The Gazette

The South Rotten With Peonage! IN UNION IS STRENGTH THIRTY-EIGHTH YEAR Caterers' Association Annual May Day (Informal) at CHAMBER OF COMMERCE Public Square MONDAY EVENING, MAY DANCING FROM 8 P. M. TO 1 SPECIAL FEATURES—Cash prizes most beautiful ladies! ROY NOBLE'S SOCIETY ORCHARD Admission, $1.00 PATRONIZE THE SILVER GRILL RESTAURANT 3921 CENTRAL AVE. Good Food At Reasonable Price Open All Night. ALSO, THE MINT RESTAURANT 3810 Central Ave. THE B-BAR First Class Ladies' and Gents' Shining Novelty Store. Cigars, Tobacco, Lady in Attendance E. W. BASS, Pro- 2824 Central Ave., Cleveland Thompson & West Electric Consortium Just before Spring, have that house wired. Spare house wiring and fixtures. Prompt service and Reasonable prices. Terms to suit every Thompson & West Electric Consortium 2426 Central Ave. Cleveland Central 3409-L Our Prices are LOW General Upholstering Furniture manufacturers of Beautiful Upholstered Living Furniture We sell all kinds of furniture, including Tables. Our Furniture is Guaranteed 6301 Woodland Ave., Clifton Living Room Sets Made to Owner Phone Princeton 1661-L Caterers' Association Annual May Dance (Informal) at CHAMBER OF COMMERCE HALL Public Square MONDAY EVENING, MAY 16, 1921 DANCING FROM 8 P. M. TO 1 A. M. SPECIAL FEATURES—Cash prizes to the three most beautiful ladies! ROY NOBLE'S SOCIETY ORCHESTRA Admission, $1.00 THE SILVER GRILL RESTAURANT 3921 CENTRAL AVE. Good Food At Reasonable Prices Open All Night. ALSO, THE MINT RESTAURANT 3810 Central Ave. H. Nicholas. Prop. THE B-B First Class Ladies' and Gents' Shining Parlor and Novelty Store. Cigars, Tobacco, Candies Lady in Attendance E. W. BASS, Prop. 2824 Central Ave., Cleveland, O. Thompson & West Electric Construction Co. Just before Spring, have that house wired. Special rates on old house wiring and fixtures. Prompt service and expert workmen. Reasonable prices, terms to suit everyone. Thompson & West Electric Co. 2426 Central Ave. Central 3409-L Cleveland, Ohio Free Estimates Our Prices are Low General Upholstering Furniture Co. manufacturers of Beautiful Upholstered Living Room Furniture We sell all kinds of furniture, including Talking Machines. Our Furniture is Guaranteed! 6301 Woodland Ave., Cleveland. Living Room Sets Made to Order Phone Princeton 1661-L Be Beautiful! by retaining your youthful beauty, by REMOVING BLEMISHES from your skin and becoming more can be done by using El Naturis Toilet Prepara which contain NO ANIMAL FATS but are VEGETABLE OILS AND EXTRACTS. by retaining your youthful beauty, by REMOVING UNSIGHTLY BLEMISHES from your skin and becoming more attractive. This can be done by using El Naturis Toilet Preparations which contain NO ANIMAL FATS but are compounded from VEGETABLE OILS AND EXTRACTS. El Naturis Products do not produce a magic transformation, changing one from old age to youth in a night, but is the result of years of scientific investigation and careful selection of THE BEST VEGETABLE OILS AND EXTRACTS from oil coming from all parts of the earth and carefully blended together producing that FOOD NECESSARY in cleansing the pores and STIMULATING THE WORN SKIN TISSUES, THEREBY AIDING NATURE in its work in producing new life in the skin. do not produce a magic transformation, change age to youth in a night, but is the result of yea vestigation and careful selection of THE BE OILS AND EXTRACTIONS from oil coming from al and carefully blended together producing that SARY in cleansing the pores and STIMULATI SKIN TISSUES, THEREBY AIDING NATURE producing new life in the skin. AGENTS WANTEB EVERYWHERE Parma Toilet Specialty 2239 E. 49th St. Parma Toilet Specialty Co. 2239 E. 49th St. Cleveland, Ohio. The Anchor Accident & Life Insurance Co. Organized in the State of Ohio, whose Home Office is Cleveland, has been granted license (by the State Commissioner of Securities) to sell its Stock. The ORIGINAL Stockholders in life insurance companies have earned a larger return on their money than in any other form of investment. Life insurance stock is a time-tested investment. Large buildings, big dividends and millions of dollars worth of assets stand as a monument to the productiveness of this kind of investment. This is the first opportunity offered to the people of Ohio to be stockholders, to own and control a real big life insurance company. This kind of opportunity does not knock at your door, every day. Take advantage of it and buy as much stock as you can while you can and be an ORIGINAL stockholder with the Anchor Life. Make this your company, the pride of Ohio! You cannot buy stock in any insurance company after it gets started. INVEST NOW Terms, $15.00 per share; twenty per cent cash, balance on easy payments. For further information address, G. L. CHEATHAM Anchor Life & Accident Insurance Company 2316 E. 55th St. Cleveland, Ohio THE GAZETTE ESTABLISHED AUGUST 25,1883 And Issued Every Week on Time Since CLEVELAND, OHIO, SATURDAY, May 7, 1921 FRESH OHIO NEWS WRITTEN BY THE OLD RELIABLE GAZETTE'S CORRESPONDENTS THROUGHOUT THE STATE What Our People Are Doing Each Week—Church, Personal, Social, Lodge, Literary and Musical—Marriages, Deaths, Etc. CHRICHCSVILLE.—Rev. and Mrs. Pemberton were able to be here Sunday. The sermons were inspiring and uplifting as usual. Large crowd in attendance. Mr. Charlie King is visiting his wife in New Castle, Pa.—Mrs. Laura Olmstead, and Miss Virginia Payne attended the funeral of their uncle, Mr. Allen Brown in Cadiz, Sunday.—Miss Imogene Moore is at Lima.—Miss Jolee Pence is Dover, is visiting her sister, Mrs. Flora Clark.—Miss Lille Bell Jones is also visiting in Dover.—Miss Nettle Adkins is visiting her daughter at Tappan.—C. M. Johnston of Scio visited James Adkins. Saturday.—Mr. George Robinson has moved to Dover.—Miss Mary Thomas was in Dover last week. was entertained by Mr. and Mrs. L Young.—Second Baptist chur services. Sunday, were largely attended.—Rev. Mathias, and Ch Nelson of Wilberforce were entwined at a six o'clock dinner and Mrs. W. L. Tolliver. WASHINGTON, C. H.—Mr. Arnold of Jeffersonville visited Mr. Mary Randolph. Monday.—Mr. Ruby Stewart of Wilmington was also visiting in Dover.—Mrs. Nettle Adkins is visiting her daughter at Tappan.—C. M. Johnston of Scio visited James Adkins. Saturday.—Mr. George Robinson has moved to Dover.—Miss Mary Thomas was in Dover last week. WASHINGTON, C. H.—Mr. Arnold of Jeffersonville visited Mr. Mary Randolph. Monday.—Mr. Ruby Stewart of Wilmington was also visiting in Dover.—Mrs. Nettle Adkins is visiting her daughter at Tappan.—C. M. Johnston of Scio visited James Adkins. Saturday.—Mr. George Robinson has moved to Dover.—Miss Mary Thomas was in Dover last week. CADIZ.—Earl Linder is visiting his parents, Mr. and Mrs. Alonza Howard.—Rev. G. H. Cotton is visiting his family in W. Jefferson.—Mr. Allen Brown, age 79, who died Saturday, was buried, Monday, from St. James A. M. E. church, Revs. Cotton and W. H. Lucas officiating.—Mrs. Mary Burke, husband and Edw. Brown of Pittsburgh were called here by their father's death.—Mrs. Susan E. Lee of Wheeling is visiting her son, Benj. S. Lee. Hard Fletcher Lee and Melvin Mason Christian school, may graduate from the School, May (Good Edw.)—Miss Edna Williams of Steubenville is here visiting relatives.—The M. S. will meet at the parsonage, Thursday evening. CORRESPONDENTS must mail all letters for publication at their math postoffice sufficiently early on Monday (or Sunday) of each week to have them reach The Gazette office on Tuesday morning, and always write also, their names and that of their city or town on the outside of the wrapper about returned copies. Unless this latter is done, proper credit cannot be given you. Lists of names, wedding presents, etc., obituary notices, inquiries for relatives and advertisements of all kinds, including items announcing entertainments to be held in the near future, must be paid for in advance at the rate of 25 cents a line, six words to a line. Our rates for display advertisements will be sent on application. WILMINGTON. —The Second Baptist B. Y. P. U. rendered an excellent program, Sunday evening, Mrs. M. C. Duggar presiding. Claudie Marshall named all the books of the new testament in order and reverse. He is certainly a bright boy. —Either, Bertha, Carl and Frank Chapman motored to Xenia, Wednesday, Marcus, Carl and Chas. Chapman wore in Columbus, last week. —Mr. and Mrs. Calvin Strange, Mr. and Mrs. W. G. Peters and Oscar Strange of Plqua were at Mrs. Moore's, Sunday. —Gladys and Ella. Tolliver, Maurine and Wm. Duggar were entertained at dinner, Sunday, by Mr. and Mrs. Garrett' while Wm. Tolliver Leaps Into Millionaire Class! Guthrie, Okla.