The Broad Ax

THE BROAD AX HEW TO THE LINE; LET THE CHIPS FALL WHERE THEY MAY Hon. William Hale Thompson In His Race for Re-nomination and Re-election for Mayor of Chicago; Received Twenty-two Thousand and some odd more votes, than the combined vote, of Judge Harry Olson, and Captain Charles E. Merriam. Hon. Robert M. Sweitzer, Nominated for Mayor on the Democratic Ticket. HON. MACLAY HOYNE, STATE'S ATTORNEY OF COOK COUNTY; HAS STARTED HIS BOOM IN DEAD EARNEST AS AN INDEPENDENT CANDIDATE FOR MAYOR OF CHICAGO. ION. OSCAR DE PRIEST, AFTER A BITTER HAND TO HAND FIGHT WITH ALDERMAN LOUIS B. ANDERSON, FOR THE THIRD TIME FELL ON OUTSIDE OF THE BREASTWORKS IN HIS RACE FOR THE CITY COUNCIL FROM THE SECOND WARD. The primaries which drew to a close on Tuesday evening, made and unmade some of the future statesmen and many other politicians who had indulged in many pipe-dreams and as it has been said in these columns many times in the past that mighty hot times were ahead for some of the politicians and would be politicians for the primaries unhorsed some good, tried and true men and nominated some of the candidates for aldermen who cannot be classed with the best citizenship of this city. On the whole or in the main it was not surprising to the leading politicians that Mayor William Hale Thompson for the second time successfully made his get-away with the bacon and trampled his two rivals Judge Harry-Olson and Capt. Chas. E. Merriam under his big Western cowboy feet, for Mayor Thompson received 22,000 more votes than the combined vote of his two Republican opponents and it would appear that he is still the coming man of the hour. either Alderman Anderson nor Alderman Jackson nor the second ward machine in his mad effort to bust back into the City Council and his six or seven thousand members of his so-called Peoples movement within the Republican party in the second ward, which has been his stock—in trade for several years which has enabled him to rake in many thousands of dollars from both the Republican and Democratic politicians at the same time, could not force the majority of the voters residing in that ward to put him over the plate at the primaries. Hon. Maclay Hayne State's Attorney of Cook county has become a real live active independent candidate for Mayor of Chicago and be and his followers expect to make the fur fly between now and election day. Hon. Thomas Carey put up a game fight for the nomination for Mayor of Chicago but the well oiled regular democratic machine was too much for him and he went down to defeat with his colors flying; he received almost fifty thousand votes at the primaries which amply proves that has a strong personal following in all parts of this city. It is estimated that the majority of the supporters and followers of Mr. Carey will fall in behind Hon. Robert M. Sweitzer and boost him for mayor of Chicago. THAT DINNER The Homecoming of the Old 8th Regiment, now the 370th Infantry, was a glorious event, but the women who tagged so faithfully on that bleak and blustery Monday a few weeks ago to raise funds to entertain all of our returning soldiers, want to know why a better dinner was not served to the gallant heroes, who covered themselves with glory on the fields of France. Surely out of the large sum of money turned over to the committee something more appe- CHICAGO, ILL., MARCH 1, 1919 am H nomination Twenty-tw e, of Judge Ha er, Nominated tizing than though boling, mis-called roast beef, yellow turnips, undrinkable coffee, et cetera, should and could have been served them. Those brave boys deserved the best that money could buy, for were they not willing to give their lives to make the world a decent place in which to live, while the slackers sought every conceivable excuse to remain at home in safety. Invincible in peace, but invincible in war, though perfectly willing to shout the loudest and parade most conspicuously when our gallant medal-bedecked men came proudly marching home. Who is to blame? Where is the shame to rest? "D." JACK JOHNSON AGAIN. Jack Johnson Broke in Spain; Battles for Purses of $200. Paris, special—Jack Johnson is broke in Spain. The ex-champion is fighting ten-round bouts with various ham fighters and lucky to grab off 1,000 peseta purses. (The nominal value of a peseta is the equivalent of 19.3 cents in American money.) Guy Garner, the jockey, just returned from riding at Saint Sebastian, says the Negro is looking pretty seedy, wearing a shabby old fur coat, which he boasts cost $5,000, but he does not say how long ago. Every little while one of Jacks' or Mrs. Johnson's diamonds disappear, presumably going to the pawnb shop. Puts K. O. on German Sailor. A few days ago Johnson fought an intermed German U-boat sailor, whom he nicknamed Bill Flint of Brooklyn, at Madrid. In the first round the sailor poked Jack in the fat stomach, worrying the Negro, but in the second round the German walked straight into Jacks' stiff arm, turned around three times, and dropped like a dead man for the count. Jack said afterwards he would not take on another tough guy like that. It would seem from the above that Col. Jack Johnson has almost walked to the end of his long rope.—Editor. Miss Catherine Le Altead, of St. Paul, Minn., attended the Race Congress; at Evanston, Ill., last week. She being the only representative of the colored race attending the Congress. She was pointedly refused admittance as one of the guests of the North Shore Hotel on account of her very light color. For several days, she was the house guest of Mrs. Harry Stanton Brown, 3242 Calumet Ave. Male T on and Re wo Thousand erry Olson, and for Mayor on President of the aid, cheer their stay Many Colored women in this city and throughout the country displayed their patriotism and self-sacrifice prior to and during the world war for Democracy in the way of aiding or administering to the wants and comforts of the Colored soldiers engaged in that bloody conflict. Not one of the Colored women accomplished more in that direction than Mrs. W. A. Buckner, President of the Kit and Comfort Club of this city, whose son, Hobart Garrett Whorton, served with the 8th Reiment in France. The latter part of September 1917 Mrs. Backner as President of the Kit and Comfort Club, secured the first license from the State Council of Defense of Illinois to enable the Kit and Comfort Club to work for the comfort and the aid of the members of the Eighth Regiment; later on she secured its second license from the State Council of Defense, which empowered its members to work for the comfort for all of the Colored soldiers of the United States. [Painting of a woman in a white dress with a crown.] President of the Kit and Comfort Club, which accomplished so much to aid, cheer and comfort the members of the Eighth Regiment, during their stay at Camp Logan, Tex., and in the trenches in France. President of the Kit and Comfort Club, which accomplished so much to aid, cheer and comfort the members of the Eighth Regiment, during their stay at Camp Logan, Tex., and in the trenches in France. MRS. W. A. BUCKNER The Kit and Comfort Club was far ahead of the American Red Cross and before the Red Cross had made the slightest effort to assist in any manner to add to the comfort of the Colored soldiers, the members of the Kit and Comfort Club, under the magnetic influence of Mrs. Buckner, had made mighty strides forward in that direction. The members of the Kit and Comfort Club gave its last ball at the Eighth Regiment Armory for the benefit of the Eighth Regiment the first part of October 1917, which was a great, financial success, and November 22, 1917, the Kit and Comfort Club gave a matinee at the Grand Theater and a neat little sum of money was realized from the affair, which enabled Mrs. Buckner and her hard-working co-workers to rig up many comfort kits for the soldiers. Later on in 1917 she held a very successful affair at the Appomattox Club, and many other benefits for the regiment were held in other places by chairmen of the various units of the club, who turned over a large number of garments to the American Red Cross, which were distributed among the members of the "Old Fighting Eighth Regiment." Owing to the high standing of Mrs. Buckner and the other members of the Kit and Comfort Club and their highly laudable efforts in endeavoring to add to the comfort of the soldiers, many prominent white ladies and gentlemen sent the club donations, among them being Mrs. J. Ogden Armour forwarding her check for twenty-five dollars. All of the foregoing plainly indicates that Mrs. Buckner worked extremely hard for the benefit of the members of the 8th Regiment and the other Colored soldiers. The last three quarters the members of the Kit and Comfort Club furnished various kinds of goods, which added to the comforts of the soldiers, amounting to more than six hundred dollars. E POL Re Sera ORT be a hay fh ee ee ae Sere pe ARES ee ene , bak soa, Bos <a ae = ra a a ; i : OT oan i - Seder \ - Z . Ex A A ig x me - - 3 = © A, OM > a SI GZ Vi Ib D); z Chae macnn eee. eX fd eB A. YRS = alent ‘ILDIX GAIT ATS’ é : aS : a) vd ‘ HEW TO THE LINE; LET-THE CHIPS FALL WHERE THEY MAY SS ess ss eee VOL. XXIV CHICAGO, ILL, MARCH 1, 1919 2 No. 24 Hon. William Hale Thompson In His Race for Re-nomination and Re-election ‘ Mayor of Chicago; Received Twenty-two Thousand and some odd more votes, than the combined vote, of Judge Harry Olson, and Captain Charles E. Merriam. Hon. Robert M. Sweitzer, Nominated for Mayor on the Democratic Ticket. HON. MACLAY HOYNE, STATE’S ATTORNEY OF COOK COUNTY; HAS STARTED.HIS BOOM IN DEAD EARNEST AS AN INDEPENDENT CAN- DIDATE FOR MAYOR OF CHICAGO. WON. OSCAR DE PRIEST, AFTER A BITTER HAND TO HAND FIGHT WITH ALDERMAN LOUIS B. ANDERSON, FOR THE THIRD TIME FELL ON FOR ere FROM er E SECOND WARD. f “ The primaries which drew to 4 close on Tuesday evening, made and unmade some of the future statesmen and many other politicians who ha indulged im many pipe-dreams and a: it has been said in these columns many times in the past that might; hot times were ahead for some of the poliicians and would be politicians for the primaries unhorsed some rood, tried and true men and. no. minated some of the candidates for aldermen who cgnnot be classed with the best citizenship of this city. _ On the whole or in the main it was ‘not surprising to the leading politi “tans that Mayor William Hale Thompson for-the second time suc- cessfully made his get-away with the bacon and trampled his two rivals jndge Harry -Olson and Capt. Chas. E. Merriam under his big Western cowboy feet, for Mayor Thompson Teceived 22,000 more votes than ‘the combined vote of his two Repub- lican opponents and it would appear that he is still the coming man of the hour. It was no trouble to figure out thet the final results of the Repub- lean primaries would end just about the way they did, that for all that the outsiders knows. that Capt. Mer- Tam might have been a stalk- ie bene cae eaae recom md to prevent the big rich Repub- cans from flocking to the support f Judge Olson with their money Which would have enabled his man- ‘gers to put up a stiff fight for him ‘long the. line. . The second ward again easily prov- 4 itself to be the banner ward for Mayor Thompson carried it by well ento eleven thousand majority, at Se same time pulling through Alder, ‘man Louis B. Anderson, who oubran ‘prmer Alderman Oscar De Priest who for the third time has fallen on the outside of the brestworks in. his "ace for the Council, who seem- Ine wil noe See eee either Alderman Anderson nor Alder- man Jackson nor the second ward machine in his mad'effort to bust back into the City Council, and hie six or seven thousand members of his so-called Peoples movement with- in the Republican party in the second ward, which has been his stock—in ‘thade for several years which has en- abled him to rake in many thousands of dollars from both the Republican and Democratic politicians at the ‘same time, could not fores the major- ity of the voters residing in that ward to put him over the plate at the primaries. Hon. Maclay Hoyne State’s At- torney of Gook county has become a eal live active independent candidate for Mayor of: Chicago and be and his followers expect to make the fur fly between now and election day. Hon. Thomas Carey put up a game fight for the nomination for Mayor of Chicago. but the well oiled regular democratic machine was too much for him and\he went down to defeat with his colors flying; he received almost fifty thousand votes at the pri- maries which amply groves that has a strong personal following in all parts of this city. It is estimated that the majority of the supporters and fol- lowers of Mr. Carey will fall in be- hind Hon. Robert M. Sweitzer and boost him for mayor of Chicago. THAT DINNER. ‘The Homecoming of the Old 8th Regiment, now the 370th Infantry, was.a glorious event, but the women who tagged so faithfully on that bleak and blustery Monday a few weeks ago to raise funds to entertain all of our returning soldiers, want to know why 2 better dinner was not served to the gallant heroes, who covered themselves with glory on the fields of France. Surely out of the large sum of money turned over te tizing than though boling, mis-called able ‘coffee, et egtera, should and could have been served them. | ‘Those brave boys deserved the best ‘that’ money could buy, for were they ‘not willing to give their lives to make the world a decent place in which to live, while the slackers sought every conceivable excuse to remain at home in safety. Invincible in peace, but invincible in Kee i a et il ‘most conspicuously when our gallant medal-bedecked men came proudly marching home. Who is to blame? Where is the shame to rest? “p” ee JACK JOHNSON AGAIN. Jack Johnson Broke in Spain; Battles for Purses of $200. Paris, special—Jack Johnson is broke in Spain. The ex-champion is fighting ten-round bouts with various ham fighters and lucky to grab off 1,000 peseta purses. (The nominal value of a peseta is the equivalent of 19.3 cents in American money.) Guy Garner, the jockey, just re turned from riding at Saint Sebas- tian, says the Negro is looking pretty seedy, wearing a shabby old far coat, which he. boasts cost $5,000, but he does not say how long ago. Every little while one of Jacks’ or Mrs. Johnson's diamonds disappear, pre- sumably going to the pawnshop. Pats K. 0. on German Sailor. A-few days ago Johnson fought an interned German U-boat sailor, whom he nicknamed Bill Flint of Brooklyn, at Madrid. In the first round the sailor poked Jack in the fat stomach, worry- ing the Negro, but- in the second round the German walked straight into Jacks’ stiff arm, turned around three times, and dropped like a dead man for the count. Jack said after: wards he would not take on another tough guy like that. Y It would seem from the above that Col. Jack Johnson has almost walked to the end of his long rope —Editor. Miss Catherine Le Altead, of St Paul, Minn., attended the Race Con- gress; at Evanston, IL; last week. She being the only representative of the colared race attending the Con- gress. She was pointedly refused ad- mittance as one of the guests of the North Shore Hotel on account of her very light color. For several days, she was the house guest of Mrs. Harry Stanton Brown, 3242 Calumet Ave, : BR 5 sy FS e 3 z — : a Sgt ; : = i‘ : ‘ ¥ aa tee 2 gael Se et iS Sie oe ’ ee Sate See TEA dee aed codesk the tombe af tho Mighek Miaiaae teri their stay at Camp Lega, Tex., and in the trenches in Francs. Many Colored women in this city and throughout the country displayed their patriotism and self-sacrifice prior to and during the world war for’ Democracy in the way of, aid. ing pr administering te the wants and comforts of the Colored soldiers engaged in that bloody conflict. Not one of the Colored womien ac- complished more in that direction than Mrs.-W. A. Buckner, President of the Kit and Comfort Club of this city, whose on, Hobart Garrett Whorton, served with the Sth Re- iment in France. 5 ‘The latter part of September 1917 Mrs. Buckner as President of the Kit and Comfort Club, secured the firs license from the State Council of Defense of Hlinois to enable the Kit and Comfort Club to work for the comfort and the aid of the members of the Eighth Regiment; later on she secured its second license from the State Council of Defense, which er- powered its members to work for the comfort for all of the Colored soldiers of the United States. MRS. W. A. BUCKNER The Kit and Comfort Club was far ahead of the American Red Cross and before the Red Cross_had made the slightest effort to assist in any [manner to add to the comfort of the Colored soldiers, the members of the Kit and Comfort Club, under the magnetic influence of Mrs. Buckner, had made mighty strides forward in that direction. The members of the Kit and Com- fort Club gave its last ball at the Eighth Regiment Armory for the ben- efit of the Eighth Regiment the first part of October 1917, which was a great, financial success, and Novem- ber 22, 1917, the Kit and Comfort Chib gave a matinee at the Grand Theater and a neat little sum of money was realized from the affair, which enabled Mrs. Buckner and her hard-working co-workers to rig up many comfort kits for the soldiers. , Later on im 1917 she held a very successful affair at the Appomattox by chairmen of the various units of the club, who turned over a large number of garments to the Anerienn Red Cross, which were distributed among the members of the “Old Fighting Eighth Regiment.” | Owing to the high standing of Mrs. Buckner and the other members of the Kit and Comfort Club and their highly laudable efforts in endeavor- ing to add tothe comfort of the sol- and gentlemen sent the club dona- tions, aniong them being Mrs. J. Og- dem Armour forwarding her check for twenty-five dollars. All of the foregoing plainly indi- eates that Mrs. Buckner worked ex- tremely hard for the benefit of the members of the 8th Regiment and the other Colored sidiers. 'e The last three quarters the mem- bers of the Kit and Comfort Club fursished various kinds of goods, which added to the comforts of the soldiers, amounting to more than six ‘Mrz. Buckner has in her possession | (Continued on Page Four) PAGE TWO THE BROAD AX In this city since July 15th, 1899, without missing one single issue. Republicans, Democrats, Catholics, Protestans, Single Taxers, Priests, infidels or anyone else can have their say as long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in advance. Advertising rates made known on application. 