The Negro World

FIRST SECTION THE CHRISTMAS NUMBER SEGMENT U. N. I. A. NURS and SPECIAL PHOTOIAL SECTION Negro World ONE GOD, ONE AIM, ONE DESTINY A Newspaper Devoted Solely to the Interests of the Negro Race VOL. XI. No. 18 28 PAGES NEW YORK, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 TEN CENTS IN U. S. A. FIFTEEN CENTS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES Hail, the New Born The Prince of Peace Our Guide Today ```markdown ``` To us is born this day the Child Jesus, the Christ. The shepherds and wise men are now wending their way toward Bethlehem, there to behold the Wonder of God. Because there, in a manger, is to be found the Baby Christ who is to be the Redeemer of the world. And so our thoughts go back for more than nineteen hundred years. We hear the shout "Hosanna in the Highest, blessed is He that cometh in the name of the Lord." With all the preparation the human race has made to welcome into the world the Christ who is to redeem us, we find ourselves still in confusion, still fighting, still exploiting, still merciless in our onslaught one upon the other. But on this Christmas morn may we not all, members and brothers of the great human race, forget our differences, and in one glorious chorus sing out to the world "Peace, perfect peace"? When we come to consider the Brotherhood of Man and the Fatherhood of God, and that this Child of our own flesh, yet spirit of the Great Creator, has been sent to link us nearer to our common Father, will we not admit of the reason that there should be but very little differences between us? What will we gain fighting the battle of man against man? Absolutely nothing but death; and was not this Child Jesus sent into this world to teach us the new life, the life of Love, of Charity, the life of Mercy? What greater example do we desire than that which He gave in His own life? He suffered, He died that others might be free. Yet even with the great object of the Cross before us, even though He died on Mount Calvary to make us free, even though He overcame death, the grave and hell to demonstrate to us the new life possible to each and every one, we have not yet turned from the path of sin to enter into the glory of His Eternal Kingdom. Instead of planning a career of sin, on this Christmas morn may we not lift our thoughts to that grand and noble Father who gave to us on this day His Royal Son, whom He has made our brother, and to ask Him to bless each and every one of us that our hearts may be touched with the true spirit of the first Christmas morn? That first Christmas day in the stable at Bethlenem was a beacon of a new born hope, for with the birth of the Prince of Peace there came to us an age of spiritual grace, which in its course sought to link man nearer to his God, and coming down the ages for more than nineteen hundred years, we have tried to preach Him as He --- --- appeared to us in His innocence, in His love, and in His charity. He labored for thirty-three years to teach us the way to glory, but in the course of His life, man, his brother, sought the life that he cannot give; he persecuted Him, he derided Him, he jeered Him, and at last he crucified Him. But when that which was physical in the Christ died the spiritual continued, and from earth betook its flight to heaven, there, probably, for all eternity, to look down upon the sinful, wicked world, and to still shower upon us blessings that we really need. We shall never succeed in taking the Spirit of Christ out of the world, because in some of us still there is that spark of love, of charity, of mercy, that links us to our God. But may we not ask the Great Omnipotent, the Great Creator, our Eternal Father, to send once more into the world, and just at this time, and oh how we pray that it be on this Christmas morn, our brother Christ, so that He may calm the raging storm and in truth pour out His benediction upon a corrupt world, a soulless human race, and make of us subjects fit for Eternal Life? As with the angels, let us sing "Hail to the New Born King, the Prince of Peace, Hail to the Son of Righteousness, for with Thee there is life, without Thee there is death." For as Thou died upon Calvary's mount to make us better, to redeem us from our sins, may we not hope for a continuance of that love even for today? and knowing Thee in Thy bountiful love of all mankind, may we not further ask that Thy Spirit lighten up our hearts and bring to us by the touch of Thy grace the knowledge of the Everlasting Brotherhood of Man, and the Eternal Fatherhood of God? As the angels now rejoice in heaven over this new birth, so we rejoice on earth, four hundred millions of us who are members of this Negro race, feeling that Thou art our King, that Thou art our Savior, that Thou shalt be our Emanuel." We love Thee because Thou art the Son of God. We praise and worship and adore Thee because Thou art the Prince of Peace, let others in their sin, in their wickedness, seek after the Infant Life that Thou gavest to all mankind; today we in our simplicity shall find refuge for Thee even in the land of Egypt. Yes, the world of sinful, wicked men cried out "Crucify Him! Crucify Him!" but Lord, because Thou art our Master, because Thou art our Prince of Peace, because Thou art our Redeemer, we shall render unto Thee all help possible, even in hearing the Cross up the heights of Calvary, for in life Thee has been our friend; in death we know Thou shall remember us, and now that Thou art sitting at the right hand of God the Father, now that Thou hast conquered death, the grave and hell, surely in Thy mercy Thou shall remember us and so today, even though hundreds of years have rolled by since Thy crucifixion, we know that there is in Thine heart, there is in Thy soul a warm spot for the Sons and Daughters of Africa whose forebears hone the cross for Thee up the heights of Calvary to Thy crucifixion. We sing and shout with the angels; we ring our joy bells; we blow our horns in praise, because Thou art indeed the Jesus, the Christ, the Emanuel to us, the Son of Righteousness, the Prince of Peace. As sons and daughters of Africa, may four hundred millions of us the world over on this Christmas morn pray for the redemption of that Motherland that sheltered our Blessed Redeemer when the wild and wicked men of the world sought His Life; in the same manner wild and wicked men seek the lives of Negroes today, and burn and lynch and kill them, because they have not the strength that makes man mighty; but with the Almighty Power of God and with the guidance and mercy of our Blessed Lord we feel that one day Ethiopia shall stretch forth her hand, and whether it be at the second coming or before, we shall all sing our Hosannas, shall shout our praises to God for freedom, for liberty, for life. Christmas Message of the President of the United States to the Negro People of the World CHRISTMAS MESSAGE FROM SIR HARRY JOHNSTON, ENG- LISH TRAVELER AND AUTHOR Policy Arundel, Sussex, England. While I cannot endorse the statement that there are "four million millions" of Negroes and Negroids in the world—half of which is more likely to be correct, if anthropological accu- sions are shown at—I am most willing to express my sympathy with the treatment of Negroes and Negroids in all parts of Africa, in the United States, Brazil and the United States that their race shall be protected together with the white man in numbers and in the national and cultural development. H. H. JOHNSTON. Your letter of October seventeenth came just at the time when the President was in the model of preparation for his trip to Birmingham and therefore did not receive attention as promptly as we could have desired. As to your request for a special res- pression from him for your Christmas number, I am invited to the very that since the delivery of the Birmingham speech you will be able to find any ma- terial you require, of this kind, in the touch of that address. It is not felt that as this time the President would serve any particular useful purpose by add- ing to or qualifying in any way what he add at Birmingham, and I am sure, on second thought you will agree with this view. I am including a copy of the full touch of the Birmingham speech, which possibly may not yet have come to your attention, in the hope that it may ague you in this conversation. GEORGE B. CHRISTIAN, JR. Secretary to the President Mr. Marcos Garvey, President General Universal Negro Improvement Association, 56 West 12th street, New York City. Address at Birmingham, Oct. 28, 1821 Mr. Mayor, Citizens of Birmingham and People of the South. I have been wondering, as we have seen the Birmingham district and the marvels of this region's industrial development, whether any of us have yet quite understood the significance of the fact that Birmingham has been called "The Magic City." The basic, characteristic industry on which modern civilization rests is iron and steel; and Birmingham is the world's last word in development of the iron and steel industries. We have come here to pay tribute to the marvellous achievement of a brief half century to which this city and its industries stand as a monument. They tentify to us how far the South has progressed in a single generation the generation since slavery was abolished and the rule of free labor and unfettered industrial opportunity became the rule of all of our great Republic. Somewhere my attention has been called to the legend, possibly a historical fact, that when Fernando De Hoto was leading his expedition of exploration and conquest to the Mississippi, some of his metal workers not only discovered the wonderful deposits of coal, limestone and iron ore in this area and told De Hoto that here was an even greater treasure house than that which he was seeking; not an *El Dorado* of precious metals, but the opportunity for making the worlds dominating iron industry. I have been told, I do not know whether it is literally true, that the first reduction of iron in this district was actually accomplished by members of the De Hoto party who supplied certain of the expedition's needs by smelting some of these wonderful ores. But De Hoto was led on by the mirage which filled his vision, and instead of the pot of gold he sought, he found the mighty Mississippi, and in it his grave. The far as concerns more modern development, it appears that General Andrew Jackson also utilised your mineral and metal riches. When he was on his march to New Orleans for the great battle in which the yeomanry of the South won the single notable victory of the War of 1812, his metallurgists discovered that from these easily enriched ones they could supply their requirements of iron, of which they stood in great need. Accordingly, they erected trade furnaces and reduced considerable quantities of iron. From that time on these appear to have been more or less capable and intermittent utilization of iron deposits, and during the Civil War they provided a considerable part of the means of the South. In this connection I have many times visited that there might be a wider application of the energy, resourcefulness and genius for industrial development which the people of the south President's Speech at Birmingham Was a Reply to Request to Write About the Negro in a Christmas Message demonstrated during that war. Essentially an antocratic agricultural region the south suddenly confronted the need to turn out iron and steel and a vast complexity of their products which were absolute) essential to the conduct of the war. Not only did they arise to the invasion but they gave what I have regarded as one of the greatest demonstrations in all history of the possibilities of adaptation organization and industrial development under stress of great necessity. We will do well to recognize that the industrial achievement of the South during the civil War was one of the marvels resulting from that unhappy conflict. It marked the beginning of that diversification of industry which has made the South of today an industrial as well as an agricultural empire. I have often wished that some impure son of the South might one day devote the time and effort necessary to record the history of that Abaddin like industrial wonder which was a large part of the story of the South in the civil contest. It is one of the phases of American history that has had too little understanding attention. When we have studied the Civil War we have been so engrossed with military and political aspects that we have slighted the industrial and economic phases. I am going to venture therefore the suggestion that a comprehensive study of that aspect of the war period would be of inestimable value to the South and to the great story of our national progress. Not only would it constitute an eloquent testimony to the genius and devotion of our southern people but it would present a picture of opening opportunity and widening horizon whose contemplation would challenge every remaining vestige of prejudice and sectional antagonism. It has been a truliam that the War between the States started the Nation as a whole in its way of colonial industrial growth. But I have wished that the particular story of that war time experience in the South might be better known. I have been told of the almost overnight development of munition factories out of smithers, of the expansion of railroad repair shops into locomotive works; how shipyards, ordnance plants, powder factories were compused up and put at work almost in the twinkling of an eye; of improvised industrial processes and mechanical contrivances, not a few of which have been of permanent value, some of them fairly revolutionary. We will, I am sure, be forgiven if, as Americans, we remind ourselves that wooden navies had fought each other for thousands of years until Americana fell to fighting among themselves. Then came iron fighting craft—came so quickly and unanimously that both sides had their first armored warships ready at the same moment, so well matched that they fought a draw. It was a revolution, yet it was only one incident in this matching of American genius and resourcefulness in titanic struggle. The railway and the telegraph were first bidden to the service of war on a great scale during our civil contest. The huge ordnance which both North and South created and used was as sensational in that day as the most startling creations of the World War were more than a generation later. In both South and North our people learned and demonstrated what it means to mobilize all the human, industrial, financial, scientific resources of a great community for the purposes of war. That, indeed, was the most characteristic and most revolutionary development of the struggle. When we had done with our war we had well-nigh made over the whole art of war. The old things were gone forever. By land or by sea both its material and its methods were sweepingly changed. Glory and glamour had been taken out of it and in their place had been put the grim, hard reality of whole peoples measuring against each other their last ounce of power and resources. In that context of industry and resources the South started with a fearful handicap; a handicap so great that THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 PRESIDENT HARDING A FRIEND OF THE NEGRO RACE its accomplishments constituted one of the industrial wonders of all time. It is to this wonder that I have wanted to call attention today for I have felt that it has never been applauded as it ought to be. From that contest the North emerged not only with the foundation of industrial greatness securely laid but freed from the incursions of a later system that had from all times chaired it in the status of an almost purely agricultural community. The industrial and commercial development of state and peoples has always been strikingly influenced by their wars perhaps even more than their social and political development. That older war founded industry in the South under stress of sternest necessity, and so we may recognize in your Birmingham district and its industrial splendor one of the fine products of the industrial revolution which was forced upon the whole South. We are gathered today to celebrate the semicentennial of the founding of Birmingham. That this wonder could be wrought in so brief a time tells us how fast our modern world moves so fast that we are wont to forget our yesterdays before our todays are fairly begun, so absorbing in its concerns of the present that too often we have neither time nor interest for the morrow. Yet there never was a time when we needed so much to study our past and, in the light of its lessons, give earnest thought to the tomorrow. No I have thought that here in your Magic City, where they seem a very compress of yesterday, today and tomorrow, it may be proper to suggest a few thoughts regarding the critical times which are faced by our country and all countries and some of the issues which command our consideration. Exhausted and affrighted by the horrors of the World War, the nations are seeking means to prevent repetition of such an experience. They see the need for effective reform in international relationships and, along with this, for many alterations and adaptations of domestic institutions which will better fit them for the new time. Our own country, though its necessities are less onerous, its difficulties not so grievous as those of many others, has yet occasion to consider wherein it may better its methods, adjust itself to the new relationships, and equip itself for the new sort of struggle that lies ahead. Concerning one phase of this national problem, I want to say a few words. If the Civil War marked the beginnings of industrialism in a South which had previously been almost entirely agricultural, the World War brought us to full recognition that the race problem is national rather than merely sectional. There are no authentic statistics, but it is common knowledge that the World War was marked by a great migration of colored people to the North and West. They were attracted by the demand for labor and the higher wages offered. The slow movement had been in progress for decades before, but it was vastly accelerated because of the war and has continued at only a slackened pace since. It has brought the question of race closer to North and West, and I believe it has served to modify somewhat the views of those sections on this question. It has made the South realize its industrial dependence on the labor of the black man and made the North realize the difficulties of the community in which two greatly differing races are brought to live side by side. I should say that it has been responsible for a larger charity on both sides, a beginning of better understanding, and in the light of that better understanding perhaps we shall be able to consider this problem together as a problem of all sections and of both races, in whose solution the best intelligence of both must be emilied. Indeed, we will be wise to recognise it as wider yet. Whoever will take the time to read and ponder Mr Lothrop Stoddard's book on "The Rising Tide of Color," or say, the thoughtful review of some recent literature of this question which Mr F D. Lugard presented in a recent "Edinburg Review," must realize that our race problem here in the United States is only a phase of a race issue that the whole world confronts. Surely we shall gain nothing by blinking the facts, by refusing to give thought to them. That is not the American way of approaching such issues. In another way the World War modified the elements of this problem. Thousands of black men, serving their country just as patriotically as did the white men, were transported overseas and experienced the life of countries where their color around less of antagonism than it does here. Many of them aspire to go to Europe to live. we shall find an adjustment of relations between the two races in which both can enjoy full citizenship the full measure of usefulness to the country and of opportunity. After them we are in which recognition and toward shall at last be distributed in proportion to India's desire a regard of race or color. Mr. Ligard in his essay after surveying the world a problem of race concludes thus: Here then is the true conception of the interrelation of color and compete uniformity in ideals, absolute equality in the paths of knowledge and culture equal opportunity for those who strive equal admiration for those who achieve in matters social and racial a separate path, each pursuing his own inherited traditions, preserving his own race purity and race pride equality in things spiritual, agreed divergence in the physical and material Here it has formed to me is suggestion of the true way out. Politically and economically there need be occasion for great and permanent differentiation for limitations of the individual opportunity, provided that on both sides there shall be recognition of the absolute divergence in things social and racial. When I suggest the possibility of economic equality between the races, I mean it in precisely the same way and to the same extent that I would mean it if I spoke of equality of economic opportunity as between members of the same race. In each case I would mean equality proportioned to the highest capacities and deserts of the individual. Men of both races may well stand uncompromisingly against every suggestion of social equality. Indeed, it would be helpful to have that word "equality" eliminated from this consideration, to have it accepted on both sides that this is not a question of social equality, but a question of recognizing a fundamental, eternal and inescapable difference. We shall have made real progress when we develop an attitude in the public and community thought of both races which recognize this difference. Colonizing countries everywhere have in recent times been more and more dealing with the problem from this point of view. The British commonwealth of nations and races confront it, and has been seeking its solution along the lines here suggested. There is possibility of our learning something applicable to our own country from the British. It is true that there is a great difference between bringing into our own land the colonists of another race and going out to another land and subjecting it and its people to the rule of an alien race. Yet the two cases have so many elements of similarity that it seems to me the experience of each must furnish some light upon the other. Take first the political aspect I would say let the black man vote when he is fit to vote, prohibit the white man voting when he is unfit to vote. Especially would I appeal to the self respect of the coined race I would inculcate in it the wish to improve itself as a distinct race with a heredity, a set of traditions an array of aspirations all its own. Out of such racial ambitions and pride will come natural segregations, without narrowing any rights such as are proceeding in both rural and urban communities now in Southern States, satisfying natural inclinations and adding notably to happiness and contentment On the other hand I would instat upon equal educational opportunity for both. This does not mean that both would become equally educated within a generation or two generations or ten generations. Even men of the same race do not accomplish such an equality as that. They never will. The Providence that endowed men with widely unequal capacities and capabilities and energies did not intend any such thing. But there must be such education among the colored people as will enable them to develop their own leaders, capable of understanding and sympathising with such a differentiation between the races as I have suggested—leaders who will inspire the race with proper ideals of race pride of national pride, of an honorable destiny, an important participation in the universal effort for advancement of humanity as a whole. Racial amalgamation there can not be. Partnership of the races in developing the highest aims of all humanity there must be if humanity, not only here but everywhere, is to achieve the ends which we have set for it. I can say to you people of the South, both white and black, that the time has passed when you are entitled to assume that this problem of races is peculiarly and particularly your problem. More and more it is becoming a problem of the North; more and more it is the problem of Africa, of South America, of the Pacific, of the South Sea, of the world. It is the problem of democracy everywhere, if we mean the things we say about democracy as the ideal political state. Coming as Americans do from many origins of race, tradition, language, color, institutions, heredity; engaged as we are in the huge effort to work on honorable national destiny from as many different elements; the one thing REPLY FROM ENGLISH KING TO REQUEST FOR CHRISTMAS MESSAGE TO NEGRO PEOPLE OF THE WORLD BUCKINGHAM PALACE The Private Secretary is commanded to acknowledge the receipt of Mr. Marcus Garvey's letter of the 18th instant, but, in reply, regrets that it would not be possible, consistently with rule, to give effect to his wish. 31st October, 1921. we must sedulously avoid is the development of group and class organizations in this country. There has been time when we heard too much about the labor vote the business vote, the Irish vote, the Scandinavian vote the Italian vote and so on. But the demagogue who would array class against critics and group against group have ultimately found little to reward their efforts. That is because, despite the demagogue, the idea of our onesess an American has risen superior to every appeal to mere class and group. And so I would wish it might be in this matter of our national problem of races. I would accept that a black man cannot be a white man, and that he does not need and should not aspire to be as much like a white man as possible in order to accomplish the best that is possible for him. He should seek to be, and he should be encouraged to be the best possible black man, and not the best possible imitation of a white man. It is a matter of the keenest national concern that the South shall not be encouraged to make its colored population a vast reservoir of ignorance, to be dained away by the processes of migration into all other sections. That is what has been going on in recent years at a rate so accentuated that it has caused this question of races to be as I have already said, no longer one of a particular section. Just as I do not wish the South to be politically entirely of one party, just as I believe that is bad for the South, and for the rest of the country as well so I do not want the colored people to be entirely of one party. I wish that both the tradition of a solidly Democratic South and the tradition of a solidly Republican black race might be broken up. Neither political sectionalism nor any system of rigid groupings of the people will in the long run prosper our country. I want to see the time come when black men will regard themselves as full participant in the benefits and duties of African citizenship, when they will vote for Democratic candidates if they prefer the Democratic policy on tariff or taxation, or foreign relations, or what-not, and when they will vote the Republican ticket only for like reasons. We cannot go on, as we have gone for more than a half century, with one great section of our population, numbering as many people as the entire population of some significant countries of Europe, set off from real contribution to solving our national issues because of a division of race lines. With such convictions one must urge the people of the South to take advantage of their superior understanding of the problem and to assume an attitude toward it that will deserve the confidence of the colored people. Likewise, I plead with my own political party to lay aside every program that looks to lining up the black man as a mere political adjunct. Let there be a, end of prejudice and of demagogy in this line. Let the South understand the menace which lies in forcing upon the black race an attitude of political solidarity. The greater hope, the dissipation of hatred, the discouragement of dangerous passions lie in persuading the black people to forget old prejudices and to have them believe that, under the rule of whatever political party, they would be treated just as other people are treated, guaranteed all the rights that people of other colors enjoy, and made, in short, to regard themselves as citizens of a country and not of a particular race. Every consideration, it seems to me, brings us back at last to the question of education. When I speak of education as a part of this race question, I do not want the States or the Nation to attempt to educate people whether white or black, into something they are not fitted to be. I have no sympathy with the half-baked altruism that would overstock us with doctors and lawyers, of whatever color and leave us in need of people fit and willing to do the manual work of a workaday world! But I would like to see an education that would fit every man not only to do his part that work as well as possible but to rise to a higher plane if he would deserve it. For that sort of education I have no fears, whether it be given to a black man or a white man. From that sort of education, I believe, black men white men, the whole Nation would draw immeasurable benefit. It is pr hable that as a nation we have come to the end of the period of very apid in reas on our population. Recent legislation to restrict immigration will be in part respon sion for a slacking ratio of increase. The new immigrants have multiplied in numbers much the more rapidly, but as the immigrants become Americanized amalgamated into the citizenry the tendency has been toward less rapid multiplication. No restricted immigration will reduce the rate of increase and force us back upon our older population to find people to do the simpler physically harder, manual tasks. This will require some difficult adjustments. It has been easy indeed, but it has not been good for the people of our older stock, that a constant inflow in immigration made it possible to crowd off these less attractive and profitable tasks upon the newcomers. I don't think it has been good for what the old Latines called the national virtue. That is a word I have always liked employed in the Roman sense. I wish we might have adopted it into our vocabulary, in this sense. It strikes me as a good deal better than 'imorale'. Anyhow We are under necessity to raise humility, hard, manual work to a new dignity if we are to get it done. We will have to make its compensations more generously materially, and, if I may say it, spiritually, to make usefulness of a vice rather than spoiltness of hands, the test of whatever social recognition depends on the individual occupation. I confess a large disgust with all such classifications, and I earnestly bespoke an attitude toward good, honorable hard work that will end them. I do not want to cuddle and patronize humor. I want us all to get out put on blue dins, roll up our gloves, let our hand be honorably soiled, and do the work. That's what we've got to do if we are to get on. We must do it and be good we can, for there is small chance that we will ever again have such armies of laborers handling on these shores we have come in the past. In anticipation of such a condition the South may well recognize that North and West are likely to continue their drafts upon its colored population and that if the South wishes to keep its fields producing and its industry still expanding it will have to compete for the services of the colored man. If it will realize its need for him and deal quite fairly with him, the South will be able to keep him in such numbers as your activities make desirable. At any rate, here is a problem and it is pressing for settlement. In it not possible, then, that in the long era of readjustment upon which we are entering for the nation to lay aside old prejudices and old antigonisms and in the broad clear light of nationalism enter upon a constructive policy in dealing with these intrinsic issues. Just as we shall prove ourselves capable of doing this we shall insure the industrial progress the agricultural security, the social and political safety of our whole country regardless of race or sections and along the line of ideals superior to every consideration of groups or class, of race or color or section or prejudice. Here are the reflexes of magical industrial development, here are the fruits in the making of a nation and its commitment to free productivity. and trade. There is a materialism which sometimes seems sordid, but on the material foundation we have expanded in soul and we have seen this Republic the example to freedom aspiring throughout the world. We wish to teach to all that is good. We want to preserve the inheritance over which we fought because our conflict made it more precious. But we wish to go on as well as preserve. The match of a great people is not a blind one. We cannot be unmindful of human advancement. We wish to be more than space with progress—we wish our America loading and choosing safe paths. Fifty years is a narrow span. Yet the marvel of Birmingham is less than the marvel of our astounding America. And we ought to go on if we are just and honest in administering justice if we are alive to peril and most them in conscience and courage the achievement of your first half century will be magnified tonfold in the second half, and the glory of your city and your country will be reflected in the happiness so of a great people, greater than we dream, and grander for understanding and the courage to be right. MILITARY NEGRO HISTORY The Sacrificed Incident Question What was the Carrizal incident? Answer In 1916 the United States sent an expedition under General Petching into Mexico in pursuit of the Villa forces which had raided Columbus, N Mex Two Negro regiment, the 10th cavalry and 94th infantry—were part of this expedition. June 21 Troops C and K of 10th cavalry were ambushed at Carrizal by 700 Mexicans Though outnumbered 10 to one, they dismounted and charged the enemy killing the Mexican commander. The Negro troopers fought on until only one of their own officers was left alive and he badly wounded. Seventeen of their number were killed and 23 made prisoners. Finally Lieutenant Adolfo the remaining white officer, fell and dying, told Peter Bigstaff, a colored soldier fighting by his side, to flee. Bigstaff would not go and renamed until Adolfo bit his last HIGH SCHOOL GIRLS An organization of girl students in New York, known as the Academy Kewpies met in an election of officers meeting in the assembly room of the New York Academy, Saturday, December 4, and elected the following officers temporarily. President Miss Ethel Kirby, vice-president Elina Barnes, secretary Ethel Dressel, financial secretary Dorothy Henderson treasurer Margaret Buckley captain of the basketball team Navy Foster, press agent, Iris Scribner, and manager of the basketball team Bermice Berkeley. The council composed mostly of the New York Academy girls, Julia Richman High School, Wadley High School and Washington Irving High School of New York City, and their hope is to establish a very substantial and hopeful athletic club here in the city. AFRICAN STUDENTS MEET AT ATLANTA GA. The Mta in Students in the United States will hold their third annual conference in Atlanta, Ga., December 16-18 1921. The officers are G. Blovah, president, Dr. Dauw University, Ind., S. R. Nefalo, vice president, Boston University, Rev. H. Tual, treasurer, Elkhurt, Ind. J. E. Moorland, chairman African Student Fund, secretaries, S. M. Skoune, Professor of Church History, Tuskegee, W. B. Gerebey, Ohio Wesleyan University, Ohio, and Amanda Mason, Wilberforce University, Ohio. By Mt. Men. FRED A. FOOTE, B. A. Secretary General Parent Body, U. N. I. A. The great Christmas message heralded forth from the angel's votes over nineteen centuries ago, rings anew in our ears today: "Peace on the earth to men and nations where selfishness doth not reign." Dearm today seems to be the cry upon the lips of mankind. Since the dawn of creation men have been trying to solve the problem of miniatrophy and to answer the question of old. "Where is thy brother?" But after all of these years of the teachings of the propheta, the Man Jesus, the philosophers and the moralists, still we hear almost insaudible the cry. "Where is thy brother?" Every nation and race today is saying, "Am I my brother's keeper, or am I my own keeper?" Selfishness seems to have taken such a hold upon humanity that it is holding the world at bay and dares it to move forward. Selfishness attempts to set at naught the great kingdoms and their august demands. Individualism, when consistent, is strictly self-centered. It is occupied with its own ego. It ignores everything outside of its own circle. When it ceases to do this it causes strictly to be individualistic. Now, it does more. It not only sets all others at naught, but also seeks to subordinate humanity and all things beside its own aggrandisement. It would turn heaven and earth, man and God, into its servant and slave. It never can succeed. The milks of the universe will grind it to powder first. This is why the self must be sacrificed, the individualistic ego overcome, the particular raised up into the universal. This is the only true thing to do with self. It must not act as though it were not a part. It must not attempt to unhook its innumerable fastenings. It must not try to set at naught the universe. And it must not undertake to subordinate the universe and God to its own ego. Rather it must live, as a part ever must, in the mutuality and harmony of law. The basic and fatal fault with self-lihness is that it ignores the mighty whole of which it is part. And when observed closely it is discovered to be self-contradictory as well. It may by its attitude, "I am, and beside me there is no other of worth." And as the same time it seeks to subordinate all other persons and things to its own private india. In the same lot, it both demies and affirma. It says: "You are naught to me," and at the same time, "You are some bad for my private gain." It cannot be totally unregardless of the not-as-sure, yet it regards it only as means. Thereby once more it becomes false. Consequently he is immeasurably obligated to a life of mutuality and reciprocity. He may not ignore any fact—world. Much less may he try to subordinate the great world—all to his own ego. But it is precisely this that individualism tries to do. Therefore it becomes selfishness, and, like all selfishness, in its double attitude self-contradictory and finally abnormal. The universe is broad, but there is no room in it for selfishness. There is room only for devotion and co-operation. There is no place whatever for individualistic nor national selfishness in either a life or a cosmos that God alone has created and made. Fellow members of the Negro race, will you not heed the Christmas message and teach to this godless civilization, this selfish age, that God hath made of one blood all nations of men for to dwell upon the face of the earth and that He hath appointed the bounds of their habitation, and never will men, races, or nations have peace-until they shall extricate themselves from the selfhness that now envelopes them. Yet, only when the sovereignty of all nations is respected, whether great or small, strong or weak, shall we have peace; nations must remember that the life that will not live for others is doomed to blight and atrophy, or worse. The law of self realization is the law of self sacrifice and social service. Egotism is death, altruism is life. "He that findeth his life shall lose it, but that loatheth his life shall find it." enchanted by cultivation than others, but none in themselves nobler than others. All are in like degree designed for freedom; a freedom which in the ruder condition of society belongs only to the individual, but which in social status enjoins a political institutions, appertains as a right to the whole community. If we would indicate an idea which throughout the whole course of history has ever more and more widely extended to the empire, or which more than any other testifies to much contested and still more decidedly misunderstood perfectibility of the human race, it is that of establishing our common humanity of striving to move the barriers which selfishness, prejudice and limited views of every kind have erected among men, and to treat all mankind without reference to religion, race, nation or color, as one fraternity, one great community, fitted for the attainment of one object, the unrestrained development of the physical powers. This is the ultimate and highest aim of society, identical with the direction implanted by nature in the mind of man towards the indefinite extension of his existence. He regards the earth in all its limits, and the heavens so far as his eyes can see their bright and starry depths, as inwardly as his own, given to him as the objects of his contemplation and as a field for the development of his energies. Even the child longs to pass the hills, or the fields which enclose its narrow home, yet, when his eager steps have borne him beyond those limits, he pines like the plant, for his native soil, and it is by this touching and beautiful attribute of man—this longing for that which is unknown, this fond remembrance for that which is lost—that he is spared from an exclusive attachment to the present. Thus deeply rooted in the innermost nature of man, and even enjoining upon him by the highest tendencies, the recognition of the bond of humanity becomes one of the noblest leading principles in the history of mankind. As a race we have remained silent too long, remember he who abstains is taken at his word; he does not advance, falls back; he who stope is overwhelmed, distanced, crushed; he who leaves off, gives up, the stationary condition is the beginning of the end—it is the terrible symptom which precedes death. To live is to achieve a perpetual triumph; it is to assert one's self against destruction. It is to will without causing. It is only weak people who become despondent at difficulties, or discouraged when things are not always bright. Africa our Motherland has remained dormant from Negro interest for many years. Some of the old generation is gone, others are going. What will the new bring us? A free and redeemed Africa? What shall we ourselves contribute? Who is preparing to bear the weight of the future? A shiver raises us when the ranks grow thin around us, when time is stealing upon us, and when destiny says to us as a race, "Show what is in thee; now is the time for action or else fall back into nothingness!" Men and women of the race, this is your day! Give the world thy measure, say thy word, reveal thy nullity or thy capacity. Come forth out of thy lathargy. It is no longer a question of talking and promising—thou must perform. The time of apprenticeship is over. Servant, show us what thou hast done with the talent! Who knowest whether or not God has destined that you should teach the world the brotherhood of man. Will you speak now or forever hold your peace? This appeal of the race is a solemn summons in the life of the Negro, column and awful as the trumpet of the last judgment. It crises, "Art thou ready?" Give, give an account of thy years, thy leisure, thy education, thy physical capacity, thy talent, thy worka. Now and here is the hour of great hearts, the hour of heroism and genius. Why depend on others to give us liberty and freedom? To be dependent is to me terrible; but to depend upon what is irreparable, arbitrary and unforeseen, and above all to be dependent by my own fault and through my own neglect, to give up liberty and hope, to stay sleep and happiness—this would be hell. Today more than over we are stirred by the voice of liberty because of the selfishness of the world, and we re-echo the words of the motto of Liberia. "The love of liberty brought us here" (to realise our position in the world), for we behold on every hand nations and peoples striving for freedom and liberty to the detriment of other nations and people, unheeded of the cry that, "If the strong oppresses the weak, sorrow and discontent will ever mark the path of man, and the peace which God is working toward for all mankind will never be accomplished, until the nations realise righteousness emulate a nation, but that sin (sufficiency) is a revival to any nation." Christmas Message of His Eminence, Cardinal O'Connell, Archbishop of Boston CHRISTMAS COMMEMORATES THE BIRTH OF OUR REDEEMER HE WILL SAVE ALL, IR RESPECTIVE OF RACE I very much regret the delay on for- warding this article, but some was un- avoidable due to pressure of duties at this time. I trust it will be satisfactory. With best wishes I am. The race is now standing at the end of one era and the beginning of another. The world war marks the epochal transition. We are marking time rather than marching forward. Our churches are augmenting in number rather than gaining in spiritual power. Our schools are gaining in efficiency but waning in moral energy and inspirational appeal. Our political life is retrograde in business enterprise alone is there encouraging indication of a progressive spirit. The burden of race reclamation is shifting from philanthropy to our own withdrawn the sword from the scubard; it will not again be sheathed until you continent of Africa shall be wholly in the hands of the race of color. The black man's nims are upward, striving to practice the angelic message of peace unto all men, upward amid the pussie critics' crises, through the paths of diabolical mobs, whose barbarous acts have destroyed the thousands of innocent victims by bellish lynch laws, where the civil laws have raised up mounts of political discrimination to thwart his onward progress. Yea, from the religious, educational and legal rostrums the cry of demagoguery is being made against him whose future shall leave them staggering in the moral and economic paths of retrogression while he, the black man, on the heights of perfection will look down on his slanderous critics, whose race bloody struggle and competition by the greed of selfishness and territorial expansion shall have their progress arrested and devitalized. Patience and long suffering are virtues; but when by impassion they shall have become to moral anger and impatience, let those who have been the cause of so spontaneous a change seek a hasty retreat and amend the injury. Peace on earth to men of good will - Not peace, but a sword. Which shall it be? And the world awaits in silence shoulders. The future survival of philanthropy will be material, executive and advisory. It can no longer be intimate and directive. Two generations of philanthropy have wrought in vain unless the Negro has been enabled thereby to walk on his own foot. The only help that is worth while in the help which helps the helpless to help himself. The Negro must henceward furnish his own leadership and guide his own segregated life which he is forced to live apart. Race co-operation, not race control, is the way for the future. The best elements of the two must unite in the spirit of mutual respect and good will for the common weal. Ten million Negroes possess all of the potentialities of civilization. But like the wild water power of our mighty rivers they have been going to waste for all of the centuries. Slavey harnessed the Negro's animal and mechanical powers to the crude task of the South's industrial needs. The new task of Negro leadership is to gear up his latent powers to the engineering of race uplift and reclamation. NEGRO FARMERS' AND TRUCKERS CONFERENCE CALLED IN SOUTH ALABAMA The annual Farmers' and Truckers' Conference, of which Isatah J Whitley is founder, has been set for Wednesday January 25, 1922. This movement was started ten years ago by calling together a few local farmers and truckers in the Plainau community. This grew until the entire county was taken in. Now the conference covers twelve counties in South Alabama. The attendance last year was over 500 farmers and their wives. It is the plan of the conference this year to conduct demonstrations and object lessons in the various phases of farming and community life which should prove helpful to everyone attending the conference. On the same day and at the same place there will be a women's conference, which will bring colored women from all over the district to discuss homemaking, poultry raising, and gardening. A conference also of rural ministers will be held, where the preachers pastoring in the rural district will discuss the rural church and how it may aid in the uplift of the community. Letters are also being sent out inviting the school improvement Christmas minence, Ca Archbishop COMMEMORATES WILL SAVE ALL, IR ARCHBISHOP'S HOUSE GRANBY STREET BOSTON Marcus Garvey, President-Generalation, 56 West 135th Street, New Y Dear Mr. Garvey-I have received I am happy to take this occasion to four million members of the Universal The Catholic Church has at all tim Mr. Marcus Garvey, President-General Universal Negro Improvement Association, 56 West 135th Street, New York City: Dear Mr. Garvey—I have received your communication of November 5th and I am happy to take this occasion to extend my cordial Christmas greetings to the four million members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. The Catholic Church has at all times been solicitous about the welfare and advancement of the Negro race. Her missionaries have tolled for generations in their behalf and numbered among her blessed are the martyrs of Uganda, whom she especially honors and venerates. The approaching season of Christmas, during which we commemorate the birth of our Redeemer, who dwelt amongst us that He might save all irrespective of race or rank, should move the minds of men to the highest things of life and turn from their hearts the bias and prejudice which tend to arouse race antagonism or hatred. May we ever remember that we are all beloved by the Most Blessed Master whose repeated charge was "Little children, love one another," and may His blessing descend upon us all during this holy time and abide with us for eternity. There is no "fundamental, eternal inescapable difference" of race which the Negro can recognize in any mood. The Negro must stand, if he stands alone, for the intellectual, moral and spiritual unity of mankind. Religions must not surrender to race. Christianity must not be allowed to compromise with other. The task which develops upon the New Negro leadership is to great an any which falls upon human shoulders. An ideal must be formulated which is sufficiently tangible and definite to appeal to the whole race and quicken and inspire their dormant energies. Whether the ideal shall ultimate in America or on some distant continent boots but little. The thought is greater than the thing; doctrine is greater than deed. A principle is greater than a program. The ideal transcends the real. Let this be the fulcrum by which we shall uplift the race. I would say to the New Negro leadership, acquit yourselves like men, awake, artist, make ready the New way for the New day. (Signed) KELLY MILLER. associations in the various communities to send delegates for the purpose of organising an educational league Quite a number of speakers have been invited. Experts will be in charge of the various departments. COMMENCEMENT DEC. 16 The Braithwaite Shorthand School will hold its semi-annual commencement on Friday, December 16, at Laurel Garden, 75 East 116th street. The program is as follows: 1. The Star Spangled Banner 2. Shorthand and typewriting demonstration 3. Address Prof. Wm. H Perris 4. Graduation song, chorus 5. Bob, Miss Blanche Thornton 6. Presentation of diploma 7. Chosing address Principal. NEW WORK ON LIBERIA ON THE PRESS HIBERIA ON THE PRESS Mr Henry Francis Downing, of New York city, the well-known author and traveler, has written a very readable and instructive "Short History of Liberia." It will be published in the near future by the Poerious Publishing Co. 2354 Seventh avenue New York city. A Message on Cardinal O'C o of Boston THE BIRTH OF OUR RESPECTIVE OF R Universal Negro Improvement Assoc. York City: In your communication of November extend my cordial Christmas greeting Negro Improvement Association. has been solicitous about the welfare missionaries have tollled for generation less are the martwa of Umanda, w To the Officers and Members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association It is with great pleasure that I accept the invitation of your pleasant leader and president general to greet you through the Negro World in the 1921 season of greetings. I am interested in the masses of Negro people everywhere and in the different strivings of black men and women to better their condition in the world. Your cause is my cause. Your success is my success. Your failure would be my failure. I know of nothing that should be more desirable to a wine black man than a world organization of Negro people with real power in it. Four hundred million people should be a world power, and there can be no such power without organization. There should be a Negro State, territorially delimited. The most appropriate place on earth for it is AFRICA. Consider that Limitation of Arms Conference and be wise: It has in it representatives of White men, Yellow man and Brown man, but not of Black men. Four hundred million Negroes are not represented, 65,000,000 Japanese are represented. Why? Because the Japanese, the fewer in number, are organized. The Chinese are more nearly like the Negroes; they are numerous, but loosely organized, and are therefore not recognized in this conference except in so far as their interests cross the interests of the better organized Whites—the English, French and Americans. Even Belgium and Holland, about the size of a man's fist on a large-scale map, are recognized above China. There are more Chinese in the world than of any other people, but they are only a mass and not an organization. There are more Chinese in China than there are White people in England, added to the United States, added to France, added to Italy, added to Ireland, Belgium, Holland, Australia, Canada and the other really White countries. But Chinese are divided, and when a people is divided, the more numerous it is, the weaker it is, for the individuals are in each other's way. There are dimensions in China; North China fights South China; East China knows little of West China; and the middle of China is a world by itself. China with its factions is always in its own way and stumbling over itself. Japan has only 65,000,000 or so, but they are organized. China has 650,000,000 or more, but they are fighting each other. If China were as well organised as in Japan, China would be the greatest power represented in Washington today. For an individual Chinese is worth as much as an individual Japanese, or more. He has just as many teeth in his head, just as many legs on his body, just as many quartes of blood in his veins, just as much brains, and (in the opinion of white people) more honesty and sounder morals. But the Japanese get more recognition. Why? Because power can at least almost further than morals. Japanese are an organization. Chinese are almost merely individuals. IF YOU SUCCRED IN YOUR AIMS, FUTURE WORLD CONFERENCES WILL HAVE BLACK MEN IN THEM. The Black people of the world, and especially of Africa and the Americas, should stand in organized accord, so that 800,000,000 black fists may strike on the same side and not against each other. In the Great Cause count me a humble co-worker. WW. PICKENS 260 West 11th Street, New York N. Y. November 8, 1921. Negro World 16 West 14th Street, New York. Telephone: 212-777-8111 Correspondence are required to write on one side of the paper and sign all communications even if a non-diploma is used for publication. Unless these rules are complied with communications will receive no consideration. We also invite our readers to send or bring us any clipping or news which in their opinion will interest the public. Unlike our contemporaries we will not change advertising or other role for publishing any news item that is of The Negro World does not knowingly accept questionable or fraudulent advertising. Readers of the Negro World are earnestly requested to invite our attention to any failure on the part of an advertiser to adhere to any representation contained in a Negro World advertisement. SOCRATES AND JESUS A we visited the sub post office at 140th street and Eighth avenue, Harlem, yesterday, we saw the station packed and jammed with people sending Christmas presents through the U.S. mails. Downtown we saw the stores crowded with people buying things to give or send to their friends. At midnight, when Christmas will be ushered in, groups of people will walk around in villages, towns and cities, singing Christmas carols. Christmas Eve or on the night after Christmas the children will assemble to receive presents from heavy-laden fir trees, which will be lighted with candles of vafied colors. On Christmas morning the children will wake up to find stockings laden with presents dangling from Christmas trees. And on Sunday morning and Sunday evening, December 25, the churches will be crowded with people to hear the surpiced choirs sing Christmas anthems. Why the stir and bustle, why the giving and receiving of presents, why the joy and festivities, why the people going around singing "Wish you a Merry Christmas"? Don't you know? They are celebrating the birthday of a Child who was born in Bethlehem of Judah a little over nineteen centuries ago, who was called at first Jesus of Nazareth and then Jesus the Christ. In chapter 2, verses 8 to 11 in the Gospel according to St. Luke, we read these words "And there were in the same country shepherds abiding in the field keeping watch over their flock by night. And lo, the angel of the Lord shone round about them. And they were soe afraid. And the angel said unto them: 'Fear not, for behold, I bring you good tidings of great joy, which shall be to all people. For unto you is born this day in the city of David a Savior, which is Christ, the Lord.'" Socrates and Jesus were the two men in antiquity who set loose currents of human thought which are flowing still. Both walked around, speaking in public places. Both gathered around them devoted groups of