-Marion Gaines, last week, won title to 85 acres of land in the heart of the new Love County oil field and it appears that he has "a lead-pipe cinch" on another 54 arc piece that is even more valuable. Mr. Gaines' parents were freedmen Creeks and the land was acquired by grant from the government. It seems that a lease to the land was given by the father of Marion to a ranch owner but that the lease had long since expired. Being "Indian land" and non-taxable it now reverts to Marion, sole heir. Oil leases in that part of the state just now are very valuable; one recently sold for $600,000. Gaines has been in the restaurant business here and has shown much ability as a live business man. Over 25 Lynched, This Year. Washington, D. C.—Sixty colored and nine white persons were lynched in this country last year, and there have been twenty lynchings, this year. Senator Medill McCormick of Illinois told the senate judiciary committee, last week Tuesday. He urged the state to orobably and without delay his bill for the creation of a national commission to investigate mob violence, etc. TO OUR PATRONS. When writing to or making purchases of any of our advertisers, please mention The Gazette. was entertained by Mr. and Mrs. Ed Young. Second Baptist church services, Sunday, were largely attended. Rev. Mathias. and Chas. Nelson of Wilberforce were entered at a six o'clock dinner by Rev. and Mrs. W. L. Tolliver. WASHINGTON, C. H. — Mr. Arnett Lane of Jeffersonville visited Miss Mary Randolph. Monday. — Miss Ruby Stewart of Wilmington was "Miss Loola Gaines" guest. Wilberforce orchestra entertainment at the High School auditorium. May 24. John Penn of Columbus, Erna Woodford. Wm. Jones and Sherman Ryan of Wilmington were here. Capt. Chas. and Mrs. Colwell and Mr. Joe Glasgo motored from Columbus, Saturday, to visit Mr. and Mrs. Jas. Covington. Messrs. Glover and Faulkner of Columbus called on Chas. E. Vivens. this week. — Miss Edna Rite of Frankfort is visiting Miss Gortrude Riley. The A. M. E. stewardess servel lunch in the church hall. Thursday, and the Ladies' Aid, dinner and supper, Saturday. Mrs. Betty Twain is in Orlando with Ted Stansley. Mrs. Jesse Stanley and little daughter, Mary, were in Frankfort. Sunday, to visit her mother. — Mrs. Chas. Woodson and daughter, Ruth, went to Selma to get Mrs. Gordon, who will be their guest for an indefinite period. HILLSBORO.—Baptising, Sunday.—Alen of Allen WI, will preach the sermon.—Mr. Charles Black visited in Cincinnati and Springfield, recently.—Mrs. Nellie Carlisle entertained the Rosebud society, Friday evening.—Mrs. Lucinda Colter, Mrs. Randolph, Mrs. Mae and Jane Young are ill.—Mr. Jas, Kilgour, is better.—Miss Ada Williams' of, spent the week-end with Miss Burnice Hudson.—Mrs. Francis Morgan went to Xenia, Saturday to visit relatives. She was enroute home to Springfield.—Bolden was ill this week.—Miss Matilda was the guest of Mr. and Mrs. Brize McKinney.—Mrs. Gertrude Christy entertained Josephine Harris, Helen and Bernardine Johnson, Virgil Paxton; Roy Trimble, John Culberson and Alvin Garret, of Wilmington; Sunday.—James Blanton was in Xenia, Saturday.—Mr. and Mrs. Felix Williams were guests of Mr. and Mrs. Elihas Thomas in Cathagenia, Sunday.—Carl Edwards, John Frazier and Kenneth Tolliver of Wilmington were here, Sunday.—Mrs. Helen Trimble is very ill.—Mrs. Hazel McCray, of Cleveland was called here by her mother, Mrs. Colter's illness.—The K. P. annual sermon at the Baptist church, May 15.—James Blanton and Archie Cole were in Washington.—H. I. hastened to New York, Napark is visiting Mr. and Mrs. Starle Polden.—Miss Mary Williams, Cassie Essex, E. Deam and Mr. Birch Bolden visited Mr. and Mrs. Laman Kilgour, Sunday in Washington. PITTSRURG, Pa.—The Tate Stars of Cleveland defeated the Keystones of this city, 5 to 3, in a well played game here, last Friday. Casey and Henderson divided the slab work for the Tates while Bond caught the entire game. Martin and Anderson worked for the Keystones. An Assistant City Solicitor Philadelphia, Pa.—Last week Tuesday morning City Solicitor D.J. Smyth, after a year or more of dissention. Now. Exec a young lawyer of the race an Assistant City Solicitor. Salary, $2400. Three Mobocrats Convicted Jonesboro, Tennessee—The trial of the fourteen white men charged with rioting and storming the county jail here in an effort to lynch Cooksey Dallas, an Afro-American, resulted in the conviction of Wat Blevins, Walter Oliver and Berl Moody, all white. Driven From Home in W. Va. Wheeling, W. Va.-Driven, from their homes, in very many instances without being given an opportunity to collect their belongings, Colored residents of Beech Bottom, Brooke county, have sought temporary referees to help them score being housed in hotels and among friends in Wheeling. The Ku Klux Klan Goldsboro, N. C.—The Klu Kluan has shown its hand in this city by compelling two young Greeks, who took over a restaurant to close to close to close their place of business because they served our people. Hon. Joseph C. Manning. The final argument (?) of a champion of the southern morbocracy is the hypocritical cry about "social equality." There is no such thing as social equality among any people. A parishoner, in much alarm, went to a priest and told him that he had frequently seen a spectre. What shape or form did it assume? This was the inquiry of the priest. The simple minded parishoner replied that it bore the shape of an ass. Then, go th y way, said the priest, for you have only seen your own shadow. So it is with the southern Democratic jack who are alarmed about the bugaboo of "social equality." Joseph C. Manning. HARDING'S STYLE By Arthur Brisbane. English newspapers, including the Chronicle, dislike President Harding's "English", and criticize his style. Mr. Harding could easily make the English praise his style. He says: "We want the biggest navy." If he would say: "We may only rely upon England's fleet to protect us," that "style" would please English. He says: "We lent ten thousand millions to our friends in Europe and expect them to pay it back, instead of spending it on warships. If instead we would say: "I have no intention of collecting our foreign debts" that "style" would suit all Europe perfectly. It isn't the President's "Yankee English" or any defect in his literary style that bothers England. It's the fact that he means what he says, and "talks American." IN THE DRIFTWAY. Marcus Garvey's $22,000 Salary. New York City -Papers filed in the Supreme Court, in the marriage annulment action brought by Marcus Garvey, against his wife, have disclosed that as "Provisional President of Africa," Garvey was voted $12,000 a year by the big convention held in New York, last summer, and as "President of the Universal Negro Improvement Association," $10,000 a year (salary). This and the more than $30,000 a year paid in salaries to N. A. A. C. P. secretaries, DuBois, Johnson, White, Pickens and Bagnall, show that the Negro financial cow is being milked to death. SINGLE COPY FIVE CENTS Peonage in Louisiana For The Last Twenty Years (In New York Evening Post.) That a condition of peonage worse than the old chattel slavery exists to this day in the South is not very well known in the North and is surprisingly ignored in the South itself. The writer is a native of Louisiana, reared in an outlying agricultural section where the Negro population is three to every one of the whites. Having grown up with the peonage system, I naturally became familiar with the culture of the South from the North or even from Southern cities to study the conditions. Very recent visits and close observation, purposely made, convince me that conditions of peonage are nearly as common and as much condoned in my home State and generally throughout the cotton raising sections of the whole South as during my childhood, over twenty years ago. How Peonage Starts. Practically all the Negroes, either work for wages or work for shares" the Negro and his family land, animals, and tools with which to work and the tenant gives the landlord half his crop for the use of the land work animals, and tools. As soon as the young Negro marries he begins working for some land owner under these conditions. He never has enough in cash ahead to buy everything in the way of food and clothing that he and his family own. He then to the landlord for these things. The landlord either has a plantation store or has arrangements made with the nearby village or small town store to credit the Negro and charge the account to the landlord. In the majority of cases the Negro is uneducated and unable to keep an accurate account of what he buys. He simply trusts the landlord. Even if he has an education he is permitted to compare his books with those kept by the landlord. The account as kept by the latter is the one the settlement is based on at the end of the year when the crop is sold. If the Negro has bought five bacon middlings for 40 cents a pound he is charged up with fifteen or so, and at a much higher price than the regular store price. He may have brought a barrel of flour, but he must pay for two or three at extortionate prices. He may have bought fields have-footed to save