6206 So. Elizabeth St., Chicago, Ill. Phone Wentworth 2597. JULIUS F. TAYLOR Editor and Publisher DR. M. A. MAJORS Associate Editor 4700 South State Street Phone Drexel 1416 Vol. XXIV March 1, 1919 No. 24 Entered as Second-Class Matter, August 19 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago, Ill., under Act of March 3, 1879 CHIPS George J. Terrell, who worked very hard day and night, for the success of Hon. Thomas Carey, carried the thirty-third precinct of the third ward for him on primary day and Charles Redd, carried the thirty-first precinct of the third ward for Mr. Carey. Mr. Terrell, is firmly of the opinion; that well on to twelve hundred, colored men and women voted for Mr. Carey, in the second and third wards. Attorney James E. White, returned home Monday morning from Houston, Tex., where he was engaged in legal business in connection with the Colored Masons of the Lone Star State. Little Miss Beatrice Brown, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Harry Stanton Brown, 3242 Calumet Ave., celebrated her eighth birthday last Wednesday. A number of her little girl friends assisted her in having a good time. Mrs. Jennie Eldridge-Watts, who was for some time, well known in theatrical circles, is conducting the Eldridge Apartments at 3521 Grand Boulevard. Height of Clouds. Clouds are very variable in height—from 500 to 2,000 feet. The clouds in thunderstorms, as may be very deep—from two to five miles and more—hence the appearance as to distance is very deceptive. Cumulus clouds are intermediate. No Separation in Sight Mrs. Mark—"Mrs. Skanner tells me that her husband is an ardent lover of books." Mr. Mark—"I wish he'd prove fickle to two volumes of mine which he enticed away more than five years ago."—Buffalo Express. offits by Experience. Of course others may do as they please, but personally, we never expect to invest in another oil well until it proves able to grease its own machinery.—Dallas News. What Hurts Sometimes a man doesn't mind being hempcoed a little, just so the chickens don't laugh at him.—Cincinnati Enquirer. A lot of us think that freedom of speech is all right until the other fellow starts taking advantage of it. Must Take the Risk. Do not expect the ship to return loaded with precious treasures without being exposed to dangers. Explained. Said the facetious feller: "A cynic is merely a philosopher with chronic indigestion." } Pecullar Bush Beans Careful tests have shown that certain kinds of bush beans which as a rule bear one good crop of early beans and then cease to produce, will, when started in flowpots under glass, produce a fine crop much earlier than those planted in the open soil, and continue to produce beans all through the summer up until the vines are cut-by frost in autumn. It is supposed the age of the plant makes the difference, as the one started under glass is older before it bears any beans at all, Make Best Use of Time. Every man has the same chance in the use of time. One may be faster than another, but there are usually compensating conditions that equalize things. Not always to the swift is the race. Many a tortoise has beaten hares in life. It's the use of the hours that counts. Make the minutes hum with well directed industry and you have a profitable life in the making. It's every man's right to make the most of himself. He does this by his use of the minutes. How Chinaman Drinks Tea. The Chinaman in preparing tea places a pinch of leaves in a Chinese teacup, which is without a handle, pours boiling water over them and places the cover on the cup. In a few seconds the tea is ready for drinking; the covered cup is raised to the mouth, and, with the fingers of the hand holding the cup, the lid is moved just sufficiently to permit the liquid to flow into the mouth as the cup is tilted. Where Gold Is Found. India's production of gold is principally from Mysore. Russia is the oldest gold-producing country in the world. Mining is carried on principally in the Ural mountains, but climatic conditions impede progress. Mexico has many mines, but labor troubles have a restrictive influence on the industry. Other countries which produce gold in small quantities are China, Japan, Chile, Peru, Persia and Hungary. "Pals" With His Daddy. The other evening I had company, and of course my small brother had to be on hand, and as usual was tormenting me. After so long a time, I said, "If you don't behave I will send you in to papa," and as he always has an answer for everything, I was not surprised to hear him say, "Well, I'm not afraid of dad, 'cause we are old pals."—Chicago Tribune. Zinc Shapes at Boiling Point Zinc is ductile between 212 and 302 degrees Fahrenheit and can then be shaped as required. But when either above or below these limits it becomes brittle and unpliant and therefore not adapted for treatment. It melts at about 786 degrees Fahrenheit if volatilization is guarded against. Tit for Tat. A very fat man was much amused by the ludicrous appearance of a bow-legged youth, who called upon him with a message. "By flingo," he exclaimed, "you look as if you'd been riding a barrel." The bow-legged one smiled as he retorted: "And you look as if you'd been swallowing one!" Had a Narrow Escape "Yes, sir," remarked the pompous individual in the noisy clothes, "I'm a self-made man, sir—and the architect of my own fortune." "Well," rejoined the matter-of-fact person addressed, "it's a lucky thing for you that the building inspector didn't come along at the time."—London Tit-Bits. Frogs as Barometers Certain animals, according to a London naturalist, appear to act as live barometers. And in proof of this he says that while frogs remain yellow nothing but fine weather may be expected, but should their coats begin to assume a brown hue it is a sign of coming bad weather. Substitute for Tin An Australian tin substitute is the compound of carbolic acid and formaldehyde. In methylated spirits this forms a varnish for food containers, saving the tin plate used in such great quantities for cans. Especially if He's' Married. Especially if it's married. If you want everybody in town to know a story inside of two days just whisper it as a secret, and make the man you tell it to swear that he will not repeat it.—Cincinnati Enquirer. Would Fill Many Refrigerators. The heart of Greenland is said to consist of a block of ice covering 600-000 square miles and averaging a mile and a half in thickness. Said the faceted feller: "As operators, the modern girl would rather qualify for the switchboard than for the washboard." Two Things He Remembered. The proprietor and editor of a certain local paper had been indulging in a little plain talk and prophesying disaster to the little town if certain improvements and sanitary reforms were not forthwith adopted. A local parson sided with the rural council which neglected these things and, after a sermon evidently pointed at the newspaper man, said: "You should remember the fate of Balaam." "I do," was the prompt reply from the pew. "and I also remember who it was that warned the prophet." To Keep Young. The great enemy of youthful the drying-up process, and this we should not only keep as much possible with the young but enter into their joys, their play zest and enthusiasm. We should and play with them, interest out in the things that delight the stead of pushing children away us and restraining them all the regarding them as a nuisance bore. Children were given us to us youthful, to keep our symp fresh.—Exchange. Baldness Caused by Wax. Baldness due to hardening of earwax has been reported in two cases by Dr. J. Deroide, a French physician. In both patients, men of 32 and 52 years respectively, bald patches had appeared on the back and both sides of the head, and careful examination of mouth, teeth, throat, nose and chest revealed no exciting cause. Both ears of each man were cided by wax. In the second week after removal of these plugs, new hair began to grow, and it soon became firm and abundant. Most Costly Man The most costly map in the world is a map of France which was presented to the republic by the czar of Russia when the Franco-Russian alliance was consummated. The groundwork of the map is polished jasper and the chief towns are represented by precious stones and their names inscribed in gold. The rivers are strips of polished platinum, and the 87 departments are set out on a wonderful scheme of blazing gems. Facial Expression. The frequent repetition of any facial expression causes permanent alterations in the expression, and these correspond with, and suggest to the beholder, the emotional state that has predominated; so that the man who is always laughing comes to look "a jolly man," the thinker a thoughtful man, and the woman who worries begins to wear a worried look that persists.—Darwin. Recipe for Happiness This gospel of happiness is one which every one should lay to heart. Set out with the invincible determination that you will bear burdens and not impose them. Whether the sun shines or the rain falls, show a glad face to your neighbor. If you must fall in life's battle, you can at least fall with a smile on your face. Well-spring. Moroccan Charm Moroccan wives have a recipe for winning back affection. The suspicious wife draws a line in honey from forehead to chin and collects the drippings. Then she rubs the tip of her tongue with a fig leaf till it bleeds and soaks seven grains of salt in the blood. This she mixes with the honey and puts the dose in the erring husband's food. The Descent of Man Professor Jehu, at the Edinburgh university, recently said: "Some Madagascar tribes believe that man descended from the crocodile, and they regard these animals as brothers, but when one crocodile so far forgets the ties of kinship as to eat a man, it is caught, tried and generally executed." File's Life In Limited Efficiency experts have been studying files and find that the life of one of these tools, on the average, is twenty-five thousand strokes. To employ a file for more than its normal period of usefulness, it is claimed, more than doubles the cost of the work.—Popular Mechanics. Coloring Tea. Tea is black or green, according to the method of preparation or manuure. The oolong of Formosa and Foochow are prepared in a manner quite distinct from that followed in the preparation of either green or black teas. Artistic Judge A St. Louis judge has decided that a mans' costume is not "unbecoming" for a woman. That judge evidently has an artistic eye.—Detroit Free Press. Study Chair Under the seat of a new study chair is a drawer for books and papers, while a shelf for writing can be swung across the arms from one side.-Pittsburgh Dispatch Count 'Em Again, Old Top! From an English story: "He'll have him in the Fleet prison, as sure as ever a dice has four sides."—Boston Transcript. "Playing Haekey." "To play hookey" originally meant to hide around the corner. Hoekje was the old Dutch word meaning "a little corner."—Gas Logic. Peat Used in Making Fertilizers. Italian peat too low in fuel value to be used for heating is being utilized in the manufacture of nitrogen fertilizers. Daily Thought. The silence that accepts merit as the most natural thing in the world, is the highest applause.—Emerson. To Keep Young. The great enemy of youthfulness is the drying-up process, and this is why we should not only keep as much as possible with the young but should enter into their joys, their plays, with zest and enthusiasm. We should romp and play with them, interest ourselves in the things that delight them, instead of pushing children away from us and restraining them all the time, regarding them as a nuisance and a bore. Children were given us to keep us youthful, to keep our sympathies fresh.—Exchange. World's Greatest Cataract. What is set down as the greatest cataract in the world is on the Iguazu river, which partly separates Brazil and Argentina. The precipice over which the river plunges is 210 feet high, that of Niagara being 167 feet. The cataract is 18,123 feet wide, or about two and a half times as wide as Niagara. It is estimated that 100,000,000 tons of water pass over Niagara in an hour. A like estimate gives the falls of Iguazu 140,000,000 tons. Ancient Place of Worship. What is said to be the oldest place of continuous religious worship in the world is at Tai Shan, Shantung province, Chinna. The place is near the town of Tainfu, and is located amidst cultivated fields on the bank of a small stream. A shrine was built over the spot many centuries ago, long before the coming of Christ, China claims an antiquity of 80,000 years. Hadn't Changed One day a little boy came to the postoffice window asking for mail. The clerk inquired the lad's name and gave him some mail. The following day he again appeared asking for mail, but was not recognized by the busy clerk, who inquired, "Whose little boy are you?" And, the boy, looking trustfully up into her face, replied, "Why, I'm the same little boy I was yesterday." French West Indian Islands Martinique is only one of the French West Indies. Its population of 185,000 slightly exceeds that of Guadeloupe, the second island of importance in the group. Besides Guadeloupe there are four other islands belonging to France in the West Indies, all closely connected with the mother country, and in all of which the population is 95 per cent black or colored. Famous Martinique Women Famous Martinique Women. Josephine, ill-starred wife of Napoleon, was born in Martinique, and her statue, splendid and melancholy, dominates the public plaza, or Savanne, near the center of Fort de France. Here, too, was born Mme. de Maltenon, the beautiful courtesan, whose influence on Louis XIV was responsible for one of the religious massacres during his reign. Soldering Aluminum French manufacturers are the most successful in use of aluminum solder. They use it in proportions as follows: Zinc, 80 parts; copper, 8 parts; aluminum, 12 parts. For soldering aluminum by means of the ordinary soldering iron, 95 to 99 parts of tin are recommended to 5 to 8 parts of bismuth, which makes an ordinary soft solder. Water-Proof Match A new safety match which is claimed to be wind-proof and waterproof will be especially useful in modern warfare. It will burn five seconds in the face of a strong wind, and when it goes out it will not start a fire, no matter where it is thrown. Fairly Warned. Amle was being teased by her little brother, he pulling at her doll's clothes as she would attempt to dress her doll. She said: "I knows a little boy who ain't got sense 'nough to know he's going to get a slap right in his face if he don't behave himself." Hawking in Persia Hawking is a favorite pastime In Persia. Every great personage has his facloner and falconry—every "squireen" his partridge hawks and hounds. Searchlight Strength There are some searchlights on the British battleships that throw out a light so strong and brilliant that a person 18 miles away could see perfectly well to read the paper by it. Uncle Ehen "Some men is so tremendous polite, no matter what happens," said Uncle Eben, "dat dey kinder gives you de notion dat mebbe dey's jes' a lit tie bit deceitful." Worth Trying. It is estimated that one pound of nitrogen properly applied to the soil will increase the yield of wheat by at least one-third. A Schoolhouse. What a schoolhouse is the world, if our wits would only not play truant!—Lowell. Daily Thought. Be calm in arguing; for fierceness makes error a fruit and truth discourtesy.—Herbert. Timely Warning. A sturdy tramp went into a suburban garden where the lady of the house was occupied in attending to her flowers. He took no notice of her refusal to give him some coppers, but continued to annoy her until a large dog appeared, barking loudly. The lady seized his collar and held it, calling out: "You had better go; it may bite." "You ain't got no right to keep a savage dorg," replied the tramp. "Perhaps I have not," she answered coolly. "If you think so, I won't keep him. I'll tell him go!" Iron That Can Be Whittled. It is well-known that rapid cooling of hot metals hardens them. That the opposite is true has recently been demonstrated in striking fashion by the General Electric company. One of their scientists annealed American ingot iron surrounded by hydrogen gas for three hours at a temperature above 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit. The product was very little harder than the softest copper, and can be whit-tied with a knife.-Scientific American. Rubber Plantations In the past the world's supply of rubber has come chiefly from the Amazon. Today the demand is so great that Brazil supplies only about one-fourth of the product. The Malay peninsula, Ceylon, Sumatra, and of late the Phillipine islands, have been cultivating rubber plantations extensively, and it has been discovered that rubber trees will grow almost anywhere along the equator where there is sufficient rainfall. Natural Gas. Natural gas is probably formed in the earth by a process of natural distillation from the animal and vegetable remains of past geological epochs, and is nearly the same product as is distilled from coal in the retorts of gas factories, only, instead of the heat of fires, the internal heat of the earth, alced perhaps by chemical decomposition, has caused its formation on a magnificent scale. How Macaroni Got Name: The origin of macaroni dates back to one of the kings of Naples who constantly taxed the inventive power of his cook. One day a dish was put on the king's table, of which he highly approved, and upon inquiry as to the expense of the new dish, the cook mentioned a sum which in those days was thought high; whereupon the king exclaimed: "Bounl ma caroni," "Good but very dear." Hence the name. Chinese Seclusion. So successfully has China succeeded in secluding herself from the rest of the world that there are places within her borders where Christian white men have never set foot even to this day. How very remarkable this fact is will be realized when one considers that the Christian white man has been the most restless wanderer known to history. Hardy Palm. The hardest palm at all common is California's "Trachycarpus excelsus," known as the windmill palm. Not alone is it hardy in withstanding low temperatures, but it is tough and will endure rough treatment, but boxed it is not a success, say those who know. Start on Right Path With the almost numberless opportunities for good and for evil that a city life presents, it is for each one, and especially for every young person, to choose at first which path he will pursue, which current to carry him along.—Philadelphia Ledger. Chic Tints in Teeth: In Japan the professional beauty loves to appear with golden teeth; in India she prefers them stained red, but in certain parts of Sumatra no lady who respects herself would condescend to have any front teeth at all.-Rocky Mountain Herald. Judging the World. People seem not to see that their opinion of the world is also a confession of character. We can only see what we are, and, if we misbehave, we suspect others.-Emerson Short and to the Point. If you cannot digest fruit, do not blame the fruit, blame your stomach. If you cannot digest what I write, do not blame the writing, blame your brain.—Los Angeles Times. Where Petroleum Is Plentiful. Where Petroleum Is Plentiful. In Siam the natives obtain petroleum from the earth by digging plits about 60 feet deep and dipping it out with pails. 