The Broad Ax

MAYOR WILLIAM HALE THOMPSON, AFTER A HARD AND BRILLIANT FIGHT, WAS DEFEATED In His Effort to Have His Platform Adopted by the Republican State Convention, He Forced Governor Frank O. Lowden to Let the World Know that He is in Favor of the League of Nations; that He is Not Concerned, Whether or Not; the American Soldiers Should Receive a Liberal Bonus for Their Services in the World War for Democracy; that He Is In Favor of Taxing the Poor and the Lowly, for the Benefit of the Rich or the Heaven Born Both the Republican and Democratic Conventions of Illinois Selected Delegates-at-Large and Alternates to Their Respective National Conventions. Former Senator James Hamilton Lewis Was Trotted Out By the Democrats for Vice President of the United States. Mayor Thompson and Governor Lowden from Henceforth Will Go to the Mat in a Deadly Combat. The Chief Executive of This State Will Endeavor to Unhorse Mayor Thompson As the Illinois Member of the Republican National Committee, and Mayor Thompson May Deal Governor Lowden Some Mighty Sharp Upper Handed Cuts Before He Receives the Nomination for President of the United States. Charles E. Stump, the Newspaper Writer, Has Lately Visited Raleigh, N. C., Portsmouth, Va., Washington, D. C., the Dinwiddie Normal and Industrial School at Dinwiddie Court House, Va., and Many Other Interesting Points Throughout the Southland. Portsmouth, Va.—Do you think I am stranded in this part of the world? If you do you are certainly out of your head, for I am not, but I am just swimming in good things to eat and plenty to drink, until I just hate to leave Tidewater, Virginia, but soon I must leave and go to another part of the world, and if you had time I would just invite you to go along with me and nor my bills and have some man can be named Mr. Dean and Prof. Frazier also. Well, these educated people know how to fix things. I was invited to be seated up with the teachers, and believe me I looked wise just like them, but there was one professor, a little fellow in size, and he came and put himself right next to me and did not speak. Of course this was all right for he was a "fessor." There Are Mighty Hot Times Ahead for the High Priests or Chiefs of the Grand Old Party of Illinois. Monday morning, May 10, shortly after 11 o'clock, the Republican State Convention was called to order in the State Arsenal which was filled with politicians of every degree from all parts of this great state, Col. or Congressman Frank L. Smith, Chairman of the Republican State Committee, called the convention to order and delivered a short ringing speech, which seemed to set well with the delegates, the visitors and also with the lady delegates and with the other ladies present the following were among the most prominent women delegates who occupied seats on the platform: Mrs. Brent B. Griffin, of Oak Park, vice-chairman of the Illinois Republican Women's Committee; Mrs. J. T. Mason of Anurora, chairman in the eleventh district; Mrs. Fletcher Dobyns, state chairman of the Women's Committee; Mrs. Martin K. Northam, chairman of the Speakers' Bureau, and Mrs. George Soden, member of the Platform Committee of the National Committee, the last three all of Chicago. Mrs. Frank O. Lowden and her lovely or charming daughters also occupied front seats on the platform and they very graciously showered their smiles down upon the strong supporters of Governor Lowden every time that they would make a home run for him. Just as Mayor Thompson strode into the convention hall and took his seat in among the delegates from his ward his loyal followers sent up a mighty shout for him and kept up the noise and commotion for sometime and the retainers and camp followers of Governor Lowden gave him a send off when he entered the hall showing that right from the start that very bitter feeling existed between the two factions. Everything seemed, however, to be running nicely on the surface until Congressman William A. Rodenberg, who was selected as chairman of the convention and at the conclusion of his spread eagle address in which he upheld the views of Mayor Thompson in almost every detail as expressed in his progressive platform, called for the nominations for members of the various standing committees; immediately thereafter Hon. Samuel A. Ettelson moved that all resolutions be presented to the Committee on Resolutions without reading and in calling for resolutions Chairman Rudenberg finally reached Mayor Thompson and as he arose to present his resolution the greatest demonstration that has ever been witnessed in any state convention in the past was staged right there and then and the defaunting noise and excitement on the part of the supporters of Mayor Thompson; lasted fully 30 minutes more than six hundred delegates were standing on their chairs shouting, at the top of their voices at the same time and for that length of time it was utterly impossible for anyone to be heard even if they attempted to pitch their voices in the highest key; Chairman Rudenberg broke his gavel and came near cracking the top of the solid oak table in an effort to restore order in the convention; at last order was restored and Mayor Thompson spring to his feet and said: "Mr. Chairman I desire to submit the following resolution" and Chairman Rudenberg demanded that it be brought forward and handed to the secretary, shortly after the history making and exciting scenes which were the opening wedge of the great light which will be waged from now on between Mayor THE BROAD AX Thompson and Governor Lowden the convention took a recess for one hour. United States Senators Lawrence Y. Sherman and Medill McCormick, addressed the convention and they, as did Col. Frank L. Smith and Congressman Rodenberg, endorsed Governor Lowden for President of the United States and all of the followers of Mayor Thompson heartily joined in voting for the resolution instructing the delegates from this state to the Republican National Convention to vote for him first last and all the time or until Governor Lowden personally releases them, shortly after the passage of the resolution the Committee on Resolutions, was ready to report and the majority of its members were not in favor of adopting a platform at that time; former Alderman M. A. Michaelson read the minority report and made a great and most profound talk for its adoption instead of the majority report; he was followed by Hon. William E. Mason who proved with figures at his command that right at this time it was costing this country two hundred thousand dollars each day to maintain her soldiers in the old world to do police duty for the Germans and so on. Dr. John Dill Robertson, Hon. Edward H. Wright, Edgar A. Jonas, Hon. William F. Mulvihill, Judge Robert E. Crowe, Hon. William Hale Thompson and Hon. Samuel A. Ettelson, all spoke in favor of adopting the Thompson resolution and each and every one of them unbosomed themselves of a flood of eloquent oratory that has ever been heard in any convention in the past and that will not be heard for many years to come. Mayor Thompson by constant fighting and talking in behalf of his views on the public questions of the day has developed into a foreible and polished orator but with all of his eloquent pleading and with the splendid talks of Hon. Edward H. Wright and the other speakers in behalf of the Thompson resolution it was voted down by the order of Governor Lowden who declared that "he did not want it" and his machine delegates were fearful of doing anything to displease him. Judge Robert E. Crowe said that if "Governor Lowden and his followers did not want the Thompson platform then let them get up some kind of a platform of their own and not submit a sheet of blank paper to the convention for its adoption. Chicago Resolutions Platform Which Caused Row in G. O. P. State Convention. Following are the main planks of Mayor William Hale Thompson's platform, which he introduced to the Republican State Convention. It was Thompson's insistence on the adoption of this Cook County platform, all the state platform, which caused the row in the Republican convention. Governor Lowden and his down-state followers opposed the adoption of any platform until after the National Convention has been held. Thompson's platform included the following: "To get out of Europe at once, by immediately passing a simple resolution of peace. "To stay out of Europe forever, by opposing the ratification of the Covenant of the League of Nations, either with or without reservations." MILITARY Commander of the Eighth Regiment, Illinois National Guard, who served his country on the battlefields of France, alternate delegate-at-large to the Republican