Indians along the Columbia river make a kind of bread from a moss that grows on the spruce fir tree. This moss is prepared by placing it in heaps, sprinkling it with water and permitting it to ferment. Then it is rolled into balls as big as a man's head, and these are baked in pits. A law of congress can be quickly repealed or altered if it fails to work well, but a Constitutional amendment is practically beyond repeal. Though 36 states are required to put an amendment into the Constitution, it takes only 13 to keep it there, even against the will of all the others. Substitute for Metal Pipes. Piping of compressed cellulose is now being used abroad instead of metal pipes, according to reports. While satisfactory for hot and cold air and corrosive acids, it is not suitable for steam. The Name Gutta Percha. Gutta percha derives its name from the Malayan words gueta, a gum, and percha, a cloth. It was introduced to the civilized world in 1842 by Doctor Montgomery, a Scottish surgeon. Greasing the Ways. Sald the near-cynic: "You can say what you please about elbow grease being necessary for success, but the oily tongue has got it beat a thousand ways." Uncle Eben. "It's wrong," said Uncle Eben, "to shoot crap under any circumstances. But somehow winnin' do ease yoh conscience." Daily Thought. If we encountered a man of rare intellect, we should ask him what books he read.—Emerson. As Near As Your Telephone DISTANCE IMMATERIAL IN a Metropolitan City of this size, death knocks every thirty minutes at some door. Too often that death not only brings sorrow, but misfortune as well. Let the price you pay for a funeral be a business proposition and you will benefit by it in service, quality and cost to you in dollars and cents. The result of my campaign has built for me one of the largest and most magnificent establishments in the world. Consult me, I can save you Worry, Shipping to all parts of the Country Funerals a Specialty. Central Di Chapel. Call promptly answered da Ernest H. William KENWOOD 455 Undertak 5028 and 5030 S. State St., THE CR Apartment 3600 WAB The finest building ever op cago. Steam heat, electric Consult me, I can save you Worry, Time and Money. Shipping to all parts of the Country and Automobile Funerals a Specialty. Central Display Rooms and Chapel. Call promptly answered day or night. Ernest H. Williamson, KENWOOD 455 Undertaker AUTOMATIC 73-867 THE FORTY-FOURTH STREET THE CRANFORD Apartment Building 3600 WABASH AVENUE The finest building ever opened to Colored tenants in Chicago. Steam heat, electric lights, tile baths, marble entrance OWNERS AND DIRECTORS DAN M. JACKSON GEO. T. KERSEY DAVID A McGOWAN AHMED A. RAYNER OPEN DAY The Emaile Undertak 2959-61 So Reliable Service Reason FREE CHAPEL Complete Line of Funeral C JACKSON SEY GOWAN WAYNER Phones Calum Automatic 7 OPEN DAY AND NIGHT The Emanuel Jackson Undertaking Co., Inc. 2959-61 South State Street Service Courteous Reasonable Prices FREE CHAPEL IN CONNECTION Home of Funeral Goods Automobiles DAN M. JACKSON GEO. T. KERSEY DAVID A McGOWAN AHMED A. RAYNER Phones Calumet 6164 Automatic 71-629 OPEN DAY AND NIGHT The Emanuel Jackson Undertaking Co., Inc. 2959-61 South State Street Reliable Service Courteous Treatment Reasonable Prices FREE CHAPEL IN CONNECTION Complete Line of Funeral Goods Automobiles for Hire A. F. CODOZOE J. H. WHISTON, Proprietors CHAS. HARRIS, Manager The B and 3030 STATE STREET FOR The Elite Cafe and Buffet TE STREET FOR RENT 2,4,5 and 6 Room Flats LAKEVIEW BUILDING VIEW BUILDING, 3100 ELLIS A LAKEVIEW BUILDING, 3100 ELLIS AVENUE Steam heat, hot water, electric light, wall beds, and strictly modern in every respect GEO. F. HARDING, Phone Douglas 1 H. HARDING, Jr., REAL ESTATE Douglas 1 3101 Cottage C GEO. F. HARDING, Jr., REAL ESTATE OFFICE Phone Douglas 1 3101 Cottage Grove Ave. P. H. Phone Main 263 Is Your Telephone PRICE IMMATERIAL City of this size, death knocks every one door. Too often that death w, but misfortune as well. Let the meral be a business proposition and in service, quality and cost to you. The result of my campaign has the largest and most magnificent NFORD Building AVENUE to Colored tenants in Chitile baths, marble entrance J. W. CASEY, Agent 133 W. Washington Street Phones Calumet 6164 Automatic 71-629 END NIGHT Al Jackson G Co., Inc. State Street Courteous Treatment Prices CONNECTION Automobiles for Hire AUTO. 72-379 Phones: DOUGLAS 3256 DOUGLAS 5071 Cafe Cafe buffet CHICAGO ENT 100 ELLIS AVENUE Y— REAL ESTATE OFFICE 101 Cottage Grove Ave. ADVERTISERS APPLY PAGE SEVEN Chicago, Ill. THE BR THE BROAD AX THE BROAD AX PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY In this city since July 15th, 1 Republicans, Democrats, Catholics infidels or anyone else can have the proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper all, ever claiming the editorial t Local communications will r on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in One Year Six Months Advertising rates made know Address all co THE B 6206 South Elizabeth Phone Wen JULIUS F. TAYLOR DR. M. A. MAJORS In this city since July 15th, 1899, without missing one single issue. Republicans, Democrats, Catholics, Protestants, Single Taxers, Priests, infidels or anyone else can have their say as long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write plainly, only One Year Six Months. Advertising rates made known on application. 