1.000 Species of Flowers 1,000 Species of Flowers. Of 1,000 species of flowers, 284 are white, 228 yellow, 223 red, 144 blue, 72 violet, 36 green, 12 orange, 4 brown and 2 black. "Prince Charlie" Charles Edward, the grandson of James II of England, sometimes called Bonnie Prince Charlie, was known as the young pretender, son of James II. At the time of the rising of 1745 he was at one time very near entering London, but the fatality that hung over the Stuart overwhelmed him. He retreated to Scotland, where he and his army were utterly routed at Culoden. With him the direct line of the Stuarts became extinct. He died January 31, 1788. Piston Rings Piston rings, of which millions are used yearly, are shaped by centrifugal action from molten metal in the special machine of DeLavaud. In tests at Columbia university, it has been shown that these rings are not only made faster than by other methods, but are actually stronger and more resilient than rings of the same chemical composition cast in sand. The microscope reveals a more uniform and finer structure. Know Only Two Seasons There are but two seasons—the wet and the dry—at the equator in Africa. The former (summer) last eight months, with the thermometer averaging from 110 to 125 degrees Fahrenheit. During the dry or "cold" season of four months the thermometer stands at about 70 degrees. It then that the natives, who have been hived in their bamboo huts so long by the rain, desert their towns and set out for the forests and jungles. Pesta Wiped Out Recently a government hunter shot two male wolves which had killed 15 sheep and seven colts on two Wyoming ranches, while another trapper bagged a pair of old wolves which had a record of killing $4,000 worth of livestock a year. A third trapper destroyed 85 coyotes and 2 bobcats in one month, using six horses and 200 traps over a trap line varying from 50 to 100 miles in length. Called a Camisole The invariable subject was being discussed in a car between two men. Said the first: "I get on with everything bar the meat, and that's mostly too tough for me to manage." The meat's all right at our house, rejoined the second; "they learned my girl cookery at school, and she gets the meat quite tender in a French cooking pot they call a camisole." Sun Power Beats Coal. Is Claim. The Philadelphia inventor of a sunpower engine, which is said to be working successfully in Egypt, has fused that it would be necessary to cover but 20,250 square miles of the Sahara desert with the engines to obtain as much power as the world's coal supplied in 1900.—Baltimore American. Hint for Gardeners Buddy was helping work in the garden, when grandpa told him to pull some radishes for supper; the ground was hard, and Buddy had great difficulty in trying to pull them; finally he gave it up, and going to grandpa said: "I wist you'd planted 'em upside down, dranpa; then they wouldn't be so hard to pull." Powerful Light The amount of light given by a single lightning flash is sufficient to illuminate an area two miles square with an average Illumination of one candle. To produce such an illumination, the eminent electrician estimates the expenditure of 13,000 horse power for one second would be required.-Indianapolis News. Not Playing Fair It was mother's birthday and the children were trying to find out her age. Mother was teasing them by several exaggerated evasions. Finally Billy said: "I think you might tell me, mother; I never yet tried to keep my age from you." Honoring the Dead The great Japanese shrine of the imperial ancestors at Yamada, in Inse, is taken down every twenty years and exactly reproduced. For many years every Japanese felt it his duty to visit the great shrine at least once. Remedy for House Fleas Sprinkle the places where the pests appear with a thick layer of the following preparation: Insect powder, eight ounces; borax, eight ounces, and oil of pennyroyal, two drams. Sash: Serves as Ring Lovers in Japan, instead of an engagement ring, often give their future brides a piece of beautiful silk, to be worn as a sash - Indianapolis News. It is deflopte known that the Cerjon pearl fisheries have been in existence since 300 B. C., and tradition says they yielded gems, before that time. The truth is as impossible to be soiled by any outward touch as the sunbeam.—Milton. Optimistic Thought. Solitude is the home of the strong; fleece their prayer. HOW FEBRUARY WAS NAMED Month Known to the Romans as a Period of Religious Expiation and Purification. February was one of the two months (January being the other) introduced into the Roman calendar by Numa Pompilius, when he extended the year into 12 of these periods. Its name arose from the practice of religious expiation and purification which took place among the Romans at the beginning of this month, and comes from february, to explate or to purify. Among our Saxon ancestors the month got the name of Sproutkale on account of the sprouting of cabbage at this ungenial season. The name of Sol-monant was afterward conferred on it in consequence of the return of the sun from the low course in the heavens, which it had been running, starting on the first day of the month. The following day, or February 2, has from a date unknown in the Christian history been held as a festival of the purification of the Virgin, carrying out the pagan idea of cleansing, according to some writers, but the idea is at least open to doubt, as its popular name, even in the early church, is Candlemas, from the practice of carrying lighted candles in procession in memory of Simeon's words at the presentation of the infant Jesus. "To be a light to lighten the Gentiles." The Christmas decorations are taken down on this day in the churches. STRANGEST OF SHIP FREAKS British Inventor Must at Least Be Credited With the Possession of Much Imagination. Since that memorable day long ago when our rude forefathers first ventured afloat in their dugout canoes many very curious ships have been built. Perhaps the most extraordinary of all these freaks was the steamer Connector, which was launched in British waters in 1863. The Connector was built in three sections, each of which was, so to speak, a ship of itself. The bow or forward section, which was fitted up in the usual way, was jointed to the midship section by means of a huge bolt in such a manner that, as the ship pitched, it could rise or fall quite independently of the other two sections. Thus, as the ship met the waves a kind of wriggle ran along the hull. First the bow section rose, then the midship section followed suit, and finally the stern section wriggled upward. The craft passed safely through some very severe trials, and even ventured out in heavy weather. The idea was to build up ships in sections like rains, so that any particular section could be dropped at the various ports of call. Beautiful Message John Ruskin wrote, after the Crimean war, 4 beautiful passage, which may be a profoundly comforting message to the bereaved: "I ask their witness to whom the war has changed the aspect of the earth, and imagery of heaven, whose hopes it has cast off like a spider's web, whose treasure it has placed, in a moment, under the seals of clay. Those who can never more see sunrise, nor watch the climbing light gild the eastern clouds without thinking what graves it has gilded, first, far down behind the dark earthline—who never more shall see the crocus bloom in spring, without thinking what dust it is that feeds the wild flowers. Ask their witness, and see if they will not reply that it is well with them and with theirs; that they would have it no otherwise; would not, if they might, resive back their gifts of love and life, not take again the purple of their blood out of the cross on the breastplate of England." Peruvian Intoxicant. Pepper berries are the basis of an ancient and still cherished beverage in Peru, which is popularly known as chicha de molle. If you will examine a pepper berry in the first plump stage of its maturity, you will find that the bitter resinousness is overlaid with a coating of sugary sweetness—a natural instance of sugar-coated pill—and it is at that stage that the berries are gathered for chicha manufacture. There is a certain quality about this brew, aside from its cheapness, that is of particular appeal to the Peruvian taste; but it is by no means a temperance drink. Indeed, its consumption in some parts of Peru has gotten to be something of the same sort of vice that pulque drinking has become in the valley of Mexico. The Attraction I have a friend in East Africa who writes from a remote village that he was much puzzled recently by the marked interest in himself shown by the natives, says the Clubman in Pall Mall Gazette. First the "mayor," in a much-worn dresscoat and a fancy red walstcoat (worn outside the coat) arrived and walked round and round the Englishman at a spot where he was superintending the erection of a "wireless." Later the native gentleman requested that in the afternoon he might bring his friends, which he did to the number of a dozen; and they, like he, proceeded to walk round the soldier, peering curiously into his face. In the evening they returned with food offerings. And the reason of this flattering attention turned out to be a gold tooth, which they imagined must have grown in my friend's mouth. PAID FOR FAULT OF EMPRESS How Foot-Stunting of Chinese Women With Its Accompanying Agonies, Was Originated. A small foot was at one time more greatly desired by the women of China than any other item of feminine beauty. How the practice of stunting the feet originated is told by Henry Charles Sirr in "China as Described by Great Writers." He says: "The empress of an emperor, who reigned in China 'before the flood,' was found by her liege lord near the apartment of one of the principal officers of the household, who had the reputation of being a lady-killer. Receiving from the emperor a severe reprimand, the frightened woman pleaded in her defense that it was not her fault, but the fault of her feet, which were so very large they bore her to the forbidden precincts against her will. Thereupon the emperor ordered the fore part of her feet amputated. To conceal the fact the empress announced that she was to introduce a new fashion of small feet, and all about her were ordered to do likewise. At six years of age the Chinese girl started to curb her feet. The foot, below the instep, was forced into line with the leg, the toes then doubled down under the sole of the foot, the big toe being made to overlap the others. Bandages were then applied with horrible pressure, and for six weeks the child suffered intolerable agony. After this period the pain subsided and the child could totter about on the stumps. This custom was abolished, with other relics of early Chinese practices, by royal edict several years ago. AVOID THAT "DOUBLE CHIN" Investigation Has Shown It Can Be Controlled If Not Entirely Done Away With. Among the other strange ideas advanced in this era of strangeness is the one which would make it appear that the personal form of plumpness known as a double chin is not strictly patriotic. The critic, presumably a person of lathilke build, declares that a double chin is an indicator of disregard for conservation. Generous feeders are usually marked by this fleshy excess. Of course nobody wants a double chin. As far as known it never has found a welcome. Nobody desires to lose the precious neck line of youth. A double chin with its curving crease is quite enough of an anxiety without coupling it with an intimation of disregard for loveliness. Happily the charge has brought a quick response. An investigator declares that the double chin can be controlled and very largely mitigated. It depends largely upon the carriage and pose of the head. The person who has a repeated chin, or is threatened with one, should recall and practice Dr. Edward Everett Hale's famous advice: "Look up, not down." The person who sits, or stands, or walks, with an erect body and keeps the chin uptilt, can defy the crease and the fatty ridges—yes, and defy the insinuations of the lathy critic.—Cleveland Plain Dealer. Sad Fate of Chinese Widows Very few Chinese widows ever marry. As a rule, customs of society do not go further, but in some parts of Fukien the self-destruction of widows in their devotion to their dead husbands has assumed almost barbarous forms. For example, when a man dies his wife will generally declare her intention to kill herself to demonstrate her faithfulness toward him. Then the elders of the family will cause a high stage to be erected and invite their relatives, friends and acquaintances to witness the heroic deed. When the appointed hour has come and the spectators have assembled, the lady will ascend the stage to hang herself amid the admiration and approbation of the spectators. Then a stone arch will be erected to her memory, and the family will be regarded as illustrious for possessing such a devoted wife. Thinking and Doing. "The end of life," said Emerson, "is an action and not a thought," which leads us to remark how much importance we give to the thought and forget the corresponding action. This very thought of Emerson is worth nothing unless it culminates in a deed. And the lesson now is, never to have a thought that does not originate or culminate in an action. A thought apart from action is of no worth. Thinking well and refusing to do well is destructive of character. Teach that philosophy at school, and you understand it, gentle teacher, and if you don't stay home and wash dishes. Saying nice things and doing poor ones is the calamity of life, from which we should all pray to be freed. Palestine in Christ's Time. At the time of the birth of Christ, Judea, that portion in which Jerusalem was situated, was a dependency of the government of Rome. In the year 70 A.D., about thirty-five years after the death of Christ, Jerusalem itself was captured by the Romans under Emperor Titus and was destroyed. It was rebuilt by the Romans and held for varying periods by them, by the Persians, by the Mohammedans, by the Crusaders and by the Turks. It was under Turkish rule from 1516 until capture by the British. THE BROAD AX. CHICAGO. MARCH 1. 1919 OBSERVING EARTH'S SHADOW Possibly Not All Are Aware of Conditions Under Which It Is Plainly Visible. Everybody is familiar with the shadow of the earth as it appears when the moon is eclipsed, but not many know that they can see the shadow at less rare intervals much nearer home. All that is necessary is a clear sky at sunrise or sunset, for then the shadow falls upon the dust of our atmosphere in a most noticeable and striking manner. If you look eastward as the sun sinks behind the western horizon, a broad band of red seems to appear opposite the sun. It merges into a yellow glow above, and that in turn blends into the blue of the zenith. ' the red band rises, the under side of it fades into a dull slate gray, the umbra of the shadow. The observation obtained from a position that gives a clear sweep of the horizon discloses the form of the shadow band as an arch, the crest of which is directly opposite the sun. The more depressed the sun is beneath the horizon, the higher the arch towers toward the zenith. As it rises it becomes less perceptible, until the red band that borders it on top spreads overhead in a rather weak glow. COUNTRY HAS GREAT FUTURE Marvellous Fertility of Brazil Is Bound to Assure It High Place Among Nations. Geographically, the United States of North America and the United States of Brazil are somewhat alike. But the main river system of Brazil runs from west to east, the tributaries of the mighty Amazon spreading out like a fan in such wise as to facilitate water communication with the most distant parts of the interior, and to make the coast cities outlets for the products of regions reaching back to the foothills of the Andes. It is a country of the future—a territory almost virgin, indescribably rich and susceptible of a wonderful development. Nowhere else does the coffee tree bear so bountifully, producing four times the weight of fruit yielded by the plant in Mexico. Cotton and sugar cane grow like weeds. Rubber and the chocolate bean are already exported in vast quantities. Fruits are of almost infinite variety. A catalogue has been compiled of 22,000 species of wood (some of them the most beautiful in the world) found in the valley of the Amazon alone. Evolution in Partridges. A curious example of the effects of environment and changed conditions of life upon the forms of animals is furnished by a species of partridge that lives in the Canary islands. More than four hundred years ago, says the Los Angeles Times, the Spaniards brought the red-legged partridge from Europe to those islands, and the bird has continued to flourish there; but, as recent examination proves, it has undergone changes clearly brought about by the conditions under which it lives. Its back has turned from russet to gray. That, apparently, is protective coloring, since the bird passes its life among gray volcanic rocks. Its beak has become one-fourth longer and thicker than that of its ancestors and of its European relatives, and its legs also have increased in length and grown stouter. Those changes are exactly such as were needed to suit it to the life that it is now compelled to lead amid the rocks and on the mountainsides of the islands, where it needs a stronger physical development than it needed in its former home. Largest Earth Embankment. The Belle Fourche irrigation dam in South Dakota is the largest earth embankment in the world. Its construction was authorized by congress at a cost of $5,000,000. From an engineering standpoint this project is one of the most interesting which the government has yet undertaken. Its principal structure is the earthen dam. This dike, which closes the lowest depression in the rim of a natural basin, is 6,200 feet long, 20 feet wide on top and 15 feet high in the highest place. The inside face of this structure, which has a slope of one to two, is protected from wind and wave action by two feet of screen gravel, on which are placed concrete blocks each 4 by 6 feet thick. The cubical contents of this dike are 42,000,000 feet, or about half of the famous pyramids of Cheops in Egypt. The reservoir created by this dam covers about 9,000 acres and will be the largest lake in the state. Bridge Patched With Concrete. Much success is reported from the new method of strengthening old bridges recommended by the county surveyor of Shropshire, England. An old bridge of Thomas Telford, built 95 years ago between Shrewsbury and Ludlow, was found to owe its unsafe condition to two seriously cracked cast iron ribs, and restoration has been undertaken by incussing the ribs in ferro-concrete. The accomplishment of the work, restoring the way again to heavy traffic, is said to have made the structure even stronger than when first built. the work on the defective ribs was done from suspended platforms without interference with the roadway, and the repairs have not appreciably changed the appearance of the bridge. FORCED TO WAIT FOR NEWS People Got Information Slowly Before the invention of the Telegraph and the "Wireless." Today when the latest news of the day is flashed all over the world by wire and wireless, we are apt to forget the difficulties of gathering news before telegraphs were in general operation. The earliest fast news courier service of record was reported by Marco Polo, who relates that Genghis Khan, ruler of Chinese Tartary in the thirteenth century, sent relays of couriers across the country, covering about 300 miles each day. David Hale, manager of the New York Journal of Commerce from 1827 until some time in the 30's, found his paper shut out of a news-gathering combination, so he organized an independent service. He first created a private news boat service, which enabled him to scoop all his competitors in bringing the first news of the French revolution to this country. During the exciting period of Jackson's administration he established a horseback express service from Philadelphia to New York, which resulted in the institution of the celebrated "Hallfax express." Richard Haughton, founder of the Boston Atlas, used relays of horses to gather election news in Massachusetts, and he was able to print the returns of the election of 1830 at 9 o'clock on the morning after election. MUST BE ATTICS SOMEWHERE Possibly They Differ From Those of an Earlier Generation, But They Are Not All Gone. An eastern newspaper laments the passing of the attic. The modern home is without this historical museum of the family. And as for the flat—why, the attic of the flat is a miserable little storeroom in the basement. Where the attic once flourished in the old-fashioned mansion with the clock on the stairs, there is now a luxurious suite for the cook, or for the boys. And the walls have paper with pink roses on it, and there is plumbing and all that sort of thing. Where are the trivial fond records of the family's long or recent past now kept? In this section of the country we take heart of grace. A sale to aid the cause of woman suffrage reveals the outpouring, if not of the old familiar attic, yet something that must have taken its place—possibly the larger and more frequent closet "with a window in it." The attic may go, but the attic spirit remains. Somebody in the world somewhere wants these things. They come out and are "snapped up." If there is no attic in the modern house there must be something that corresponds to it. Is it a big closet somewhere, or is there a room at the top that still gathers the odds and ends?