National Convention. especially the adoption of compulsory military training, which is one of the things that we went to war to destroy. "To uphold the people's rights, guaranteed them by the Constitution of the United States, to free speech, free press and free assembly. "To demand the prompt repeal of all laws, wartime or otherwise, which in any way interfere with the rights of free speech, free assembly and a free press. "To bring home at once all American soldiers now in Europe and Asia with out authority of law. "To reduce in the electoral college and the House of Representatives the representation of all states in which the right of suffrage is denied to any person eligible to vote under the Constitution of the United States. "To favor immediate action toward the soldiers, sailors and marines who served in the late war. "To reduce the taxes of honest taxpayers by compelling every one to file true and honest schedules of taxable property, under penalty of imprisonment for failure or refusal to do. "To equalize the financial burden imposed by the war, by exempting from taxation all incomes under $5,000, consecration excess war profits and, also all inheritances over $1,000,000. "To stand for the highest efficiency in the naval preparedness, to defend our country against any and all foreign foes. "To advocate legislation which will prevent all profiteering and thereby reduce living costs." In putting up his hard and brilliant fight for the adoption of the above platform Mayor Thompson accomplished one or two very important things, namely, he was able to get it hurled broadcast to all the world and at the same time he successfully forced Governor Frank O. Lowden to declare to all of the world that he is bitterly opposed to a promise "to get out of the League of Nations." He opposed a promise "to get out of Europe and stay out of Europe." He opposed a pledge that a substantial bonus should be paid every American hero of the great war. He refused to let the State of Illinois declare its opposition to militarism in any form. He opposed a declaration to "uphold the people's rights as guaranteed COL. OTIS B. DUNCAN. of the Eighth Regiment, served his country on the battle gate-at-large to the Republican them by the Constitution of the United States.' He refused to be bound by a pledge to American mothers to 'bring their boys home from Europe at once.' He refused to support a declaration to equalize the burden of taxation; to promise that the rich as well as the poor should bear the burdens of government. Mayor Fights Hard. These were the declarations of the Thompson platform and the principles which the Governor ordered the convention to ignore. The Mayor and the Cook County delegation fought strenuously, but they failed. lowing resolutions were passed by it: The platform was not adopted, but “a set of resolutions” was passed. In substance these were: A recommendation of President Wilson and his policies. Denunciation of the Republican Congress for failure to enact legislation which would cut down the cost of living. Demand for the immediate adoption of the Versailles treaty “with reservations.” Indorsement of the woman suffrage amendment. Indorsement of Senator James Hamilton Lewis and the instruction of Illinois delegates to work for him as Illinois Democracy's choice for Vice-President. Resolution of condolence and respect to the late Roger G. Sullivan. Lewis Keynotes. The keynote speech was made by Senator Lewis, and it was significant that in his half-hour talk he failed to mention the League of Nations, but instead made a seething attack on the Republican Congress, referring to them as "seandalmonging, muddlunging jackals, who acted like hungry dogs following a meat wagon." Delegates Chosen. The delegates elected were Robert M. Sweitzer, Edward F. Dunne, Carter H. Harrison, Francis S. Peabody, Henry Charles E. Stump, the Newspaper Writer, Has Lately Visited Raleigh, N. C., Portsmouth, Va., Washington, D. C., the Dinwiddie Normal and Industrial School at Dinwiddie Court House, Va., and Many Other Interesting Points Throughout the Southland. Portsmouth, Va.—Do you think I am stranded in this part of the world? If you do you are certainly out of your head, for I am not, but I am just swimming in good things to eat and plenty to drink, until I just hate to leave Tidewater, Virginia, but soon I must leave and go to another part of the world, and if you had time I would just invite you to go along with me, and pay my bills, and have some of the good things I have to eat. Look where I was when I took my pen in hand to write to you last week, and look where I am today, and you will have to agree that I have been going some. Yes and I have been in some real sure 'nuf educated company, and I have been trying to make some education speech myself. If the people where I have been along forget me I shall not forget them, but will ever keep them in my mind they must also keep me in their mind. man can be named Mr. Dean and Prof. Frazier also. Well, these educated people know how to fix things. I was invited to be seated up with the teachers, and believe me I looked wise just like them, but there was one professor, a little fellow in size, and he came and put himself right next to me and did not speak. Of course this was all right for he was a "fessor," and what I was I don't know. I was a something, with coat and pants on and had the resemblance of a human being. I got as near the president as possible, because I met his son, who assisted me in locating that Mr. Dean and Prof. Frazier. But I thought I would die, and it was all I could do to keep my mouth from jumping out of my heart when that Prof. Frazier asked me to make a few remarks, and I made a few scattering remarks, be believe me honey. I will never be able Just a week ago I was here, so to speak, and went from here to Washington, N. C., and then from there to Kingston, where I wrote you a real letter last week and where I had been mingling with Prof. L. E. Rasberry, president of Kingston College, and one of the bright young men of this race of mine, who is destined to let the world know that he has been this way before, and that he will live in the hearts of the people. He will just be handed down from one generation to another, because of the work he has done for the young people of this country and race. It is fine to see young men going to the front, and I find that he has the love of his people at home. I had the pleasure of exchanging a few words with this wonderful doctor in the town, Dr. Bynum, and saw just how busy he was kept all the time, visited the store of J. J. Rivers, had the pleasure of meeting his family, and then pulled out for Raleigh N. C. It was a nice trip. I had over an hour in Goldsboro, and went to church, of course, it being Sunday night. Going to the Baptist church of the town, the preacher did not preach that night, hence I had to get out and go to the A.M.E. Zion church, where I found a white man up issuing out hot air. He spoke and spoke until he spoke out, and took his seat. It was rally night at the church, and I remained as long as I could to see it out, but had to leave for the stable to get on the iron horse for Raleigh, and Mr. Lightner, the planter, the man who is an expert in covering up the mistakes made by doctors, and is said to be one of the finest undertakers in this country, toted me to the station in his automobile carriage ear, and I just stretched back and rode as that little thing grunted and pulled. It seemed to make it there in good shape, and I was delighted to get on the wagon and make it to this capital city, Raleigh. I found my way to the home of Rev. and Mrs. C. F. Askew. Rev. Askew is one of these men of our race who believes in doing things, and he has stood out against odds for the rights of his people, and it looked at one time as some fellow there wanted to have the white people drive him out of town or lynch him, but it all fell that, and the true man was shown up, and the fellow who would destroy his brother was discovered. But I am not here to discuss such things now for it would make me sin if I should say just what I think and how a man tried to get me into trouble. I will forgive him and ask God to do the same, for he had been sick, and there were some other reasons and as I am a child of God I will forgive. I dropped in to see Mr. Shaw's University, but I did not get to see Mr. Shaw and the president was not there, but I had the pleasure of meeting-Mr. Dean who is sometimes called Prof. Frazier. I can't see how a man can be named Mr. Dean and Prof. Frazier also. Well, these educated people know how to fix things. I was invited to be seated up