having to buy more than one pair of shoes, but he finds at the end of the year his memory has played a trick and he has really, according to the store account, enjoyed the luxury of two pair or three pairs of healthy priced shoes. His wife may have gone through the year with two cheap calico dresses and find in December that she has, in fact, dressed outule sumptuously during the record according to the infallible store record. Purchasing Negro Debts. At the end of the year the Negro may decide that he could better in Additional Local Madam Rachel W. Turner is now the soprano soloist of St. John's choir and will appear at each service. The choir is rapidly becoming a fine singing unit under the care of Chorister Carroll*Scott and President Harry Lucas. It rendered two beautiful selections, Sunday "Gloria" and "Send Out the Light" Sunday evening. It will end with another "Can I can" assisted by Mrs. Scott, reader. I. Chas, Buny preached a splendid sermon, Sunday morning, on "Love." In the evening, Rev. Saul A. Lucas delivered an exceptionally interesting discourse. Bishop L. J. Coppin of Philadelphia will preach. Sunday morning. He is an exceptionally fine speaker. Mrs. Ruth Basey highly entertained the choir in the parlor of the church, Wednesday evening. After a program the choir sat down in a beautiful, decorated the color scheme in green and yellow, each member receiving a handsome favor and card. A delicious six course supper was served. The decorations, program and supper showed Mrs. Basey's exceptional skill and taste. The Tate Stars-Bacharach Giants comes at Dunn Field, Tuesday and Wednesday afternoons, were not nearly as well attended as anticipated and as they would have been if properly advertised. President Tate is a hustler and should look after this phase of his new work if the club's games are to be patronized any where near like they must be in order to achieve the financial success necessary to properly sustain the new business venture. Tuesday, the Bacharachs "murdered" the Tates. Wednesday's score was 9 to 2, the "Tates" losing again. IN URCH IT IS EBRECH LE COPY FIVE CENTS onage! Louisiana For t Twenty Years e to Purchase Goods On t Makes Debts Which Virtual Slavery some other locality and want to move live and the landlord make a settlement. The Negro's part of the crop is worth so much. The good bookkeeping, landlord's account against the Negro is always considerably more, nevertheless. If some other landlord likes the Negro's style of work well enough to pay the excess account, he can have the Negro starting the latter in with a good size of beginning of debt at the first of the year. Frequently the buying landlord bargains secretly with the selling landlord, securing a sort of split in the excess account charged against the Negro. Some years ago, soon after the enactment of the Federal anti-peonage statute, some land owners in Florida, were convicted under that law, and attention was attracted from all sections of the country. People living in far parts of this country were shocked at this being the state of mind about this being a land wholly free; but they recovered from their shock with the comforting belief that the new slavery had been deservingly wiped out at one blow why the paternal Federal Government. It was not and still is not so. Bought Prison Release. I knew three brothers in my home community in Claiborne Parish Louisiana, who spent thousands of dollars to save themselves from terms in Federal prison about fourteen years ago. Two of them were left in poverty as a result and the son of the third inherited the plantation of his father, and a year ago—I personally saw and know the exact truth of this statement—he was holding. Negroes in practical bondage on the strength of maternal accounts in the same old way. Little less than a year ago a friend of mine was threatened with death at Caldwell, Burleson County, Tex., for daring to raise his voice against the shameful system of peonage along the Brazos River in that section. I lived for several years in Texas and knew that the standard system of peonage as practiced generally in the South is prevalent throughout the cotton sections of Texas where they are permitted residence—they are not allowed to live in various portions of the State. It would seem that what is needed to bring about abolition of great evils in this country is not new laws always for we more often have those in sufficient quantity, but a wholesome, indignant public opinion aroused to such a point that slow, unaggressive Federal agents are spurred out of their sleepiness and forced to go aggressively and consistently about their duties of finding infractions of the laws they have sworn to actively enforce. If the Federal officers in the South should use the same initiative in running down violations of the anti-poaching laws as prohibition enforcement officers use in enforcing the Eighteenth Amendment peacage in this good land would beat John Darleycorn into final oblivion. VERDICT FOR $1,000 DAMAGES. Hutchinson, Kansas.—As a climax to the $10,000 suit, filed some months ago by Orval Craig, against Chas. Fife, (white), a shoemaker of this city, the jury composed of whites, brought in a verdict in District Court giving Craig judgment for $1,000 and costs. The story of how Fife had invaded the sanctity of Craig's home, stolen the affection of Craig, and accused the home and how he made false charges against Craig in his attempt to humble and subdue him, was told in full to the jury. Editor Harris Busy Elected Alderman in Florida Palatka, Fla.—E. E. Nottinge, was elected alderman from the sixth ward in the municipal elections here recently, defeating C. E. Porter, (white). The election of Nottage places two Afro-Americans in the Council. The parents' meeting at the Central Bath-house, Friday evening, proved to be unique as well as beneficial to all who attended. Among the speakers were Miss Hazel Mountain, Mrs. Letha Fleming, Miss F. I. Cameron, social worker; William R. Conners and a representative of the Cleveland Welfare Federation. Among those who contributed to the program were: Missee Cara Dougherty and Dessa Clemens, soprano; A. Z. Ferguson, baritone; J. Walter Wills, whistling solo; James Settles and Arthur J. Smith, well known baritone and violinist, respectively. Dr. LeROY N. BUNDY, Dentist, Guaranteed and Efficient Work! Extraction with Gas Administered. Twenty Years' Experience. The "St. John", 2265 E. 40th St. Cor. Central Ave. 'Phone: Bell, Rose. 6978 Excellent Service Hours: 9 to 12, 1 to 6, 7 to 8. Sundays, By Appointment Office, Rose, 1412. Res., Gar, 6557 Princeton 171 Office Hours—4:30 to 7:30 P. M. Dr. O. A. Taylor PHYSICIAN AND SURGEON 2288 E. 49th St., Cleveland, O. Phone—Rosedale 1321. Office Hours—10 to 1, 5 to 7 Sundays by Appointment Physician and Surgeon. X-Ray-Electric Treatments 4508 Central Ave., Cleveland, Ohio. Dr. N. K. Christopher Office Hours: 10 a. m. to 1 p. m. 3 p. m. to 8 p. m. Sundays by Appointment 2254 E. 55th St. Cleveland, O. Phone, Rosedale 6165 Office Phones: Main 2912; Central 1424-R Residence, 614 E. 107th St. Phone, Eddy 6533. Attorney-at-Law Room 510, Blackstone Building 1426 West 3rd Street Notary Public Polish Interpreter Cleveland, O Bell 'Phone Resedale 5598 Residence, Rosedale, 4417. Hours: 9-11 A. M.-1-3 P. M.-6-8 P. M. Sunday: 3-5 P. M. E. J. GREGG, M. D. - Physician and Surgeon Special Service Diseases of Women and Children Office: 2322 E. 55th St., Temple Theater Bldg. Rooms 2322, Cleveland, O. Dr. E. A. BAILEY 2265 E. 40th St. Cor. Central Ave. Cleveland, O. Office Hours: 4 to 7:30 P. M. Phone—Rosedale 2306 Central 1666 L. Residence—8012 Cedar Ave. — Residence Phones — Cedar 1943 Princeton 1459 W. THE TEMPLE THEATRE 2322 E. 55th St. Maurice Bolasny, Manager. Friday, May 6 — NORMA TALMADGE in "Social Secretary." Saturday, May 7 — ROL. WARWICK in "Jack Straw." Sunday, May 8 — SPECIAL FEATURE. Also, last episode of "Fighting Fate." Monday, May 9.—DOROTHY PHILLIPS in "Once to Every Woman." Tuesday, May 10.—IRENE CASTLE in "Amateur Wife." Wednesday, May 11.—SPECIAL FEATURE—"My Lady's Garter." Thursday, May 12.—WANDA HAWLEY in "Her Beloved Villian." MAIN THEATRE Scovill Ave. and E. 25th St. O. E. BELLES, Mgr. Friday and Saturday, May 6 and 7.—PAUL LAWRENCE DUNBAR'S "The Sport of the Gods," a great feature, with an all-star Colored cast. Sunday, May 8.—VERA GORDON in "The Greatest Love," Also, "Avenging Arrow," No. 7. Monday, May 9.—SESSUE HAYAKAWA in "Li Ting Lang," Also, "Diamond Queen," No. 10. Tuesday, May 10.—SESSUE HAYAKAWA in "Arabian Knights," Also, "Double Adventure," last episode. Wednesday, May 11.—EDITH ROBERTS in "The Unknown Wife," Also, "White Horseman," No. 4. Thursday, May 12.—ALICE BRADY in "Hungry Heart." Also, "Fighting Fate," last episode. 