disciples. Both offended those high up in authority. Both were charged with teaching dangerous doctrines. Both were put to death. Socrates was forced to drink the cup of Hemlock Jesus was executed on the tybault of his nation, between two criminals. Socrates had two biographers, Nenophon and Plato, to tell of his life and death. Jesus had four biographers, Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, to tell of his life and death. Socrates had one disciple, Plato, to unfold the philosophical implications of his thought. Jesus had one disciple, John, to unfold the philosophical implication of his thought. Socrates had an admirer, Aristotle, who was not a disciple, to give a permanent setting for the doctrines that he taught. Jesus had an admirer, the Apostle Paul, who was not a disciple, to give a permanent setting for the doctrines that he taught. But there the parallelism ends. Socrates for two thousand years through the philosophy of Aristotle dominated the thought of Europe. But Jesus launched a spiritual movement which affected the lives as well as the thoughts of men and swept like a tidal wave over the Roman Empire, then swept up the barbarians who overthrew Rome, carrying them along. Then it moved on with resistless force over the modern world. Even the civilized nations, which have departed from his teachings, like to enroll themselves under his name. The movement in human thought launched by Socrates lacked the power to revive the drooping spirits of men. But the movement in human thought launched by Jesus of Nazareth breathed the breath of a new spiritual life into a dying world. Ancestors, the inspirer of Socrates, the friend of Pericles, who had studied in Egypt, said that different kinds of elements could still get together and build up one world unless "Nous," some mind was present guiding and directing them. That led Socrates, Plato and others to see an intelligence back of and behind the universe, understanding itself in the forces of nature. But Jesus went a step further. He said that the Lower behind the universe was the Father whose spiritually loved life sons and daughters and destined them for the human life. In the 12th chapter of Luke, 24th and 27th verses, when Jesus said, "Consider the ravens, for they neither sow nor plant, neither keep storehouse nor barn, and God feedeth them, nor can they better deal, the fowls? . . . Consider the ravens which grow, they tell with, they spin not, and yet I say, they grow in the earth, in all his story was not arrayed as one of the ravens, to contain the grass, which is today in the field, and to contain the earth, how much more will He clothe Appian Way with the eagles fluttering before the columns of the victorious legions. Everywhere his eye gazed he saw Rome as the incarnation of material power, grandeur and majesty, as the embodiment of earthly pomp and glory. Perhaps he might have thought, "How vain and foolish for me to match my strength against the might and majesty of Rome whose empire embraces the known civilized world whose frontiers extend into the domains of barbary tribes." But on one of the fact that he was the ambassador and ministerplempententary of a Being who was mightier than the Roman Caesar, conscious of the fact that he represented a moral force which was more powerful than the disciplined armies of Rome, he know that the lofty ideals, the alluring ideals which Jesus of Nazareth gave utterance to and which he championed would one day take possession of the Roman Empire and become such a force that even the Caesar on his throne must reckon with it. While solitude is still enthroned in the lives of man and nations today, while the strong oppress the weak and while the black man is not regarded as created in the Divine image as a being into whose nostrils God breathed the breath of a spiritual life, even though he was rested out of the dust of the earth, we must not sleep apart. The God Man who taught by the Sea of Galilee and in the hells of Palestine in six hundred years ago proclaimed truths that the world will never willingly let die, truths which have entered into the spiritual inheritance of the human race and will ultimately prevail. The mills of the Gods grind slowly, but their grind ex RECONSTRUCTION—THE FIRST RALLIES on history are always interest- structive. The history of reconstruction, wi- th and culminated in 1868, viewed in the high- lights a parallel, the like of which will be dith- istory of any country outside of the United e triumph of the North over the South, war which resulted in the overthrow of the tis growing out of this war, made recon- tection of the individual and the prosperity to be reconstructed and restored to the Union ly formed a part. The magnanimity of the covered in the Northern character a broa- bled by any people in war or peace. With the atox, and Grant's message to all the world, with in the excess of its joy over the happy c had cost the nation millions of treasure and lives, accepted in all good faith, the result and forgot, as gracefully as it could, all the possible, which had desolated the hoo- sherners alike. Its slogan was, "The Umo- w and forever, and with patriotic zeal, the very energy, resorted to every honorable and to civilized nations, to solidify into one het- and the vanquished. With one voice the RECONSTRUCTION—THE FINALE PARALLELS in history are always interesting and often constructive. The history of reconstruction, which began in 1805 and culminated in 1808, viewed in the light of current history turns-shes a parallel, the like of which will be difficult to find in the internal history of any country outside of the United States. The triumph of the North over the South, after a four years bloody war which resulted in the overthrow of the slave power, and the evils growing out of this war, made reconstruction necessary for the protection of the individual and the perpetuity of the States which were to be reconstructed and restored to the Union, of which they had originally formed a part. The magnanimity of the victorious conquerers discovered in the Northern character a broad-mindedness rarely exhibited by any people in war or peace. With the surrender of Lee at Appomattox, and Grant's message to all the world, "Let us have peace, the North, in the excess of its joy over the happy culmination of a war which had cost the nation millions of treasure and hundreds of thousands of lives, are pled in all good faith, the results of that fratracial contest and forgat, as gracefully as it could, all the causes which had made it possible, and which had desolated the homes of Northerners and Southerners alike. Its slogan was, "The Union, one and inseparable, now and forever, and with patriotic zeal, the magnanimous North bent every energy, resorted to every honorable and legitimate method known to civilized nations, to solidify into one heterogeneous body, the victors and the vanquished. With one voice the North cried. "Our Union is river like ocean and sky. Man breaks not the medal when God cuts it at the men of the South, whose pride had been devastated, whose property had been to be contraband of war, were unwilling to in good faith, the terms proposed for a better understanding of the relations which the South. They entered into the compact, however, and broke faith with the government, which them to renew, under certain conditions, that the general government and accepted them in terms, as though they had never rebelled again, which the Federal Government offered to the United States were construed by some of them to be in having despoiled them or their cherished and State sovereignty, which had been shot to the ground battlefields of the war just ended, and for among them refused to subscribe to the oath of the authority of the United States. They and to this day are still rebels at heart, who loyal to the Constitution and to the flag, whose protection around victor and vanquished construction was only a temporary ban in life was largely responsible for the legislation. Far seeing white men of the South could form harmony with the reconstruction idea, because and economic advantages which would ultrafit of the South if they had been given a fa "Negro domination," so they began to make popular by descreting it and vilifying the men. The Negroes in the legislatures of some of the revived a keen desire to prove their right to that they had ideas, and to these black men be production of remedial and reformatory legislation to improve conditions in these States, among it of the tree public school system, which is away in many of these States. The desire orded more freedom for his wings did not meet what of the white South, as it saw, with tolerated proletariat in a section of the country dependent on the labor of the blacks to till it the supremacy, and so the reconstruction idea was destroyed by a campaign of lying, villainy necessary, the application of force. We two white brothers kissed and made up a own devices and compelled to "root log or of as we are told in the President's Birmingham South. "For him the Republican party is not the sea," as Frederick Douglass once said. Hard, and it is perhaps well that he has been placed, politically, that we were when we began an game of politics. We stand alone with our moment, and some of us are beginning to re truth, and nothing but the truth of the world. Man breaks not the medal when God cuts the gill But the men of the South, whose pride had been humbled, whose homes had been devastated, whose property had been contiscaled, and declared to be contraband of war, were unwilling to accept unreservedly, or in good faith, the terms proposed for a more perfect Union and better understanding of the relations which the victors sought to establish. They entered into the compact, however, with mental reservation and broke faith with the government, which had generously permitted them to renew, under certain conditions, their former relations with the general government and accepted them into the Union with open arms, as though they had never rebelled against it. The liberal terms which the Federal Government offered to these rebelant and wayward States were construed by some of them to be a confession of its guilt in having despoiled them of their cherished institutions—human slavery and State sovereignty, which had been shot to death on more than a hundred battlefields of the war just ended, and for years the stoutest hearts among them refused to subscribe to the oath of allegiance or to respect the authority of the United States. They were a stittt necked people, and to this day are still rebels at heart, while openly professing to be loyal to the Constitution and to the flag, which now throws the regi of its protection around victor and vanquished alike. Resconstruction was only a temporary benefit to the Negro in our day. He was largely responsible for the legislation which called it into being. Far seeing white men of the South could not bring themselves into harmony with the reconstruction idea, because of the political, industrial and economic advantages which would ultimately accrue to the Negroes of the South if they had been given a fair chance and their fear of "Negro domination," so they began to make the reconstruction idea unpopular by discrediting it and vilifying the men who had brought it about. The Negroes in the legislatures of some of these reconstruction States evinced a keen desire to prove their right to be, and to demonstrate that they had ideas, and to these black men belongs the credit for the introduction of remedial and reformatory legislation, which was intended to improve conditions in these States, among which was the establishment of the tree public school system, which is still in operation in a small way in many of these States. The desire of the Negro for more light and more freedom for his wings did not meet with the whole-hearted approval of the white South, as it saw, with tolerably clear vision, that an educated proletariat in a section of the country which had latterly been dependent on the labor of the blacks to till it fields was a menace to white supremacy, and so the reconstruction idea must be destroyed, and it was destroyed by a campaign of lying, vilification, slaughter, and when necessary, the application of force. The two white brothers kissed and made up and the Nost was left to his own devices and compiled to "root beg or die" he must now do, and as we are told in the President's Birmingham speech, North is well as South, "For him the Republican party is no longer the ship and all else the sea," as Frederick Douglass once said. He has been clucked overboard, and it is perhaps well that he has been. We are now in the same place, politically, that we were when we began playing the great American game of politics. We stand alone with our experience and our distillationment, and some of us are beginning to realize the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth of the words of hymnologist "This world is all a fleeting show To man's illusion given, The smiles of joy, the tears of woe Decent shine, deceitful flow, There's nothing true but heaven." IN THE OPEN OR four years the Universal Negro Improvment has been calling to Negroes to come together of doing things on their own initiative. The four work comparatively uneventful, exceptation, which was itself an event of considerable followed the rapid spread of the idea, which sections of an international character, and the aggrievement and other signs of a commercial success. For a long time no one spoke derogate FOR four years the Universal Negro Improvement Association has been calling to Negroes to come together for the purpose of doing things on their own initiative. The first two years of this four word comparatively uneventful, except for the idea of the organisation, which was itself an event of considerable importance. Then followed the rapid spread of the idea, which resulted in two conventions of an international character, and in steamships, business, corporation and other signs of a commercial swallowing among Northmen. For a long time no one stole deterritory of the U. N. I A for the same reason that no one speaks derogatory of a baby, but praises its every act, but sensible or ridiculous. But after the rising of the first convention, the convention which brought into being so much constructive legislation to advance the interest of the Negroes throughout the world and particularly those of Africa, the evil spirit got busy. And strange to say that this evil spirit, like in the days of Chast came from among the recipients of what benefits this association has to offer. In a comingly devised criticism, a part of which is at least to be untrue in a subsequent article, Dr Du Bois opened the warfare to the crisis. From that time on the U N I A has come down to the mass of the American people in a rather vague indulgence was never its true state as an organization working to unite the Negroes of the world in the cause of African redemption and their general advancement. But in spite of misrepresentation this organization has met with great favor among the masses who are turning to it as the real savior of the race, so much so until there is ground alarm in certain quarters of those who had profited in the enslavement of the Negro. Because of this attitude on the part of the mass of the Negroanda against the association is multiplying. Do what leader will at first left the organization to the Negro leader to suppress through their newspapers are beginning to see that these agencies are not disposed to crush this great movement. They are, therefore, turning to their own great dathies and magazines to accuse what has not been accomplished through the colored press. In their desperation they are becoming mold, and disclosing their real purpose, which is to destroy the idea which would question for a moment the right to the white man to think for the rest of humanity. Negroes themselves must not be deceived any longer by these patronizing white friends; the race supported by a class of Negroes who are without initiative, backbone or pride, men who have come into our told to separate and destroy rather than to unite and bind colored people must study this program for themselves, interpret it for themselves and not leave such important things to the white man who cannot possibly know the longings of a black heart. The I.N.A. we come of racism from colored individuals and organizations for we feel that much of this criticism comes in the nature of helpful suggestions, but we have a right to suspect a deal of the bank coming from these white philanthropists who consider it impartment for a Negro to think in the terms of African redemption. The right is on. It is best that the members and friends of the association know this. It was not started by us, rather we have sought intensely the way of peace. But if they must have war—and it seems that they must—we will carry the light to the great American heart, and let our case rest there with full confidence that the facts will not us Victor before the bar of public opinion. Curtis L. the department, we have taught to it ROBERT L. POSTON BETWEEN TWO MOUNTAINS Toul RL is a race of realists in themselves as the official acidist the development of the Natives are impatient. It is too sweet dynamic in its philosophy, its leader lectual passivity to suit them. As regards the National Association People they deride it as pacifist Dr. Du Bois they wave a blood-red "revolutionary" methods, strike at the hands with Soviet Russia." But the intellect and a monument of power gloved hands and gazes at the sun world! Another characteristic of these attitude toward Negro leaders. Wid distinction comes before the public to impart expert information on eva. This is irritating, to say the least, so much a desire on the part of the an academic attempt to parade their it is heartening to know that the morals in Negro life, as the age of teaching among us is long past analogous to a wandering sheep or must link up our destiny with the view of the Negro problem. As with for you or against you Toul RL is a race of idealists in Harlem who like to think of themselves as the official acid-testers of all theories advanced for the development of the Negro. With the Garvey movement they are impatient. It is too sweeping in its vision, too confoundedly dynamic in its philosophy, its leader is too iron-fisted in an age of intellectual passivity to suit them. As regards the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People they deride it as pacifistic, weak-kneed, scophantic. Toward Dr. Du Bois they wave a blood-red flag, beseeching him to abandon his revolutionary" methods, strike at the heart of white capitalism, and "join hands with Soviet Russia." But the Sphinx of Fifth avenue, a god of intellect and a monument of power, sneers at them, folds his white-gloved hands and gazes at the sublime prospect of life in a warless world. Another characteristic of these dyed-in-the-wool Lemmists is their attitude toward Negro leaders. Whenever a man who is accorded that distinction comes before the public to talk on a given topic he is expected to impart expert information on every imaginable subject in the world. This is irritating, to say the least, and the irony of it is that it is not so much a desire on the part of the bourgeois to obtain information, but an academic attempt to parade their intelligence. It is heartening to know that this element constitutes a harmless minority in Negro life, as the age tor stupid criticism and iconoclastic teaching among us is long past. The so-called "untethered" Negro is analogous to a wandering sheep or a ship in roaring storm. All of us must link up our destinies with the organization that best expresses our view of the Negro problem. As with Christianity, a man must be either for you or against you. E. D. W. THE TRAGEDY OF WEAPON LESS CHINA PITY OLD CHINA PITY OLD CHINA Observe Why Nobody Pays Attention to Her Those that think the United States should disarm to prove its sweet condition on the good intentions of others, read the Trial of the Chinese delegation, which he just the conference treats China with contempt. China is treated with contempt by Japan, having 60,000 people killed and killed by Japanese people. England and France have the population than Japan and the United States with 10,000,000 people. China alone has about double the population of the United States. England, Japan and France are called into the way do the treaty with China. Because she has NO WILL, WOKE with which to defend herself. In the United States of China, con- dition, and the country also would be treated with contempt. Why do every- body howl at the Japanese? BECAUSE SHE KEPT HERSELF WELL ARMED and is ready to fight at the altar of what We do not need to LIGHT but we DO need TO BE READY. "The hundreds of millions of Chinese are brave, fearless of death, but nobody pays any attention to them. THEY HAVE NO WAYS." - New York America. DR. D. D. LEWIS VISITS NEW YORK Dr D D Lewis who conducts a health sanitarium in Montreal, Canada, which is patronised by the wealthiest and most prominent citizens, is paying a brief visit to New York city. He was elected Surgeon-General of the U. N. I. A. at the convention held in August, 1930, a position now held by Dr J. D Gibson, but Dr Lewis' businesses interests prevented his leaving Canada. Dr. Lewis is still interested in the U. N. I. A. and occupied a spot on the platforms on Sunday night. in Harlem who like to thank or themesters of all theories advanced for Negro. With the Garvey movement coming in its vision, too confoundedly is too iron-fisted in an age of intel- lization for the Advancement of Colo- ne, weak-kneel, scophantie. Toward flag, beseeching him to abandon his heart of white capitalism, and "join the Sphinx of Fifth avenue, a god of war, sneers at them, folds his white-volume prospect of life in a warless died-in-the-wool Lemnists is their whencever a man who is accorded that to talk on a given topic he is expected to imaginable subject in the world, and the arony of it is that it is not bourgeois to obtain information, but intelligence. The element constitutes a harmless mirror stupid criticism and iconoclastic the so-called "untethered" Negro is a ship in roaring storm. All of us organization that best expresses our Christianity, a man must be other E. D. W. THE LITERARY CLUB U. N. I. A. MONTREAL DIVISION The Literary Club held its regular weekly meeting at 263 St. Antiope street on Tuesday, December 6. The Lyric Musical Orchestra was in attendance. Mr C Este addressed on the "Study of Language." Whether you agreed or disagreed with him in that the African did not preserve his language and therefore has none, that this is the cause of much of his misfortune in other statements, he handled the question ably. The question, "In War Necessary for the Progress of Civilization," was debated. Mr. Vaughn, seconded by Mr. Eate for the affirmative, Mr. Langton, seconded by Mr. Hall for the negative. The luminary of this debate however was Mr. Ready, the chief judge of the contest. It is a pity he was not a contientant. The vexing question of a hall or place of meeting of the Montreal Division of the U.N.A. was discussed as also arrangements for Christmas amusements for children and entertainments for adults. DETAILS OF JERSEY COMMISSIONER'S TOURS All divisions, branches and chapters of the Universal Negro Improvement Association in the State of New Jersey are requested to be on the lookout for the High Commissioner who is making an initial tour. His headquarters will be in Newark on and after December 12. Will be in Newark, Dec. 12 to 14; Elizabeth, Dec. 18 to 18, East Orange, Dec. 19 to 23, and Newark until and including January 1, 1922 HENRY HODGE. U N. I A. High Commissioner for New Jersey. INFORMATION WANTED Albert Edward Warner, a native of Antigua, is being sought by his wife, Mrs. M. J. Warner, 17 Jordan street, Cape Town, South Africa. Warner, who left his home at Cape Town 7 years ago, was supposed to have joined a ship of the Black Star Lion. Records, however, disprove that. Any information as to his whereabouts will be V. P. M LANGTON By-MARY WHITE OVINGTON Chairman of the Board of Directors of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People HACHEL "by Angela Ornell . . . Pub- lished by B. Cornhill Company, Park Boston Niger literature is seeking to drama One great play has been written for the Negro. "The Emperor Jesus," by the celebrated playwright Bengue Olln and Ridgley Torrence, the poet, has given us three lovely pastic bits of drama. Nwoyo Maumu. "The Rider of Dreams" and Simon the Cyrena. The colored people themselves, except in musical comedy and farce, have not turned to drama; expresection until very recently. When Miss Angelina Grimm, prefaced us with her three- play Kindle. Had he made a remarkable well it does not really up organization and business. Been it the realism the world is a little why Miss Orkney the age and not use the quotation that marks the significance of her ownness. Rachel weeping for her children is as they were not. This was and is a northern city and shows a widow with her son and daughter growing up in an favorable conditions as one expected to find the United States and not weighty show, by the rag dy of odor. Rachel herself was just as a girl of fifteen rich and happy a little tomboyish, with an unusual love for children. The maternal feeling is the deepest part of her nature. We are her young woman in the past are falling in love and promising to marry the hero of the man who is the best convincing character in it. Then through the sufferings of the little child whom she and her mother have adopted Rachel begins to feel with terrible intensity the tragedy of if in the colossal world. This part of the play is most exquisitely done one cannot get away from this new era of the children' and one understands the ending when the woman who cares for nothing so much as to ease children of her own, sends away her lover. In the last act, Rachel alone now tore the child she has brought into her; she is sobbing in his dreams. As she listens she weeps for her own child, that are never to be 'My little children! My little children! I shall never see—you—now. Your little brown, beautiful bodies—I shall never see your dimples, never hear your laughter, your tears, the beautiful, lovely feel of your love. (Beats her hands against her heart) Never—never—to be. But you are somewhere—and wherever you are you are mine! All of you! Every bit of you! Even God can't take you away! Little children! My little children! N more need you come to me—weeping- weeping. You may be happy now—you are safe! The play is a beautiful piece of art and, we hope, will mark the beginning of a series of great dramatic works by colored writers. Negro critics have declared it too pessimistic. Whether this be true or not, it is unfortunate that a work of art should be judged from the viewpoint of propaganda. The Negro today is unfortunately at a period in his development when he is apt to look upon everything written about him overensitively. Thus the Emperior Jones has been severely criticized because (as her hero has committed murder and throughout the play displays great fear) Supposing Shakespeare had been thus shackled by the critics of his time and had been unable to portray the character of Macbeth. But if Rachel seems too pessimistic to the colored world I have found it a noble piece of propaganda among the whites. Its central figure is lifelike and infinitely appealing. It has made its readers think, and—that—after all, is the most important thing that a book can do. WEDDING BELLS! WEDDING BELLS! WEDDING BELLS! Banc, Oriente, Cuba, Nov 29, 1821. A very pretty wedding was solemnized here yesterday in Liberty Hall. The parties concerned were Miss Albertha Tyrrell and Mr. Joseph Lewis, both active members of this division of the U. N. L. A. At 2:15 p. m. the bride, dressed in a white beaded not dress, leaning on the arm of Mr. A. Robina, entered Liberty Hall while Miss Evelyn Gooden, the bride's niece, played the wedding march. Mrs. Karah Wright was matron of honor, Miss Mabel Douglas maid of honor and Miss Rosetta Stewart bridemaid. There were many beautiful presents. The wedding ceremony was performed by the Rev. Charles Heywood of this town, after which the happy couple and guests left for the home of Mr. and Mrs. Gooden (bride's sister), where the reception was held. "Unity is strength." X. I. B. From The African Abroad, with descriptions Consider the story of the rise of man. He began life naked or wearing the skins of animals and swelling in caves. He was weak and frail in body compared to the animals that surrounded him, but he possessed a brain that could think and reason, and plan, and deterous hards that could execute. He first ate raw meat, and his first ruse weapons were a club and a heavy stone attached to a sling. He discovered the use of fire and began to cook his food and fashion stones and iron and steel implements and weapons. With the sword battles he appear, and bow and arrows he was more than a match for the animals. Mans first conquest was the conquest of the animal world. That he slaughtered the animals for food and killed them in self defense. Then he domesticated the horse, the cow, the goat the sheep, the dog, the cat and various kinds of the feathered tribe making them work for him, bear him on his journeys and supply him with food. But while he is making his conquest of the animal kingdom he is making his conquest over nature. First, he puts on clothing of skin or hair, and erects a rule tent or abelter to protect him from the temples and the blasts of winter. Then he begins to find pasturage for his sheep and medicine andalm from the roots and herbs. Then he begins to cultivate the earth and to wrest a living from the soil. Then he harnesses the wind, the waterfall, stream and electricity to do his work and carry him over land and sea, and light up his streets and cities. He even uses the other of space to transmit his message across the sea. He dies through the air with his aerospace and hammers. He reclaims the wilderness and the forest, transforming them into pristine cities. He makes quiet houses and savages hum with his muscular muscles. He erects his skyscrapers, builds artificial steamers, which are totally floating palaces, bridges, mountains and hills is mountains, counts the stars, measures their distances and magnitudes and computes the rapidity of their movements of the whirling suns and their planetary bodies. But while man has been doing this, I have been fighting and conquering his life, warning to dwell in peace and harmony with his fellows in the city, and has submitted himself to orderly care, subject to law and government, resting upon the family, which has been sanctioned by the imposition of marriage. What is an ancient plant's his foot first upon it? It begins to look up to skies and build the ideal world around it. A real world. First we have the world of mythology, which treats it as a world of expression in the Greek and Roman and Norse mythology, then we and men building altars to unknown and strange gods. Finally, "Hethiopian and Hebrew race gramped by monotheistic conception and the duality of the one and only God, took possession of mankind. And while man was doing that he was building up his art world constructing beautiful homes, composing sublime music, carving clay, and chiseling marble into the likeness of the human form making the canvas to speak with life, and erecting the Gates in temples and Gothic cathedrals. And while man was soaring into the real realms of religion he was building up the structure of his mathematical and scientific knowledge reading the history of the world in the renaissance and eras and reaching out to a knowledge of the starry sky as a vast But the Ethiopian and Egyptian priests the Hindoese over the Hebrew prophets, the Greek philosophers and sages of different lands were beginning to ask profound questions regarding the meaning and mystery of human life. They began to inquire about the why, the whence and the whither, and to ask. Where come it? Why am I here? Whither am I going? What can I know? What must I do? And what may I hope? Man asked these questions because he was a metaphysical being, who longed to get at the bottom of things, as well as a tolling, struggling, fighting being, who evolved a social and political life, expressed his yearnings in art and religion and his craving for a unitary conception of the universe in mathematics and science. Finally, comprehensive common embracing intellects like Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Kant, Hegel, Lotz, Royce and Ladd came along, who sought to unify the world of politics and government, the world of science and mathematics and the world of art and religion, and embrace all in that supreme fact of the universe which faith calls God and philosophy the Absolute Do we see that philosophy, psychology, sociology, political economy, history and literature but study the doctrines and achievements and yearnings and strivings of that-being, who is not attained when he has reared a roof over his head and has fed and clothed himself and his family, but who seeks to reconstruct the real world after the ideals of the human mind and to give expression in philosophy, religion, art and literature to the deathless hopes and immortal yearnings of the human soul and who does not fulfill the end of his being until he has realised "the mighty beings which make us men." The Birth of Jesus the Christ Friday, after great Greek thinkers—Anaxagoras, Socrates, Plato and Aristotle—unfathomed the wisdom of an- tiquity. Then the immortal Julius Caesar came upon the scene. He welded the Roman Empire from Britain to Asia, from Germany to Africa, into a unit. He integrated it and centralised its power in Rome and thus prepared the way for the spread of Greek culture, which culminated in the noble Stocal philosophy. The dying Graeco-Roman world and decaying Graeco-Roman civilization was losing its faith in the Gods of Mythology and the Eleusinian mysteries. It found some connecation but no inspiration in the Stocal philosophy. Then one night, a babe was born in a manger in Bethlehem, Judas, who was destined to change the course of human history. Three wise men from the East followed the blazing star that shone repleendent in the heavens that night. And the host of Angels are said to have sung in the heavens while shepherds kept their flocks by night because of the new spirit that was born to the earth that night. The magnetic presence of that Divine being, who spake as man never spake before, that the spell of its enchantment over life followers who were outrawn by the moral grandeur and moral sublimity of the man. He came to a spiritually ding world that was entailed with sinful pleasure that was weary with life that had jaded senses and a pellid palate that was tired of living. He came to men whose earthly lot was hard and bitter and said, I am come, that they might have life and might have it more abundantly. He set in motion a few uplifting thoughts that swept over the Roman Empire like a tidal wave, revivifying the hearts of men who were groping in the dark. His utterances regarding the Fatherhood of God, the Her thouood of Man, the Possibility of Regeneration and the Immortality of the soul gave to humanity a new hope, transformed human life and transfigured human character. And while poets tell of Santa Claus driving his reindeers from the north over the snow, preparing to come down the chimney laden with presents, while children hang up their stockings, while we set up Christmas trees, give presents, eat, drink and be merry, let us remember that our Christmas carols, our Christmas joys and festivities will be but sounding brass and tinkling cymbals, will be empty show, vain pomp and ceremony until "Peace on Earth, Good Will Towards Men" becomes the dominant motive in the lives of men and the policy of races and nations. AFRICA IS BLACK MAN'S LAND, SAYS WHITE AMERICAN Editor Ohio State Journal: I read with great interest the article of G. R. Christian in the issue of Nov- ember 23 relative to the colonization of Africa by the Negro race. I am a white man of the Anglo-Saxon race and I have always believed that this will be the solution of the race question. Africa for the Negro! is his native land and belongs to him exclusively. It is a large land, capable of maintaining the entire colored race. Africa is rich in all the minerals and other resources that any race would need, and Africa ought to belong exclusively to the Negro. It is a continent by itself, almost surrounded by water, and the Negro thus could have a land entirely to himself without coming into contact with the other races except in a business way. Why wouldn't it be a good idea for the Negro race to buy out all the property of the white races in Africa and let the white races, whoever they are, buy out the property of the Negro in America or anywhere else, paying him a good price for it, and in this way all the property held by the Negro in this country would pass into the hands of the white race and all the property held by the white races in Africa could become the property of the Negro. That is the same, the simplest solution of the race question, because it cannot and never will be settled in any other way. The Almighty when He made the different races never intended them all to live together, any more than He intended all kinds of fruit to grow on the same tree or all kinds of plants to grow in the same soil. He made them all different, and for a very wise purpose. One star differeth from another star in glory, and in His house are many mansions, many places of abode, many different ways of living. And the inhabitants of Mars and Venus, assuming that those planets are inhabited, are probably as far different as the most vivid imagination could conceive, and could not live together at all. Neither could our race live in either planet, as the, and we are constituted far differently The white man and the colored man can never live together in peace, socially or otherwise; they were never intended to, and the sooner the two races realize this the better for both of them, so it will have a vast amount of pain and suffering for the human race in the future, and Mr. Christian is right when he pleads for Africa for the Negro race. WHITE AMERICAN. Columbus, Nov. 28. THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1821 Translated from the French by Norval P. Barkada's of the University of Kansas A White Frenchman Among Negroes in New York TEXT OF TELEGRAM SENT TO CONFERENCE ON LIMITATION OF ARMAMENTS, NOV. 11, BY PROVISIONAL PRESIDENT OF AFRICA REPLY OF SECRETARY OF CONFERENCE President and Members of the International Conference on Disarmament, care of Secretary of Conference, Pan-American Building, Washington. "Honorable Gentlemen—I salute you in the name of Democracy and for the cause of Justice on behalf of the four hundred million Negroes of the world. Your Honorable Conference now sitting in Washington has a purpose that has been announced and advertised to the world for several months. You were called together by the President of the Democratic Republic of the United States of America to discuss the problem of armaments, the settlement of which you believe will ensure the perpetual peace of the world. As the elected spokesman of the Negro peoples of the world, who desire freedom—politically, industrially, educationally, socially and religiously, as well as a full enjoyment of world democracy and a national independence all our own on the Continent of Africa, it is for me to inform you of a little alight that has been shown to four hundred million Negroes who form a part of this world's population. At the Versailles Peace Conference the statesmen who gathered there made the awful mistake of legislating for the disposition of other people's lands (especially in Africa) without taking them into consideration, believing that a world peace could have been established after such a conference. The mistake is now apparent. There can be no peace among us mortals so long as the strong of humanity oppresses the weak, for in due process of time and through evolution the weak will one day turn, even like the worm, and then humanity's hope for peace will be shattered. All men have brains; some use their ability for inventing destructive implements of warfare, such as guns, agmpowder, gas and other destructive chemicals. The Negro for hundreds of years has attempted nothing destructive to the peace and good-will of humanity; in fact, he has not even made an attempt to make While we were curreptiously sipping excellent cocktails, which American prohibition makes even more delicious, one of my New York friends said to me "Do you want to go to the Negro section this evening?" I have learned that five thousand gentlemen of color are going to meet at Liberty Hall over on 133rd street. This large meeting was organised by the leaders of the party in honor of Marcus Garvey. It will be very interesting." "Marcus Garvey?" I asked. Who is this illustrious unknown?" "Mush up, you unfortunate creature! Have you never heard in France of this Moose of the Negro race, of the prophet of the oppressed race, of the President of the League of African Communities, and of the Association for the Amelioration of the Negro race, of His Excellency Marcus Garvey, of the Negro World, the most powerful Negro paper in the world." And, as I showed evidence of the greatest curiosity, my friend wished to initiate me at once. I therefore was informed that a new Booker Washington has been born among the blacks, an extraordinary man who synthesises in his strong personality the desire of his brothers for emancipation, and who nourishes in his fertile mind boundless ambitions. Marcus Garvey was born in Jamaica First printer, he later went to London, where he often visited Duse Mohamed Effendi, the champion of Egyptian independence, he traveled in Germany, France and the Orient, and everywhere he devoted himself to the study of ethnography. In 1912 he came to New York and confided his colossal plans to a noted Negre, who tried to dismude him from giving up his life for so long a time in the interest of fruitless propaganda, harvey was not discouraged, he modified his program and recommended his apostate when the European war began. The part played by the blacks in the great conflict caused him to think that the demobilized Negroes would return to their homes with new ideas in their minds relative to the right of people to choose their own destiny. But, warned by his first experience, Grey determined to study at first-hand the condition of the Afro-American before preaching in public his new gospel. He realised that there was, in New York, the richest and most prosperous Negro city of the world, he recalled the revelations of the American Minister of the Interior, who declared in 1917. No race is better adapted to the whites than the black race, which counts more than ten millions of the inhabitants of the United States. During the fifty years of their freedom the number of illiterates has decreased from 90 per cent. to 30 per cent. A million Negroes are at present farmers, and 250,000 blacks are owners of more than 20,000,000 acres of cultivated land. There are, in the South, 50,000 Negroes who follow the most varied professions, such as notaries, lawyers, doctors, bankers, etc. There are 500 Negro schools and colleges which are attended by 1,500,000 Negro youths. There are 45,000 churches, where 4,500,000 Negroes worship. During the war Negroes bought $225,000,000 worth of Liberty Bonds for the national defense. Naturally Garvey's ideas aroused from the beginning the most active TELEGRAM SENT TO CONFERENCE ON NOV. 11, BY PROVISIONAL PRINT REPLY OF SECRETARY OF CON November 11. 1921. of the International Conference of Secretary of Conference, Pan- washington. ten-I salute you in the name of use of Justice on behalf of the four of the world. Your Honorable in Washington has a purpose that opposition. His principal adversaries were, and still are, Dr. Moton, director of the Tuskogee Institute, colored, and the members of the black clergy. Dr. Moton preaches a close union between the whites and the blacks, connected by the common economic and moral interests. He stresses the existence in the United States of more than 50,000 enterprises directed exclusively by Negroes and, therefore, the need of the blacks to live in harmony with the whites, their educators. On the other hand, Dr. Du Bola, a Negro leader, adversary of Marcus Carvey, sees the progress of his race in the ballot and accession of the Negro to the legislative assemblies. Whatever he might have done, Marcus (Harvey) prepared his campaign. He had before him the reprehension of the Negroes to follow a new leader. He knew that above all it was necessary that he should make himself known and that he should bring himself before his colleagues. He worked to this end. He commenced by converting a dozen influential Negroes; he founded the Negro World, the origin of the league for the defense of the interests of the colored people. He endeavored to make his brothers realize that they represented to the world a population of 400,000,000, and that they all had as much right to their independence as the white or the yellow; he also founded the Black Star Line Steamship Company, which serves the principal Negro ports of America, Africa and East India. In short, he openly defied the other black leaders and publicly declared that they represented the departed days of a semi-slavery "where the Negroes still polish the CONFERENCE ON LIFE PROSIONAL PRESIDENT ARY OF CONFERENCE the world know that he is alive. the Negro will one day turn. I that your Honorable Conference Versailles, but that you realize a the Negro is a man, and that the world affairs without proper co him with his sights. the world know that he is alive, nevertheless like the worm the Negro will one day turn. I humbly ask you, therefore, that your Honorable Conference act not like the one at Versailles, but that you realize and appreciate the fact that the Negro is a man, and that there can be no settlement of world affairs without proper consideration being given to him with his rights. President Harding of America has but recently sounded the real cry of Democracy. He says to his own country, and I think it should be advice to the world—'Give the Negro equality in education, in politics, in industry—because he is entitled to human rights.' I humbly beg to recommend to your Honorable Conference those quoted words of President Harding. Negroes have blood, they have souls, and for the cause of liberty they feel that the conduct of men like Alexander, Hannibal, Caesar, Napoleon, Wellington, Lafayette, Garabaldi, Washington is imitable, and that peace not founded on real human justice will only be a mockery of the divine invocation, 'Peace, Perfect Peace.' I trust your Honorable Conference will not fail to take into consideration, therefore, that there are four hundred million Negroes in the world who demand Africa as their rightful heritage, even as the European claims Europe, and the Asiatic Asia. I pray that your Conference will not only be one of disarmament but that it will be a congregation of the 'Bigger Brotherhood,' through which Europe will see the rights of Asia, Asia and Europe see the rights of Africa and Africa and Asia see the rights of Europe, and accordingly give every race and nation their due, and let there be peace indeed. On behalf of the four hundred million Negroes of the world not represented at your Honorable Conference, I have the honor to be, "President General of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, and First Provisional President of Africa." In the invigilious, this principle chiefly operates in the restraints which it imposes upon their bad dispositions, and to it I must chiefly refer the wide difference between the actual conduct and character of men and that profounder deprivation and overflowing profligacy which would provail in the absence of all some of moral and religious obligations. It is, however, upon pleas minds that this principle operates with its fullest force. In them every act and enterprise is subordinated to this Universal Law. "Lord, what wilt They have me to do?" is the burden of every prayer. You labor to be approved unto God, and you are only satisfied with your own performances in proportion as all things have been done with a "single eye." You must eat, and drink to the glory of God. His claims to homage extend to every "word" and "act," and you charge yourselves to remember that you are to give account for all the deeds done in the body. Such a conviction of responsibility in proportion as if it is honesty entertained and obeyed, becomes the law of life; and impress with its potency, and tinges with its keen every spring of action, and every phase of character. It will be admitted, I am sure, that this great Christian motive presences upon none with more urgency, or with an authority more imperative and sacred, than upon young men and women led by their own inclinations. You are engaged in elevating and purifying that part of your name which constitutes you, children of eternity—for which God mandates this care in all the arrangements of life green, and for which Christ died on the cross. You are engaged in taking for higher uses the instrument by which alone you can honor God and promote the happiness of your hollow creature. If there is done on this earth a work of some importance and dignity, the culture of the immortal mind is such a work. To perform this work well to make the most precious opportunities in obviously a sacred duty. Studentia, you occupy a high and holy trust. By diligence and ability in your work, you augment forever your own powers of happiness and wisdomness. You augment the means of happiness entrusted to you for society. You augment your own capacity for knowing, enjoying and honoring God. Shall it be thought a slight offense, to prove false to such obligations? Shall the people who pervert infinance, or squander wealth, or violate public trust, be deemed culpable; and are they innocent who rob themselves, society and God, of talents put into their hands, not to be wanted or burged, but to be improved to the utmost? Euroly if God will judge the world with a rigorous impartiality, demand His own with acury, from detainment, the inquisition-will press-hard-up those of you who are accused of meeting the most precious of your Lord's gods—the immoral mind, made to appreciate His character and promote His glory. Such is the natural and the actual influence which Christianity exerts over intellectual improvement. AFRICA REDEEMED THANKS TO JEHOVAH, I AM A FREE MAN-FREE TO TRAVERSE THE SURFACE OF THE EARTH-FREE!" HIS EXCELLENCY, THE GOVERNOR OF JAMAICA, B. W. L, SENDS INFORMAL CHRISTMAS MESSAGE Competition Editor, Magry World, 10 West 11th Street, New York City, N Y My dear Sir—In compliance with your request, I have gone over the papers submitted to me in the competition for first, second, and third prizes for the essay competition portraying "Africa Redemption." Among the many papers submitted, I have picked out two (8) so being meritious. The others are lacking in library style and proper construction. The authors ought to be more careful in their writing, especially knowing that awards for prizes can only be given on the general merit of the papers submitted. I am unable to make an award for the third prize, because none of the papers submitted merite the place. It is, with great pleasure, therefore that I accord the first prize to paper number six (6), entitled "A Senator's Memoir." The second prize goes to paper number four (4) I have the honor to be, Your obedient servant, UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVE- MENT ASSOCIATION, MARCUS GARVEY, President-General By ERIC D. WALROND First Prize As I turn back to the period of adolescence in the history of the darker races; as I behold the strong men of the earth flying at each other's throats over the spoils of a wretched war; as I gaze upon the spectacle of nations born and bred in the cradle of chivalry sinning their claws into the treasure-chests of bedridden Africa, as I observe white men banking—laying out actual cash—on the perpetual insults of the black race—God, how the memory of the oppresses met—as I imagine a pageant of the crimes and blasphemies perpetrated against us for ages and ages—I shudder at the thought of the fate and future of a "backward" race. Thanks to Johovah, I am a free man—free to traverse the surface of the earth—free to stop and dine at any beauty I wish—free! As I sit here and dash off these notes I cannot but think it all a massive dream. Twenty years ago, as a stranded emigrant on the shores of Egypt, if I had been told that I'd be out here, on my own estate, drinking of the transient beauty of the Congo, a master of my people, to be honored and respected, I'd have discounted it as an overworking of the imagination. My castle, set in the heart of a once savage wilderness, is of Dutch architecture. The other day Reginald McKay, African Minister to China, told me it struck him as a sort of "positive painting a rugged finger to heaven." In it, if you wish, you may still • multitude of objects of art on the fascinating theory of the evolution of the darker races. Paintings of black immortal, landscape etchings, Arabian rams, Kaffir antiques—a conglomeration of antique gifts—a conglomeration. Before I take you riding over my vast estate (wife n't a nation of landed barons mind you) I want to relate a little story to you. One day last spring, at the centenary of Sanite Sabalala, a delegation of artists and posts visited me, and Mila Jean Devililla, Haytı's beautiful lyricist, bombarded me with questions as to whether I had "inharited" my property "I see you're not up on your African history." I reproached her. "If you'd read the Redemption Proclamation—"Ah, pardonnes moi, Meisaiur," she hastened to interrupt me. "A thousand pardons. I remember—I remember. In the revolt you were the one who led the native troops, until the overseas legions—" After all, the best view is from the tower of my castle. Oh, yes, there are leagues and leagues of macadam roads leading to all parts of the republic, and built by us, too—But I love to look at it from here, to feast on the panorama of green and sunshine and fruit-swelling trees. It is a glorious sight. A grasing herd of buxom beifers; a valley of trees burdened with ripening fruit—pomegranates, star apples, mangoes—and, yonder, enshrouded in a veil of mist—Victoria Falls! This alone is worthy of a pilgrimage. A lake of silver darting through a meadow of palms—and, far out, as far as the eye can see, the peons of Africa—God bless them'—basking it. The sunlight of Democracy Enthroned. A close-up of them reveals a nation of toilers erect in stature, muscular in limb, practical in philosophy, and led and supervised by their own kind. The overseer in the cork hat is not a sunburnt Englishman, or an arrogant Boer, or an imperious Belgian—but a sympathetic black man! Ah, as I give way to retrospection, to think that after all these years of oppression—to think that a "tiring incident" as the outraging of a dark-shinned maden on the streets of Harlem would lead to such a turbulent conflagration. Then, as if the hand of Providence was back of it all, a self-willed statesman at the London Conference, in a moment of fury, boxed the ears of the Nipponese prince. For a moment the fate of civilization rested in the palm of a yellow man's hand. But Tokugawa, as cool as a cumber, packed his grip, and quietly sent for the Orient. Three months later, as the shadows of darkness fell and a million mud-fires sparkled on the banks of the Island Empire, three men—a Japanese, an East Indian and a Maroon descendant—knelt, and plotted the doom of the white world. Bewitching is the morning. If I had my way I'd forget all about the doctor's restrictions and ride out to Bulawaya. But I'm tired; I am getting down, I know, so why hasten the pace? This morning I was a trifle upset at a noise I heard coming out of the bowels of a renegade kraal. A number of times I heard the weird cry of "izani, izani!" Then, as I took my binoculars and scanned the soothing valid, I beheld a sight that recalled all the horrors of cannibal carnivals. At once I thought of the theory of the return of the savage instincts. Was there any truth in it? "Master, master," cried my valet. THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 "A SENATOR'S MEMOIRS." BY ERIC D. WALROND rushing to me "there another out break—the ferocious Ashanti—" "Yeah, sir. I was down to the stables this morning and up to 10 o'clock not a native had reported for work. The butler, he told me there going to be a kind of deer feast today" — "Dear feast don't take place in the morning lamps, crows "Maybe, air, but if you'd come down you'll see what I am saying is true." Curious, I decided to pay the penalty of disobeying the doctor, and slipped into a riding suit and walked down the little lane that led to the court yard. Rayside was ready to mount, and, assisted by James, I crawled into the saddle. My first thought was to ride out to the kraal and investigate the crises I had heard. To my amazement, just as I stepped out on the blinding macadam road I saw an army of natives marching past me dancing and singing as if they were seized by a spirit of maddened frenss. I was stunned. Yes, I've seen several meat feasts and tribe festivals, but, God, nothing to compare with the utter barbarity of the wriggling foik before me. A babel of tongues clocked the alr. Music of the wildest sort drum-beatings, cat-callings—all ending with a common refrain. What was it? A word unknown to me fell from their lips as the dancers, beads of perpiration rolling down their bronze, half-naked bodies, swept by me. Instinctively I followed them. God, for the power to reproduce those soul-reading sounds' Down the road they writhed past the yawning depths of mineral canyons, past the railway tracks, past the golden lakes of fire, and, as a cloud of brimstone warned us of the coming of the African simoon, the army of revivalists turned down a slippery path and, a moment later, was on the thoroughfare leading to the Capitol. As the crowd awerved into it, a sort of fiery bottom, I saw about fifty different