The Gazette
Saturday, December 20, 1919
Cleveland, Ohio
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DOINGS OF THE RACE
Beauregard F. Moseley, well known Chicago lawyer and business man, died recently.
Bishop C. S. Smith of the A. M. E. Church celebrated the close of his fifth year in public life, last week at his home in Detroit.
Here's an opportunity for our people in the country districts. The U. S. civil service commission announced last week Thursday, it will hold examination for rural mail carriers on Jan. 10. Examinations will be held in Cleveland, Bedford and Beren.
Writing the N. A. A. C. P. headquarters, recently, a member said: "Sunday, November 16 I attended a funeral at Vinita, Oklahoma. The undertaker would not hire his hearses to the lady as they do not allow colored people to use the same hearses that white people ride in. The one they have been using for colored people has worn out, therefore she sent to Chetopa, Kansas, and hired one."
Level-headed and intelligently aggressive, our old friend, the Hon. Harry C. Smith, editor of The Cleveland (O.) Gazette is "putting 'em over" in great shape these days. He is one of the pioneers of plain speaking on the part of the race press, and his wonderful success in pushing the Civil Rights Law and the Mob Violence or Anti-Lynching law through the Ohio legislature in 1834 and his respectful response in 1836. "The truth of our position out of the "Buckeye State" and in breaking down the local slums and pretenders in the political life of Cleveland, are just a law of the triumph he has achieved through his courageous attempts at crucial periods in our progress. Editor Seman is absolutely unpunctable, and if a "leader" fails to land on the right side of a proposition affecting the welfare of our people he is likely to run aroul of the doughy pen-wonder of The Gazette and go to the mat for a knockout.—R. W. Thompson Washington, D. C. correspondent, or Baltimore (Md.) Daily Herald.
THE DAVIS ADMINISTRATION
Responsible for "Much of the Crime Committed in Cleveland" Says U. S. Judge Killits—"The Gazette" said this Two Years Ago!
Opinning that most thieves are gamblers and thievery results largely from craving for money for gambling purposes, Federal Judge Killits, of Toledo, charges that much of the crime committed in Cleveland is attributable to the city government.
Clevelanders are far from disagreeing with the learned judge. They regard it as by no means impossible that the course of the city and court authorities, now and for a long time past, has not succeeded in discouraging crime—by failing to suppress gambling, at least by failing to efficiently conduct our police department, by failing to make the Warrenville workhouse something more than a joke or a scandal, by failing to stop the constant leakage of known criminals out of the law's hands through suspended sentences, bond frauds and paroles.
That crime is still as rife as ever if not rifer, citizens are freshly assured by the Cleveland Foundation. In pursuance of one of its celebrated surveys, inquiring into the city's ways of seeking recreation, the foundation reports that gambling is commonly practiced in two-thirds of the poolrooms, in many of them without attempt at concealment; that men play for money in billiard rooms; that public dance halls permit of a certain informality of social intercourse and that coffee-house where residents preserve the national customs of the Levant, threaten to "become a source of moral deprivation and physical peril"
Judge Killis can hardly tell Cleveland residents anything new about the prevalence of crime in Cleveland, though perhaps he might do something new toward stopping it. If we are not misinformed, when criminal conditions in his home city became intolerable through the remissness of local authorities, the federal department of justice recently took a hand and staged a most impressive round-up of hunk rebbers, pickpockets and breakers in his department and the judge's personal direction. We know of nothing to prevent him from doing Cleveland a like favor, now that his official sojourn here has enabled him to recognize the need—Cleveland Daily News.
PRAISES OUR TROOPS
Secretary of the Navy Daniels Calls Them Types of the Race That Produced Fighters.
Washington, D. C.-Speaking in behalf of a movement to erect in Washington a monument to our soldiers and sailors, Secretary Daniels declared, Sunday evening, that "the world war was not the first time African-American soldiers had fought trained Prussian troops and given a good account of themselves." Referring to the war, he said a prominent part in the battle of Bunk Hill and to our hero of the world war, Henry Johnson, who killed four Germans and wounded twenty-eight others, the secretary said these men were the best types of a race which in all wars had produced only loyal and efficient fighting men.
The Memorial to Our Soldier Dead
COL. CHAS. YOUNG
WOULD ASK
Of Congress—Why He
Refused to Speak at
Washington, D.C.—
Congress Cannot
Make Lynching
"A Federal
Crime"—A
Splendid
Address.
New York City.—Col. Charles
Young, who is to sail for Liberia as
Military Attache to the U. S. embassy,
appeared before a large and appreciative audience, Sunday afternoon, at St. Mark's church, this city, under the auspices of the National Urban League. Addresses were made by Eugene K. Jones, who presented the work of the League; A. L. Jackson, who spoke on its work of training and placing social workers, and Col. Wm. J. Schiefelin, of the 15th N. Y. N. C. who, in emphasizing the need of the work of the League, spoke on the value of co-operation between the races. He spoke of Col. Young as one of the three great men who were reused participation in the war by the
2
Colonel Charles Young
present administration—the others being Col. Theodore Roosevelt and Major General Leonard Wood. The principal address however was made by Col. Charles Young in whose hometown he spoke of the Negro's need in this period of reconstruction and readjustment. In discussing these needs, he laid special emphasis on two factors as fundamentals—economic and political. As an introduction to his discussion he mentioned in this connection his re-try to an invitation to address a meeting in Washington called to ask Congress for a memorial to be erected there to the Negro soldier dead. In declining to take part in the meeting, Col. Young said that he desired no such separate memorial from Congress. But he did request of Congress a memorial to the Negro dead and that that memorial be the thing for which these Negroes gave their lives—liberty, justice, equal opportunities and educational facilities, the suppression of lynching by making it a federal crime, the abolition of " Jim-crow" cars. He continued that all the monuments of great men in American history to Negro children are white to Negro children should be taught to have children and weference them, and also to learn the history of the African culture perhaps older than that of any modern people in literature, in art and in science. Continuing, he said: "In its economic need, the Negro should first pay heed to the cultivation of the land. I believe that the prophecy of Alexander Crumwell that the Negroes will possess the so much is fast becoming a fact that the purchase by Negroes of innumerable small farms. This is fundamental for the sustenance of the species and therefore first in the economic plan. The development of the trades is the first step in the machinery of readjustment; that is, the knowledge of how to use machinery in order to utilize the cndude products of the land. After this there must be bankers and banking, there must be insurance and insurance men, must be the development of men for the professors. Then we can "Walk in Jerusalem, just like Jude of the Negro, Speaking of the political life of the Negro, Col. Young said that one of the first things that black men and women voters understand is that they must stand up for everything Amer- and nothing else. "Not even one of our own should be supported if he is less than American. I am for the best," said Col. Young, "whether it be a black man or a white man. We must establish voters' leagues in order to teach men and women how to vote; that the cath is absolutely sacred and that its abuse degrades the one who abuses it. Negro men must be all American, they must tolerate neither murder nor lynching and more than they would tolerate the destruction of the sanctity of the homes. More force then is necessary to maintain one's self respect and to maintain the sanctity of one's home is murder. There must be education, including good manners and courtesy, if we are to develop
the highest that is within the race. There must be social centers, and social agencies, which must be used for these purposes, if we want to be the "blameless race of Ethiopia" as characterized by Herodotus.
RAILROAD BILL IN SENATE
No Clause Against "Jim-crow" Cars in Cummins Bill—The Race Demands abolition of this American Humiliation After Bloody War For World Democracy—Northern Senators Petitioned—Hearing Demanded.
Washington, D.C.—Last week saw the opening of the regular session of the 60th Congress. Our chief interest was as to "jim-crow" cars, aside from the curiosity whether President Wilson would make recommendations against injustices to the race in his message. The Cummins railroad bill was reported from the Interstate Commerce Committee on Wednesday and had no clause whatever against "jim-crow" cars. It is given the right of way. Every Northern Senator has received a petition from the National Equal Rights League to secure and support an amendment for bidding color segregation of for any grade of service because of race or color. Both Sen. Feinlingham, Republican, of New Jersey, and Sen. Walsh, Democrat, of Mass, had promised assistance. The League also on Thursday telegraphed Chairman
WARREN G. HARDING.
Cummins a request that a hearing on the matter be granted before the Interstate Commerce Committee. At a meeting of the national executive committee of the League, held Tuesday forenoon, in the vestry of Metropolitan A. M. E. church, Rev. J. G. Robinson, until recently of Chattanooga, but exiled since his "Open Letter to President Wilson" on the Washington riots, was elected National Organizer, in place of PEN. B. N. Arnold, the president and co-chairman Rev. Robinson, whose address is to be CSI Pine St. The passing duty of the race everywhere, churches, organizations and individuals, make the test on world democracy and to uphold the manhood of the race, is to at once write or telegraph Senator Cummins, chairman of Interstate Commerce Committee, U. S. Senate, Washington, D. C., to grant a committee hearing for a clause against "jim-crow" cars, and to write or telegraph U. S. senators of their state (except in the South) to move on the floor of the Senate as a support kind, and the race make this last, despathe stand against this infamy of "jim-crow" cars.
The decision reached by our National Business League at its meeting held in St. Louis in August, to
Dr. Emmett J. Scott
establish here, national headquarters, is being carried into effect. Arrangements have been perfected by the secretary of the League, Dr. Linnett J. Scott, whereby a portion of the "jim-crow" Y. M. C. A. offices, formerly occupied by Dr. J. E. Moorland and his staff of assistants during the war, shall be taken over and maintained hereafter as national headquarters of the League. The program to revive local business leagues will be a way at once and carried forward as actively as possible, the first movement in that direction has been to reorganize the Washington League.