1 Where to Purchase The Gazette NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS Subscribers not receiving The Gazette regularly should notify us at office. We desire every copy delivered promptly. Send or bring locals and all business matters to The Gazette's office, 214-215 Blackstone Bldg. If you wish to see the editor call there, please. We advise our readers to carefully examine The Gazette's advertisements before making purchases. Business men who advertise in this paper should have the patronage of our people. The fact that they advertise is assurance that they want it. All reading matter for publication in current issues of The Gazette must be 'in the office by 4 p. m., TUESDAY of that week, at the latest. Display advertisements accepted until noon, WED-NESDAYS! HARRY C. SMITH, 215 Blackstone Bldg. Bell 'Phone: Ontario 1259 Classified Advertising ... Department ... FOR SALE.—A four-room cottage in E. 27th St., an eight-room house (with furnace, etc.), in E. 86th St., and a nice eight-room home in E. 66th St., at reasonable prices. A good chance to get a home! Call at The Gazette office or call Central 513-K. These are bargains. WANTED.—A baby girl. six months to two years' old. A good home and care guaranteed. 'Phone Rosedale 3303 J. CLEVELAND Social and Personal Mr. and Mrs. J. D. Smart, E. 30th St. have a fine 11 pound baby. Local Odd Fellows will hold their annual thanksgiving services, Sunday. Mr. and Mrs. A. R. Tuck, E. 40th St. have a bran new $7\frac{1}{2}$ pound daughter. Mrs. Sallie Morrison of 3112 Newton Court was called to Lorain, last week, by the serious illness of her son-in-law, Rev. F. W. Corbin, former resident of this city. Do not wait for the collector to call on you but call, send or mail your subscription money at once so as to not miss a single copy of "The Old Reliable" Gazette. Mrs. Matti Huntner, 4217 Cedar Avenue commences the formation of a class for teaching Hair. C. J. Walker's method of hair culture. Class begins, June 1. Enroll now! Randolph, 2503—Adv. Word comes from Denver, that Mr. Henry Haines, former resident of Cleveland, has organized a Stenographers' Association there similar to the one he organized here, a year ago. Mr. and Mrs. H. C. Tuck and daughter, Miss Dortha, motored from Oberlin, last week, to attend the funeral of Harrison McKinon Smith and visit their newly born grand-daughter and niece, respectively. The Gazette's new 'phone number is Ontario 1259, Bell 'phone. It will be listed in the book under the name of the editor. Remember this, please, and tell all who wish to know. Oblige "The Old Reliable." B. A. Foster, 2364 E. 55th St. has been appointed local representative of the Union Home Builders, of N. Y. City, which has a new plan of co-operative investment and home-purchasing. Several of our enterprising men have organized the Try-kt Bakery Co., 3941 Central Ave., where they will open a new shop soon with C. Williams and J. W. Maxwell in charge. Dr. Joseph H. Carroll of Columbus visited his father, G. W. Carroll, recently. He was a delegate to the Lexington M. E. conference in session at Cory M. E. church. Rev. James B. Redmond has been reappointed pastor of Cory. Our advertisers want your trace. Those who do not ask for it in the columns of "The Old Reliable" Gazette certainly care little, if at-all, for it. Therefore, we urge our readers and all of our friends to patronize those who ask for your trade in the columns of this paper! Cuyahoga Co. D. Knights and Daughters of Tabor, will meet, every second and fourth Wednesday in the month, at Central-Marion bathhouse and drill at E. 37th St. playgrounds, every Tuesday and Friday at 8 p.m., says Capt. Thos. L. America, Wm. Todd, see. The Enterprise cigar must be a good one, as J. B. Dennis, the manufacturer, 3705 Central Ave., says the sales are increasing daily. He shows his progressive spirit in various ways and still handles "The Old Reliable" Gazette and other race papers. G. W. Carroll, E. 74th St., celebrated his 74th birthday, April 13, with a stag. Those present were Messrs. L. S. Jones, Walter B. Wright, Sr., Horace Roller, B. M. Shook, Gus Clark, Wm. McIntire and Clarence Hunnicutt. Several valuable presents were received. The Royal House of Tabor holds its annual installation of officers at Spiro Hall, recently. Among the officers installed were E. W. Sellers, presiding prince; Mrs. Lou Todd, presiding princess; Charles Robinson, secretary, and Mrs. Bell, recorder. The general committee of the K. of P. has secured the Presbyterian Church, 4th St. and Woodland Ave. for the annual sermon, May 15. Rev. Archie E. Allen of Akron will deliver the sermon and the recently organized Pythian-Calanthe choir, J. W. Wills, director, will sing. Word was received, recently, announcing the death of Thomas Everett Johnson in San Francisco. The deceased was a former Clevelander. Clarence Davis, 6063 Quincy Ave. and Harry T. Ford, 3430 E. 055th St., and ordering to locate his relatives, as he left an insurance policy of $3,000. Boydston Post memorial services will be held, the morning of May 29, at m. Zion Cong. church. E. 31st St. near Central Ave. All members will meet at the Central-Marion bathhouse at 9:30 a. m., that day. All ex-service men are cordially invited to the services. A drum corps of 12 men, Samuel Carter, director, has been added to the organization. The social function of the season will undoubtedly be the Caterers' Association annual May dance (informal) at the Chamber of Commerce hall, Public Square, May 16, 1921. Dancing from 8 p. m. to 1 a. m. Special features. Cash prizes to the three most beautiful Ladies, Roy Nichols Society Orchestra. Admission, one dollar. Do not miss it!—Ady. TO OUR CITIZENS: ON MAY 9. 10 BEZALEEL CONSISTORY WILL ENTERTAIN THE SUPREME COUNCIL A. A. S. R. MASONS, HOUSEHOLDERS WHO ARE IN POSITION TO ACCOMMODATE TWO OR MORE VISITORS SHOULD PLEASE COMMUNICATE WITH JAMES A. ROGERS, 3322 CENTRAL AVE.-ADV. The Mozart Glue club, Capt. Charles Frye, director, made a hit at the recent M. E. conference at Cory church, using a group of jubilee melodies which aroused the ministers to great enthusiasm. They expect to give a varied program at their initial concert at Cory church, May 23. The star attraction will be Miss Marian Anderson, contralto of Philadelphia, with her accompanist, Wm. King, a pianist of note. The Research club elected the following officers, recently, at Mrs. Rosa Brooks'; Mrs. Sada J. Anderson, pres.; Mrs. Cornellia Nickens, vice-pres.; Mrs. Fred Berry, sec.; Mrs. P. W. Lemon, tres.; Mrs. W. T. Blue, chairman of program committee. Mrs. Berry has the reputation of being a poetess and is composing the poem for the "Mothers' Day" program at St. Marks Presbyterian church. Prof. Gilbert Jones, dean of Willforce University, who preached, recently, at St. John's and St. James churches, was the guest of W. S. W. T. Anderson, E. 89th St. H. is a son of Bishop Joshua H. Jones and a grandson of Bishop Daniel A. Payne, one of the fathers of the great A. M. E. Church. Rev. H. H. Tate of Cincinnati, a former pastor of Cory M. E. church, preached at St. John's church on the 23d ult., also. James K. Nickens, president of the Dunbar Literary society, reports the receipt of a letter from President Harding's private secretary acknowledging the receipt of the letter of thinks the society recently sent the President in recognition of his recommendations in his first annual message to Congress to anti-lynch legislation and a commission to study racial conditions. Secretary Christian wrote: "The President much appreciates your generous expressions." The editor of The Gazette acknowledges, with many thanks, the receipt of two neatly framed group pictures from Prof. and Mrs. A. E. Malone of Poro College, St. Louis. Mo. They are portraits of our newspaper men and other prominent men of the race who gathered in St. Louis, last fall and two years previous, as guests of the Malones at the formal openings of the main and annex buildings of Poro College. Of course the pictures will have to have the prominent places on the walls of The Gazette sanctum sanctum THE GAZETTE, CLEVELAND, OHIO MAY 7, 1921 Peonage and lynching, in other words, go hand in hand. They are twin sisters in infamy. They are a shame and disgrace not only to the particular communities where they occur, but to the entire country. As President Harding said in his great message, this kind of lawlessness must end. Not only the peonage murderers, but the mob murderers and the lynchers must be taught that laws in these United States mean something; and the only way that lesson can be taught is by remorsely hunting down, trying, convicting, and hanging every scoundrel guilty of them. When that is done, when there is a general awakening in the Lynch Law bill along these lines, then, and not until then, shall we be on the way toward making these savages cease. -Harvey's Weekly, N. Y. City. MAKING ANIMATED MOVIE CARTOONS For Five-Minute Cartoon, 2,000 to 3,000 Pictures Are Drawn. LOTS OF WORK INVOLVED Animated Pictures Also Provide Best Means Ever Found for