4700 South State Street, Phone Drexel 1416 Vol. XXIV NOVEMBER IMPORTANT For resolutions, obituary not special announcements of events as sion is made, and the opening of cents per line; 6 words or fraction Personal or social items such everything of a general interest, Entered as Second-Class Matter, August Under Act of For resolutions, obituary notices, cards of thanks, write-ups, special announcements of events to happen, when a charge of admission is made, and the opening of new business enterprises, etc., 15 cents per line; 6 words or fraction makes one line. Personal or social items such as marriages, births, deaths and everything of a general interest, published free of charge. Entered as Second-Class Matter, August 19, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago, Ill., Under Act of March 3, 1879. JOURNAL RECIPROCITY ADVOCATED The Broad Ax is not attempting to display any new and unhatched theory not dwelt upon by other weekly newspapers in suggesting to our brothers of the craft such a proposition of newspaper reciprocity—in other words "team work"—We are reasonably sensitive of the fact that as Negro Editors we are compelled to fight the races battles in its advocacy of the great principle of democracy, without any great assistance from the white daily newspapers. We are clamoring as a people for less hostility, and a more just reconciliation, and a nobler manhood; preachment of all that is nourishing and helpful to a race long wronged by the cruel usage of a horrible tyranny. Of course, the man or woman whose noblest nature is gilded by the fine art touches of truths holiest humanity will not need re-adjustment in the things which necessarily must come out of the consequences of the terrible world war, for which nearly a half million Negroes fought for the safety of the world. We have the feeling strong within us that we've got to get together and do something that may be regarded as assets in some material forms manifesting a disposition that may be accredited as worth while; for instance, we've got to get together on the raising of funds to carry forward the propagandas that so forcibly must be speak racial progress and development. We've got to learn the new definition for aggressiveness. We've got to form a newspaper alliance to put before our people the chief needs and aims of a people recently awakened to the activities of life, calling forth the very concentrated energy of our people. We should not lag. We have reached a place in the worlds development that calls for the greatest human thought, the best and most lasting endeavor, and we must really do things that only a united people can do. ABOUT GOING INTO BUSINESS Have you the business instinct? Do you dream and think and feel that you ought to be selling things, and ringing up a cash register? Do you entertain notions of showing a genial nature and giving polite attention to just ordinary people? Have you any business sense at all? By this we mean, can you answer questions politely? The Jew can and he can smile and go out of his way to gratify a customer. If you went into business would you get up earlier enough every morning to read the market columns in the daily paper before you begun selling? The Jew does—You know very well that the market fluxuates and that prices on butter, eggs, bacon, rice, coffee and --- PAGE EIGHT 1899, without missing one single issue. Uses, Protestants, Single Taxers, Priests, their say as long as their language is all. For whose platform is broad enough for right to speak its own mind. receive attention. Write plainly, only in advance. .....$2.00 1.00 own on application. communications to BROAD AX North Street, Chicago, Ill. entworth 2597. Editor and Publisher Associate Editor NANT NOTICE notices, cards of thanks, write-ups, to happen, when a charge of admis- of new business enterprises, etc., 15 on makes one line. such as marriages, births, deaths and published free of charge. 19, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago, Ill., F March 3, 1879. dozens of other commodities change almost daily. Now by watching the daily steady rise and fall of prices of these things you learn to become a shrewd buyer, and it takes the skill of buying to have the skill in selling. You can readily see that there are other things connected with store keeping besides opening the doors and dusting out. If you could become an attractive marker, you could whoop things up a bit. People like to see the prices and it saves you answering questions. Don't know anything about anything else or anybody if you are running a store. Besides keep your mouth shut and sell your goods. I see I've got you slightly interested and I might as well give you an alapathic dose of friendly advice. If you have a little money and want to invest it. Don't you do it. Wait, get your mind thoroughly made up. Then resort to a little detective work. Snoop around a live grocery or dry goods store and see how they do things. You might get a job so that you can get the run of things; watch how everything is done and above all watch the polite methods and genteel manners of the business people, and if you are smart, you'll find yourself growing strong with the business idea. HONOR YOUR RACEHOOD Every now and then the writer gets bellicose it might seem, but ever and anon we get to doing some foolish thing, or not doing some sensible thing, which get the wheels in our organization going around. You had better stop being cheap. God made you a man, if you want to be a fool, a monkey or sneered at because your skin is a little dark that is within your own option. But say if you have ever contrived to feel, or believe that because of your color you've got to sling, skulldug, and just be a blooming joke and handy simpleton for some accidental individual of another race, heaven help you, there is no hope, you're all ready dead. Just to be a living joke—a simpleton, an object of inferiority, less than a proud manly man, who will not bow only to God, but what is the use? Words are lacking unless we were to employ language a preacher can't use and remain a saint. Review yourself — Fumble around, there yet may be a little something in your composition to yet spark and kindle up to the blazing fury of an untrammeled man. Do your duty to yourself, forget the other fellow. Hold up your shoulders and stop feeling any difference in people. There isn't any. People are human, some good, and some bad. If color was anything a white goat would rule the universe. Without Christianity and it's moral teachings, the whitest man or woman alive would be a savage, a pagan. Education is one of the scientillating rays of Christianity. Get all of it you can, don't stop until you've sopped up all the science beyond the reaches of the farthest star. Intelligence is already in you, you have the holding capacity, after you are developed, and your intellectual rigging is set in order, no sensible person ever can for a moment, in justice to themselves, think about your color. solely by us? Can the Negro ever get important enough to leave the people off his program, that leave us off of theirs? Let us do this by ourselves. Let Mr. big white somebody stay down town, and for God sake let the Negro pay tribute to his own soldiers without getting the privilege from any man or set of men. NEGRO NEWSPAPERS AND THE WAR The Negro newspapers have all done great service in giving publicity to many of the governments calls for united action and support financially and morally. They have reached the entire Negro race in all of the states, Canada, the isles of the sea, South America and the Philipines, Hawaii and Alaska. Many of our newspapers and magazines go to every civilized country in the world. Most people would hardly think how huge and undertaking this is. Just think how wonderful for a race just fifty years ago emerged from the terrible horrors of the obstruction and hindance of even reading a book or writing a letter, now lettering the civilized world with its own best literature printed in books, magazines and newspapers and because it is merely one of the great many other things we've accomplished we don't scarcely care to stop and think of it. Truly we are a wonderful people, a great many millions of other people know it. In the war with Germany Austria, Bulgaria and Turkey our Negro soldiers gave a good account of themselves and in such fashion that the Negro newspapers and magazines printed poems, stories and associated press reports commending them for valor and deeds of daring equal to any other soldiers of any race. PATRONIZE YOUR RACE Spending money if you have money to spend ought to be with your own race. I mean by that patronize them when they have what you need, and can give you the marketable