Two months ago a local Baptist church pastor was forced to leave the city to attend it is said. Now another pastor of one of our local baptist churches is "in hot water" again because of his alleged connection with a woman other than his wife. There have been several meetings of members of the church and the "pot is boiling" at a great rate.
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FRESH OHIO NEWS
What Our People Are Doing Each Week—Church,
Personal, Social, Lodge, Literary and Musical—Marriages, Deaths, Etc.
HILLSBORO.—Mr. Zach Lewis and Miss Oma Hudson were married at Springfield, recently. We wish them happiness and success. Mrs. Pernelia Weathers died, last Tuesday afternoon. Funeral services, conducted by Rev. Tolliver, Friday afternoon, at the Baptist church of which she was a faithful member. She leaves a husband, two grandchildren, four sisters, two brothers and many friends to mourn their loss. Mrs. Teuna Denson of Indianapolis, Mrs. Creme of Jersey, Mr. Gestus Williams of Columbus attended the funeral of their sister, Mrs. Weathers.—Mr. Oliver Mitchell has been ill.—Mrs. Mae Young and Miss Ennamae left, Tuesday, for Jamestown, O, to spend the holidays.
force, Miss Kizzy White of P. burg, Mrs. Ella White and Mr. Mrs. Kent of Steubenville after the funeral of Miss Alma White fered a stroke of paralysis, recent
YOUNGSTOWN.—Mrs. Ed. W. hams visited relatives in Findlay. Mrs. Berges is slightly improved. Large number attended the kite festival of Jersey in Warren. Sunday, Mrs. Luna E.里斯 and sister, Mary Blannon, called to Braddock. Fa. by their mother's death. Mrs. J. L. Ramsey is relating in Ashbillua.—Mrs. Herman Smith of Baltimore Philadelphia have located here
CORRESPONDENTS must mail all letters for publication at their main postoffice sufficiently early on Monday (or Sunday) of each week to have them reach. The Gazette office on Tuesday morning, and always write also, their names and that of their city or town on the outside of the cappee of the carriage. Unless this latter is done proper credit cannot be given you. Lists of names, wedding presents, etc., obituary notices, inquiries for relatives and advertisements of all kinds, including items announcing entertainments to be held in the near future, must be paid for in advance at the rate of 20 cents a line, six words to a line. Our rates for display advertisements will be sent on application.
CADIZ—Prof. Harry H. Jones of Wheeling will address the Payne Brotherhood at St. James A. M. E. church, Sunday afternoon; subject, "The Inter-Racial Crisis in America."—Mr. and Mrs. James Green of Coshetton, Mr. and Mrs. Melvin Davis, Paul Thompson and Miss Katherine Thompson of Lorain and Mr. and Mrs. Howard Doubt of Stubenville were called here by the death of Mrs. Lynda Timbers.—Rev. Franklin Peters will give a poetic recital at the A. M. E. church, Friday evening. The M. E. school is arranging a cantata and treat for the children. Xmas night.—Miss Laura White of Wilber
If we cannot make the United States safe for democracy, how can we hope to do this for Europe, or for Asia, or for Africa? The business of liberation of rescue people from oppression, like charity, should begin at home. I am thinking of the riots, lynchings, and kindred outrages that have followed one another with such sickening rapidity during the past few months at Washington, Chicago, Omaha, Elaine, and elsewhere (in each instance started by southern "crackers"). Here is something for which, as citizens, we are all in some measure responsible, and against which, as good citizens, we must all fight. What can be done?
First, every one of us can and should protest. Especially is this a time when the white men, of the South and of the North, should leave no one in doubt where they stand; whether for law and order, for decency and justice and humanity, against the fundamental laws of civilization. The kind of people who make up a mob are not such as should intimidate any American who has red blood in his veins and courage in his soul. We applaud the occasional charifer who defies the members of the mob—are we sure that we should be equally brave?—Pres. James E.
usually brave! Press N. Press, Inc.
in Southern Workman, I.
institute, in Southern Workman, I.
SOME OF OUR FOLK SONGS
Played By a Great New York Musical Organization—6000 to 50.
Hampton, Va.—Dr. Frank Damrosch and his seventy singers of the Musical Art Society gave their first concert of the season in Carnegie Hall, New York, Tuesday evening. The program included a set of Christmas folk-songs that Natalie Curtis, now Mrs. Paul Burlin, collected among our people of St. Helena Island, S. C., where there are 6,000 and only 50 whites, and traces of the original African language and customs creep into the daily life. In this primitive play there are songs of the nativity which never have been heard along the mainland. There is one, for instance, called "Mary's Baby," where in Miss Curtis's arrangement—two versions are used contrastingly, and contain snech of St. Helena in directly preserve. The minor version was also the colloquial group of old women survivor of the passing generation who still wore bandana turbans and carried hackets on their heads. Reference to the "gooseal train," a familiar lot of racial imagery, forms the first song. A second song is "Dar's a Star in de Eax." Another version of this is published at Hampton Institute, but without harmonization. The third song is a "Hymn of Freedom."
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force, Miss Kizzy White of Pittsburgh, Mrs. Ella White and Mr. and Mrs. Karen of Benbouleville attended the Mint of Montreal of Mrs. Sarah Bailey of Harrisville suffered a stroke of paralysis, recently.
YOUNGSTOWN—Mrs. Ed. Williams visited relatives in Findlay—Samuel Boges is slightly improved. A large number attended the McKinley lodge anniversary celebration in Warren, Sunday—Mrs. Lula Harris and sister, Mary Blannon, were called to Braddock, Pa. by their mother's death. Mrs. J. E. Ramsey is visiting relatives in Abitabula. Mr. and Mrs. Herman Smith of Baltimore and Philadelphia have located here and are at her mother. Mrs. Margaret Simmons' Dhu DuMun will visit St. Augustine E. Chapel. Dec. 28, when confirmation services will be conducted. All interested should send their names to the vicier, 614 Parma Avenue. Mr. and Mrs. Will Rideout are in Lexington, Ky., visiting his son, William and her mother, Mrs. Mary Johns. Miss Anna Jones of Cleveland is manager of Wagne; Bros. restaurant. The Men's Business league met at the Third Baptist church, Monday evening, and is doing good work. Mrs. Melvin Ash is a new cafetier at the Belmont branch of the Y W. C. A. was largely attended and an excellent program rendered under the direction of Mrs. Andrew Johnson. The public reception day at a tern and evening, we well attended. Give the local agent order for a copy of "The Old Reiable" Gazette every week.
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OPPOSE "JIM-CROW" CARS!
Pennsylvanians of Color Petition Senators Cummins and Knox and the U. S. Senate Interstate Commerce Committee
Harrisburg, Pa.—The following resolution was adopted Dec. 4, at a citizen's mass meeting held in St. Paul Baptist church, Rev. E. Luther Cunningham, pastor, at which there was an address by William Monroe Trotter of Boston, the Afro-American delegate to the World Peace Conference. Our leading local citizens also addressed on behalf of equal rights for the project:
RESOLVED, that, in as much as the right to ride and travel in public conveyance is one of the fundamentals of free governments, and any restrictions thereon based on race, creed or color constitute class legislation of the most drastic and undemocratic kind, we, colored citizens of Harrisburg, Pa. call upon the U. S.
Wm. Monroe Troter
Senate Interstate Commerce Committee through its chairman, Senator Cummins, to enouch in the present railroad bill a clause doing away with that anomaly, that insult to a race, segregation for color in interstate travel, and to grant a hearing on such a proposal.
Also Revolved, that we, citizens of Narrickburg, assembled in St. Paul Baptist church, Dec. 4, 1919, do believe petition Senator P. C. Knox of this state to see to it that an amendment is made to the Railroad Bill, which will do away with segregation of Afro-American Interstate passenger to secure us a hearing on the matter before the Interstate Commerce Committee, and to move such an amendment to the bill when under consideration by the Senate.
RESOLVED, that the secretary, Rev. E. Luther Cunningham, send a letter with a copy of these resolutions to Senators Commons, P. C. Knox and Boise Penrose.
Rev. E. Luther Cunningham, son,
Robert J. Nelson, chairman,
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Member Ohio Legislature: 1894
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THE GAZETTE is the oldest, and has the largest bona fide circulation, double that of any newspaper in the interest of Afro-Americans, published in the state of Ohio, and comparison with any will immediately establish its rank as one of the NEWS-TEST AND BEST in the country.
10,000,000 Afro-Americans.
300,000 in Ohio.
25,000 in Cleveland.
CLEVELAND, O., DEC. 20, 1919
Col. Charles Young is making the old mistake—calling on the Congress to enact a federal anti-lynching law. The U. S. Supreme Court long ago decided that the Congress can NOT enact such legislation but that state legislatures can. Someone should tell this to the N. A. A. C. P. and N. E. R. League also.
"DEMOS"WOULD SINK MILLIONS
When the Republican Congress convened on May 19th it found awaiting it for action seven of the regular appropriation bills that the Democrats had failed to complete before adjournment of the previous session on March 4th. Those measures were promptly enacted, with a saving to the country, under the estimates submitted by the executive departments, of $1,685,000,000, and of about $940,000,000 under the amounts carried in the corresponding Democratic bills that failed of passage. Estimates are now before Congress for the regular supply bills for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1921. In them the Democratic departmental chiefs ask for total appropriations of $4,865,410,081.62. Of that huge total about $1,425,000,000 is for so-called permanent appropriations, which cannot be avoided, including interest on the public debt, and other obligations heretofore undertaken by the Government. The balance of the estimates, $3,440,000,000 for "regular appropriations," represents an increase over the amounts actually appropriated in the same bills for the fiscal year 1920 of over $404,000,000. In every case, except two the Departments have asked for increases over the amounts allotted them last year varying from about $1,400,000 in the diplomatic and consular bill to $300,000,000 in the sundry civil bill; this in spite of the fact that the country is one year further removed from the war.