tribes—stark enemies in the days of the primeval—drawing together and uniting in a universal song. This time I saw, by their robes and headresses, the insignia of Bantus, Hottontura, Moora, Zulua, Kaffira, Basuto—all the pioneers of Ethiopian culture—congregated in that little spot. For what? Dumb as I was, I could discern an indescribable something—in the way the chiefs lifted their noble heads and, in war-like fashion, led the multitude. Flashes of Lobengula and Chief Chaka and Panda flitted across my brain. Stupified, I dropped the reins, and the beast, as if sensitive to the call of the blood, followed in dutiful precision. Liberty Square. This is a place that always brings me back to the age of froedown. There is a spirit of love and equality and righteousness about it that thrills me. It is a huge park a bandstand or speakers' gallery in the center, and for three miles I saw nothing but my rish brown-faced people. From the banks of the Zambesi, from across the Nile, from South Africa, Liberia, Hayti, America—they stood, a tree and redeemed people! As Senator from the Congo, I was escorted to the gallery. To think that I, a cabinet officer, unaware of the significance of the occasion! May tenth! Ten years of African independ- FIRST PRIZE ence Assets* Ah, tortuous memory a stable government, an army second to none, a place among the powers of the earth—but, no, let me get off the stage of action and present the prince of men to you. A chorus of cheers deafens us as a little man, in a white tunic, stepped forward on the principal speakers roosting. A life packed with drama: climaxes, a man whose mental fiber ripens with the avalanche of time—there he stood—grim in the sunlight — there — half him, boys— Garvey* "Citizens of Africa Redeemed, I come once more before you to give an account of ten years of my administration as President of the Republic of Africa. First I wish it to be known that despite what the political economists had to say about us as a race of shiftless parasites, we've been able to organize and operate successfully a chain of national banks throughout the continent of Africa. Also, as far as I can gather from the Minister of Commerce, the exports of Africa to foreign countrys for the ten years of native rule amount to $500,000,000 incidentally the merchandise in question which consisted of balata, cocon gold, diamonds, sheep skins, steel coal, etc. was shot to all parts of the globe in the ships of the Black Star Line. "The promulgation of the Civil Service act and the organization of a modern system of public education throughout the land, I believe, will tend to eliminate corruption, inefficiency and graft in the governmental departments. At present, in spite of all that is being said in the enemy press, the rights of African citizens abroad are being safeguarded by a competent diplomatic corps. Only a few days ago the government of Australia was forced to abrogate its infamous exclusion laws as a result of action brought by our ambassador at Sydney. "As regards the matter of land armament the Republic of Africa voted at an extraordinary session of the cabinet on February 6 to appropriate £10,000,000 yearly for the maintenance of a standing army of 1,000,000 men. This is independent of naval construction, as Liberia, as you all know, is virtually a shipbuilding base, and the construction of battle cruisers is proceeding at a phenomenal rate." Tears trickled down my inflamed cheeks as I forced my way out of the intense multitude. If the god of Hosts had come down on earth the transfiguration could not have been more complete. The Bishop of West Africa then leaped to the platform and, as one man, the mighty arena of freemen sank down on their knees and sang hoannahs to Him. By EDWARD BOURNE Second Prize In the spring of nineteen hundred and nineteen, I heard of one Marcus Garvey, who was teaching a doctrine in Harlem of "Africa for the Africans." This idea consisted of the unification of Negroes everywhere into one homogeneous family, socially, industrially, commercially and politically. The instrument through which this task is to be accomplished was called the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League. Later I came across The Negro World and, to e.y. delight, saw, for the first time, the aims, aspirations and objects of the association from the pen of Marcus Garvey. From the start I was captivated by his eloquence and racial purity. I continued reading The Negro World until my soul was absorbed in Garveyism. One day while musing over the possibilities of Garveyism, I was carried in spirit to a great mountain called "Mount Civilization." This mountain seemed to stretch across the Continenta. To reach its summit one had to ascend a steep incline called "The Road of Self-Denial." on which road were many difficulties and hardships; and only those who are determined to endure will reach its summit. Looking upward I saw a star—it was black and had four points. I was told that it denoted the new spirit that had come upon the Negro race the world over, forcing them to reclimb "Mount Civilization." It being the night time of ignorance and superstition for the Negro, the star indicated the birth of a new day of culture for them. Later I saw the sun peeping over the continent of Africa, from above "Mount Civilization," and on its disk was a black spot. This sight so astonished me that I looked down and saw the viage of an Ethiopian, marked out on the northwestern boundary of Africa, peculiar as it was, the result of greed and avarice of alien races. I became enthused and shouted, "Africa for Africans!" REPLY OF HIS EXCELLENCY, THE PRESIDENT OF FRANCE, TO REQUEST FOR CHRISTMAS MESSAGE TO NEGRO PEOPLE OF THE WORLD Par lettre du 18 Octobre dernier, vous avez demandé au Président de la République de vouloir bien vous faire parvenir un message destiné à être publié par la journal "The Negro World," à l'occasion des fêtes de Noël. Le Président me charge de vous faire connaître que conformément à un usage constant, il ne lui est pas possible de faire des communications de cette nature destinées à la Presse. Il vous exprime ses vifs regrets de ne pouvoir, dans ces conditions répondre favorablement à votre désir. Veuillez agréer. Monsieur le Président Général, l'assurance de ma considération la plus distinguee. Monsieur Marcus Garvey, Président Général of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. By your letter dated October 18th you requested the President of the Republic to be kind enough to send you a Christmas message for publication in The Negro World. millions of my people would return to Africa and assist in bringing about its redemption. He called my attention to a group of people who had started to ascend "Mount Civilization." They are Garveyites, he said, who saw the star of African redemption, and have started out to make it a reality. "Can they make it?" I asked. Just then I heard a voice shouting, "We will make it or die in the attempt, for Africa shall be redeemed." See yonder Marcus Garvey loading his people to liberty and nationalization. Follow him," said the bishop. Buddely a woman full of zeal for Negro uplift, approached the leader and awore allegiance to the cause of African Redemption. This woman was called the Lady of the Nile. Other noble men and women fell in line with the leader, and large numbers were added to the cause until it became universal in scope. The sun shone forth in splendor over the group of people that were ascending the mountain, causing them to show signs of race cooperation and manhood efficiency. The leader called a convention to develop a program for the redemption of Africa and the uplift of the race in general. The convention lasted for one month, at the end of which the leader said, "Today Africa manclips itself and shall be free." The assemblage burst forth with one tremendous shout which seemed to shake the heavens, and with one voice they cried. "Long live Marcus Garvey, for Africa shall be redeemed!" From that time on Negroes everywhere began to realize that their racial salvation lay in the ideals of Garveyism, and not the old doctrine of aping the white race, depending on them for leaders and deliverance from serfdom and peonage. I saw Negroes everywhere learning to be proud of their skins, esteeming and honoring each other, men became proud and affectionate of their women, they began to select their own leaders and to esteem them. Business relations were carried on universally. Negroes journeyed from continent to continent in the interest of commerce. Princes were coming out of Egypt, and Ethiopia was stretching forth her hand unto God. (Princes out of Egypt, signifying Eznaited ones from obscurity) and stretching forth her hand unto God (the hand a symbol of strength) stretched forth to implied organization for the righteousness of their cause. Negroes became restless everywhere, diplomats and statesmen were making representations at the National Courts in their behalf; schools and universities were built; factories and railroads established; steamships plying the oceans; Liberia was blooming and prosperous; Egypt arose from its obscurity. Morocco was throwing off her joke. Allyssinia was becoming demo- REPLY OF HI FRANCE, TO SAGE TO PRESIDENCE DA LA REPUBLIQUE Par lettre du 18 Oct lique de vouloir bien journal "The Negro" Le Président me constant, il ne lui es destinées à la Presse. Il vous exprime favorablement à votre Veuillez agréer, tion la plus distinguee A WHITE WOMAN ANALYSES THE NEGRO PROBLEM Says the Older the Negro Gets the Wiser He Becomes and the More Conscious He Is of His Powers— Very Optimistic View Expressed BY MISS HATTIE M. MATTHEWS You have over six million Negroes on your hands. You have given them the ballot and, perhaps, you were wise in so doing. By the fifteenth amendment to the Constitution they have become citizens of the United States. Now, these people were originally taken from the nomadic and shepherd stages of exile, and have been lifted by the force of circumstances and the dictates of strange policies into the indentine class. You have lifted them above their powers, you cannot educate them over the classes they have leaped. You send some of them to Lincoln, Harper's Ferry and other educational institutions; they learn a good deal and then, being only capable of learning and not of origi- critized, other local groups were rubbing their eyes and preparing for the Ethiopic age, when suddenly I heard a peculiar noise. Looking around I saw men and women dancing and shouting in an unknown tongue, the African chiefs had called a convention, for the big chief had arrived. Suddenly there arose a great shout. The convention was successful. The chiefs went one by one to an altar, on which was a sword. Each in turn taking the sword pierced his arm and with his blood wrote his name to the declaration of Negro Independence and the freedom of Africa. Bugles began to sound, armies rushed here and there, thousands of black women, ready to nurse and succor the wounded, came marching to the scene. Airships were flying, bombs exploiting, machine guns ticking away. African Bertha belching forth noxious gasses, magicians and medicine men distributing their art of producing the sleep of death. The sun withdrew its shining, settling over that part of Mount Civilization, running through Europe, a sea of blood and fire. Suddenly there came a messenger from the ranks of the oppressors crying. The righteousness of your cause has won. Africa is free " S EXCELLENCY, THE P TO REQUEST FOR CHRI NEGRO PEOPLE OF THE Paris, le Monsieur le Président Général. Octobre dernier, vous avez demandé au vous faire parvenir un message destre World," à l'occasion des fêttes de Noël charge de vous faire connaître que co- pas possible de faire des communi- ses vifs regrets de ne pouvoir, dans ce désir. Monsieur le Président Général, l'assu- directeur du Cabinet du Président de Survey, Président Général of the Uni- TRANSLATION The President of France. Paris, No nt General: Atted October 18th you requested the L n to send you a Christmas message as directed me to inform you that, um, it is impossible for him to send heve that he is deeply sorry of his inn- ce of my respect. Paris, le 8 Novembre, 1921 Le Directeur du Cabinet du Président de la République. I remain, etc., J. BOMPART, (Secretary to the President.) --- (Original Letter) nating, they are lost in the mass. But how can this matter be settled? By putting them through the same system of race education that we have ourselves experienced. The salvation of the Negro must be looked forward to with a view to the land and the sense of responsibility it entails. You have had that training and certainly the Negro cannot be considered the superior of our race. I believe in everything you have done for the Negro, let him keep his ballot, but remember, there are classes in the school of nations which he has attended, and that fact must govern your action in his case. Even Christianity does not do away with the necessity of these classes, it shortens the stages, how ever, and makes them easier to teaches a man's spiritual nature and gives him dignity. Thus you see that the race has moved through darkness up to God, and that everything about man is calculated to remind him of his double nature, and the source from which he came. He has faculties and qualities which cannot find their real use and perfection here, and the older he grows like some traveller who ascends a high hill, he sees more and more the scope of his poors, until he knows that only eternity can crown his development. Toward eternity he moves with every heat of the heart. His knows that there he will know and be known, that as he lives here, his lot will be one of bliss or woe and the true man seeks anxiously to learn all that which will help him on the Negro problem. INFORMATION WANTED Helena Smith of Central Romania Republic of Dominica, is desirous of leaving the whereabouts of her sister, Mr Ellen Marquis, who married Mr. Joseph Marquis, a native of St. Croix, Mr. Marquis who is a native of St. Thomas, formerly lived at 772 Olive Street Bridgeport, Conn. Any information to her whereabouts should be communicated to her sister at Central Romania Rep Dom PRESIDENT OF STMAS MES- HE WORLD Président de la Répub- liné à être publié par la él. informément à un usage écations de cette nature ces conditions répondre rance de ma considéra- la République, J. BOMPART. Universal Negro Improve- November 8th, 1921 President of the Repub- for publication in The in conformity with a messages of this kind ability to answer favor- --- ```markdown ``` Aims and Objects of the Universal Negro Improvement Association My Instructor, so upon your thought, to submit to me the papers for the Essay Competition on the Time and Objective of the Universal News Improvement Association and to me for the report that a certain of the papers were well written and circulated a great deal of knowledge on the part of the writers of the higher aims of the Universal News Improvement Association. There have only three papers I could recommend that the other papers would be commanded by me be used if possible so as to give to the public the other relation of the work of the organization by the authors. I have awarded the first prize to the paper number one (1) the second prize to paper number three (3) and the third prize to paper number four (4). UNIVERSAL PUBLIC PROVINCE 4900 WILSON MARCUS GARVEY (FIRST PRIZE) By Horman A. McKennae The U.N. was organised about four and a half centuries ago in New York city by the Herbert M. Harvey, with a membership of twenty. Within that time it has increased to four millions—an increase, which is proportional and almost inconceivable. At its birth predictions were made, but its usefulness as an organization would be short-lived. Nevertheless four and a half years have shown marked interest and dynamic enthusiasm in this entirely new organization. At this period in the world's history, when domestication still continue to oppress the worker, an organization such as the U. N. I A becomes absolutely essential and indispensable to the Negro's future welfare. Now, then, the question is asked. What are the aims and objects of the U. N. I A and as a definite program for the Negro? This question can be answered affirmatively. Centuries ago Negroes were stolen from Africa, their motherland, and scattered throughout the New World as slaves. Sixty years ago they were freed in the United States and eighty years ago in the West Indies Central and South America. Since freedom they have been the common burden bearers of the white races. Their political, social, industrial and economic powers are limited and restricted. The white races taught them to disregard the African and political Afrikan as a land of cannibals and roaming wild beasts. All this has compounded the real world people and their land and country Negroes living in the New World naturally have little interest in country and its people under such disregarding conditions. j The I. I. intends to destroy such detriment to propaganda. It seeks to unite the world into one great fraternity, to one one definite purpose, the redemption of Africa, one destiny, the creation of an unthreatful and strong government, and one eternal God, the God of Ethiopia. The I. I. I. wants to make black land and women independent, and support it. schools. It is going to encourage the artistic instinct of the Negro, by the creation of art schools. It is going to enhance the Negro's scientific genius, by founding scientific schools. It is going to produce better literary man, by encouraging the Negro to write more about the race and its problems. It is going to encourage the Negro to be interested in politics, by the creation of governments. Organized power is the Negro's only salvation. There is no other organization in the world that better prepared for the work or task of African redemption than the N I A. If the Negro wants to be a free man—free from every vengeance of white domination, free to think, to act and to do for himself as God created him so to do—then he must join hands and heart in the redemption of Africa. SECOND PRIZE Perhaps I may be allowed to say that the subject as stated here does not form sufficiently definite for an essay the terms employed, "aims" and "objects," being practically synonymous in meaning. Assuming, however that paraphrased "aims" can be taken to mean the immediate programme sought to be carried out by the U. N. I. A. and "objects" to mean the ultimate objectives to be attained, the subject then can only be intelligently approached when the basic motive in the organization of the U. N. I. A. is correctly known and equally appreciated. The founder of the movement, the Hon. Marous Garvey, on traveling to different parts of the world, meeting with the Negro everywhere and witnessing the hard treatment, the injustice meted out to him in every country, had his rightful indignation and anger kindled within him; his innate "ORGANIZED POWER IS THE NEGRO'S ONLY SALVATION" the pride rose to its height (and justly so, too), his brain wrought, it evolved something and thereupon he saw the direction in which his activities must be directed for the balance of his life. He saw then his life-work before him in untimely knots outside and resolved never to awake from the path of duty; nor to seek one inch of ground until his goal was attained. He returned from abroad, now determined to devote his life in doing something of faith and practical for the amelioration of the condition of the Nero exept when Passing over the varying experiences and results attendant upon his initial efforts, we come to this point where the I. N. I. A came into birth—at first armingly unpretentious, but as months went by and years came on it he soon to stand out today as the greatest Negro movement on the record of history. And now the question concerning this movement is 'What are its aims and objects?' "Can anyone be expected to give the correct answer to the question? With a knowledge of the foregoing as stated herein, I am of the opinion that such an answer can be given, though I do not by any means think that one needs to follow the beaten path of those who might have already answered it for themselves. Now the U N I A. starts out on the principle that unity is strength. No man can accomplish much for his race if that race is disunited geographically and morally—at least. Indeed, no man has ever attained to or achieved his best standing alone, separated and isolated. Nor will any man achieve the best for himself, or for others, standing alone. Realizing therefore the potency of unity, the U N I A. in the first place—(1) Alms at uniting the various members of the race, numbering some four hundred millions of people. This unity, however, does not necessarily mean that those hundreds of millions will be required to concentrate at any one point, nor in any one country, this will never be a necessity even if it were a possibility. It is the moral, intellectual, industrial, commercial and financial unity that the U. N. I. A. alms at bringing about. With those combined forces and resources the U. N. I. A. will have had everything necessary for putting its machinery in operation in order to bring about the much needed amelioration of conditions for the Negro everywhere and the ultimate redemption of Africa It would, therefore, be misleading as it is mischievous to say that the U. N. I. A is aiming at antagonism against the other races or against any section of itself. Not only is its doctrine that of the Fatherhood of God and the brotherhood of man, but it bewaits the fact that the white races apparently deny this; or if they accept in theory yet not in practice. But to the man or race who acts on the doctrine of the Fatherhood of God and the brotherhood of man there is left no room for antagonism against, or hatred for, other men or races. Of course the U. N. I. A does aim at instilling into the Negro more of that sense of race pride, of that love and clannishness that ought to be peculiar to any race justly conscious of its potentialities. Following upon unity, resulting in a confraternity among the various sections of the race, the U. N. I. A. also aims at (2) Educating the Negro along the lines of his highest aspirations, with a view to his becoming the best possible citizen, fully conscious of his identity and possibilities as a man. This education I do not take necessarily mean such as may be obtainable from schools, colleges or universities, for the simple reason that though such an education might be one of the ultimate objectives of the U. N. I A by the time that such a proposition could be made practicable, apart from what is being done non-educationally for the Negro by the various agencies in the world, the U. N. I A, in my opinion, will, in all probability, have then evolved into something else—possibly into a "United States of Africa—the duty of whose administration it then will be to promote education of its subjects along the lines mentioned above. Thus, in my opinion, the education of the Negro by the U. N. I. A. must be confined, for the present at least, to his economic, industrial, commercial and political development or improvement. Not only is it a fact that as a race the Negro has done nothing along these lines standing out conspicuously to his credit, arresting the attention and commanding the respect of the other races, but this fact is being used by these dominant races as proof in their contention of the inability of the Negro to initiate and originate, and, consequently, not worthy of their serious recognition. (3) Self-reliance and independence is another lesson the U. N. I. A. aims at instilling into the Negro. The racial asset of 400,000,000 souls educated industrially, economically, politically, must be wonderful indeed, while not only would the race become greatly independent but also be greatly feared and respected by other races. As a result of the long years in which the Negro has been held in bondage and ambition or desire to aspire to THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17. 1821 AFRICA PICTURED AS A LAND OF SAVAGES HIS EXCELLENCY, HON. JULIO ACOSTO, PRESIDENT OF REPUBLIC OF COSTA RICA, SENDS CHRISTMAS MESSAGE TO NEGRO PEOPLE OF THE WORLD Does Not Doubt That Negro Race Once Ruled the World things ambitious and great, he is left with little inclination to launch out for his independence, has little desire to initiate and originate. Thus it is that the U N I A seeks to lead the Negro to cast off its imertia, this hypnotic spell tells vital-sapping metamorphose, in order that he might come forth as a new-born man (new Negro) fully conscious of his possibilities. Nevertheless, until the grand objectives of the U N I A are reached, it also alms at: (4) The representation and promotion of the interest of every Negro, irrespective of nationality. The idea here is a big one, but it is the policy of the U N I A, to waste no time over anything small-projects or men its aim is to strike out much farther than any other similar organization or movement has struck, it is embracing an area never yet traversed by any other movement of the kind. The magnitude of the scope of its activity was never attempted nor contemplated by any other movement. The U N I A aims at being in a position to say something and do something for the Negro everywhere he is to be found and it means that that 'something' must be effective. Through its agencies in all parts of the world it means to let its voice' be heard on behalf of the Negro in Europe, Aa, Africa America — everywhere. The Negro everywhere will be respected by the various governments everywhere Through the agencies of the U N L A Justice, moral and legal rights will be secured for the Negro in all parts of the world. But the U N L A does not stop there—that is not all. It has its grand and ultimate objectives in view and from which it does not mean to swerve, even to the shedding of blood, if necessary. And these are (a) Africa Rodeemed—a federation of the states or provinces of Africa to be known as (possibly) the "United States of Africa", (b) a supreme government to be set up either in Liberia or in some other state or province of Africa with local governments for each state or province. Negroes of any nationality, possessing the necessary qualifications and who shall domicile in NCY, HON. JULIO A COSTA RICA, SEND NEGRO PEOPLE Not Doubt That Negro N. JULIO ACOSTO, P MICA, SENDS CHRIST PEOPLE OF THE W That Negro Race Once r. prai: Letter . . . pun-sh) a Marcus Garvey, Presidente Genc Association, Nueva York. y distinguido señor : Recibi la atenta de Vd. fecha 18 del m Vd., a la vez que mis propios sentimus aria fueran más para corresponder muchos quehaceres oficiales no me p a de tanta trascendencia vd tan espec Sirvase recibir, señor Garvey, al mis gur servidor San Jose by, Presidente General de la Universal ava York. or: e Vd. fecha 18 del mes ppdo ; v deseando mis propios sentimientos, le envio esos para corresponder a la distinguida ex res oficiales no me permiten extenderme denencia v d tan especial interes. sector Garvey, al mismo tiempo, un cordi JU H. Marcus Garvey, Presidente General de la Universal Negro Improvement Association, Nueva York. Muy distinguido señor: Recibi la atenta de Vd. fecha 18 del mes ppdio ; v deseando complacer los deseos de Vd. a la vez que mis propios sentimientos, le envio esos pocos renglones, que desearia fueran más para corresponder a la distinguida excitativa de Vd. pero mis muchos quehaceres oficiales no me permiten extenderme como quisitera en ese tema de tanta transcendencia vd tan especial interes. Survase recibir, señor Garvey, al mismo tiempo, un cordial saludo de su atento seguro servidor JULIO ACOSTA (Translation of Letter) ulio Acosta, Presidente de Costa Rica. Miriam Garvey, President of the Union, New York. Distinguished Sir I received your letter dated October your distinguished initiative, but my enough time to extend, as I would me enough time to extend, as I wore rested subject. Senor Garvey, the best of all Your sincerest and Creo que la raza negra tiene abierto te con las otras razas que son an- ovechando así los grandes sacrificios pos del trabajo humano. No dudo es la duena y señora del mundo y ores de cultura v de poder; pero en la tras, y debe solicitar y esperar de el que en un perfecto espiritu de so- ferencia en las actividades sociales que v la mayor suma de felicidad par Solo en la unión de todas las aspi- ren los hombres desde su origen, y sol- ntas ramas de la humanidad realiza que las impulsa a todas hacia un fin c Sean estas cortas palabras mi mens exito y cuya prosperidad me inte o humano llegue a ser feliz mientras alcanzado el mismo punto de progr o en esta labor febril y eterna en que a terra. San Jose, N. v. President of the Universal Negro Le Sir letter dated October 18 last, and was initiative, but my unnumbered office extend, as I would like to, on that se to extend, as I would like to, on that se Harvey, the best of salutations from Your sincere and obedient servant San Jose, November 9, 1921 From: Sirius Garvey, President of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, New York. Very Distinguished Sir I received your letter dated October 18 last, and wishing to comply with to your distinguished initiative, but my unnumbered official duties do not allow me enough time to extend, as I would like to, on that so transcendent and allow me enough time to extend, as I would like to, on that so interesting subject. Liecee, Senior Garvey, the best of salutations from negra tiene abierto un hermoso porvenir razas que son autoras de la civiliza- s grandes sacrificios y la experiencia de humano. No dudo que la raza negra ha fiora del mundo y que entonces haya a de poder; pero en la época actual es un atar y esperar de ellas el debido apoyo y secto espiritu de solidaridad, vuelva a actividades sociales que luchan por el uma de felicidad posible as de todas las aspiracciones puede hasan esse su origen, y solo en estrecho abrazo humanidad realizar el enorme ensuefi- tados hacia un fin comiñ as palabras mi mensaje de Noche Buena prosperidad me interesan, porque no p e a ser feliz mientras una sola de sus amo punto de progreso y bienestar a abril y eterna en que se mueven y agitan JU Creo que la raza negra tiene abierto un hermoso porvenir si trabaja armónicamente con las otras razas que son autoras de la civilización contemporanea, aprovechando así los grandes sacrificios y la experiencia de ellas en todos los compos del trabajo humano. No dudo que la raza negra haya sido en pretéritas edades la dueña y señora del mundo y que entonces haya alcanzado espírididas cumbres de cultura v de poder; pero en la época actual es una hermana menor de las otras, y debe solicitar y esperar de ellas el debido apoyo y sincera cooperación, para que en perfecto espíritu de solidaridad, vuelva aocular un lugar de preferencia en las actividades sociales que luchan por el mejoramiento de la esperie y la mayor suma de felicidad posible. Solo en la unión de todas las aspiraciones puede hasarse ese ideal que persiguen los hombres desde su origen, y solo en estrecho abrazo fraternal pueden las distintas ramas de la humanidad realizar el enorme ensueño de su dicha, que es el que las impulsa a todas hacia un fin común. Sean estas cortas palabras m mensaje de Noche Buena para la raza negra, cuexo exito y cuya prosperidad me interesan, porque no puedo admitir que el gerro o humano llegue a ser feliz mientras una sola de sus grandes secciones no haya alcanzado el mismo punto de progreso y bienestar a que hayan llegado las otras en esta labor febril y eterna en que se mueven y agitan los nobles habitantes de la terra. JULIO ACOSTA. (Translation of Christmas Message) It is my belief that the Negro race are if they work harmoniously with a present civilization, taking from them have had in all environments of his life do not doubt that the Negro race of the world, climbing to the height at time it is one of the youngest size the support and co-operation of the spirit of solidarity it could occupy activities, for the betterment of humbness. Only with the union of those aspirations the great ideal be realized. Let these short lines, Hom. Garvey, to the Negro race in whose develop that the Negro race has a wide open field harmoniously with the other races which, in taking from them the best results of environments of human development, that the Negro race has been in ancient climbing to the height of civilization and of the youngest sisters of the human greeco-operation of the older sisters, in order it could occupy again its place of prettierment of humanity and the larger union of those aspirations and the sentiments realized.ines, Hon. Garvey, be my message of the race in whose development and prosperity I not admit that humanity can be happy at the height of its aspirations in the eter mobile universe. It is my belief that the Negro race has a wide open field and a wonderful future if they work harmoniously with the other races which are the authors of the present civilization, taking from them the best results of the experience that they have had in all environments of human development. I do not doubt that the Negro race has been in ancient times the owner and lord of the world, climbing to the height of civilization and power; but at the present time it is one of the youngest sisters of the human generation and should have the support and co-operation of the older sisters, in order that with a perfect spirit of solidarity it could occupy again its place of preference in the universal activities, for the betterment of humanity and the largest possible amount of happiness. Only with the union of those aspirations and the sentiment of confraternity could the great ideal be realized. Let these short lines, Hon. Garvey, be my message of felicitation on Christmas to the Negro race in whose development and prosperity I am deeply interested, because I cannot admit that humanity can be happy any time that part of it has not reached the height of its aspirations in the eternal labor in which they struggle in this noble universe. --- Africa, being eligible for any post on up to the highest in this administration. Then those who shall have returned to their country from abroad will then settle down with those at home, to build up a nation and a government second to none in all the world, and then shall the grand and ultimate objectives of the N. N. N. have been attained—when the sons and daughters of Ham, released from the penal servitude in which they now are by the dominant races of the world—are once more to der their own time and bring working out their own death, according to the eternal purpose of Almighty God. B. C. HENDRICK & POWELL The Universal Negro Improvement Association is a unique organization. Though sections of organizations of alleged good intentions and purposes have been formed from time to time, in all the history of the world none of the types of the U.N.A has ever come COSTO, PRESIDENT OF S CHRISTMAS MESSA OF THE WORLD Race Once Ruled the Wor JULIO ACOSTA PRESIDENTE DE COSTA RICA San José, 9 novbre, 1921. al de la Universal Negro Improvement es ppido ; v deseando complacer los deseos entos, le envio esos pocos renglones, que a la distinguida excitativa de Vd , pero ermiten extenderme como quisiera en ese al interes. no tiempo, un cordial saludo de su atento JULIO ACOSTA of Letter San Jose, November 9, 1921 Universal Negro Improvement Associa- ter 18 last, and wishing to comply with unnumbered official duties do not allow like to, on that so transcendent and old like to, on that so transcendent lutations from solid servant (Sign:d) JULIO ACOSTA. un hermoso porvenir si trabaja armónica- toras de la civilización contemporanea, y la experiencia de ellas en todos los que la raza negra haya sido en pretéritas que entonces haya alcanzado espírididas a época actual es una hermana menor de as el debido apoyo y sincera cooperación, idaridad, vuelva a ocupar un lugar de que luchan por el mejoramiento de la posible aciones puede hasarse ese ideal que pero- en estrecho abrazo fraternal pueden las el enorme ensueño de su dicha, que es omin aje de Noche Buena para la raza negra, resan, porque no puedo admitir que el as una sola de sus grandes secciones no reso y bienestar a que hayan llegado las ase mueven y agitan los nobles habilitantes JULIO ACOSTA. has a wide open field and a wonderful the other races which are the authors of in the best results of the experience that human development. has been in ancient times the owner and of civilization and power; but at the ers of the human generation and should older sisters, in order that with a pertain its place of preference in the university and the largest possible amount of ions and the sentiment of confraternity be my message of felicitation on Christ- ment and prosperity I am deeply inten- tity can be happy a.y time that part of inspirations in the eternal labor in which (Signed) JULIO ACOSTA. --- --- THIRD PRIZE into being, nor will in the days to come. It is unparalleled in its scope and comprehensiveness of purpose, and claims without apology, the unrelatably sympathy and support of every human in whose veins runs one per cent of Negro blood, irrespective of the hue of his skin or the clime of his abode. Its slogan, "One God! One Aim! One Deathy!" is charged with importance and deeper significance than probably many ever paused to think of. The aims and objects of this unprecedented organization may be summed up thus. The unification of the Negro race into one impregnable mass for their uplift, improvement and protection, racially, socially, politically, industrially, commercially, educationally and religiously. The basic principle it aims to establish among the Negroes of the known world is identical with that laid down by Jesus Christ, as the one essential for a happy life—the principle of love. On careful analysis it will be seen that where love reigns supreme among individuals or races, all conditions call called to preserve their well-being and well-being. The U. S. B. A. states that slavery is among human rights and it is abolished now and that it is opposed by the people. It will have been done among the black people long ago for any race billion. It also is writing the race and establishing it in that section of the world allied by the Creator. The Negro race is no matter-of-chance production of science or any other human attainment. The Negro race is in the production of Divine creation, as well as the white race, and as such, is not rightly scattered over the earth of the earth, dismused, with no corner it can call its own—subject to the requirements the white race demands it to inflict. After the flood, recorded in Holy Writ, the sons of Noah were distributed over the known portions of the earth and Africa was allotted to Hama who is the ancestor of the Negro race; but we find now that through great covetousness and by might of arms the children of Hama have been mercilessly driven from their inheritance to wander like sheep without a shepherd among the wolves and lions (white race), and their rightful home occupied by intruders. This grim injustice the K. M. L. A. is striving to remedy—could more be aimed at? Has any other organization ever attempted anything nearly like this? Having gathered the wandering homeless sons and daughters of Han together, into one huge family, is thand of their heritage, and having fostered in them that love for each other which hitherto they knew not, by reason of their years of separation and wanderage, and partial ignorance of their true relationship, the U. N. I. A. aims at protecting them from further mal treatments and injustice; providing assistance for those who need success, providing for them refinement and culture through social, educational and religious training and development; establishing industrial and commercial enterprises by which the outcast and down-trodden race will be enabled to earn their livelihood, independently of those who now offer them vinegar and gall for water. These times and objects being fully realised, we see the race established in their own territory, selecting their own leaders and managing all their concerns with as much success, care and comfort as any other race. Let the Negroes of the world fully realize what the U. N. L. A. is striving to bring about for them, and no power on earth will be able to keep them outside its fold. Today we see the organization with open doors and its indispensable leader in staterian tone, pleading with the Negroes to come together and make it possible, yes, comparatively easy, to carry over this great program. May the echo respond to every corner of the earth and bring together the wanderers underneath the shadow of the Red, the Black and the Green. PHYSICAL GEOLOGY Our ideas of the cause of the interior heat of the earth must of necessity be closely connected with these regarding the nature of its interior, and these in turn lead to speculation concerning the origin of the earth itself. In their hearing on the question of the interior structure of the globe and its heat, some prominent views which have been advanced are, however, of importance, and may be briefly considered. The view which has been kept, and is still widely held, is that the earth formed as the condensation of a portion of a vast glowing cloud of extended vapor, was once a medium zone, whose outer shell through cooling solidified as a solid crust, while the interior, through successively hot, also solidified through the enormous pressure of the supercontinent layers; and that between the two, is either a some of liquid, because the pressure there is not sufficient to solitify it, or some of material solidified by pressure, but so hot that, if anyway the pressure is sufficiently diminished, it will Equity. According to this view the best of the earth is primitive; what it now exhibits is that remaining from its former condition. It may be remarked in regard to the hypothesis that the suspension of a liquid layer is no longer trouble in view of which has been learned concerning the rigidity and elasticity of the earth; if general hypothesis with the second alternative be accepted, the same literary liquefaction will occur, if pressure be sufficiently relieved, because of geologic importance and will be kept considered. 400,000 American Black Men Responded to the Call of the Nation Extracts from Address of Dr. Emmett J. Scott, Secretary-Treasurer, Howard University, Washington, D. C., at the National Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, Detroit, Michigan, November 15, 1921—Sent as Christmas Message to Negro People of the World --- --- November 14. 1821 Mr. Marous Garvey, care The Negro World, 58 W. 133th Street New York, N. Y. Dear Mr. Garvey. I have your letter of November, asking me to submit a special article for the Christmas number of the Negro World. I am centering to submit the enclosed representing an exposition on interpretation of present-day Negro thought and being an extract from my address at the National Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, Detroit, Mich. Nov. 12, 1921. Yours truly, EMMET J. BOOST. Detroit, Mich. Nov. 13—Three thousand leaders of the Methodist Episcopal Church assembled here Tuesday, Nov. 15, 1921, for a three-day National Conference. The Conference devoted itself to the discussion of the conservation and advance of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and considered world-wide missionary and benevolent interests. The first night's mission was devoted to the discussion of race relations in the United States, following thirty minutes of music by Harry T. Burkhalter, the famous Negro baritone singer and musical composer of New York City. Present Day Negro Thoughts The first address of the evening session of the Conference, held in the Central Methodist Episcopal Church of Detroit, Tuesday evening, November 18, was delivered by Dr. Emmitt J. Scott, Secretary-Treasurer Howard University, Washington, D. C. who served during the world war as special assistant to the secretary of War, advising to matters affecting colored troops and civilians Dr. Scott is a product of one of the schools of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and has been associated with many movements during the past twenty years that relate to the interests of the colored people. His address was a psychological analysis of the Negro's present thought regarding himself, his present position in America and his future relationships and destiny. He sought to present the point of view of the Negro of the present day, tracing the several currents of thought with reference to the future of the Negro race in America. The New Spirit Which Has Grieped the hearts of Colton now. After returning to "the new spirit which the gripped the hands and gushed of men the world over since the war," Dr. Scott said, "Enger and willing, 400-000 American black men responded to the call of the color. Nearly 200,000 of them went overtoe to fight the democracy which they but imperfectly understood, but which had been pictured to them as an idealism as holy as ever crummed went forth to battle for. The Negro's loyalty remained untainted. He remasted the temptation to nurse his grievances. Patriotically and heroically, he met every human test." The Newspaper's editors of a Schol Now the war is over. The disappointments of a fabled democracy have set him thinking anew. Disappointments make men philosophers. Now, as never before, Negroes are thinking, not as individuals, but as a group. We share a common grief, a common disappointment that a great nation which in war promised, should in peace deny to them. "The New Freedom." The Negro was called to the colors like other men. He fought like other men. He died like other men. He feels that if his country in the hour of trial and peril compels him to fight its battles it should in time of peace secure to him complete protection of life and liberty. He feels the urge of manhood like other men. He feels that he should enjoy the same civil and political rights without distinction that other men of the republic enjoy. The Negro Seeks an Untrammeled Citizenship above and beyond Constitutional guarantees, he tests that the enlightened conscience of the country should help him to perfect himself in the perfect realization of an untrained citizenhood. He knows and he unites all men to know that he knows that in the too many instances justice to him has been prostrated by himself and unwarranted discrimination. National misfeeds have set him wondering if that warm love he has borne for State and Nation has gone far enough. He loves to love, but so human is he that he dares expect in return not merely cold, burdling justice but justice with a heart in it, justice with a soul in it. on "above and beyond Constitutional gratification," he feels that the en- lightened conscience of the country should fish him to perfect himself in the perfect realization of an un- tramitted citizenship. He knows and he wants all men to know that he knows that in the too many instances justified to him has been prosecuted by simply and unwarranted discrimination. National misdeeds have set him considering if that warm love he has borne for State and Nation has gone for might. He loves to love, but so human to be that he dares expect in return not merely cold, forbidding fusion, but station with a heart in it, fus- lion with a soul in it. "The Negro is not vindictive. He is not antithetical." He still has faith in this God, in his church, in himself, in the effort to deceive the wrongs of nurturing men. He looks to the future confident and unafraid. Petty prejudices annoy and inconvenience may do not discourage a virile people. People's Social Equality Discussion Payable to the subject of social equality must hold. Let me say right here my friends, in all my sorrowstance with the problems thirsty and masses of my people have not found even one who can earn the dismember of the subject of specified social usually as an independent makehift, stopped by means to oblige of the economic, political and political advancement which is being about in the subject of the paranoic phantasy of the Upon the subject of social equality must raise: Let me say right here, my friends, that in all my circumstances with the modern thinking and masses of my people I have not found anyone who should be exempt. The stimulus of the subject of special social equality as the political makehift adopted by the nation of choice of the sequester, the general and publical advantage that is being added to the general property of the justice. It is 'Social Justice' the Negro seeks. A great and powerful country cannot afford to assure him less. "I am not despondent over the out look. Our situation is serious but not desperate. A healthy sentiment in favor of fair play is growing up on many sides. Wise and courageous leaders of both races are now contending that the first and biggest task of Democracy is to keep her own house in order. It is vain to talk ideals unless we practice justice. And, in the final triumph of justice, I never lose faith. "As the Great Methodist Episcopal Church took the leadership in bringing about a solution of the problem of reconstruction and readjustment following the Civil War, I am sure it will meet the challenge of the present hour with the spiritual leadership which has never faltered in the presence of a great moral crisis. In the past the Church has proven her great power, in the present she stands steadfast and immovable for all things righteous, into her most capable hands let us with reverence place the destiny of man and nation." Bishop Robert E. Jones, of New Orleans, La. followed the address of Dr. Scott with an earnest discussion of the duty of the Methodist Episcopal Church to bring about a change in public opinion with respect to the Negro people of the country. Bishop Jonce insisted that the Church cannot evade its responsibilities and courageously pointed out the opportunities for leadership the Methodist Episcopal Church has in arousing the spiritual forces of the world. MARCUS GARVEY. PROPHET (Continued from page 5) boots of the white man) Marcus Garvey is a powerful visionary, as are all prophets, and his version of historical events are not without flavor. You can judge for yourself—according to him, the Egyptians, the Greeks and the Phoenicians borrowed their civilization from the blacks "it is now proved," he said, "that Jesus Christ was a Negro. After the war of secession the Negroes were brought up in the belief that they were to remain inferior to the whites—in spite of the hypocritical protections of the European nations, the Negro shall always be the "bambous" in the eyes of the white man; that is to say, the drudge, the victim, the beast of burden which is exploited without mercy, the plague-striken one who is relegated to special cars and who inhabits the unhealthful section of the civilized cities. It was the black clergy that offered the greatest resistance to Garvey's ideas. And the thing is not surprising when one considers the prophet's opinions regarding Christianity. According to him the Christianity of the white man is not fit for the Negro because one would have to be more foolish than the Negro is in ord to believe in a white God, in a white Messiah, in white angels, in a white paradise! Garvey's religion is to offer the Negroes a black religion, with a creator modeled in their image—that is, a black God. He also takes the field against the white missionaries who were never other than the "entilaries of slave-holders and poisoners of the black race." As one might imagine, these ideas are not to the taste of the Negro ministers who see in Garveyism a terrible competitor of Christianity, the more so because the new prophet today counts several millions among his followers. Neverthalesa, Garvey's apostlehip continued. He once was under the surveillance of Federal agents who were unaware because of his preachings; but these anodyne persecutions gave him the halo of the martyr, and won him more adherents. It was then that he succeeded in launching the Black Star Line, with a capital of $10,000,000, subscribed entirely by Negroes. One day a Negro fanatic forced his way into his room and sent four balls from a revolver into his body. Although seriously injured, the prophet appeared that evening, before the audience of a political meeting and was acclaimed as a demi-god. His program was now sanctified by his blood. The Negroes of the United States became enthusiastic over his future African empire and over his plan for a constitution of Negro liberties. My friend gave me these details while we were going to 18th street, which is in the very heart of the Negro district. When one speaks of the Negro section of New York, do not by any means picture a sordid district where the risks live in huts covered with thatch. The Negro section would, on the contrary, do honor to any European city, with its large houses similar to those on birth avenue, and its wide streets filled with street cars and taxicals. The only thing that differentiates this district from the others is that one one meets only Negroes. Merchants, shop-keepers, torticiers, peddlers, the modest inntake class of the very rich, all are black. There are sings: them spillillaries, who possess exemptions auto-compilates, who are owners of large equipment houses, and who retain a left-number of donation. My friend gave me these details while we were going to 18th street, which is in the very heart of the Negro district. When one speaks of the Negro section of New York, do not by any means picture a sordid district where the risks live in huts covered with thatch. The Negro section would, on the contrary, do honor to any European city, with its large houses similar to those on birth avenue, and its wide streets filled with street cars and taxicals. The only thing that differentiates this district from the others is that one one meets only Negroes. Merchants, shop-keepers, torticiers, peddlers, the modest inntake class of the very rich, all are black. There are sings: them spillillaries, who possess exemptions auto-compilates, who are owners of large equipment houses, and who retain a left-number of donation. THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 SECOND POETRY FRIZE YULETIDE DISARMAMENT By JUNE DADD Christmas bells are ringing Chimes sweet and slow Christmas bells are telling The story of long ago How in Bethlehem manger The tiny Christ child (Jac) Himself a gift from heaven To lighten man's dark way Assembled in thought communion Are men of different birth, Each a supplicant of heaven For larger share of earth America, with hands uplift, Pleads for things most dear Italy, with emotion swift, Woops many an anguished tear England, crowned one of might, Thinks here the rightful head France, in dim spectral light Beholds the unknown dead Wrapped in inveterate drapery From Far Eastern elmie Japan and China, though apart Demand justice for all time Each nation of lesser might Makes mute and silent prayer When suddenly a voice divine Speaks to the hearts of fear *Men of earthen dust, Count ye well the cost; Coase now from plunder, Else forever art thou lost Repent and ask forgiveness For the sins of evil wrought, Disarm of all hate and malice, Vices, coveted gold has brought This word I leave with you. As in the olden time: *Love thy neighbor as thyself And perfect peace is thine* "Peace on earth, good will" "Forever to men tells God's answer to all nations" "The Joyous Christmas bells." Christmas bells are ringing Christmas sweet and slow: Christmas bells are telling The story of long ago. friend, showing me a large, frame building on a very poor lot of an abject side street. "Here it is that they hold their political meetings." Before the door two or three Negro patrolmen were standing guard. They do their work very consciously and when they beat their fellow-men with their claws the Negroes' pride is because of this less severely wounded. We entered Liberty Hall. An unusual sight met our gaze. At least five thousand Negroes were gathered in this vast, low hall, and the blackness of those five thousand heads were rendered all the more profound by the dim, murid are fights. At the end of one hall, on the platform, were seated the Negro leader. Besides these conscious electors, there were, also, at least two thousand "hundred of color," as one says, bare dressed in their best clothes. It was a vestible kaleidoscope of scarlet organdy, emerald green silks and orange cottona. The more aged wore gold eye-glasses, and the young smiled, showing gleaming, pearly teeth, while from the dark pupils of their eyes ardent fames flashed toward the orator. My friend exchanged several mysterious words with one of the organisers of the meeting, and we were very courteously presented to Marcuss Garvay, who reigned, imposingly, on the platform. He thanked me for having come from France in order to follow his efforts, and he had me sit at his right while the orator harangued the crowd with a conviction second to none. His speech finished, the jazz band played several airs composed by a Nairo musician, and this macrophony, coming from a dozen vigorously blown instrumenta, was added to the joy of the five thousand Negroes. My friend and I seated on the platform and very much in evidence, felt the eyes of all these Negroes pinned on us and, as we were the only white person being admitted by special favor, at the political gathering, we had the enunciation of being two phonomena exhibited under the tent of some museum of Dumptyron. The orchestra soon stopped and the chairman arose to give the floor to "His Excellency Marcos Garvey, Provisory President of the Black Empire of Africa." Everybody arose; there were excited cries, enthythmia you-you'd and deafening whistles resounded. The band played the national hymn of the African Empire; everyone again sat down again and Garvey spoke. Garvey is a large man with a sharp head, curly hair, large lips and unusual glance, deep and pluring. He speaks a very polluted English, and he convinced me by his talk that he was not ignorant of any of the secrets of rhetoric. He is, in fact, a great orator who knows, with consummate skill, how to win the hearts of his hearers. I have noted certain passages of his improvisation. They are worth citing, if only to enlighten us regarding the credibility of the Negro and the role that such a prophet might play in the near future. THIRD POETRY PRIZE We're too inclined on Christmas Day To drift the stairie, beaten way. Details confound us, those star— We see too much, and miss our star. We're cold and fossilized, and filed. We do poor honor to the Child That grew divine, that waxed in soul That leads us to our lofty goal. When we spend all the Christmas Day In transient trends, in circles gay, The holly and the mistletoe Sustain the truth we ought to know. We should go further—we should rise To where our thoughts can crystallize And search life's joys back to the source. And know how Jesus gave them force We could well hurry by the myrrh and frankincense, and festal stir, Pass by the morbid king who slew More babbles than we ever knew Then, when the Child is quite a lad, Just note what he to doctors said, And reach where, clearer, if we can, We may behold the Son of Man Mind not fanatics who will dote About the peace of rest remote. Mind not discussions of the sheep, And let the long dead shepherds sleep For many theories are rife— Like watered milk they are stunting life. Too much division everywhere. Because the love for Christ is rare. Still, in the hearts of many men, The spirit of the Christ has been A golden urge against the dearth Of love and friendship on the earth Since he has come to pay the cost, Lest love and friendship here be lost, Since great believers pay it still For international good will. God speed the day when men will learn The love of Jesus, and will turn To Thee—will magnify Thy name— Will know how every noble alm And liberty is nearer crowned; Because in Jesus' life is found Love's principle. O winds of God, Transform our arid sterile sodl Tied for Third Prize 'TIS CHRISTMAS MORN Tis Christmas morn, in Bathlehem An infant Saviour-King is born— Go ye to greet Him, shepherds, wisemen. Let earth rojeftes—tis Christmas morn. O see Him marching down the ages, This promised Christ-Messiah— His coming foretold by the sages, Prophets, filled with heavily fire. Have you heard the old, old story, How He suffered for us all— Then went from earth, to live in glory, At His gracious Father's call? To Him all men their anguish carry— May ye, like Him, when in our pain, Like Jesus, Saviour, Son of Mary, Know our sufferings not in vain. In His likeness God made man On the first earthly morn— Unfolding His divine plan, When Jesus Christ was born. We are like Him, and we'll conquer, As He did, so long ago. Despite our enemies' vile rancor, For the Man would have it so. 