price. If our people in business would learn well their lesson, they would sell at a fair price. And not hurry to get rich by dare-devil profits. Business cannot build upon the rocks any more than it can be built upon the sand. For heavens sake men and women in business build up your store reputation upon fresh goods, marketable value as to prices you charge white people, yellow people, brown people and black people will come to your store and spend their money with you. Then when you get to going good for God sake go to a Negro Bank with your money. We have almost every variety of stores in the second, third and thirtieth wards, there are not enough of them, and not one of them is large enough. It is up to you business folks. Study your patrons, learn their wants, get and keep what you already know they must have and above all things cultivate that happy smile that business people put on. To the Negro doctor, the Negro lawyer, the Negro druggist all this is applicable. Don't try to cheat, be square with the people and they will be square with you. Deliver the goods if you would wear the cheerfulness of the Gods. HONOR YOUR OWN SOLDIERS AND LET THE WHITE'S HONOR THEIRS So much is being said about the early home coming of our Colored boys from across the sea, that the affair has gotten on ye editor's nerves. What have we done in the way of giving them any adequate greeting? What arrangement has been thought out? What kind of program has been started that can and will be operated and carried out for them, by us, and solely by us? Can the Negro ever get important enough to leave the people off his program, that leave us off of theirs? Let us do this by ourselves. Let Mr. big white somebody stay down town, and for God sake let the Negro pay tribute to his own soldiers without getting the privilege from any man or set of men. Torch of One's Own. As Plutarch tells us, "It is well to go for a light to another man's fire, but not to tarry by it, instead of lightening a torch of one's own." A torch of ones' own! That is a possession worth having, whether it be a flaming beacon on the hilltop or a tiny taper in the window. We cannot tell how far a little candle throws its beams, nor who is laying his course by its flickering light. The most that we can do—and it is also the least that we should do—is to tend the flame carefully and to keep it steady.—Brander Matthews. All Kinds of Whiskers Whiskers are a variable side issue. The closely trimmed whisker, descending to the lobe of the ear on an otherwise clean-shaven face, was long a favorite among sporting men. Worn lower down the jaw, the whisker changes character and develops into "mutton chops" that blossom in a bushy manner. Still more pronounced are "Picadilc weepers" of the Lord Dundreary kind. This last and the mutton chop are worn with a mustache, while John Bull shaves everything except his hikers. Harsh Egyptian Custom The law of the Egyptians in respect to debtors and creditors was to the effect that no man was permitted to borrow money without pawning to the creditor the dead body of his father, or nearest ancestor, which every man kept embalmed in his house. It was thought infamous and impious not to redeem so precious a pledge, and he who died without having discharged that duty was deprived of the customary honors of burial. Hunter's Secret of Success As a hunter the native Australian is marvelously adjusted to the environments. His success lies in an intimate knowledge of the habits of animals on land, in the ground, in trees and under water, and his wonderfully developed powers of observation. He decoys pelicans by imitating their cries, catches ducks by diving below them, locates an opossum in a tree by marks on the bark or by the flight of mosquitoes, finds snakes by the action of birds, and follows a bee to its store for honey. Driest Place on Earth The city of Payta, in Peru, is the driest place on earth. It is within five degrees of the equator, and the inhabitants see a shower on the average of about once in two years. Frequently, six or eight years elapse between rainfalls, but when a shower does come, it lasts usually from 12 to 20 hours. Strange as it may seem, there are seven species of annual plants which exist in this place, and the natives raise a kind of cotton with extrolong roots, which go down far into the soil and obtain moisture from the bed of an old, dried-up river which once run through Payta. Fighters and Thinkers Behind the fighters must work the thinkers, for fighting without thinking will never accomplish anything—W. H. P. Faunce. Innocence in genius and candor in power are both noble qualities.