TELEGRAPH SENATOR HARDING
Ohio's representatives in both branches of the Congress must know that every member of the race in the "Buckeye State" are heartily in favor of making Howard University our "great national university" and we feel sure they know why. Therefore, it only remains for our readers to write or wire their congressmen and U. S. Senators reminding them of their desires in the matter.
At the same time call their attention to the importance of seeing that the Cummins railroad bill, pending in the U. S. Senate, is so amended as to do away with the "jim crow" car segregation of the South at least so far as interstate passengers are concerned. The Madden bill or a similar one, in the shape of an amendment, should be introduced at once and we look to Senator Warren G. Harding to do this or to see that it is done.
A country that in this day and time will continue to countenance "jim-crow" cars and the disfranchisement of more than a million white and colored voters in the South is hardly the one to be trying to head movements of any kind in favor of world democracy. Republicans control the Congress and before many more months have passed will elect the Chief Executive of this nation. Then gradually will come the control of the U. S. Supreme Court. O, that it were possible to complete the control of the government by the party at the next national election! Meanwhile the Republican Congress cannot afford to fail to afford our people the relief from the undemocratic and unconstitutional "jim-crow" car laws of the South they are asking in the amending of the Cummins bill. Wire Senator Harding to introduce an amendment to it along the line of the Madden bill. Act quickly as the time is short.
MONEY NOT EVERYTHING
If there is one thing more irritating than another it is to have a southern paper like the Memphis Commercial Appeal tell our people in the South "to be patient." Indeed! Their "first name" has been patience too long now and, too, in the face of increasingly contemptible treatment when it comes to their civil rights and certain privileges which are today, in the South, freely accorded the dirty Bolshevik foreigner, the German traitor, the Mexican rebel and everything else, but denied not only to our people generally but even to our veterans of the World War some of whom have been brutally lynchmurdered when they insisted upon exercising them in a most limited way. The same paper indirectly appeals to many of our people now in this section of the country to return South saying that they will be given "every dollar they earn." Money does not happen to be all the Afro-American (or any other red-blooded American), in that or any other section of the country, wants. There are some things in this life that are held far more sacred and even more desirable (and are better) than money, even by Afro-Americans, and the sooner the Commercial Appeal and all other southerners (white) wake up to this fact and govern themselves accordingly the better for all concerned.
"WE TOLD YOU SO"!
When the editor of The Gazette, in testifying before the Councilmanic Investigating Committee, two years ago, told of the fearfully immoral and otherwise bad conditions existing in ward 11 and other parts of the city the Cleveland Daily News was among those who attempted to discredit our testimony.
At the time we warned the people of this community that, in spite of the statements of the News, certain ministers and others, under the influence, direct or indirect, of the local city administration, and the administration itself, it would not be long before they would be forced to take cognizance of the statements, facts, had given, and it was not long. Not as long as we really expected it would take. Last winter the miserable conditions we called attention to grew so much worse that an "official crime investigation", which proved all but a farce, was literally forced by them. Now comes U. S. Judge Killits, and even the Cleveland Daily News if you please, the first since the editor of the Gazette did so. two years ago, to place the blame and responsibility for the really terrible conditions still existing in Cleveland right where they belong—at the door of the Maschke-Davis administration. The "underworld" were promised an "open town" when Mayor Davis was a candidate four years ago and everybody in this city during the past four years knows that the promise has been kept—Maschke and Davis "made good!" The result? Cleveland is the mecca, and has been for more than three years, for murderers, thieves, gamblers and other denizens of the underworld, of the entire country. As a life-long Republican, who did not vote for Mayor Davis but for Hugh F. Taylor, a Republican candidate for the position, we say that Dr. Robert Bishop was entirely correct when he stated repeatedly, during the recent local campaign, that Cleveland must unload the Maschke-Davis combination (city administration) to get rid of the immoral and criminal cesspool it is and has been wallowing in for nearly four years. Donot fail to read the editorials on this subject, taken from the Cleveland News, published elsewhere in this paper.
"AN OFFICER AND A GENTLEMAN"
That "spells" Officer Jones of the third precinct.
Sunday evening, going east on a Central Ave., street-car three "crackers" undertook to "run things" beginning by "roughing" Brother Jones, never dreaming that he was a policeman because he was dressed neatly (as usual) in citizen's clothes. Even after he tried twice to get two of them to let him alone, they would not do so. Then he showed them his badge and told them he was a policeman, and still one of them persisted in "roughing" him (bumping up against him) while the other one "said things" unprintable. Twice more did Jones shove the fool away from him. Well, he was finally forced to get into action and then things began to happen quickly, artistically., beautifully, while the well-filled car of men and women (both races) looked on in admiration. Brother Jones is simply "greased lightening" when he gets started. Out shot his trusty right fist and blood spurted from the nose of the chief offender who, in spite of that, came back for another "bust" in the nose and then, whirling like a chicken after its head is cut off, like flat on his back in the rear vestibule of the car. Then his pariner, who "said things" unprintable, got into action again, and Officer Jones so quickly, skilfully and artistically straightened out his crooked nose that it looked as if blood spurted from the "busted" proboscis even before the blow was struck. Result: "crackers" sorer than ever in their lives, if not wiser. The one-third drunk cowards never even offered to
THE GAZETTE. CLEVELAND. OHIO. DECEMBER 20. 1919
strike the officer because they saw too many of our young men in the car and knew what would happen if they dared to do so. The third "cracker" thrust all this stood in the corner of the vestibule near the door trying to "pick a fuss" with an innocent-looking member of the race who would not reply to him. Jones ordered the conductor to stop the car and finally got him to do so ling enough for him to throw off one bodily and "yank" off the other two. Then the car went on. We understand that he sent two to the third precinct police station but that the third got away. Mr. John Timen, of Jack Timen's pharmacy, Central & E. 55th St., told a representative of The Gazette, the same evening, that the one that got away had appeared at the pharmacy inquiring where the station (jail) was and saying he wanted to get his parkiners out. He remarked that if they "had had that d——n—— down south they would have hung him to a pole." No doubt of it. But they were NOT "down south." Mr. Timen told him he'd better not go outside and say that loud enough to be heard or he might land on top of a telegraph pole. This was the crooked nose "cracker," Mr. Timen said. As far as the officer is concerned it was the prettiest piece of work we have ever witnessed in any car in this city and we have lived here many years. Before getting to Brother Jones two of the soundreels leered in the faces of two women (white) seated in the car, who appeared to be mother and daughter. More power to Officer Jones of the third precinct police station of Cleveland, O.
Social, Economic and Political Equality.
But it is apparent that the demand of the Negro for social, economic and political equality does not contravene any principle of American government. In fact, although social equality probably runs counter to the sentiments of the overwhelming majority of Americans, all three phases of equality are clearly deducible from the constitution and the laws. The (southern) Negro is at present the victim of a conspiracy, tolerated by the federal government, to deprive him of the right to vote and hold off his deportation helps to keep him at an economic disadvantage. It he protests against this conspiracy he is acting in complete harmony with the spirit of the American democracy.-San Francisco (Daily) Call
NOBODY SAFE BUT THE THUGS
Editorial
The winter carnival of crime is in full swing, bigger and bloodier than ever. Every day a murder mystery crops out, a body is found, a policeman is killed, a storekeeper is shot down for daring to resist robbers, citizens are beaten into insensibility by thugs, safes are stolen bodily and homes raided and robbed at will.
CLEVELAND IS RAPIDLY BE COMING SAFE FOR CRIMINALS — AND FOR NOBODY ELSE.
Last winter we had a carnival of murder and sandstorm so much worse than usual that the community actually bestirred itself a little, after long delay. We had a special grand jury investigation a "crime probe," which aimed at murdered the law and do something toward making Cleveland safe for decent people. What we actually got was the present reign of lawlessness, already more alarming than last winter's and rapidly getting worse.
For the special effort that was to redeem law and order proved a ridiculous failure. Instead of interesting itself in bandits and murderers, the special jury specialized in petty gambling and perjured testimony. It brought forth a long report and a few minor indictments. The report resulted in nothing but a one-round trial, and never brought anybody to trial. All that came of the special extra endearment to clean up Cleveland was a political row, long since forgotten. Before that, lawlessness flourished in the city because the city had never really tried to stop it. Now lawlessness flourishes as never before because the city tried its best to stop it and failed to accomplish the heals to the failure naturally noted with delight by the criminals attracted to Cleveland or developed at home through nearly twenty years of mushy sympathy for felons.—Cleveland Daily News.
A PRIVILEGE
It is a privilege to fearlessly stand for the right—
Not a sacrifice, even though you go down.
They count not the cost, who fight the good fight.
And unfinchingly face the sneer or the rrown.
Joseph C. Manning.
THE MAN WHO DARES.
"I honor the man who in the conscientious discharge of his duty dares to stand alone; the world, with ignorant, intolerant judgment, may condemn, the countenances of relatives may be averted, and the hearts of friends grow cold, but the sense of duty done shall be sweeter than the applause of the world, the countenances of relatives or the hearts of friends."—Charles Sumner.