'Tis Christmas morn in Bethlehem. And, over all the earth, Let sun-crowned youth and snow-crowned age Proclaim the Holy birth. Rojice, rujice, and sing God's praise, Lift your hearts in gladness; Give thanks and loud your anthems raise— To-day put off your sadness. The Father watches o'er His sheep. As the shepherds did or old; And far across the mighty deep Has built His richest fold. He hears our humble, fallring call, And smooths the rocky way— Go forth and crown Him Lord of all On this. His natal day. H. ELIZABETH DOWDEN. 87 Cleveland Ave. Hartford, Conn. FROM SUPERI FROM SUPERMAN TO MAN By J. A. ROGERS A fascinating story that answers e the Negro, ancient or modern. Highly ene of both races. Negro World says: From Superman to book on the Negro we remember to have r University of Chicago: The finest bit subject. A fascinating story that answers every question about the Negro, ancient or modern. Highly endorsed by best minds of both races. Negro World says: From Superman to Man is the greatest book on the Negro we remember to have read. University of Chicago: The finest bit of literature on the subject. $1.10. FOREIGN, $1.35 J. A. ROGERS 570 Lenox Ave., New 570 Lenox Ave., New York City, U. S. A. (Special Honorary Mention) XMAS POEM BY BETTY HUTCHING Cincinnati Division 148 Sing out the Xmas carols, Sing out the sweet refresh, Glory to God in the Highest, We have lived to see Xmas again We welcome you dear Xmas, We are glad to know you are here. You remind us of our Saviour, The One we love so dear We welcome you dear Xmas, You make our lives worth living We welcome you, dear Xmas, For the spirit of doing and giving For when we help the needy, When we hear their sorrow relieve, It is then we feel it more blessed To give than to receive We are thankful to you for that beautiful star That shone on Xmas mom And guided those three Eastern kings To where Jesus Christ was born They were thinking of a palace, All bedecked with jewels rare Of a soft and downy pillow - They thought they would find Him there But out in the city of Bothelehem By that star they were led Down to a lonely cow barn, With a manger for His bed We are thankful to you For that Saviour Who came on Xmas Day To save the world and all mankind And wash our sins away Xmas, you have brought us so many good things A secret I'll tell to you If Garvey had been born in December We would say you brought him too You have filled our souls with gladness. You have caused our hearts to beat true. And so we say this morning A merry Xmas to you (Honorable Mention) ON A CHRISTMAS MORN In a lonely manger, Was born a little Stranger, So many moons ago He was God's gift to mankind To redeem us from sin and darkness evermore. He was to be our star. To guide us up there To a bright land of joy. Of gladioms content. That was why he was sent As the ships pass in the night So another star heaves into sight In fair Jamaican sunny clime. And the church bells they do chime As the birds their ears incline To listen to the shoes all sublime. Unto us this little Black Stranger Was given though not born in a manger Although he was sent from Heaven. To show us the way to God's country. Whore all is bright and gay. And the love of God holds away In the hearts of our fellow-men. Sing hallahulah! Sing on forever! Press on to Africa Bright Strand Love and unity bring us nearest To the bright and happy land MRS KATIE FENNER 118th Division of U N I A., 1355 Osceola Street, Denver, Colo. WHO IS HE? Who is he that came in sight Teaching Negroes what is right And has started this our fight For Africa? Chorus 'Tis Garvey the Negroes' leader, 'Tis Garvey a Negro bold, 'Tis Garvey the fearless fighter, He came like Moses of old. Who is he in spite of snares Sot by kinsmen mong his wares. Pulled them up by roots and ears For Africa.' Who is he when others fail Stands alone for sign and hall. Steers the ship and hoists the sail For Africa? E. L. A. ALLICK. MAN TO MAN ROGERS answers every question about Highly endorsed by best minds superman to Man is the greatest to have read. the finest bit of literature on the York City, U. S. A. WHO IS HE? CHRISTMAS MESSAGE FROM SIR JOHN S. BRUCE, K. C. O. N. "The Negro World" Has Been a Valiant Champion of Justice, Peace and Good Will THE UNITED PRODUCE DEALERS ASSOCIATION INCORPORATED COMMISSION MERCHANTS 101 West 135th Street NEW YORK CITY Phone: Morningside 5301 We Are Handling Thousands of Consignments Daily. Why Not Yours? TELL US WHAT YOU HAVE TO SHIP Our Greatest Desire Is to Mail You a Check with Best Wishes for a Merry Christmas F. G. WILLIAMS, President A. A. JOHNSON, Sec. and Treas. to the Managing Editor the Negro World Bir- At this joyous season of the year, when the civilized Christian world is preparing to celebrate in be-fitting manner the natal day of Him who, Jean Paul Ripper declares, in the Hollow among the Mighty and the Mightiest among the Holy and when the representative of once mighty and powerful nations have gathered at the seat of government of the greatest Republic of the Western world to die use the question of dis-arrangement in order that the Dove of Peace shall be the symbol of the greatness of the nations, whose united efforts will have made war impossible and peace upon earth and good will to meet universal and real, it is fitting and proper at this time to extend to the Negro World and its fellow the greetings of this joyous season and to express the hope and wish that the future, now big with promise pre-克nment with mighty possibilities, will find their full realization in the years ahead of it. The Negro World has been a valiant champion of justice and peace and good will among men by pointing out to the Negro what it believes to be the true path which will lead this race to independence and the peace which endures. In revolutionizing the thought of the Negroes of the world it has also awakened the racial consciousness of 400 000 000 people of African and Nigerian descent the wide world over, to the import and the necessity of closer union in order to a more effective use and exercise of its strength and power for the conservation and security of its rights from the aggressions and injustices of stronger races—stronger in the sense that they are organized and united against races to themselves, and who hitherto have no language but a slight with which to give expression to their feelings and their fears. The Negro World is now the accredited mouthpiece and spokesman of these teenagers throughout the world and they now (e) as did Nt. Paul the Apostle to the信徒, when on the occasion he said "Stand up, for I also am a man!" Negroes, everywhere, inspired by the bold, direct, trivial statements of the Negro World respecting their rights, their future and the certainty of their final triumph in the great struggle, through which the race is now passing, are now beginning to stand up man-fashion, and to see, with clear vision than ever before, the end from the beginning. The Negro World is directly responsible for this metamorphosis in Negro thought and action. Its bold, trenchant, aggressive and fearless utterances have heartened and strengthened and encouraged the Negro individually and in the mass to take on fresh courage, and to take up the black man's burden and to demonstrate to the whole world that black men can carry it despite the fact that they did not create it. One of the finest things in the human economy is self-reliance. The Negro World is teaching Negroes everywhere, self-reliance and what it connotes to race and individuals. It has sown the seed and the seed has taken root and is beginning to sprout, soon there will spring up all over this country and the world, strong and powerful branches on the great and mighty oak, the seed of which was planted by Marcus carver four years ago. Its gnarled roots taking such a firm and powerful bolt into the soil that nothing human can shake or remove them. What they could be more fitting and appropriate at this time when people hearts are filled with joy that cometh in the morning when the Angels of God hover over the troubled earth, in travail and the shadow of war singing. It on earth, to men of good will than to a tribute to the good work of Marcus carver and the Negro World, the child of his brain, which has drawn together, in a mighty army, millions of Negroes to whom the coming Christmas holds out brighter borne to the future of our race than any of its predecessors. The Negro World has opened the eyes of the Negro race and opened the path upon which it is to travel, in its march to real freedom, independence and national greetings, their fore, to Marcus carver and the Negro World. May their influence for good to the Negro race increase a thousandfold in the years to come and make their arts and utterances fruitful. Just in their good work for the upward dring of the race and the ultimate reeder nation of Africa, the gray haired mother of civilization. SUNSET BY GREENLEAF B. JOHNSON Sweet is the sunset hour of rest. When sun a nicks down behind the west, And hides within its bower; The birds chant its psalms from far and near. While twilight's purplling shades appear To crown this guided hour. Hour when the work of day is done, When stars appear, one by one, Proclaim the toller's free. The moonbeams shimmer-mystic white Colostial messengers of light In Heaven's canopy. Now sable night sits on her throne To rule, in majesty alone, Till jocumb day appear; When dawn in beauty shall awake The joyous songs of birds to break Upon the morning's ear. Engroasted in pensive mood I stand Musing on life's entgma, and its whence and whither—ay! For ere the sun his course has run How fades the carnate life of man Like the departing day! Field Secretary of N. A. A. C. P. Analyzes Garvey Movement-Calls it Greatest Organizing Force in History of Western World --- Garvey as Brave as a Numidian Linn-To Such a Movement, He Says, Sharks and Charlatans Will Naturally Be Drawn-Praises the Frankness of Garvey in Exposing and Prosecuting the Traitors and Parasites of Organization By WILLIAM PICKENS The American public and man- agers of the Harvey Movement in tries of an organization corpora- tive Improvement Association. It is b ish sail from Jamaica who c and in less than four years has b tition which has brought together ever associated one enterprise ever to the place of the organization had only one mess. We will be the sho- organized in our race with with other countries in that rest of the organization and and that active use of of the organization. An other countries in that race a total 135th street in New Avenue The American public and many foreign people have been hearing of the Garvey Movement, the popular reference to the activities of an organization corporately known as the Universal Negro Improvement Association. It is known that Garvey is black, a British soldier from Lima who came to the United States recently and in less than four years has built a remarkable and unique institution which has brought together the largest number of Negroes ever associated with enterprise in the history of the Western world, and has left the place of which we have record. For even the organization had only one tenth of the following which its success will be the largest single corporate member-ship organization in the race. They came four and a half millions, with the highest number in the United States and the rest the lowest in the Caribbean and North America, Canada, Europe and Asia. In the sensitive until the highest authoritative body of the organization on American Negroes and eight from all other countries got a seat. They have offices on West 135th street and Lenox Avenue. What we are doing now is the first great move in the misses of that race and in the naval move in the naval groups deseen in whom white citizens abroad as servants of the time when the Atlantic being we cannot touch for the merger is the knowing the Negro race and in compass it being we inquire the significance of the treedened fact that 400,000 of them are the principals Negro race we would have come into nation that eminence of racial life is the city of Africa that proposes a great Negro government which we have even At First a Huge Joke their own in the work for Negroes in the city will certain old things in the city will known recent lings in the city Minneapolis Dotline, with self determination with mandates for the heretics of natives, and as such this is a white man's country" Asia for Asia "Watta is the outpost of the city" the Humans are good and even good outcome of the city. We not notice them big mischievous things in the city a him or until he joins the Gurray have ignored the organization has Liberty. He will them collectively protest that or natives with him. We have will them as older religions in the city a new set of warriors and washes feet with great phenom and population like N. A. White persons at the city are regarded as a huge self-colored people looking at which they must of their respects. We there are educated and today we are people in Harlem today who are within five minutes of Liberty. He but has never been in it and what the whole movement is distressed and disgrateful to the group and that Gurray whom the book even heard is a smart thief or a wild fanatic. When they see him along the avenues with innards of the book masses following him they are simply confirmed in their opinion. We have inquired at random of several intellectual colored folk known to us. What do you think of the Gurray Movement? The less they know about it the more positively they repudiated. No good no good disgrateful vicious. Then Have you been to his meetings, or heard him speak or talked to him? Why no, of course not. One man said. He couldn't have any arguments he couldn't convince me" It reminds us of an election contest between the two great parties. The candidate of one of the parties had delivered himself of telling arguments, but afterwards a loyal member of the opposing party shook the hand of his nominee and said. That other fellow convinced my judgment, but I will be damned if I going to let him change my vote." Garveyism as Vital as Buddhism and Darwinism But people who think independently and whose minds are open, and who know even a little of human history, see here a noteworthy thing that a man of a disadvantaged group, out of his almost unsupported strength and personal magnetism, has founded so large a power in the English-speaking world as to add to the current vocabulary of that language a new word, "Garveyism," which can become permanent like Buddhism, Shintoism, or Darwinism. And honest people have honest doubts: 1. How much feasibility or likelihood in an African republic? Why a West Indian to start the movement instead of an African? Why organize in the United States, and in Africa why got get in touch with a strong power like Abraveda, rather than with a small --- foreign people have been hear the popular reference to the activit known as the Universal Negro known that Garvey is black, a Brittame to the United States recently built a remarkable and unique insti the largest number of Negroes in the history of the Western world, which we have record. For even tenth of the following which its largest single corporate member he came four and a half millions, in the United States and the old North America, Canada, Europe encl the highest authoritative body american Negroes and eight from all 19. They have offices on West and almost negligible State like Liberia" 2. Why emphasize RACE? Is not the breed of social and religious forces toward the ultimate doing away with racial alignments? 3. Why create orders of Knight's and Ladies, and have regalia, ceremonies, robes, caps and banners? Is not all that just a silly Negro characteristic? 4. What of the financial and business management and operations? 5. Will not the movement waste for the American Negro strength which he could better employ in relieving his difficult situation in this country? 6. And is Garvey not importing into the American colored group a dangerous color question when he stresses the maintenance of the black race? For while in the United States the Negro is a very variegated group in the West India, whence Garvey hails there is a three-cornered color problem of white, mutatto, and black—and this is strangely overlapped by a cause problem, the upper cate including about all the whites, together with the intellectual and the rich from among both the other two colors, while the lower cate embraces about all the unfortunate. Friends of the movement say, It may unite the Negro groups of the world in large industrial co-operation and commercial enterprise, even if the dream of African Empire is not realized for some generations. Colored people have similar problems wherever they live in large numbers among white people and it will help them to have even financial and economic strength such as the Jews have maintained throughout the world for centuries, although without territory and without sovereign or national power Native African la Advancing Culturally But let us consider the honest doubts in the order given—Is a Republic of Africa, controlled by black people, possible? That is a wide concept—the possible. The Irish have struggled for generations for national freedom and have not yet attained it but it is not an impossible today as it was when the struggle began. Ten years ago it seemed impossible to get the Germans out of Africa. Something happened. THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 not preparing, not planning and not striving for it The Importance of Race Solidarity Also this movement seems to emphasize Race. It takes certain groups in many nations—Americans British Panamanians Venezuela, Liberiana French—and seeks to unite them in a common cause on the common bond of the blood of the Negro African race is not that use the black Klan. Nor if it purposely legacy and morally right ends, and deals where the interests of outsiders are concerned, openly and lawfully and not coverty and unlawfully. The only thing wrong about the Klan is its lawlessness to secret judgments and execute one the assumption of the functions of the state and the exercise of authority over the conduct of people who are not members. It is not illegal for associating together the members of only one race or one economic group. Otherwise, Bna Brith with only Jews, the Knights of Columbus with only Catholics and the "Colored" Masons with only Negroes would be unlawful institutions. It is possible that the idea of race may vanish in the future. But how far in the future? Certainly not as near as five thousand years from now. The comfort convenience and protection of hundreds of millions of Negroes cannot wait on that millennial jubilee. We might as well console a Negro who is about to be burned in Texas by prophesying to him that a thousand years from now his kind will not be burned, because the constantly inflowing stream of white blood will have so lightened the skins of his group that nobody will know whom to burn. It is inconsistent to say that the Negro should not aim so far ahead as at the future blessings of a racial state, and at the same time to intimate that he should wait upon the more distantly future blessings of the extinction of race-lines. Race is now and will be for ages one of the outstanding facts and one of the deepest lines of human demarcaction. And a race must have power and cohesion or perish. Territorial power is not absolutely necessary as the case of the few has proven but it is better, for in a territory which a race controls its members cannot be so often robbed or when they get rich or "impudent". There would be more Jews in this world today if they could have lived in a great state of their own instead of in the territory of Germans, Russians, Austrians and Turks, and among other Christians and Islamists. For generations to come the most successful and comfortable future for any race will be under a government controlled by its own members. There is no such thing as the inattainable right of the individual against the established government, and when more than one race inhabit a country and one race monopolizes the power and function of government, the other race or races are under the power of the governing race. The exercise of this control may vary but it is always a fact, and it can be seen even in the most advanced democracies and republics. But no interdependent are the interests of nations, because of quick communication and transportation, that whenever any race holds a powerful government anywhere on earth, the nationals and members of that race who live under the governmental power of other races receive more respect and better treatment than the members of a race who have not the indirect backing of a racial government. That explains the queer fact that a brown-faced Japanese, who is regarded as a dangerus rival and almost feared as a potential enemy can travel without Jim Crow in Mississippi and register at the best hotels of New York or Atlanta—while a native Negro, who is a citizen and whose skin may be many shades lighter than that of the Japanese, but who has no appeal beyond the local white juries, will be Jim Crowed in Mississippi told that all rooms are taken" in New York and kicked out of the lobbies in Atlanta. And this same Negro can be drafted to fight that Japanese The Psychology of Titles and Rituals And what about those parades, regalia, ceremonials and rituals of the Garve Movement* This is the out-side, the least important side of an organization, and it is primarily human, and not of the Negro. It is of the English rather than of the Negro Garve is a British and the British court has its influence. He is President-General of the organization there are also a High Potentate from Liberia, a Leader for the American Negro contingent, a head for the African Legion or military organization and other high officers. On very formal occasions some of these wear robes and caps of the general university style, but consisting of, or decorated with, the colors of the U N I A which are red, black and green. The choir and the high officers enter with a professional and leave with a recessional. They have a book, a ritual, with orders of services and some ready-made prayers in it. And so have they in St. Paul's at London. The difference is that these black people, instead of praying for King George and Queen Mary, pray for Garvey and his officers and organization, as they should. The writer of this article, because of personal inclination and of training in America, has no leaning toward ceremony, badges, dress of distinction and "canned prayers." but he sees no more reason to indorse or condemn them in the tent of Garvey than in the palace of the king. It is not essentially wrong it is a good thing for those who like it." Where, then, is the difficulty? It is in our consciousness as we behold this new and unusual thing. Negroes ceasing to parrot the white man's ritual and to sing his songs and praises written of himself by himself in worship of his own ideal, but actually becoming original and worshipping themselves." Formerly if the white man made God white and straight haired, the Negro also accepted His as white and when the white man wrote a prayer for the health of his own king and the perpetuation of his own supremacy the black Christian simply repeated, reinforced and abetted the white man supplications. But here comes black Garvey and his followers praying for their own sovereignty idealizing their own kind and pigmenting that God and the thing sounds outrageous to some and ridiculous even to the taxonomized section of the Negro tree. And the Garveyites are creating order of distinction and giving declarations. The knight, Commander or Lady of the Sublime Order of the Ninja for Intellectual commander and the Knight Commander or Lady of the Knight for Ethiopia, for great service of any kind! But why not? Donaparte distinctions for the reward of merit why not Garvey? These orders may be the objects of noble ambition a few generations from now. Men can imagine things to age and custom and power which they deny to the new the unusual and the impudent. For example, thousands of conscious people think that it is morally right for a rich man to leaf and take it easy for a few days a week but that it is immoral and almost criminal for a very poor man who earns all he gets to appropriate a few days a year for loafing. And so intelligent and honest but sensitive colored folk fear that if black persons put on the robes of power and the habitations of distinction some white folk may be amused and laugh. But that, too, is natural. White people laughed when the first Negro man put on a silk hat and the first Negro woman did up her hair and got into fashionable slippers, and they were amused when the first Negro went to college and picked up a Latin grammar or a law book and came away, writing himself down as A B or M D. Even some of the Negroes were amused. The Business End of the Movement As to business method and organization and financial security and operations. An expert in business procedure would doubtless find many weaknesses here, not because it is Garvey's movement, and certainly not because the people are colored but for the same reason why one would expect to find risk and waste and some unit and misplaced officials in any very large and fast-growing organization. These things are remediable if the head and heart of an organization are right. Nobody who looks into the face and listens to the words of Marcus Garvey can doubt for a moment his honesty or his utter sincerity. The movement is his heart and his life and he would give his life for it. But colored Americans of large business experience have been an afraid for their responsibility that up to the present time they have lent no aid toward systematizing this tremendous enterprise of their race and the greatest needs of the organization seems to be a better grade of talent in much of its management. It is a membership organization and if it received not more than $1 per member a year from one-tenth of the number claimed it would have about the largest not income of any institution of the Negro face. This membership organization the Imperial Negro Improvement Association, holds the majority of stock in the Black Star Line, which is said to consist so far of three vessels. The creation of a steamship line, even in embryo, is one of the greatest achievements of the twentieth century Negro. At least one of those vessels has made an extensive ocean voyage with officers, mechanics and crew all colored. The membership organization is also the basis of various other business branches, one of which is the African Communities' League. We take it that this league is simply a legal device for doing business which could not be done under the charter of the I N I A, especially in British law. There is also a Negro Factories Corporation which anticipates the establishment of producing plants in the various countries. We believe that a safe enterprises will mean more to the Negroes of the Western Hemisphere for some generations to come then will the Republic of Africa hope. For while the Negro may be waiting on the realization of African empire, he will still have to compete in the game of commerce and industry with the great white nationalities, and on rules laid down by his competitors. He should unite his economic resources and be prepared to take advantage of whatever economic evolution or revolution may come to pass in the meanwhile. Why can the I N I A not fund a part of its net income and acquire title to real property in Harlem, in Jamaica, in South America, and in Africa? Another question sometimes arises, not only in the minds of colored people who are not otherwise opposed to the movement, but also in the minds of white people who are sympathetic with the efforts of colored Americans to secure full citizenship rights in the United States, and especially more security for life, limb and property in communities like Georgia and Texas. GOVERNOR SPROUL, OF PENNSYLVANIA, FAVORS HIGHER DEVELOPMENT OF NEGRO Ringing Xmas Message from Governor in Which He Praises Non-Bolshevist Tendencies of Negro—Message Shows That World Recognizes Race's Efforts to Rise I am sorry that I have been delayed so long in answering your communication of a few weeks ago, but it gives me pleasure to send the enclosed message for publication in your paper, if it is not too late for use. It gives me great pleasure to extend my greeting to the members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association through the columns of The Negro World. I am in favor of any movement that tends to the educational industrial, social and political development of the Negro race. We have in our community one of the best institutions of its kind for the industrial training of the colored youth, and my only regret is that we do not have many more just like it. It is always a source of gratification and satisfaction to know that among all the Negroes now making this country their home we do not find any Bolshevik tendencies so prevalent among the representatives of the other races forming our population. Sick People Come to Me with any CHRONIC NERVOUS DISEASE or COMPLICATED ailments that need the services of a Specialist—Look for help where it should be found—Get started right on the road to Health. It will cost you nothing for consultation. An accurate and positive examination will reveal your true physical condition and enable you to get started right on the road to Health, and may save you the tortures of surgery. Years of experience, latest successful treatments, medical and electrical, newest modern equipment; the best of everything for sick people. Consult one wi The question is Will not a big international race movement like the Garvey Movement, have a hurtful influence on this domestic struggle if only byaping the energies and consuming the resources of American colored folk which they could use in raising their status in the States? But in so far as international racial power grew it would strengthen the position of Negroes in the United States and everywhere else. But if it failed... When a man tries to put out a dreadful fire if he fails, the calamity is no greater than it would have been if he had not tried. The only hurt would come from fratricidal war between the group that chose to devote its energies to the domestic problem and the group in the international organization. There is no essential or natural antagonism between Negro civil rights in Texas and Negro political rights in West Africa. Domestic organization ought to flourish under the attenuation of international activity. There is no reason with the same individual Negro may not have a membership in the Urban League, the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, and the Universal Negro Improvement Association and yet talk consistently in an interracial congress in Atlanta, Ga. Idealizing the Full Blooded Negroes Finally it is feared that the savvy propaganda may introduce a dangerous color division in the ranks of the colored American group itself. For some empathizing and obliterating black and accepting the white man challenge at its face value he calls for black racial integration and the preservation of type. If he takes a logical step further than the white man and says that God then for these blacks must not be white and straight-haired and that the devil must not be black. Now it happens that what we call the American Negro consists of every shade and grade of human being from a white person with a drop of African blood in his veins to the full-blooded descendants of the Negro American race prejudice we needed this group into one in interests and therefore in consciousness. Some of the most ardent champions of the colored American group and some of its most race-conscious leaders have very little African blood. Color has never been a group dividing issue with these people except in Charleston N.C. and to a less degree in New Orleans, La. GOVERNOR SPROU Ringing Xmas Message for Tendencies of Neg Mr. Marcus Garvey Universal Building 50 West 135th street. New York City I am sorry that I have been ago but it gives me pleasure to too late for use. It gives me great pleasure to ment Association through the contends to the educational industry our community one of the best in and my only regret is that we do. It is always a source of grat making this country their home v resentatives of the other races for Specialist for 25 Years Sick People Come to Me ailments that need the services started right on the road to He and positive examination will right on the road to Health, an latest successful treatments, m thing for sick people. Consult e MEN You know you never will get well w complicate your sick patient with patent n heppe you, but I love you still with you are permanently and completely sick. I matter how long you have been de save doctored, call and see me. I Treat Success skinned colored Americans have been accused of being "color-struck," as a rule the group has not been divided on color either in marriage or business or church or other organization or institution. In the West Indies it is different. The British there have succeeded in creating a gulf between their light-skinned colored people and the darker ones so as to make both easier for the British to control. And it is perhaps one of the mistakes of Garvey that when he sees certain colored American leaders contending for exact citizenship equality between the two groups, he suspects it to be an effort to bring about amalgamation Amalgamation is not a thing that individuals can bring about. It is hardly subject to even group control and is just about as independent of individual wills as is the cooling of the sun. It may be slow and impuritable but always has been sure, and all the present races are the result. The leaders of the movement including Garvey himself declare that the organization makes no difference among the Degrees of the world, of whatever color. And a visit to their offices in West 135th street disables the fast that among their officers and staffs are colored folk of all kinds some that could be taken for white. Garveyism a Brutal Reality Of this we feel sure that this movement of colored masses in not a joke and is not to be lightly considered. The leading man in it Marcus parry stems as an amateur as any prophet that has attained among men and is as brave as a Numidian man. To such a movement when it is new sharks and charlans will naturally be attained it is always one of the risks of such a movement that these self-serving elements are likely to get hold of it but the words and the actions of parry inimate that he is opposed to these elements and that he grapples with and lights them as readily as he lights for his great idea. The repudiation and casting out of such leaders is doubled a part of the foundation of the charge that he is tyrannical and not easy to get along with. In his address delivered on August 4 1921 we see that he frankly told the convention about dishonesty and misappropriation on the part of some officers and agents within the ranks. The littlest leaders do not come in at first either to a new religion or a new social movement because of the fear for their respectability. In his address Garvey admits "The great difficulty is to find honest, upright, ein- SUL, OF PENNSYLVANIA HIGHER DEVELOP from Governor in Which He Negro—Message Shows That Race's Efforts to Rise delayed so long in answering you to send the enclosed message for p to extend my greeting to the member columns of The Negro World. I a al. social and political development institutions of its kind for the indus not have many more just like it. fification and satisfaction to know we do not find any Bolshevic tende forming our population. R. WILLMAR successful Specialist in the Treat Obscure and Chronic Diseases Microbe Examination is necessary in order to establish the presence of Micro-Organisms (Germs). with any CHRONIC NERVOUS of a Specialist—Look for help to health. It will cost you nothing to reveal your true physical condition and may save you the tortures of the medical and electrical, newest mode- one with thoroughly under and you without help. Do not medicine that partly What I think you reliable and strong sk or may long you SECTIONS AND VACUUM FOR THOROUGH FULLY All Recent and Chronic A Nervous Workouts Nervous Preservation Nervous Indication Prime in the Body oore leadership to take care of these millions of willing souls." Neither Garvey nor any other human being could ever build up such an institution among the masses if it did not answer some deep longing of their souls. The deepest instincts of the scattered scions of the Negro race, like those of every race, call for group life, group propagation and group power. That this is a white man a country, that other races must be kept out that it was a mistake to bring the Negro hero even as a slave, and that since they are here, the few millions of them must be tolerated as well as possible until the slow, painful, mischief-making process of amalgamation by way of illegitimacy finally removes the problem this is undoubtedly the viewpoint the belief and the will of nine-tenths of the native white people of the United States, even the most cultured and the most religious. It is but natural that such a well understood feeling in their environment is answered in the soul of colored folk by a striving after self-preservation and self-perpetuation. And there is a laissez faire majority in both races, who are always worried and anxious enough, but who are willing only to 'wait on the Lord' and see what will happen from decade to decade. And, of course, "Nature and Time" would gradually, but very slowly and very wastefully, solve this problem and all other earthly problems by the creeping process of destroying and uniformizing. But the horrors of a thousand years while waiting on Nature, would be a disgrace to human intellect and genius. For Nature is spendthrift and militant, she sows a thousand eggs to reap a dozen frogs—and up to date she has lynched three thousand Negroes for the sake of a slightly better understanding of the Negro, and she would in all probability lynch three million or more before the understanding were complete. Out of the colored people must come their own salvation. They must be a race and a power. The preparation for it could never have started too early and cannot start earlier than now. The earlier the start the less waste and the fewer horrors. It may take a hundred years or five hundred, a thousand years or five thousand, but four hundred million people can never be expected to perish in their postcity so long as the sun will heat enough to live on, and they will not cease to desire self-repect and self-direction, as well as self-control. VANIA, FAVORS OPMENT OF NEGRO He Proises Non-Bolshevist hat World Recognizes December 6, 1921. your communication of a few weeks, and publication in your paper, if it is not Very truly yours, WM. C. SPROUL, members of the Universal Negro Improver, am in favor of any movement that ment of the Negro race. We have in industrial training of the colored youth, now that among all the Negroes now educencies so prevalent among the reps. WM C SPROUL, Governor of Pennsylvania. A your wife or have a girl you have seen sick, call see me and have a through examination. US DISEASE or COMPLICATED where it should be found—Get for consultation. An accurate tition and enable you to get started of surgery. Years of experience, modern equipment; the best of every your silhouette. WOMEN the burden bears of the world. Only the understands their economy and physiological impairment with their suffering. THE Comprehensive Grasp of the Problem of the Age Shown by Various Writers—Negro Must Educate Himself to Grapple with Life in Highly Organized Modern Society By C. Anthony Lindsay (First Prize) It will be granted that the phrase 'The Negro Problem' is by no means a novelty. Politicians, journalists, scientists and writers of varying prominence have all employed it. Nur is peculiar to any particular country or to the Negro himself alone members of other races have also employed it. But to the psychological, unprejudiced mind what would seem more a problem is—how it is that the Negro constitutes a problem at all! On the ground, however, that the phrase is allowed to pars unchallenged by even our profoundest scholar, it must be assumed that there must, at least, be a restricted sense in which the term is employed—a sense in which the Negro himself and the other races apparently acquiesce. To attempt, therefore, a solution of this "problem" with any hope of success is, to my mind, to first determine just in what respects and just how far the Negro himself allows he constitutes anything like a problem. The answer to this "problem" is not to be found in any biological investigation, nor will the famous Darwin theory of evolution lend any new aid. Whatever illumination or deductions derivable from these sources must be equally applicable to the other races as they are to the Negro race, and what is applicable to all races, what is common to all races cannot be at the same time foreign to any any particular one. Accordingly, any theory launched to show, or attempted to prove that the Negro is less than a man—that he belongs to an inferior species of animals—must explode of its own self Not that some such theory has not been advanced, not that there are not those to be found who would have the world believe that their unjustifiable discrimination against, and abuse of, the Negro is warranted on the theory or assumption that the Negro is potentially less than a man. The Negro, however, is not prepared to waste any time discussing such a matter as this, for to him there is no problem as to whether he is a man or other men are. He knows he is a man, capable of reaching any height that man has reached; capable of meeting all the requirements of a man. He knows, too, that by no species of reasoning can the fact that he is a man be negatived. He knows more he knows that the very supporters of the theory that he is not quite a man are themselves not so very satisfied that their conclusion is sound. For the Negro, therefore, this "problem" must be sought for and discovered in other direction or directions—other than that immediately considered above. We have, therefore, arrived at that point where we can now ask with some amount of certainty of its discovery and solution. Wherein lies, or what constitutes, the "Negro Problem?" Now, it will be seen and must be admitted that this so-called "problem" fundamentally originated in the difference of the position taken up by the white races on the one hand, and that taken up by the Negro race on the other hand on the question of race superiority—a position, or rather, assumption, according to the white races—which warrants them in contending that the Negro race is inferior to that of the white. This is the crux of the matter, and so far as can be stated with any amount of dogmatism, it is hopeless to expect that there will ever be mutual agreement on the veryed question—agreement between the white races and the Negro race. Accordingly so far as the Negro can see, he can expect nothing but unending warfare between himself and the white races until his moral and legal claims as a man, until his unfairable aspirations, his loftiest ideals are recognized and given the same opportunity as the other races for their realisation. If this, that, is the correct gauge of the situation, a solution to the "problem" would seem to be either in (a) How best to harmonize the Negro race with the white races? or, (b) What should be done in order that the Negro might obtain his just claims and applications as any other human being? The former will not meet the situation, as the most that can be expected under that heading will not amount to more than a mere tolerance of the Negro. But then the "problem" will not have been solved! The latter seems to be the real question to face if a solution is to be found, and in this connection the Negro asks for nothing more nor less than that he be treated as a rational human being, possessing the same possibilities and having similar ambitions as members of other races. He asks for politics and left rights; he asks that no authority be placed on his moral right to his own self-determination; that social natural, discriminating restraints be placed on his natural and moral impulses. He asks for equal education. He will make for social equality with the white races; this is neither necessary nor possible in view of the social natural order. Purpose, with NEGRO tion of social equality will have solved itself It will be seen therefore that the Negro, being conscious of his own higher instincts there used adversely—higher than those of the lower animals—concious that he is rational as other men are conscious that he possesses something of the Divine in naturally and logically seeks for scope for the development expansion and manifestation of these And because it is not possible to arrest or suppress these incidences and desires any more than it is possible to arrest the tides of the ocean, it is plain that there will be conflict and antagonism between the Negro and those who fail or refuse to recognize appreciate or grant his best claims and aspirations. Nor is this problem to be solved by any legal enactment subjecting the Negro to any subservient position, neither will the solution be complete if the Negro is left dissatisfied in your directions. In short, no solution to the "problem" will be complete, effective and satisfactory which does not grant or admit that the Negro is justified in claiming every right and privilege that other civilized races lay claim to. The Negro has the same innate desire to shape and determine his own destiny as any other race has done or is doing, and no power is going to prevent him from doing that. The sooner that much is realized seriously by the dominant races of the world today the quicker will this "problem" find its solution. If, then it is conceivable that the races now dominating the world, and who apparently hold that the Negro has no right to aspire to be anything more ambitious than to be a hewer of wood and drawer of water. If these races could bring themselves to recognize and admit that the Negro is a man as other men are, and treat him as he has a right to, wherever found, if these races could be made to recognize and admit that the Negro is an asset in the economy of the world and in the wisdom of God Almighty—then in the opinion of the writer, this problem would have been solved. But if these races are blind to these facts, or choose conveniently to remain so from jealousy, hatred, arrogance or from the insatiable just to dominate; or from any other desire or desire, reason or reasons, cause or causes, then this "problem" can only and will only be solved when the Negro shall be unity and consolidation of all his forces, and by a masterly marshalling of these, hack his way through all opposing forces to a place in the sun for his own self-determination, thereby compelling the admission of the other races of his just claim to a place on this terrestrial globe for the working out of his own destiny. And in the opinion of the writer this seems the most probable thing the Negro will have to do in order to settle forever the Negro problem. BY J MORTON The Negro problem presents itself in most sinister form to every people of the world, whether they realize it or not. It is true, also, that the Negro problem reaches unto the heavens, the Creator knows the innermost section of the Negro problem. By Him the Negro problem can be solved, but He leaves it to the Negro to solve his own problem, as other races have solved their problems, knowing that the solution is in the hands of the Negro. The Negro should give immediate attention to this vital problem. It will be for his own benefit and will assist the world generally. To ignore this problem is to lay the corner stone of unrest for future generations, but to regard it and apply scrupulously, a satisfactory solution is to lay the foundation of the much-needed peace, perfect peace, and is a very important step towards the distant advent of the Universal Brotherhood of Man. The Negro problem is an antiquated one dating bank many hundred years ago when Negroes were torn from their native land, Africa, by an antagonistic tribe disguised as Christiana, scattered throughout the Western World upon strange landa, among a problematic people with peculiar language and customs, and were compelled to work as slaves under retarded conditions. The principal endowment was to solve these problems, and, having done so, in spite of considerable misfortune, coupled with inhuman cruelty, they have produced for the world's benefit a generation qualified to meet and cope with modern civilization in all its branches. This, in itself, is a problem. It baffles the minds of the most intelligent of other races, and today the world, after surveying the achievement of the Negro in science, art and literature, combined with his heroic valor in the formidable catalogue of the World War, is asking the question—How did the Negro do it? This compels the respect and command of many members of various races who are not wholly informed THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 with the germs of mice, use selfharm, but it does not solve the Negro problem The Negro invariably performed these curious feats for the benefit of another race and paid no attention to the good which he might could, and should have done for himself, be benefit of the world The Negro problem is universal, it is to be found in the West Indies, in Europe and Africa not much less than in America The Negro in the West Indies finds himself taxed without representation covered to labor for an inadequate wage under impeding conditions, conditions which no other race would tolerate but he continues without the least sign of reluctance for the up-building of another race How can the West Indian Negro be brought to see himself the equal of other races, to apply his boundless energy as a factor in the solution of his own problem for the general improvement of the universe? In Europe the problem is the same and the need of a solution is evident. The Negro must be brought to view the world as it really is. He must refuse to survey by proxy because humanity is longing for his individual success. In Africa the problem is equally momentous, and does, in some instances, dwarf previous revelations. The Negro finds himself subjected to alien tyranny, possessions confiscated, laws made to his own detriment, plans formulated for his general decimation, and obnoxious misregination holds away. How can the Negro down in a tyranny, institute native preference of African possessions, legislate in his own interest, increase his ranks and blot out race amalgamation, that Africa might be numbered among other stabilized nations of the world, that the divine rights of the Negro may be respected, that the Negro may present to God and the world a numerous and absolutely pure Negro race. In America the Negro must himself segregated industrially, socially and otherwise, jimcrowed, subjected to lynchings and occasional burning and frequently with no rights which white men are bound to respect. Occasionally he realizes the tendency of the courts to mete out injustice as his portion at law. This problem is fundamentally an institution. The Negro is not justified in wasting time, endeavoring to solve this problem on American soil, as has been frequently attempted by various organizations, but the problem must be solved. Where and how can the Negro proceed to bring about industrial amalgamation with other races of the world, to build up for himself a social standard, along his own lines, that he may be an asset to the world? How can the Negro prepare himself to meet American Jim Crowism, lynchings and occasional burnings with stantorian voice, demanding prompt inactivity of the damnable institution, compel every race to respect his rights, and demand justice before all courts, that the world may see Africa as a normal organism? The Negro is capable of competing, successfully, educationally, with the foremost educated celebrities of the world, but because of traditional jealousies on the part of his opponents, whose chief desire is to strangle the traditional heritage of the Negro, he is debarred from exhibiting educational prowess, which tends, regretfully, to retard the progress of the universe. Such talent as found in the Negro race must be extracted, and be laid upon the table of the feast of human knowledge, that the world is insatiable appoitite for knowledge may be mitigated, to the glory of the Negro. What is the necessary mode of procedure? At this moment the Negro finds he is numbered among a people four hundred millions strong. Among them are men worthy of the respect of modern civilization, valiant warriors, diplomats and statesmen. In conjunction with recognized leaders, they must be separated from among other races, be established upon their own pinnacle in their native land, Africa, to shine as beacon lights, prescribe justice for the world, as only the Negro can, to the renown of Africa, that Ethiopia may stretch forth her hands unto God in fulfillment of the Great Prophecy. How can the Negro accomplish this? The solution is simple. Negroes must unite through the Universal Negro Improvement Association, the only organization which can lead the Negro to national glory. They must contribute their physical, moral, educational, industrial, economic and financial energies to the redemption of Africa; they must build factories, establish institutions of learning, construct highways and railroads, churches and other places of worship; also they must formulate commercial relationships with other nations, which involves the necessity of being a sea power. All this the Negro must do in Africa, his native land, because it is the only field which offers such wonderful opportunities. As soon as the Negro does this, and not until then, the Negro problem can truly be said to have been solved. F. VINGENT BENNETT Third Prize Before I enter upon the discourse of this subject, I beg to quote a passage from the book "The Crucial Race Question" by the Rt. Rev. W. M. Brown, D. D. Bishop of Arkansas, 1897. It follows, "Anglo-Americans will help Afro-American up to a certain point, but not to the point of rivalry and equality. The moment that the Afro-American commences to plume himself as an equal or a rival, the attitude of the Anglo-American is changed and the Afro-American, in order to maintain his self-respect, must either conquer the Anglo-American or go off by himself and set up an independent political government. This is why I maintain that, if the Negro, in natural endowments, is either the equal or the superior of the Caucasians, or even if he is inferior and yet is determined to make the most of himself, there ultimately must be a separation. The real truth embodied in this particular passage has been seen by the more wide awake among The Burden of Leadership True leadership often becomes, or invariably becomes the cornerstone of a nation's success, but it must indeed be true leadership. Very often leadership is really a burden to the best. As a race journeying on to our destiny, we have been very unfortunate in respect to our leadership. Leaders of our group have had either too copious an amount of compromise and servility, or they lacked true racial pride, or were even too eager to sell their birthright for a mess of pottage. Such leadership therefore, becomes a burden to them. Just at this time, when white civilization and supremacy are at the crossroads, the Negro needs to pause and consider whether he will continue to entrust his destiny in the hands of a race that has caused so much distress in the world, a race that wants all for itself, in a world that is made for all. Yes, we must pause and