—Mandame de Stael. Optimistic Thought He who rules a ruler is himself the ruler. Not Always. We always like those who admire us us said La Rochefaucauld; we do not al- ways like those whom we admire. Daily Thought Fortitude is a great help in distress —Plautus. Daily Thought. Earth gets its price for what earth gives us. 'Tis heaven alone that is given away.' James Russell Lowell. Studious let me sit and hold high converse with the mighty dead.—Thomson. Cigar Boxes. Cigar boxes are chiefly made from red cedar, which is grown in central America, Mexico and the West Indies. Thank Heaven. Kissing may have come down from the dark ages, but the blondes are not opposed to it.—Toledo Blade. There is the greatest safety in those things that are the most honorable. Regualites for Copyright The main provisions of the copyright act of June 1, 1900, are that two copies of the work, as printed—not in manuscript—together with the fee of $1, shall be sent, as soon as possible after publication, to the copyright office, library of congress, Washington, D. C. The original term of the copyright is for 28 years, and upon application within the year preceding the date of its expiration, it may be renewed by the author or his heirs or executor for another period of 28 years. Our Wonderful Language. A certain merchant died, leaving to his only son the conduct of his extensive business, and great doubt was expressed in some quarters whether the young man possessed the ability to carry out the father's policies. "Well," said one kindly disposed friend. "for my part, I think Henry is very bright and capable. I'm sure he will succeed." "Perhaps you're right," said another friend. "Henry is undoubtedly a clever fellow, but, take it from me, old man, he hasn't got the head to fill his father's shoes." Panic Active Aid to Disease Panic, in truth, is always the most potent enemy upon which disease can call for aid. For panic not merely cripples the mind and the morale; it has directly disastrous consequences to the body itself. It deranges the digestion, it strains the heart, it slows the circulation of the blood. Thus it weakens the whole system, predisposing to infection by disease and making it more difficult to escape outcome if infection strikes. Cataract of the Eye. In cataract of the eye, the lens becomes opaque, or dark, and therefore no longer capable of transmitting the light. Causes of cataract are numerous. Inflammation or injury to the lens may produce it, and may be the result of various diseases, such as gout, rheumatism, diabetes or scrofula, and often accompanies old age. Correction requires a surgical operation to remove the diseased lens. Grand Army Button The Grand Army of the Republic bronze button, worn by members on the left lapel of the coat, was adopted as the result of a motion made at Minneapolis in 1884 by Chill W. Hazzard of Pennsylvania, that the council of administration of the G. A. R. be directed to adopt a design for such a button. The design was formally adopted by the council and later approved by the national encampment. All Must Be Earned. All external good has its tax, and if it come without desert or sweat, has no root in me and the next wind will blow it away. But all the good of nature is the soul's and may be had. If paid for in nature's lawful coin, that is, by labor which the heart and the head allow. I no longer wish to meet a good I do not earn.—Emerson Avoid Thinking of Faults It will be found less easy to uproot faults than to choke them by gaining virtues. Do not think of your faults, still less of others' faults; in every person who comes near you look for what is good and strong; honor that, rejoice in it, and, as you can, try to imitate it, and your faults will drop off like dead leaves when their time comes.—Exchange. Greatest of Great Minds Shakespeare is of no age, nor, I may add, of any religion or party or profession. The body and substance of his works come out of the unfathomable depths of his own oceanic mind; his observation and reading supplied him with the drapery of his figures.—Coleridge. Your Eyes and Ears The eyes and ears do all they can for you, but without the co-operation of the mind that is very little. Listen with your intelligence, as well as with your ears. Look with your brain as well as with your eyes. Re-enforce your physical senses by concentrated attention. Pressure of Water The pressure of water per square inch is 433 pounds per foot of head. A fathom being 6 feet, the pressure per square inch at 5 fathoms would be 12.99 pounds, at 10 fathoms 25.98 pounds, at 15 fathoms 38.97 pounds, and at 20 fathoms, 51.96 pounds. Test of True Friendship Friendship which flows from the heart cannot be frozen by adversity, as the water that flows from the spring does not congeal in winter.