SAVE FIFTY CENTS!
After Jan. 1, 1920, THE GAZETTE will cost two dollars a year. This is made necessary, at last, by the high cost of everything used in the printing and publishing business. If you owe for your subscription be sure to pay before the first of the new year and save fifty cents.
EDITOR.
WAR RISK INSURANCE
An Appeal To Our Soldiers To Save
It That Should Be Headed.
If all the 400,000 Afro-Americans who were in the army and navy during the World War do not keep up their War Risk Insurance it will not be the fault of our Welfare organizations throughout the country. Spurred by the fact that only about five p. c. of our soldier boys are retaining their insurance now that they are out of the service, many of our leading organizations have started renewed activity to save for them the War Risk Insurance upon which they paid premiums while in the service. The average face value of each policy carried was $8,740. Although a chance has been allowed to lapse, it has not been lost to the men under the very liberal reinstitution privileges granted veterans of the World War. Our organizations not only are offering the men information as to their insurance rights and privileges, under the provisions of the War Risk Insurance Act, but are voluntarily aiding them in again placing their insurance in good standing. These organizations are rendering valuable work in co-operating with the government after the interests of our men in the bureau of War Risk Insurance. The government does not charge a higher premium because of dangerous employment, as is customary with commercial life insurance companies. No matter how hazardous the job a
1
Lieut. J. W. Clifford
man holds, he can be protected under the terms of government insurance. A disability clause is contained in government policies for which there is no extra charge. If totally and permanently disabled for any cause, the insured may get the benefits and no longer be required to pay premiums upon his insurance. "The government is in the life insurance business only for the benefits and protection of those who safeguard the Nation in its greatest crisis," says Lieut. J. Williams Clifford, in charge of our men's interests in the Bureau of War Risk Insurance. "The Country's obligation to its fighting men did not end with the war, or when the men left the service. In discharge of an everlasting obligation Uncle Sam is offering his service men permanent insurance protection by extending to them the privilege of keeping their Government Insurance. Such an insurance policy is an asset with which to begin any career."
Every dollar of the insurance carried by our men can be reinstated by paying only two months' premiums. Only the premiums for the month of grace following discharge, when the insured was fully protected, and for the month in which the reinstatement takes place are required in order to again be fully protected. Our boys should not forget the fact that reinstatement must be made within 18 months after discharge. Premiums should be paid by check, draft or money-order, payable to the Treasurer of the United States, and sent to the Premium Receipt Section, Bureau of War Risk Insurance, Washington, D. C.
Editor Gazette. Dear Sir: In order that this office may render even greater service to the discharged colored soldiers and sailors, their wives, children, dependents, beneficiaries and J. Williams Clifford.
FACTS
People who Advertise
Can sell Goods.
People who sell Goods
Can make Money.
People who make Money
can advertise goods.
The Best Advertising
Medium is "The Old
Reliable" GAZETTE.
REMARKS ABOUT ADVERTISING
While it is true that occasional advertising will bring extra business, it is equally true that constant, persistent advertising will keep business growing during "dull days." The merchant who considers riches a burden should never advertise. His store may be like a summer resort in January. Do YOU advertise?
The merchant who never advertises under any circumstance or condition may be his job. Some posters have no desire to disturb his imagination. It's a good time to "get awake."
INFLUENZA starts with a Cold
Kill the Cold. At the first
sneeze take
HILL'S
CASCARA
QUININE
BROMIDE
Standard cold remedy for 20 years
—in adults, make sure no
paste—breaks up a cold in 24
hours—relieves grip in 3 days.
Money back if it fails.
The
grouts box has a Red
top with Mr. Hill's
picture.
At All Drug Stores
Upon the request of many readers of The Gazette we print below the text of Hon. Harry C. Smith's Ohio Civil Rights law which the editor had enacted while a member of the 71st General Assembly, in 1894:
The General Code of Ohio:
Sec. 12940. Whoever, being the proprietor or his employee, keeper or manager of an inn, restaurant, eating house, barber-shop, public conveyance by land or water, theater or other place of public accommodation and amusement, denies to a citizen, except for reasons applicable alike to all citizens and regardless of race or color, the full enjoyment of the accommodations, advantages, facilities or privileges thereof, shall be fined not less than fifty dollars nor more than five hundred dollars, or imprisoned not less than thirty days nor more than ninety days, or both.
Sec. 12941. Whoever violates the next preceding section shall also pay not less than fifty dollars nor more than five hundred dollars to the person aggrieved thereby to be recovered in any court of competent jurisdiction in the county where such offense was committed.
This law has repeatedly been held constitutional and good law by the Ohio Supreme court. The trouble is our people will not use it as often as they should, but expect it to do for them what they should and must do for themselves, under it, in the courts.
CORRESPONDENTS WANTED
The old reliable Gazette desires an active agent and correspondent in every city and town in Ohio and neighboring states having a number of Afro-American residents. Only a little time on Fridays or Saturdays is required.
We are especially desirous of hearing from persons in the following named cities: Springfield, Dayton, Piqua, Lima, O., and other places, particularly in Ohio, where we have none.
Write to the editor of The Gazette, Blackstone building, Cleveland, O., and terms will be sent promptly. Our readers will oblige us greatly by sending at once the addresses of persons in the cities named and others in the state, to whom we can write relative to the matter.
OUR LESSON
We must learn to govern ourselves and work together for our own advancement. If we do not learn to govern ourselves and work together for our own advancement, we may be very interested by others in their own interest as well as worked by others for their own advancement and not our.—George W. Blount.
PREJUDICE
"Any prejudice whatever will be insurmountable if those who do not share in it themselves truckle to it and flatter it and accept it is a law of nature."— John Stuart Mill.
PROTEST AGAINST WRONG.
To submit in silence when we should protest makes co-wards out of men. The human race has climbed on Protest. Had no voice been raised against injustice, ignorance and lust, the inquisition would serve the law, and guillotines decide our least disputes. The few who dare, must speak and speak again to right the wrongs of many. —Ella Wheeler Wilcox.
"HUMAN NATURE'S
FOULEST BLOT."
My ear is pained
My soul is sick with every day's report
Of wrong and outrage, with which the earth is filled.
There is no flesh in man's obdurate heart.
It does not feel for man: the natural bond
Of brotherhood is severed as the flax
That falls asunder at the touch of fire
He finds his fellow guilty of a skin
Not colored like his own: and having power
To enforce the wrong, for such a worthy cause
Dooms and devotes him as his lawful prey.
Thus man devotes his brother, and destroys:
Tis human nature's broadest foulest blot.
—Cowper.
PATRONIZE OHIO'S FINEST
EQUAL RIGHTS BARBER SHOP
3708 Central Ave.
FIVE CHAIRS AND A MANICURIST
In Attention
THE COMPLETE BARBER SHOP
Agency for the leading race papers
E. R. BROWN. Proprietor
4217 Cedar Ave.
HAIR CULTURIST
Kashmir and Walker Systems Hair and Skin Treatment
APPOINTMENTS PREFERRED
Pocoside 5017 J.
AND BARBER SHOP
3038 CENTRAL AVE.
One of the Best in the city. Everybody Welcome!
G. J. TATE, Proprietor.
GENTS' FURNISHINGS.
NECKWEAR.
Hosiery, Underwear and Arrow Collars and Shirts, Hats, Caps, etc
2922 CENTRAL AVE.
Phone Prospect 441 J.
3033 Central Avenue CAFE and POOL ROOM—CABARET FRANK DOCTOR, Proprietor James Mabel, Chef
Rosedale 1800 Quality Service Central 7235 R
SLAUGHTER BROS.
Funeral Directors and
Embalmers
Office and Funeral Parlors
3923 CENTRAL AVE.
Autos for All Occasions. Calls Answered Day and Night
First-Class Restaurant, Rending Room, Bath and Other Conveniences. Hall for lodge and other meetings, Gymnasium, &c. to be installed soon.
LADIES' AUXILIARY MEETS EVERY TUESDAY EVENING.
MEN'S LYCEUM FROM 4 to 6 P. M. EVERY SUNDAY.
ALL WELCOME.
NOAH ESCUE, Pres. C. MORGAN DABNEY, Fin. Sec.
LEWIS PRESTON, Treas. B. A. FOSTER, Mgr.
H. M. LOWRY, Soliciting Secretary.
HENRY L. THOMAS
Attorney and Counselor at Law
512 Superior Building Cleveland, O
Central 2251-R
ROBERT FISHER
Attorney and Counselor at Law
819 American Trust Building
Cleveland, Ohio
Tel. Central 1400-W
Office, Rose, 1412., Res., Gar. 6557
Princeton 171
Office Hours—4:30 to 7:30 P. M.
Dr. O. A. Taylor
PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON
2288 E. 49th St., Cleveland, O.
PATRONIZE C
EQUAL RIGHTS
3708 C
FIVE CHAIRS A
In Attr.
THE COMPLETE
Agency for the
E. R. BROWN
MATTIE
4217 C
HAIR C
Kashmir and Walker Systems
APPOINTMENT
Rosedale
PATR
JOE HEDGEST
AND BA
3038 CENT
One of the Best in the
CO
CENTRAL S
A RACE
G. J. TATE
GENTS' FURNISHINGS,
Hosiery, Underwear and Arrow C
2922 CENT
Phone Prospect 441-J.
Cuyahoga, O
Edward Doctor
3033 Central
CAFE and POOL B
FRANK DOCTOR
James M.