—Minneapolis Journal. Express Yourself Accurately. Few of us are ever called upon to quote Latin phrases, or discuss those achievements that have made ancient history, but today every one of us is expected to be able to express himself accurately, in plain, simple language—"words" that the average person understands. The wonders and glories and triumphs of a dead past make pleasant reading for people who have the time to thus indulge their tastes, but for the girl who must make every minute count—and the struggle for bread and butter means just that—practical books that will help her to express herself correctly are the works she should read in her spare time. If she is in doubt as to what subjects she ought to take up let her quickly seek the advice of some good, sensible friend, some person who is competent to select the most profitable kind of matter, and then she should act faithfully on this coaching.—Exchange. Seashore and Mountain I have lived by the seashore and by the mountains. No, I am not going to say which is best. The one where your place is is the best for you. But this difference there is: You can domesticate mountains, but the sea is "ferae naturae." You may have a hut, or know the owner of one, on the mountain side; you see a light half-way up its ascent in the evening, and you know there is a home, and you might share it. You have noted certain trees, perhaps; you know the particular zone where the hemlocks look so black in October, when the maples and beeches have faded. All its reliefs and intaglios have electrotyped themselves in the medallions that hang round the walls of your memory's chamber. The sea remembers nothing—Holmes. Make the Minutes Worth While. Make the Minutes Worth While. Weak characters yield the future to the passing minute. And you can't tell them about it. The best way to make people dislike you is to be constantly reminding them of the use of time. Each man prides himself in being his own boss, but coming days will give the lie to that little fiction that we can use the present in frivolity and reap glory in the future. The trouble with most of us is that we have the wrong idea of pleasure. We find it only in levity and nonsense. This is a bore to the man of brains. Minutes that do not contribute something worth while to life are counted lost. He finds joy only in what adds to greater fitness and develops the broadest character—Exchange. SAID HE SAW HELL AFLOAT Some Excuse for Backwoodman's Story When He First Saw the Steamboat Armenia Competition for passenger trade among steamboat companies on the Hudson river in the early days of steam navigation went so far sometimes that it defeated its own ends and was somewhat amusing in the retrospect. Such was the case with the Armenia, one of the first boats built which was fast enough to make most of the trip from New York to Albany by daylight. This was for the purpose of attracting passengers who wished to view the beautiful river scenery, but for fear that scenery alone would pall on the passengers, the owners also installed a steam caliello. The caliello was simply a series of steam whistles pitched in various keys of sufficient number to play simple tunes. The Armenia was considered something remarkable when she first appeared, as indeed she was. The demand on her boilers for steam to blow the caliello whistles was so great, however, that the expense of furnishing the passengers with steam tunes as well as speedy transportation was more than the owners could afford. The story is told of a Catskill backwoodsman, who, while visiting a river town for the first time, saw the Armenia plying along before dawn, spouting sparks and smoke and with all her discordant whistles blowing. On his return home he told a wonderful tale of seeing the devil going up the river in a sawmill with all the denizens of hell on board shrieking in awful torment. MADE FAMOUS BY RESULTS Events of History Remembered by What They Meant to Their Own and Succeeding Ages. There are enterprises, military as well as civil, that sometimes check the current of events; give a new turn to human affairs, and transmit their consequences through ages. We see their importance in their results, and call them great, because great things follow. There have been battles which have fixed the fate of nations. These come down to us in history with a solid and permanent influence, not created by a display of glittering armor, the rush of adverse battalions, the sinking and rising of pennons, the flight, the pursuit, and the victory; but by their effect in advancing or retarding human knowledge, in overthrowing or establishing despotism, in extending or destroying human happiness. When the traveler pauses on the plains of Marathon, what are the emotions which strongly agitate his breast? . . . Not, I imagine, that Grecian skill and Grecian valor were here most signally displayed; but that Greece herself was saved. It is because to this spot, and to the event which has rendered it immortal, he refers all the succeeding glories of the republic—Daniel Webster. Friendship. We remember how Doctor Gladden used to preach upon friendship, which he regarded as the practical form of religion. When a man's heart is right he is quite sure to be friendly. There is no hate, no envy, no suspicion, no discourtesy, no ill temper. To be without these is the fulfilling of the law which is love, and that is religion. Much more of it is needed than appears in business, in society, in politics. In fact, there is room for a good deal more. The test of a man's religion is found in the extent and quality of his friendship. It must not be the friendship of etiquette simply, nor even of good fellowship. It is the habit or condition of a person that grows out of his spirituality. There is not much use in a man's participating in all the means of grace if he hates his neighbor. And yet how many there are of that kind. There is nothing that the coming reconstruction of society needs so much as friendship. It is a sort of treason to neglect it.—Ohio State Journal. Departed Marine Glories In 1861, fully half of the world's tonnage flew the Stars and Stripes. We far outranked, and for nearly two decades had outranked even England herself. For 20 years our clipper ships had been the pride of the nation. There was not a port of the seven seas—not even Japan—that was closed to them. And still today, in the quiet New England streets of Salem and Newburyport and Portsmouth, one fluds in the old-time captains' houses the treasures of the Orient. In Essex street, Salem, stands the sturdy stone structure of the Asiatic bank; the Pacific bank still does business on the island of Nantucket—only two of the many mute memorials of the glory of the American merchant marine more than half a century ago. Quaint Old Eastport. The quaint old town of Eastport, Me., which is but a little way from the easternmost point in the United States, is of interest because during the War of 1812 a British fleet sailed into the harbor and took possession of the town and fort without firing a shot. Here British troops remained until the exact boundary between the United States and Canada had been determined. With the exception of the interval indicated above, American troops occupied the fort from 1808 until 1875. In the latter year it was abandoned and later the property was sold to private individuals, who turned the buildings into dwellings. PAGE THREE Most of Us Would Rather Take Chances With Even a Jury That Is Prejudiced. When judges or arbitrators in Tibet cannot come to a decision as to the guilt or innocence of a wrongdoer, they first assure themselves that the prisoner believes in "karma"—that he must inevitably suffer the consequences of his oath—and then they permit him to undergo an ordeal. Murderers and thieves are allowed to take the ordeal. In the presence of the judge, the prosecuting attorney, the witnesses and other spectators, the prisoner invokes the gods and the demi-gods to bear witness to the truth of his statement of innocence. A copper or iron bowl filled with boiling oil is placed before him. In this bowl are a black pebble and a white pebble, each the size of an egg, and each tied in a bag. The swarner washes his hands in water, then in milk, and listens while a section of the law written on a tablet with the blood of a cow slain for the purpose is read to him. When the reading is ended he plunges his hand into the boiling oil and brings out one of the pebbles. If he has taken out the white pebble without scalding his hand he is believed to be innocent and is released. But if his hand is scalded he's believed to be only partially innocent. If it is the black pebble that he brings up, and if his hand is scalded he is pronounced guilty and pays the penalty for the crime of which he is accused. FOUNDATION OF ALL SUCCESS Energy Has Been Well Defined as the Very Central Power of Character in Man. Energy enables a man to force his way through drudgery and dry details, and carries him onward and upward in every station in life, says Smiles. It accomplishes more than genius. Energy of will may be defined to be the very central power of character in a man—in a word, it is the man himself. True hope is based on it—and it is hope that gives the real perfume to life. No blessing is equal to the possession of a stout heart. Charles IX of Sweden was a firm believer in the power of will, even in a youth. Laying his hand on the head of his youngest son, when engaged upon a difficult task, he exclaimed, "He shall do it! He shall do it!" Nothing that is of real worth can be achieved without courageous working. The timid and hesitating find everything impossible, chiefly because it seems so. It is pluck, tenacity and determined perseverance which wins soldiers' battles, and, indeed, every battle. The reply of the Spartan father who said to his son, when complaining that his sword was too short, "Add a step to it," is applicable to everything in life. The Panama Canal It has been said that water at the Pacific end of the Panama canal is permanently higher than it is in the Caribbean sea at the northern end of the canal. The statement of the canal commission is to the effect that there is no difference between mean sea-level in the Caribbean sea at Colon and mean sea-level in Panama bay on the Pacific side of the isthmus, but at Colon the tide rises only about nine inches above mean sea-level and falls nine inches below mean sea-level; while at Panama the water at high tide rises to ten feet above sea-level and falls at low tide to ten feet below mean sea-level. The water at Panama at high tide is slightly more than nine feet above elevation of the water at Colon, while at low tide the situation is reversed and the water at Panama is slightly more than nine feet below the level of the water at Colon. One of the reasons for building a locked canal 85 feet above sea-level is that there are sometimes relentless floods created by the Chagres river, which has been known to rise $25\frac{1}{2}$ feet in 24 hours. In Affection's Garden. In the garden of our affections there are certain loyal natures that continue faithful through all things; as in the kingdom of vegetation there are certain finely organized and sensitive growths of flower and vine, which are so susceptible to warmth and light, and beauty, that they do nothing all their lives but look at the sun. In the dawn, with a sublime faith, they watch the east for his coming. Turning on their slender stems all day long, they follow him as he makes the circuit of the sky; and at nightfall, after he has sunk from sight, we behold again these flowers, their faces westward now, with the dewrops shining on their petals, like tears gathered in the eyes of parted friendship.—John McLandburgh. Inflation as a Defense The puffer fish affords a novel example of the way nature sometimes works to protect her creatures. The many different species inhabit all tropical and other warm seas and certain large rivers. Few of them reach a length of more than two feet. The peculiar characteristics common to all of them is their ability to inflate themselves with air or water until they become almost spherical in shape. The air or water that fills the abdomen or the esophagal sac is retained by a valve in the throat, and can be discharged almost instantly. die a nl wes — s “a ed = HON. ROBEK! m. SWEITZER The extremely popular Clerk of the County Court and the regular Democ- ratic candidate for Mayor of Chicago. FREDERICK” DOUGLASS CELE-/gomery, Willis V. Jefferson, M. BRATION AT QUINN CHAPEL| George T. Kersey, Lawyer William WAS OF HIGH ORDER. Latham, W. E. Wallace, George E — McClelland, Col. W. E. Mollison, an Many Prominent People Occupied | Julius F. Taylor were among thos Seats on the Platform. occuping seats on the platform. Sunday afternoon, the one hundred and second birthday of Frederick ‘Douglass was celebrated at Quinn Chapel, which was well filled from end to end, decorated with Americar fiags and the Tri-Colors for the occa. sion. \ 3 : Samuel Z. C. Westerfield, Presi dent of the Sunday Forum of Quinn Chapel, was assistant Master of Cere monies and with appropriate remark: he introduced Hon. A. H. Roberts who has been the guiding hand of the Frederick Douglass celebrations for some years, was the real master of ceremonies. Bishop C. T. Schaffer offered the-opening prayer and after a selection by the choir and a lovels solo by Madame Peyton, Mr. Roberts, in the most choice and eloquent lan- guage, introduced State Senator John Daily, of Peoria, Ill, who delivered 2 most masterly oration on Mr. Doug- Jass, and he imparted much informa- tion concerning his most remarkable career, which was of great value to many of those present, who were un- familiar with hie most wonderful achievements, from the little log cabin in which he was born to the grave. Among his most striking state- ments Senator Daily declared, that Mr. Dauglass was educated in “Nat- ure's university.” In concluding he exclaimed that he believed in Amer- ica, for Americans first, and when we have thoroughly cleaned our own household, it will be time enough to extend our beneficence and our blessings around the world.” At that point Major John R. Lynch made a motion, which was passed, fully authorizigz Hon. A. H. Roberts to appoint or select 2 com- mittee to organite a Fréderick Doug- lass Monument Association, looking forward to the time when it will be possible to erect a monument to his memory on the south side in this ‘Lawyer. W.. E. Mollison also de- Fivered = very line oration on Mr. by the audience, and he was fre- quently interrupted by hearty ap- plause. At the conclusion of his ora-| tion, Julius F. Taylor moved that rising vote of thanks be tendered to Senator Daily and to Col. Mollison tor mate ean 3 r, Jenifer, Rev. H. E. Stewart, Mai. Satuiet, Senator abs Daily, 8. Z. C.| ARREARS Fag ieee me Tg] PAGE FOUR gomery, Willis V. Jefferson, Mr. George T. Kersey, Lawyer William J. Latham, W. E. Wallace, George B. McClelland, Col. W. E. Mollison, and Julius F. Taylor were among those occuping seats on the platform. ote MRS. W. A. BUCKNER President of the Kit and Comfort Club of Chicago. (Concluded from Pagé One) letters from Col. Franklin A. Deni- son, General Frank S. Dickson, Hon. Samuel A. Ettelson, Marcus Eaton, representing the Chicago Chaptér ot the American Red Gross, and from many other prominent personages, both men and women, highly com- mending her as President of the Kit and Comfort Club and for the splen- did, unselfish work which she accom- plished in behalf of the Colored sol- diers, and the work of the Kit and Comfort Club will, when all of its affairs are wound up, become a part of the war records of the United States. Shortly after December 1, 1918, as President of the Kit and Comfort Club, Mrs. Buckner called a meeting, which was held at Olivet Baptist Church, 3ist and South Park ave. Sunday, December 15, to form a citi- zens’ committee to welcome home the officers and members of the Eighth Regiment. Many of the big Colored politicians and the leading citizens refused to attend the meetings from time to time, they contending that two or three years would yet pass away before the regiment would re- turn home, but when it was really learned that the regiment would soon be on ‘its way across the deep-blue sea, then these same big Colored pol- iticians and the so-called leading cit- izens rushed in and grabbed or snatched all the honor they possibly could away from Mrs. Buckner, plac- ing her on what they called the auxil- iary committee, while they themselves occupied the high places of honor on the citizéns’ committee, which she was instrumental in creating more than any one’ else, thereby robbing her of honors which she had justly earned by hard labor for almost two years, while endeavoring to add to the comfort and to the happiness of the officers and members of the “Old Fighting Eighth Regiment.” OFFICERS AND MEMBERS OF ‘THE “OLD EIGHTH REGIMENT” ARE FAST RETURNING HOME. The following ‘Chicago officers, mostly from the old Eigbth Illinois, were discharged Tuesday: Maj. Rufus W. Stokes, First Lieuts. ‘Harry W. Jones, Robert L. Chevis, Frank W. Bates, William C. P. Phil-. Sips, Samuel 8..Gordon, Franklia Me- Farland, Norman Garrett, Harry L. Allen, Robert P. Hurd, Benote H. Lee, William J. Warfield, Second Lidats. Elias T. E. Williams, Alvin M. Je Sit, Reems F- Beli, Gawee,¥, Peve-| THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, MARCH 1,.1919 ——_———_———— ee ROOSEVELT MEMORIAL COM- By J. C. GILMER MITTEE ACTIVE. a poe Charleston, W. Va., Special: State Committees Forming Demo- | prohibition against the exhi cratic Support. eS ae et } New York, Feb. ..