—Cooper. Buoyed by Glorious Faith What a world were this: how unendurable its weight, if they whom death had sundered did not meet again! -Southey. Only Left It a Comb. "Mamma," said Bobby, "when you told the new cook to dress the chicken, she started to undress it."—Boy's Life. The Albatross The albatross spends its life, with the exception of a few weeks given each year to nesting, entirely at sea, and is on the wing practically all the time. Furthermore, it does not progress by flapping its wings as most birds do but seems to soar at will, rarely, if ever, giving a stroke of the wing, seeming to need no impetus. At nesting time, which is early in the year, the albatross repairs to an isolated island, such as one of the Crozet islands, in the southern Indian ocean, or Tristan Da Cunha, in the South Atlantic ocean. Small Things Once Precious In the reign of Henry VIII, a needle was so valuable a thing that an English comedy was written about the loss of one. In the reign of Queen Elizabeth, a pair of gloves were held to be a fitting gift for the sovereign. Henry IV of France, a poor and a frugal monarch, committed one extravagance which was commented upon by the court and noted down in Sully's memoirs. He used as many handkerchiefs as he required when he had a cold in his head. The Razor in Civilization Busts of the Caesars show them to have been clean-shaven. Men in the eighteenth century relied still further on the barber's art, for they shaved their heads as well. Hogarth has painted a beau of this period who by some chance had his wig removed, which gives him the look of an elderly baby. The uncouth appearance of the barbarians, which shocked the Romans, was due a good deal to the neglect of these wild men to dress their hair. Don't Keep Friends Waiting Be prompt in keeping social engagements. The man or woman who is variably late soon merits disrespect for his own convenience and becomes unpopular with his friends. No excuse is compensation to a friend for having to wait for half an hour after the appointed meeting time. In making appointments allow a little time for possible delays—then appear promptly at the hour set—Biddy Rye. Failure as a Success. Whether man has had wealth or poverty, failure or success, counts for little when it is past. There is but one question for him to answer, to face boldly and honestly as an individual alone with his conscience and his definy. "How will I let that poverty or wealth affect me? If that trial or deprivation has left me better, nobler, then poverty has been riches, failure has been a success." Very Sound Asleep. Two men had argued about politics until at length they had come to blows. "Sir," said one with dignity "you have called me a knave and a fool, you have broken my spectacles you have punched me twice. I hope you will not rouse the sleeping lion in my breast, for if you should, I cannot tell what may be the consequences." Scan Well the "Printed Page" The fact that we read from a printed page sometimes gives a false and authority to the thoughts expressed. We remember Rhinegelder's indignation, in Kipling's story, when he discovered that Yates had lied "in print." "Have a vigilant eye." says Milton, "how Books demeane themselves as well as men, and do sharpest justice on them as malefactors." First Senate Chaplain The first chaplain of the United States senate was Rev. Samuel Provost of the Episcopal church and bishop of New York. The first chaplain of the house of representatives was Rev. William Lynn of the Presbyterian church. Both officiated in the first congress organized after the adoption of the Constitution. Try to Read Wisely The habit of reading wisely is by no means an easy one to acquire, but unless acquired, the mind is likely to become so cloyed with literary sweet meats or satiated with academic treatises that it revolts indignantly, and for the time at least refuses to respond to the demands which habit places upon it. --- Must Have Proper Foundation Must Have Proper Foundation. The flowers of rhetoric are only acceptable when backed by the evergreens of truth and sense. The granite statute, rough hewn though it be 'far more imposing in its simple and stern though rude proportions, than the plaster cast, however elaborately wrought and gilded.—Macaulay. Persons to Avoid. Unwelcome are the lotterer, who makes appointments he never keeps; the consulter, who asks advice he never follows; the boaster, who seeks for praise he does not merit; the complainer, who whines only to be pitied; the talker, who talks only because he loves to talk always—Selected. Fifty-Fifty. Another thing—when a lady walks the street leading a harnessed dog, which gets the most advertising?—Galveston News.