Rosedale 1800
Qual
SLAUGHT
Funeral Dia
Embal
Office and Fu
3923 CENT
Autos for All Occasions, Ca
Try Our Box Back Tailor Made Suits
Men's Suits pressed, 50c. Cleaned, $1.25. We do all kinds of alterations.
Cox Dry Cleaning & Tailoring Co.
Tailors and Dry Cleaners.
2738 Central Ave.
'Phone, Central 4069L.
Y. M.
LODGING
2364-2366 East 5
SANTAL CAPSULES MIDY
CATARRH of the BLADDER relieved in 24 HOURS
Patch Cap
sizes 4" x 4"
Beautiful country finish
J. E. WALDEN
PHENOMENAL BANJOIST
Teacher of Mandolin, Banjo and Guitar
LESSONS:
75c each. Two a week, $1.40
Concert work solicited
J. E. WALDEN
Room 9
Y. M. C. U. BLDG.
2364-66 E. 55th St.
Cleveland, Ohio.
CHIO'S FINEST
BARBER SHOP
Central Ave.
D A MANICURIST
Indance
BARBER SHOP
ading race papers
Proprietor
HUNTER
Dear Ave.
CULTURIST
Hair and Skin Treatment
PREFERRED
5217-J
DNIZE
POOL ROOM
HER SHOP
Central Ave.
City. Everybody Wel-
SHIRT SHOP
ENTERPRISE
Proprietor.
NECKWEAR,
Dollars and Shirts, Hats, Caps, etc
Central AVE.
Central 2017 K
Dining Room
Avenue
BOOM—CABARET
R, Proprietor
Nebel, Chef
Service Central 7235 R
BROS.
Directors and
Mners
General Parlors
Central AVE.
Answered Day and Night
[Name]
C.U. OR MEN. St., Cleveland, O. oom, Bath and Other Conveni-
Just the Place for You to Feel at Home
Away from the Noise of the City
Idlewild Hotel
33rd Street and Wabash Avenue Chicago; ill.
South Side Elevated, Indiana Avenue or State Street Cars Take You Within a Block of the Hotel.
All Rooms With Outside Exposure
Rates per day.....$1.00 to $ 3.00
Rates per week.....3.50 to 12.00
Twenty Rooms With Private Baths
Douglas 4676 and 4677 Auto. 74-302
Office Phones:
Main 2912; Central 1424-R
Residence, 614 E. 107th St.
Phone, Eddy 2318-J
Attorney-at-Law
Room 510, Blackstone Building
1426 West 3rd Street
Notary Public
Polish Interpreter Cleveland O
DENTIST
Office Hours:
10 a. m. to 1 p. m.
3 p. m. to 8 p. m.
Sundays by Appointment
2284 E. 55th St. Cleveland, O.
'Phone, Rosedale 6165
Bell 'Phone Rosedale 5598
Residence, Garfield 2630
Hours:
9-11 A. M.-1-3 P. M.-6-8 P. M.
Sunday's 3-5 P. M.
E. J. GREGG, M. D.
Physician and Surgeon
Special Service
Diseases of Women and Children
Office:
2322 E. 55th St., Temple Theater Bldg.
Rooms 2-3. Cleveland, O.
For the
PUREST AND BEST
MEDICINES, SODAS,
CIGARS, ETC.,
and for
Prescriptions filled by a
Registered Pharmacist is
L. A. Lesser's
DRUG STORE
2202 Scoville Ave.
The Pride of Carolina
The State Agricultural and Mechanical College of South Carolina
Orangeburg, S. C.
Next session begins September 30th and ends May 31st, 1919.
No Tuition, no Room Rent, no Charges for Water, Lights or Fuel. Entrance Fee $10.00.
Board $12.00 per Month in Advance. Books, Laundry and Personal Expenses Extra.
Every Moderate Facility, Standard Equipment, Military Discipline. A Faculty of 67 Officers and Instructors.
For information and Catalogue, Write.
R. S. WILKINSON, Pres.
Orangeburg, S. C.
BELVIN TAILORING
and
PRESSING CO.
4611 Central Ave.
DYEING, REPAIRING, CLEANING,
ETC.
Beat the high cost of living by letting
us make your old clothes new
A Good Meal
at
THE ARGONNE
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HOME-COOKING!
3341 Central Ave. 3341
Popular Prices
Jesse B. Green, Prop.
BOTH PHONES
The best prescription ever written can be spoiled by cheap drugs and carelessness in filling. The Brown Drug Co., corner of E. 28th St. and Central Ave., have filled over 100,000 prescriptions correctly. There is a reason.—Adv.
Where to Purchase The Gazette
Where to Purchase The Gazette
E. R. BROWN'S,
3708 Central Ave.
*OPEN SUNDAYS.
E. R. BR
3708
*OPEN*
NOTICE TO
Subscribers not receiving The us at once. We desire every copy
Send or bring locals and all office, 214-215 Blackstone Bldg. there, please.
We advise our readers to can vertisements before making pu tise in this paper should have the fact that they advertise is assu.
All matters for publication must be in the office by 4 p. m., latest.
The Ohio State
THE GAZETTE, Harry C. Smith
NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS
Subscribers not receiving The Gazette regularly should notify us at once. We desire every copy delivered promptly.
Send or bring locals and all business matters to The Gazette's office, 214-215 Blackstone Bldg. If you wish to see the editor call there, please.
We advise our readers to carefully examine The Gazette's advertisements before making purchases. Business men who advertise in this paper should have the patronage of our people. The fact that they advertise is assurance that they want it.
All matters for publication in current issues of The Gazette must be in the office by 4 p. m., WEDNESDAY of that week; at the latest.
Classified Advertising
... Department ...
Two single and 1 two-family houses, 2913-2915 and 2917 Ambler St., near E. 105th St. car line, Price, $6,500 for all; half cash. Street paved and paid.
Inquire at Room 5, New Court House. Jas. H. Lawrence.
CLEVELAND Social and Personal
Miss Hattie Henderson, nurse, has moved to 2271 E. 90th St. Gar. 3593-J. Mrs. Joseph Harris fell in a street-car, Wednesday, severely wrenching her back. Dr. and Mrs. E. J. Gregg, E. 95th St., are being visited by his brother from N. Y. Miss Helen Wright went to Chicago with her mother to spend Christmas. She is much improved. Tom evidently did not want any of our Cleveland lawyers as a partner in his law business. Why? Ralph Tyrler returned to Columbus, and Dr. Philip M. Johnson to Toledo, last week Monday. The latter is a former Clevelander. The bazaar and supper at St. Andrews P. E. church, last week Tuesday and Wednesday evenings, were successes. The ladies in charge of them are to be congratulated. Rea Saul A. Lucas, former resident of this city and a graduate of Gammon Theological Seminary, Atlanta, is pastor of an A. M. E. church at Decatur, Ga. Salary. $900.
You get exactly what your doctor orders when the Brown Drug Co., corner E. 28th St. and Central Ave., fills your prescription—Adv.
Mrs. Walter B. Wright, Sr., W 85th St. and, daughter, Beatrice, returned recently from a visit with Miss Edith Wright, who is engaged in Y W. C. A. work at Newport News, Va.
Donot wait for the collector to call on you, but do as many have done the past week—either call, send or mail your overdue subscription money. It is so much pleasanter.
Those advertisers want your trade. Those who do not ask for it in The Gazette certainly care little, if at all for it. Therefore, we urge our readers and all of our friends to patronize those who ask for your trade in this paper. Your year's subscription to "The Old Reliable" Gazette makes a most acceptable Xmas gift. Many of our readers, each year, take advantage of this opportunity and find the present greatly appreciated in every instance. After Jan. 1, 1920, The Gazette will be two dollars a year! If you owe for your subscription be sure to pay before the first of the new year and save fifty cents! Civil service examinations for railway mail clerks at salaries of $1,300 a year will be held, Jan. 17, in Room federal office clerks for Clearing and postoffice clerks, carriers will be held, Jan. 10. Salaries for the postoffice work range from $1,200 to $1,650.
The recent Walter White lecture, at Cory M. E. church, was a practical failure, as far as attendance goes owing undoubtedly to the failure to properly advertise his coming. church was not half his size. Ruby O'Neill proved the most enjoyable feature of the evening. She scored her usual success.
Louia V. Jones, the popular and gifted young violinist, a graduate of the New England Conservatory of Music of Boston will give a recital in Epworth Memorial church, Prospect Ave. and E. 55th St., Monday evening, Dec. 29. As this is Mr. Jones' first local concert appearance since his graduation, Cleveland's music loving public should turn out on masse to hear their native son. It will be THE musical affair of the holiday season. St. Mark's Presbyterian members and strong sermon by the pastor, Sunday, on "Why Christian" should practice their religious professions." The rite of holy communion and baptism will be observed at 11 A. M., Sunday. The S. S. has prepared the Christmas service, "Festal Bells," by Wilson.
The Helping Hand society is still working hard, and thanks the churches and friends for their assistance in helping it to secure funds with which to place Mrs. P. Campbell, 2212 E. 87th St., in the Old Folk's Home. This will be done in a few weeks says Mrs. Geo. Randolph, pres., Mrs. M. Alexander, sec. and Mrs. H. Q. Phillip, trees of the society.
Do not encourage the alleged "Nurses home" movement inaugurated by some person or persons who donot seem to know when the race has segregation enough and more. Our local nurses say they donot want any such segregation-"jim-crow" affair and feel that those trying to promote it ought to go back South where they can again get their "fill" of such "separation."