with the teachers, and believe me I looked wise just like them, but there was one professor, a little fellow in size, and he came and put himself right next to me and did not speak. Of course this was all right for he was a "fessor," and what I was I don't know. I was a something, with coat and pants on and had the resemblance of a human being. I got as near the president as possible, because I met his son, who assisted me in locating that Mr. Dean and Prof. Frazier. But I thought I would die, and it was all I could do to keep my mouth from jumping out of my heart when that Prof. Frazier asked me to make a few remarks, and I made a few scattering remarks, believe me honey. I will never be able to tell you what I said, and I doubt whether or not any of them young people or teachers will. For a few seconds I shook like an aspin leaf, or like jello or some other shaking stuff. I think I started off with "Now you lay me down to sleep," or something else. I felt like I wanted to go to sleep. They have a mixed set of teachers there, and a fine crop of them. Men and women of both races, and they mingle together without the black rubbing off, and if the son of the president is a sample of the father, then they have a fine president, and I hope some day to meet him. I got in touch with that wonderful character Berry O'Kelly, postmaster, merchant, business man, philanthropist, and a man among men. Have you ever met him? If not I wish you would seek the opportunity. His home is at Method, N. C., and he is without a wife, but hopes some day the Lord will provide him with one. He is trusting in the Lord, and I wish some good woman, who is in touch with the Lord would talk with Him about this case. Here is a man who is serving and unselfishly doing so. Serving without money and without price. When they needed a school at Method, Berry O'Kelly just put up the money and there went up a fine three story building, and they named it "The Berry O'Kelly Industrial School." We know of schools named for white men and women, but few of them for our men and women. He loved his people, and they love him to the heart. He is a deserving man. Mr. O'Kelly is a personal friend of Dr. Robert R. Moton, the principal of Tuskegee Institute, and a worker in the National Negro Business League. He was a friend to Dr. Booker T. Washington during his life time. He is in touch with Gov. Bickett, and other big men, and can approach them at any time. He has intorduced me to the Governor. I shall have to bring this letter to a stop, gradual or sudden. I have been going some. From Raleigh, I went to a school, Dinwiddie Normal and Industrial School, Dinwiddie C. H., Va., and at the head is Prof. Walt S. Woodyard one of the finest young men I have met at the head of a big school. He comes to the world via Mobile, Ala., and into the educational world via Fise University graduating from the college department from that institution. His wife is some pumpkins also, and a worker right by the side of her husband. She is a scholar, and then in addition to this she can do all kinds of making hats and other work with a needle. I am proud of them. I was invited to deliver an address called a "Commencement address." I have never understood why they call a school closing commencement, but that's their business and I suppose none of mine, and I am not going to PUBLISHED Every Saturday In this city since July 15th, 1890, without missing one single issue. Republicans, Democrat, Cotolina, Protestants, Single Taxon, Priests, infants or anyone else can have their say as long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak the own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in advance. One Year ..... $9.00 Fifty Months ..... $1.00 Advertising rates made known on application. Address all communications to JULIUS P. TAYLOR Editor and Publisher DR. M. A. MAJORS Associate Editor 4700 South State Street Phone Drexel 1416 Vol. XXV. May 15, 1920. No. 34. Entered at Second-Class Matter, Aug. 19, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago, Ill., Under Act of March 5, 1879. CHARLES E. STUMP IS STILL HANGING AROUND IN THE SOUTHLAND. (Concluded from page I) meddle with it. I heard them young people deliver them there orations, and I tell you it it got me excited, but I just got up and asked a question which put them all to flight. When I was introduced I got up and asked "How Old Are You?" The ladies blushed and the gentlemen looked wise, and I guess I must have looked otherwise, but honey, I just talked and asked that question until I believe the people got real tired of me. I guess the students and the large number of people from the surrounding country, Petersburg, and other places, thought I must be crazy or something else, and I heard a fellow say "I think he keeps a rooming house and has rooms for rent upstairs." I did not say anything but smiled because I thought he was complimenting me, but when I heard he was making fun, I sought him with a view of doing some real smashing, but I could not find him, and I would not remember him if I did see him, so I have turned him over to the Lord. THE APPOMATTOX CLUB WILL ENTERTAIN THE DELEGATES... AND VISITORS ATTENDING THE REPUBLICAN NATIONAL CONVENTION. The general convention committee, appointed by President S. A. T. Watkins of the Appomattox Club met Wednesday night and heard reports from the various subcommittees appointed by Chairman David B. Hawley. Because of the unusual large number of visitors expected to visit Chicago during the Convention the housing committee is making strenuous efforts to provide a sufficient number of private homes for the accommodation of those who will not be able to secure reservations in advance. The committee is compiling a list of homes where visitors may be accommodated. Chicago is famed for its large number of palatial homes and the hospitality of the owners, hence the committee is urging those who will consent to open their homes during the convention week to send their names, addresses, number that they will be able to accommodate together with the prices to be charged, to Benj. E. Mitcham, chairman of the housing committee, Appomattox Club, 3632 Grand Boulevard. The committee is anxious that profiteering shall not be indulged in and requests that only a reasonable sum be charged the visitors. During the convention week the beautiful new club house will be opened to visitors. An information bureau will be established with a competent stenographer in charge who will serve the delegates and visitors. The club will probably give a reception to the delegates and visitors Monday June 7. VIRTUS, MISSOURI Mrs. Obra B. Gildens, 3614 Columet avenue, has gone to St. Louis, Mo., to the A. M. E. Conference as well as to --- Washington, D. C.-Two distinguished educators of more than national reputation, Dr. Albert Bushness Hart, Eaton Professor of of the Science of Government in Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts and Dr. Charles R. Brown, Dean of the School of Theology, Yale University New Haven, Connecticut have been elected to membership upon the Board of Trustees of Howard University. Thus two of the oldest and most famous of American educational institutions become linked in interest and sympathy with the "Greater Howard" reconstruction movement. Dr. Hart was present at the inauguration of Dr. Durkee as President of Howard University and delivered one of the notable addresses upon that occasion. Dean Brown attended the Annual Convocation recently held at Howard and spoke twice to interested groups of educators gathered from all parts of the country, and to the officers, teachers, and students of the University. These splendid additions to the Board of Trustees together with the recent nomination of Colonel Theodore Roosevelt of Oyster Bay, New York, indicate that Howard is indeed adding to her already strong Board of Trustees a group of dynamic forces to help her establish her claim to recognition as a university truly national. Movement. Washington, D. C.-Mr. William Mather Lewis, Director of the War Savings Stamps Organization of the U. S. Treasury Department and Mrs. Charlotte Eldridge, Field Director of the District of Columbia War Savings Stamps Organization, addressed the officers, teachers and students of Howard University recently, bringing to their attention the significance of the Thrift Movement which has been put under way by the U. S. Treasury Department in all parts of the country. A headquarters office has been established at the University and students are urged to purchase stamps regularly, thereby aiding in a movement which is of such great importance to individuals and to the country as well. Sabbatical Leave Granted Howard University Instructors. Washington, D. C.