—The Roosevelt Permanent Memorial National Com- mittee, of which Colonel William Boyce Thompson is chairman, an- nounced yesterday that state branches of the Comittee are now in process of formation in Vermont, New Jersey, West Virginia, Montana and Dela- ware. These State Committees will consist of one representative from each congressional district and a num- ber of members at large. As soon as the members of the various State Committees are appointed by the Na- tional Chairman, the work of organ- izing committees in cities, towns and villages will be undertaken. Support from Democrats. The Memorial Committee is secur- ing warm *=pport from the ranks of ‘Colonel Rooseveit’s erstwhile political opponents. Editors of Democratic newspapers have, it is understood, been exceptivnally cordial in their support of the movement to create a fitting memorial to the great Amer- ican. The Committee has made public a letter from. Hon. Martin H. Glynn, ex-Governor of New York, a Demo- crat of national reputation, heartily endorsing the movement for a Roose- velt memorial. “Colonel Roosevelt certainly occupied a unique place and warm spot in the heart of Amer- ica,” writes Mr. Glynn, “and his me- morial ought to be illustrative of his popularity and magnetism. He was the most versatile man of his time and, probably, had the largest per- sonal following of any man in Amer- ica. He deserves a monument as fine as art can execute.” Ex-Governor Glynn succeeded to the governorship of New York on the impeachement of Governor Sulzer. He made the key- note speech at the Democratic Natio- nal Convention in St. Louis in 1916. The Roosevelt Permanent Memor- ial National Committe was appointed by Chairman Will H. Hays, of the Republican National Committee, ear ly in February under the chairman. ship of Colonel William Boyce Thomp- son. Expresident William H. Taft and Hon. Charles Evans Hughes, Repub- lican nominee for President in 1916, are Honorary Chairmen of the Com- mittee. Among the vice-presidents and members’ are men of such na- tional distinction as Senator Lodge, Senator Hiram Johnson, General Leo- nard Wood, Admiral Peary, Dr. Ly- man Abbott, Cardinal Gibbons, John Burroughs, Senator Poindexter, and numerous other Senators, Congress- men and Governors, as well as repre- sentatives of business, agriculture, labor, and education. The Committee has opened national headquarters at 1 Madison Avenue, New York City. REV. C. LEE JEFFERSON AND FAMIL WILL MAKE THEIR FUT- URE _HOME _IN CLEVELAND, OHIO. Se Rev. C. Lee Jefferson, who has been the pastor for some years of the Hope Presbyterian Church, 61st street and Loomis boulevard, who in reality constructed it, has surrendered his charge of it and will become the new pastor of the best and the largest Colored Presbyterian church in Cleveland, Ohio. Monday evening a largely attended farewell reception and banquet was tendered to him and his family at the chureh, who left Thursday even- ing for Cleveland. = HON. GEORGE B. HOLMES Nominated for Judge of the Munici By J. C. GILMER Charleston, W. Va.. Special—The during the period of the war of the “Birth of a Nation” and similar pic- tures and plays, put into effedt last summer by an order of the Executive State Council of Defense, was con- tinued indefinitely by the legislature ‘Thursday Inst, when it passed a mea. sure drafted by H. J. Capehart, one of the three colored members of the lower house. The law provides as 2 penalty not only for exhibiting but also for advertising such pictures and plays a fine of not more than $1,000 and confinement in jail of not more then 50 days, the latter at the dis- cretion of the court. Other legislation of special benefit to the race was the creation of the office of state supervisor of colored schools with a salary of $2,400 per annum and $500 for traveling ex- penses, and an advisory board to the state board of education to be com- posed of two citizens of color, the ‘compensation of each to be $1,000 a year and $500 for traveling expenses. This advisory board, acting with the supervisor, practically will have charge of all matters pertaining to the state’s colored educational insti- tutions. It authoritively is reported that among the first duties it will be called upon to perform will be the recommanding to the state board of education of a president for the West Virginia Collegiate Institute where a change has been under consideration for some time. In the matter of appropriations for the next two years the legislature was very liberal to the colored insti- tutions. For, the erection and main- teoenee of a hospital for colored in- ‘sane $165,000 was provided. Forty- thousand dollars was voted for land, buildings and current expenses of a colored deaf and blind school. Other institutions and their appropriations are: colored tuberculosis sanitarium, $43,000; orphans’ home, $37,000; W. Va. Collegiate Institute, $146,000; Bluefield Colored Institute, $67,000; Storer College (a private institution) $5,400; Barnett, Harrison, Mercer, and Lomax Hospitals (privately own- ed) each $2,500, 2 total of $508,000. As with appropriations so was the legislature in handing out positions. There were 25 colored attaches, rang- ing from clerks to janitors and maids. And if any discrimination was shown in committee assignments, the colored members of the house of delegates were the beneficiaries. N. Nutter, of Kanawha County served on the judi- ciary, forfeited and unappropriated lands and insurance committees; Cole- man, of Fayette, on the forestry and conservation, penitentiary, labor, and medicine and sanitation; Capehart, of McDowell, om taxation and finance, claims and grievances, humane insti- tutions and public buildings, execu- tive offices and library, and railroad committees. Commenting on the services of these gentlemen on the occasion of the presentation to him of .a loving cup by Mr. Nutter for the cloak room attendants, the speaker of the: house said that, one and all, had per- formed the duties assigned them equally as well as the other members; that he had broken precedents in placing them on the most responsible committees, but that their records were such as to reflect credit upon him who had appointed them, upon themselves, their race and their state. Be epee eee eT Tat es ‘ La : — Wie 45 HON. WILLIAM HALE THOMPSON ‘The big hot dog of the Republican party; who is still on top and cx "hat he the coming man ofthe how end that he wil be Sod mayor of Chicago, Tuesday, April 1. HEALTH OF FOOD HANDLERS| kind between meals. In other woni There should be systematic physical examination of those who handle foods for public consumption. Two very important reasons why there should be careful and periodical medical supervision of this class of work people are: 1. To protect the patrons of hotels, restaurants and bakeries from such diseases as may be communicated by infected food. 2. To protect and conserve the health of the workers themselves. Here are some figures which in- dicate the need for work of this kind as a means of preventing the spread of disease. Out of a total of 1,590 waiters, cooks, bakers and working proprietors examined in New York City 1,079 were found with diseases and defects which made them dan- gerous to public health. The prin- cipal ailments and number found af- fected were as follows: Syphilis, 19 active cases and 32 sus- pects; anemia, 370 cases; diseases of the eye, 112; tubereulosis of the lungs 10, being a remarkably low showing for the disease. Other diseases of interest were: colds and’ rhinitis, 110; acute bron- chitis, 3; chronic, 25; pyorrhea, 208; pharyngitis, 202; tonsilitis, 10; and tonsular hypertrophy, 144. Under the heading, conclusions and results, the health eficna contig the examination express the opinion that the results found fully justify from the standard of protection of, the public health of a community, the careful, niedical supervision of all those who handle food. It was pointed out that the exclu- sion of ten cases of active tuberculo- sis nineteen cases of syphilis and six of gonorrhea is of distinct value bé- couse it lessens appreciably the dan- ger of transmission of these diseases by the affected individuals. Aside from this there were 15 cases of ar- rested and suspected tuberculosis and 82 suspected cases of syphilis which were put upon probation, a health certificate good for’s period of or two months being issued in order to compel a periodic return to the clinie for reinspection, treatment and advice. i The New York Department of Health in co-operation with the phy- sicians of that city are’ already put- ting into active operation plans for a wider and more systematic activity along ‘these recognized public health ines. AS TO EATING It is wise— To eat to live, rather than to live to eat. To eat regularly three times a day. To eat slowly and to masticate your food thoroughly—masticate means ‘it well. To eat some fruit every day. kind between meals. In other woris, don’t get the stuffing habit. To wash your hands carefully be. fore eating or touching your food. To eat the plain, simple foods rather than the rich, highly seasoned dishes, which though more peaizg to the palate are not so kind to year digestive organs. ———o—__ FIGURES PROVE HOW THE ALLIES SWAMPED ENEMY American Aid Sent Their Armies Up as Foe Fell Washington, D. C., Special—Th ‘story of Germany's supreme effort for military victory in the spring of 1918, of American intervention on the wes- ern front, and of the ultimate cub ing defeat of the enemy and the parent annihilation of nearly one-talf of his fighting force has been graphic- ally told in figures recently made pub lie by the war department. The figures dealth with the “rife strength” of the allies and the Ger- man forces on the western front in monthly periods from April 1 to Nov. 1 and were prepared by the intel- ligence division of the general staff of the American army in France. By “rifle strength” was meant the “number of men standing in t trench ready to go over with # bayonet.” When Germany struck is great blow last spring it had 1,500- 000 men so classified, against an allied total of 1,250,000. By June 1 the Ger mans reached their peak with 1,63% 000 rifles, but American aid was over coming the handicap and made por sible the counter blow delivered it July. | How the Change Came. The allied riffle strength on June! was 1,496,000. Shortly afterwards the allies reached a total of 1,547,000 composed of 778,000 French, 515,00 British, and 254,000 Americas America’s contribution had risen free 65,000 in April. On July 1 Germany power had begun to wane and for the first time it was definitely inferior ® Fifle strength with 1,412,000, cm™ pared to 1,556,000 for the allies. Up to Sept. 1 the allied srentt continued to gain despita the & perate counter attack which was © ing driven forward all along the list In mid-October the American strens? had risen to an estimated force # 350,000. On Sept. 1 the allied lis was at its greatest qtrength wit? 1,682,000, against Germany's 1.35% 000. | ee te See cones While the allies had shrunk in to pe eecste: 1, Germany's Jast hope was gone, as she faced thst army with only 866,000 bayonets. "The sudden decline of the Germs? forces, beginning in June and s¢%° apparent in the swift drop duriné October, was accounted for by fact that she had drawn into ‘i rope os. =o HON. GEORGE M. MAYPOLE Chairman of the Track Elevation Committee of the City Council; who was re-nominated with more than twenty-five-hundred majority at his back, in the fourteenth ward, which will enable him to make his second successful race for the City Council, from that ward. reserves were used up in the German attack. In a rough way the American rifle strength has represented about 20 per cent of the total American force in France continuously. The total strength of the United States army on November 11, when the armistice was signed and when the American war effort was at its peak, was 3,703,273 officers and men, including the marine corps on duty with the army in Europe. much time and effort to other aspects of the Back-to-School Drive, has been given to the Stay-in-School campaign. During the 30 days of the campaign they are planning to hold discussions with their classes on the local child labor laws, the opportunities in industry and business open to a boy or girl of 14 as compared with those open to older children, and the commercial value of an education. Children who have made an effort and remained in school have found U. S. Department of Labor CHIDREN'S BUREAU. Are the children of America getting the education we like to think is within the reach of every one of them? The Children's Bureau of the United States Department of Labor says "No." In the central northwestern states 3 out of every 4 children between the ages of 6 and 18 go to school. This is the highest attendance record in the Uited States. The South Atlantic states have the lowest. There, one child in three is not in school. The proportion of children out of school is smallest among the 11-year olds, 91.2 per cent of whom go to school at least part of the year. From 12 on, attendance drops steadily until at the age of 18 little more than one-fifth of the boys and girls are at their studies. These facts and other similar facts have inspired the Stay-in-School Campaign which the Childern's Bureau and the Council of National Defense are planning to wage in connection with the Back-to-School drive which was undertaken in the fall in an effort to return to school some of the thousands of children who left to do war work. The month between February 15 and March 15 has been chosen for this "drive within a drive." During this time it is hoped that many of the children who might otherwise leave school this year will be persuaded to stick to their books a while long-experience has shown that boys and girls who are restless and dissatisfied with school and even those who feel that they can ill-afford further training are often ready to make sacrifices to remain in school, once they realize the value of education. The Stay-in-School campaign, accordingly, is designed to show both children and parents that school may mean the difference between a position with a future at steadily increasing wages, and a life of unskilled labor and low pay. It is intended to emphasize the fact that every year of training after a boy or girl has reached the legal working age has a value in dollars and cents and in health and capacity for enjoyment as well. The special co-operation of the teachers, who have already devoted much time and effort to other aspects of the Back-to-School Drive, has been given to the Stay-in-School campaign. During the 30 days of the campaign they are planning to hold discussions with their classes on the local child labor laws, the opportunities in industry and business open to a boy or girl of 14 as compared with those open to older children, and the commercial value of an education. Children who have made an effort and remained in school have found education profitable because it meant for them increased wages and better jobs. Figures recently made public show that in one large city boys who stayed in school until they ware 18, at 25 made almost two and one-half times as much as was earned at 25 by the boys who left school at 14. Communities that make an effort and succeed in keeping their children in school will likewise find education profitable because it will mean for them more efficient workers and better citizens. Send your children back to school and keep them in school! WAR DEPARTMENT CITES TWO MORE CHICAGOANS FOR THEIR BRAVERY IN ACTION. Two more Chicago lads are cited by the War Department today for heroic fighting overseas. They are Corp. Eli Shapiro, Company D. 132d Infantry, and Private Nathaniel C. White, Company F, 370th Infantry, the old Eighth Illinois National Guard Regiment of Negroes now at Camp Grant. White distinguished himself at Vauxaillon, France, Sept. 19, 1918. Acting as company runner, he exposed himself constantly to intense enemy machine gun and artillery fire and was killed in performance of his duty. His uncle, N. Jones, lives at 514 E. Thirty-sixth st. Shapiro, only 18, displayed heroism in action near Forges, France, Sept. 26. After being severely wounded, he continued to lead his squad during the etire attack, which lasted several hours, and he remained until his objective had been reached and his squad sheltered. His home is at 1833 St. Louis ave. HON. EDWARD D. GREEN HOLDS DOWN A RESPONSIBLE POSITION WITH THE BOARD OF ASSESSORS. Through the political wisdom, of Hon. Charles Krutcoff, Mr. Edward D. Green, has been placed in charge of the Special Building Permit Department of the Board of Assessors of Cook County, which enables Mr. Green to draw down a nice salary at the end of each month. THE BROAD AX. CHICAGO. MARCH 1. 1919 Hampton, Va., Feb.—That it is the duty of some Negro Americans to go to Africa and help build up a democracy in which there shall pave international justice and goodwill was the vigorous plea recently made by the Rev. Dr. N. H. B. Cassell, president of the College of Liberia, West Africa, to the Hampton Institute student body. Dr. Cassell said: "God places a duty upon you Afro-Americans, to whom He has given these wonderful opportunities, to go into Africa and build Africa up and establish there democracy in religion, in politics, in sociology, and prove Liberia to be the open door to democracy. That is the message which I bring to the Afro-Americans, and particularly to the younger Afro-Americans who are in school. "Afro-Americans are not really and truly awake to the fact that there is a point of contact between themselves and the Republic of Liberia. They have been disposed to dissociate themselves from the African problems. In the methods they have pursued for wealth they have begun to feel that the God in this world is the almighty dollar. Possibly they have believed that God is a God of force, just as the Germans did. There is only one thing that is going to last everlastingly and that is the good we do for men, the help we bestow upon men, the lifting up of men." President Cassell described the contributions which Africa has made to the literature of the world, to the arts and sciences, and to church history. He condemned most heartily the caricatures of Africa which have commonly appeared in geographies and histories. The New Africa. "He who follows history at present, he who reads the signs of the times must realize that Africa, in the readjustment which is now taking place at the world's great conference, is going to be assigned its proper place; that its people are no longer to be exploited; that international justice and international good-will will be realized and exercised upon the same principle as personal justice. Africa is going to take her true place in the world's history. "Think of Liberia as being possibly the great pivot wheel around which is to be evolved that great republic in Africa; that Liberia, having been established on the West Coast of Africa through American philanthropy, which until now has endeavored to conduct a stable government, is going to be the gateway through which is to be established in Africa a great democracy. Liberia has stood on the West Coast of Africa for seventy years, contending with tremendous odds, while all of Africa has otherwise been divided among the European peoples, whose methods have not been such as would justify Christian peoples, who have exploited the peoples of the land; who have been simply desirous of obtaining their wares,—their silver, gold, diamonds, and rubber; who have been indifferent to the souls of the men and women upon whom they have drawn; and who have been perfectly indifferent as to whether the people have been pagans or Mohammedans or Christians. Liberia's Future. "Liberia stands for quite a different thing in Africa than the methods of the European peoples who have been colonizing in Africa. Liberia stands for republican ideas in Africa. Liberia stands for the establishment of the religion of Jesus Christ in Africa. Liberia stands for the adoption of a national idea and a national ideal. "Let us hope that Liberia shall be upheld; let us hope that Liberia shall be given a fair chance; let us hope that the pressure and the disadvantages which have been the experience of Liberia in the past years, are all going to pass away and that, as a small nation, she shall be regarded, she shall be supported, she shall be upheld. "Let us hope that the principle for which the world has undergone a terrible holocaust—the shedding of blood, the spending of billions of dollars,—the result of which is going to be a readjustment in the code of morals of nations, that the international compact is going to be so complete that a small state like Liberia in Africa is no longer going to be menaced by ships of war in her harbor; that the principle of might over right is no longer to prevail, but that international justice and international fair-play is going to be established." NEW ST. MARY'S CORNER-STONE LAYING, SUNDAY, MARCH 2, 1919 Grand Cornerstone Laying. "New St. Mary's A. M. E. Church" and Historic Exercises to be Held Sunday, March 2, 1919 at 2:00 o'clock p. m.... Under Auspices of Masonic Bodies...In View of Supreme Undertaking of Erecting this Sixty- Thousand Dollar "New St. Mary's Church" Plant, Every Mason and Friend Is Urged to Contribute One Dollar at the Corner-Stone Laying. Partial Program and Exercises 1. The Illustrious parade will form at Fortieth and State Street and March South on State St. to Fifty-fifth St., then to Dearborn St. to "New St. Mary's." 2. Master of Ceremonies: Horace B. Cooper, Worshipful Master of Prince Hall Lodge No. 52, F. & A. Masons, Chicago, Ill. 3. Knights Templar Band and Drum Corps of twenty pieces. Honorable James E. Bish, 33rd, in charge of the parade. 