consider whether it is wise for us to follow a leadership, white or black, that tends to suppress our national desires and need for the full development of the potentialities and possibilities within us. The sooner we come to realize our utter insecurity, both industrial and political, the better it will be for us. The recent race conflict and complete destruction of the "Black Belt" in the city of Tulsa, Oklahoma, ought to impress upon our insecurity in this Vigor In a 'A Vitalizer Super Famous Gland Tr in the Bark of Have you lost your youth, down" and discouraged? Do you tally? Does life seem dull and If so, don't worry. Science works wonders in just such case even to the much-discussed "g treatments. Its principal ingredient is of an African tree. Physician practice, and thousands of men pronounce it the most amazing Vigor and Virility of Youth In a New Scientific Discovery 'A Vitalizer Superior to Even the Famous Gland Treatment Is Found in the Bark of an African Tree Have you lost your youth, vigor and peep? Are you run down" and discouraged? Do you tire casily—physically or mentally? Does life seem dull and work a dreary grind? If so, don't worry. Science has discovered a vitalizer that works wonders in just such cases as yours—a vitalizer superior even to the much-discussed "goat gland" and "monkey gland" treatments. Its principal ingredient is an extract made from the bark of an African tree. Physicians who use this extract in their practice, and thousands of men and women who have tried it pronounce it the most amazing invigorator ever discovered. RESULTS ARE QUICK In most cases, the romedy p a day or two, and in a short time lation is improved and the thrill every part. This marvelous vitalizer con- gizing elements of proved value tablet form, known as Re-Bild- Read what the Rev. Dr Mc- power of Re-Bild-Tabs. Similar part of the country. Re-Bild-Tabs done for Mr. McLondon and the hope of ever finding a real invig But don't take anybody's w yourself. Re-Bild-Tabs will be distinct understanding that, if it improvement, they cost you noth In most cases, the remedy produces marked improvement in a day or two, and in a short time the vitality is raised, the circulation is improved and the thrill and glow of health are felt in every part. This marvelous vitalizer combined with other tonic and energizing elements of proved value, is now available in convenient tablet form, known as Re-Bild-Tabs. Read what the Rev. Dr McLondon says about the surprising power of Re-Bild-Tabs. Similar letters are pouring in from every part of the country. Re-Bild-Tabs will do for you what they have done for Mr. McLondon and thousands of others who had lost hope of ever finding a real invigorator. But don't take anybody's word for it. Prove the case for yourself. Re-Bild-Tabs will be placed in your hands with the distinct understanding that, if they do not produce the promised improvement, they cost you nothing. SEND NO MONEY Just send me your name and Re-Bild-Tabs. A postal card w not send any money. I will ma- a full treatment of Re-Bild-Tabs posit only $2 and postage with Re-Bild-Tabs one week. If not with the results at the end of and your deposit will be refunded. You need not hesitate about I mean exactly what I say—if R they shall not cost you a penny "half alive." Send for your ten Tabs right now! Address H. M. ST 686-A Coca-Cola Just send me your name and address if you need Re-Bild-Tabs. A postal card will do, as you need not send any money. I will mail to you immediately a full treatment of Re-Bild-Tabs. On delivery, deposit only $2 and postage with the postman. Try Re-Bild-Tabs one week. If not absolutely delighted with the results at the end of that time, notify me and your deposit will be refunded in full. You need not hesitate about accepting this offer I mean exactly what I say—if Re-Bild-Tabs fail you, they shall not cost you a penny. Don't drag along "half alive." Send for your text supply of Re Bild Tabs right now! Address KANSAS CITY, MO. PROBLEM "land of the 'free and home of the brave'-maybe. The ever-prevalent lynchings and burnings and peonage ought to impress us more deeply. The utter indifference of white 'Christian' (?) churches towards the murkiness persecution of a down-trodden race ought to eliminate them from the pale of leadership, as far as we are concerned. The Written Word The young Negro student in variably has to study from textbooks carefully written so as to impress upon his fertile mind the supposed inferiority of his race. No reference is made of his past achievements and earlier gifts to the world. The press is ever ready to hide all his creditable performances and efforts, but can find large columns to advertise the fact that he has stolen a chicken. Another form of abuse and caricature is the subtle propaganda used in moving pictures and plays. It has always been a source of wonder to many why, when the Negro is referred to the common letter it is used. How plain it is to some of us. The African torn from his homeland is led to believe that his brothers are savages and devil-worshippers. He is even led to believe that there is no relation between him and the native African. The question now is whether we must accept our fate as inestable or launch out upon the pathway of achievement and glory. Why should we accept of the crumbs and pickings from the tables of other races when we can coalesce and build a table of our own? Very recently the world was wrapped in the arms of the god of war, a war supposedly waged for the high ideals of liberty. Yes, liberty for the chosen few. White men that went to war with such ideals (they say) are at this time busily engaged in waging wars to crush liberty in Morocco and elsewhere. The fate of South Africa ought to be a lesson to the Negroes of the world, especially those who proudly call themselves British subjects. Why should Negroes remain in an empire where "whites" can go and do whatever they will? Can a Negro become Premier of South Africa? Do they not ask that Australia be for the white man? Are not all the white countries in this empire self-governing? Do they try to make white countries out of New Zealand, Australia, South Africa, India, and, in fact, the whole world? I answer yes. Every race should dwell in the and Virus in New Science Prior to Even the Treatment Is Found in African Tree figur and pop." Are you run tire easily—physically or men- work a dreary grind? has discovered a vitalizer that as yours—a vitalizer superior bat gland" and "monkey gland" an extract made from the bark who use this extract in their and women who have tried it invigorator ever discovered. produces marked improvement in the vitality is raised, the circu- l and glow of health are felt in obtained with other tonic and ener- tic is now available in convenient Tabs. London says about the surprising dotters are pouring in from every us will do for you what they have thousands of others who had lost drater. Word for it. Prove the case for replaced in your hands with the they do not produce the promised ing. HONEY address if you need will do, as you need to you immediately. a. On delivery, de- the postman. Try absolutely delighted that time, notify me d in full. accepting this offer Re-Bild-Tabs fail you. . Don't drag along supply of Re-Bild TUNZ A Bldg --- superior y gland" the hark in their tried it ferred. ement in the circu- re felt in and ener- convenient urprising mm every they have had lost case for with the promised their own vine and fig tree. Why should the native African toll for the benefit of Europeans? Many pastures in our group look with disdain upon the use of force in solving our problem, but it is well worth thinking over that Japan, among the colored races, is the only one that preserved her independence in its entirety and that through the employment or protection of force. In this world of greed and envy and race antagonisms the race or nation unwilling to use force to overthrow oppression is doomed. We were surely lacking of a vision. The principles of the Universal Negro Improvement Association are enunciated by the Haiti Marquis (say) is sweeping the world. How good would be if the Negroes of this Western Hemisphere could realize the need for cooperation, could drop their various sections and national differences and work together for the redemption of our race. There is a white world but there is also a black world. Bitamehope paying in Negro ports operated by Negro backed with the proper cooperation could easily get a jerry port of the trade now enjoyed exclusively by white concerns. Let us get the spirit of adventure. We could easily corner the coffee and cocoa markets of the world. Why depend on another case for our subsistence when we can support ourselves. The Hon Martha (sarv) has infused a spirit of during and adventure into the Negro. He is calling upon the Negro to realize that he is a man and that anything good and common to other men is good and common to him. Complete nationhood is the goal of the Negro, and no sentiment or any other kind of obstacle should be allowed to stand in the way. We are not wanted in the white man's countries, except peons and servants, then if we are a part of the human family we are entitled to a place in the sun. If the God of mercy will preserve this world of ours till all injustice is banished, the children of Africa will yet cause many nations to mourn. The Negro's salvation is in his own hands. Conferences are being held one after the other among the ruling powers, in a frantic effort to stay the old order of things. But God in His goodness and mercy will inspire and may inspire leaders of our race to guide us on to freedom and peace. Support our tried and true leaders and he not dismayed. ility of ntific Disco FINDS NE · LIFE RETURNING Send Bir I received your tablets and find u claim for them. I find new life return This is a blessing from the hand of G my knew where to go after the goods. I to my place know about the tablets. In a nth order. Yours truly, REV. DR. M. Mo Kind Bir. I received your tablets and find them all O. K.—much more than you claim for them. I find new life returning. This is a blessing from the hand of God to every man in this life if he only knew where to go after the goods. I will make every man that comes into my place know about the tablets. In a week or two I will send you a large cash order. You're truly, REV. DR. M. McLENDON. THE GARVEY MOVEMENT IS BIBLICAL The motto of the Harvey Movement is Biblical "One God One Alm, One Destiny." The Universal Negro Improvement Association appeals to Negroes of the world to unite. The present system of Christianity doesn't unite black folks or white folks to God. There has not been any unity in Christianity since Saint Paul and the other past apostles were beheaded. This is a statement for the white man to challenge and not the black man. If the so-called Christian white nation was united to the one God and His spirit it would have Christianised the African instead of suppressing and enslaving him and also exploring his country under the cloak of Jesus. The name is true about the black man brought to West Indian and African in shoes and enslaved instead of being Christianized. Garveyism is calling for the Negroes of the world to come to the one God in spirit for freedom, one aim to educational rights, political rights, industrial and commercial rights, one dozing which is Africa in the land that the Bible calls a black man's home, for the Bible calls a black man of Ham and not shem'i apache, so what God right has the white man to possess Africa or even be in Africa. The Garvey Movement is beginning to fulfill the prophecy that Ethiopia shall shut out her hands unto God, which means that the black man of the world will unite to the one God for which a people are united to the one God their hands will be in God's hands and when this is done writers like Mr. Herbert J. Seligman of the New York World and critics and also doubters will find out how quick and easy the white man is, as before he knows it he will leave Africa. It will be a court and carry as Pharaoh's army getting drowned in the Red Sea, for it is going to be a provident battle with God tightening for the black man. God is behind the Garvey Movement and the gates of hell will not prevent the Red, the Black and the Green from flirting on the hiltop of Africa. He wakes up black folks, and put your hands in Gods through the Garvey Movement. Youth covery E RETURNING 8t. Louis, Mo., Sept. 27, 1921 find them all O. K.—much more than warning. God to every man in this life if he I will make every man that comes a week or two I will send you a large McLENDON. SECOND SECTION THE CHRISTMAS NUMBER Negro World ONE GOD, ONE AIM, ONE DESTINY HON. MARCUS GARVEY, AS SPOKESMAN FOR 400,000,000 NEGROES, TELEGRAPHS ARTHUR GRIFFITH AND PREMIER LLOYD GEORGE ON THE SETTLEMENT OF THE IRISH QUESTION AND CREATION OF A SELF-GOVERNING IRISH FREE STATE LIBERTY HALL, New York, Sunday evening, Dec. 11, 1921 - Before one of the largest audiences that has packed Liberty Hall since the opening days of the last convention of Negro peoples of the world, the Hon. Marcus Garvey read telegrams of congratulation that was sent by him in the name of four hundred million Negroes to Arthur Griffith, Vice-President of the Provisional Republic of Ireland, and to David Lloyd George upon their signing the document that gives to Ireland her partial freedom. These telegrams breathed the spirit of rejoicing that Ireland, after a most bitter struggle, had won such a notable victory, and that her success was cause for inspiration to Negroes the world over and to have greater hopes than heretofore for the final redemption of Africa, their motherland. VOL. XI. No. 18 HON. MARCUS ART LIBERTY HALL, New York Before one of the largest audience since the opening days of the last world, the Hon. Marcus Garvey that was sent by him in the name of Arthur Griffith, Vice-President of land, and to David Lloyd George that gives to Ireland her partial from the spirit of rejoicing that Ireland won such a notable victory, and aspiration to Negroes the world over heretofore for the final redemption To Arthur Griffith Mr. Garvev said, in part, in his message of congratulation, that "the stage is set for a greater day for Ireland," while in his telegram to the British Premier he said that "the step is a laudable one, and we hope you will continue to listen to the cry of the oppressed multitude of your great empire and thus save humanity from the conflicts of war." The President-General then read another telegram, this one being addressed to Mr. H. G Wells, the celebrated English novelist and writer, who is engaged by the New York World to write special articles on the disarmament conference now sitting at Washington, D. C. Mr Wells had written an article on Africa and the Negro that appeared in today's Sunday issue of The World, the headline to the article being that Africa is growing in importance as a possible cause for war unless the powers take certain steps to govern its development. He was taken to serious task for his views as expressed in the article, which, Mr. Garvey said, indicated they were based upon information received by Mr. Wells from the "Uncle Tom" class of Negro. Mr. Wells, however, has to learn that there is today a New Negro, and a new statesmanship of the Negro, that does not beg or plead, but demands that the Negro be give his just rights. He invited the British novelist to come to Liberty Hall, and there see the New Negro as he is, and thus have corrected his erroneous impressions of the colored people. Continuing his comment upon Ireland receiving her partial freedom, Mr. Garvey said that the policy of the Englishman for centuries had been to rob and exploit other peoples countries, some times under the guise of religion, and all other lines in shameful boldness Africa was one of those countries she had exploited, and whose people she had robbed of what is theirs. America, the Negro has been told, is the white man's country, and Europe it is said, is for the Europeans, then surely there must be some place on the earth that belongs to him, and that place is Africa. There can be no settlement of the question of world peace, he said, until the 400,000,000 Negroes of the world receive their just rights, for the new manhood of the Negro race is not going to yield up those rights Mr Wells in his article remarked that the Europeans should go to Africa and take the oil and fats and other natural products there, and use them for their own needs, since they are of no great value to the native population. This statement Mr Garvey ridiculed with the bitterest scorn and sarcasm, and said that if Wells and his likl think they will have an easy time getting these rich products in Africa, as in the past—that is, by the policy of exercising force and theft—they are entirely misaken. They may do so for a year or two or five years longer, but ultimately there will be an awakening, and when once the Negro is awakened to the wrongs that are done him, and the rights and possessions that are his, he is a dane-roun being. Mr Wm. H. Ferris, Assistant President-General, in making the opening speech, spoke of the fact that the Negro today is now being taken notice of by the press, this in contrast to the fact that but four years previous, whenever a conference of the A. M. E. Zion Church, for instance, was held anywhere, but small space was devoted to its doings in any of the white paper. This, he said, is because the world is beginning to realize that the Negro has a brain and will of his own, and is now exerting it for his development and advancement. He referred to the bravery and valor of black soldiers, and said the possibilities for achievement today, under improved environment and better condition, should enable the Negro to achieve greater things in the world than ever before. His demands for an equal chance, for equal justice, for the protection of his rights, are only reasonable, and these the white man is beginning to learn, the will insist upon with stronger and stronger power as he advances in education, wealth and industrial accomplishment. In the past the black man waited for the Caucasian to give him a lift and a push upward, but today the new Negro is giving himself a life and a push, independent of any one else. This he was glad to see for it is the very thing that the U. N. I. A. is striving to encourage the Negro to do, that he may become self-reliant and possess the things, physical, intellectual and material, necessary to sustain himself, as no nation and no race can hope to be a dominant race or people who do not reach this state of self-reliance and independence, in the economic, the intellectual and the physical world. The addresses were received with enthusiastic appreciation by the vast audience, and the saliies and gibes made by Mr Garvey against Mr Wells (who, perhaps, will be a little more careful hereafter when writing upon the Negro and Africa) gave them great delight and caused much uproarious laughter. The English writer's articles in The New York World may, perhaps in the future lose much of their popularity, particularly those that may appear on this question, in view of Mr Garvey's brilliant and withering ridicule and sarcasm. A grand musical concert formed the first part of the program, in which Madam Frucer Robinson, Madam Houston and Miss Ruth Green took part, the contribution by the choir and the band being up to the high standard, heretofore set, and now so well known among Liberty Hall attendants. HON. MARCUS GARVEY'S SPEECH Hon Marcus Garvey spoke as follows I have a dual subject for tonight—Ireland and Africa. I will say a few words touching on the new Irish Free State. For 700 years the Irish race has been waging a relentless campaign for the purpose of freeing their country from the domination of an alien race. The time seems long—700 years. But very few races would have stuck to one program—to one cause for such a lengthened period of time. Nevertheless the Irish stuck, and for 700 years they fought. Hundreds and thousands of Irishmen have died as martys to the cause of Irish freedom. Coming down the centuries we have had Irish patriots as Robert Emmett, O'Connell, Roger Casement and McSweeney. At a certain time the world laughed at them, the world mocked them, the world jeered them for their cause nevertheless they continued their agitation until within recent years they forced the world's recognition. They compelled the attention of the world and I believe the death of McSweeney did more for the freedom of Ireland today than probably anything they did for 600 years prior to his death. Negroes' Cause Similar to Irish We have a cause similar to the cause of Ireland. We have just started out three years ago. I wonder if we will keep it up for 700 years? Those of us who understand what liberty means; those of us who understand what the freedom of a people mean will keep it up for eternity. (Cries of Yeal Yest!) In the struggle upward many an Irishman fell by the wayside—fell out of line. In the struggle upward to a free and redeemed Africa many a Negro will fall out on the wayside, but nevertheless the mighty contingent the NEW YORK, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 Provisional President of Africa Registers Objection to Article in New York "World," by H. G. Wells, Noted Historian and Novelist, on Africa and Her Problems DRAWS PARALLEL OF NEGRO AND IRISH PROBLEMS—IRELAND'S DRAMATIC TRIUMPH, AFTER CENTURIES OF BITTER STRUCGLING, SHOULD INSPIRE NEGROES TO FIGHT ON IN THE GREAT BATTLE FOR COMPLETE AFRICAN REDEMPTION—PREDICTS TERRIELE FATE FOR THOSE WHO PERSIST IN EXPLOITING THE AFRICANS AND IN ROBBING THEM OF THEIR RIGHTFUL HERITAGE Wells Invited to Liberty Hall to Get in Touch with Mainsprings of Race—Evidently Writer Got Facts Distorted great everlasting battalion will march on even to eternity. (Applause) Glad Ireland Has Won Self-Govern- ment I am glad that Ireland has won some modicum of self-government. I am not thoroughly pleased with the sort of freedom that is given to them, but nevertheless I believe that they have received enough upon which they can improve, because I hardly believe that it will take too long a period from the time that the Free State is given to them for a collapse in Europe that will bring about a compulsory freeing of all oppressed peoples by those who have held them in bondage for hundreds of year. So I am not with my friend De Valera at this minute. I am with my friend Arthur Griffith. I believe he is a wise statesman in signing the pact and accepting a sort of Irish Free State, and I trust the Irish Parliamen' when called on Wednesday will ratify the understanding and agreement he has come to and made with David Lloyd George (the buildup of Europe) (Laughter).* Benda Cable of Congratulations to Arthur Griffith I am about to send this cable to Arthur Griffith. He is the Vice-President of the Irish Republic. He has fought continuously, he has fought long, he has made great sacrifices for the cause of Ireland, and I think all oppressed people, all well-thinking people, all liberal-minded people should encourage such a man at this hour, and on behalf of four hundred million Negroes of the world who are looking toward freedom, but outside of that, who are always liberal-minded enough to appreciate the rights of all men, I am about to send this cable to Arthur Griffith in Dublin, Ireland "Arthur Griffith, Dublin, Ireland "Six thousand of us assembled in Liberty Hall, New York, representing the four hundred million Negroes of the world, send you congratulations on your masterly achievement of partial independence for Ireland. The stage is set for a greater day for Ireland. Long live the new Irish Free State Cablegram to Lloyd George And this cable goes to David Lloyd George 'David Lloyd George, London—The Negro peoples of the world congratulate you for the splendid statesmanship you have demonstrated in granting to Ireland her internal freedom The step is a laudable one and we hope you will continue to listen to the cry of the oppressed multitude of your great empire and thus save humanity from the conflicts of war "MARCUS GARVEY "Proviolational President of Africa' Flays Wells' African Article in New York World I have another telegram to send to someone else, but before I read that telegram to you I want to read an article that appeared today in the New York World over the signature of England's greatest novelist and writer—greater even. I believe, than Bernard Shaw: greater even than Lord Northhill—H. G. Wella. Wella, as you know, is in this country on the invitation of the New York: World to write his impressions' a series of articles on the Limitation of Armaments Conference now being held in Washington. He has been writing for several weeks, and today he writes on Africa. I am very much interested in what I see and hear and observe about Africa. Now, I am going to read extracts from the article before I make my comments, because the burden of my speech will be on Mr. Wella. He writes as follows, under the caption "Africa Growing in importance as Possible Cause of War Unless Powers Adopt Certain Principles to Govern in Development "Washington, Dec. 9 "In a previous paper I wrote of certain 'stifled voices' at Washington. There is yet another stifled voice here that I have heard, and to speak of it opens another great group of questions that stand in the way of any effectual organization of world peace through an Association of Nations. Until we get some provisional decision about this set of issues the Association of Nations remaes a project in the air "This stiffed voice of which I am now writing is the voice of the colored people. As a novelist—a novelist in my spare time—and as a man very curious by nature about human reactions, the peculiar situations created by 'color' in America have always appealed to me. I do not understand why American fiction does not treat of them more frequently. It is the educated, highly intelligent colored people who got my interest and sympathy. I cannot get up any race feeling about them. "I am particularly proud to have known Booker T Washington and to know Mr. Du Bois, and this time, in spite of a great pressure of engagement, I was able to spend two hours last Sunday listening to the proceedings of the 'annington Correspondence Club, an organization which battles by letter and interview and appeal against the harsh exclusions from the剧院, schools, meetings, restaurants, libraries and the like that prevail here." Commenting on Mr. Wella's reference to the Washington Correspondence Club, Mr Garvey said "Mr Wella says that this colored club in Washington which he visited believes in carrying on their battles by letter writing and interviews and appease—the kind of battles we have been waging for over fifty years without any results, and which we are about to change for a new kind of battle through the Universal Negro Improvement Association." Continuing the quotation from Mr. Wella's article, Mr Garvey read as follows. 'I will not discuss here the rights and wrongs of a bar that cuts off most of the intellectual necessities and conveniences of life from many people who would pass as refined and cultivated whites in any European country I mention this gathering merely to note a very interesting topic upon which I was called to account threat. Bangalore Reference Criticized "Once or twice in these papers—I do not know if the reader has noted it—I have mentioned the French training of Henogaleas troops and the objection felt by other European peoples to their extensive employment in Europe. I was asked at the Correspondence Club whether the objections I had made to this were not 'fostering race prejudice', and some interesting exchanges followed. "I was inclined to argue that the importation of African Negroes into Europe for military purposes was as objectable as their importation to America for economic services, but some, my hosts, some of the younger men, did not see it in that light. They are warmed toward the French by the notable absence of racial exclusiveness in France, and they see the ideals of that epoch-making book, 'La France Negra,' from an entirely different angle. Why not a black France as big or bigger than white France, and a new people who have learned military discipline, a mill- bury service and united action from Europe? "Why not an African Napgleon presently? said the young man, a little wanting, I thought, in that object meekness which is the American ideal of colored behavior. "He was imagining, I suppose, something happening in Africa rather after the fashion of the emancipation of Hayt and of great African armies pushing their former rulers back to the sea. But Col. Taylor has recently suggested another possibility, namely, that of France finding herself in the grip of a black Pretorian Guard. It is a just conceivable fancy—a Pretorian Guard, French-speaking and ultra-patriotic, keeping French Socialists and pacifists and Bolsheviks in their proper place. Must Solve African Problems Must Give African Problems "I do not believe very much in either of those possibilities, nor even in the third possibility of European powers fighting each other with black armies in Africa, but I do perceive that dreams of a world peace will remain very substantial dreams, indeed, until we can work out a scheme or at least general principles of action for the treatment of Africa between the Sahara and the Zambesi River, a scheme that will give some sort of a quailus to the jacousios and hostilities evoked by the economic and political exploitation of annexed and mandatory territories upon nationalist and competitive lines in this region of the earth. "For it seems to be the fact that tropical and sub-tropical Africa has another function in the world than to be the home of the great family of Negro peoples. Africa is economically necessary to European civilization as the oilfuel source of vegetable oils and fats and various other products of no great value to the native population. European civilization can scarcely get along without these natural resources of Africa." Sands Telegram to H. G. Walla Continuing his remarka, Mr. Garvey said: I trust all of you have the sense of the article. I am going to speak on it. So as not to waste time, I am going to send Mr Wells this telegram "H. G. Wells. "Caro The World, New York: "Yes. Africa may be economically (?) necessary to European (?) civilization," you have stated in your Sunday article to The World, but Africa shall always be the "Home of the great family of Negro peoples," and the continuous exploitation of Africa by aliens shall only end in bloody war which will mean the extermination in Africa of the one race or the other. You may justify theft, greed, graft and injustice, but you cannot suppress human liberty Europe is for the Europeans, Asia for the Asiatics, and four hundred million Negroes shall die even as they did in France and Flanders to make Africa for the Africans. We have no battleships; we have no visible armaments, but we have brains, and we know science. This hint to the wise is enough. Leave Africa alone. "MARCUS GAHVEY. "Provisional President of Africa. Condemns England's Pelay of Oppress Bring Weaker Peoples It is the old story over again—the strong taking advantage of the weak. Mr. Wells is no different in character, is no different in mind to other Englishmen. For centuries it has been the purpose of Englishmen to go throughout the world robbing and exploiting other peoples. Some of them in the past and even now have adopted the guise of religion. It take it for granted that Mr. Wells is as great a Christian as the Archbishop of Canterbury has TEN CENTS IN U. S. A. FIFTEEN CENTS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES cause when it comes to Christianity all Englishmen are in the same tub. (Laughter.) I would not change one to the other. Whether he wears a clerical garb of an archbishop or a bishop or whether he wears the garb of a statesman like David Lloyd George or Arthur J. Balfour, they are belonging to the same religious crow—as much as I can get I will take, and let the Lord take care of the other fellow." This has been the policy of Englishmen for hundreds of years. That is why Ireland is in subjection; that is why Egypt is in subjection; that is why India is in subjection in the same way as 'america was in subjection 140-odd years ago. But as America discovered a George Washington so do I feel sure that Africa will discover a Napoleon of its own. (Applause.) Invita Welle to Liberty Hall Mr. Wells and all Englishmen seem to forget that they are now dealing with a New Negro and with a new world. I for one believe that the things necessary for human life that are good for white people and good for the people of Europe are good for the native Africans and for all black folks. Since when has this change come about that Negroes cannot use oil and fat and gold and silver and diamonds? Mr. Wells seems to be living (even though he is such a lettered man) in a strange atmosphere. I hope before he goes back to England he will pay a visit to Liberty Hall and then he will be able to advise his countrymen to go easy in Africa, because we will, I feel sure, convince him that Liberty Hall, New York, stands not by itself, but there are 800 such Liberty Hills scattered over the United States. (Applause.) And the historian and student that Mr. Wells is, if he had made a recent careful study he would have found that on Sunday nights in certain parts of South Africa, West Africa and East Africa, Negroes hold meetings there just as they are held in Liberty Hall, New York, for the liberation of Africa. (Applause.) As scholarly as Mr. Wells is he needs information, and I trust Dr. Du Bois will give it to him (laughter), because he seems to be in company with Dr. Du Bois, and Dr. Du Bois naturally must have given him the old-time "Uncle Tom" information. Would Like to Correct Mr. Walla Would Like to Correct Mr. Wells Now. I would like to have this great English writer properly corrected, so that in a paper like the "World" he can convey to the people of this country and the people of the world the correct information and impression about Negroes. We are living in a new age and the new Negro is here, and when it comes to Africa, he is not going to take off his hat to any man. (Aplause mingled with cries of No! No!) New Negro Wanta Liberty The new Negro is made up of the spirit of Patrick Henry. It is "Liberty or death." (Applause.) If Mr. Wells and his sixty million countrymen are preparing to carry on a fight with four hundred million determined black men, women and children, who are prepared to die, then he can continue his desire to control Africa and stand the cost of it. We realize that we make up a part of this world; we make up a part of humanity, and we feel that we are entitled to a certain position and to a certain location in this world, and that position and that location we have designated as Africa; therefore, we are going to live for Africa, and we are going to die for Africa. (Great applause.) No Peace Without Rights Ascertained to Negroes There can be no settlement of this human question; there can be no settlement about peace without giving four hundred million Negroes of the world their rights, and it is no use scholars like Mr. Wells trying to deceive his countrymen and deceive the world. As well as Negroes died in France and Flanders for the purpose of helping others to be free to enjoy liberty and democracy, we are going to die, each and every one, in Africa for our own freedom. (Applause) And the world ought to know that it is no use of their sitting in Washington and, stylingfarking, and talking about parceling out other people's country. This thing must bring some way or the other; and if they will kill, in their other senses, stop it, then let the bloody mix in crime and we are ready! It is all this. These po- --- must be told the truth. If they are prepared for the bloody carnage in Africa and in Asia, let them come out, because four hundred million Negroes realize that it is better to die than to live slaves (Applause). And I trust that the master mind of President Harding—that the master mind of Hon. Charles Evans Hughes will direct this peace conference, so that all men will get their portion—their share of justice and equity; but without that we may expect wars and rumors of wakes, because the new manhood of this race is not going to yield up its rights. I repeat that, as well as we died in France, Flanders and Mesopotamia, we can die in South Africa, in West Africa, in North Africa and in Central Africa. Talking about Africa's oil and rubber must go for the benefit of Europe when there are 400,000,000 Africans living in the world. The audacity, the impertinence of it! It is like a man telling you that you have a beautiful mahogany or wicker chair in your house and you cannot use it, therefore he will come in and take it away. It is like a man telling you that you have a beautiful clock in your house and you cannot appreciate it, and he will come and take it and put it in his house. What would you do to anyone who dares attempt such a thing? Well, it is the same thing logically that Europe is attempting to do—the oil is too good for the African and, therefore, Europe must go down and take it, as if Europe owns this world. God Almighty, God the Creator, God the Divine Architect, owns this world wheresoever He is. I have never seen Him, but I feel Him and know He is somewhere, and wheresoever He is I know that Ha owns this world and no one race owns it, and all of the human race have a right to this world, and no man, whether he be white, yellow or red, is going to take my portion of this world no long as I have the breath of life. Negroes Determined to Suffer No More I speak the sentiment and give expression to the feeling of the New Negro who is to be found all over the world. We have suffered long for 300 years, and we are tired of suffering any longer. It is better death than this continuous suffering; and if they are expecting they are going to deprive us of Africa and later on tell us Africa is a white man's country, I repeat, they have a second thought coming. It is going to be a surprising reaction when they expect that they will make Africa a white man's country as they have tried to make Australia a white man's country. The game is to depopulate the world of the weaker peoples and the stronger ones occupy the land; but they will have some time in this new age, when the eyes of all men are open, whether they be Irish, Egyptian, Hindu, or Negro. Nations Should Keep Within Their Bounds We believe in justice—human justice; we believe that Europe has a right to confine itself in Europe and be protected there. We believe Asia has a right to confine itself to Asia and be protected there. If Europe wants anything in Asia there is a proper way to go about it—by exchange. Commercial relationship will take to Europe the things that are in Asia, and will take to Asia the things that are in Europe; and if they want the things in Africa they must carry on the same commercial and human relationship. If they think they are going to observe their relationship and destroy ours they make a big mistake, because we are no hungry monkeys; we are now man. (Applause.) And we are man with a vengeance, because we know our ability; we know our worth; we know that when the supreme sacrifice is to be made no man can make a better sacrifice than the Negro soldier. (Applause.) And if we could make such a sacrifice in the last bloody war the British will fail, the Great Britain, the American for the Muslim, we can make it for ourselves in Africa. (Applause.) A Serious Guessing I want you people of Liberty Hall to understand that this is a serious question. It is not an industrialism. It is a problem to the public of Mr. Wolley. It is not an international question. The British. What is to order are weighted by the statesmen of his course. leading to the nation and to the race to which they belong. Don't use much attention to what the individual of the mass of the people says at any time but listen rather to what the leaders of the people say because the leaders can change the mood of the masses of the people over night. The masses of the people can be friendly to you because they are innocent of what is happening, but you must judge and weigh the expression of the words and the action of those who said the people. Wells is a leader of English opinion, he is a distributor of English thought and the leaders of the Negro race must pay keen attention to what Wells says on this question. Wells Reveals English Attitude New Statesmanship of the Negro New Statesmanship of the Negro Wells pays no regard to the Negro race because he does not take us seriously, like many a writer, like many a statesman of the present day still believing that Negroes are infants and children. They come in contact with the Negro who comes that in hand" to beg a dime or a dollar to lay the corner stone of a church they come in contact with the Negro who begs for money to start some newspaper to carry out a friendly policy. They don't come in contact with the new statesmanship of the Negro because that statesmanship is an independent one. That statesmanship does not beg. That statesmanship makes a demand, and falling to give and to yield when the demand is made, you stand the consequences. That is the new statesmanship of the Negro race, and it is confined to no one country, it is universal. It has come upon us through the bloody war of 1914-1915, it has come upon us through the readjustment of human affairs, it has come upon us through the readjustment of political boundaries, and in this readjustment of political boundaries we say: "Let Ireland be free, let Egypt be free; let India be free, let Palestine be free, and above all, let Africa be free, from coast to coast" (Great Applause.) ```markdown ``` Negro's Bympathy for Other Oppressed Repolls Our sympathy at this time goes out to the 4,000,000 Irish men, women and children of Ireland; to the 380,000,000 people of India; to the 7,000,000 or 8,000,000 men, women and children of Egypt; and since charity begins at home, since love begins at home, our sympathy goes out to the 400,000,000 men, women and children of our race throughout the universe. We say that for one thing, and if need be, we shall die for one thing—the freedom of our common motherland. Africa, irrespective of what Wells, Bailey, Bryant, Kato, Hughes, or any of the statesmen now meeting in Washington may think on the matter. We welcome peace; we ardently hope for peace, and I do hope peace will come to the world before Christmas (laughter); but peace for Negroes can only be accepted when they have deals fairly with all peoples; and let it be understood that this means that we demand for ourselves a place in this world. Heartlessness of Others How heartless, how inhuman, how wicked, how sinful, that man of such intelligence should sit down and plan the destruction of other people! It amounts to nothing less. When Wella, a great master mind, writes that Africa is for something more important than to have within her borders the native Africana, he well knows he is simply telling the English people that they should go there and rob the people and exterminate them and ultimately take away their country. Wella knows that Africa legally and morally, and in every way, justly belongs to the black man. Then why should he, with all his intellect and his intelligence, be inspiring his countryman and men of his race to be unfair with other people a territory? If we have no right in America, as they do say, if we have no right in Asia, as they do say, where, then, do we have a right to exist but in Africa? And if Africa is your last resort, and Wells is advising his people— ASTHMA CURED BY SIMPLE REMEDY Tennessee Drought Discover Simple Remedy For Asthma and Nike Generous FREE TEXAL Offer to Readers Thirty years ago Mr. C. Leavengood, a widely known Kansas drug-gist, discovered a simple, easy-to-take prescription for Asthma—he gave it to people who had suffered for years and, to their amusement, they say they were easily cured—these people told their friends, and this way thousands (have spent their lives so far) with Leavengood feel so confident that his prescription will cure in all cases that he generously offers to send a big bottle on 10 days' Free Trial to any reader of this paper who will write for it. If it cures pay $1.25, otherwise you own nothing. Send no money—just write to C. LEAVENGOOD, 1659 B. W. Rivke, Jesdale, Kansas, and the prescription will be mailed immediately. urging them to go to Africa and take the oil and everything there don't you see that that man is planning the destruction of the Negro, and is an enemy to the race." And however intellectual he is shall regard him as such and shall meet him on the common battlefield (Applause). Men who are so sinful as that and who have that conception of things as regards Africa and our race, are men whom you have to watch carefully. He may be a patron of his race, being so inclined to see only through the specialties of his own race, but if he thinks he is going to have an easy time getting oil and other things in Africa as in the past he makes a big mistake. He and his people may go on for a year or longer maybe for five years or more, but Mr. Wells, a tradition is coming. A Retribution Coming There is a thing called retribution. It takes us a moment late in our work in our operations and I feel the reaction is coming the retribution is coming. I admire the wise statesman ship of David Blood George, he knows what coming. That's why he is trying to get rid of the Irish trouble. He has some sense all right. I hope he will get told of Wesle and put some sense on his head. For 400 years England has had Ire and we have 400,000 people on her hands. Look out. We will give you 400,000,000 Negroes to handle. And the Negro is good and kind and peaceful and loving and charitable, but when you provoke the Negro then the Negro gets bad. A daughter and applause. The Negro's Supreme Duty This is my message tonight to my father, Mr. H. Wells, and when he does write again about Africa, I hope he will be better informed. I ask you people to remember that your one duty your supreme duty is to think of Africa, always to work for it every hour, every minute every second every moment of the day, for the redemption of Africa, our motherland (Thunderous applause, followed, upon request by the speaker, of the singing of the National Anthom. Ethiopia, Thou Land of Our Fathers.) SIR WILLIAM H. PERRIS SPEAKS Bir William H Ferris, assistant President General of the U N I A. and literary editor of The Negro World, in the opening address of the evening, spoke in part as follows. I have observed the difference in the attitude of the press of the world toward the Negro now from what it was five years ago. Five years ago last September, in Chicago, the A. M. E. Conference met in the Institutional A. M. E. Church. Bishop L. J. Coppin preached a great sermon, Dr J. R. Hawkins and Dr J. H. Henderson delivered wonderful addresses on education. Sunday afternoon I went with an article on the conference, about two columns in length, to the Chicago papers, and none of them would publish it. Then, four years ago last summer, the Connectional Council of the A. M. E. Zion Church met in the same city, and the papers devoted but a very small, insignificant space to its discussions. Today, however, an article written by Mr H. G. Wells on African affairs takes up a goodly portion of the front page of the New York World. (Applause.) I see also that the Boston Post devoted two pages to Dr Relaser, the Harvard professor, discovering the tembs of Ethiopian kings. Furthermore, I see that a Chicago paper has printed big headlines, followed by a double column of matter, in an article devoted to the Negroes of Chicago launching out in grand opera. The country and the world now realise that there is a great deal more locked up in the black man's brain and in his will than was realized four or five years ago. When the Negro was brought as a slave to this country those who desired to keep him in bondage tried to prove that he was not a member of the human family. They claimed that the fact that his color was darker, his hair coarser and his features thicker than those of the rest of mankind was proof that God ordained him to be a servant and slave to other. This always seemed to me to be a slander upon the character of God Almighty to impute to the Author, Sustainer and Great Judge of this universe that He predestined some men to be slaves and some men to be masters. (Applause.) Here the speaker referred to the claim made when Lincoln decided to arm the slaves to help fight for the North that he would run before he would fight, all of which was more than disproved by the valor and courage of the colored troops in every battle in which they fought in the Civil War. Some of the strongest and bravest of Napoleon's soldiers were black men. Many of the soldiers of the great Roman Empire were black, and the same is true of Rubion and Porsin, recent discoveries having revealed representations of black soldiers engaged in the great battles recorded in the history of these ancient countries. Continuing, Professor Ferris and The New Negro realizes that for two thousand years his brain and his muscle have helped enrich the white races and to build up Caucasian civilization but now he desires to use his brain and his muscle to build up something for himself. (Applause.) Heretofore whenever a colored man of note died in the South he was referred to by the papers as a worthy Negro who had passed away, or a faithful servant. But today the New Negro wants to be regarded, not as a faithful servant for someone else, but as a faithful servant for himself. (Applause.) Preachers have urged THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 "AFRICAN REDEMPTION FUND" the Negro to bear the trium and tribulations of the world and get his reward on the other side of the grave but the New Negro wants to receive some of his reward now (Applause) Negroes Demand Reasonable The demands of the Negro seem to me to be reasonable. They are only what a normal white man would ask for. They would be a modest demand for the normal white man but our friends in the South look upon the demands of the black man on contrary reason and highly objectionable when those demands contrast in his asking for his rights and what is his just due just as if a house were to walk into a part one dog were to attempt to get up on the table like an ante talking as a mouse. But as this is deproved when it is remembered that men like Toussaint L'Occitane who was born a slave and men like Frederick Douglass and Booker Washington and others who were also always dived and accomplished great things and if struggling against the great odds they had to contend with they won distinction in the world, what might not the Negro achieve and conquer when it has the favorable conditions of the advantages such as he enjoys today in employment altogether different and far superior in that of his forefathers. Started by the Universal Negro Improvement Association for the Liberation of Africa-All Negroes Asked to Subscribe Five Dollars or More The Universal Negro Improvement Association, charged with the responsibility of freeing the four hundred million oppressed Negroes of the world and with the redemption of Africa, is now raising a universal fund to capitalize its work for the freedom of Africa. The Second Annual International Convention of the Negro peoples of the world legislated that a capitalization fund for the propagation of the work be raised from among all Negroes under the caption of "The African Redemption Fund", that each member of the Negro race be asked to donate the dollars ($5,00) or more to the fund for the cause of world welfare adjustment, and the freedom of Africa. Each and every Negro contributing to this fund will receive a certificate of race levy, given by the Universal Negro Improvement Association with the autographed signatures of the Provisional President of Africa, the Secretary General and High Chancellor of the University Negro Improvement Association. If you are a person of color are desirous of strong your race illiterated if you are not illiterated. We free from oppression if you are desirous of land. Up great Negro race you will send in your five dollars or more immediately to the African Redemption Fund. Send postal money order, money mail order, check or American currency to the Universal Negro Improvement Association. Attentions must be made out to the association and must be addressed to Secretary General University Negro Improvement Association, 50 West 135th street, New York City, N.Y. U.S.A. Honor for we have wilt for our sailor friends and philippe on the Canadian fate to give us a and an upward push and it is the manner of the Imperial Negro im- mortal Association which was born by the Hon Marquis faraway to have the Negro give himself a lift and a push independent of others. The only rises the only individuals the only nations that will be dominant, in this world are those who have self reliance who possess the resources and mean- physical, intellectual and material with which to sustain themselves. And it is by attempting to give the Negro an economic background and forma- tion by attempting to give him com- mercial strength, that the U N I A is giving the Negro the platform on which he can stand and the resources by which he can sustain himself. And I believe that this awakening of the soul which we have seen in the past three years is but the beginning when 400,000,000 Negroes all over the world will be galvanized with the spirit of real progress and will go forward to make their contribution to civilization as their ancestors did by the waters of the Nile on the plains of Babylon and on the Isle of Morce. (Applause) All donations to this fund will be acknowledged in The Negro World work by week and a book of donors will be printed and circulated all over the world as a record for succeeding generations of Negroes to see and know who contributed to the liberation of the race and the freedom of Africa. Send in your five dollars or more now. All persons desiring 325 or more to this fund in addition to being granted a certificate will have this or her photograph published in The Negro World and in the Universal Volume to be published for distribution all over the world. SAD DEATH OF U. N. I. A. MEMBER November 29, 1921 On Saturday, November 26, 1921, the death of Joshua E. Campbell, a young and loyal member of the U. N. I. A created intense gloom in our community. In attempting to take a seat on a pump car while returning from work on that evening he fell from the car. All efforts to prevent the car from passing over him failed. He was hurried to the doctor, while his constant prayer was "Lord have mercy on me." After receiving the attention of the doctor he requested those around him not to worry. At about 5:30 p.m. he died. We, his fellow officers and members of the division, have lost a good friend and faithful worker. His death is felt on every side, as he never failed to attend our meetings. On Sunday, November 27 at 2:45 a large crowd filled Liberty Hall draped in black, to pay the last honour to our deceased brother. After the reading of a passage from Scripture by our assistant chaplain G W Tennett Treas, followed by a hymn, a procession, led by the officers and followed by the palibacarera, members of the club and friends of the deceased, wended its sorrowful way to the cemetery where the burial service was performed and our brother laid to rest. We hope to meet him in the sweet by-and-bye. We the officers, members and friends of the deceased residing in Niquero take advantage of the courtesy of The Negro World to tender our condolences to the bereaved relatives of our beloved brother. Blessed is he whose transgressions are forgiven J. R PARRIS Secretary Niquero, Orlando, Cuba SPRINGFIELD, ILL. U. N. I. A. SPECIAL TO THE NEGRO WORLD We are glad to state to the people of the world that the Garvey movement or U N I A is bearing fruit in this vicinity our people have a better business spirit and business enthusiasm Little by little they are launching out into the business world. The U N I A has rendered beneficial programs which have been enlightening, educating and inspiring. The main thing, or great setback or handicap with our people is lack of business ability We must first take the apprenticeship—we do not know how to conduct business. We lack initiative—the pioneered spirit—all of those "bosetting sina" are being removed through the teachings and inspirations gleaned from the U. N. I A, but we must not hope to act ahead of our thoughts. We must be taught how to think as well as how to put our thoughts into operation. The OLD RELIABLE REMEDY for COLDs Breathe Cold in 24 Hours La Gripe in 3 Days GASCARA QUININE World's Standard For Two Generations QUICKER to take effect—the cold and most dependable remedy for Head-ticks, Colds and La Gripe. Never be without ELI's C. B. Q. Tablets. Give them beauty—prevent illness by taking them at the first sign of a Cold or Headache. ELI's Cascara Brunide Quinine Tablets are pleased to take and more to act. He had after effects. He "head rises." B safeguard every member of the family against winter complaints. Dense red hair bearing No. ELI's portrait and signature. At All Drugs—30 Cases W. B. HILA COMPANY, DETROIT, INC. On December 18 the U N I. A. will present a superb special program at Masnola Hall. All of the members should attend and bring someone, each, who is not a member. We advise you all to read The Negro World and be authentically informed do all important data appertaining to your own history. Joseph Cagter, Guapiles, Costa Rica, C A 5 00 William N Booth, Santa Clara, Guapiles, C R. C A 5 00 Archibald Thompson, Port Lomon, Costa Rica, C A 5 00 James N. Nosbett, New York City 5 00 Tricellom Leamez, Preston, Oriente Cuba 5 00 I A Boltram, Preston, Oriente Cuba 5 00 Frank Hall, Columbus, Ohio 5 00 Iue Minnie Field, Slicksville, Pa 5 00 Tom Johnson, Slicksville, Pa 5 00 West Minnie Field, Slicksville, Pa 5 00 Lanner Robertson, Philadelphia, Pa 5 00 Mary L. Case, Boston Mass 5 00 Myrtle L. Case, Boston Mass 5 00 H S R Case, Boston Mass 5 00 Aaron Williams Due West S C 5 00 A D Williams Due West S C 5 00 Jane Smith, Chicago Ill 5 00 Lam Anderson, Elizabeth N L 5 00 Simon Barley, La