Showing How Machines Operate—Illustrate How Movements are Co-ordinated. Most movie "fans" are familiar with movie cartoons in which the figures move about, talk, dance, etc., in a remarkably realistic and often ludicrous manner. Doubts all have wondered how the pictures are obtained and how the artist manages to trace out the figures so accurately with such lightning-like strokes. As there are 16 separate exposures on each foot of film, the cartoonist has to draw no less than 2,000 different pictures for a film 125 feet long. This will entertain a movie audience slightly more than two minutes. Usually a picture is first drawn on paper in the ordinary manner and it is then traced on a sheet of transparent celluloid. The celluloid is placed in a frame over a sheet of ground glass. White paper is placed over the celluloid and a light is switched on under the ground glass, making the original drawing show through the upper paper. The outlines of the original drawing are then traced on the blank sheet. The light under the frame is switched off and photographs are taken at frequent intervals as the work progresses, a motion-picture camera being mounted above the artist and the frame for this purpose. If neither the artist's hand nor his pencil is to appear in the finished picture he traces a short line and then removes hand- and pencil from the camera's field during the exposure. If hand and pencil are to be shown a short line of the picture is traced and hand and pencil are held still while the camera shutter is open. Where motion is to be shown, as of the hands, feet, mouths, etc., of the figures in the cartoon, the parts that do not move are first drawn celluloid and the moving parts on separate sheets of paper, each showing the motion slightly more advanced than the preceding one. Of course the minute successive steps in the development of the cartoon are photographed so that the movements will be smooth and lifelike when the film is projected on the screen. A great deal of work is involved in producing such cartoons. To show the simple movements of the mouth in talking, for instance, no less than 20 or 30 different pictures may be required. For a five-minute cartoon from 2,000 to 3,000 different pictures have to be drawn and two photographers are kept busy for six or eight days making the necessary exposures. Perhaps you have seen pictures showing an ordinary house or something of the kind and as you watched the outer wall or "shell" seemed to roll or slide away and the interior stood revealed. In making such a picture the interior is first drawn on transparent celluloid. The outer part is then drawn solidly on paper, the paper is inserted and photographed under the celluloid. A drawing exactly like the first one on paper is then prepared with a small portion on one side blank. This is photographed under the cellulid in place of the complete picture. It is then removed and a similar drawing with a slightly larger blank space is inserted and photographed. This is continued until only the interior view remains to be photographed. When the film is projected the solid picture of the house appears first. Then the outer part seems gradually to roll aside until you see the whole interior. Well-made animated pictures provide the best means ever found for showing how machines operate. With such pictures it is possible to show clearly how the different parts of a complicated engine work and how the movements of all are co-ordinated. In making such pictures the stationary parts are drawn on transparent celluloid and the moving parts are then drawn progressively on paper and photographed one after the other in combination with the drawing on the celluloid. HISTORY OF MONACO. The Condensed Record of the World's Smallest Nation. From 968 Monaco (located on the Mediterranean coast, within boundaries of France) belonged to the house of Grimaldi, a Genoese family. In 1731, it passed into the female line. Louise Hippolyte was succeeded by her husband, Jacques I, who had been count of Thorigny. Honorius III, a successor, was dispossessed by the French revolution, but in 1814 the principality was re-established. The prince was an absolute ruler, there having been no elective representation within the principality. But on Jan. 11, 1911, a constitution was promulgated which provides for a national council elected by universal suffrage and consisting of 21 members. The Government is carried out under authority of the prince by a ministry assisted by a council of state. More Males Than Females. The census of 1910 showed the male population of the United States to be 47,332,000 and the females 44,640,000. These are 106 males to 100 females. It appears that the number of males in the total population of the world is slightly greater than the number of females, but as a result of the great war there is a preponderance of females in some of the belligerent countries. INDIAN CORN. Importance of This Wholesome Food Not Generally Recognized Not Generally Recognized. Did it ever occur to you to wonder how America and the rest of the world could get along without Indian corn or maize? In one form or another, this cereal which is peculiar to America, supplies a large proportion of our food. It is one of the great stand-bys of the stockman and farmer for feeding livestock. It yields oil and other products which are not only wholesome, nutritious foods for man and beast but invaluable for various purposes in the arts and industries. Indian corn is the most productive crop of American farms. It is a wonder among plants for profitable cultivation. Its annual yield in the United States is about three billion bushels. Corn is one of the boons that this country gave the world and the United States is by far the leader in raising it. It has never been found growing wild, which is quite an exceptional fact in botany. Burbank has tried to trace its descent from a Central American grass but as yet has adduced no convincing evidence of its origin. It remains as always the same beautiful, wholesome food for man and the animals most helpful in agriculture. The settling and winning of this continent rested largely with corn. The Indians who knew its worth taught our pioneers to carry a pouch of parched corn as the best provision for a long tramp in the wilderness. Boy members of corn clubs who have succeeded in increasing the peracre yield of corn several fold feel sorry for the position in which they have placed their elders as corn-raisers. They have demonstrated how the country's production of three billion bushels annually might be increased to 10 billions or more without much additional labor. There are some farmers who still plant corn and other things "by the moon" but the boys' clubs have never worried about the moon. Indigestion Many persons, otherwise vigorous and healthy, are bothered occasionally with indigestion. The effects of a disordered stomach on the system are dangerous, and prompt treatment of indigestion is important. "The only medicine I have needed has been something to aid digestion and clean the liver," writes Mr. Fred Ashby, a McKinney, Texas, farmer. "My medicine is Thedford's BLACK-DRAUGHT for indigestion and stomach trouble of any kind. I have never found anything that touches the spot, like Black- Draught. I take it in broken doses after meals. For a long time I tried pills, which gripe- ed and didn't give the good results. Black-Draught liver medicine is easy to take, easy to keep, inexpensive." Get a package from your drungist today—Ask for and insist upon Thedford's—the only genuine. Get it today. E 84 THE PYRAMIDS. Those in Egypt Built 3000 B. C. as Royal Monuments. Pyramids have been built in many parts of the world, but those of Egypt are usually meant by the general term. These pyramids are thought to have been built from about 3,000 B. C. The largest is that of Cheops, which was originally 481 feet high and 756 feet square, covering more than 13 acres of ground. It is generally believed that the pyramids were built as sepulchral monuments for the kings but some writers have maintained that Cheops was built as an astronomical observatory. Herodotus, an ancient Greek historian, estimated that it required 100,000 men 10 years to construct a causeway for the transportation of the stone for this one pyramid, and that the labor of the same number of men was required for 20 years to complete the structure. WIPE OUT THE RATS. United States Public Health Service Free Book Tells How. A booklet describing methods for killing off rats and rendering buildings ratproof has been issued by the United States public health service. Trapping, poisoning and the employment of cats and dogs all help of course but the health service experts are convinced that the most effective measure for combating the pests is to make all buildings, old and new, ratproof. The bulletin tells in detail how to do this. The rat is not only an arch