-Sabbatical leave has been granted by the Trustees of Howard University to four of its teachers during the school term 1920-21. Prof. Charles H. Wesley of the Department of History is been awarded an Austin Teacher's Scholarship in Harvard University, and will study for the Ph. D. degree next year. Professor Martha MacLear of the School of Education is planning to study at Columbia University, being registered for the degree of Ph. D. Miss MacLear's study will be the "History of Education." She will also do some work in Sociology. Professor Thomas W. Turner, Acting Dean of the School of Education, and Professor of Applied Biology, will continue research in Vegetable Physiology at Cornell University Ithaca, New York. This particular line of research has large agricultural significance and for this reason the United States Department of Agriculture has given him ample facilities in the last few years for carrying on investigation in its laboratories. Also because of the important hearing which these investigations have in the field of agriculture, the Department sent him to the Northern Maine Experimental laboratory, where better facilities were offered for carrying on his investigations in connection with the sterility of the white potato. Professor Tur- ner will give attention, while at Cornell next year, also to "Education" particularly "Agricultural Education." Professor George W. Hines, Assistant Professor in the School of Commerce and Finance will attend the University of Washington at Seattle. His major work will be in Corporation Finance, while he will also take certain studies in Accounting and Business Organization. THE MUSIC CABINET. By Martha Broadus Anderson. Articles pertaining to music and musicians will be found in this column each week. Matter intended for publication must be in not later than Tuesday. Address all communications to the Music Cabinet, 6450 Champlain avenue, Chicago, Illinois. MUSIC PRINTING ferent p be used The first and the second. The metal and other chaperun ce pearnt Mrs. I in Piano Conserva moon Sh MUSIC PRINTING. When we go into a shop and ask for a sheet of music, I wonder how many of us give the slightest thought as to how it happens that we can buy over the counter, for from ten cents up, an article that it has taken nearly five centuries to develop. Doubtless many of my readers will complain because of my tendency to harp back to the Middle Ages, and will accuse me. of living in the past; seeing that nearly all of my articles have been more or less historical. Be that as it may, I am of the opinion that it is sometimes refreshing to look back a way and get a glimpse of the origin of things, for I have heard many a wise one remark that we measure our progress not by the heights which we have gained but by the depths from which we have come, or words to that effect. So this week I am giving you more history which I trust you will find interesting. I am encouraged in this effort by the many interesting and complimentary letters and expressions which I have received from my many readers. In the early stages of Music Printing all the work was done by hand and the drafting of musical manuscript as an art was a common occupation. Along with the notion of movable types for letters came the idea of movable types for notes. (It will be remembered that movable types for letters was invented by Gutenberg in 1440). The value of the movable type system was at once apparent as it led to music publishing and music-selling, a thing which had been quite impossible up to that time. Every cathedral and large church was obliged to supply its priests and choir with all needed service-books, which were often marvels of laborious patience and interest. The time and effort required upon them was excessive, which fact made them costly or priceless and prohibitive to the ordinary individual. The knowledge of the larger works was therefore limited to a few places and persons. To relieve this difficulty, experiments were made in the 15th century with printing music from wooden blocks, a whole page to a block. With the first trial by Gutehberg of movable types for letters, the question at once arose whether the same device was not practical for music, but there was the extreme difficulty of printing both staffs and notes at one impression. This delayed the solution of the problem and for a time the musical portions of books was printed from blocks while the text was printed from type. The earliest known printing of music from types was in 1476 by one Ulrich Hahn of Rome, followed by Jorg Reyser of Wurzburg in 1481, Ottavio Scotto of Venice and several others. In these cases only Plain-Song was attempted, and the process involved two impressions, the staffs being in red, the notes in black. The first application of this process to the more difficult problem of contrapuntal music was in 1501 by Petrucci of Venice. The first to work out a one-impression process, notes and staffs together, was the type-maker Pierre Haultin in 1525, whose types were used by Attaignant of Paris. Further progress consisted in devising better types from which came the round-headed notes devised by Briard of Avignon in 1530. The publishing of music now was undertaken in several places and many cities took up the new industry with success. The mechanical difficulties of music printing are not generally appreciated. The staff-lines should be continuous across the page and yet upon and between them must stand notes and other signs. It is easy to make type for all the latter, but not easy to apply them without breaking the lines. Making two impressions increases the cost and is a delicate process mechanically, since even the smallest variation in "register" between the two printings vitiates the result. In Petrucioio's time the problem was solved by making the types for the notes, bars, and other characters with a small portion of the staff-lines attached to them (in all desired combinations) and then setting these with other types for the remaining portions of the staffs, in a complicated mosaic, so exact in adjustment and so closely compacted that when the whole is inked and applied to the paper, both notes and staffs are produced in apparent continuity and perfection. The above remarks apply to printing from types, which can be cast in large quantities, set up in any desired combination, printed from, and then separated or "distributed" so as to be used again in other combinations. Today this process is usually employed for books containing much literary matter or "letter-press." Sheet-music is now usually printed from engraved plates—a wholly dif- 1920 HON. PETER M. HOFFMAN. The efficient and popular Coroner of Cook County, who has made himself solid with all the colored people of this city, owing to his fair dealing and skillful handling of the riot situation in Chicago in 1919, and insisting upon a fair investigation of the crimes and outrages perpetrated upon both the white and colored citizens alike, without any doubt will be renominated and re-elected to his present responsible position this coming fall. T. Theodore Taylor returned to the city Thursday after a successful concert in the East and South East. Both he and Mr. George L. Johnson, made splendid impressions on their audiences and received favorable comments even from the Southern papers. By some typographical error, the name of Margaret Clark was left out of the article last week referring to the Recital recently given at Douglass Center, by a pupil of Miss Estella C. Bonds. We regret the error. THE COMMENCEMENT AT THE DINWIDDIE NORMAL AND INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL. Dinwiddie, Va. The most successful year in the history of Dinwiddie Normal and Industrial School, has just closed, the commencement exercises being held May 10 in the presence of a large number of people. It seemed that the whole community for miles around took a vacation in order to be present at the school and a large number of people were here from Petersburg, Newport News, Richmond, and other parts. The patrons as well as students were loud in their praises of the good work accomplished by Prof. Walter E. Woodyard, the principal and a graduate from Fisk University. Prof. Woodyard is one of the most noted school principals in the country. The exercises were all of a high order, and the graduates from the Normal Department, were Gladys Alexander of Petersburg, Thomas F Goodwyn of Dinwiddie, Annie E Cross, of Norfolk and James C Wyatt of Dinwiddie. The commencement address was delivered by Charles Stewart, A. M. D. D., of Chieago, general missionary