4. The corner-stone will be laid by the Honorable Alexander A. Martin, most Worshipful Grand Master of Most Worshipful Prince Hall Grand Lodge of Illinois and Jurisdiction, F. & A. Masons; together with the Grand Lodge Officers, assisted by Honorable A. A. Henderson. Right Eminent Grand Commander Knight Templars of the Grand Commandery of Illinois. 5. Most Ancient Grand Court, Heroines of Jericho of Illinois, and the order of the Eastern Star will participate and turn out. 6. The O. E. S. Choir of twenty-five voices, Mrs. Della Ridgeway Brown, Chorister; Mrs. Lillian Bell, Organist, will officiate. 7. "Welcome Address" by the Pastor "New St. Mary's A. M. E. Church" the Rev. Floyd Grant Snelson, D. D. Ph. D., F. R. G. S. 8. "Response on Behalf of Masonic Bodies," by Honorable A. A. Martin, most Worshipful Grand Master. 9. Chorus, "Zion Awake." O. E. S. Choir. 10. Paper. "The Stone Which Was Refused Has Become the Headstone of the Corner," by Mrs. M. E. McClure, W. G. M., Eureka Grand Chapter. 11. "Paper on Behalf of Heroines of Jericho," by Mrs. Rosa Fouche, G. S. 12. Collection—Corner-stone Collection and Introduction of Queens of the Cornerstone Rally Clubs. $1.00. Each person is asked to give one dollar—$1.00—to the Queen of the Pastor's Club—The Queen of the Indiana Club—the Queen of the Kansas No. 3 Club—the Queen of the Star Hero Club. Corner Stone Rally Day Services Corner Stone Rally Day Services Welcome to All Ministers and People—Our Temporary Headquarters, 5452 South State Street, Adjoining the Citizen's Bank Building—Get Off at Garfield Blvd. and State Street—Warm Christian Fellowship for You—Susday, March 2nd, 1919. [Name not visible in the image] ALDERMAN LOUIS B. ANDERSON Renominated to make the race for Alderman from the second ward. 4:30—Laying corner stone at New St. Mary's. Address by Rev. Dr. A. J. Carey, Presiding Elder. 6:00 P. M.—Allen C. E. League Consecration Meeting. 8:00 P. M.—Corner Stone Rally Sermon by Bishop H. B. Parks, D.D., Fifth Episcopal District. STRENGTH OF LEADERSHIP Greatness, fame, kingship, power are all possessions which large men appreciate, which small men admire. The desire to govern, to direct, to lead other men, is a possession which many men cherish, but only a few. Greetings by distinguished visitors. Reports of Corner Stone Rally Clubs—(1) The Pastor's Club, (2) Parstor's Aid, (3) The Willing Workers, (4) The Busy Bees, (5) The Stewardess Board No. 1, (6) The Deaconess Board, (7) The Sunday School, (8) Allen C. E. League, (9) Junior Missionary, (10) The Star Heroes, (11) The Indiana Club, (12) The Kansas No. 3. Club. (From the Office of the Director of Negro Economics) U. S. Department of Labor INFORMATION AND EDUCATION SERVICE An informal conference of welfare organizations touching the life of Negro workers and for the improvement of their condition, opportunities and relations with white workers and employers, has just closed after remarkable meetings Monday and Tuesday of this week held in the auditorium of the Public Library at Washington, D. C. Representatives were present from mission boards, welfare agencies and associations, of national scope, which have as thir object the cooperation of negro wage-earners, white workers and white employers and the improvement of conditions and opportunities of Negro workmen. The freest discussion of Negro economic problems resulted. Addresses were made by the Secretary of Labor, the Assistant Secretary, the Solicitor, and other officials of the Department. In welcoming the conference, the Secretary said, "It is the duty of the Department of Labor to promote the welfare of wage workers and to advance their opportunities for profitable employment, whether men or women or children and whether they are white or colored, native born or alien residents." Special plans for improving economic opportunities and improving race cooperation were recommended. A full account of the meeting will be sent next week. [Image of a young boy] STRENGTH OF LEADERSHIP. Greatness, fame, kingship, power are all possessions which large men appreciate, which small men admire. The desire to govern, to direct, to lead other men, is a possession which many men cherish, but only a few obtain. One fundamental basis of supremacy is conviction. Leadership belongs to those who believe, who have convictions and cling tenaciously to them. The man who has a definite policy to pursue, and a definite way of working for it, soon outstrips the man who is just looking about or drifting with the tide. Leadership involves an iron will. This does not imply necessarily ugliness of temper, obstinacy, or pig-headedness. It is simply a straightforward, dauntless and invincible way of doing things. Growth is the development in right assertion; it is the assumption of legitimate responsibility and command. To be lowly of heart does not mean to be inefficient; to be humble does not necessarily mean to be obscure. Luther and Lincoln were both of a childlike humanity of heart. "Quit you like men" is a divine command, a sacred admonition which every would-be leader of men should heed with severity. The truly great man, like Daniel of olden time, has a well defined purpose, and dares to make that purpose known.—"The Clarion," St. Lous, Mo., Feb. 22, 19 BETHEL LITERARY SOCIETY Next Sunday afternoon, March 2, at four o'clock Bethel Literary will present a very interesting program. The speaker Mr. Prince A. Clanton will discuss "Reconstruction and the Negro." Prof. Grundy's Choir No. 2. will lend the following numbers: Anthem, Choir. Reading, Mrs. W. R. Woods. Solo, Mrs. F. Mickey. Duett, Mr. H. B. Mills & E. Grundy. Quartette, Messrs. Boswell, Smith, Campbell and Grundy. Anthem, Bethel Choir No. 2. Everybody invited. Admission free. Sandy W. Trice, Pres. Rev. W. D. Cook, D.D., Pastor. J. W. Bell, See'y. PAGE FIVE 193 PAGE SIX PEACE BRIDES IN THEIR GAY GOWNS End of War Has Released Girls From Somberness of the Recent Weddings. PAGEANTRY IS NOW FEATURE Medieval Fashions Are Generously Copied as Well as Those of the First Empire and Di- New York.—Peace brides will have more splendid weddings than war brides. There will be less of tragedy attached to them; less of nervous emotionalism, and probably less of haste in selection, observes a leading fashion writer. There was much to be sold against the epidemic of war weddings; but the public remained quiet. because the world loves a lover, and loves even better a fighter, and with the two combined the rush of super-emotion which filled America since April, 1917, tolerated much that was done in the name of love and war. Sumptuous weddings were taboo in war. Marriages took place, in the simple meaning of the term. To a large majority of minds there is an acute difference between a marriage and a wedding, and this difference has been sharply impressed upon the public mind during the last twenty months. These war brides are getting a glimpse of what a wedding may be through the new trousseaus that are ordered for the belated honeymoons, and the peace bride is swinging into the full regalia of a splendid wedding, now that the trumpet has ceased to call for the man to go and the whistles blow to show that the man has come home. The world is again turned topsy-turvy, and all our conditions and emotions, our mannerisms and expenditures turn an even somersault with it. It is thus that the world is kept from losing its balance. When we all turn together we do not feel abnormal. Eighteenth Century Pageentry. In the centuries that have gone before this one, weddings were spectacles, differing in degree between royalty and peasantry, between the landed millionaire and the salaried worker. A revolt against the spectacular side of a wedding controlled a majority of people on this continent for several years before the war, but the present hour seems a fit time for sumptuousness; it is an expression of the riotous gayety in every heart. Peace brides have been quick to catch this feeling in the air, and weddings are planned for the early spring that might almost be termed pageants. It is youth getting its revenge. Debutantes have not been allowed to make their bow to society for two years. Youngsters have been thrust into the furnace of war-work here and on the battlefields, learning more of the tragedy of the world in twelve months than they might have learned in a lifetime during other epochs. Now youth must have its fling, for it is the quickest to rebound from tragedy.' The old and Orcel the middle-aged feel that youth has had a ghastly experience during the last four years; that it has been deprived of its birthright; that it has been fettered in the dungeons of grief. Now that it has been released into the sunshine, its debut into happiness must be attended by a fanfare of trumpets, a throwing of garlands, and a brilliance that the old have foresworn. All this traditional impulse toward gayety will reach its highest peak in the spring weddings. Since the day the armlistice was signed the mating of young people has taken on brilliancy. Churches are thrown open to crowds of guests, biddensmalls are chosen as though one were indulging in a new and riotous extravagance. It is as though splendid weddings had lain on the shelves for a century, so brightly and happily has the public taken up their revival. All that was once considered boredom is now considered an occasion for bubbling merriment. It is good for a nation to be compelled to forego all its luxuries, so that they may be better enjoyed when brought back into life. The dressmakers are eager to abet this form of splendor in apparel, and artists, and even interior decorators, A Bride's going-away suit, of dark-blue Poleret twirl. The jacket flares open, showing a vest of turquoise-blue jersey. Lining of turquois silk. Bride's going-away suit, of dark-blue Poiret twill. The jacket flares open, showing a vest of turquoise-blue jersey. Lining of turquoise silk. have been called in for consultation to provide new and agreeable features for the wedding service. The old fashion of dancing, which for many generations ruled the customs in America, where it was carried from Europe, is again on the cards. The bride remains for the festivities, instead of creeping away after innumerable hand-shakings. She opens the dance with the groom, and at a recent wedding, in which all the costumes were copied from the eighteenth century, the entire bridal party danced the minuet before the guests as a bit of pageantry. The bridesmaids wore the gowns that once flitted through Versalles—gowns which now look down from canvas upon the peace commissioners. The bride wore a frock of brocade fashioned after the same style, and her lace veil, mounted on net, was held low on the forehead by a chain of diamonds. Medievalism and Modern Weddings. There is also a drop to centuries that make the eighteenth seem modern. Medievalism, with its splendor, barbaric as it seems to us now, suggests the pageentry for weddings and balls. It was then that royalty spent the millions given in taxes by the poor for such weddings as that of Catherine de Medici to the young king of France. The entire trend of fashion having gone toward medievalism since the end of the war, it is not difficult to arrange these wedding pageants in keeping with modern costumes. The lattice work of metal threads and seed pearls, which distinguished that era in history, was revived several months ago, not only for evening gowns, but for those afternoon gowns intended for something more formal than tea at a restaurant. One apparel scheme for a bridal group includes a wedding gown of satin embroidered in pearls without price and silk and silver threads. The lattice work is carried up to the knees, downward from the hips, and covers the train, which is lined with cloth of silver. The slim, high-necked bodice has an outstanding medieval collar of lace sewn with silver threads, and the long tight sleeves of lace have a lattice work of pearls from shoulder to elbow. The bridesmalds' gowns are of pale rose velvet, an exquisite soft weave of this fabric, which clings to the body like cibbon. The frocks are made with straight panels back and front, over a sheath slip; the panels are embroidered with a lattice work of silver, and there are small ornaments of seed pearls placed at intervals. A Wedding of the Directoire. The first empire and the directoire, which preceded it, are again handing down inspiration to the French dressmaker, and each month sees a strong grouping together of the accessories of fashion during that time. So weddings also reflect this age. The clothes for a pageant of this kind are a bit mixed in the political eras they suggest, but who cares? The bride wears the full regalia of Josephine, empress of the French, with heelless slippers, white silk stockings, and white satin gown with the velvet court train, lined with silver and caught at the shoulder with silver ornaments. The coifine is copied from the one that Josephine made famous, with its ringlets at the top and at the temples. The bridesmales are apparled in pure-directotre costumes—in the red and blue of France. Their cutaway coats are of red satin, and the skirts are blue. The high-crowned hats are of soft white straw faced with French blue. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, MARCH 1, 1919 LACE IS IN VOGUE Decoration Promises to Be In Demand This Spring. Coming Season to See Revival of Trimmed Batiste or Lawn Frocks Necessary to Women. Are you aware of the fact that we are about to experience a revival of interest in lace? Doubtless this has been brought about in part by the men and women whose business interests center in the sale of lace. Moreover, writes a correspondent, it is again possible to get lace that were unavailable during the war. The revival of lace will mean that numerous women of Europe will have a means of earning a living; that we can help them to help themselves during reconstruction. Real laces will be especially in demand, and this is in keeping with the revival of interest in all hand-wrought fabrics and tissues. But we are not going to be content with the old-time mode of applying lace, which was too often stiff and prim. Designers are going back to the lavish method of the Renalssance, when ecclesiastics combined the most costly of laces with the most gorgeous of embroideries and silks in the vestments worn on great festivals, and to the great court ladies of those days, who vied with the great prelates in their lavish use of lace and brilliant fabrics. The prediction is made that this spring will see a revival of the sort of lace-trimmed batiste or lawn frocks that we used to regard as indispensable to every woman's wardrobe. If made by hand they require days and days of work, and if by machine actually miles of fine stitching. There are yards and yards, moreover, of lace insertion, and sometimes innumerable tucks. The result is a frock that is perennially fresh, for if it is not made to go in the tub, it is at least capable of being cleaned repeatedly. Colored sheer cotton fabrics are used in the advance models for frocks and blouses, and instead of using white lace on these many of them show valenciennes that has been tinted to match the fabric with which it is used. Although in most of the new frocks for evening and afternoon wear there is a decided lack of lace or other trimming to relieve the severity of the line at the neck, still it is said that this spring we will enjoy a revival of dainty neck laces—neck accessories, frills and jabots and ruffies. They will be worn with suits and day frocks, and will make use of a lavish amount of beautiful laces. J. The above is regarded as one of the season's charming evening gowns. It is in bronze net, beaded in the same color. PALE COLORS FOR THE GIRLS Blue and Pink the Standard Combination With Malze and Mauve a Favorite Blend. Pale blue and pink is still the combination for girls of eighteen; malze and mauve, another happy blend, with accordion-plaited foundations, also finds favor with younger women. Silver metal lace allied with pale blue velvet ribbons and a posy of flowers are the suggestions for one dainty confection, with long wing sleeves and a many-fluenced skirt. For a tall girl there's a dress pretty enough to tempt one to break the tenth commandment. Of flesh-colored crepe de chine, the V-shaped neck is edged with net, while the sleeves are of georgette. The skirt is made of plain crepe de chine, three rows of pearl fringe giving the triple-skirt effect rather in favor just now. The piece round the waist is also thickly incrusted with motifs of pearl beads. Another trock is of that romance-inspiring moonlight blue crepe, and the new trimmings are of pompons called les nenottes. Draped tulle is responsible for the sleeves, with scarf-ends held in by a charmeuse belt. On the corsage and top of skirt is a touch of beautiful embroidery. Through the Looking Glass It is a secret—a dreadful secret—and friend husband must not know. If milady would be a radical, let her be a radical. It's part of the trend of the times to have liberal ideas and plans for reforming the world. T Here is where the rub comes in. So many milleds of radical twist feel they must enforce