destroyer of foodstuffs and other valuable materials but it is a serious menace to the public health because it is often the host of fleas which are responsible for transmitting the deadly bubonic plague. The department of agriculture at Washington issues a book on the rat, for free distribution. "It's easy to pay and Dresswell Cred 4701 Central Ave., We Invite Charge Accounts CASH OR Confectionery, W easy to pay and dresswell our way Dresswell Credit Clothing Co. Central Ave., Cleveland Invite Charge Discount Accounts Cash CASH OR CREDIT! Sectionery, With Lease, For Sale See Grant at 3516 Central Reason For Selling Best I GO TO Diamond Realty & 3612 Central TO BUY HOMES AT SM We Have the Smallest Downt THOMAS W. CO Real Estate Phone: Ro See us First for a JOHN Prices Reasonable. Sale JEWELER AND 3121 Central Ave. Cleveland, O. Building Houses and Lots for S A. J. Bozart EGG HARBOR CITY J. H. THOM Branch Office: 2309 Central Ave. Beat the Landlord! Buy your Own Home, Loon For Selling—Have 3 Stores Best Location GO TO THE Land Realty & Insurance Company 3612 Central Avenue, BUY HOMES AT SMALL DOWN PAYMENTS. Have the Smallest Down Payment System in the City. THOMAS W. COLEMAN, Manager. Real Estate and Insurance. Phone: Rosedale, 508. We us First for all Goods in our D. JOHN S. HALL Prices Reasonable, Satisfaction Guaranteed. JEWELER AND OPTOMETRIST Real Ave., Cleveland, O. Prospect Houses and Lots for Sale. Phone, Prospect J. Bozarth Corporation EGG HARBOR CITY, NEW JERSEY J. H. THOMAS, Manager. Office: 2309 Central Ave. Cleveland at the Landlord! Real Estate Investments. your Own Home, Monthly Payments Reason For Selling—Have 3 Stores. Best Location Diamond Realty & Insurance Company 3612 Central Avenue, TO BUY HOMES AT SMALL DOWN PAYMENTS. We Have the Smallest Down Payment System in the City THOMAS W. COLEMAN, Manager. Real Estate and Insurance. Phone: Rosedale, 503. EGG HARBOR CITY, NEW JERSEY J. H. THOMAS, Manager. Branch Office: 2309 Central Ave. Cleveland, Ohio Beat the Landlord! Real Estate Investments. Buy your Own Home. Monthly Payments CENTRAL SHIRT SHOP 2922 Centres Under New Operated by Gent's furnishings, together with "Where your friends Also, operating store JACOB SO BAK Fresh Rolls, Pine 2922 Central Avenue Under New Management Operated by Ed. Cohn nishings, together with a fine line of ladies' lin "Where your friendship is predominant." Also, operating store at 4916 Central Ave. JACOB SCHNEIDER BAKERY Fresh Rolls, Pies, Cakes Daily Operated by Ed. Cohn Gent's furnishings, together with a fine line of ladies' lingerie. "Where your friendship is predominant." Also, operating store at 4916 Central Ave. A GENUINE "BULL" DURHAM tobacco makes 50 good cigarettes for 10c On Quality assured by The American Wholesaler Stetson Hats BEST ON EARTH Sold by Hill & Hart 532 Superior Ave. Leader-News Bldg. dresswell our way" at Clothing Co. Cleveland, O. Discount For Cash CREDIT! —Have 3 Stores. Location THE Insurance Company Al Avenue, HALL DOWN PAYMENTS. Payment System in the City EMAN, Manager. And Insurance. Madale, 508. Goods in our Line S. HALL Inspection Guaranteed. OPTOMETRIST Prospect 3659 Tele. Phone, Prospect 2698. Bach Corporation AY, NEW JERSEY S, Manager. Cleveland, Ohio Real Estate Investments. Monthly Payments 1 Avenue Management Ed. Cohn a fine line of ladies' lingerie. ship is predominant." at 4916 Central Ave. HNEIDER ERY e, Cakes Daily Don't Throw Away Your Copy of THE GAZETTE After Reading it, but Give It to a Friend or an Acquaintance who Might Subscribe after Reading a Copy of It Lynch—Murderers' C rimes! Refuse to Protect! to pretend that the presence of the Negro in the South is a "misfortune" to the white southerners. As editor of a newspaper twenty years ago, I wrote the fact, that, of the Negroes lynched during a year, less than one-third of the victims were even as much as accused of rape or attempt or intention to rape. Several years thereafter I found, by the statistics, that, during the period, just ended, of twenty-five years, of all the Negroes lynched, only twenty-five per cent of the victims were in any way connected with accused rape. The record of the year 1918 again proves the fact that the usual crime of the lyncher is that of murdering Negroes who are known—Negroes whom the lynchers themselves never even denied—to be innocent of so much as intention to rape. By way of refuting Durrell's false hypothesis upon which he futility attempts to justify the bestiality of white Texans, I ask did the unchivalrous white South, in lynching five Negro women in 1918 murder these colored women on account of rape? Can anyone conceive aiding or defending the effort to justify a system of callous, deliberate, brutal, wholesale murder—murder often by the most flendish torture—of men, women, BOYS, and GIRLS? I pity any person whom Durrell can convince that murderers of women are protectors of the chastity of women! Durrell ought to know—who does not? —that the number of white southern men who each year rape intimidated, unprotected Negro girls and women greatly exceeds the number of Negro men who commit the same dastardly crime upon white girls and women. Assuming that Durrell is an enemy to the rapists, I ask when will he publicly and honestly declare that, while upholding the burning at the stake of the "sensuous black-animal," he also insists upon the infliction of the same torture upon more numerous sensuous WHITE-ANIMALS? WHAT EYE STRAIN DOES. It Causes Tuberculosis Often, is Belief of Physician. That eye strain may often cause tuberculosis and hasten the development of the disease is the belief of Dr. Frank D. W. Bates, a Canadian physician. His experience has convinced him that strain upon the eyes consumes nerve force, towers vitality and reduces the system to a condition favorable for the reception of germs of tuberculosis as well as of other diseases. His attention was first called to eye strain in the development of diseases of the general system by a case of diabetes that was cured by an operation upon the eyes. A physician had been treating the case in the regular way for four years without result, not expecting a cure. The patient got into the hands of a Chicago occulist, who performed an operation. The occulist, gave no medicine. Dr. Bates heard of the case one year afterward and wrote inquiries about it both to the physician and the oculist. The physician replied that he had examined and not a trace of diabetes remained. There had been a complete cure, which he attributed to his patient's relief from eye strain by the operation. Dr. Bates spent three weeks with the Chicago oculist, then went to New York and studied the work of a specialist who believed eye strain a factor in general disease, and afterward had extended correspondence with Dr. George M. Gould of Philadelphia, originator of the eye strain theory. He became convinced, adopted the theory into his own practice and in eighteen years since then he has found no reason to change his views. What President Harding Said to Our People, Last Fall. "I am for democracy in its fullness." ah lor' cedehocracy in its "Tallest trees can be many Republicans as I am physically able to see; all Republicans look alike to me." able to see, an Reptileans took time to make sure "I believe the federal government should stamp out lynching and remove that stain from the fair name of America." "I believe in equality before the law. You cannot give one right to the white man and deny the same right to the black man." "The American Negro has the good sense to know this truth. He has the clear head and the brave heart to live it. I proclaim to all the world the truth which America ought to know, that he has met the test and that he did not and will not fail America. I proclaim that America has not and will not fail the American Negro." "I believe the Negro citizens of America should be guaranteed the enjoyment of all their rights, that they have earned the full measure of citizenship bestowed, that their sacrifices in blood on the battle-fields of the republic have entitled them to all of freedom and opportunity, all of sympathy and aid that the American spirit of fairness and justice demands." "If I have anything to do with it, there shall be good American obedience to the law. Brutal, unlawful violence whether it proceeds from those that break the law or from those that take the law into their own hands, can only be dealt with in one way by true Americans. Fear not. Here, upon this beloved soil you shall have justice that every man and woman of us knows would have been prayed for by Abraham Lincoln. Your people, by their restraint, their patience, their wisdom, integrity, labor and belief in God, have earned it, and America will bestow it." To Editor Boston Herald: In a letter to the Herald this morning Mr. L. Cuthbert Odian says "that it is a deplorable misfortune for a colored man to be born in the South." Mr. Odian is undeniably