of the National Baptist Convention. "Tell Me Your Age" was the theme discussed, and in the address there were many things said to the young people. The speaker declared that man's age did not depend on the number of years he lived but of how well he lived, and how well he rendered his service to mankind. There are some ages that cannot be computed, he said, because of their years of real service to humanity—to the world. God has always been able to use a man, and you must bear in mind that man is not age, size, physi- Grand Medical Director of the Knights of Pythias of Illinois who is very popular with all classes of his fellow citizens, who delights once each year to enjoy a pleasant visit to the house of his aged and highly respected mother at Danville, Ky. cal strength, color hair but he is Mind. Soul Will. In true manhood, we have it in the principal of this institution, Prof. Walter E. Woodyard, who is but a babe in size, so to speak; but a giant in mind. He has been able to render a great service here, because of that trained mind. Prizes were awarded and presented by Prof. Woodyard. "VIRGINIA INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL FOR COLORED GIRLS." Continues Work of the Industrial High School Which Was Founded by the Colored Women of Virginia. By Wm. A. Avery. Hampton, Va., Mrs. Henry L NEGRO FREED ON UNWRITTEN LAW. Lancaster, Wis.-Jack Green, aged Negro who killed William Duncan white, wealthy Lancaster auto dealer (or alleged intimate relations with Green's 14-year-old mullate daughter was acquitted by a jury in Circuit Court here late Tuesday night. "Justifiable homicide" was the verdict returned. The defense stood on the unwritten law. Public sentiment had been with Green, since his confession to Sheriff Frank Hell an hour after the riddled body of Duncan was found in his auto near the Green home on the morning of November 3 last. When the verdict was read scores of prominent citizens congratulated Green. The case was heard before Circuit Judge Levi of Wisconsin. Attorneys H. E. Carthew and Walter Brennan defended Green. Carthew in his argument to the jury declared that Green was justified in killing Duncan after the civil authorities had failed to protect Deena Green from alleged advances by the auto-man despite Green's request to the officers. Duncan is survived by a widow and one daughter, Bernice, 14. "VIRGINIA INDUSTRIAL SCHOOL FOR COLORED GIRLS" Continues Work of the Industrial E School Which Was Founded by the Colored Women of Virginia Hampton, Va., Mrs. Henry Lanselm of Hampton, president of the Industrial Home School for Colored Girls, founded by the Virginia State Federation of Colored Women's Child and located at Peak's Turnout in Hampton County, presided at the annual meeting of the trustees, who was recently held at Hampton Institute, of which Dr. James E. Greig is principal. Mrs. Schmelz and Superintendent Janie Porter Barrett, who is the secretary of the board, acting for the fireboat dof trustees, signed a notice conveying the real estate owned by the corporation in Hanover County, the Commonwealth of Virginia, who under the Acts of 1920, will honor possess, control, and operate the school which is worth $75,000, under the title "Virginia Industrial School for Colored Girls." Mrs. W. S. McNeil of Richmond, mord, chairman of a committee of the trustees, expressed the thanks of the retiring board "to all of the friends of the school and especially to the State Federation of Colored Women's Clubs." The resolutions expressed the hope that all colored women of the State would continue and increase their devotion to the very worthy purposes of the school and pledged to the officers of the Commonwealth the good will and co-operation of the retiring trustees. The following officers were elected to serve on the Governor's board of managers: Mrs. H. L. Schmelz, president; Hampton; Mrs. W. S. McNeil, president; Richmond; F. W. Daring, treasurer; Hampton; Mrs. Maggie L Walker; Richmond; Mrs. C. P. Clark well, Richmond; Mrs. Laura E. Tilman Allen Washington, Hampton Institute, Rev. Dr. William H. Stokes, Instructor B. B. Munford, and Superintendent Janie Porter Barrett, secretary ex-office, Peak, Va. Superintendent Janie Porter Barratt reported that during five years of work at the Industrial Home School, 109 girls had been received; that 84 are at the school now; that 28 are out of parole; that 6 are in other schools, and that 7 have married. She also reported that the girls are receiving systematic training in home-making work; that the girls on parole are doing well; and there is need of a year-round teacher and domestic seience equipment. P. W. Darling of Hampton, treasurer, reported that $1,039 were an hand for the Harris Barrett Cottage Fund, and $1,042 were on hand for the general fund. "In several of the large Southern cities," said Mrs. Schmelz, "I found, while on a tour of Interchurch World Movement conferences, that our school was used as an illustration of Christian brotherhood between the races and in working out inter-racial problems. Mrs. Matryna P. Palconer, representing the Foedick Commission, voluntarily made this statement, "I visited all such institutions and I find that the money which the Government has expended through the Peak School for wayward colored girls has produced the largest results and has won the most efficiently administered of any of the funds which the Government has appropriated for like purposes anywhere in the United States." POSTS SURGERY. Dr. C. H. Pickett, Jr., of LaFayette, La., is in the city posting in surgery. The image provided is too blurry to accurately recognize any text. It appears to be a grayscale photograph of a person sitting at a desk, possibly in a study or office environment. The focus is on the person's hands, which are positioned near a document or notebook. The background is indistinct, but it seems to be an interior space with a desk or table. Member of Congress at large from Illinois, who made an eloquent and logical plea for the adoption of the resolution by the Republican State Convention which was presented by Mayor Thompson. HON. EDWARD H. MORRIS. Member of the Constitutional Convention of Illinois, who has proposed to add to the Bill of Rights an additional section, which is as follows: "Resolved, That the following shall become a part of the Constitution of Illinois: Section —. The laws of this State shall be applicable to all citizens without regard to race or color, and no person shall be prohibited from doing anything, because or by reason of the race or color of such person." Tuskegee Institute, Ala—Dr. Robert R. Moton, Principal of Tuskegee Institute, announced today that President H. C. King, of Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio had accepted the invitation to deliver the annual Commencement Sermon on May 25ed, which date marks the Thirty-ninth Anniversary Exercises. Dr. W. S. E. Elington, Pastor of the First Baptist Church, East Nashville, Tennessee, will deliver the Annual Address to the graduating class of Phelps Hall Bible Training School on Monday evening, May 24th. The exercises will conclude on Thursday, May 27, at which time the graduating exercises and the annual demonstrations of the Industrial Departments will be held. Bishop John Hurst of the A.M.E. Church of Baltimore, Maryland, will deliver the Commencement Address on that date. The Class of 1920 will hold its reunion and will be represented on the Commencement program by J. H. Ward, of Louisville, Kentucky. Tuskegee Institute, Ala—Major Allen Washington, Commandant of Caddets at Hampton Institute, is a visitor here this week, as the guest of Principal and Mrs. Moton. Mrs. John C. Davis, 19940 Walnut street, left the city a few days ago for Colorado and other poitna west where she will visit relatives. Washington,* D. C.-Urgent pleas for the passage of the Sheppard-Towner bill, providing, in co-operation with the states' federal aid in extending medical and nursing care to mothers and babies were made at the joint congressional hearing on the measure, Wednesday. Among the women backing the bill are Miss Annie Martin, candidate for the senate from Nevada; Mrs. Florence Kelly of the Consumers' League; Mrs. Henry W. Keyes, wife of Senator Keyes of New Hampshire; Mrs. Josephus Daniels, Miss Jane Addams; and Miss Julia Lathrop were represented by Miss Fleming, in charge of the children's bureau of the department of labor, in the absence of Miss Lathrop. Mrs. Keyes and Mrs. Daniels appeared before the committee as did Miss Martin. The bill has been endorsed by 35 governors, the mayors of 56 cities, and 17 national organizations of men and women. Among them the Republican women. COUNCIL MAKES SHOWING Star of the East Council, A. U. K. D.