Cuba, Spacosh Hotel, C A 5 00 Mille White Dayton Ohio 5 00 I D Osborne New Edford, Mass 5 00 Warren Barnes New Orleans La 5 00 Anna Anderson, Dayton La 5 00 Edward Johnson Miami La 5 00 James S Davis Winston Salem N C 5 00 Z I Anderson Preston Cuba 5 00 A C Cockrell Vancouver Canada 5 00 M Cockrell Vancouver Canada 5 00 Lice Rawlinson New Orleans La 5 00 Elizabeth Blackman New York City 5 00 Anna Peterson Guam manne Oriente Cuba 5 00 Walter Duncan Hoberton Va 5 00 John Williams New Orleans Ala 5 00 K Gilbert Simpson Crayton Omaha 5 00 Carrie Booright Crayton Omaha 5 00 Glorie James Crayton Omaha 5 00 I H Hunter Crayton Omaha 5 00 Will Smith Crayton Omaha 5 00 Charles Lacks New Albany N S Carolina 5 00 Willham Husband New Albany N S Carolina 5 00 Darley Allene New Albany N S Carolina 5 00 On Harrison Da 5 00 Leromand Christopher Ashley Leromand C A 5 00 Donations 10 50 REPRODUCTIONS Georgown Derection you will be $500 as my contribution to I ever proving God for our success stand by the truths of our cause and or Africa. I remain I enclosed you will be $500 as my contribution to the African Redemption Fund. I ever prayed God for our success. I pray you will help God will stand by the cause of our country and so based on the redemption of Africa. Yours, L. C. W. Bacon Guild, L. Dec. 6, 1921 onclosed $5.00 for the African Redemption Fund I will do all I can try and entice my people to re- tention of their motives, or of which I am putting rest in making most what you are striving to. Hope to leave the Divine Blessing upon High. Yours truly, Victory Park, N. J. Dec. 2, 1921 onclosed $5.00 as my contribution to the African I am praying for the success of the movement. Leader: Matons Gavry. I am 100 percent for the car. Respectfully yours. W. D. H. Elizabeth N. J. Dec. 9, 1921 you will find $5.00 as my contribution to this great f that the Lord and Saviour test. Christ will be be redeemed. for the African Redemption Fund try and entice my people to ra and ok, of which I am putting a what you are striving for. Hoping ing them on High estrally W S Straits Park N J Dec 2 1921 contribute to the African R re success to the movement. Lo I am 100 percent for the con- sults yours W D H Elizabeth N J Dec 9 1921 my contribution in this great fund Savour less Christ will be here in Christ J G PUBLIC You All a d Happy New Year and Bitter the Times Seem Please find one collar $5,000 for the African Redemption Fund this noble cause I will do all I can try and entice my people to rat- tor the redemption of their mother and of which I am putting my efforts to assist in making just what you are striving for. Helping that you will receive the gift of blessing to them high. Please find enclosed $5.00 as my contribution to this great fund. I hope and pray that the Lord and Saviour Jesus will be here until we have a redeemed Apostle. Yours in Christ TO THE PUBLIC We Wish You All a Merry Christmas and Happy New Year Latter How Hard and Bitter the May Seem ```markdown ``` PRAUSE & SPREEN at 505 Lenox Avenue We ready to serve you with a delightful plate of cream. Our delicious assorted sandwiches and Christmas Present to present her with a lot so that she will possess a sweet dessert confectionery. Orders for Ice Cream prem Pay a visit to Harding Favorite Bar. ox Avenue with a delightful plate of Home and dining are also present her with a lift. The sweet disposition High for the Garden are truly a are always ready to serve you with a delightful plate of Home Made Ice Cream. Our delicious assorted candies are also a sweet Christmas Present to present her with a 1 lb. lb. or 3 lb. box so that she will possess a sweet dispersion. High Class Confectionery. Orders for Ice Cream promptly attended to. Pay a visit to Harlem Favorite Parlor. The World's Famous Indian Herb Medicine—We Have Found the Hidden Treasure Women and men the time has now come when we give to the scalp that grow hair on bald heads and bald spots, also hair vigorous and prevents its falling. Come and have your scalp treated. Hours from 9 A M to 8 60 P M. Only To those who cannot reach us we will send the Quick Hair Grower. $1 00 per can. No dangerous chemicals used. Also our Long Life Blood and Rheumatism medicine. $1 00 per bottle. Cough Syrup $0 35 per bottle. L. & B. Face Lotion for cleaning the face from worms and bumps $0 60 per bottle Mail Orders promptly attended. All our medicines are made from the purest indulger Herbs and Barks. Cumberland' Street, Merrick Park Jamaica, L. I. Factory and Office. PHONE: JAMAICA 408-243- ```markdown ``` $ \therefore u_{2}=\therefore $ ```markdown ``` Marcus Garvey, the Living Toussaint L'Overture, Creator of The Universal Negro Improvement Association THERE CAN BE NO INDEPENDENCE OF AFRICA WITHOUT UNITED ORGANIZATION By WILLIAM PRESTON MOORE ORIENTAL INCENSE & BURNER 100 POST PAID DELIGHTFULLY FRAGRANT ——Perfumes the Air SEND NO MONEY — Send your name and address gum, and we will send you portraits, as instructory eder, this wonderful incense, consisting of Oriental Bronzed Incense Burner, and a big package of James "Temple of Allah" INCENSE "Temple of Allah" incense has a dainty, refined odor that is very quiet and soothing to the nerves. "Temple of Allah" incense is unspoiled as an odorizer for the bathroom, sick room, nursery, musty or ill-speaking rooms. It overcomes the odor from stale tobacco. James Temple of Allah incense has a fascinating Oriental Ode. It is composed of Rose Fennel, Sweet Dill Indian Mandarin and Pimenta Oregano. It is fragrant, treasively as a secret powder by women who know. MONEY REFUNDED IF NOT SATISFIED. JAMES DRUG CO., Dyrt. CDR. 63 NASSAU STREET NEW YORK CITY An Ideal Holiday Gift The Universal Negro Improvement Association is the greatest movement in modern history by African descendants outside of Africa. The organization presents if financially and unitedly supported, a greater prospect of success than any other. This concrete and creative organization, if it is unitedly supported by all the People of Color regardless of status and station, tribe or nation, great or small will ultimately prove to be the proper racial channel to bring forth Africa's freedom, as we view it racially President-General Garvey is charged with the duty of contributing by every honorable means in his power consistent with the safety of the race and of the African continent in a happy issue of the unanimous deliberations of the increasing Universal Negro Improvement Association. His Excellency is perhaps our most pronounced personality. President Garvey through understands organization. In her words he is efficiently constructed, the greatest modern organization and is really the modern United States. Outverture in North America. All organizations will not permanently sustain the best conceived enterprise of the United States numerically and financially provided by the race. The Universal Negro Improvement Association must be a wisdom personality and must give a tremendous force in saving out a constructive freedom of the members of the African American community. The first requisite to such organization is an inseparable sense of racial unity which the association seems to be able to sustain. The U.N.A should work in cooperation with Japan in all spheres of interracial activities. The association should also seek the cooperation of the Catholic, Orthodox and Christian churches of all races and nations to be the all-important sequence. The association is now busy but surely construing the necessary machinery to set in motion the pendulum of African freedom, to create a free government based on equality of opportunity. The association has accomplished more during its infancy than all the other organizations together during the past one hundred years, hence it is the recognized residuary legates—the perverse pioneer of African Independence of the disfranchised hordes of Africa. It is the most extraordinary successful chapter in the African history of organizations and associations we can recall. Africa is happy to find a Provisional President of the most modern and approved leader with an international breadth of vision and view. The far-reaching James Garvey is one of the really great men in history. No man ever agreed to such a critical juncture in the face of the race and no man ever made much of his opportunity. His accomplish are colossal but his actual ideals are as nothing compared to his ideals already seen in the furrows of the world world. Living, he stands on the side of L'Ouverture and Mace. Real he will overtop either within ever one year. Corporate issues are trying to build an ambitious organizations to "flag off" the Association. Already that the game is beginning to play out. In the first place, it is purely automatic, and in a few years there will be ability to drive the machine up. In the second place Africa comes along and asks, What did you do? History comes nothing for the partisan quarrels of the minds "Show me your identity." Then the voice of history, answers for Marcus Garvey, will say, First he created the Black Star Line Stramship Corporation; second, the Negro Factories Corporation; third, the Annual International Convention of Negroes; fourth, the African Redemption fund; fifth, the Universal Negro Improvement Association's Construction Loan sixth, the Civil Service Division seventh, he created a new era in constructive association legislation for Africa, eighth, he conceived and founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association, Incorporated. ..... the overflowing Second Annual Convention of which was held in New York City from August 1 to 81, 1921, ninth, he organized the largest number of the Darker Races in one "universal organization" ever known, tenth, he created and organized the African Legion, eleventh, organized the Black Cross Nurse in connection with the association, twelfth, the Black Star Band; and thirteenth, the Honorary Order of the Nila. That is the sort of man whose name will go down the ages. In the matter of measures the means of President Garvey seems decidedly catholic. Since the formation of the association the number of members has greatly increased. This is due largely to the personality and poise of the great man behind it. The deed virtue of the individual is obedience. Daniel Webster when asked what was the greatest thought that ever came into his mind, replied "The sense of my responsibility to God. Every member of the association should make that his or her personal policy in the deliberations of the association. Dr Frank Crane says. You will find that all the great masters of the world's destiny have had an intense feeling of being tied up to something, of being under a certain compulsion, of being bound by obligations from which it were impossible to escape." The association, to our mind, requires loyalty to its chosen objects and regulations of its corporations. Africa cries out "First I invisional President Garvey, help me!" "I cannot do otherwise." This is the association toward which our African age is striving. The association can accomplish its aims and objects with intelligent co-operation of its general membership, so give unto it your loyal encouragemen by financially supporting its corporate objects—obeying its rules and regulations—in monetary matters there is strength. The developing agency of an association, as of an individual, is responsibility. Only in "freedom" can a race grow "independent" and "powerful" as "a nation." We need experienced men and women, crowned with common sense, "not extraordinary brains and shrewdness, but common honesty, not brilliant leadership, but old-fashioned loyalty." "We don't want rulers at all; we want servants, men who, like Abraham Lincoln, understand what the people want, and govern by doing their will. We don't want rulers who know Letter than we; we want those who know us, and love us, and are faithful, 'o us." There can be no independence of Africa without united organization. PHYSICAL GEOLOGY (Continued from page 7—First Section) matter must be very different from anything known at the surface, whether it be moderately or enormously hot. Under sufficient pressure and proper conditions the rigidity of solid metals at the surface of the earth breaks down, and they undergo through mashing a flowage like liquids. But the resistance to flowage is greater than would be the rigidity at the earth's surface. Under such pressure it would seem as if substances would be resolved into a condition neither solid, liquid nor gaseous, as we know them, and which might be indeed, a fourth state of matter, the condition they might assume on relief of pressure may depend on the temperature. In recent years serious objections have been advanced which throw doubts upon the validity of the nebular hypothesis in the form previously stated and another hypothesis has been propounded in the endeavor to meet them. It is sufficient to say here that the earth is regarded as having been built up gradually by the infall and accretion of relatively small bodies "planeticalmala." Through the enormous pressures exerted under the influence of gravity, contraction ensued, and gaseous matters have been ex- THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1821 HILL—WARE BAKERS SINCE 1889 Buy Your Christmas Goodies Here and Be Sure of the Quality CAKES MANY VARIETIES TO CHOOSE FROM Try a Molasses Fruit Cake, 25c Each PIES FAMOUS FOR OVER 10 YEARS Pricas from 35c to $2.15 COOKIES AND FANCY CAKES—ALL SORTS AND MODERATELY PRICED 339 Park Ave. 310 Lenox Ave. 2724 Eighth Ave. 550 Borgen Ave. 504 Lenox Ave. P. S.—Whole Wheat Bread Keeps You Healthy pelled, giving rise to the atmosphere and surface waters. The contraction is thought to be the source of the interior heat. In the interior core, where the contraction is greatest, the most heat develops, and this flows outwardly to an intermediate zone. The latter is held to receive heat faster from the interior than it loses it by conduction to the outer crustal zone, as a result melting ensues, and the liquid material, by the forces to which it is subjected, works its way upward to the surface and, along with the escaping gases, gives rise to the volcanic phenomena. The escape of heat through volcanic agencies regulates the temperature of the intermediate zone and prevents any notable mass of it, beyond relatively thin volcanic threads, from becoming liquid. This hypothesis has been recently advanced, it apparently meets the objections against the former one, whether it will encounter new difficulties of its own, time alone can tell. The radio-active properties of matter have still more recently been appealed to as a source of the earth's interior heat, as has been mentioned under the cause of volcanic energy. We have learned that in the disintegration or breaking down of certain elements, such as uranium and thorium, into other elements, as radium and lead, and in the further disintegration of radium into helium and by-products, relatively enormous quantities of heat are developed. Furthermore, radio-activity is found to be a widely spread property of rocks, especially of the igneous areas. That a part of the earth's interior heat is due to this cause is unquestionable, recent investigations would seem to indicate that it may be entirely so. It also seems most probable that radium and the heat which it produces by its disintegration is confined to a shallow zone of the exterior but a few miles in depth. It is stated that investigation in the Alpine tunnels has shown that the rate of heat increase is proportional to the radio-activity of the rocks. While we are not yet in a position to see clearly the full significance of the matter, it seems probable that this conception of the part played by radio-activity may lead, as it is further investigated, to ideas concerning the physical state of the earth's interior and the cause of its different energies, which are quite d'erent from anything expressed in the foregoing discussion. AN ENCOURAGING REPORT FROM THE BANES, CUBA, U. N. L. A. Offices and members of the Bancs Division U N I A and A C L are pleased to report of the active work which was accomplished in our midst by the Hon Edwardo V Morales, High Commissioners for Cuba. Arriving here on the night of November 15 he met the officers of the division on the evening of the 18th. On the night of the said date all Bancs turned out to welcome the commissioner in our regular Sunday night mass meeting He gave a thrilling report of the convention. On the 17th he met the officers again for another conference On the 18th the Honorable Gentleman Inspected the Legione, Black Cross Nurses, Motor Corps Girls and Juveniles on parade from 48 to 7 p.m. from the parade we repaired to Liberty Hall, where he gave a lecture to the uniformed unita. At 8:30 p.m. of the said date the officers had their regular executive meeting, the commissioner in our midst advising and instructing. On the 13th the regular business meetings of the division was held. The officers roll was called, the seats of all non-financial officers were declared vacant by the commissioner as required by the constitution. On the 20th at a special mass meeting the commissioner spoke on the "Black Star Lina," encouraging all to buy shares and assist the corporation in floating more ships. We had in our midst a distinguished guest, the Alcald of the town, who addressed the audience in Spanish, encouraging us in the good fight, and promised his assistance in whatever lies in his power. The commissioner addressed in Spanish also, for the benefit of the Alcald, and our Cuban members. Special mention must be made of the Black Cross Nurses (under the able leadership of the Matron, Mrs. H. A. Collins), who are ever at their post, marching in front and forming in double file in Liberty Hall, while officers and distinguished guests pass through. On the 1st the officers met for another conference. On the 22nd the membership gave a social in honor of the commissioner. On the 23rd the regular Sunday night meeting was held. The commissioner gave an interesting and encouraging address, entrenching the members to hold on and support the program of the U. N. I. A., which is our only ark of safety. On the 24th he called a special member's meeting. A special offering was taken in aid of the African Redemption Fund, while an organ-recital was given by Mr. J Aarong, assistant organist. The secretary read from the constitution the requirements of officers. The Honorable Commissioner advised the officers to study the constitution, which is their guide. He entreated all officers to maintain the highest order of respectability. It was decided by the members that the vacant seats of officers be left open until they have had the chance to study the men who will be called upon to fill such important offices. Owing to the fact the executive secretary had resigned some time previous, it was agreed to fill that office. Three nominees were put up by the membership: Messrs J Aaron, T. A. Elliot, and Miss J A Kelson. Number of votes obtained: J Aaron, 8; T. Elliot, 22; J. Kelson, 116. Miss Kelson was duly elected executive secretary for the division. Installation of officers was made by the commissioner. He outlined to each officer his or her duties as required by the constitution. The necessary questions were put to each. All vowed to be faithful to the cause, and to do all in their power to further the aims and objects of the association. After taking the vow, each was given the right hand of fellowship. Too much cannot be said of the solemn way in which the installation was done. Each office left Liberty Hall with a clearer vision and a firmer determination to do so for Africa's redemption. Amount of collection raised during his stay was $68.82. The membership was given the free franchise as to what must be done with said amount. The High Commissioner for Cuba is the right man in the right place. Long may he live to spread the doctrine of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and to uphold the colors of the Red, the Black and the Green. Thanking you in advance for space. For racial uplift. JEMIMA KELSO. Secretary Bance Division, Cuba November 28, 1921. HAVANA, CUBA, DIVISION STILL ADVANCING WARNING TO THE COLORED PEOPLE OF NORTH CAROLINA Caught in the maelstrom of the economic depression under which the Republic of Cuba now groans, the Havana division is bravely struggling onward and upward with the firm belief that the aims and objects of the U. N. I. A will be realized. Despite the fact that many of our members have been out of employment for a considerable time and are virtually facing starvation, yet the fires of Garvayiam burn brightly in the hearts of those who are determined to sacrifice for the advancement of the Negro's cause, even unto death. man by the name of E. W. PEARSON is operating in the State of North Carolina, claiming to be President of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. The public is now informed that this man is not authorized by the Universal Negro Improvement Association to represent its interests. The Universal Negro Improvement Association is chartered by the State laws of New York and registered in the State of North Carolina. This man is now conducting a campaign to collect money for commercial purposes and enroll 10,000 members. We have not authorized him to do so, and shall not be responsible for his acts. ALL DIVISIONS of The Universal Negro Improvement Association in North Carolina are warned. The spirit with which the early Christians were imbued was manifested when the Cuban and other West Indian Negroes sacrificed so willingly in order to assist in relieving the sufferings of the hundreds of penniless West Indian Negroes who, after invagging as far as Barbados a few weeks ago, were forced to return to this city, where they slept in the parks and depended upon charity for their subsistence. A State Representative of the Universal Negro Improvement Association has been appointed and will visit all the Divisions, presenting his credentials properly signed and sealed. BY ORDER UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION MARCUS GARVEY, President-General. Driven from park to park, these suffering brothers, subjects of Great Britain, assembled at the British Consulate, vowing to remain there until definite arrangements were made in their behalf, or until death should relieve them of their sufferings. The result of this concerted action and manly determination caused the Consul to exercise his influence in behalf of His Britannio Majesty's suffering subjects, with the result that a steamboat was immediately placed at the disposal of those who, failing to collect the money earned by them, were anxious to return to their native land. SUDDEN EXPOSURES BRING CODPS, COLDS AND CATARBON It is then that a dependable remedy is needed and appreciated. For it is necessary to keep the mind sharp and to take more cold. The cough grows worse, more annoying. Perhaps you try this or that remedy without remission and meanwhile the cough continues and the cold can be relieved. Guard yourself against such trouble by having a suitable remedy handy. THOUSANDS OPENED UPON AND BEGUNNES PE-RU-NA Mrs. Maylene Owenssey; Liberal, Moy, say: "Two powerful doses every hour once a cold and relieves a cough. I have used Pe-ru-na for thirty years." Mr. W. R. Harman, Danbury, B. G., says: "Territory in the best medicine on earth for cold and catarrh. It served only worked there." Pe-ru-na is just as good a medicine today as it is fifty years ago when our fathers and grandfathers adopted it as the best of all sale guards to the family health. Dr. Harman, a physician, said that this all the requirements for a suitable emergency medicine. BOLD EVENTS HERE TABLED ON LIQUID Send Four Cents on Bedridd on Extrath THE PE-RU-NA COMPANY COLUMBUS, OHIO Garvoyism is surely, even if slowly, permeating all strata of Negro society in Cuba, and the Havana division, under the intelligent leadership of its zealous and tireless president, Gerald M. G. Clarke and his executive staff, is surely surmounting the obstacles which lie in its path, and are long, with the help of Providence, should be a star of the first magnitude in the galaxy of divisions of the U. N. L. A. and the cynosure of neighboring eyes. Going to Build a Church? Lected Church Piano Sand for Free Samples State Denomination and Price of Church W. A. RAYFIELD & CO. Church Architects BIRMINGHAM. ALABAMA Mention This Paper MASONS. ATTENTION! Are you interested in knowing the inside "Secret Work" of other Secret Societies! We publish complete rituals of the Masonic Order, all degrees and Lodges, Knights of Calamus, QJJ Followers, Eastern Star, Redmen, Woodmen, Knights of Pythias and others. Handbook of Freemasonry gives the correct "Work" and Rituals of the Blue Lodge, including sigma grips and pass words, proper position of each officer, dress ceremony of all three degrees, completely written out, marry instructions. Price, postpaid in cloth binding $1.25, paper binding 75c. GEND FOR COMPLETE CATALOG USED EZERO A. C. COOK PUBLISHERS. Dept. X. 20 E. Ursus Street. "FITTINC THE APPLICANT TO THE JOB" "FITTINC THE APPLICANT TO THE JOB" We bring together the individual and the position for which he or she is best adapted. The character, ability and experience of every applicant are always thoroughly investigated. Mme. M. M. SharpersonYoung, Supt. Employment Dept. and Director of Women'in Industry. Mrs. James Smith, Asst. Supt. Juvenile Placement and Vocational Service Dept. A copy of the records of all Differences, Handouts, Chapters and minutes of the Universal Negro Improvement Association has been stolen from the Secretary-Governor's office by some one who was employed by the organization, either as an office, an employee or an agent. This record, as stated, may be used by the person or persons concerned, to write to the secretary and officers of the distribution of the organization for their own minister or office purposes. All divisions of the Universal Negro Improvement Association are requested to send in their orders for the New Constitutions of the Organization as amended at the last Convention, to the Secretary-General's Office. By Order UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION MARCUS GARVEY, President-General THE U.N.L.A.IN ST. LUCIA CELEBRATES ITS FIRST ANNIVERSARY Wednesday and Thursday November 9 and 10, were the two days set apart for the celebration of the 100th anniversary of the St. Lucia Ducie. On Wednesday at 4 p.m. the members held a parade in the town of Custrones. Presented by an impromptu band playing suitable music the occasion left the hall in Moline Dudley Road, going across the Chaussee, then to Brazil Street and then on to Bridge Street then coming up Jeremiah Street on to Briggle St. Louis, Coral and High Street going on again to Chaussee back in the hall. The number of members in the parade was large but not at all atracted to high strata of our imply and we very large only to be impaired with the crowd on the occasion of the visit of the Prince of Wales last week. The protection was added to a while hearing our Nation's One Aim of Destiny in the and green. The name is the frame of multiple words we three steward members follow three other members hearing the flag of the association accompanied by those of our Nation and the United States. The followers of the former members dressed as Black Cross nurses who were in custody. The president and officers are followed generally in uniform. On readiness and on the road, the guitarist Danielle who thanked those members which turned out to make this demonstration possible and ex- pired the crowd with the demonstration. The Ethiopian National Anthem was their sung and the members dispersed to re- turn for the social at 5 p.m. From 1:30 people started pouring in the hall and when at 2 o'clock the president declared the meeting open the hall was packed to overflowing with member and friends. After the singing of the one From Greenland and a Ice Mountains followed by the Anniversary prayer and an address by the president, the social side of the meeting began with a invitation by Master Franklin Morrison entitled I Am a Negro" followed by a violin solo by Mr Wellington Marshal. Then a song entitled, "I Am Going Down to Ceylon Town," by Mrs. Deatr. A cornet solo We, tho Undersigned ACTIVE MEMBERS OF THE U. N. I. A. Four Hundred Million Negroes of the World LESTER TAYLOR ALICE DUZONG TOBIAS HAMEL C. J. JORSLING META D. CRAWFORD ALBERT McCOY CYRIL BRAITHWAITE A. C. MENZEAS Mr. & Mrs. H. G. SALTUS MARCELLUS STRONG MARTHA MORRIS FLORENCE A. BRUCE EVELYN PLEASANT TRYPHENIA R. CORNELL WINIFRED MATHEWS ENID H. LAMOS BLANCHE LEVY EUSTON R. MATHEWS Mr. A. D. WOODLEY A SINCERE FRIEND Mr. H. HOLMES Miss A. NEADLES JOHN E. BRUCE CHAS. C. ADAMS MARGARET VIRJIL Mr. Q. CASTERA RUTH GREENE Mr. C. Q. MASON Mrs. E. GENCURE GEORGE TIBIAIS EDWIN T. WRIGHT ALPHONES A. JONES Miss P. E. BUCKLEY Mr. L. S. RAWLINS Mrs. C. M. LEDEATT Miss OLIVE REECE throughout except when relieved by Miss Festings and Miss Theobalds. Thursday evening saw the hall once more parked with members and friends. The entertainment of this evening was in the nature of an At Home Refreshments were served to all present. A very good impromptu program was gone through and was well into the small hours of the morning when the president closed the meeting. The middle of the change was excellent and speaks volumes for the principles inculcated by the U. N. through its leader. E J P COM. O'MEALLY THRILLS JAMAICA AUDIENCE ON "BLACK LEADERSHIP" On November 5 we had the honor of entertaining the Hon. James A. O'Mealy, U N I A High Commissioner. The schoolroom was packed to its capacity and many enthusiasts had to remain outside the buildings. The success of the meeting was due in a large measure to our energetic secretary, Mr B E Sharrers, a thorough Curveyite. After the singing of the opening ode, Mr Buff, the president, in a neat speech called upon those who were not members to join the ranks of the U N I A. as it was only through the strength which is found in unity that Negroes could hope to succeed. The secretary then introduced the High Commissioner Mr O'Mealy who was received with hearty applause. The commissioner then delivered a length) interesting, inspiring and safe address on the principles of Warwickism. The audience was keptep bound as the commissioner drove home point after point in favor of "Warwickism" and "Black Leadership." No, and again a witty saying and a bit of humor would send the audience into tears of laughter and applause. Man) Negroes who had refused to join the ranks of the U N I A became members, and promised their support at the close of this mastery address. There was also a musical program Mr Cappie Rold presided at the organ and some very beautiful selections LEG TROUBLES STOPPED BY NEW DISCOVERY Kansas City Physician Makes Generous Offer to Diagnose Cases Free Any reader who suffers from avolon and palpable hips caused by varicose ulcers or leg noses may quickly and easily be rid of these troubles for all time through the remarkable discovery of Dr H. J Whittier. Suite 000 421 E. 11th St. Kansas City Mo. Dr. Whittier has had such phenomenal success in treating cases that had given up all hope that he offers to send free of charge a new illustrated book that tells more about his remarkable treatment which is entirely modern and different from anything you ever heard of. Write Dr Whittier today and find out how you may be rid of varicose ulcers or leg noses without pain or operation, and in the privacy of your own home. THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 Here are a few notable examples that we take pleasure in submitting to you at this time, these are quality goods sold at prices lower than the ordinary B --- M Three simple - amortiyable租賣 memories with matching improvements rendery. No 1.160—Dogs smart suit and dress exercise the kind of suit and dress giving qualities, are fitted in dress west ages 8 to 17 dark brown and true 83.00 a suit and dress. ```markdown ``` and 55 inches long for women in varied styles prices $1.00 and $1.50. Also house dresses for women and girls material gingham and percale. These dresses are as practical as they are smart looking, trim shoulder with belt and percale, pleated front prices $7.20, $8.00. Cash with all receive them Dept. L. ART NOVELTY CO. 01:23 THE LONDON MUSEUM OF MODERN ART 1. $1.00 2. $1.00 3. $2.00 4. $2.00 5. $2.00 6. $2.00 7. $2.00 8. $2.00 9. $2.00 10. $2.00 11. $2.00 12. $2.00 13. $2.00 14. $2.00 15. $2.00 16. $2.00 17. $2.00 18. $2.00 19. $2.00 20. $2.00 21. $2.00 22. $2.00 23. $2.00 24. $2.00 25. $2.00 26. $2.00 27. $2.00 28. $2.00 29. $2.00 30. $2.00 31. $2.00 32. $2.00 33. $2.00 34. $2.00 35. $2.00 36. $2.00 37. $2.00 38. $2.00 39. $2.00 40. $2.00 41. $2.00 42. $2.00 43. $2.00 44. $2.00 45. $2.00 46. $2.00 47. $2.00 48. $2.00 49. $2.00 50. $2.00 51. $2.00 52. $2.00 53. $2.00 54. $2.00 55. $2.00 56. $2.00 57. $2.00 58. $2.00 59. $2.00 60. $2.00 61. $2.00 62. $2.00 63. $2.00 64. $2.00 65. $2.00 66. $2.00 67. $2.00 68. $2.00 69. $2.00 70. $2.00 71. $2.00 72. $2.00 73. $2.00 74. $2.00 75. $2.00 76. $2.00 77. $2.00 78. $2.00 79. $2.00 80. $2.00 81. $2.00 82. $2.00 83. $2.00 84. $2.00 85. $2.00 86. $2.00 87. $2.00 88. $2.00 89. $2.00 90. $2.00 91. $2.00 92. $2.00 93. $2.00 94. $2.00 95. $2.00 96. $2.00 97. $2.00 98. $2.00 99. $2.00 100. $2.00 THE MILK BREAD Favorite Trimming Butte white peat 13 buttons on a 4rd 4-steel 73c linen and white butts 2 on a 8100. ```markdown ``` orders. We p n. Please send ART N long writing lines are durable and strong. Large size is also a pair. The imbedding gives it size. The surface is finished. 8213 We make this special price $1.00 at prices and $1.30 at prices. New clothing prints here are we shirring for making me live shirts and suitability for light wear and afternoon dress B2 B1 B4 B5 V 81.00 85.50 70x 87.00 Women should wear the material (fashionable or useful) about 12 to 14 inches wide and 12 to 14 inches long. ```markdown ``` You'll be beautiful Negro Artist and dressed and with a smile at 8:30 or 8:35. Art airplanes and airplanes. They are a beautiful treasure for the home and the them the home for $2.00. Instructors 2 for $3. or $1.00. Instructors 2 for a semester and a semester plus $1.50. 25th Harrow School The different measures of light reflective surfaces made by the school are used for their use. 17828—Birthday Easter Christian New Year and greeting cards Very active for holidays and other events Price, 180 15c, 100 $3.00, 160 $3.30. all orders the ra for registere TY CO. AVE., NEW each vessel I am to protect it in popular shape and amI ready for it. Onesh wall I see, large $100. $1.00 COLGATE INSPIRÉ DES ESTIMATES ```markdown ``` SWITCH MC-Letter Hand Bag with mirror. Wear a purse, made from fine leather, and have a strap with a price of £2.00, and having bag free of charge within the. No. 13400—While these fancy ribbons or high fader for wonderful lashes and for hair bows the most beautiful material with 120 4% 10 yards in a piece. 88.40. same day we ed packages YORK CITY # HOW TO UNITE THE WEST INDIAN AND AMERICAN NEGROES To the Competition Editor the Negro World. Bir - have carefully and critically read all of the papers submitted by contestants for the prize offered by The Negro World Christmas Edition for the best paper on this subject and I have selected that written by Mr. Geo. C. Kendall, of Boston, Mass. as the best arranged, best written and though out of the many papers I have examined. All who have written on the subject have done so with the evident purpose of answering the question "How to Unite the American and West Indian Negro." In my humble judgment one of the best annotators to it has been submitted by the gentleman named above, whom I have selected for first place not only for the practical suppressions which are careful reading of his paper discloses, but for his clearness and directness of statement and intelligent grasp of the subject. Many of the other papers by constituents for their awards were not written with the care as regards neatness and strictures of the spelling of many sample words as shown in the productions cited. The thought is studied and in many instances learnt. The n't best of these essays are often by Mr. H. J. Puckering of this city, and a very monthly and comfortable sport and should not be him to second place, the last in prize wers. Following Mr. Puckering comes Mr. John Hunter's, of this city which is about 100 years of age, I said, and I know he was a statesman since he has only and we best of letters paper on which to express his company and has done so with the reasonary, using much of the term, for and does us thousand years Mr. Hall. The devel-day of honorable mention of a 11 years R. M. Ruman at Brookings St. P. I. Burrow's ' Buffalo of P's Rehabtion of last day. These deaths of Dr. J. J. Them have done wonderful years, in their efforts to answer question which we all hope will sooner or less and its solution. The voluntary recycling of all Amers and West India seperons for the common good of all those who are the shadused鄙夷 of the but most Since we are all women and have a common dream we should be one in thought and purpose sympathy and fellowship. (First Prize) By GEORGE C KENDALL To the casual observer and to those worming for the unification of all peoples of African ancestry into a solid race unit it may probably appear to be something easy of a accomplishment to unite the West Indian and the American Negro. In the humble opinion of the writer however that is no easy task. He long as these different branches of the Negro Race occupy different lands and are members of different nations it would be just as difficult completely to unite them as it would be to unite at the present time the British Empire and the Republic of the United States of North America under the kingdom of Spain and the Republic of the United States of North America. It is from the greatest conquest in history for its greater conquest in history to understand. The first and most important to be that though throughout they are the same same from the African Mortal man we centuries has been much of the big American to the West Indian and American to their problems and con- currence he required each with his intentions. Not lightly to be held in the light of their America from the land and Portugal has been the basis of their or national actions and that con- tention of those long and as subtle as of those who have more advan- ces than he has in the seat of military utilization could not fail to to have a unified life in many cases in the West Indian and the American to which respect the future histories Letters of interest are delivered people of Writename to the Western Hemisphere to be discussed living under the benign regime of Mother Britain who writes that his not materially accelerated his progress, has never attempted seriously to bind it within three decades of his emancipation finding himself by British Free Trade principles the owner of all the fertile soil of the Western India, the once cherished sugar plantation of his former master by this means placed in the position of a member of a plantation capable to take his sons and daughters to the land. Great Britain can afford the British West Indian Negro wielding great political influence even under the seemingly automatic Crown Colony System of Government it must not be wondered at for the helplessness of the doyon of all Negroes and the in those lands there are nothing to bring the lines of the who died at Philadelphia, U S A one year ago, December 4, 1021, in his 29th year. Nine years and one of nine years be? We are we fond together. To sail our life a certain sea. Through life a certain weather? How bright how brief how beautiful. Thus food nine years appear. We back through all our hope I glance. Back, with a smile and tear. The Lord gnish and the Lord taketh bless be the Name of the Lord Your loving sister and brother-in-law Mr and Mrs Joseph Pyle, R. I, U.S.A. If we had seen you die, dear Rich. Or only take your hand and hear The last words from your lips. We would not feel so and. We will meet you over there In awhower to your prayer. We will meet brother, Mrs Margaret F. Brown, B. W. L. Mr. Joshua F. Brown, Panama C. Z. British social system a West Indian Aristocracy boasting of its few Knights and its many Honourables who would scoff at the idea of unification with less favored members of the Negro Race. To the French Negro has been accorded the full rights of French Publican citizenship, and perhaps the black Frenchman, less than any other Negro, has cultivated the minimum of rate consciousness. The American Negro on the whole, on the other hand has had his own popular development. In his struggle to become an economic and political factor in the midst of a people who greatly outnumber him, with the painful reminder that the barriers erected by slavery can never be completely removed away for nearly thirty years by a school of thought making for naked materialism for the most part he has grown differently in many sports from the British or French West Indian Negro or the native of independent Haiti. The growth of the Latin-American Negro, too, has been different from the development of either of the foregoing. He is apparently not so advanced as title of his brothers and this has been due in the main to the continuous revolutionary chaos obtaining in the republic of Latin America. It is regrettable to record almost the same thing of the natives of the Black Republic of Haiti. It must be left to the analytical mind of the student of psychology to tell us how to make a complete union of all these branches of the race possessing as they do at present such a diversity of interests and of outlook. When the big differences that have arisen have been removed and West Indian and American Negroes can be made to learn for the African Motherland we did his newly captured forbear them and only then it would seem that unity would be within the bounds of accomplishment. To the ordinary jasman who has traveled in the West Indies, Latin America and the United States of North America it would seem that some co-operation in matter of general importance to the race and a better understanding can easily be brought about within a comparatively short space of time between West Indian and American Negroes. I see in the history of the relations between the two great branches of the Anglo-Saxon race much for the enlightenment of our own people. No one should fail to appreciate the fact that often in world matters British and American statesmen have worked together for the superiority of the Anglo-Saxon Why then, too, should not educated Negroes, oblivious to the nationalities imposed on them work for the betterment of Negroes generally? There is no doubt that on the whole recolored West Indian, American and Latin Americans are lamentably ignorant of the doings of one another since they were kidnapped from the bosom of Africa. Effort should be directed to minimizing this great degree of ignorance, to reminding us all that ours is a common ancestry and to concentration on those things in which despite differences of acquired nationality-acquired nationality there is a real community of interest. Methinks I see four means by which the bonds of estranged brotherhood between West Indian and American Negroes may be improved. The first three have for their direct object the removal of the sectional misunderstandings and ignorance of one another which exist, by bringing them more in contact with one another, the other probably makes for cooperation in matters of common interest. I'll colleges universities and similar institutions II By a system of public lectures. III By excursions. IV By conferences and by keeping in the foreground the future of the African Motherland, and by the press. IV By Colleges universities and Similar institutions. (a) Were I a black Cecil Rhodes, on my death I would bequeath such an amount as would give scholarships annually to West Indian and Latin-American members of my race to study in the more up-to-date colored American universities, and vice versa, scholarships to the West Indian and to the Latin-American universities when and if such institutions exist. I would even go further and found traveling scholarships, whereby scholarly colored young men may travel, each in the field foreign to him, with a view to studying Negro social problems and making suggestions for the improvement of my people. do it would seem, too, that by instituting a system of exchange-professorships, or something similar when that cannot be accomplished, much can be done. And so, too, the founding of a system of bi-annual public lectures by West Indian and American colored leaders of thought, each in a field to which he is a stranger. Bad it is to state that very few educated colored West Indians know of Miller, Forlia and many other eminent Afro-American scholars. True it is that they may know of Washington and DuBois, but what exactly has made each of these men famous is a scaled book to the educated West Indian college man. Will it not mean much to each of these big branches of the race to know more of the race's eminent men? Who can say "No!" It is unnecessary to dilate upon (a) and (b), for no sane man will deny that the Rhodes System of Scholarship has contributed much to the betterment of Anglo-American relations, and that Viscount Bryce and others have greatly influenced for the better American public opinion towards Great Britain and that by their addresses they have engendered saner judgment when British and American national interests have happened to conflict. It is inconceivable to think that something similar cannot but have the THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 effect of creating more cordial and sympathetic relations between our own peoples. (c) Intercollegiate Sports These men can do much good. Very much like his African forefather, West Indian and American Negroes are physically fine specimens of manhood and are first-class athletes. The performance of men of the British West Indies Regiment, stationed in Egypt during the great war, elected the admiration of British commanders, many of them Oxford Blues. Surely, as in the case of inter-variety meetings between Oxford and Cambridge and Harvard and Faire very much good will accrue from such meetings between members of West Indian colleges and of colored American institutions. Every true member of the race would like to. And Gourdon measuring his strides against a Californite Carrington or House of Barbados a Harris of Dominica a Taylor of Cologne of Grenada a Farrall of Trinidad, or a Stuart or Thompson of British Guiana. (d) Affiliation of Colored American Institutions to British Senate of Learning Owing to their proximity and to the easier cost of studying within their walls colored American institutions have been of great advantage to the middle class West Indian unable to go to Great Britain to obtain his profession. It is unfortunate however that only diplomas from British schools are recognized in the British West Indies. Cannot such arrangements be made between the foremost colored American universities and British universities whereby British West Indian graduates of the former university may, after a short period of study in Great Britain return to their homes in the West Indies to practice their professions? Such men will be a great medium for the improvement of West Indian and American Negro relations as they are invariably from the peasant proprietary class who constitute the backbone of the West Indies. I. By a System of Public Lectures. This has already been considered under I. (b). Q. V 111 By Excursions Though the West Indies are within comparatively easy reach of the United States, the better class colored American is completely unknown in the West Indies. Generally it may be said that perhaps the West Indian knows a little more of his colored American brother than the colored American knows of him. The West Indies are unsurpassable for bathing places, and the beauty of the different islands cannot easily be extolled. In nearly every island are to be found bathing places superior to Brighton in England and to Miami and Atlantic City in America, and the West Indian Archipelago for its scenery presents a glimpse of Paradise. These islands are visited year in and out by white English, American and Canadians and it will do the colored American much good to do the same thing it may be pleasure and business can at one and the same time be combined by giving the West Indian exhibitions of how his colored American brother has advanced musically and historiologically. About a generation ago a company of Townsend singers visited the West Indies. They were most warmly received and applauded, their memory still lingers fondly in West Indian homes, and by a single visit they caused more sympathetic understanding between our peoples than has such a classic as 'The Souls of Black Folk' on the African Abroad. The fact is that works are unknown in the West Indies. 11 By Conferences and by Keeping in the Foreground the Future of the African Motherland By the Press, etc. Finally I come to a question of increasingly absorbing interest, in which it would appear that there is ample room for co-operation not only between West Indian and American Negroes, but between all people of African ancestry. I refer to the subjects of the rape and spoliation of Africa and the redemption of Africa or Africa redempta. The raping and exploitation of Africa to enrich British and Belgian commercialism, the concomitant atrocities committed thereby, the cruel subjugation of the African in his own home and the virtual reinstitution of slavery in the Belgian Congo and in British South Africa constitute a sad blot on the fair escutcheon of modern civilization. These subjects cry out for a remedy at the hands of all Christian people, and the wrong of Africa should appeal most forcibly to the West Indian and American brothers of the bleeding African. Should not there be saved for the poor African, from further white aggression, as much as possible of fertile Africa? Should there not be exposed to the world wicked legislation tending to curb his freedom and to deprive him of his all and in his native Africa? Christianity answers all Christian peoples should assist the African, and a common ancestry dictates the duty of the West Indian and the American Negro as forcibly as it has dictated the duty of Irishman the world over in the question of the freedom of Ireland. I think that conferences of eminent colored men somewhat along the lines of Dr. DuBois' recent Pan-African Congress, keeping watch and ward over the action of the whites in Africa, and accusing the transgressors before the forum of the world's public opinion, will not only provide Africa with some measure of protection, but will also provide a field for co-operation for West Indian and American. It would seem too that a great deal can be done in the field of journalism to create better co-operation and to engender a better understanding between these sections of our peoples. Both "The Crisis" and "The Negro World," on account of their novelties, appeal to the West Indian mind, and there is no doubt that by keeping every Negro on the American Covenant daily informed of the most important events affecting his race much more can be NOTICE THE UNIVERSAL STEAM LAUNDRY After undergoing strenuous repairs has been reopened. We are now in a much better position to serve you. Therefore we call upon our former customers and well-wishers to leave orders, to call for your wet wash or finished Laundry at 62 West 142d Street or at the booth in Liberty Hall, and we will assure you PROMPT SERVICE IN RETURN So do not forget to let us do your washing because all our work is done by experienced hands REMEMBER THIS IS YOUR LAUNDRY Therefore it can only remain open through your individual support. Thanking for your past patronage and hoping you will continue to do your bit towards the UNIVERSAL STEAM LAUNDRY OUR MOTTO—"EFFICIENCY AND SERVICE" UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF THE DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND INDUSTRY FILONE HABLER 2817 CHRISTMAS PRESENTS. 1921 You can have no better Christmas gift for your friends than records of the U. N. I. A. Let Marcus Garvey Speak in your home on Christmas Day and have the Universal Anthem played. AS A NEW YEAR AND CHRISTMAS GIFT Sand for the 1922 Calendar Beautifully Illustrated accomplished. The Associated Negro Press can well extend its operations to the West Indies, and a journal like The Crisis, but more international in its outlook, will be able to work wonders. To summarise then, it is the humble opinion of the writer from an acquaintance of the West Indies and America that owing to the differences of conditions under which the West Indian and American Negroes have been developing, and their consequent diversity of interests aspirations and outlooks, complete unity is too Utopian to enter the realms of serious race politics. Though complete unity may appear to be the cherished ultimate of silent members of the race, to me as a working man greater cooperation in race matters and a better understanding, appear to be more easily within the bounds of accomplishment. And the principal means by which these very desirable objects may be brought about I have briefly attempted to indicate in this short essay Second Prize) By HAMILTON O PICKERING This is indeed a problem of great moment, the solution of which a pregnant with inconceivable blessings and unlimited possibilities to the parties involved. The chief issue of the host attitude of the people toward each other is due to my way of thinking to the unforgiveness of the former, caused through the lack of a broader education of the latter together with their blind acceptance of the attitude told upon the party of the host part by the yellow press. Again there is a growing consciousness among the American Negroes of the assumption superiority over the West Indian Negroes, which they no doubt want to press in no unknown terms whatever and wherever a dispute arises among them. Right they should be superior in learning literature in music art and mental and scientific achievements since Fate of Providence has placed them irrespective of the attribution inflicted upon them in contact with the greatest and most progressive civilization yet known to mankind but in spite of the almost unlimited free educational facilities at their disposal, we find their supposed inferior their leaders further when we look for the achievements from this presumed superior part of our race resultant or commensurate with their assumed attitude plus their educational advantages over the West Indian Negroes, we find more assumption than SEND MOT. BEAUTIFUL TO Puttlyy Dove to rear own saiffation that crentive DILANDON to apparection, Ive. dads and the ordinary Diamond Ters and smon po told the organization to a liftime. I want to wait for free. I was not for sts. By right, sail you will restate my each fathomably merried in GOLD the Lies Red 22 Year Guarantee. When ring arries drive No. 1 Leadier Willing Style the Gold & Rings 11.10.20 Gert's Henry Belmer (1st Gold & Rings 11.11) (Koch ring comes in a bandermen's line) I Leadier I Proof Ie pinn�all Wear the Bandermen's Gone you see well, If you re-veer friends can tell the dife soon all you can't do to help the ring I is your own. I'll look for a Few year to be made! GOLD R. BICHIMINE TO 335 Health Placior 42 West 142nd Street After undergoing strenuous repairs in a much better position to serve former customers and well-wisher wet wash or finished Laundry at 62 in Liberty Hall, and we will assure PROMPT SERVICE So do not forget to let us do your done by expert REMEMBER THIS IS fact, more theorists than practicalists. Therefore I assume the only method by which these groups can be amalgamated is: first, by the founding of a Universal African School, whose executive staff should embrace these two nationalities especially second, this board of directors should be chosen from the rank and file of the U. N. L.A. sponsored and, if necessary, educated by said organization and financially assisted and instructed in the system of compilation of the various textbooks from which our posterity must be taught if we desire true freedom, third the history taught in this Universal African school should cover and include the important activities of our people in the western world prior and since our emancipation plus those of our mother country, fourth in order to achieve our desire I would suggest that a staff or corps of international African teachers or educators be secured or formed, the American element of which should be exchanged between the West Indies and those of staff or corps of the West Indies should be dispersed among our people throughout the Union, with the provision that after the problem has been solved the exchange of teachers be curtailed. These suggestions, I hold, will bring the various groups together enlling them to study each other in their respective homes, thereby enabling them to perceive the true situations environments and atmosphere surrounding our people which will bring about the change or unification desired. The idea of cementing the Negro peoples of the West Indies and these of America is a noble one and deserves serious attention, although complex in its nature. Yet the task is not an impossible one but it will require tact and carefully mapped out course of action planned by men and women who are acquainted with the peculiarities of both people. That there is a misunderstanding one cannot deny its existence and the American Negro, in a way is responsible for its inception. When his brother of the West Indian islands came to live among him, he was made the object of ridicule and mimery on account of his peculiarities, which the West Indian brothers looked upon as humiliating, especially as he soon discovered that his American brother was not accorded a better treatment from the Caucasian than he. DO NO MONEY IN SOLITAIRE BLUE WHITE COBOTTE Gems absolutely match continuing Holiday season and Use the money all given to the Society. Not your name, address,品 of flag and of paper fitting and to and around finger holes. Guilds rings shown above. White PLATINUM Guilds and bearing on Guild- tion amount shown below with pertaining N.A. Leder Carved Picture Flattened Lily Bld. and Vervet lined (Ara) Claw. Make this Add to your name and yourself will be permitted to return rings and yourself will be permitted to without any further payment. (NO Excelsions YOUR NAME ADDRESS AND SIZE TODAY. Street, Dept. 67, CHICAGO, ILLINOIS TICE UNVERSAL LAUNDRY NEW YORK CITY has been reopened. We are now you. Therefore we call upon our e to leave orders, to call for your 2 West 142d Street or at the booth e you CE IN RETURN washing because all our work is blended hands IS YOUR LAUNDRY nor was he superior intellectually, physically or otherwise. This unfriendliness has been the foundation of an estrangement that has kept the two peoples from true friendship and real amalgamation; but, as I said, the task I not an impossible one, although it is a difficult one. The means I believe that will help to overcome this estrangement are the following: (1) Realization of both West Indian and American Negroes in America, in acknowledgment of the fact that they are "black," and therefore their interests are common, and that the other races consider them as such and care "nothing" about their birthplace. (2) Periodical visits by Americans to the various West Indian islands to learn the ways and habits of the West Indian at home. This will create a feeling of sympathy, and thus cement the bonds of friendship. (3) Exchange of teachers, preachers and lecturers, etc. portraying Negro greatness and Negro progress. One of the reasons why the English have such influence over the West Indians is a lack of outside knowledge from members of their own race, save that which the Caucasians give for their own purposes. (4) Commercial intercourse — the importing and exporting of materials put up by black people here and in the West Indies. (5) Cessation of mimicry on the part of both people. No people can live ACHES AND PAINS— SLOAN'S GETS 'EM! ACHES AND PAINS— SLOAN'S GETS 'EM! VOID the misery of racking pain. Have a bottle of Sloan's Liniment handy and apply when you first feel the rheo or pain. It quickly causes the pain and sends a feeling of warmth through the aching part. 