right, but the misfortune is not for the colored man. Sixty years ago our fathers in the South considered the Negro slave the foundation of business prosperity. As such, the Negro was held firmly to his servile position and contributed little to the social problem. Today the situation is quite different. A constitutional amendment has endowed him with all the political rights possible, but unfortunately it has given him neither intelligence nor refinement. The northern colored man whom we meet has taken advantage of the opportunity to him and consequently has become nearer our own race. For him I cannot say enough. The black in the South, however, has received a constitutional coating of political liberty and social freedom which covers up none of the bestial sensuality so commonly found in the unenlightened of any people. If Mr. Odian has lived in the South, he would be cognizant of this fact. If he had been born the son of a Texas gentleman, he would have seen an headman from childhood evidences of his innocence. If his sister, as fair and pure and promising a child of 14 as could be found throughout the South, had been attacked and forced by a brutal, sensuous black animal while walking through an unfrequent lane at some distance from the house, would he still be shocked at the "atrocious headline": "Texas Mob Burns Negro at Stake"? No, for he would have been one of the "cowardly, bloodthirsty mob who could not wait for the accused," but instead of acting on the accused, manner, he would have carried out his part in the proceedings of he were worthy the name of man, with a quiet determination that the incident should be one to ensure fear in the minds of other lawless characters. Neither Wilson or King George need be in doubt as to whether the South knows the meaning of the word "justice." WILLIAM B. DURRELL Harvard University, Cambridge. Editor Boston Herald: No person, not even one of the truthless white Texans, more sincerely welcomes than I, in any Boston daily newspaper, such history--perverting, false statements which Durrell wrote--provided that, on every occasion, the columns of the newspaper restrained opportunity for a member of the viciously and falsely accused race to retaliate by telling the truth. Evil days would certainly fall on the state of Longfellow, and Whittier, and Garrison, and Sumner and Shaw, if Massachusetts journals were not ready, on any occasion, to answer the challenge of any exponent of the American republic, and instead founded the first 2 decades of the American republic. Mr. Odian, he it said to his credit, is not silent when human beings—in the twentieth century—are burned at the stake in time of peace, and that in the United States of America alone. He who does not revolt at that fendish practice in his own country is the vilest kind of a hypocrite if he makes the pretense of being patriotic. Mr. Odian undoubtedly seems to be a genuine advocate of honesty, justice. right. Durrell bemoans the failure of the American states which the more successfully protected stealing, raping, murdering by the Southern rebels. Who does not know that, at the present moment, practically throughout the South, the white people there are systematically and strenuously striving to prevent further black ambassade from the South? So long as the white southerners are the powerful powers to allure to the South those southern-born Negroes now elsewhere, so long it is downright imbecility for anyone Wm. H. Dammond. THE GAZETTE, CLEVELAND. OHIO MAY 7. 1921 Ohio's Anti-Lynching Law Against The Mob and Lynch-Murder—The Work of a Member of The Race Also Ohio's Civil Rights Law. Section 6278. "Mob" and "lynching" defined. 6279. "Serious injury" defined. 6280. Damages in case of assault. 6281. Damages in case of lynching. 6282. Damages recoverable by legal representative of victim of lynching. 6283. Person suffering death or injury by mob trying to lynch another. 6284. Limitation of power. 6285. Order to include recovery and costs in tax levy. 6286. Guardian's custody, etc., fees. 6287. County's right of action against member of mob. 6288. County's right of action against another county. 6289. Non-relief from prosecution. Our mob-violence or anti-lynching bill was introduced in the Ohio legislature in 1894 and re-introduced in 1896. It took Hon. Harry C. Smith, the editor of The Gazette, just three years to secure its enactment into Section 6278. A collection of people assembled for an unlawful purpose and intending to do damage or injury to any one, or pretending to exercise correctional power over other persons by violence and without authority of law, shall be deemed a "mob" for the purpose of this chapter. An act of violence by a mob upward the body of any person that constitute a "dynching" within the meaning of this chapter. (93 v. 161 2.) Section 6279. The term "serious injury," for the purpose of this chapter, shall include such injury as permanently or temporarily disables the person receiving it from earning a livelihood by manual labor. (93 v. 161 3.) Section 6280. A person taken from officers of justice by a mob, and assaulted with whips, clubs, missiles or in any other manner, may recover, as hereafter provided, a sum not to exceed the amount of dollars as damages from the county in which the assault is made. (93 v. 161 4.) Section 6281. A person assaulted and lynched by a mob may recover, from the county in which such assault is made, a sum not to exceed five hundred dollars; or, if the injury received therefrom is serious, a sum not exceeding one thousand dollars; or, if such injury result in permanent disability to earn a livelihood by manual labor, a sum not to exceed five thousand dollars. (93 v. 162 5.) Section 6282. The legal representative of a person dying from injuries received from lynching by a mob, may recover of the county in which such injury occurred, a sum not to exceed five thousand dollars damages for the family and education of the minor surviving him, and any survive him until such children such unlawful killing. Such sum shall be applied to the maintenance of are of legal age, and then be distributed to the survivors, share and share alike, the widow receiving an amount equal to a child's share. If there be no widow or minor children surviving such decedent, such sum shall be distributed among the next kin. If there be no widow or minor children distribution of the personality of an intestate. Such sum so recovered shall not be a part of the estate of such person so lynched, nor be subject to any of his liabilities. (93 v 162 6.) Section 6283. A person suffering death or injury from a mob attempting to lynch another person shall come within the provisions of this chapter. He or his legal representatives shall have a like right of action as one purported to be killed by such a mob (93 v. 162 6). Section 6284. Action for the recoveries provided for in this chapter must be commenced, within two years from the date of such lynching, in any court having original jurisdiction of an action for damages for malicious assault. (93 v. 162 7) Section 6285. An order to the commissioners of a county, against which the court may be held with the costs of action, in the court ceeding tax levy for such county, shall be a part of the judgment in every such case. (93 v. 162 8.) Section 6286. If the decedent so lynched has minor children surviving him, the fund shall be turned over to a regularly appointed guardian. Such guardian shall administer such fund under the direction of the probate judge, allowing not more than five hundred dollars for counsel fees in the action for such recovery. (93 v. 162 9.) Section 6287. The county, in which a lynching occurs, may recover the amount of a judgment and costs against it in favor of the legal representatives of a person killed or ser- tenced by the mob. In many of the persons composing such mob, person present, with hostile intent, at such lynching shall be deemed a member of the mob and be liable to such action. (93 v. 162 10.) Section 6288. If a mob carries a prisoner into another county, or comes from another county to commit violence on a prisoner brought from such county for safekeeping, the county in which the lynching is committed may recover the amount of the judgment and costs from the county from which the mob came, unless there was contributory negligence on the part of others of such county in failing to protect such prisoner or dis pursue such mob. (93 v 163 11.) Section 6289. This chapter shall not relieve a person concerned in such lynching from prosecution for homicide or assault for engaging therein. (93 v 163 12.) OUR OHIO CIVIL RIGHTS LAW Upon the request of many readers of The Gazette we print below the text of Hon. Harry C. Smith's Ohio Civil Rights law which the editor had law. The Ohio Supreme Court has several times upheld the law which has been very effective. Only one other state (Illinois) in this country has such