their radicalism by freakish behavior Radicalism turns many women's heads and, instead of fighting actively for the cause, they merely parade for the cause. So it happens that a crop of cigarette-smoking, bobbed-hair females has sprung up of late, with talks about new ideas, the vote, free verse and divers other subjects. But as for doing things, these women have no time for that. They are too busy flaunting what they believe to be the badges of radicalism. They just wear radical dresses with mannish collars and cuffs, and learn how to blow smoke rings at afternoon teas. These occupations leave them no time for action. So they forget the real purpose of the ideas they claim to believe in. The women who are really working for world progress are the quiet women who do not smoke and do not dress "radically." They are the good women who are bringing up their children properly, the teachers, the woman writers and business women. The women who are too busy with their work to have time for parading are the women who are making the world better and cleaner. So discard your cigarettes and trouserettes, and get to work, if you would achieve something worth while. SENSIBLE COLLARS ON COAT Fear of Return of High and Stiff-Wired Chokers Is Groundless, According to Report. Now that the war has taught women not only how to dress their feet, but how to use them, the new boxcoats are about to give a lesson in what to do about collars. For the very low collars and open throats have been so comfortable and almost universally becoming that most women have resolutely forgotten the days of high, tight-fitting things of bones, wires and scratches which tried tempers and certainly marred looks, notes a writer in the New York Sun. The boxcoat demands a waistcoat. The waistcoat calls for a collar, so here we are facing the solution of the collar question. And there is a new neck line called the double line. It is achieved by placing one material above the other, as, for instance, a vestee of dark blue brocade has an upper line of blue georgette over the brocade which stops at least four inches under the top line and is edged with a brighter blue across the top. This will do very nicely for the front, and in the back a slight collar of the brocade finishes off the collarless boxcoat at the neck. Again, the straight, round military collar which so often appears on these little coats calls for no further finish, as often it is braided in the most military effect or made of fine velvet or brocade; or, again, a band of fur high and straight around, something like the long ago "chin chin" things. There is no fear of the stiff little boned and wired collar returning. However, the high collar is very smart—there is no doubt about that—but it has wonderful modifications. All of the Red Cross workers, the Y. M. C. A., motor corps girls and other hard-working women so persistently demanded this sort of collar that it seems to be the mark of efficiency, and well-dressed women have avoided the other, at least in working hours. To the rest of us, though, frills are very dear, also very becoming. Very chic is this hat, one of the latest spring models, with unsuired entrich ornaments. ALL WEAR VELVET Material Also Popular for the Small Girl. Enters Largely Into Construction of Best Frocks as Well as Garments for School Wear. Everyone wears velvet this winter. This means that the small girl is either entirely or partially velvet-robed during the majority of her wide-awake hours. Velvet is not used to develop evening frocks for the very young, but it enters very largely into the construction of many best or "Sunday" frocks, as well as into the garment designed for school wear. The dress made entirely of velvet is usually very picturesque and distinguished, with white collar and cuffs, and often a wide sash of satin in self or contrasting color. For school or service wear a velvet skirt may be accompanied by a blouse of crepe de chine or satin, or a sleeveless velveten blouse may be worn over a plain or plaid frock of serviceable wool material. The sketch shows a smart little frock for a girl of six or eight years, combining a one-piece dress of plaid serge in red and black with a square cut, hip-length coat of black velvet or velvetteen, finished at the neck with a ruffle of white organise or georgette. The sleeves of the jacket are cut short enough to show a few inches of the plaid sleeve. The cap to be worn with this outfit may match either dress proper or jacket, or a combination of the two materials may be employed. A great deal of attention is being paid to clothes for children this winter, and it is interesting to observe the exactness with which the wardrobe of the well-dressed grown-up is copied in miniature for the child. Sleeveless and low-necked underslips of pale colored silks and satin A girl in a skirt and hat is skating. Velvet and Plaid Serge Dress. for girls as young as four years are shown, to be worn under little party frocks of net and other sheer fabrics. Hand-embroidered silk pajamas and silk nightgowns are also developed for these very little people. This scheme of dressing has its advantages, too. It is a real education in the art of being well dressed, started at the right time. DIMITY AND DOTTED SWISS Fabric Used for Blouses Which Give Most Pleasing Effect—Handkerchief Linena Used. Dimity and dotted swiss blouses are made up in smartly tailored waists which button up to the chin and have long sleeves and tight-fitting cuffs. So many women like this sort of waist for morning wear and for sports that it is a delight to find it in these two such cool and fresh materials. The organdie waist, which was brought out some seasons ago, never really caught on, though it was attractive in the rather vivid shades of blue, rose and canary. The organdie being so transparent, though so delightfully crisp, it looked particularly refreshing. Blouses made of it seemed practically two, as the smoothest fitting and most perfect of linings only underneath could be permitted. It is the handkerchief linens which have supplanted these transparent beauties, and the linen lends all the charm of color which the crisp organles presented. Many of the white linen waists have touches of color, as for instance in one smart model which has three stripes of color, one below the other and on each shoulder, these forming a sort of yoke. Very narrow frills finish the little yoke at the shoulders and trim the shallow, round collar and small cuffs. Smocks for Girls. The pretty little cotton smocks and frocks worn by Miss Eight-Year-Old are made smart with cross-stitching or something in brightly contrasting wool. Pale green cotton crepe de chine, for example, is trimmed with stitches of rose wool. All kinds of wool dresses have oriental effects done in coarse stitches on the pockets, collars or sash ends. Wool embroidery many times ornaments the frock, about the neck, as a substitute for the white collar worn formerly. FOR AFTERNOON WEAR FRENCH FASHION MAGAZINE An afternoon gown of brown chap meuse and georgette, beaded and its sel trimmed. SHOULD MATCH CAMISOLE Newer Type of Blouse Affords Ugly Discrepancy Between Waist and Skirt Sections. Is anything uglier than the trans- parent peplum blouse worn with a light camisole or corset cover? It was bad enough with the old-time blouse that ended at the belt line, but when the newer type of blouse is worn thus there is an ugly discrepancy between the waist section and the skirt section of the blouse. Of course, where the front and back panel of the blouse are of some heavier material the effect is quite satisfactory. But when georgette or chiffon is used then one really needs a dark camisole. It is not easy always to buy these, although they are to be had in navy blue, one or two shades of brown, green and the other usual suit shades. But they are not difficult to make, and you should have one or two to go with every suit. Soft satin of some sort is a good so- lection for the fabric, although crepe de chine is also good. They can be finished at the top with machine he- stitching, such as you can have done at a dressmakers' supply store, and the shoulder straps may either be made of ribbon to match or some of the fabric finished with a narrow he- stitching of the same sort. Needless to say, they should be adjusted so that none of the lighter lingerie appears above the dark camisole. NO EXCUSE FOR UGLY HATS Advance Headgear Models Show Variety From Which Most Fastidious Can Be Suited. There should be no excuse for a woman selecting an ugly or unbecoming hat this season, judging from the variety of attractive advance models on view. The milliners seem to have taken thought for every feminine type. There are turbans high and low, flaring and narrow, tall-crowned, narrow brimmed hats, low-crowned, broad brimmed hats, models turned up at the front, at the back or at the side, poles and tricornes, and among them all any woman should be able to find the design that particularly suits her. There is a pronounced use of fabrics such as tulle, georgette crepe and satin, and in matter of trimming feathers have taken on amazing forms, while flowers are often conventional to the point of perversity. Fruits, particularly of the extremely natural variety, are among the trimmings which are looked upon with increasing favor, and the more conventional ornaments of ribbons, wings and ostrich tips are always in the background. Follage, wheat-ears in various colors, fringe, cords and tassels, en broidered jet, beaded ornaments, plims and buckles all play their part in the amazing variety of decoration which is used so sparingly on the individual hat. WING AND BIRD TRIMMING Decorations for Headgear Are Simple and Effective, Adding Attractiveness to Hats. Among the trimmings of utmost simplicity undoubtedly more effect is gained by the daring sweep of wings or quills than can be achieved in any other manner. A high-crowned, narrow brown straw hat has small crisp wings snuggling close to the brim but pointing out at either side. Long slender wings sweep from the back of a satin and straw toque; two short flaring wings with fan-shaped edges spring from one side of a small, round turban of coarse straw. A black bird spreads its wings over a pinched-up baret of red milan, and a small, high-crowned gray straw is topped by little overlapping gray wings laid close on the sides of the crown and softened by burnt ostrich flues. Coats of velour de laine are encoblered in checker board patterns. IT PAYS TO ADVERTISE IN THE BROAD AX Stop Thief! ```markdown ``` THE "Jumbo" gas burner shown here at the right, (actual size) is a robber on any gas lighting fixture in Chicago. If you have one, get rid of it! It makes high gas bills and causes a great many of the complaints that come to us. Claims that a "Jumbo" will give more light without using more gas are false. Use mantle burners to get more light with less gas. Burning five hours a day for a month, the "Jumbo" consumes $2.30 worth of gas; a "Junior" mantle burner, in the same time, consumes only 39 cents worth, or $1.91 less, and gives much more light. Use mantle burners to get more light with less gas. Burning five hours a day for a month, the "Jumbo" consumes $2.30 worth of gas; a "Junior" mantle burner, in the same time, consumes only 39 cents worth, or $1.91 less, and gives much more light. We sell "Junior Mantle" lights complete for only fifteen cents, (which is less than "Jumbos" usually cost) or give one free, in exchange for a "Jumbo," at our main office or any of these stores: This Is the "JUNIOR MANTLE" Telephone Calumet 602-3572 HUGH NORRIS, Pres. KIRBY WARD, Secv Norris-Ward Coal Co. Incorporated 2545 SOUTH PARK AVENUE Chicago THE NEW YORK MUSEUM THE CRANFORD Apartment Building 3600 WABASH AVENUE The finest building ever opened to Colored tenants in Chicago. Steam heat; electric lights, tile baths, marble entrance J. W. CASEY, Agent Phone Main 263 133 W. Washington Street THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, MARCH 1, 1919 PATRONIZE OUR ADVERTISERS As Near As Your Telephone DISTANCE IMMATERIAL JOHN H. HARRIS IN a Metropolitan City of this size, death knocks every thirty minutes at some door. Too often that death not only brings sorrow, but misfortune as well. Let the price you pay for a funeral be a business proposition and you will benefit by it in service, quality and cost to you in dollars and cents. The result of my campaign has built for me one of the largest and most magnificent establishments in the world. LAUREL Consult me, I can save you Worry, Time and Money. Shipping to all parts of the Country and Automobile Funerals a Specialty. Central Display Rooms and Chapel. Call promptly answered day or night. Ernest H. Williamson, KENWOOD 455 Undertaker AUTOMATIC 73-867 5028 and 5030 S. State St., Chicago, Ill. OWNERS AND DIRECTORS DAN M. JACKSON GEO. T. KERSEY Phones Calumet 6164 DAVID A McGOWAN Automatic 71-629 AHMED A. RAYNER OPEN DAY AND NIGHT The Emanuel Jackson Undertaking Co., Inc. 2959-61 South State Street Reliable Service Courteous Treatment Reasonable Prices FREE CHAPEL IN CONNECTION Complete Line of Funeral Goods Automobiles for Hire OWNERS AND DIRECTORS DAN M. JACKSON GEO. T. KERSEY DAVID A McGOWAN AHMED A. RAYNER Phones Calumet 6164 Automatic 71-629 OPEN DAY AND NIGHT The Emanuel Jackson Undertaking Co., Inc. 2959-61 South State Street Reliable Service Courteous Treatment Reasonable Prices FREE CHAPEL IN CONNECTION Complete Line of Funeral Goods Automobiles for Hire Residence 3419 South Park Ave. PHONE DOUGLAS 9354 J. GRAY LUCAS Attorney At Law Suite 815 Hartford Building 8 S. Dearborn St., Chicago. Phone Central 6583 WM. J. LATHAM Attorney At Law OFFICE PHONE: CALUMET 875 2 EAST 31ST STREET Suite 7 CHICAGO F. Dunn, J. B. McCahey, Trusees Tel.: Oakland 1552, 1551, 1550 JOHN J. DUNN ESTABLISHED 1877 Wholesale and Retail 36 WEST RANDOLPH STREET CHICAGO Fifty-First and Federal Sts. CHICAGO WALTER M. FARMER ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW NOTARY PUBLIC Suite 708 184 W. Washington St. Tel., Office, Main 4153 Auto 33736 CHICAGO Residence, 1262 Macalister Place Tel. Monroe 2714 Don't let some fake Kink Remover fool you. You really can't straighten your hair until it's nice and long. The best EXELENTO QUININE POMADE MILES J. DEVINE Attorney At Law Suite 318-320 REAPER BLOCK Clark and Washington Streets Phone Central 1239 CHICAGO PHONE MAIN 2214 A. D. GASH Attorney At Law 118 North La Salle Street CHICAGO NOW IS THE TIME TO SUBSCRIBE FOR THE BROAD AX Suite 706 Firmanich Building 184 W. Washington St., Chicago. A. F. CODOZOE J. H. WHISTON, Proprietors CHAS. HARRIS, Manager The E and The Elite Cafe and Buffet 3030 STATE STREET CHICAGO National 4300 National Hall Bldg 4300 So. State St. National Hall Bldg. 4300 So. State St. Space for Offices, Professional and Others Lodge and Assembly Halls. .. Large and Spacious Dance Hall. .. Best Ventilated Halls in Chicago for Rent. :: :: :: J. L. Slaugh 4300 So. STATE STR Chicago Title a STATE APPLY L. Slaughter Real Estate 100 So. STATE STREET TEL. DREXEL 7812 Chicago Title and Trust Company STATED BRIEFLY: Chicago Title and Trust Company OUR BUSINESS SINCE 1847 has been that of showing the condition of real estate titles. The millions upon millions required to build and rebuild Chicago have been furnished relying on the accuracy of our ABSTRACTS and TITLE POLICIES. No man has lost a dollar by so relying. This is our past. Wise men judge future action by past behavior CHICAGO TITLE AND TRUST COMPANY 69 W. Washington Street Assets exceed $12,000,000.00 No deposits or demand liabilities. TELEPHONE GEORGE F. Real TELEPHONE DOUGLAS 1 EORGE F. HARDING, JE Real Estate GEORGE F. HARDING, JR. Up-to-Date or Modern Houses Apartments and Stores to Rent 3101 Cottage Grove Avenue Corner 31st Street, Chicago Main-office Phone Blacksons 459 :: Branch-office Phone Douglas 3 JOHNSON EXPRESS, STORAGE AND VAN CO. in-office Phone Blacksone 459 :: Branch-office Phone Douglas 3 JOHNSON EXPRESS, STORAGE AND VAN CO. JOHNSON EXPRESS, STORAGE AND VAN CO. EXPERT PIANO MOVERS-AUTO SERVICE Packers, Shippers and Storage TRUNKS TO AND FROM ALL DEPOTS Main Office: 1431 East 67th Street Branch Office: 444 E. 39th St., near Vernon Ave. CHICAGO, IL PAGE SEVEN AUTO. 72-379 Phones: DOUGLAS 3256 DOUGLAS 5071 Cafe et ll Bldg. te St. Real Estate EL. DREXEL 7812 ust Company LY: LAS 1 RDING, JR. state h-office Phone Douglas 3426 EXPRESS, VAN CO. CHICAGO THE BRO THE BROAD AX THE BROAD AX PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY In this city since July 15th, 188 Republicans, Democrats, Catholics, infidels or anyone else can have the proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper of all, ever claiming the editorial rig Local communications will rec on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in One Year..... Six Months..... Advertising rates made known Vol. XXIV MARC In this city since July 15th, 1899, without missing one single issue. Republicans, Democrats, Catholics, Protestants, Single Taxers, Priests, infidels or anyone else can have their say as long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Notifications will receive attention. Write plainly, only Address all communications to THE BROAD AX 6206 South Elizabeth Street, Chicago, Ill. Phone Wentworth 2597. JULIUS F. TAYLOR.....Editor and Publisher DR. M. A. MAJORS.....Associate Editor 4700 South State Street, Phone Drexel 1416 IMPORTANT NOTICE For resolutions, obituary not special announcements of events to sion is made, and the opening of cents per line; 6 words or fraction Personal or social items such everything of a general interest, p Entered as Second-Class Matter, August 19 Under Act of For resolutions, obituary notices, cards of thanks, write-ups, special announcements of events to happen, when a charge of admission is made, and the opening of new business enterprises, etc., 15 cents per line; 6 words or fraction makes one line. cents per hour. Personal or social items such as marriages, births, deaths and everything of a general interest, published free of charge. Entered as Second-Class Matter, August 19, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago, Ill., Under Act of March 3, 1879. JIM CROWNING NEGRO SOLDIERS. Jim crowning Negro soldiers is one of the disgraces of the white American. Think how silly and how foul such a conduct portrays. Saving the world that refuses to treat fairly a man because of his color. What is there in color? The reason for such foolish action on the part of white officers on the Olympic is very well known by the race. We do not pretend that we notice lots of there devilish designs, but we see the contempt and the useless nonsensical prejudice in full operatian all the time. Some day the great white race will come to its senses, and see how utterly foolish it has acted for centuries. Trying to belittle noble men, whose courage and faithfulness overbalance their shortcomings is too small and narrow for a great people. There could have been no just ground for this cruelty and mistreatment of Negro officers of the United States Army, and less to soldiers who laid their lives on the altar of their country. This sort of thing must stop. The Negro has got to get down to the right principle of things, and fight for his rights at all times, anywhere and everywhere. He who would be free himself must strike the blow. There are a great many things to be brought to light in the near future concerning our boys "over there," who are now_over here. All has not gone smooth with our soldiers in France. Duplicity and double crossing and skullduddery has held high carnival on the part of some eminent personages, in whom we have allowed ourselves over much trust. APPRECIATION AND GRATITUDE By DR. M. A. MAJORS Higher and higher we ascend on the ladder we must build And as we mount the ring, on rung we are learning how to guild, The names of our great dead, who living played their part, And left their shining honors high gladdening the races' heart. We are moving fast to where the soul of noble races lead And take our part in all the things that growing people need, And if to die for noble things the way of noble men We'll give our lives as noblemen to make the whole world Kin. WAKE UP, AMERICANS! The Coliseum rang with the cheers of thirty thousand souls Monday, Feb. 17, 1919. The joyful noise spoke gratitude from loving hearts to our brave boys, who survived the terror of war. Wake up, America! Your Negro people are alright. Wake up, America, and claim your own. Wake up, America, and be proud. PAGE EIGHT 1 199, without missing one single issue. Protestants, Single Taxers, Priests, their say as long as their language is whose platform is broad enough for right to speak its own mind. Receive attention. Write plainly, only advance. .....