-of A. of which Mrs. Ida Simmons is most excellent queen, is making a great showing by the rapid increase in membership. On last Saturday a number of children was made in the Juvenile and in the evening a larger number of new members was made in the council. Preparations are being made for the annual sermon. ILLINOIS GUARDS UNITS SPECIFIED BY WAR OFFICE. Washington, D. C.—The adjutant general of the army prepared today an authorization to the adjutant general of Illinois to organize the following national guard units: Three regiments, infantry. One squadron, cavalry. One regiment, field artillery (75 milli meter, horse drawn). One battalion, field artillery (155 milli meter, motor drawn). One battalion engineers. One engineer train (to be organized in headquarters and supply sections only). One company, signal corps (wire). Two field hospital companies (motorized) and headquarters. Two ambulance companies (motorized) and headquarters. In addition to these there will be one tank company (Co. G), which was previously authorised. APPMATTOX C:UB NOTES. By Otteblo W. Collins. Our beautiful club building will be placed at the disposal of delegates to the Republican National Convention. Reading, writing and other necessary comforts will be tendered free of charge to all prominent visitors. A grand reception will be given to delegates. Those desiring hotel accommodations, please address Visitors' Committee, Appomattox Club, 3632 Grand Boulevard. Persons wishing to accommodate one or more guests during convention week, send names and number of guests desired. Look out for our grand opening—coming. NEGRO BISHOPS FOR RACE VOTED FOR PEACEhwf17yIKV. VOTED BY METHORISTS. Des Moines, Ia.—After 24 years of debate on the subject the Methodist Episcopal church has voted to establish a racial episcopate. Men wept during the singing of "The Battle Hymn of the Republic" in thanksgiving for the decision to grant the Negroes general superintendents of their own race. The decision came in the form of approval of the report of the committee on episcopacy, the vote being practically unanimous. Dr. R. A. Chase, of Wisconsin attacked the anti-Negro propaganda that has been going on in the north, speaking especially of Griffith's "The Birth of a Nation." MR. BAILEY WILL RETURN. As the custom for sixteen years, M. T. Bailey, president of the Alumni Association of the V. N. & L. L. at Petersburg, Va., will return to Virginia in a few weeks to be present at the commencement exercises and meeting of the Association on the 27th and 28th of May. It is expected that the boys and girls from all parts of the United States will come to this meeting. J. Thomas Newsome, graduate of the school and an attorney of renown, will deliver the principal address; President John M. Gandy will welcome the Alumni and Mr. Bailey will preside at this meeting. $10,000 VERDICT FOR NEGRO GIRL. After remaining out for four hours, a jury in Judge F. D. Hutchins' division of the Wyandotte county district court late Friday returned a verdict in favor of Florence Betteis, Negro girl, 17 years old who sued the school district, teachers and principal of the Edwardsville, Kans., High school for $10,000 damages. The defense alleged that she became ill following a search for a $2 bill said to have been stolen in the school. 16TH ANNUAL BALL Where are you going, my pretty maid? To the Elk's Ball, she said. The grandest ball of the season you know. To be given by Great Lakes Lodge of Elks. I. B. P. O. E. of W. at Eighth Regiment Armory, Forest Avenue and 35th Street, Monday evening, May 17, 1920. Don't fail to attend the season's grandest event. The same good time assured you and yours. Leslie T. Ash, Exalted Ruler, James T. Cooper, Financial Secretary, H. L. Piper Chairman Ball Committee. Music by Elks Celebrated Military Band. Admission 50 cents. "DREAMY" GOWN FOR SPRING © Western Newspaper Union This charming creation is of sky-blue taffeta and exquilete fillet lace, with just a touch of wool embroidery in contrasting colors. NOTES ON NEWEST FASHIONS The use of laces of all characters is a salient fashion note of the season, and the opinion advanced that lace as a trimming and as a fabric has by no means yet reached the height of its popularity. It is maintained that not for a period of five years or more has lace been so extensively used as at the present time. Reviewing the spring modes advanced by Paris and taking into consideration the opinions of our best fashion authorities, it is safe to say that no silhouette, no one note dominates over another in the new clothes. This makes for a very interesting season and a profitable one for women generally, for this situation in the realm of fashion permits every woman to choose and wear those styles that are best suited to her needs. An interesting and decidedly youthful hat is a tinn shape made of soft, shiny black straw and trimmed with spicet-colored glycerin ostrich, that fastened at the center of the crown, falls gracefully tassel fashion over the left side, touching the shoulder of the wearer. Side by side, the product of the same creative brain, one sees fascinating evening gowns on slim draped lines along with dancing frocks of bountiful silhouette. Tulle and lace, and tulle, a light, fairylike lace, is a strong note of compelling interest in dance frocks of youthful design. And as is consistent, these frocks are in delightfully gay and refreshing colors—rainbow colors these can be called most fitting. COLORS NOW IN LIMELIGHT Toast is by all means the newest of the light brownish tones, though it isn't very different from other light browns of other seasons, it goes by a new name, at least as applied to the color. Then there is pumpkin color, which is seen in some of the new cotton materials, and seems to be much admired. It combines very well with some of the dull lighter greens, as well as with blues. Ruby and brick are shades of red that are much in demand and, strange as it may seem, there are reds seen in the smartest of spring suits. Canard is what you will call a blue green; that explains itself when you recall that canard means duck in French. You know the blue green feathers on a wild duck's back. Hyracinth blue is a shade that one sees occasionally in smart evening frocks. Gold is a shade of yellow that seems to be winning favor. It is not a bright gold, but suggests bits of the antique metal. Short Sleeves Preferred and Mode Is Collarless With Neckline Deeper at Shoulders. Your task of buying your spring suit is not really completed until you have invested in at least one blouse to go with it, observes a fashion correspondent. And, although there is no further doubt concerning the return of the lingerie blouse to favor, still you know that this type of blouse is not the one to select to be worn under your suit jacket. It is sure to show creases when you take off the jacket. Moreover, if you do take off the jacket you want a blouse that gives an unbroken line with the suit skirt, and this cannot be accomplished if you are wearing a white blouse. It really is wise to have one blouse that almost exactly matches the suit, and the new material selected for such a blouse is tricolor or some other sort of knitted silk fabric, which seems proof against wrinkles. This season the short sleeve, elbow or shorter, will be the preference for these blouses and usually the mode is collarless with a neckline open at the neck, sometimes deeper at the shoulders than from front to back. However, the handmade batiste, linen or volle blouse is in high favor and will be worn for summer and resort wear. It reminds one of a decade ago, for now as then the well-dressed women are ordering these handmade blouses in numbers, many women having laid in as large a supply as a dozen, all hand made, for the spring and summer season. They will be worn with the separate sport skirt. Then there are colored wash blouses, flame and green and toast, and these are to be worn often with the separate skirt of white. The blouse that extends far below the waistline is little in evidence. However, most of the blouses, save the conventional sort of lingule blouses that have made their appearance and. THE of course, the regulation skirt which is still worn for sport wear—most of the blouses have something below the waistline. Sometimes they terminate in a wide girdle that extends to the hips. CLOTHING FOR YOUNGER SET The time is certainly past when children's clothes can be purchased ready to wear for a mere song. Making them at home is a great saying this season, especially if the stores are carefully "shopped" for bargains in materials. Fortunately