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ROBBINS Pharmacist 839 Leland Avenue Mean, Fifth Street and West Fork and which will be in Murray Road and Prairie person New Year. We are always ready to serve you. We are always ready to together in peace which one has to remind the other of its inefficiency. There must be a feeling of love, sympathy, and a racial ambition to prepaire the modern exigencies of a great people. Further these by sending men and women of both countries among the people of America and the West Indies and we will be surprised to see the result. 1850 Prominent Secret Society MK of Jacksonville, Florida, writes: "McNEIL'S MAGIC REMEDY cured me of MEMATISM I helpfully recommend it for BLOOD DISEASES and RHEUMA- TISM." By mail $1.25 for a large bottle. Manufactured and guaranteed by McNEIL DRUG COMPANY, Ia. Jacksonville, Fla. MANY SICK RECOVER HEALTH BY WEARING RADIO-ACTIVE PADS The hope of science has been fulfilled—the radium treatment is now open to all who suffer from chronic aliments. 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Be sure to bring your prescription to the filled because your existence is out. Thank you. MAG-RHU IN TABLETS STOPS STOMACH TROUBLE Welcome Delegate in Their Mildst from Second International Convention Nov. 14, 1921. On Sunday, November 4, Liberty Hall of the New Castle branch was again a spectacle of a mammoth meeting by an enthusiastic mass of members of the U. N. L. A. When the worthy delegate to the convention, Mr. C. H. Bryant, who had returned, paid us an official visit, bringing to us the good news of the grand U. N. L. A. and A. C. L., is so dear to royal Negroes everywhere on God's earth. Our meeting was called to order in the usual style. Hymn, "From Greenland's Ice Mountain," was sung, followed with the reading of No. 24, with prayer. The first item was a welcome address to the delegate on behalf of New Castle branch, name was read by the recording secretary and handed to him, after which the president, Mr. J. S. Stenor, in his introductory address, said: "Worthy delegate, Mr. Chairman, officers an members, we are come to Liberty Hall today to get new ideas, new hope and new courage. Therefore, we will not take up much of his valuable time." The choir then sang "Ring the Bells of Heaven," when Mr C. H. Bryant was called on to address us, and in an ardent and eloquent manner interrupted his hearers to a finish, and at his close everyone got to realize more that they were on the road to success. Bister M. E. Ernestt sang a solo. "Will You Meet Me in Liberia," which goes with a swing. After the president's closing comments there were sign of unity, peace and concord. The National Anthem was sung and the benediction pronounced. L W. SENIOR. President THOMAS E. G. SMITH. Recording Secretary READ WHAT OTHER8 DAY READ WHAT OTHERS SAY MME. CURRIE SWORN BEFORE NOTARY PUBLIC City and State of New York. County of Kings, so: Madame Curdora Burrie, being duly sworn, deposes and says. That I read at $33 Atlantic Ave. in the Borough of Brooklyn, City and State of New York, at which place I carry on the business of a hair-dresser, distributing my hair preparations, many of which I have patented in Washington, throughout New York and other surrounding States. I further say that the testimonials that appear in the various newspapers of the State of New York of the benefits derived from my preparations as given by the various customers throughout the length and breadth of this city and other surrounding States, have not been solicited by me, but that they have been actuated by their own desire will to which they fall within themselves married publicity. I make this affidavit to show that any testimonial that has appeared or may appear in any newspaper, periodical or magazine, is made without my solicitation, request or coercion but has been made by the parties themselves, being prompted by the wonderful results they have received from its use. (Signed) Isadora Currie, Pres. and owner of the Mime. Isadora Currie Tar Hairgrowing Preparations. Sworn to before me this 24th day of May, 1921. Philip J. Jones, Notary Public. MME. CURRIE'D GROWER ASTONISHES DRUGGIST, WHITE. At 6:58 Vanderbilt Avenue, Brooklyn, there is a deglbright, owned by J. A. VanDenz, Jr., a white man. A few weeks ago, a colored woman came into the store. She was a very comely-looking person. A mags of jet-black curls, done in the latest fashion, cuddled on top of her well-shaped head. Impressed, the druggist, a man who had been bald for years, asked the woman, who turned out to be Mme. Isadora Currie, the finest beauty culturist, of 825 Atlanta Avenue, whether she knew of a hair product she would recommend. "I thought I'd give it a trial." Mr. Van Denz ended, after Mme. Currie had made a couple of jars of her hair Grow- er for him. "I used it constantly for two weeks and found after two or three treatments that the hair began to grow rapidly in the spots where I was held." When Anna Gurle saw the drugstreet again she did not know him. She saw another shock of rebellious hair on the top of his head—proving once and for all that her Tar Hair Grower is not haunted in the prejudice of color or race—Adult. PAN-AFRICAN CONGRESS ADOPTED A RESOLUTION TO INVITE MARCUS GARVEY TO NEXT SESSION TO EXPLAIN AIMS AND OBJECTS OF THE U.N.I.A. DID YOU KNOW THAT? The Truth That Du Bois and His Hirelings Did Not Tell EXTRACT FROM A FRENCH MAGAZINE PUBLISHED IN PARIS, FRANCE, UNDER THE CAPTION OF "EUROPE AND COLONIES" THE PAN-AFRICAN CONGRESS; ITS REAL PROGRAM; ITS RESULTS; INJUSTICE AND CONFUSION It would require several volumes to outline thoroughly the true spirit, object and methods of the Pan-African Congress. This book I may try to write some time in the future, however, let us review here its most important features in the interest of the public which follows our movement with such an intense anxiety. The object of the Pan-African Congress is simple and natural, and may be outlined as follows: To bring about by means essentially peaceful through our cooperation with other races more advanced and within the legal limits of our respective nationalities the material and intellectual improvement, as well as the moral elevation of our race in its entirety. The dominant trait of this congress is its international character, or rather the elimination among us of the question of nationality. We have no flag, all of us being black we want to practice towards each other the principle of solidarity, irrespective of all considerations of a political or religious nature. This solidarity, which will manifest itself under various forms according to circumstances and means, is one of the most important elements of our program morally, therefore respect for and co-operation with other races, pacifism and internationalism are the fundamental principles of the movement called Pan-Black. This particular plan indicates that this movement does not indorse exclusion for any reason. This last consideration rules our conduct towards Marcus (harvey). I have never met Mr. Garvey, and I will confess that it is even very recently that I have read the first article concerning him in "La France," which article was published by Mr. Henry Laurien, commissary general of marine, retired. But what I do know about Mr. Garvey—and, of course, everybody knows it—that he is a black man; therefore I contend that Mr. Garvey, as well as the thousands or millions who surround him, cannot be kept outside of a movement which calls itself Pan-Black. It seems, moreover, that Mr. Garvey is a man of action, of determination, and that he loves his race. He is the president and founder of the Black Star Lina, a steamship company financed and managed by Negroes. He is also a journalist and owns The Negro World, which he founded. It is said that he is a great admirer of France for her broadness of views along questions of an ethnical nature. Furthermore he fights with violence (may be a little bit too much) the injustice which is meted out to his poor race in America. The black race, victim of so much injustice, always struggling, cannot and must not practice injustice within its own ranks. But it seems that Mr. Du Bols, secretary general for life of the Pan-African Congress, is a champion of justice, only outside of his own country. At home in America there is no place but for him alone within his race, for he also wants to be regarded as a leader. This explains Mr. Du Bols' antagonistic disposition toward Marcus Garvey. It is simply a question of personal competition between the two, but as for us blacks of other countries we do not care to take sides in the petty local quarrels which exist between Garvey and Du Bols. According to authoritative information Mr. Garvey is not the first black man in America attacked by Mr. Du Bols. He fought Booker Washington, the great educator of his race, whom the entire world admired. Mr. Du Bols fought Mr. R. R. Moton, a black man and successor of Booker Washington at Tukeess. He fought Mr. Emmett Scott, a colored man and secretary treasurer of Howard University. Today he is fighting Marcus Garvey, a black man. By these facts one is naturally led to conclude that he fights all or any black man of America who dares to place himself into pro-eminence by leading any movement in the interest of his race. He does not tolerate competition. While at the congress in Paris I asked Mr. Du Bols the following question: "Have you any documents, books, papers, letters of any kind to justify the accusations which you have presented to this congress against your brother (and countryman). Marcus Garvey?" "No," said he. "I do not know Mr. Garvey's program except by what I have read in the newspaper." And Mr. M. Diagne and Candane. And then Mr. Du Bois tried to mislead us that M. M. Diagne and Candane supported him. Without proof they accused Mr. Garvey. They called him agitator, and said that he wanted all the Negroes to go back to Africa. According to Mr. Diagne and Candane the Garvey slogan of "Africa for the African" means that all Negroes must go back to Africa. No sound-minded person will admit that this slogan, if at all invented by Marcus Garvey, means to say that all Negroes, wherever they may be, must strap their trunks, take a ship, and with their wives and children rush to the African Canaan, the land of milk and honey. This interpretation is too ridiculous to be attributed to a man of Mr. Garvey's intelligence and culture. By these words, "Africa for the African," Mr. Garvey desires to say that independence or economic power must be created in Africa, so mba, syndicating African States or powers, must be governed in the future by Europeans. This is the only local meaning that anyone of good faith will attribute to the Garvey slogan, the meaning of which is somewhat identical to the slogan of the Monroe Doctrine. The most surprising of it is that after all the Pan-African Congress of France introduced in the final resolution, which was written in 1830 with Marcus Garvey M. Burghardt Du Bole (Translation.) up by a committee of six members, including Mr Diagne, Candace and Dr Du Bois. Herewith is the resolution "The Congress of Paris demands the division of Africa in two or three great powers with equal privileges socially and otherly for all citizens back white or otherwise if it is no possible the foundation of a few African States. No, anyone tells us where is the difference between Garvey's theory and the theory of the makers of the above resolution in Paris? For our part we do not see any. It is still the same slogan "Africa for the Africans" diluted in synonymous phrases. Indeed, can anyone see to the profit of which African dynasty, the foundation of African powers, is sought? What is demanded is not the colonization of more territories but the foundation of new African powers. It goes without saying that it is not intended for the white man to rule these African powers. So after having denounced Marcus Garvey the Pan-African Congress demands in a significant way the removal of the white European element from African territories so as to create two or three great African states. What Marous Garvey, the American agitator, is blamed for, this congress boldly declared itself in favor of, and adopted a resolution putting itself squarely on record as favoring Africa for the Africans. I submitted a resolution which was rushed after having been refused by Mr. Diagna. In this resolution I requested that Marcus Garvey, having been charged without proof be heard by the congress, which may ask him to do away with whatever is considered dangerous in his policy. I intimated that it will be infamous on our part in the eyes of humanity to exclude a black man as Marcus Garvey from such a movement just because his ideas are different from ours. Our very democratic president of the Pan-African Congress refused at first to introduce the resolution, and was about to close the meeting when I protested energetically. Then the resolution was read, but was read in such a way that half of the congress could not understand the wording of it, and the hour being late and everybody anxious to depart, no one knows whether the resolution was passed or not, although the Petit Parisien said that it was. Mr Du Bois and the Labor Party Bald headed, mustache in arrows, shining eyes. Mr. Du Bois gives the impression of being a very intelligent than; his speech is concise, he seems to be quite composed, he is very caustic, and Mr. Candace knows it at his expense. In Mr Du Bois's speech of September 4 we remember two fragments. Mr. Du Bois said that the black leaders are easier to the capitalist class than they are to the working class. Mr. Candace took exception to that statement, declaring that it was not so. To save a conflict another translation of Mr. Du Bois's speech was made to suit Mr. Candace and the matter ended there. Mr. Du Bois said also in the same speech that he was not with the capitalists, that he was with the people, and so much so that he went to the Socialist Party while in London. Mr Du Bole accuses Marous Gavaroy of being a communist, then he turns around and tells us that he went to the Labor Party in London. Is Mr Du Bole ignorant of the relationship of the Labor Party with Moscow? If he is not, then what is the difference between him and Marous Gavaroy? Any- Keep the System Clean. Minimize the options that undermine your health—use your vitality—ob you of your ambition, pleasures and deals — waken your constitution and leave you worn out and broken down. If you are nervous, run down, consti- tue the side or back, rheumatism, goo- rphilia, you need a NATURE REK- GIO to purify your blood, increase your tone you up, and improve your health. SEND-NO MONEY Send cash your name and address and the amount you need. That will do you need good. Handles things by your aid. Tricks today- NO MONEY! Markham Herb Agency 818. 877. 8222, chicago, illinois THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 Diane Two-Edged Award SOMETHING NEW The U. N. I. A. Dramatic Club WILL PRESENT THE GREAT RACE DRAMA “TALLABOO” THE PLAY THAT TEACHES RACE IDEALS CAST OF 30 CHARACTERS SPECIAL COSTUMES — SCENERY — MUSIC See This Play, Which Will Interpret the Ideals of This Great Association Midnight Show at Lafayette Theatre—Date Will Be Announced Later how what right had Mr Du Bois to represent and speak for three hundred million Negroes at the Labor Party? When I asked Mr Du Bois this question I want to relate how he answered it. Mr Du Bois being a diplomat, to answer my question called me into a back room while another delegate to the congress was speaking on the plat form, and there he introduced me to the delegates of the Labor Party to the Pan African Congress. He was Mr Anglo, a white English man who speaks English fluently, and who tried to show me that his party is the Labor Party, but nothing in common with the Third International or Mr. Lenin. I asked this gentleman one question. How is it that Mr. Mloyd George before signing his commercial treaty with Basle the Botolls shank parliamentary in London has to establish an alliance with the Labor Party? Does not it indicate that your party is a favor of common reasons in the Soviet Union? As for that treaty, it is true and the date of the Labor Party with common reasons is 1917. This confession from him is enough for me. I know that our congress will not look this matter. It is where Mr. Du Bois belonged to and whose date he took back and care to go to Moscow every way of London. To help stirring hues, it is right that the human to make allusions with London Trotzky, a Toil collecting is potted and of the worst kind. Waste of Time It is hardly necessary for me to say that I have no personal feelings against any member of the Congress, but what I speak there and what I write here is in behalf of our rule and justice. Those who have accused Marcus Garvey have not done anything else than to ratify or our resolutions and strengthen by their actions the theories attributed to Marcus Garvey. While they cannot prove that Marcus Garvey was a Bolshevik or ever had any connection with Lenin, they themselves confessed that they want to the Labor Party in London. Some Pan-African amm. Then also before closing the Congress they requested the creation of independent African powers—just what Marcus Garvey is clamoring for. It seems to us that Mr Du Bois wants to lead us into a fight between individuals for the kingship of eventual African empires. If the African continent must some day be divided into independent powers, this revolution must not take place at the expense of the backs or by war between Nacks. To fight millions of black men in the person of Macus Garvey, to make believe to the American Negroes that we forsake them, and that we are indifferent to their sufferings, would be a crime which I urge my colleagues not to commit. Friends and brothers, let us not be Garveyists or Du Bois but let us be only impartial and intelligent men seeking laborious without violence the evolution of the $500 REWARD IF I FAIL TO GROW HAIR HAIR ROOT HAIR GROWER on.ire \egro race Resolution (Presented by Mr. Alandre) The Pan African Congress in July assembled meeting on Monday September 6, 1922, considering that the royalty and identity of the members to their respective countries cannot be questioned. Considering that the idea of all back now going to Africa is important to the cause and dangerous. Considering that there could not be an African movement in the same world if an American or Liberian government of the black race was to be a leader. Considering that the policies of Marxist society are not perfectly known to the more of the race throughout the world. Considering that the government of the black race is not perfectly known to the more of the race throughout the world. $500 REWARD IF I HAIR ROOT, A ROYAL CHEMICAL CO. JAMAICA, N. Y. SOMETHING NEW I. I. A. Drama NT THE GREAT RA plain his program and enable this Congress to adopt a just attitude towards him. ALGANDRE Attorney at Law, Paris. MEXIA THE LAND OF 21,000 BARREL TURBERS Free ownership map of Mexia, Texas. Great land from Cortezana to Kuna, showing producing wells, drilling wells and aquifers, and a world of other data. Also information on Mexia on Ste- mberg Park and Discovery Well. 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PROVISIONAL PRESIDENT OF AFRICA STIRRED WASHINGTON WITH HIS ELOQUENCE AND LOGIC SUBJECT: "AFRICA, FOR THE NEGRO PEOPLES OF THE WORLD"—NEGRO TO CARVE OUT HIS OWN DESTINY FOUR HUNDRED MILLION SHOULD LIVE TOGETHER OR DIE TOGETHER FOR FREEDOM expect these people to go out and build up their civilization as the Pilgrim. Pa. has come hundreds of years ago, felled the tree, cleared the forest, cared the land, built powerful cities, used a powerful nation and then for us to espouse them to say All right. Negro, you come and take everything you see. You can be president, everything you are not going to get that from the white man. He is not so generous it is not such a Christian. And if we are going to give disapproval, He is not going to give with a religious he cares the Christianity he cares not going to give it to. And if we are in the common language, he cares. This is a white man (country). He means that the strong man is strong (country). In certain parts of the world is not so favorable as to enable us to make demands and back them up with what is necessary. What is my advice therefore? My advice is to concentrate your force your energy, your ability on that point where you have the advantage. Where have we the advantage? In America I say no. In Great Britain I say no. Where, then, have we the advantage? We have the advantage in Africa (Applause). As white men outnumber Negroes in America ten to one so do Negroes outnumber white men in Africa ten to one. No why make all your time being only one hoping to fight ten men, when you can turn the trick and get all your want (Applause). because they realize that men and different from all other men have their ment, their racial affinity selfish to others who association of that affinity (Applause) question of racial cause Japan to stand mislying for a free Asia control of an often no will take my advice to gether as you are found in the world over, yourselves a great people divided up among nation a national entity. We Britannia we may stint national alire we are sure you no fou will save with without being tempted Now we find that we are living without a national sentiment, without a national hope, because in all the countries of our homeland we find that when it comes to the final analysis of things the people we establish those flags, who establish those governments under which we live speak out loudly, that叫ally, that such a country is our country. As for instance, in America I am heard it said "This is a white man a country." In France I have heard In Canada I have heard the same thing and so on through the world. In my travels in my contact, finding New People living here and there with those who happen to have established the government, to have established the flag—they did not seem to take into consideration as a part of our government, as a part of their national life. They look upon them as people there only on sufferance, and because of that the Negro gets no protection anywhere. In my contact in my travels coming up with my people there and everywhere, I have not took a country yet where the Negro is any protection, that is to say, any protection comparable with the protection given to others within the same countries—to those who father the country who claim the country as their own. As for instance, in America you will tell me the Negro gets the protection, the privileges, the rights that the white American gets. You can't me as As of America so of Great Britain of France, of everywhere, when you come in contact with the Negro at any point in this world, he does not get the protection that others entitle to the flags under which they entitle. The result is that great thought adhere to be appreciated and those of us understand the situation closely. In America, not only in the West India in Ho Chi Minh and Central America in Europe and other parts have come to the conclusion that something should be done. What we say there should be a kindling of national sentiment among these latter people quite independent from the accidental national life they live. the idea of the and themselves—America first Britain or in France. There comes then the idea of nationhood for the Negro separate and distinct from that nationhood that the idea and which or conventience he is told is part of and for conventience and told that it is a white man a country. We of the international Negro Improvement Association from our close study of the Negro place among the nations, have come to the conclusion that the Negro should have a nation separate and distinct from the accidental nations under which he lives. Whether it be American or British or whether it be French, it is only a matter of accident, we believe. But besides that accidental national affiliation he should have an independent national affiliation. (Applauses). To drive home more closely what I want to emphasize: We have in this country German-Americans, French-Americans, Anglo-Americans, Spanish-Americans. These people are here only by accident. The German-American is an American only by ```markdown ``` me be ants he goes some fledged goes home to english A clio no more we were some we were Mie the world a and we think At all times, word is we write word (Applause). It is so strong that one drop cannot claim African nationality. The whole world Af- rican, and Applause. To me it is the world in the world that times where it is nation- ality. If you were to give me the choice of nationality, I would say first and all is time. I take me African nationality (Applause). If you were to ask the white American to give him a nationality surely he will say, My nationality is that of an American. If you ask the Englishman to take a nationality surely he will say, My nationality is that of an Englishman and he feels proud of their nationality. Take the Jew, and when it comes down to it, whatsoever you do to him, whatsoever you say to him, he will beat his chee- and say "Yes, I am a Jew." Beat the German, call him a Hun, any other name you care and he will stand up and say "Yes, I am a German." But everybody wants to get away from being a Negro. What is the matter with it? What is the matter? We have come to the turning point of civilization There is no getting away from it. Humanity has reached the crossroads of time, and race and nation is travel- ing in its own direction. Negroes, do not believe that you can continue to travel with the other races of the world, because they are not counting on travel- ing with you, except for you to carry their baggage. (Applause). If you think that the Chinese is taking you into account, if you think that the Japanese is taking you into account, if you think that the Anglo-Boxon is taking you into account, if you think that the white American is taking you into account, you are making a tremendous mistake. That is the mistake we have made so much in the past, and apparently so many of us are inclined to continue making. When white men speak, Negroes believe they mean whatsoever they say. That is the trouble now. Some of us claim. Well, we are citizens here and citizens there and the constitution is ours. Why when certain people were making the constitution they never remembered Negroes at all. When the fathers of British liberty were writing the consti- tution of freedom, when they wrest- ed from the hand of King John the Magna Charta, they never had Negroes thought they never had Negroes in mind. When the fathers of American independence were giving their consti- tution to the world, they never had us in mind. It is only by accident we find ourselves living under these respective constitutions. And the white people know it. There is this one thing I want to settle in your mind: there is no man in the world that is going to give to the other fellow that which he has worked for—on easy terms. It is not human. That is to say, if the one man builds his house, builds his beautiful home, furnishes it with the best of everything, the best of equipment, it is unreasonable for you to expect that he is going to get out of his home and let you come in and live for nothing. That is not human. That might be angelic, but we will have to wait until we get to heaven to see that. (Laughter.) You don't mean to tell me there is one man in this hall tonight who would go out and toll and toll and toll by the sweat of his brow and build up a beautiful mansion and furnish it, have a beautiful Italian garden, pictures and everything inside, the home well decorated, and then go out and say: "There is a fine home I built; go and live there; I don't want it." Which of you will do that? Which of you? None of you. And that is what we expect the world to do for us. We THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 expect these people to go out and build up their civilization as the Pilgrim. He has came hundreds of years ago, felled the last tree, secured the forest, cared the land, built powerful cities, built a powerful nation and then for us to escape them to say. All right. Negro, you come and like everything you see. You can be a resident—everything you are not going to get that from the white man. He is not so generous as he is not so a Christian. And if we are asking you will be disappointed. He is not going to give to you. With all the religion he produces, the Christianity he values is not going to give it to A. I am with in the common language, he says. Thus is a white man country. He means that the white man aid the foundation that the white man built up the foundation and the white man is not going to give what he has suffered and died for to his degree, setting it where that he has come from (Appause). That is the union of all white people of the country, that is the attitude of all people who have died themselves from a primitive state. The argument is if I go out of work if I go out and for a while I will have to build it is useless why should not the other fellow go out and do the same if he wins a house as good as mine (Appause). And those of us who believe that we can be parts of the white civilization and get equality make a big mistake. You will never get it between now and heaven. You will never get it except something extraordinary happens to these white folks and they die overnight. The only time you will see a Negro President of the United States or America is if something happens and all the white folks happen to go on a long vacation and remain too long away and the Presidential election is on so long as white folks remain here you will look at the White House and have to pass to I am dissatisfied. Disgruntled I am dissatisfied at being a citizen or a subject of any country where I cannot enjoy full privileges and full human rights. (Appause). And the first thing I do is to study the possibilities of my getting my rights. Now it is a foolish man who knocks up against terrible odds. If a man finds himself as one unit, and around him there are ten or fifteen men who are just waiting for him to attempt to interfere with their rights or what they call their rights, that one man would be a cool to attempt to fight with those men. And since he knows that he could never get possession of what those ten men have unless he whips those ten men, don't you see it would be waunting time? And that is the relative position of Negroes in certain parts of the world. We are hopelessly outnumbered. And when it comes to certain rights, you cannot get them because behind the demand there must be something else. Whenever one class demands anything it must be prepared to back up that demand. Our position BIG EMANU CELEBRATE AT LIBERTY NEW YORK 120 West 11th MONDAY JANUARY SPEAK HON. MARCUS Provisional Presid HON. J. W. H. EASO Admission: RHEUM If you are troubled with Rheum in Joints and Muscles, try Joyz be surprised how it helps. No more Scratches, Lumbago, all the gone! Don't delay! Why suffer wonderful remedy at once! Spy by mail upon receipt of one de address plainly. HON. MARCUS GARVEY, Provisional President of Africa HON. J. W. H. EASON, American Leade Admission: 50 CENTS RHEUMATISM If you are troubled with Rheumatism, Pains and Stiffness in Joints and Muscles, try Joyzone Capsules at once. You'll be surprised how it helps No more stiff, aching joints, no more Scratches, Lumbago, all the Rheumatism, Neuralgic Pains gone! Don't delay! Why suffer any longer? Send for this wonderful remedy at once! Special offer: 42 capsules sent by mail upon receipt of one dollar. Write your name and address plainly! CHEMIST SAKSON Box 47, Hamilton Grange Station NEW YORK CITY --- in certain parts of the world is not so favorable as to enable us to make demands and back them up with what is necessary. What is my advice therefore? My advice is to concentrate your force your energy, your ability on that point where you have the advantage Where have we we the advantage* In America* I say no. In Great Britain* I say no. Where, then, have we the advantage* We have the advantage in Africa* (Applause) As white men outnumber Negroes in America ten to one so do Negroes outnumber white men in Africa ten to one. Why were all your time being only one hoping to fight ten men, when you can turn the trick and get all you want* (Applause) The strong man is strong everywhere. I trust you understand what I want to bring out. A strong man is strong everywhere. A weak man is weak anywhere. What are we today? We are a race of weaklings. And why? Because we are not organized, because we will not utilise the power we have at our command. Because of the division among Negroes they are weak and if they are weak in one place they are weak everywhere because of that division. But if Negroes become strong as I have said, a strong man is strong everywhere. Why not get strong, therefore, at a place where you can be strong and be strong everywhere afterwards? The point I want to make is this. They crush and oppress us in these parts of the world because we are hopelessly outnumbered. We are hopelessly outnumbered and therefore we are weak and because there is no organization to bring us together to make us numerically strong we are weak and we reflect our weakness the world over. I say "Get strong over you can transfer part of the strength over you." A strong man is strong anywhere Jack Johnson whipped the white man wherever they took him. he was the same strong man. Now if American or West Indian Negroes will concentrate upon the building up of Africa and make it strong, a strong African republic will make you strong in America, even though you are thousands of miles away (Applause). There was a time when the Japanese at home was weak. He was a weak man in Japan and, therefore, he was weak everywhere. The Japanese concentrated upon the building up of Japan, and now that it has become a strong nation the Japanese is strong anywhere, whether in America or Japan touch him and you will how strong he is. (Applause) I repeat the world is getting into divisions—divisions of races and divisions of nations. We are four hundred millions in this great human family and we cannot ignore the signs of the times. What is the idea of Japan standing up so boldly and unpromptingly for her rights in Asia? Is it simply because they don't appreciate the rights of other men? No. It is CICIPATION ORATION AT Y HALL NYORK 38th Street NIGHT Y 2, 1922 KERS US GARVEY, President of Africa N, American Leade 50 CENTS MATISM Rheumatism, Pains and Stiffness one capsules at once. You'll more stiff, aching joints, no Rheumatism, Neuralgic Pains or any longer? Send for this special offer: 42 capsules sent dollar. Write your name and --- THE STAR HAIR GROWER A Wonderful Hair Dressing and Grower. 1,000 AGENTS WANTED. Good Money Made We want agents in every city and village to sell THE STAR HAIR GROWER. There is a wonderful preparation. Can be used with or without straightening irons and by any person. One 25 pence box proves its value. Any person that will use a 250 box will be convinced. No matter what has failed to grow your hair, just give THE STAR HAIR GROWER a trial and be convinced. Send 250 for full size box. If you wish to become an agent for this wonderful preparation. send 81.00 and we will send you a full supply that you can begin work with at once also agent's terms. Send all money by money order to THE STAR HAIR CROWER MF'R. P. O. Box 812, Greensboro, N. O. THE UNIVERSAL NEGRO ALMANAC FOR 1922 THE UNIVERSAL NEGRO ALMANAC FOR 1922 Will Be Ready for Circulation in the United States, Central America and the West Indies Before Christmas This second issue is a new departure, a twelve-page compilation and is a compendium of useful information, current and historic. It will contain feature portraits of the late great Negro scholar and diplomat, Dr. E. W. Blyden, late Ambassador Court of St. James for Liberia, and Bishop Gardner of Liberia. There will be portraits each month of the officials. Order early. Agents take notice. because they realize they are yellow men and different from other men, and all other men have their racial attachment, their racial affinity that they are selfish to others who are not of that association, of that affiliation of that kinship. (Applause) It is only a question of racial preservation that causes Japan to stand up uncompromisingly for a free Asia, free from the control of any alien race. And if it will take my advice you will get together as you are four hundred millions the world over, and make of yourselves a great people, not great divided up among nations but great as a national entity. We may sing Hale Britannia we may sing the many national airs we are taught, but I tell you no flag will save you when the crisis comes but the flag that you yourself have founded and established (Applause.) We of the Universal Negro Improvement Association who are made up of different nationalities, some of us American, some British, some French, although we respect the Stars and Stripes of America, although we are loyal to the Stars and Stripes, although we respect the Union Jack of Great Britain, although we are loyal to the Union Jack of Great Britain, we are also loyal to the Red, Black and Green of Africa. (Loud applause.) Show me the race or the nation without a flag, and I will show you a race of people without any pride. Aye! In song and mimicry they have said Every race has a flag but the coon. How true? How true! How true! Aye! But that was said of us four years ago. They can't say it now because those of us who are members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association love the flag of Africa so much that if any man dares to insult the Red, Black and Green of Africa we will be willing to shed the last drop of our blood—(applause)—even as the Anglo-American and the Anglo-Baxon would shed the last drop of their blood if anyone dishonored the Stars and Stripes or the Union Jack of Great Britain. Men let me tell you that the hour has come for you to decide. Decide what your future will be. Some of us pay no attention to the future. Some of us live only in the present. A voice that lives only in the present is a race that will never rise to be anything in the world. Races and nations have risen to greatness by the generations of the present always planning and thinking for the generations of the future. And, if you need to rise to be a great people, we must start it now in this generation planning for the future generations of our own race. (Applause.) Some of our people say we are crazy; that we desire the freedom of Africa an impossibility. Why is it impossible? Man said so a hundred and forty years ago that the freedom of America from Great Britain was an impossibility, but George Washington made the impossible possible. (Applause.) And I come to Washington at no time without going to Mont. Vernon to pay homage to the greatest man who ever trod the soil of America. Every time I Vigor of Youth In A New Discovery Vigor of Youth In A New Discovery Science Produses a Vitaliser Superior to Famous Gland Treatment—Might Power of a Dark Spray Africa Have you lost your youth, vigor and "bop!" joins life like dull and work a grind? You have lost your vitaliser superior even so, the much disgusted "goat gland" and "monkey gland" treatment. The most ingredient is an extract from the bark of an African tree. It is said to be the most amazing invigorator of the other tonic and vitalizing elements of proved merit. 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What a Woman of 43 Ought to Know! hope to Washington I go to Mr. Veronica for my message to American's greatest admirer, and I any if it was possible for George Washington by the power to free the colonies and plant the States and Sirius where the United States stood, we also by our awards and otherwise can plant the Red, Black and Green in Africa. George Washington was not a god, not a divinity. He was just a man. Sarah and blood like every one of you in here. What George Washington did for America your Majesty must do for Africa, otherwise you must die. (Applause.) white man, this full-grown man gets a sword and buckles it on, and gets a gun and silges it over his shoulder, gets some powder and silges it around his waist. And the yellow baby, the full-grown yellow man boots at him and says, "I will get some too." And he gets his gun, silges it over his shoulder, he gets his sword and buckles it on, and also his powder be buckles around his waist. And the two men stand up and look each other in the face. Now, what is happening? This black football baby who came into the world at the same time, knowing that those other babies come without all those things, before the foolish black baby goes and gets his gun and silges it over his shoulder, and his sword and buckles it on he is standing up looking at them. What are they up to? They are up to killing somebody. Is it not so? It is as plain as daylight. They are out to do some harm. Now if the white man is equipped with his gun and sword and powder, and the yellow man is equipped with his, they are not going to kill each other. They would be silly to start shooting. They are out to kill somebody else, and it is the fellow that was too ignorant to buckle on his sword the same time they did. (Applause.) Negroes, if you take my advice, I may to you. "Get what the other people have. For God's sake, get it, get it quick, get it anyhow." (Applause.) If they disarm, disarm; if they arm, you arm, because all of us came from the same source. And that is why I am determined Africa shall play a similar part in the world as Europe and Asia. If I live for one hour longer, if I live for fifty years longer, if I live for one hundred years more, my one fight in the world shall be for a free and redeemed Africa. (Applause.) Now, do not call me a militarist, a warrior—I am just what the other fellow in. Understand that. If he is a Christian, I am a Christian; if he is a Christian, also I am just what he is, because I am satisfied to go anywhere he goes. (Applause.) I am not one of those Negroes who believe that the white man should take the world and give me Jesus. I am not one of those crazy Negroes who believe that. Jesus does not belong exclusively to the black man, to the white man—He is for all of us, whether white, yellow or black. So any man who thinks he is going to get all of Jesus, to the exclusion of every other man, is making a big mistake. Jesus is for everybody; therefore, I do not want all of Him. I only want my portion, my part of Jesus, and let the other fellow get his. But even as I am determined that he should get his portion and I mine, I want my portion of the world, or I shall die for it. (Applause.) That old-time stuff of subservience of the Negro going down on his knees, supplicating and begging, you have to cut that cut. The first thing to decide is whether you are men. Are you man? If you are men, live like men, and it is preferable to die rather than live less than man. I believe with Patrick Henry "I care not what others may say, as for me give me liberty give me death." (Applause.) Africa is the rising star among the nations of the world. To me Africa in another fifty years, in another one hundred years will be the leader of civilization. (Applause.) And why do I say so? Because the Negro who is the African has had an experience, an education never possessed by any other race of the world. We have had an education of five hundred years that ought to teach us how to live, how to govern, how to rule. No race has surfered such as this race of cura. By our suffering we are able to appreciate the sufferings of others, and thereby when we get into power we will be able to mote out justice and mercy because of what we ourselves felt when we were suffering. I cannot see how Negroes can be satisfied to have other people lead them when no other people TH. NEWGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 bear, what did they do? They fugged Him, they pierced His side, they handed Him as he tried to climb the heights of Calvary. And there again Africa came to His rescue in the person of Simeon the Cyrresian (applause), who took up the cross and bore it up the heights. There again the charity, the love, the mercy of Africa exemplifies itself, and I believe in another twenty-five years the wise one will be telling us Simeon the Cyrresian was a white man, but we are going to tell them later on the truth of history, because we are going to write our own history. We are going to give to the world our own revised version of the Bible, so that all that these counterfeiters have put in the Bible about colored men, black men, Negroes being treated to be beware of wood and drawers of water, we will cut out. (Applause.) We are living in a new farm in the new civilization, and it is for the New Negro to draw out his own fame, his own destiny and send it down the ages to succeeding generations. As for me and mine, we shall work, work, work in this generation that our children, succeeding generals of Negroes, shall see on the broad squares of Africa, on the avenues of Africa, monuments—monuments of loyalty, monuments of chivalry, monuments of patriotism, testifying to the valor and the deeds achieved by Negroes of the twentieth century, to hand down to posterity an empire upon which the sun will never set. (Applause.) As I pay my periodic visit to Washington, the capital city of America, I go to Mount Vernon to pay my homage to the greatest American hero, George Washington, so do I hope your children and mine in days to come in Africa will, whenever they visit the national capital of Africa, go two or three miles out and pay homage to some Negro Napoleon who will have freed and redeemed Africa. (Applause.) And where is that Napoleon? I see him in Washington tonight, even as I see him everywhere among Negroes wherever I have been. Who is to tell that some one of you will not be the Napoleon to take down from the walls the banner of the Red, the Black and the Green and say to 400,000,000 Negroes, "Follow me" (Applause.) Men, let me emphasise again: What other men have done you must do or you must die. (Applause.) Can you do it? The answer is echoed from all over the world, from 400,000,000 Negroes: "We can do it; we shall." (Applause.) We did it in France, we did it in Flanders; we did it in Mesopotamia; we shall do it again on the battle plains of Africa. (Applause). There can be no peace without an inclusion in that peace of the liberty and freedom of 400,000,000 Negroes the world over. I do not care who talks about peace. I do not care how many about peace. There can be no peace until 400,000,000 Negroes are free. (Applause.) We mean it; we mean it with our manhood, with the last drop of our blood. (Applause.) We are sick and tired of this old-time thing now. This bynching and burning and all kinds of things the world over. We are scald and tired of it, and we cry out to heaven that we are tired. We are tired, we are tired, and therefore we seek liberty and must have liberty. (Applause.) I have but one life to give. A man dies but once. I have one life to give. A man dies once. I have but one life to give. The other day I could have given in Flanders and France for a class of people who should have been punished for their iniquities. I would have died in France and Flanders for the Belgian, that Belgian Hunt" who measured my brother, my sister, my mother, my father in the Congo not very long ago; cut off their hands, cut off their feet, cut off their ears, maimed them because they did not produce enough rubber to satisfy the Belgian Trust. They did that to my people in Africa not many years ago, and just seven years ago I was called out to fight for them. But, thank God, I did not get there. I did not there. I believe God is with this race as He is with all races. Just at the time when I was to be called up the Kaiser said "Stay there. I am going to throw up my hands." And that saved me from an untimely death. And since I was near to death for something not mina I mean to die for something good when the time comes. We came near death. didn't we? All of you Negro folks you colored folks. We came near death the other day, dying for nothing. Now, since you were saved and you must die again, take my advice and die next time for something good, something dear to your hearts. The Negro has started out to think for himself, and some of us believe we should not talk so openly. What are you hiding? What are you hiding? You continue, to hide and everybody will believe you are not here. Talk out. Now is the time to talk out. And you know why I am talking so loudly and so long and so emphatically? Because the Negro is the balance of power in the world today. Nothing can be said, nothing can be determined without the Negro. Thank God for that! You let them go to war tomorrow morning and you will find they can't stop until they ask the Negro's help. They can't do anything in the world without the Negro. He is the balance of power. Europe is watching Asia and Asia is watching Europe and Africa is looking on. And Europe and Asia can settle nothing without the assistance of Africa. And let me tal you this: Africa is going to bargain for something, when Africa is to go on one side or the other. Africa is not telling anybody which side she is on. Africa is considering the matter. And something the first Provisional President of Africa—it may sound amusing to some of us talking about Provisional President of Africa—I may not be the first real President—one of you sitting there may be—but I am going to make it, but as Provisional President it may be both. (Applicant) Africa shall not be paraded out without my knowledge. Africa is your baggage. I'm not that one. These hundred years ago no black man would be colored note or woman. THE MASTER OF KARATE This tutorial that I am personally accustomed to is very useful for the preparation of the site we are using more carefully in growth and breeding, and the half of the great number of people who use her for creating Elmus of L. LEE. I have also the Elmus Valley Grow in my family with me. Elmus Valley Grow is personally associated with the Fryersman who produced the formula by which it is manufactured and can assist in the preparation of the formula of the Elmus Valley Grow for the public—Elmus A. WALLACE Jr. Mount Rush. THIS programmed ready will keep the real date of Dusktail, provide a Laurent GROWTH of LEVEL, Apply once there a week updating into a only thursday. who to be found in the western world. The white man, because of good, good and courage, went down into Africa, shackled our forefathers and brought them across the western into America and the West Indian. They kept us as slaves in the West Indian for 230 years; in America for 240 years. They whipped on, they killed on, they maimed on, they brutalized on for 230 years in America and 220 years in the West Indian. What do they think now? Do they think they are going to get away with all that stuff? (Laughter.) The reaction is coming. The reaction is coming, and when it comes I trust the world will be prepared for it. They lashed my grandparents' back; they lashed my father's back and his grandfather's face. They had better not try it on Carvey now. (Laughter.) They have written beautiful books telling us about the exploits of Napoleon, the exploits of Wellington, the exploits of Garibaldi of Leafayette of Washington. They have given us these books to read and have somewhat gotten us to believe that our inspiration should be taken from the deeds of white man and what inspiration we get should be a further contribution to white men's greatness. They tore up all the books they destroyed all the books whom we could gather inspiration from our own. All that they have done to us they have ensued us from their recurrence and some of us would not take pain to search for them. How many of us know anything of our history in America or the West Indies? We do not even like to bear of slavery, tools that we are. A people without a history will never have a future, because there will be no inspiration. Why did the French fight so tenaciously in the war of 1814-1818 for the purpose of defeating Germany? Because of French history. In the history of France was written that in 1870 the German border overran France, took away from France a bit of land called Alance-Lorraine, leaved a great indemnity on France, which the French could hardly pay. The French historian recorded that in the history of France, and between the lines recorded there every Frenchman and Frenchwoman found inspiration and revenge—inspiration to go forward and reconquer from Germany that which Germany took from France, to wreak revenge upon Prussia for what Prussia did to France in 1870. And as the French went in and out of schools, colleges and universities, he was taught to revenge Germany, to retake Alance-Lorraine, and when the war of 1914 came the Frenchman was gled of the opportunity for revenge. And that is why up to now the Frenchman will not budge one inch for Germany. When the British say, "All right, let us treat them with mercy; when the American say, "Mercy; what does the Frenchman say? "No bury, so marty." Why? Because of Negroes of the world both up your history. (Applause). As for me, I have studied my history well, and I know that I was kept a slave for 10 years. Somebody owes me some wages not yet paid. I have a big bill to collect. Nowhere but in Africa can we collect. And I am bound now to the land of destiny. I am praying that Negroes everywhere will get the inspiration of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and go forward and conquer to the glory of ourselves and of our Motherland. (Applause). There is much for you to do. Understand me well. Some of us expect too much. If I were white I would not be here. I would be among white men, speaking to them, planning for their future. If I were a Jew, I would not be here. I would be among Jews, inspiring them to the restoration of Palestine. If I were an Irishman, I would not be here. I would be among Irishmen, inspiring them about the freedom of Ireland. I am not Irish Jew or white. I am a Negro, talking to you so that you may go out and conquer Africa. That does not mean to say that you must fall out with the other fellow. He is looking out for himself and you must do likewise. You can be friendly with the white man. Do not cures him or abuse him. He has what he is looking for, and he wants more. If you are cray to let him have more, it is your fault. I have no animus against the white man. In all my talk I have been emphatic. Some of you may think I hate white people. I do not hate anybody. I love all humanity, but I love myself a little bit more—(applause)—that is, I love all those who look like me a little more than the others. And now it means this. Just because I love the other fellow must I allow him to take away my coat, take away my pants and leave me nothing.