$2.00 1.00 on application. CH 1, 1919 No. 24 AT NOTICE vices, cards of thanks, write-ups, happen, when a charge of admis- new business enterprises, etc., 15 makes one line. as marriages, births, deaths and published free of charge. 9, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago, Ill., March 8, 1879. THE NEGRO. The business people of Chicago are to learn some sober lessons on employing foreigners. They had better get wise to the fact that the Negro spends the money in the community where he makes it. The Negro is industrious, he works in and out of season, and he does not strike. He is the only industrious worker that is really dependable. The Negro has his family to support just as the foreigner has, and he should not be denied work. EDUCATION Education is the greatest asset of any race, but, since all cannot go through the university or the high school, it is a very good thing to learn some kind of a trade, which when mastered may pave the way for a higher step intellectually. Cleaning Bottles When the inside of a bottle contains some deposit which cannot be removed by mere rinsing it will be found that a teaspoonful of ordinary silver sand, together with a little water, if well shaken up in the bottle, will get rid of it. Scraps of paper and tea leaves can be used with water for the same purpose. Insects Costlier Than Fires Insects cause the destruction of more timber that would otherwise be available for building purposes than do forest fires, according to investigations made by the bureau of entomology at Washington.—People's Home Journal. Hickory Best Fuel Wood Hickory of the nonresinous woods is said to have the highest fuel value per unit volume of wood, and has other advantages. It burns evenly and holds the heat. The oaks come next, followed by beech, birch and maple. All Writing Own Epitaph. We are all busy—busy writing epitaphs. We do not let a day pass without doing something in this line, and we are all busy, not in writing epitaphs for others, but in writing our own—Congregationalist. A Real Feat Said the facetious feller: "One of the greatest mysteries of my childhood is how Little Jack Horner succeeded with that plum pulling out affair with only one thumb." Where Life Lasts Longest. The average length of life is greater in Norway than in any other country. This is attributed to the fact that the temperature is cool and uniform throughout the year. Making Conversation Always remember that many a man who inquires after your health really doesn't care a rap whether it's good, bad or indifferent—Jameson Gem. Said the almost philosopher: "When a man is the picture of despair naturally he is in an unhappy frame of mind." Daily Thought. Dead he is not, but departed—for the artist never dies.—Longfellow. Hang Him. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, MARCH 1, 1919 EDITORIAL PAGE Inkless Pen. To make a pen that will write without ink, get a small quantity of violet aniline from a drug store, and some gum arabic. Dissolve a little of the gum in warm water, and mix with the violet aniline until a paste is formed. Apply it to the inside hollow of a new pen nib, just above the split. To write with the inkless pen it is only necessary to dip it in water. Shake away the drops, but do not wipe the pen. After a few moments it will be possible to write quite well. Reading by Ear. A new invention for the blind enables them to read with their ears. It is a machine called an octophone, by means of which flashes of light from the letters as they are printed cause certain sounds, easily distinguishable by the initiated. The sounds vary with the shapes of the letters, and very high resistance telephones transmit these to the ears of the blind person, "reading" with highly satisfactory results. Rum Made in Philadelphia. Rum distilled from molasses was among Philadelphia's principal manufactures before the revolution. Dr. Benjamin Rush wrote to "Mad Anthony" Wayne after the capture of Stony Point: "Our street ring with nothing but your name. You are remembered constantly next to our good and great Washington, over our claret and madelra." Both were much in demand at the city's typical entertainments of the stranger. Keep Up the "Friend Supply." The success of every life, as well as its happiness, depends very largely on its friendships. Take time to make friends. Take time to keep them. There are a great many unnecessary things which can be omitted from our daily activities and no harm done, but for the making and for the keeping of our friendships in repair one must find time, whatever else is neglected. Really True. An Indianapolis seventh grade was studying the gender of nouns. As a final review the teacher asked the pupil to give a few definitions. Masculine gender was defined and then came the request for a definition of the feminine. Alice, whose mother is a rather noted feminist, recited: "Feminine gender is the gender that opposes masculine." Boots Waterproof. To make boots waterproof mix equal parts of mutton fat, beeswax and sweet oil together in a small pan, heat over stove until melted, then after the mixture has cooled a little apply it to the boots plentifully, particularly about the seams and edge of soles, and that will really render them perfectly waterproof. Sunny Dispositions. I think it was Carlyle who said: "The man who can laugh way down deep in his diaphragm can never commit murder." And he should have added that the man with a whistling disposition can never be mean, abuse a child, betray a friend or refuse to pay his rent.—Fern Howard, in Milwaukee Sentinel. Bad for Discipline. "I understand there's a tendency to drop 'Aye, aye, sir,' in the navy." "That would never do." "Of course not. It's one of the traditions of the service. If that sort of thing were encouraged it wouldn't be long before a 'gob' would be saying 'Yep' to an admiral."—Birmingham Age-Herald. Coral Beads. Coral beads are apt to lose-their fresh appearance. To clean. them put a piece of soda about the size of a pea into a bowl of water hot enough to dissolve the soda. Rub some ordinary soap on the fingers, then rub on to the beads between the hands. Rinse them in clean cold water. Grease on Leather. Rub the stain lightly with ether and then if there are any marks left sponge away with a weak solution of oxalic acid. If you are afraid to trust your own ability to remove the stain take the grip to a leather store where bags are sold. Great Truth. If we knew half as much at forty as we thought we knew at twenty, we could be drawing princely salaries as prophets, instead of grubbing along at plain work—Exchange. The Head of the Family. An inquisitive scientist states that the average American family is composed of 4.6 people. Who is the .67 Why, the old man, of course. Depressing Reflection. Right always wins, but one can't always wait 500 years to see it do it. —St. Louis Globe-Democrat. Daily Thought. Calumny is only the noise of madmen.—Diogenes. Monarch's Compliment. A pretty compliment was that Philip IV of Spain, himself a painter, tendered to a greater artist, Velasquez. When Velasquez had finished his famous picture "Las Meninas," which includes not only Philip and his queen, but the artist himself, brush in hand, he asked of the king, "Is anything wanting?" "One thing only," answered Philip; and taking the palette from Velasquez's hands, he painted on the breast of the artist's figure in the picture the Cross of the Order of Santiago, the most distinguished in Spain. Animal's Strong Instinct Some animals are remarkable, indeed, for the wonderful development of love and devotion they possess and show toward men. They are so acute in the sense of their affections that they seem to perceive the feelings of their master in advance of his expressions. Masters of dumb animals have often been heard to declare that their animals were quicker to detect in them a spirit of anger than were their fellow men. Tecnidad Lizard Farm. On the island of Trinidad there is today a veritable lizard farm which has all the equipment for the successful breeding of these none too numerous members of the reptile family which are now known to be indispensable to the sugar planters. In addition to this enterprise a wider search is being made for toads to help increase the world's sugar output. Custom Hard to Down Pens made of feathers were common in the seventh century, but so inveterate was the old habit of writing with reeds on parchment and paper that it continued a long time after the first use of quills. The custom of carrying a pen behind the ear is ancient, as may be seen in the life of St. Odo: "He saw a pen sticking in his ear in the manner of a writer." Poor Relative's Figure. She said with a sigh, "My, how glad I am that I have a poor relative's figure! I can wear anything from the frocks made for Cousin Anne, who is nearly six feet and looks like a clothespin, to the suits built for Cousin Jane, who is five feet and weighs one hundred and eighty." Black Marble Black marble may be cleaned with a mixture of equal parts of pearlash and soft soap. Apply this with a flannel and let it remain on for some minutes. Then rinse, first with warm and then with cold water. When dry polish with a paraffin cloth until it shines. New Word. One of our exchanges tells about a man who "unthoughtedly" left his pocketbook, containing $5, on a counter in a railway station. As an addition to the English language we maintain that unthoughtedly is unthinkable.—St. Louis Republic. Now You'll Take Better. Because flashlight powders are not swift enough for the most rapid photography, an electrical device has been invented which lights the powder and then snaps the camera shutter when the burning powder is at its greatest brilliancy. The "Classic." Perhaps the best definition of classie is that given by Lowell: "Something that can be simple without being vulgar, elevated without being distant, that is neither ancient nor modern, always new and incapable of growing old." Seeing as Well. By a Frenchman's invention as a language student hears a word spoken by a phonograph he also sees it appear on a printed roll in conjunction with its translation in his own tongue. Keep Children Erect To make a child maintain an erect position while writing at a school desk a German has invented a rod to be attached to a desk, terminating in a cup against the child's chin. Keeps Hands and Feet Out. A Greek inventor has produced a machine which automatically cleans and packs more than 150 cases of currants an hour without contact of human hand or foot. Relieves Pain of Sting. Renewes Pain or Sting. The Savoyards rub a crushed clove of garlic upon a spot that has been stung by a wasp or bee. This makes the swelling go down and drives away the pain. Long-Felt Want A species of cactus growing prolifically in Algeria has been made by French scientists to yield 14 per cent of sugar and about 60 per cent alcohol. Internationality. Make this our concerion: "I am not born for one corner of the earth my country is this world."—Seneca. The first newspaper published in America made its appearance in Boston on September 25, 1700, and was called Publick Occurrences. It was intended as a monthly, but had only one issue, as it was immediately suppressed by the government for political reasons. The Boston News-Letter was the first permanent newspaper in this country, and usually receives credit for being the pioneer, as it was the first that survived. This initial number appeared on April 20, 1704, and its publication was continued for 72 years. Doctors' Fees Regulated. The fees of doctors were prescribed by law in Babylon in the days of Nebuchadrezzar. The code of Hammurapi, the great lawgiver, provided: "If a doctor has operated with a bronze lancet on a man for a severe wound, and has cured him, or has removed a cataract with a bronze lancet for a gentleman and cured the eye of the gentleman, he shall receive ten shekels of silver. If the patient be the son of a freedman, the doctor shall receive five shekels." About Roller Skates Roller skates were patented and used in France as early as 1819. A few years later an Englishman named Syers patented them and manufactured them in London. Syers' skate consisted of a sandal mounted on five narrow wheels in a single row, so arranged, however, that only two of them could touch the floor at the same time. Several-other similar skates were patented in England during the next 40 years. Barometric Violin. Abram Moses, a violinist of Baltimore, is the possessor of what might be called a barometric violin. Some time after Mr. Moses bought it, he noticed that at certain times it exhaled a strange and subtle fragrance, like an aroma of Oriental incense. Later, he observed that this fragrance was noticeable only when the weather was about to become damp. He obtained the violin in Paris some years ago when he was studying there. Inconstancy Ever Unpopular Nothing that is not a real crime makes a man appear so contemptible and little in the eyes of the world as inconstancy, especially when it regards religion or party. In either of these cases, though a man perhaps does but his duty in changing his side, he not only makes himself hated by those he left, but is seldom heartily esteemed by those he comes over to—Addison. More or Less? Hickop had decided to turn over a new leaf, and he couldn't help letting everybody know. "I have resolved for the New Year." he said, feeling if his halo was on straight, "that I shall not drink any more." "But, my dear fellow," protested a Doubting Thomas. "you couldn't drink any more. The point is have you resolved to drink any less?"—London Answers. Understanding Each Other. Those who fancy themselves not understood by the people with whom they have to associate might find some consolation in the fact that they themselves are not taking any great trouble to understand others. We are really not so complex or peculiar as we often imagine, and perhaps we are not worth so much study as we demand.—Exchange. Reptiles That Shed Their Skin Among the reptiles many, like the lizards and snakes, shed the whole skin at once, which they contrive to cast in a single piece, wriggling out of the old skin and leaving it behind them in the form of a hollow sheath, a mere ghost of the wearer. The frogs and toads contrive to make some profit on the transaction, since they eat their own castoff garments. Billion. In the United States a billion is a thousand millions. In Great Britain and European countries, the progression runs regularly, tens of millions, hundreds of millions, thousands of millions; tens of thousands of millions, hundreds of thousands of millions, thousands of thousands of millions, billions (that is a million of millions). Willie's Excuse. The slang expression "hard-bolled egg" to denote a disagreeable person reminds us of a youngster who could not eat an egg without feeling distressed. Chided one day for speaking rudely to his aunt, he said: "I can't help it mother; she affects me just like an egg."—Boston Transcript. Troubles of an Expert "Another member of the staff wants a raise—says he can't live on his salary of $40 a week." "Who is it?" "Bullem, the bachelor editor of our woman's page. He writes those interesting articles on how to support a family of four on $15 a week."—Birmingham Age-Herald. Cat's Value Regulated. There are many legends concerning the Manx cat. One of them tells the long ago, when the isle was ruled by the Cambrian princes, the value of cat was set by law. One of these laws reads as follows: "The price a kitten before it can see is a penny after it can see, before it catches mouse, two pence; and after it catches a mouse, 'our pence.'" Be Your Boy's Comrade All little fellows are ambitious to comrades of the "big boys." Be a boy yourself and get some fun out life. And at the same time you be building a future for your son will be a more glorious memorial, more effective monument to your than could be raised by all the male and granite in the hills of whole world. First United States Co First United States Currency. Immediately after the battle Bunker Hill $2,000,000 in Ameri- currency was issued, and by 1759 an amount had grown to $21,000,000, the various states had issued as much. In 1752 the mint at Pike delphin was established. Thus ther of American money gradually planted the foreign. Apt Description Jimmy's father is a tailor, so in his own ideas about outline and sign. A man came along the other day when Jimmy was out on the front porch and inquired where a certain man lived. "Just in the next block, said Jimmy, "in that real tailor looking stucco house." Best of Stimulants There is only one stimulant that never falls, and yet never intimidate—duty. Duty puts a blue sky over every man—up in his heart may fly into which the skylar, Bagpuss, always goes singing.—George D. Frenice. Necessity Makes Prosperity. A people never fairly begins prosper till necessity is treading its heels. The growing want of we is one of the sources of civilization Population is power, but it must a population that, in growing, made daily apprehensive of its morrow. -Simms. FROM THIS DATE ONWARD THE BROAD AX CAN ALWAYS BE FOUND ON SALE AT THE FOLLOWING NEWS STANDS: Mrs. L. Graves, The Provider Candy Shop, Notion Store and New Stand, 15 W. 36th Street, near State George I. Martin, Cigar, Notice Store and News Stand, 18 W. 31st St., near State. Edward Felix, Notions, Cigar and News Stand, 3002 S. Dearborn St. F. Bishop, Cigars, Tobacco and News Stand, 8 W. 27th Street, near State. A. D. Hayes, Cigars, Tobacco, Notice, Stationery and News Stand, 3640 S. State Street. Dodson's Shoe Shining Parlors and News Stand, So. West Corner 3540 and State Streets. Lawrence M. Heard, Traveler News Agent, with news stands at 3129 S. State St. and So. East Cav 35th and State Streets. Charles F. Mallory's Barber Sh and News Stand, 313 E. 35th Street. W. D. Scott's Lunch Room and Restaurant, 248 E. 35th Street. Louis Wimbley's Shoe Shin Parlors and News Stand, 2946 South State Street.