no one style dominates the style field for children (for the matter of that, great leeway is admitted in fashion for grown-ups as well) and variety is really the important point to achieve. Cotton poplin is in high favor for sturdy service dresses for little girls and for suits for small boys. Cotton crepe is another fabric that is a favorite when clothes for everyday wear are under consideration. The small girl will be becoming outfitted in volle, organdle, swiss and similar transparent fabrics when really warm weather arrives—that is, for some what dreasy occasions—but the sturdy percales, poplins, chambrays and cotton crepes will be selected for play hours. Vlidr, rather dark, or at least medium shades are in great favor for service clothes for members of the younger set. Jade green is liked and is very smart when becoming. Marigold yellow and a medium blue are also much used. Culture Favors Oriental. The Spanish influence and the oriental is noted in half-dressing as in gown; the Spanish in the collar that plies the hair high on the head; the oriental in the coronet effects which have returned. Though shops are showing many lovely hair ornaments, it is only with most formal evening dress that these are being worn. "There are golfers who are engrossed in the game that they can think and talk of nothing else. Such a one was taken by an astronomer to look at the moon through a telescope. Asked what his thought of this satellite, the golfer replied: "It's a right, but it's a bit of a bunker."—Boston Transcript. [Name] Member of the Constitutional Convention of Illinois, who is ever ready to vote against every proposition which is intended to strike at the civil and the political rights of citizens of this state. Business called J. B. Street, worthy master of North Star Lodge 57 to Springfield, Ill., during the week. Mr. Street will attend the State Convention in session. GRADUATED NURSE Mrs. Dorothy L. Delaware, 4219 Prairie avenue, was graduated with 600 others as nurse from the Chicago Training School, during the week. A literary program will be rendered on Wednesday evening, May 19, by the members and friends of the Virginia Society at Bailey's Hall, 3638 State street. All Virginians are urged to attend this meeting. BACK HOME After spending several pleasant days in the city as the guest of Mr. and Mrs. A.-H. Young, 3556 Forest avenue, Mr. and Mrs. Cornelius Robinson of Milwaukee, WI, are back home. ATTENDS CONFERENCE Mrs. Irene Lucky, 3638 State street, clerk of Grant Memorial Chapel, as at St. Louis, Mo., attending the A. M. E. Conference. Mrs. Grant Gardner, Muskegon, Mich., has been for the past week visiting with some, of her many friends in this city and last Sunday she turned out with the Household of Ruth and greatly enjoyed the annual exercises of that order and the Grand United Order of Odd Fellows. Mrs. Gardner is looking exceedingly well; she returned to her Michigan home Thursday evening. For many years she has been a constant reader of this paper. Lawyer James G. Cotter former Assistant Attorney General of Illinois, was one of the assistant secretaries of the Republican State Convention at Springfield Monday. He is also one of the assistant secretaries of the Republican State Central Committee of Illinois and he is forging right to the front in city, county and state Republican politics. J. A. Forester, editor of the Riverview News, which is published by the Riverview Boosters Club of Riverview Park is one of the best newspaper men on the Northwest Side. He is always endeavoring to boost not only that section of the city, but all parts of Chicago. Editor Forester, is the right man to do it. Hon. James W. Breen, Assistant Corporation Counsel of Chicago and Committeeman of the Thirtieth Ward, mustered thirty-one of his delegates or his entire deduction and struck out for Springfield Sunday evening. The Second Ward only had twenty-six delegates as against thirty-one from the Thirtieth. Joseph R. Dunn, and the other Colored delegates, were treated powerfully fine by Mr. Breen and his white associates. The writer was one of the special guests of Mr. Breen, to and from Springfield and he spared no palms in making it pleasant for each and every one who accompanied him. Hair-Net Construction. Human hair goes through many processes before reaching the user in the shape of a hair net, and the best are claimed to be made from hair prepared in England. The hair is bleached, chemically treated to reduce its thickness, and then dyed and combed into lengths ready for netting. After being thus treated it is sent to China to be distributed through properly appointed agencies and made into nets by hand by natives. Body Temperature. Body Temperature. The average body temperature is 98.5 degrees, but it varies within a few degrees with the time of day and various other factors. It is normally 97.5 degrees in the morning and 99.5 in the afternoon. Eating and exercise may raise it from one to several degrees. Nervousness may cause sudden changes either higher or lower. The good Way Was Cheaper. The old old days of the rheumatic are gone. He no longer totes a raw potato in his pocket. He goes to his doctor, his doctor sends him to the tonsil expert, the tonsil expert sends him to the X-ray expert, the X-ray expert sends him to the dentist, and the dentist returns him to the doctor, and the doctor sends him to the drug store. It's the life, boys—Honston Post. "Strength Success" Our Slogan $15,000,000 Capital and Surplus Your Safeguard Every known courtesy, consistent with good banking principles are at your service. BANKING HOURS FOR SAVINGS DEPOSITS. 9 a. m. to 2 p. m. Saturdays 9 a. m. to 8 p. m. ILLINOIS TRUST & SAVINGS BAN La Salle & Jackson - Chicago FIRST REAL ESTATE MORTGAGES NEGOTIATED AND FOR SALE If there is anything you need in the Real Estate line on the South Side, call or consult Mr. Binga for Real Bargains. Southeast Corner 30th Place and State Street, Chicago Warblers of All Kinds. Not taking into account the human beings who are sometimes relied to as warblers, you will find that there are many kinds of warblers. If you had a collection of them all together they would take in about all the colors of the rainbow, yellow, orange, chestnut, black, white, green, gray, brown and other colors, with numerous shades catering into their beautiful plumage. Bellefe Concerning Sapphire. To the sapphire has been ascribed wicked thoughts; that it is such an enemy to poison that if put in a glass with a spider or venomous reptile it will kill it. St. Jerome in his exposition of the nineteenth chapter of Isaiah says that the sapphire procures favor from princes, pacifies enemies, frees from enchantment and obtains release from captivity. This gem was sacred to Apollo and was worn when inquiring of the oracle at his shrine. It was esteemed a remedy against fire. insist on Recognition. The best ideas in the world will not work themselves. Usually the best things have to be impressed upon folks. There's something in human nature that seems willing to fall for the nonsense of life much more readily than it takes on life's responsibilities. Call it what you will. The name you give it won't alter the facts. So the only thing left is to get under the load and carry it to success. You must not get tired. It allows others grow weary and quit. As the leader and reformer you must trudge on and by your dogged zeal compel recognition for yourself and what you stand for.-Grit. The Movies of 1713. On another page of this paper was printed recently an alleged newly discovered manuscript by Aristotle philosophising on the movies. Mr. Walky was joking, of course; but there is no joke about this extract from Swift's "Journal to Stella," dated March 27, 1713: "I went afterward to see a famous moving-picture, and I never saw anything so pretty. You see a sea ten miles wide, a town on 'tother end and ships sailing in the sea and discharging their cannon," etc—Boston Transcript. The Alban Calendar. The Ancient Calender. In the ancient Alban calendar, in which a year was represented as consisting of ten months of irregular length, April stood first with 38 days to its credit. In the calendar of Romulus it had 30 days, while Nuna's twelve-month calendar assigned it to fourth place, with 29 days; and so it remained until the reformation of the calendar by Julius Caesar, when it recovered its former 30 days, which it has since retained. His Drawing Powers. His Drawing Powers. "Can you draw?" an applicant for a private tutorship was asked. "Certainly," replied the candidate; "at ten years of age I could draw clder; at twelve, a picture; at fifteen, a hand-cart loaded with cabbage; at sixteen, an inference; at twenty, a bill of exchange. If I were an actor I believe I could draw the largest house; but, being a teacher, I am content to draw a small salary!" Beautiful Birds. There are about fifty different kinds of birds of paradise, which are among the most beautiful of the world's feathered creatures, and their home is in the South seas, on the continent of Australia and islands and countries nearby. These birds live in forest treetops and are very lively and active, jumping about and hanging from the limbs of the trees. Cost of Producing a Diamond. To produce a diamond in the rough costs approximately $7 a karat, according to estimates of various students of the diamond industry. If this diamond properly cut were sold at $30, it would not a good profit. In the South African mines it is said the diamonds are distributed so evenly that 100 tons of the blush clay yields about 100 karats of diamonds. The production cost of a five-karat diamond is $35. If it is flawless and of good water it will easily net $3,500. The supply of diamonds is unlimited. Almost all of the world's supply comes from South Africa and complete control of it is in the hands of one British concern. 