The stores up Central Ave. are charging 18 and 19 cents a gallon for a poor grade of coal-oil when you can get "Ray-o-light." the best coal-oil, for 14 cents a gallon at the var-
J. S. HALL'S
3121 Central Ave.
J. E. BRANHAM'S
4219 Central Ave.
JACKSON'S.
4401 Central Ave.
*PHILLIP LURIE,
3051 Central Ave.
FOR SALE CHEAP
jous auto stations through the city. Unreasonable increased charges for many other necessities in the home are the rule in those stores. Prices in nearly every other section of the city are lower.
Lemuel T. Boydson post served luncheon at its meeting, last week Monday. After the ladies' retired, Mr. Tholmer of the Doreo Rosevelt post, Omaha, presented "Kid" Gibbons of New York and young John Johnson of Pittsburg in a three-round exhibition bout. Next meeting, Dec. 22. Ladies invited. A program and refreshments.
All services of St. Paul A. M. E. Zion church were well attended. Sunday, the pastor preaching two forceful sermons. The annual class-leaders' rally and bazaar closed, last Friday evening, netting $1525.85. The Endeaver society took first prize for booth decorating; stewardess No. 1, second; the Y's, third; stewardess No. 2, fourth and the M. S., fifth prize.
When Prof. Stracona Williams was collecting money, some months ago, for a battleship to be presented to the government, members of Shiloh Baptist church, and possibly others, contributed. Many of them are now demanding a report from the professor as to what he did with the money. At Shiloh church, members of the Missionary society are apparently interested.
The annual banquet and election of officers of St. John's S. S. board was held recently. Officers elected P. W. Lemon, sup't; Wm. Martin, assist; Anna Hackett, treas.; Cyril Crawford, sec.; Mrs. Mary L. Slaughter, assist; Mrs. Amy Blue, sec. to sup't; Harold Taylor, librarian; John Perry and Norman Talbot, choristers; Frank Montgomery, leader of the orchestra; Mrs. Ella White, missionary committee; Mrs. Minerva Taylor, courtesy committee.
Mrs. Minerva Taylor, of the Housing Bureau, is doing splendid work. She has been instrumental in reducing the crowded conditions in her district by procuring rooms in neighborhoods further east for some of the occupants of the crowded tenements. Her office, at the Phillis Wheatley home, is the rendezvous for those requiring good housing accommodation. We trust that there is no attempt at segregation in the location of Mrs. Taylor's office.
Comrade Cardie Steele presented Lem. Boydston post with an American flag at the last meeting. Monday evening will be Xmas stum night! The evening will be filled with troops introduced by members of the post, at the Community Center, 2352 E. 40th St. The mothers, wives, sisters and widows of ex-service men are invited to be present. They are also eligible to membership in the Women's Auxiliary of the American Legion and will be asked to form an auxiliary to Boydston post.
Joseph Harris, shot recently several times and seriously wounded by F. Roy Hawkins, improves steadily at Mt. Sinai hospital. The bullet in his neck (front) has been extracted. Although Hawkins insists that he had no accomplices he is not believed. When he was taken before Mr. Harris at the hospital for identification, a few days after the dastardly deed was committed, sick as the latter was (almost dead), attendants had to hold him in the bed, such was his desire to lay hands on Hawkins.
"The Old Reliable" Gazette, Hon. Harry C. Smith, editor and proprietor, has not only been quoted in the Literary Digest and many other leading magazines and daily and weekly newspapers, for more than thirty years, but also in the *Rights Law* and Ohio's Anti-Lynching or Mob Violence law which its editor introduced and secured the passage of when a member of the Ohio Legislature in 1894 and 1896, respectively. This surpasses the record of any other Afro-American legislator—Cincinnati (O.) Union.
In a letter received this week, from Mrs. Esther Irving Cooper, of Ft. Myer, Va., were enclosed four small photos of her two lovely daughters, Kathryn and Esther. Mrs. Cooper is a native of Cleveland where most of her life was spent. She is well known to and highly esteemed by most of our older residents. For years she was stenographer in The Gazette office and has served the government at Washington, D. C., in the same capacity for many years. Her husband has been a non-commissioned officer in the army for many years, serving as a lieutenant during the World War. He is stationed at the nation's capital and connected with one of the bureaus of the war department. Mrs. Cooper is a sister of Mrs. Lottie Gordon of Gibson Ave., this city, also well and most favorably known by many of the older residents. Another sister is a resident of Little Rock, Ark.
Mob violence in whatever form and for whatever purpose was denounced as a serious menace to constitutional government in an address, Sunday afternoon, by Hugh L. Nichols, chief justice of the Ohio supreme court, before the Cleveland branch, N. A. A. C. P., in St. John's, M. A. E. church, "I have heard men denounce violence in one form and condore it in another. It is a false doctrine," Justice Nichols is said. "If officers of the law would stand their ground many a cowardly mob would see its purpose defeated. Only an awakened public conscience and respect for
THE GAZETTE, CLEVELAND, OHIO, DECEMBER 20, 1919.
law will prevent violence. Race feeling, class hatred and mob rule have no place in America. Ohio has had an effective Mob Violence or Anti-Lynching law for many years," he continued. Sure it has and only one other state in this country can boast of such a law and its law is almost a verbatim copy of the Ohio law, the work (in 1896) of a member of the race—the editor of "The Old Reliable" Gazette, pioneer in effective mob violence or anti-lynching legislation in this country. Justice Nichols also said: Ohio wrote into her organic law at a very early period certain safe-guards of fundamental justice, such as right to trial, right to know the crime one is charged with, the like, and any other form of the foundation that is a danger so far nothing that every citizen should be on guard. This in relation to mob violence. Much of his address was devoted to a review of the life and achievements of Gen. U. S. Grant, who was born in Clermont county, the birth place of Justice Nichols. Judge Manuel Levine presided.
Recently almost every car-line in the city, except the Central Ave. line, was given a new and improved running schedule. Why this discrimination against our people particularly, by the Maschke-Davis administration? Except during "rush" hours one has to wait from eight to ten minutes for a Central Ave. car and, with one or two exceptions, when they come, O, such cars! They evidently were here "when Nood showed off. Even during the "rush" (hours two and three) each" "Woodland" and "Buckeye Road cars will pass while one is waiting for a Central car. No wonder Phil Hurst (of many years age) "dubbed" those cars, "the African branch."
The editor of The Gazette acknowledges the receipt of an invitation to attend the public luncheons at the Holldenden Hotel, Dec. 5, 12 and 20, being given by the Cleveland Foundation for the purpose of hearing the findings of its Recreation Survey of the city started, last year. Last Friday at noon, Messrs. Rowland Haynes and Geo. Bellamy spoke on "Delinquency and Spare Time the Sphere of Private Organization." Yesterday, Messrs. Raymond Moley and Wm. G. Evans discussed "Commercial Recreation in Cleveland" and "Making Baseball Safe for Americans," respectively. All of the speakers are specialists in their knowledge of recreation activities. The survey findings will be published in seven monograms ought to finish in the every month. Address all inquiries to Mr. Raymond Moley, director of the Cleveland Foundation, 1215 Swetland Bldg., city. This organization is a positive benefit to Cleveland. Information of vital importance to the city has been assembled in this recreation survey.
Last Thursday, another member of the Jewish race was appointed an assistant police prosecutor. This makes two or three in that department alone. This is the position that was refused a member of the race (R. R. Checks, Esq.) over three years ago by Mayor Davis and altho there have since been four or five similar vacancies, the Maschke-Davis administration (Maurie Maschke is a Jew) has steadily refused to give an Afro-American one of the four appointments in that branch of the city's service. The same thing that causes the administration to refuse our people this small appointment is what caused it to "dump" Alex. H. Martin, our candidate for a "Muny" judgement at the court. And Mayor Harry I. Davis is an avowed candidate for governor of Ohio next year. Good Lord! Four years mayor of Cleveland and during those four years he has also steadily refused to appoint an Afro-American to a clerkship in the city hall.
The reappearance of "The Birth of a Nation" in some of the cheaper picture houses called for an emphatic protest to Gov. Cox. The national office was notified and added their protest with the result that the objectionable film was definitely withdrawn from the state—Cleveland Branch Bulletin, N. A. A. C. P.
The foregoing is misleading and does NOT leave a truthful impress. The fact is the result referred to had been accomplished by wire by the editor of The Gazette before the "Cleveland branch" got started in the matter and "the national office notified." It is about time the N. A. A. C. P. and some of its branches abandoned its old of the claiming all or even out of the of for things it or they have NOT done needed to do. "The Old Reliable" Gazette secured the "definite withdrawal" of "The Birth of a Nation" without assistance from the N. A. A. C. P. or any of its branches some time previous to the "reappearance" referred to.
"The Cleveland police force needs more men and needs them at once," declared Chief Frank W. Smith, Monday, in issuing an appeal to the public to aid in increasing the number of recruits. It is true that the pay for the first year, $1,500, is not high, but at the end of the first year it amounts to $1,800, and after three years' service the policeman is entitled to take examinations that lead to higher rank and higher pay. The long hours in the department have been abolished. The job is now one of an eight-hour day, giving plenty of time for recreation. After twenty-five years' service the policeman can retire on a pension ranging from $65 to $125 a month. If he should move to memorial service, $5,000 lump sum pension for his widow, together with a life pension for her and other pensions for his children until they reach the age of 16. There are very few positions in other lines of work that do as well by a man. I would direct attention of members of the American Legion to the openings on the force for returned soldiers. They are the kind of men we would like to have. The medical examination is not as strict as that of the army." Our soldier boys and others should take advantage of this opening.