a law and it is largely a copy of our Ohio law. Here it is—(in the statutes) under the heading bes ed. representative of victim of lynching.ury by mob trying to lynch another. costs in tax levy. st member of mob. st another county. enacted while a member of the 71st General Assembly, in 1894: The General Code of Ohio: Sec. 12940. Whoever, being the proprietor or his employee, keeper or manager of an inn, restaurant, eating house, barber-shop, public conveyance by land or water, theater or other place of public accommodation and amusement, denies to a citizen, except for reasons applicable alike to all citizens and regardless of race or color, the full enjoyment of the accommodations, advantages, facilities or privileges thereof, shall be fined not less than fifty dollars nor more than ten dollars, imprisoned not less than thirty days nor more than ninety days, or both. Sec. 12941. Whoever violates the next preceding section shall also pay no less than fifty dollars nor more than ten dollars, imprisoned not less than thirty days nor more than ninety days, or both. Sec. 12942. Whoever violates in any court of competent jurisdiction in the county where such offense was committed. This law has repeatedly been held constitutional and good law by the Ohio Supreme court. The trouble is our people will not use it as often as they should and must do them what they should and must do for themselves, under it, in the courts. Judge Grant's Opinion of the Law. Misled by the foolishly manufactured outcry for the passage of the Beaty bill, a few years ago, the Aker Beacon Journal published an editorial to which the editor of The Gazette replied, calling its attention to the fact that the Ohio Civil Rights law was good law and did not need amending. The following letter from Judge Grant, former presiding judge of the Court of Appeals of the Eighth District of Ohio, is self explanatory: Akron, O., April 25, 1919. My Dear Sir: Observing your letter in the Beacon-Journal, of this city, I venture to send you, under a separate cover, the Ohio Law Reporter of Feb. 3, last, containing the opinion of the Court of Appeals in the Puritan Lunch Co. vs. Leonard H. Forman, decided in Akron, last fall, in which a judgment for ($500) five hundred dollars was sustained. If the Beacon-Journal had known what was going on in its own town, there would have been no occasion for criticism, editorially. THE LAW OF OHIO IS UNDER NO REPROACH, nor our courts and juries, in administering it. Not a word was said by the Beacon-Journal when the Forman case was reviewed. Lilies As Potato Substitutes. The calla lily, which has fleshy elongated tubers somewhat like potatoes, was used as food thousands of years ago in Egypt. It is now grown in Florida for food purposes. Calla lilies thrive in swamp lands, producing embroidered yields where scarcely any other crop could be grown. Usually they are first boiled and then cooked the same as potatoes. One Tree is Pretty Much Near Like Another. It is a fact that, to the casual observer, all trees look pretty much the same, in some respects at least. But if one looks carefully at the twigs of almost any tree, or, still better, at the young shoots of some rapidly growing plant, they are pretty certain to discover that no two leaves occupy the same position. The fact is, however, that a leaf does not keep always in one position. Everybody knows that they will drop and stand erect again, and that some plants sleep at certain times of the day. A house plant, moreover, grows toward the light, and if the pots are turned about so that the leaves face away from the window, it takes only a day or so for them to assume their old positions. If now one looks carefully for the joints where this bending is done, one can see at once that nearly all the leaves have two. THE GAZA who Might S CLIFF-DWELLERS' ANCIENT RELICS Not Discovered Until 1888, When Cowboys Came Upon Ruins. NATIVES WERE INDIANS Their Civilization Had Reached Its Apex Before Coming of White Man —No Conclusive Evidence as to Age Of Buildings. America is commonly regarded as a comparatively new land, without any storied remote past such as most countries of Europe and Asia have. Yet scientists find that it has been inhabited for thousands of years and that a kind of civilization existed here contemporaneously with some of the oldest in the world. Among the most interesting remains of prehistoric American civilization are the ruins of dwellings, temples and community houses of the cliff-dwellers in southwestern Colorado, in the tableland which early settlers named Mesa Verde—"green plateau"—because of the green color imparted to it by the forest of pine and fir trees which covered it. Writing of these ruins, Dr. J. W. Fewkes, who has done considerable exploring about the plateau, says substantially: Although it had been known since about 1875 that numerous caves in the region had been inhabited by a race of Indians known as cliff-dwellers, the greatest cliffhouses of the Mesa Verde were not discovered until 1888, when cowboys looking for lost cattle suddenly came upon the ruins of villages so large that they excited their curiosity and roused great interest throughout the country in the forgotten race that had built them. Congress set aside the plateau as a national park for the preservation of the aboriginal ruins scattered about in its rugged canyons. With part of the money appropriated for the improvement of the park the work of excavating and repairing the ruins was undertaken. The first building repaired was "Spruce-Tree House," so called because a big spruce tree grew out of one of its rooms. This is typical of the 100 or more ancient buildings found in the Mesa Verde. It completely fills the cave, which measures 216 feet in length and from 30 to 50 feet in height. The rooms are closely crowded together. Apparently three stories were built, one over the other. In some of the rooms the floors are well preserved but in others it is broken, nothing remaining but single rafters and beams. At the rear of the building, at the front and separating the rooms into sections, is a refuse heap or dumping place and cemetery. In this heap several dried-up human bodies wrapped in their burial robes made from yucca fibers interwoven with eagle and turkey feathers, have been found. These bodies were not mummified but were simply dried up, owing to the fact that no moisture had penetrated to the depths of the cave since they were buried. The body of a man, evidently a priest, was found in the floor of one of the rooms. Mills for grinding corn, with corncobs scattered about, were found elsewhere. Cooking utensils, smoke-blackened ovens and stone implements of various kinds were also found. The walls of the rooms had been nicely plastered with mud by human hands and after being painted had been decorated with rude figures of birds and butterflies. Some distance form Spruce-Tree House is the largest cliff house in the United States. This was discovered in 1883 and was named "Cliff-Palace." It was never really named a palace however, but rather a community dwelling containing numerous rooms inhabited by many different clans or families. These rooms are so united that they practically cover the whole floor of the cave. When available ground sites were at length exhausted and as the population continued to increase houses were erected on the roofs of those formerly built. Thus story after story was built to be protected by a cave root. From the arrangement and size of the rooms in Cliff Palace it is estimated that it sheltered a population of 600 people. In all likelihood the people known as cliff-dwellers were Indians. Probably when their ancestors first went to the Mesa Verde or the adjoining plain they were not much different in manners and customs from the Utes or Navajoes who still live in earth lodges or temporary structures of earth and logs. It is difficult to reckon the age of the building on the park. There is no conclusive evidence that they are more than five or six centuries old. On top of the highest wall of Sun Temple there still remains the stump of a tree with 360 annual rings of growth. This tree germinated after the tops of the walls forming the mound had fallen. The questions, what became of the people who inhabited the Mesa Verde cliff dwellings, and why they left cannot be answered satisfactorily. It is known, however, that the civilization they represent had reached its apex before the coming of the white man and, declining, their farms and populous villages were deserted. The Utes who claimed Mesa Verde as their land when the whites first appeared have no tradition on the subject. A Preparation of COMPOUND CORPAIBA and CUBEBS — AT YOUR DRUGGIST Ask for *YEAR NAME* avoid Substitution PATRICIA SOFT SILKY HAIR At last a reliable hair grower that makes that kinky hair quickly grow long, soft and shiny. 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