118]N. La Salle Street CHICAGO Residence 3229 Webash Ave. Telephone Boulevard 188 JAMES G. COTTER ATTORNEY-AT-LAW 145 NORTH CLARK STREET SUITE 407 Telephone Central 8684 CHICAGO Formerty Assistant Attorney General State of Illinois Res. 3646 Grand Boul. Doug. 4397 J. GRAY LUCAS ATTORNEY-AT-LAW 129 E. 31ST STREET Quite 16-17 Phone: Douglas 6361 CHICAGO P. Dunn, J. B. McCahey, Trustees Tel: Oakland 1552, 1551, 1550 JOHN J. DUNN Established 1877 WHOLESALE AND RETAIL COAL Fifty-First and Federal Streets CHICAGO Renton, 1824 Massachusetts Pine Tel. Monroe, 2714 MILES J. DEVINE ATTORNEY AT LAW SUITE $18-330 REAPER BLK. Clark and Washington Streets Phone Central 1230 CHICAGO Notary Public Phones: Office Main 4183, Residence, 4783 Champaign Ave. Phone Drexel 8178. Walter M. Farmer ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW Suite 708—184 W. Washington St. CHICAGO Residence 8419 South Park Ave. Phone Douglas 8354 WM. J. LATHAM ATTORNEY AT LAW Office Phone: Calumet 878 2 BAST THIRTY-FIRST ST. Suite 7 CHICAGO Audifone 8855 Prairie Ave. Phone Douglas 0183 Phones: Main 2017 Auto 82-305 A. L. WILLIAMS ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW Suite 706 Firmanich Building 84 W. Washington Street CHICAGO Telephone Oakland 246 E. K. CALDWELL Successor to C. E. KREYSSLER DRUGGIST 8057 South State Street Near Elm St. Not On the Corner CHICAGO "Business Will Influence Your Daily Lamp, You" EXELENTO FOR KINKY HAIR "Every woman can have nice, long hair," says Mary Hair, less grown. It inches long by using your wonderful EXELENTO GUININE PORAMA Don't be fooled by foxy hair beads. You can't unshake your hair well! It's just a smooth, smooth, smooth! from the roots of the hair and makes it grow long and soft. We make Easily Skin Beautifier, an emulsion for dark, almond skin. Used in treatment of skin trouble. PRICE OF EACH 25c IN STAMPS OR Coin (discounts apply) EXELENTO MEDICINE CO., Atlanta, Ga. --- Sensations of Heat and Cold. The feeling of cold or warmth is caused by sensations in the skin and has little significance as to the body temperature. On a hot day one may feel very hot when the body temperature is quite normal. Again at the beginning of a fever one may feel cold as in the case of a chill. This chilly feeling is caused by the contrast between the higher temperature of the internal organs and still normal temperature of the skin. You can if you can; make you gentle on ant or common appealing has been pleasant buffed by harshly An artist was sketching from the river bank near two friends who were fishing. The artist was at one time surrounded by cows which interfered with his view, and he tried to drive them away by throwing things at them, but they would not budge. At length one of the anglers cried: "Show them your sketch, old man!" He did so, and the offenders fled. West End Ashland S CAPITAL AND SU 1610 West 63rd Street COMPARATIVE STATEMENT LAST SEVEN November 18, 1912.....836,605.23 November 17, 1913.....988,386.38 November 17, 1914.....912,005.69 November 17, 1915.....1,059,400.64 November 17, 1916.....1,132,750.71 November 17, 1917.....979,377.47 November 18, 1919.....1,284,084.24 November 17, 1919.....2,359,636.62 OFFICERS JOHN BAIN, President MICHAEL MAISEL, Vice President EDW. C. BARRY, Cashier W. MERLE FISHER, Assistant C JOHN BAIN, President MICHAEL MAISEL, Vice President EDW. C. BARRY, Cashier W. MERLE FISHER, Assistant Cashier ARTHUR C. UTESCH, Asst. Cashier. This association has done more for the railroad man of color than all other labor agencies combined. Now housed in the magnificent home formerly used by the Appomattox Club—recently purchased as our headquarters. Railway Men's International Benevolent Industrial Association General Headquarters, 3441 Wabash Ave. Appomattox Club CHICAGO, ILL. Trail Pointer. You can't make your face. Perhaps, if you could, you would make it different; perhaps not. But you can make your voice. You can make it gentle or harsh, you can make it pleasant or quarrelsome, you can make it common or refined, you can make it appealing or repelling. Many a job has been refused because of an unpleasant voice, many a friendship rebuiled because of tones that grate harshly on the ear. A "common" voice slams tight shut the door of many social and business opportunities—Indianapolis Star. Devices on Old Playing Cards. In the seventeenth century English cards were embellished with heraldic designs. The King of clubs bore the coat of arms of the pope of Rome. Spades, diamonds and hearts were adorned respectively with the armorial devices of the kings of France, Spain and England.—Cleveland Plain Dealer. glewood state Bank RPLUS $300,000.00 Chicago NT OF DEPOSITS FOR EN YEARS CERS The President Cashier SHER, Assistant Cashier 3504 SOUTH STATE STREET CHICAGO, ILL. Phone Prospect 427 JAMES H. RYAN & Real Estate, Renting Loans, Insurance JAMES H. RYAN & CO. Real Estate, Renting Loans, Insurance 8044 SO. ASHLAND AVENUE CHICAGO, Tag Your Books. Many book lovers with large and precious libraries keep a small book with the name of each book lent, the date and the borrower. After a reasonable time, when the book has been lent, it is no discourtesy to write and remind the borrower that you miss your book friend and are waiting to welcome it home. Get a bookplate. That is the very best way to tag your books. And don't forget that the golden rule applies in books as in other phases of life, and return the ones you borrow yourself. Champion Meanest Man. Champion Meantest Man. A peculiar case which recently came before a London magistrate was that of a woman who applied for a separation from her husband, whom she denounced as the champion mean man of all England. She complained that her husband during the sugar famine kept his supply in a separate bowl, in which he imprisoned a fly. If the fly was still there when he returned home nobody had tampered with his hoard; if it was not, a lump or two had been taken. Cut out this Subscription THE BROAD AX 6206 S. Elizabeth St, Chicago, IL. JULIUS F. TAYLOR, Please enter my name as a subscriber to THE BROAD AX. I enclose herewith Two Dollars, the annual subscription to same, or One Dollar for six months. THE HOTEL The Cranford Apartment Bldg. 3600 WABASH AVENUE The finest building ever opened to Colored tenants in Chicago. Steam heat, electric lights, tile baths, marble entrance Phone Main 263 J. W. Casey, Agt. 133 W. Washington St. RYAN & CO. Rate, Renting Insurance The teacher was quoting wise sage to the class and getting their opinions about them. She said: "A discursive silence is better than the truth gods en without charity.' Can any boy give a practical interpretation of that maxim?" Somewhat to her consternation, a freckle-faced lad made this honey application: "If you see a cockroach on the table, don't say anything about it."—From the Outlook. Sickening Discovery. The teacher had read a chapter from "The History of the American Revolution" and Raymond had then heard the word "breastworks" for the first time. Telling his mother the story when he got home, he said: "When the British got up in the morning and saw the Americans on the opposite side of the hill, they threw up their breakfasts." Boston Transcript. A British firm bears the name of "English & Irish." The funny thing about it is, however, that Mr. Irish is English and Mr. English is Irish-Boston Transcript. e enter my name as a subscribe herewith Two Dollars, the annu lar for six months. CHICAGO, ILL $1.00 FOR 6 MONTHS $2.00 PER YEAR