Opposed to Segregation
My dear Mr. Smith.—You will do me a great favor if you will in the next issue of The Gazette answer negatives concerning me in the Deyr. 5th issue.
Trusting you will grant the above request, I am Sincerely, Hazel E. Mountain, 2181 E. 80th St.
We stand ready at all times to replace any dentistry that does not give perfect satisfaction to the patient. We use only the very best dental materials money can buy. Therefore, the work must be right, and we personally guarantee it. Our specialized bridge work stays permanently in place.
DARTING, PIERCING SCIATIC PAINS
Give way before the penetrating effects of Sloan's Liniment
So do those rheumatic twinges and the loin-aches of lumbago, the nerve-inflammation of neutritis, the wry neck, the joint wrench, the ligament sprain, the muscle strain, and the throbbing bruise.
The case of applying, the quickness of relief, the positive results, the cleanliness, and the economy of Sloan's Liniment make it universally preferred. 35c, 70c, $1.40.
Sloan's Liniment
Keep it handy
The Douglass Club
For
Political & Social
Advancement
LOGAN OWENS, Treasurer.
2828 Central Ave.
Cleveland, O.
W. W. MAY
Carpenter-Builder
Screening & General Repairing a Specialty
'Phone, Gar. 6049-J.
The Temple Theatre
E. 55th St. and Central Ave.
Friday, Dec. 19. Tom Moore in "Speed Maniac." "Carter Case," No. 10.
Saturday, Dec. 20. Mary Pickford in "Captain Kid, Jr." "Smashing Barriers," No. 8.
Sunday, Dec. 21. John Barrymore in "Test of _____" "Elmo, the Mighty," No. 16.
Monday, Dec. 22. Wm. Russell in "Eastward, Hol."
Tuesday, Dec. 23. Wm. Farnum in "The Last of the Duanes." "Bound and Gagged," No. 7.
Wednesday, Dec. 24. Special—"The Girl from Outside."
Thursday, Dec. 25. Special—"Trueheart Sussie," Pearl White, No. 2.
MAIN THEATRE
O. E. Belles, Manager.
Scovill Ave, and E. 25th St.
Friday, Dec. 19. **OLIVE**
TELL in "The Trap." Also
"Vod-Vill." No. 4 and a Larry
Semon comedy, "Dull Care."
Admission, Children 6 and 11c;
adults 17c.
Saturday, Dec. 20. **WM.**
FARNUM in "Last of The
Duanes." A wonderful photoplay;
don't fail to see it. Also Fatty
Arbuckle in "The Sheriff." Admission, Children 6 and 11c;
adults 17c.
Sunday, Dec. 21. **PEGGY**
HYLAND in "The Merry-Go-
Round." Also CLEO MADI-
SON in "The Great Radium
Mystery." No. 8.
Monday, Dec. 22. MAE
MURRAY in "What Am I Bid?" Also Geo. Seitz in "Bound and
Gagged." No. 9. Admissor jr.
Children 6 and 11c; adults 17c.
Tuesday, Dec. 23. ALICE
BRADY in "The Death Dactet." Also Pearl White in "The Black
Secret." No. 6, and "African Lions and American Beauties"
Admission. Children 6 and 11c;
adults 17c.
Wednesday, Dec. 24. DORO-
OTHY GISH in "Boots." Some
e picture; don't miss it! Also
James J. Corbett in "The Mid-
night Man." No. 14.
Thursday, Dec. 25. HARRY
MOREY in "The Darlest Hour." Also Wm. Duncan in
"Smashing Barriers." No. 13.
Maternity 1:30 o'clock.
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MULSION
(VER OIL)
Drug Store
Central Ave.
STORES
title.
RED!
Dark Skin
Finishing Cream)
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Complexion
INCED
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RACTION
For COLDS and COUGHS
SEALEAF EMULSIC
(THAT CHOCOLATE COD LIVER OIL)
Sale Agent
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2300 E. 55th St., cor. Central Ave.
ALSO AT ALL DRUG STORES
$1.00 the Bottle.
DISCOVERY
An Ideal Bleach for Dark St
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Removes Freckles and Tau
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PRICE 50 CENTS
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Corner Scovill and E. 46th Street
Cleveland
PAINLESS EXTRACT
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2300 E. 55th St., cor. Central Ave.
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2288 E. 55th STREET
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OPPOSED TO PAIN
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At The Royal Inn
2288 E. 55th STREET
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PATRONAGE CORDIALLY SOLICITED
'Phone for reservations—Rosedale, 5409
Business Men's Lunch from 11:30 A. M. to 2 P. M., 40 cents.
Dinner, from 5:30 to 8:30 P. M., 60 cents. Sunday dinner $1.00
Every Friday Evening Will Be Ladies! Souvenir Night.
Hale, 5409
to 2 P. M., 40 cents.
Sunday dinner $1.00
F Souvenir Night.
Phone for reservations—Rosedale, 5409
Business Men's Lunch from 11:30 A. M. to 2 P. M., 40 cents.
Dinner, from 5:30 to 8:30 P. M., 60 cents. Sunday dinner $1.00
Every Friday Evening Will Be Ladies! Souvenir Night.
Don't Forget to be Present and Get One.
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Nickens & Fitzgerald
Undertakers and Funeral Direct
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utzgerald
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TUBERCULOSIS
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Don't Throw Away Your Copy of THE GAZETTE After Reading it, but Give It to a Friend or an Acquaintance who Might Subscribe after Reading a Copy of It
Insists Upon Exercising/ His Rights As A Man and Citizen
Fighting Prejudice in the District of Columbia Supreme Court Restaurant To Honor Grimke-"Jim Crow" Negroes Again—Manning
Washington, D. C.-Prof. Neval H. Thomas, a member of the faculty of the M St. High School here for our students, lived for some years, in his younger days, in Cleveland, O. This undoubtedly explains, at least in part, his splendid work told at length in the following. What a pity the race has not more MEN and women of his type here and elsewhere in the North! We are watching to see how many of the "big Negroes" here are going to his assistance in this fight for the race The Grimkes, Prof. Kelly Miller Judge Terrell, Prof. Geo. W. Cook Prof. Roscoe C. Bruce and a score of others are being watched to see what if any part they take in this contest: For a month, or more, Prof. Thomas, has been fighting the Justices of
P. B.
Judge Robert H. Terrell
the District Supreme Court to make them open the restaurant in the Court House to colored lawyers, litigants, and the public in general. His efforts have been met with all sorts of subterfuges, but Mr. Thomas is not the one to be set aside, or fooled by subterfuges. Two colored ladies, litigants in the Court, were recently refused before a large crowd of white people when they repaired to the restaurant for lunch. Mr. Thomas did not want to bring their names into the controversy, since they had a case to be decided by these same judges who were thought to be responsible for the discrimination. So he went down to test it last week, to get his own case. He was given three excuses in the name of the Court, namely that the restaurant was for a "Bar Association," that the restaurant to equip a colored restaurant, and that colored people could not be served by order of the Court. Mr. Thomas sent three vigorous letters to the Court denying its right to exclude colored people from any of the privileges of the Court House, or to give over our public building to any white "Bar Association" to which all lawyers could not belong, or to insult the colored people and degrade the Court by establishing a colored restaurant. He received a written assurance from the chief justice that the discrimination would cease, and that the colored public would get "equal service" there. He went again this week, suspecting the weakness of that "equal service" phrase, and found that a colored restaurant had been established with a screen at the door. He demanded service in the main restaurant, and received an apology for not being civil to the justice that he deared him to come in and remove him, or even ask him to go over to the "jim-crow" room. When seen by our representative, Mr. Thomas said:
"Yes, it is true that I made two tests of the Court House restaurant, and received service after challenging the justice to physical combat. I then went to the Chief Justice and told him that there would be an ugly scene if I were ever insulted again, that the colored lawyers and litigants were losing confidence in the Court, and that it could not discriminate in any portion of the building without staining its toga and sullying its sacred ermine. I told him that there could be no such thing as injustice upstairs and justice down-stairs; that if the Court could take away my civil rights on the second floor it could take my property rights on the first floor, or become the 13th member of a prejudiced white jury and take away my life.
"The Chief Justice then suggested the abolition of the restaurant altogether, but I told him that we could only consider that a spineless concession to prejudice. He denied all knowledge of the creation of the "jim-crow" adjunct, so I told him that the manager of the restaurant was remarkably accurate in her prophesy, as she told me that the Court was going to open it, as I had been contending for a month with the Court, and was receiving replies which I deemed evasive. He then told me what a fine person of courage he error. I told him that all white people like colored "men" who gave them no trouble about that distasteful subject of Negro rights.
"He promised me to take up the matter with the full bench of six justices, so I told him I would be on hand to test the case again. The colored people should go there now and then to show the community that we have
rights there. I told the justice I was protesting although I was his subordinate in the public shools of which he is head, but that he could have my job, imprison me for contempt of court, or do anything else to me he wished." Good!
Although both branches of the congress have Republican majorities the restaurants of the House and Senate refuse our people alone of all the local public and visitors from out of the city. This and like discrimination, on top of the defeat of the Madden bill to pipe out "jim crow" cars as far as they affect interstate passengers, has not improved the morale of our people of this city and the country, to say the least. Southern "jim crow" Negroes are said to have helped to kill the Madden bill by writing to U. S. Senators and saying that its passage would cause much blood-letting in the southland. Lord, have mercy!
DU BOIS. A SOCIALIST?
Mr. Steve Mason, of Bloomfield, Ky., writing The Gazette, recently, said: "I notice DuBois' article on reconstruction. It is alright until he gets to the point where he advises our people to scratch the ticket. If I understand, he wants our people to
We understand that Dr. W. E. B. DuBois, editor of the Crisis, is a Socialist. If this be the case, he was undoubtedly indirectly trying to boost the interests of his party rather than those of the Democratic party. In either case he would be wasting his time, as far as our people are concerned, because if ever there was a time when they want nothing of either the Socialist or Democratic parties it is now. Our experiences, as a race, at home and abroad, during and since the World War, have been such as to make all of our voters actually yearn for an opportunity to vote the Republican ticket, especially in a national election. Editor DuBois showed our people, last year in June, at Washington, D. C., that, the highly educated and able, he was not always a safe leader by any means.
MAGNETIZED TOOL HELPS
Screwdriver Is Big Acid To The Auto Repair Mant
"I magnetized a screwdriver by holding it close to a dynamo for a few minutes, nearly two years ago, and it is still my most valuable helper when I do repair work on my car," says a worker in the Electrical Experimenter.
"It is a great help when working around the car to have this magnetized screwdriver pick up screws and small pieces of machinery which drop down inside, out of reach.
"In setting screws it is invaluable; simply pick up the screw by touching the head with the magnetized screwdriver, and it may instantly set in place with only one hand. It does away entirely with the annoyance of the screw shipment and getting lost, as it so often does. I always carry it in the tool box, and find the other fellow approches it when I find him having car troubles on some lonely bit of road."
Tres Marias Islands
There is probably no part of America that most Americans know less about than this group of islands off the West Coast of Mexico near San Blas. Despite the name, there are four islands in the group, called Maria Madre, Maria Magdalene, Maria Clea and San Juanito. Although they have been known ever since 1532 these islands have been inhabited only about a century, and support but a scant population now. Every summer terrific storms sweep over them, bringing deluges of wind-driven rain. These storms beat crops to pieces just as they are coming to ripeness, and also make it impossible for ships to reach the islands in months at a time. These storms, by preventing agriculture and interrupting transportation, have doomed the Tres Marias to remote a wilderness.
The islands, the largest of which contains over a hundred square miles, are owned by a single man, and despite their arid and storm-wrecked character, he has made them profitable holdings. In the first place, they were originally covered with forests of valuable Spanish Cedar, especially the slopes of the maina mountain ridge of Maria Madre. This resource has now been almost exhausted by continuous cutting. The only other thing of any considerable value on the island is a string of salt lagoons, from which great quantities of salt are born every year. The Tres Mariahes have a well-night perfect winter climate—warm, dry and breezy. Although tropical they are so dry that there are no dense jungles, and they are a healthy place to live.
Sailors it consider very unlucky to point toward another ship. It is their custom to nod toward it, or to indicate its presence otherwise, but never to point.
In the English city of Chester the man who fails to raise his hat when a funeral is passing becomes liable to be arrested before a mastrate and imprisoned.
THE GAZETTE, CLEVELAND, OHIO, DECEMBER 20, 1919.
3056
3056—For this attractive style one could use cotton or silk crepe, crepe de chine, volle, dimity, dotted Swiss, china silk or albatross. The fullness of the fronts is held by belt sections which are crossed at the centre. A sash may be finished in wrist or elbow length.
The Pattern is cut in 4 Sizes: Small, 32-34; Medium, 36-38; Large, 40-42, and Extra Large, 44-46 inches bust measure. Size Medium will require $4\frac{1}{4}$ yards of 36 inch material.
A pattern of this illustration matted to any address on receipt of 11c in silver or 12c and 26 stamps.
3052
A PRETTY DRESS FOR THE GROWING GIRL
A PRETTY DRESS FOR THE GROWING GIRL
3052—blue serge, velvet or taf
fota could be used for this model
It is nice also for gingham, lawn
chambray, plaid or checked suiting
gabardine, ropp, poplin and linen
The sleeve may be in wrist length
finished with a cuff.
A pattern of this illustration
mailed to any address on receipt or
31c in silver or 1c and 2c stamps.
31555
A SMART FROCK FOR MOTHER'S
GIRL
30417—Here is a style good for
ropp. Jinen, gingham, vambray,
poplin, gairdane, cordrhy or velvet.
The shield may be omitted;
the shave may be finished in wrist
or elbow length. The dress is made
to slip on over the head but ad-
ditional opening may be arranged
under the plait.
The Pattern is cut in 4 Sizes: 4,
6, 8 and 10 years. Size 8 requires
3½ yards of 36 inch material.
A gather of this illustration
mailed to any address or receipt of
1£ to a gift of 1£ and 2£ shirts.
ASPIRIN-A Talk
Take Aspirin only as told by "Bayer"
Aspirin is trade mark of Bayer Manufacture Monocetecicidester of Salicylicacid
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The name "Bayer" identifies the true, world-famous Aspirin prescribed by physicians for over eighteen years. The name "Bayer" means genuine Aspirin proved safe by millions of people. In each unbroken package of "Bayer Tablets of Aspirin" you are told how to safely take this genuine Aspirin for Colds, Headache, Tooth-
Eye Drill For Air Men
The royal air force of England has instituted an eye-drill that has made many splendid pilots out of men who otherwise would have been useless. It was discovered that a large percentage of men only use one eye at the time, and in the early days pilots were not tested for eye balance. Many men were then passed into the air service who could never land correctly. When these deficiencies were discovered a school was formed and under an eye specialist twice a day airmen undergoing the cure were paraded for eye drill and taught how to use both their eyes at the same time. The result was that 35 percent of men who would have been had pilots become good ones in a little white — Chicago Tribune.
The artist was painting a sunset Red, with blue streaks and green dots were scattered over the canvas. The old rustic, at a respectable distance, was watching.
"Ah," said the artist, looking up suddenly, "perhaps to you, too, nature has opened her sky pictures page by page? Have you seen the lambent flame of dawn leaping across the livid east; the redtainted sulphurous islets to be washing in the lake of fountains to be midnight, black as raven's wings, blotting out the shuddering moon?" "No," replied the rustic shortly; "not since I signed the pledge."
Love And Starvation
A girl dreams of being loved madly, wildly, desperately. But few get that kind of husband. Perhaps it's just as well. They kind ain't got no time to work.—Louisville Courter-Journal.
Sufferer—I have a terrible toothache and want something to cure it.
Friend—Now, you don't need any medicine. I had toothache yesterday, and I wont home and my loving wife kissed me and so consoled me that the pain soon passed away. Why don't you try the trick?"
Sufferer—I think I will. Is your wife home now?—Vancouver Daily Province.
"I'm going to drive into the city with you today, John," said Mrs. Maxwell. "I want to do a little shopping."
"I understand your strategic plans," answered her husband. "The drive is to be followed by a counter-attack."—TJ-Bits.
Farmer (after the patriot has milked his first cow)—Well, friend, you've learned something you never knew before, hey?
City Chap—Verly, brother! I've just learned that the person who says a cow gives milk is a liar.—Buffalo Express.
"Is this a fast train?" asked the traveler, of the conductor.
"Of course it is," was the reply.
"I thought it was. Would you mind my getting out to see what it is fast to?"—Pearson's Weekly.
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Always say "Bayer" when buying Aspirin. Then look for the safety "Bayer Cross" on the package and on the tablets.
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ST. FERDINAND AVE.
AGENTS WANTED
t Apparatus for Teaching the
p and Hair Culture
of Beautv Culture
Diplomas Given
Write Today for Further Information
"PORO" COLLEGE
IN POMADEN
Grows Y
Long, Soft
Lots of H
—Brillia
Pliant—f
beauty is y
ply to you
St. Louis, Mo.
MADE HAIR DRESSING
Brows Your Hair
ing, Soft, Straight
Lots of Hair—Fluffy—So
—Brilliant—Straight
Pliant—full of life and
beauty is yours if you a
ply to your hair a little
Lots of Hair-Fluffy-Soft Brilliant-Straight Pliant-full of life and beauty is yours if you apply to your hair a little
HEROLIN
Pomade Ha It also stops itch druff, removes ter and scalp di
made Hair Dressing
to stops itching scalp, dand
removes ringworm, te
and scalp disorders.
most satisfying. A scientific won-
Straightens out the kinkiest h
aking it nice, long and velvety, of
easily do it up in any style.
Agents wanted everywhere. Barb
trade urgently solicited. Writer
particulars. Send 25c in stamps or co
cine Co. Atlanta
Georgia
MRS.L.S.BRAD
It also stops itching scalp, dandruff, removes ringworm, tetter and scalp disorders.
ding it, but Giv ing a Copy of
PALMERS
SKIN SUCCESS
~SOAP~
FERDINAND AVE.
WANTED
unching the
Hair Culture
diplomas Given
Louis, Mo.
HAIR DRESSING
Your Hair
Straight
Hair—Fluffy—Soft
Hair—Straight—
Full of life and
vours if you ap-
r hair a little
ir Dressing
ning scalp, dan-
ringworm, tet-
sorders.
g. A scientific wonder
s out the kinkiest hair
long and velvety, of an
in any style.
ed everywhere. Barbers'
only solicited. Write for
send 25c in stamps or coin.
CO. Atlanta
Georgia
MRS.L.S.BRADLEY
8241 Preble Ave. Cleveland, O. Has Houses For Sale or To Rent
but Give Copy of It