* I do not love to that extent. And note of you love to that extent. The world does not love to that attent. Therefore, not because I think well of the white man and care for him and appreciate him and love him, am I going to let him rob me, because he is not going to let me rob him. If I attempt to rob the white man he be me in jail. If you think it is not so go outside and attempt to hold up some white man. Then why should' be rob you? You attempt to go to Europe and say, "I am to be the future President of France, Mr. White Man, therefore, you must get out and let me be President," and they will put you in the asylum. Let anyone of you go to England and say, "I am a British subject, and I want to be the next Premier" into an asylum, you will go. If you can't do that in Europe, why should they do that in Africa? That! what I want to know. We are living in a fifty- 1 fifty world. Half for you and half for me-or, rather, one-third for the white man, one-third for the yellow man and one-third for the black man. The yellow man is going to see that he gets his one-third, and you colored folks better look out for your one-third, and in trying to get that try not to take more. I want Africa. I prefer to be a doorkeeper in the Senate house of Africa, in the Congress house of Africa, than to be anything anywhere else. I believe my ambition is a little more. But if we are to get positions by ability, and I can be only doorkeeper, then we are going to have some Senata. The we will have an opportunity, we will have a chance to demonstrate what is in us. You and I will have the chance in Africa in the good days to come to Chairman of the Senata, to be Speakers of the Congress, to be Secretaries of State, to be Secretaries of the Navy I want to be Minister of the Army God Almighty made you men. You must have ambition. Why should my ambition be only to be a shoeblock or a spittoon cleaner? Oh, what a mifit! Your ambition should take you to the heights of African freedom. And white men are not going to do it for you. Yellow men are not going to do it for you. You must do it for yourselves. And the world is not going to be vexed with you. The world is going to accept you as Friends. So that is my message to you tonight, and I am asking you before I leave this city that you link up with the Universal Negro Improvement Association. Tomorrow night at the John Wesley Church I will speak for the last time. I am a very busy man just at this time. I have to go over all the world, and I can visit one place but once in a lifetime. That is why I say I have been to Washington too often. You should have been organized by now. If I spend all this time on Washington, what time I will have to organize the rest of the four hundred millions of the world? You are wasting my time and other people time. Get together and stay together for God's sake. If we are to achieve anything, it is by sticking together. We of the Universal Negro Improvement Association are working so that when you touch one Negro you touch four hundred millions the world over. (Applause) We are going to make things so hot for some people that when you lynch one Negro, look out somewhere, probably in Africa, you will get what you deserve. We are going to make the taking of human life an expensive pastime later on. But you must first get together We have started, and there is no part of the world that the Universal Negro Improvement Association has not reached. We have done so much in Africa, we have changed the attitude of Africa, the feeling of Africa. All we have to do now is to change the nationality of Africa. Instead of hav- HERB RECIPE BOOK 10c Worth $2 Teaches how to make medicines of all kind Ovr 2:20 Rockes and hot more. Herbalist, Sep. 1. Bammoad, Iad RHEUMATISM Why suffer with rheumatism, lumbago, sour nectar, etc. when you can be loved by using Rheapira's Liquid Antidial. Money refunded for first trial bottle if not satisfactory by mail. It will keep physicians with best results. Try it. You lose nothing and gain your health. Price. $1.00 a bottle for 10 c. 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M. on Sundays ALL WELCOME ing German East Africa and British West Africa and French North Africa, we are just going to have African Africa. And we must have it; and I am talking to you students, too; because some of the men who criticize us are doctors and lawyers. I can't understand whether they read history. They say this cannot be done. What we are trying to do was done by other History teachers that. Some say, "How can you go to Africa when Great Britain is there?" How did Great Britain get empire when Home was there? Once Great Britain was a tautage nation, Britain was enslaved. At that time the Romans used to take the Britons away from Britain and sell them in the slave markets of Rome. White men, the men who lynch and burn us today in the Southern States, were slaves to the Romana. They used to sell them just as they used to sell us sixty years ago in Georgia, in Alabama, in Virginia, and when they were being sold, they had no Empire, no big nation of their own. Rome was then powerful, and at that if you said to a Briton that he would be one day free that he would one day be the master of a great empire, he would laugh you to scorn. Nobody would have believed it. What happens? Britain that was the slave nation to Rome is today called the mistress of the world. Is it not so? History will repeat itself. Let me tell you that. Study that. If Britain was able to free herself and become the mistress of the seas, Africa can free herself from the domination of alien races and become a dispenser of civilization. (Applause.) All that you have to do is organise and keep organized. Pray to God for strength, do not pray to God to do it for you. Pray for strength to help you. Doing for yourselves and God will help you. That is my advice to you, good people of Washington. (Loud and prolonged applause.) IF U DON'T C CONSULT DR. 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Write Mrs. Minnie Merryman Room 1, Odd Pellows Blvd. Memphis Twn., for our proposition today. SEAL ESTATE If you are tired paying rent and have lot or a long term lease, we will provide a long term at low rates of interest for those who wish to prepare in advance to buy or build house. We will interest you. Write or call, D. P. Merryman 110 West 110th St., New York City. TO LET Large, private room for young men. Separate bed, 1948. Nearly furnished. Ground floor. 193 West 184th Street. YOUNG. TO LET Purished room for working people. Thomas Payan. 193 West 184th Street. Nabid:des Nabid:des La institución de este festival se attribuye a los decreto Telesforus, durante el reinado de Antoninus Pitro (161); tomando alguna popularidad en tiempo de operador Commodus (180-192). Cuando Diocletian ascendió al poder (284-305) entras enamoraba a Nicomedia, una multiud de Crí- nos se reunieron en el templo con el objeto de celebra- nidad del Mesias. Diocletian ordenó que se cerraran las puertas y se inmara el templo, pereciendo en el los Cristianos a reggados. Aún no había en aquella época una fecha determinada su celebración; pero los Celtas y Alemanes con- norando la vuelta del círculo solar por doce nochi secutivas, a partir del 25 de Diciembre, y creyendo en esa fecha un cambio se desarrollaba en la Nú- leza, lo atrubuyeron a la aparición del Redentor. Esta tradición pasó en aquellos tiempos remotos de Ateos a los Cristianos; determinando estos útiles principio de tal evolución natural, el dia de la nativida. La humanidad cristiana del presente conmemora con ú otro modo la fecha trascendental de la nativida Mesias, glorioso é inmaculado padre del Cristianism El Cristo, según las sagradas Escrituras, redimió humanidad con las prédicas de su santa doctrina anadas de un espíritu elevado y de un carácter superior remembranza de sus oraciones y hechos práctico ra por los siglos de los siglos en el alma de g aciones en generaciones. La institución de este festival se atribuye a los decretos de Telesforus, durante el reinado de Antoninus Pius (138-161); tomando alguna popularidad en tiempo del Emperador Commodus (180-192). Cuando Diocletian ascendió al poder (284-305) y mientras enamoraba a Nicomedia, una multiud de Cristianos se reunieron en el templo con el objeto de celebrar la natividad del Mesias. Diocletian ordenó que se cerraran las puertas y se quemara el templo, pereciendo en él los Cristianos allí congregados. Aún no habia en aquella época una fecha determinada para su celebración; pero los Celtas y Alemanes conmemorando la vuelta del círculo solar por doce noches consecutivas, a partir del 25 de Diciembre, y creyendo que en esa fecha un cambio se desarrollaba en la Naturaleza, lo atrubuyeron a la aparición del Redentor. Esta tradición pasó en aquellos tiempos remotos de los Ateos a los Cristianos; determinando estos útimos el principio de tal evolución natural, el dia de la natividad. La humanidad cristiana del presente conmemora de uno ú otro modo la fecha trascendental de la natividad del Mesias, glorioso é inmaculado padre del Cristianismo. El Cristo, según las sagradas Escrituras, redimió a la humanidad con las prédicas de su santa doctrina, dimanadas de un espíritu elevado y de un carácter superior. La remembranza de sus oraciones y hechos prácticos, vivirá por los siglos de los siglos en el alma de generaciones en generaciones. "Ya surge el Cristo, el Cristo generoso Que en versos que revelan su gran alma, Al Dios de la Bondad y la Justicia, Pidieras tú, para salvar la raza." Tal parece que en esa fecha inolvidable, una influencia oncebible se apodera del alma humana, para manifestar or. Compasión, Caridad, y otras tantas virtudes hae stros semejantes. Todos hemos experimentado z efecto humano de esta influencia divina. ¡Cuanto regocijo! ¡Cuánta algría! y ¡Cuánta alos! Tal parece que en esa fecha inolvidable, una influencia inconcebible se apodera del alma humana, para manifestar Amor, Compasión, Caridad, y otras tantas virtudes hacia nuestros semejantes. Todos hemos experimentado el feliz efecto humano de esta influencia divina. ¡Cuanto regocijo! ¡Cuánta algría! y ¡Cuántos regalos! — mira el mío, papa! ¡Qué bonito! y el mio! y el mio! y el mio también! . . . y empieza el ruído; ruí úbilo para los pequenos, y bálsamo de satisfacción para mavores. "La Noche Buena se viene; la Noche Buena se va, Y nosotros nos iremos, y no volveremos más." Necio Del Presidente De Costa Rica Felicitando Nuestra Raza Creo que la raza negra tiene abierto un hermo venir su trabajo armónicamente con las otras raza son autoras de la civilización contemporanea, apre hando así los grandes sacrificios y la experiencia as en todos los campos del trabajo humano. No dudo que la raza negra haya sido en pretériti des la dueña y señora del mundo y que entonces ha nzado esplendidas cumbres de cultura y de poder: pe la época actual es una hermana menor de las otra be solicitar y esperar de ellas el debido apoyo y since peración, para que, en un perfecto espiritu dardidad, vuelva a ocupar un lugar de preferencia actividades sociales que luchan por el mejoramiento especie y la mayor suma de felicidad posible. Solo en la union de todas las aspiraciones puede arse ese ideal que persiguen los hombres desde gen, y solo en estrecho abrazo fraternal pueden l intas ramas de la humanidad realizar el enorro ueño de su dicha, que es el que las impulsa a toda ia un fin común. Sean estas palabras mi mensaje de Navidades para raza negra, cuyo éxito y cuya prosperidad me interesa no puedo admitir que el género humano llegue a s z mientras una sola de sus grandes secciones no ha nzado el mismo punto de progreso y bienestar a que can llegado las otras en esta labor febril y eterna en qu nueven y agitan los nobles habitantes de la tierra. y el mio también! . . . y empieza el ruido; ruido de jubilo para los pequenos, y balsamo de satisfacción para los mayores "La Noche Buena se viene; la Noche Buena se va, Y nosotros nos tremos, y no volveremos más." Un Nombre Del Presidente De Costa Rica Felicitando a Nuestra Raza Creo que la raza negra tiene abierto un hermoso porvenir si trabaja armónicamente con las otras razas que son autoras de la civilización contemporanea, aprovechando así los grandes sacrificios y la experiencia de ellas en todos los campos del trabajo humano. No dudo que la raza negra haya sido en pretéritas edades la dueña y señora del mundo y que entonces haya alcanzado esplendidas cumbres de cultura y de poder; pero en la época actual es una hermana menor de las otras, y debe solicitar y esperar de ellas el debido apoyo y sincera cooperación, para que, en un perfecto espiritu de solidaridad, vuelva a ocupar un lugar de preferencia en las actividades sociales que luchan por el mejoramiento de la especie y la mayor suma de felicidad posible. Solo en la union de todas las aspiraciones puede basarse ese ideal que persiguen los hombres desde su origen, y solo en estrecho abrazo fraternal pueden las distintas ramas de la humanidad realizar el enorme ensueño de su dicha, que es el que las impulsa a todas hacia un fin común. Sean estas palabras mi mensaje de Navidades para la raza negra, cuyo éxito y cuya prosperidad me interesan, pues no puedo admitir que el género humano llegue a ser feliz mientras una sola de sus grandes secciones no haya alcanzado el mismo punto de progreso y bienestar a que hayan llegado las otras en esta labor febril y eterna en que se mueven y agitan los nobles habitantes de la tierra. (Firmado) JULIO ACOSTA, Presidente de Costa Rica. QUE ES UNA RAZA? Por el Prof. L. T. Colón Bajo el punto de vista científico, abundantes teorías mayor parte de ellas mal guiadas, han hecho la cuel racial un asunto de tan gran importancia, y ninos a creer que los hechos reales han sido ocultados Bajo el punto de vista científico, abundantes teorías y la mayor parte de ellas mal guiadas, han hecho la cuestión racial un asunto de tan gran importancia, y nos inclinamos a creer que los hechos reales han sido ocultados THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 por razones convencionales, para denigrar y mantener en el olvido a aquellos ramales de la familia humana, cuyas abilitades y actuaciones han sido detenidas forzadamente por aquellos otros ramales de la tan llamada actitud supernatural de aquellos elementos cuyo predomino se ha impuesto sobre las sufridas, con todas las vicisitudes, miserias y despotismos, característicos de todas las edades. Castas, entre la gente de una misma raza. Patriarcados, entre la gente de una misma casta. Superioridad de una raza hacia otra, debido al feudo y a las divinas relaciones entre reyes y Dios. Los particularísimos principios religiosos de los hombres, todo esto ha abierto una compuerta para la eterna lucha; y todavía tenemos que el episodio bíblico de Cain y Abel tiene dividido, por mediación del egoismo y la inmoralidad, a todo el género humano. Una y otra vez la civilización como un oceano, ha levantado el revoloteo de sus tremendas olas, sobre el vasto dominio de la especie humana; y el único bajel que cruza el turbulento lago es "El Espíritu Conquistador" de las razas predominantes, con la sola idea en mente de desvastar y humillar a otros pueblos, cuyo derecho a la vida les fué dado a la misma hora por un mismo Dios, sin ninguna distinción o privilegios privativos de raza determinada. Igualdad de derecho; una justicia; tal fué la hechura del individuo humano, ya sea este blanco, negro, amarillo ó achocolatado. Dios brindó a la Naturaleza su mejor representativo. La Naturaleza recibió un Hombre de manos del Creador. El Gran Artista no usó el color ni ningún otro atributo físico como único objetivo de su admirable concepción. Tomando la obra en su aspecto general, estas cualidades no suman nada, porque la labor ideada por el Artífice fue más allá de la ambición de los predestinados. El color y las demas propiedades fisionómicas caben perfectamente dentro del radio de la estética, y por consiguiente, el medio ambiente y otras alternativas cambian estos atributos a medida de su deseo. La luz y la sombra de un cuadro deben tenerse en consideración, cuando juzgamos la figura de diferentes ángulos de la galeria. Cualquier pintor con mayor 6 menor vitalidad puede ejecutar los mismos brochazos y producir un efecto acertado. Lo que ningún otro artista puede hacer es copiar la inspiración del original, lo cual es una dádiva al autor por la Naturaleza. Dios, pués, hizo al hombre; esa es su obra maestra. Ya sea al borde del Cáucaso, en los laberínticos Balcanes, en la región de la Galia, en toda la vetusta Eufrasia, en las desconocidas selvas del Africa, en el Norte y Sur del Continente Americano, abajo do moran nuestros Antípodas; en Washington ó Alabama, en Cuba ó en Puerto Rico, un hombre se encuentra; y ya sea este blanco ó negro, el es un hombre creado bajo las mismas circunstancias. Este tipo de Natura puede ser blanco, negro,amarillo, rubio, criollo, mulato, indio o híbrido. Ese individuo es un prototipo de la especie general. Ese ejemplar es un miembro del gran Género; miembro del gran Arbol geneológico de la Naturaleza, y sus cualidades fisionómicas, no importa cuán simpáticas o grotescas sean, no importa que pigmento tiña su epidermis. tal tipo es una rama del Gran Arbol, y biológicamente él representa la Matriz, con todo el bagaje etnológico de la misma familia. Este Arbol tiene un gran follaje. Sus ramas se extienden promiscuamente en todas direcciones; consecuentemente, la clorofila de las hojas varia de acuerdo con la disposición geográfica y topográfica de las diferentes partes del universo. Las hojas pueden cambiar, pero ellas son parte integrante y constituyentes del mismo árbol. Así es el hombre; blanco, negro o amarillo, él es un miembro perteneciente al mismo tronco. ORIENTAL Corriendo van por la vega A las puertas de Granada Hasta cuarenta gomeles Y el capitán que los manda Al entrar en la ciudad, Parando su yegua blanca, Le dijo este a una mujer Que entre sus brazos llorab. —Enjuga el llanto, cristiana, No me atormentes asi, Que tengo yo, mi sultana, Un nuevo Edén para tu Tengo un palacio en Granada, Tengo jardines y flores, Tengo una fuente dorada Con más de cien surtidores. Y en la vega del Genil Tengo parda fortaleza, Que será reina entre mil Cuando encierre tu belleza. Y sobre toda una orilla Extiendo mi seforio; Ni en Cordoba ni en Sevilla Hay un parque como el mio Alli la altiva palmera Y el encendido granado, Junto a la frondosa higuera Cubren el valle y collado. Y co Para Resp Sim Mis V A m Que Valo Ea Y m Dijo En b Que Y m Por Allí el robusto nogal, Allí el nópalo amarillo, Allí el sombrio moral Crecen al pie del castillo. Y olmos tengo en mi alameda Que hasta el cielo se levantan, Y en redes de plata y seda Tengo pájaros que cantan. Y tú mi sultana eres; Que desiertos mis salones, Está mi harén sin mujeres, Mis oidos sin canciones. Yo te dare terciopelos Y perfumes orientales, De Grecia te traeré velos, Y de Cachemura chales. Y te dare blancas plumas Para que adornes tu frente, Más blancas que las espumas De nuestros mares de Oriente; Y perlas para el cabello, Y baños para el calor, Y collares para el cuello, Para los labios . . . ¡amor!— ;Qué me valen tus riquezas Respondiole la cristiana, Si me quitas a mi padre, Mis amigos y mis damas? Vuélvene, vuélveme, moro, A mi padre y a mi patria, Que me torres de León Valen más que tu Granada. Escuchóla en paz el moro, Y manoseando su barba, Dijo, como quien medita, En la mejilla una lágrima: —Si tus castillos mejores Que nuestros jardines son, Y son más bellas tus flores, Por ser tuyas, en León, Y tú diste tus amores A alguno de tus guerreros, Hurri del Edén, no florés, Vete con tus caballeros. Y dándola su caballo Y la mitad de su guardia, El capitán de los moros Volvio en silencio la espalda. "CANTO A AMERICA" Admirable deidad! Noble señora! Dónde comienza tu immortal grandeza? Tu ingente cuna, por quién fué mecida? al levantar tu divinal cabeza, mostrando al mundo tu ignorada vida? Quén fué tu creador? Dios? Lo sabemos, mas ignoramos tu ascendiente humano, como pueblo fecundo. que al estrechar del europeo la mano, hallo para su gloria un nuevo mundo, y en cada natural, un nuevo hermano. Dónde nació tu estirpe? Quién fecunda a través de los siglos tu grandeza, y de saber y podero circunda tu noble frente y tu imperial cabeza? Cómo naciste tu? Cuáles edades pasadas con los siglos a torrentes nos dan antecedentes de tu origen e imensas potestades? ¿Cómo naciste tu? Le basta al hombre pensar y comprender que tu grandeza, tu innensa tradición y noble historia se han perdido en el tiempo y la memoria con los pueblos, ciudadas, monumentos, obeliscos, piranidos y tumbas, con los templos y symbolos sagrados a los distintos dioses levantados, al comoverse el eje de la tierra, verter las aguas y surgir los mares, separando el Imperio del Oriente, por hondo abismo, impenetrable arcano, para hacer que la Reina de Occidente ligara su existencia al oceano? No me importa saber si del Egipto o la India Oriental es tu ascendencia . . . Le plugo a Dios surgieras de los mares, nimbada por divinos resplandores, adornada de ceibas y palmeras, de cedros aromorosos y de flores. Tapizado tu suelo de esmeralda, fuera una verde alfombra tu campiña, que copian las corrientes de rios cristalinos, imponentes, como el inmenso oceano, a donde desembocan aflientes, cual si Dios los guiara por su mano Los siglos contemplaron tu belleza, bajo la inmensa boveda del cielo, acrecentando tu immortal grandeza, llenando de riquezas el subsuelo. La superficie, de eternal verdura, los lagos de esplendor resplandeciente, las selvas de suavisimos ramajes, de arboledas los montes intrincados, y para completar tal armonia inmensa variedad de aves canoras, que dan a todas horas conciertos de admirable melodia. Tus rios, como arterias de cristales, nacen de manantiales, cuya extensión circunda el continente. Y a veces, de repente, precipitan sus aguas a lo alto, dando uno y otro salto. Otro más fuerte en su imperial carrera, su imponente caudal se desespera, y cuando llega el liquido de plata a la empinada cumbre en que se agita. de alli se precipita, desatado en inmensa catarata. El manto de tu ciclo tachonado de estrellas fulgurantes, que alumbran como lamparas colgantes, de gloria y parabienes te han colmado. \ al descender las sombras de la noche sobre la immensa tierra americana, desata Venus su radiaute broche, Marte su ardiente lumbre y en concierto imponente las estrellas parcecen ser más bellas, bajo el zafir radiante de su cumbre. Lucen de la mañana a los resflejos, al despuntar la aurora, los lagos, como limpidos espejos, y una inmensa guirnalda nuestra flora, y cuando rasga su cortina Diana, sobre la cima seniorial del monte, aparece la faz encantadora del Gran Emperador del Horizonte, inundando de luz cada mañana. Todo es hermoso, encantador y bello sobre la tierra en flor; el panorama ensancha sus hechos por segundos, el tibio sol se inflame, el ave afirma su emprendido vuelo, la rama cruge saludando el dia; dobla la palma su rizado encaje, la altiva alondra se remonta al cielo; la tierra virgen, se decora, en tanto tiende sobre su faa el verde manto de radiante esmeralda. El verde mirto y delicadas flores ostentan su matia sobre la falda acoplado en pliegues los colores de que viste la gran Naturalzea, que le da vida a su innortal grandeza. El urte, el cielo, vina saturado de perfume fragante. vuela el polen con ansia fecundante; la Flora uiembla de ardoroso anilte; toman forma los seres, bajo el velo imponente y sagrado del misterio que la reproduccion guarda fecunda; surge toda la vida. Al fin, se inunda de palpitante amor el Hemisferio, y apareces en medio de las ondas, como Venus surgiendo de los mares, coronada de palmas y de flores, ostentando entre rosas y azafares el sefiorial imperio de tus frondas. Tú pareces del cielo transportada a la tierra, por bellos querubines, y tu inmortal belleza, cortojada en carroza de amor, por serafines. Semejante a la Maga del Oriente, saturada de aromas y de encanto, se corona de luz tu altiva frente y-te adornas los brazos y garganta con ambar, esteralda y amaranto, que illuminan tu fas resplandeciente, con los fulgores de tu regio mantel. Como nace la anrota en la amalfiña Llena de claridades diamantina. Y ante cuya belleza soberana La alta humanidad, la frente inclina Y meciendo su cuma nacarada Bajo el radiante Tromo de topacio Que tiene por dominios el capacio Que Dios habita, en la Mansion divina; Surgiste, ti, con majestad de Diosa Noble y fecunda tierra americana! Cuando las naves de Colón, triumfante, Del mar sobre las ondas, Saludaron tus playas y tus frondas; Mientras ardiente y fervoroso sale Un poema de luz, que el pecho encierra De Rodrigo de Triapa Al sentimiento, De ver la noble aspiración colmada, Al exclamar con sim igual aliento, De pie sobre su nave: | Tierra! | Tierra! Ta pudo salutado el Amirante Las nobles carabelas Que ya repllegan sus hinchadas velas A la tripulación, que insosegada, Pugo cambiar la suerte no sofida. A las vieja naciones que dudaron De su ingente visión de gran vidente, Y creyendolo un loco, rehuzaron Prestar apoyo al sofador ardiente. Ya pudo bendecir a sus amigos & donador también en enemigo. Ya pudo bendecir, lleno de gozo A la Nacion que secundo su anhelo, Y la con mas grande amor, más fervoroso, La justicia de Dios, y el mismo cielo, Ya pudo saludar con regocijo El amor fraternal, al noble hijo, Al sol, la luna, al mundo; a las estrellas; A todo cuanto rie, llora o canta A cuanto se levanta Bajo el inmenso azul del firmamento; A cuanto Dios permite al sér humano Comprender o admirar un solo instante; A cuanto el Oceano Lleva con vida en su profunda entrafa Y a la tierra feliz en que naciera El Rey Fernando e Isabel Primera, ¡América fecunda! Tu imponente grandeza se agiganta Cuando la luz de la azulada esfera Baño la faz del noble navegante, Abriendo el mar su impenetrable seno; De los siglos rasgando el denso broche Como rasga la luz, la negra mocha Del cuarzo, y fulgurante Surge entre resplandores el diamante. Tal surgiste a la vida del derecho Por la virtud suprema de la Historia, Rebosando de amor, tu casto pecho En inmanentes nupelas con la gloria, Luego comienzas a escribir tu Historia. Y a revelar al mundo tu grandeza, Tu suave clima, tu secundo suelo, Tus tibias noches y estrellado cielo; Tu fe, tu amor; ya en forma extraordinaria; Tu noble condicion de hospitalaria; Tu bondad sin igual, tu gentileza, Tu hermoso corazon, da amor secundo Rebosante y ardiente; Mientras le brinda al extranjero asilo Y logras que del Nuevo Continente Surja gallarda la armonig del mundo. Por eso aparecliste sonriente Entre palmeras, ceibas y rosales, Inspirando sencillos madrigales Los bucles juguetones da tu frente. Por eso fue, que commovido el cielo Cuando hollaban las naves espaloles Con ardiente avidez las blandas olas Del imponente mar, con rumbo incierto, Dios, con su Gran Poder, jomnipotential Desde su Santo Trono Y con amor (secundo Quiere llenar de gloria al Viejo Mundo] Guia las naves a seguro puerto Muestra a Colón el Nuevo Contigente A través de los mareas, Y corona la frente fulgurante De ingente gloria y de immortal grandeza Del vidente genial; del navegante Que lucha y vence a la naturaleza Rasgando el denso velo que cuelga El radiante Hemisferio, En nombre de la Cruz que nos redime, Y en nombre de los reyes de Castilla, Y con ardiente amor, su sello imprime; El sello de la fe, al nuevo Imperio Que habrá de recorrer de orilla a orilla. El mundo conmovido y agitado Admira a la Nación descendirora, A quién nimba la lice de meva antora Que explende augusta, el inmortal recinto De la Reina Isabel y el Rey Fernando; Mientras cíne orgulloso Carlos Quinto La corona inmortal que da a su gloria El Imperio más vasto conocido En el mar, en la tierra y en la Historia. Después surgió el Derecho Y en seno maternal, fecundo Espaia Veinte naciones en el Continente, Que son veinte estabones que forjara En el auren crisol del sentimiento Con fervoroso ardor y noble allento, Que no decrece, que no sufra mengua, Por el amor, la religión, la lengua; Por el concierto espiritual, ardiente, De perpetuar la lengua de Cervantes; De avivar el recuerdo en la memoria; Mostrando al mundo su radiante gloria Y no dote amenizacion Y en gloria extraordinaria Perpetuar la figura legendaria De la Nación más grande de la Historia Y al presentarse así, mostrar en allento, Su excelsa majestad y su grandeza. Como se muestra el sol en el espacio, Centro fecundo en sideral distancia. Cíldendo la Diadema. De Reina y madre. A quien cupo el honor de lister publico. Que si separa el vivido Cicero. Una la religión y el misto libertas. A quien no inspira cabo. De dominio imperial en manter la libertad. Porque cada Nación susfera. Es más libre, en verdad, cada mantería. Y la excelsa Nación susfera. Es más cierto, en verdad, cada mantería. Una gran poesia: "CANTO A AMERICA." Un gran poeta: JUAN F. RISQUET. Cubano. La opinion general, y la opinion particular de Segundo Kadosh SE SOLICITAN ANUNCIOS EN ESPANOL PARA ESTA PLANA. Y amanita que pasan días de haber solo publicado en nuestro instado solega. Dario de la Maura ima el Canto a América, que he hemos soberado con gran placer obra del inspirado poeta UAN HISRUSET se acentuaba la opinión alrededor de su autor como un gran poeta, cuva bra cada vez que vibra es mas alta, mas dulce más melodiosa. Hemos dado y reloled el bello Canto a América acto que por primera vez repetimos por falta de tempio y por falta de habitato, pues acostumbramos leer versos una sola vez, solo las grandes obras nos han repetir su lectura, como en la musica, sola una gran producción nos hace repetir su auditoria. Y como que es nuestro habitato y forma, ha acontecido a uno poco de hombres que averen una felicidad, hombres de letras y tempos de una de nuestras más altas personalidades lo siguiente de tan hermosano canto "Desde la tacia muchos años no le una tan alta producción poética, tan llena de vida tan intensa, tan emo- triva" (Conteniza el poeta, con una invocación soberana ahora con una puerta inmensa a las ideas, las deja penetrar en su cerebro tomando for- ma, y vida, y a manera que van desarrollandose, uniformadas de los mas bellos ropaes se presentan a nuestra vista, común en angel alado, lleno de amor dulcura y claridades que deslumbran domnan y subyugan Hace pozo tiempo, o del momento autor un poema didactico, soberbio "Las Abejas", cuvo canto no apreni y también lo aprenido de memoria, mi hijo Mario. Después les sugran poema "Las campanas de Paris", canto épico, que me dio la impresión de los más altos canto de este genero, admirma al poeta, bendecía al canto cuva obra sin disputa, en el genero spicó es le más hermoso que hemos producido. "Pero ahora acontece, que el gran poeta bota el record de sufran en el hermoso Canto a America" que es dominador, subynguye, impone "Soy poco imprenable en acajques literarios, parro y tardio en dar sus juicios, pero ante esa obra me declaro vencido. Cuanto el gusto y el arte puedan exigir, viven en la ultima producción del insigne poeta. La América surge de su cerebro tan bella y rica, como surgió de la Naturalza. Risquet, ha escrito su obra, con cunel de oro, sobre el blanco marmol del tiempo. Todas las bellezas se encadenan en tan grande producción, sin decaeer, siempre ascendiendo, como las cascate romanes, del gran arte de Beethoven, ejecutadas por un gran maestro." Si tomas al azar, cualquiera de sus estrofas, ella bastaria para ver en el autor a un gran poeta. Poeta que participa en la nacional, de Plácido, con más cultura que este; de Mendive, en las estrofas tiernas, de Casal, en lo bello, de Heredia, en lo atrevido y valiente, tanto, que cuando invoca, se recuerda al gran bardo autor del Niagara, y cuando describe la catarata hablando de los rios como arterea de cristal, aviva el recuerdo del insigne primer poeta cubano. Cuando pinta -la inmensa poesia es todo un gran cuadro lleno de regios colores v luz- entonces, vemos que participa de Rubén Dario, de A ando Nervo, piadoso y sentimental y de Chocano, bravo, grave, valiente y hermoso. Creo que tenemos un gran poeta en el poeta Rusquet. Si las grandes obras son y tienen que ser producto de un gran autor, el autor de esa gran poesia, es por consaguente, un gran poeta. Hasta allí las manifestaciones del ilustre compatriota que hablaba, llenando a los circunstantes de intensa emoción. Nosotros recogimos su impresión, que es la nuestra, ya en lugar de ser pronunciadas a un grupo de amigos la lanzamos a millares de personas desde EL MUNDO, tan identificados con ellas, que sólo se nos adelantó nuestro compatriotaunas horas entre las que median de la reunión v la publicación de estas linas. Sin embargo, siendo nuestro compatriota Risquet, un gran poeta y un notabilismo escritor, autor de varias libros, poesias, historia, filosofía et cetera, poseyendo además varios idiomas, no puede ser en su país nada; no puede ocucar un puesto en el Congreso para honra de Cuba, ni siquiera desempeñar un cargo visible en que desvolviera su grandes facultades, su poderoso talento. . . La envidia y la maldad asociadas, fuenen más daño, que todas las fuerzas combinadas. Contra ellas debe utilizar algo superior, noble y digno, en esta caso; nadie más autorizado al más capacitado que la gente del mismoumo, los poetas, literatos y periodistas retinidos, al objeto de ormar en cuanto vale el esfuerzo, de un cubano alto exponent de nuestra litera y de nuestra alta mezantha. --- metico dianismo con los reputaciones, elevamos a grandes a los chicos y despues con empongonatos desde lo alto más altan con desdenlo hoy tenemos una grande, nuestro poeta alto literato de los que en tranpo en libra más alto cada vez. Por que no hemos de pensar en mantener la reputación nacional en su intelecto De tal mantra pen años de ese modo actuaremos. Cuando haya que hacer se hara en honor de pueu bien lo meteo INFANTILES otrima Maestro Manaña que es le No mira tu la amiga Narro so la escuela Pondríste el copiano V la sava buena Cabezón labrado Ixora v albanega V a un me pondran Mamaña nueva, Savo de paluilla Medha de estamona. V si hice bueno Traeto la montaña Que me do la lason Mis son cabuila, Y el trope Con bopio de cuigla Que trumpió v este Quando tu la ferna Ironos a misa Votros la glega Dar nos un snarito Mirta la olla Compararemos del Que nide lo sepa Chuchos y garbanzos Dara la merienda V en la tardecita En muestra plazuela Jugare yo al toro. Y tu a las muñecas Con las dos hermanas Juana v Magdalena. Y las dos primillas Marcela v la Tuerta. Y se quere madre Dar las castañetas. Podras tanto de ello Bailar en la puerta. Y al son del adufe Cantará Andreguela; Y yo de papel Haré una librea Teñida de moras, Porque bien pareza, Y una caperuza Con muchas almendras Pondre por penacho Las dos plumas negras Del rabo del gallo Que aculla en la guerra Anaranjeamos Las carnestolendas: Y en la calia larga Pondré una bandera Con dos borlas blancas En sus trenzaderas Y en mi caballito Pondré una cabeza De guadameco. Dos bilos por riendas Y entraré en la calle Hacfendo corbetas. Yo y otros del barrio Que son mas de treinta. Jugaremos cafias Junto a la plazuela. Porque Bartolilla Salga acá v nos vea Bartola la hija De la panadera La que suele darme Lortas con manteca LUIS DE GONGOR PLACIDEZ , Que grato es el sueño! , Que dulce! ; Que rico! , Sentarse a la sombra de algen mamoncillo y, al cabo de un rato, quedarse dormido! , Que buenos es el sueño! , Que bello! ; Que lindo! , Echarse en un banco, cerrar los ojitos v que no moleste el ruido más mínimo! , Que grato es el sueño! , Que blando! ; Que tibio! Tender una hanaca muy cerca de un rio, v alli, suavemente, inverse con ritmo, hasta que Morfeo nos bese, amantismo! ;Qué bello es el suetio! .Que grato! .Qué rico! Pero, ¡ah, que malo quedarse dormido; soñar con bellezas, creerse riquísimo, y al abrir los ojos mirare el bolsillo y no ver en ellos un misero quillo! Sergio ACEBAL SE SOLICITAN ANUNCIOS N ESPAÑOL PARA ESTA LANA. THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 Con ocasión de celebrarse en París el "Gran premio" de las carreiras de la caballos, el teatro de la Opea preció para atarar público, un espectaculo cuvo programa, compuesto de numeros meditos, llamando la atención por su exentridad y atrajo a la tacuila "todo Toño" El período "Los Mayos" conmundo este hecho recuerda los medios de que se valían en otro tiempo para hacer atrayente y productivas estas humildades teatrales. Un anuncio original En tiempo de Luis Tejepe por ejemplo, ponan a los bailarines enormes载ebas de cartón representando los hibriles celebrados de aquel tiempo, y a se servir para parte en los más alegres bailes a los personalidades más misteriosas, grasas de la época. Pero la attraction que tus mas aisla fue la presentada por la Opera en enero de 1845, cuando animó una botónivo precioso una hermosa joyería. Los danzos más gemenilos el oval "Monitor", insistieron los animos. Paras no durante unos días otra preocupación. Pero a la flor entones imuestro del Interior, la caca le parachesosopelosa y llamando a su ginete al director del teatro, le pidió la explicación. Tratabase de un delicioso enadro de la escuela de Grenze. La presupuesto efectivamente bermosisima pero pinta en te! Contra los imberbes La moda de las coras rapidas miniza decatur entre el namba otual de Rumama, pues el teq que usa barba y muy tupida parece que pretende que la gente de su orilla también la lleve Ultimamente uno de los mucobios del gabnete fue a exponer al muro marca un plan de reformas administrativas. Il tró el escucho su interrumpirlo durante largo rato, pero al terminar la exposión y despedirse, dipide S. M — Excelencia: ¿Puedo yo plantaros una cuestion? ¿Por qué es obstinas en ser imberbe? El muestro que no esperaba, o entemente tal pregunta, desencocerdo, no pudo encontrar una respuesta. Se sabe sin embargo, que desde entonces deja crecer su barba y su bigote, y con gusto descaria hacer mismo con sus cabellos, pero oto es impossible pues los ha perdido para seimpre desde hace tiempo, sendo uno de los calvos mas notables del remo. Sobre la vida del Kaiser En un periodo de Berlin, el "Rolando von Berlin", se ha publicado un artículo muy interesante acerca de la vida del Kaiser. In dicho artículo, el cantante de opera, Walter Kirchhoff, describe una visita que hizo al Kaiser en Doom Es la primera persona, después de la familia y del séquito imperial, que ha estado en dicha casa desde la muerte de la Kaiserina. El ex-emperador Guillermo, que vesta un uniforme de general, adornado con la Gran Cruz, la Cruz de Hierro y la de la Order Pour le Merite, recubió al cantante con las siguientes palabras "Es una gran bondad suya, la de visitar a un hombre tan solario." Durante la comida, que fue servida en pequeñas mesas redondas, se hablo, mas que de otra cosa, de asuntos miiltares, y se trate de iniciantes relacionados con la batalla de Jutlanda; pero no se menciono para nada la política Después de la comida, canto Kurchhoff, durante tres horas, con breves intervalos. Está es la primera vez que el Kaiser ha oído música vocal desde 1914. Sigue el tenor diciendo "Cuando enpece a cantar o murmurlos producidos en la obscuridad, por la puerta lateral de la sala, que esta abierta. Alli se encontraban los ventes del Kaiser, criados, doncellas, jornaleros y mensajeros. Se hallaban sumamente satisfechos del incidente y guardaban el mayor silencio, solamente interrupido por la misica, que a veces comentaban con gran alegría "Yo le pedi al Kaser continua Kirchhoff, que me permite cantar en la dirección de aquel auditorio oculto en la sombra, y el empeñador, que hasta entonces habla estado a mi lado, se coloco entre sus sirvientes." El color de la piel El color de la piel humana se ofrece que proviene de agentes fuscos extteriores, entre los cuales se mencionan, la luz, el calor y los alimentos, y se nota que los colores obscuros reinan en la zona tordiría, donde se encuentran todas las graduaciones del negro hasta el moreno, mientras que los claros, desde el moreno al rubio, en las zonas templadas. Esta influencia se nota en la mayor parte de los pueblos africanos que pertenecen, o mejor dicho se derivan del tipo blanco. La acción colorante se extiende además, sobre el color del cabello y de los ojos, los cuales son por lo general negros u obscuros en los países calurosos, y claros o respectivamente rubios y azules en las regiones templadas y frina. --- Fidela la Cantinera Jusno de romantica figura la cantura i los saldados, madre de ellos, consejera, hermana de la caridad, la sido herda gravemente llama cumpla el oleo de la noble aventura, una de las formas mas emocionantes del femmino, ayudar al varon en los trances arduos, ponerle de mantiso en la ocasion en que la muerte paesa la alegría de la victoria, como premio del esfuerzo, condemando el amor de la raza en un vaso de "benascato" Suena la crepación de la fuelle tra, aqué cue un hombre, allo otro Vlo lejos, en las ondulaciones del terreno, vibra la corneta, el pajar de cobre, que canta llamando al s crítica. Muevense las masas de soldadios. Avanzan, doman posi- ciones. Mora suben la cuesta mortal. Después se impanen al encingo en un "cuerpo a cuerpo" Mortos y panales se confunden en la pelea. Las sublines tacticas de los mástros conjunyen en la primi- tra contiene alejandra. Museu lo contra musculo, machito contra guna. Lidela Goméa Caste en trera, y contigo cavernos las botellas que contienen el espiru del impulso. Porque como aba de decor un medicio militar del Ejercito de los Estados Unidos, en el campo de batalla "hay que presmir de la higiene Un frasco de limpo alo hol levanta el alimento y le impulsa a la resistencia". Espartero, en la noche de Luchana, pedía para sus soldados que acampaban en la meve "tabla y aguajardente". Y /zuma la harregruen el gingo de la rebelión tradicionalista, que amo no ha teido quien estudió y susso su prodigiosa figura, decía desde Azpora a sus anuviales "Que venga polvora. No olide el aguardante que es el de los que pediamos. Y Napoleon en las vaspersas de su grandeza, en la manana gloriosa de Lodi, exclamaba ante su avuidante, Berrier. "Un tambour et un vivandiere . . ." Eso bastaja al Corso para lograr la victoria. Fidela Gomez nos uvele al tiempo viejo. La cantura de la guerra de Afrika en el 59 y el 60 vesta el uniforme de su regiment. Disfrutaba de ración y de pret. Parece que el tambor suena con su retemblar magnifico que es al mismo tiempo sonal de victoria y canto tunerario. Quisiera yo que alguien pensara en esa mujer, en la que resurge en noblecida y purificada la imagen de Chispilla la Bolichera; y aun mejor, la memoria de Dorotea la Churra, que acompaína al olvidado general Ricardos, el invasor de Francia. Unas pesetas, una atención de sunpatia . . . Algo que ponga en el animo de la ultima cantina la certae de que sus esfuerzos no han caudo en la indiferencia. La mano revela el carácter de la persona La sociedad para la educación eugénica en Londres recomienda a los que van a casarse que estudien minuciosanemente la mano de su futura ante de contraer el lazo indisoluble No se trata de quorumacina—ha迪弥 al "Daily News" uno de los miembros de dicha sociedad —, pero es ciento que la mano revela el carácter mejor que la palabra. Por ejemplo, aquella que los hombres llaman "una mujer util", posee, casi siempre, una mano que no responde al concepto de la estética manos de ancha palma, dedos maizos y de pulgar muy grueso. La mujer que tiene manos hermosas, con dedos delicados y fines y palma estrema es la mayor parte de las veces, la más conveniente para el hombre que busca una buena ama de casa Hay también las manos regorordetas, adornadas de hoyuelos, que revelan en la mujer que las posee, carácter dulce y afectuoso, pero que no siempre indican disposition para las faenas domésticas. Y las mujeres? A que deben presentar atención cuando se trata de escoger marido? Deben mirar si el pretendiente fuma en pipa o cigarrillos, si sus pantalones estan sucios de barro, como cuenta la moneda que le devuelve; de qué lado lleva inclinado el sombrero, que postura toma cuando esté en reposo De estas observaciones, a joven casadera podría formarse a idea clara, si su pretendiente es pullo o no, cortes o desatentado, energico o cobarde, comedido o agresivo nervioso y tímido o seguro de su mismo Para contraer matrimonio en España se necesitará certificado médico Ha producido incalculable espectación en todo el país y está siendo objeto de discusión en la presan y artículos sociológicos, la información de que el ministro de Gobernación, conde de Coello de Portugal, presentará muy en breve a las Cortes un proyecto de ley por el cual se exigiría como requisito indispensable a todas las personas que deseen contraer matrimonio un certificado médico en que se acredite que gozan de buena salud y se hallan en condiciones filológicas que hacen aconsejable el enlace. MARRUECOS La parte de Marruecos conociada con el nombre de zona espahola, en la cual las tropas espaholas han sufrido recuentemente la perforda de miles de hombres y de la cual han tenido que evacuar miles de kilometros cuadrados, es la región conociada con el nombre el Costa Barbaria En la actual generación, es terrorio se hizo famoso por el cuadillo Muñal Almed er-Raisul, que capturo y detuvo a resate al cuadiano americano Perdicaris, en 1905. Esto pasaba durante la administración Roosevelt y dio lugar a la famosa frase del Secretario de Estado Hav, pidiendo "Perpéricaris vivo" o Raisul muerto" Perdicaris fue puesto en libertad El mundo conoce relativamente poco acerca de Marruecos, apesar de que ha sido el campo de buenas intermientes durante siglos. Ocuparai extremo norte del Africa con unaarea de alrededor de 400 (000) kilómetros cuadrados v una polida con de cono a diez millones de habitantes, cuyos interpazos formaron parte de las primitivas nativas sones, sarracenas y compustron Granada. L país est organizado con una monarquía absoluta, con un Sultan o Califa a su cabeza. La actual ocupeante de ese puesto es Mula-el Mehdi, pero su control de los sheefs o nobles ha sido por mucho tiempo nominal. Varios gobernos européos han estado en negociaciones con los sultanes para pacificar Martuces, pero ha resultado solo en revuelta como la del Rasuil en atención que han trado nuevamente la cuestión ante los gobernantes eutopes. Tres razas habitan Martuces los Berberes o montanes, que computan el Lspan en tres diferente a las, la raza mixta de los Berberes y los Arabes, conocidos como mozos que son por lo general mabonotados, v las colonas de judía de la casa que han been dado el control del comercio del pas. La zona española, donde se desarrolla actualmente la lucha, es una estrecha faja de terreno que se extende en la costa Noroeste a lo largo del Mar Mediterraneo. Thiene una extension al alrededor de 320 kilometros, de Algeria al Oceano Atlántico y penetra al interior 100 kilofectros. Este territorio no comprende sinembargo la punta extrema del Noroeste, donde está la cudad de Lugar. Los francéses controlan nominalmente el territorio que se extende al Súr. Los espahuelos han combatado a los morros por siglos, pero fue solo en 1912 que el bitoral del Norte de Marruecos fue asigado a España, de conformidad con el tratado Franco-Español, firmado ese año. Desde entonces España ha estado dedicada a intentos esporadicos para mantener su autoridad, con resultados varios. Los gobiernos francés y español decidieron en enero 1920 hacer mostraciones militares en sus zonas respectivas con el objeto de preparar el camino al establecimiento de un gobierno estable. La zona francesa fue pronontamente pacificada, pero el territorio español, que estaba bajo la administración del general Dama-o Berenguer no pudió serlo tan facilmente. Las tropas españolas hicieron primer su base en la Arish, conocido también como Larache. De alli penetraron en el interior y capturaron cuarto número de posiciones moras, entre otras la llamada crudad prohibida de Shehawan Enseguida, por algún tiempo se ovoo de sus actividades en el distrito Oeste de Marruecos. Los espanoles mandaron otra expedición al mando del general Silvestre, que estableció su base en Melilla. De este punto las tropas del general Silvestre intentaron penetrar hacia el Sur. Tuvieron al principio exitos, pero en la primera pasada los espanoles se en contraron con la resistencia de tropas natives y tributa hostiles, en número de alrededor de 20,000 hombres, bien armados y provistas de artillería. Las derrotas serias de las tropas españolas se iniciaron a principios de junio, cuando se companías de tropas auxiliares o nativas se amontaron, mataron a sus oficiales españoles y se pasaron a los rebeldes. Desde entonces los españoles han sufrido otros serias revues y han tenido que replegarse a Mélilla. El general Silvestre fue muerto o se suicidó, en circunstancias que pretendía salvar una avanza. Fin esa seccion los moros estaham encabezados por Abd el Krin, caudillo moro de 35 años de edad, educado en Francia y en España. Sus propósitos son, dicese, civilizar Marruecos siguiendo las ideas europeas, pero sin perder la esencia de la cultura marroquí. Fué anteriormente juez de un tribunal de naturales de Melilla y era leal a España, pero durante la Guerra Mundial sus tendencias germanófilas llevaron a los franceses a pedir su interacción, que los espafioles concedieron. Sinembargo, logro escaparse y juro desde entonces vengarse de los espafioles y del general Silvestre en particular. Raisuln no ha figurado en las reclentes lucha. CRONICAS AMERICANAS La profesión del periodista—El multimillonario Cornelina Vanderbilt St usted padrera a escoger librerie mi su profesión, sino estuviera trabajando en lo que esta trabajando como consecuencia de las circunstancias, que trabajo esogera? St usted un investigador científico? St será la quertera hacedo concreto mediante marino, actor? Poxos son lo que son porque as lo descarran, lo son generalmente por que las circunstancias las obligaron a coger sus ramos espéciales de actividad. Muy tres cuentamente los hips siguen las mismas profesiones de los padres. No debe verse en esto, previsamente, una consecuencia de la herencia. El hipo de un sastre v siempre a su padre cortar pano hacer repaso a veces le cavasta y avide la protección la adapita como propaga aprovechando la experiencia pattera. Si con vez de vivir con un padre sastre hulenta viendo con un tinturero muy posible hulera sido tinturero toda la vida. Cuestion de circunstancias. Peto hay cortos casos en que el predisposition especial puede que las circunstancias. A mucha ocurrida eso con el periodismo. Nov periodista. Nov periodista porque se periódista porque se tengo que ser periodista porque me amo a la protección porque siento hostila a protección una musculación me intenta. No me cancaba mi protección por magia otra. How she cancled her protección millones de dolor de espina y en la America el spadón durante después de su tratamiento en el corazón de Navy. No me retiro a mí hogar en los drebbios de la gran pantalla, al lado del arrojo que lame los cementos de mi casa, bajo los abellos, me sento a convencer con toda el mundo de español, me siento tan feliz como puerta hombre匀sentirse Creía que esto era una de debilidad mia, una raza de mujidos nascidas Grata fue mi sorpresa cuando les las recientes declaraciones he las por Cornelius Vanderbilt el mismo soven millionario, miembro de de las mas destigmas famílias de América. Su padre, Cornelius Vanderbilt, tuving mucho en sus aves. Si bien se distinguen en las impresiones nos. Su sabalu o su sabalu buelo tuieron igualmente tamaños. El hoy día de venitres años es un multimillionaire. Siendo ununo inmudo de la fortuna, garo el que lo mejor era dedicarse a gozar de esa fortuna. No por cuatro paces en los 15 estudios Lundes no es honorable no trabajar Vivir, vivir, de las tareas preparas aqu más bien en estigna que un hombre. A losago cultores Navalho tha profesión de su padre de su duño lo has abuelo? No I losiven multilonario centa el desco de su periodista. Pura y simplemente periodista El quería hablarlos a las multitudes desde ese grandio-pulpo moderno, las columnas del diario que son las columnas de la soaked moderna El quería vivir intensamente la vida y hablar con el público acerca de las cosas de la vida. Por sapuito su hubera presentado su tarjeta al editor de cuilquiera de los grandes diarios neoyorquinos, su nombre hubera bastado para que se le aceptara, a los menos en cabaldo de prueba. Pero el no quería presentarse como el multilonario Cornelius Vanderbilt sino como un joven ambolo de ventures primeras Se presento a las oficinas de The Tribune, The World y The Philadelphia Ledger, pero en munguna parte se le acepto. No necesitan nuevo personal. Por fin en el New York Herald, se le dojo que haba una vacuna por una semana y que le tomaría a el por vía de ensaño. Su durante la semana su trabajo era satisfactorio, podria quedar permanente. Su trabajo fue satisfactorio y se le dejo de planta. No haba dado su verdadero nombre. El sueldo que se le asignó fue de treinta dólares por semana, lo cual era para el joven mullonario completeniente satisfactorio. El primer trabajo que se le encomendo al periodista novel fue una entrevista a un potentado africano de Zanzibar, la que el pudo hacer mejor que sus colegas de otros diarios, pues el entrevistado no habla inglés, v. s. francés, idioma que también dominaba Vanderbilt. El nuevo periodista no da buna numa su nombre para obtener sus entrevistas. Nilo hizo aundo entrevistado el Príncipe de Gales. No quería usar de su nombre como de un privilegio especial Cuando en el diario supieron quien era, buho una sorpresa general, pero se la trato siempre lo mismo que a cualquier otro reporter. Se le conociá allí sólo por su número, como a los demás. Otro diario que supue que Vanderbilt estaba en el Herald le ofreció un sueldo de veinticinco mil dólares al afio. Lo querían alli para que escribirla la sección de vida social, y, naturalmente, the periodista de vocación no acentó la oferta. L'gran evoluto del millionario como periodista no ha quedado tan de manifiesto en sus triuntios en el diario que lo ocupa, m en sus artículos de revista, como en el rapido desarrollo de su sindicato individual que ofrece sus artículos simultaneamente a una series de diarios de diversas localidades El diario de Chicago tiene un cortulo de lectores diferentes que el diario de Nueva York y de San Francisco y de Seattle y de Nueva Orleans y de Saint Louis y de Cleveland, etc. Quando un periodo de alcanza gran renombre, sus ar- taculosos son valiosos para todos los diarios de una misma ciudad o de una misma región con un nusmo cervado de lectores no publican el cortulo de lectores. El diario de cortulos de una unidad de otras, con cortulos de lectores diferentes, acepta- El con gueño es articulos que se publa en inmuti onemente en diver- la como las. Hay aquí escritores Túneles como Trails Crane, que publicó en atrocidos en cien y dos pensados diarios a la vez Los ar- teculos de Elasol Llañez de publican aquí son unhánfamente en cuatro- cிறnosos diarios diferentes. Una em prosa de paga al novelista español descend el de y en cada artículo y vindo a los citos artículos a un pre�o de la vía y en este bajo a cuatro cortulos de la vía. Está hace Vander hi. El c�o en uno es ofrecendo sus proposas a los. No lo hace por el diario precisamente, porque túneles abre que paróde descar, pero, como es con la pega y bien su día de un cielo por ese deseo y en el de escorrió de saber que lo le ha lleso inmutiados, de saber que le había a la publica numeroso, de seor a la capital al uníssono del publico intero. --- No compreendo esta soluciónidad del milenario Vanderbilt. No crece pocas de un creto con para este diario su digo a mis lectores que este mismo artículo que esta legendorahora lo conoce simultaneamente en toda la Murcia España y en muchas cantidades de España. Por supuesto fue el diario España solo en un diario de cada región Hay tres millones y medio de lectores que van a horrar un artículo que escribido bajo los árboles al lado de un arturo. Los dedidores de Nuestra York. Los sat en excepción, el diario más importante de la capital de cada país bipropanoamericano y de cada región de España el que me la honrado aceptando mis crónicas semanales. Los grandes diarios de la grande capital que han sabido comprender el valor de la cooperación extenden su circulación por todo el país, de manera que lo que estas escribieron quase se lee en España, en Nuestra en las Islas Filipinas en Nuestro en Ecuador, en Sama Dariana en Guatemala, en todos los países de la misma España. Para un todos son por igual sus objectos. Los cribos cartas con conversas son con cribos. Conversas con tres miliones y medio de amigo bolldelos de las cosas de la vida de los de do lo triste, de lo allegre. Hace presunamente un un que con todo con todo el pullo de la espanola, con todo mis de raza. Que el pullo me con simpatia que demonstró con el hecho de que, pudiendo catalizar diario rechazar alquíquería de los cromas sin darme razas y gulo en un diario en ocasión. La pullo de publicar algunos de mis tulos. Si los editores aongen mis cromas con mal imunidad porque seben que el público las las con agrado. Quero aprovechar este cumpleanos para decir. Gracias, gracias, gracias a todo la tama la hispa, a todo las hermanos de raza. Gracias otro vez. Gracias, gracias. Antes de terminar valgar decir que así como converso con el mudo hispano principalmente acerca de las cosas norteamericanas, converso con los Estados Unidos, por intermedio de numerosos diarios acerca de España y de la América Española. Mi trabajo es un trabajo de interpretación de una America ante la otra América. Es una porción interesante de mi labor presentar en ambos continentes la producción literaria más representativa del Nuevo Mundo y de España. Con interes recubriendo toda valiosa obra literaria o sociológica de España v de qualquier país de la América Española para presentar a mis lectores de ambos hemisferios al pensamiento de sus más preclaros escritores que muchas veces queda, innereamente, encerrado en las fronteras nacionales porque son escasos los medios de intercambio intellectual en el Nuevo Mundo. Iancredo PINOCHET. Unn curiosa Los doses que presidian los meses del año según los romanos eran Juno a Enero, Neptuno a Febrero. Minerva a Marzo, Venus a Abril. Apolo a Mayo, Mercurio a Junio. Jupiter a Julio. Ceres a Agosto, Vulcano a Septiembre, Marte a Octubre, Diana a Nigrombre y Vesta a Dicembre. 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Fa eee | fas aes Mee ee oS PS. er ee Lease oe f So te heed fF vo SN ee | a ee Se ie RS Sree Vickie Site 5 . o Pei oe oS _ , Se cmon it Visite: of vs I eee] Se fie Os seatert Bare, Rg Eee fC UOER eRNaA Naa tasia ‘ ee | Aine ere bars Saas > Se Ce a ee aa : MME BARRIER HOUSTON MI88 AMY JACQUES Private Secretary to Mon Messus Garcor een CS eee eee ses EEE oe . pre ea oe Feige hs ee eer es ee a fas ee ae Lee es a \ f. 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(Ean Asieihin REET [Ee mtn bier ee ee Pree a ee ee ee ee Yj APTS A ea OES REAR SORT RI aaa peae RSAC Pett Si a goer Sige ete ens toe apo en DUNN OY oe ay ce ee ee Ben re Bee es) Dee ee catia eee a | CRN gh feces Sees Nos ee] Ese Ae a aera Cree eg RET eo pm Ny 4 Foe oN tae ea eee Se et ee ee pes Perea ee crea ne ee ee ee eas aa NE gp ee ehh tee ear a i ES ES SAE a arent tm NO A Jamaican Belle Lie LEE PSE Rieti a ANS Ae ee See et RN ace Se os eee [Oe Git eee Ce er eg coer See Sapperihee pea pie. Ne ato eg ee tue Soe \ Sasi & A ee erage 2 sd gh ier etsae Cee semen 7 = Ree tee aes) Pest. & ek PLA ee eee ae Cie Pete cae rene See aT pits Seis Kenny Eee eee oe bs Woe eS kereoses ae a | eee We Nee pease ee Been ty Sere ee Ny peo eee eee ase et Bhi fe es] geri: eve oe ceed Beat See | G Yeas RAGE fees eS yea Bi ere a0 ey a. BS Pee Oy BE apn eh eee | Er FESS rom Td in Se ee) Dye ee Foes, ieee) Ae ee ee / oe ee Se / eee ae org a a ee Ste oe eee Se ee ee ee oy ey SSO alae An American Oelle CENTER FOR GREATNESS OF GARDEN VIRGINIA THROUGH THE UNIVERSAL N.GRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION SIR WILLIAM H. FERRIS Assistant President General U.N.I.A HON. MARCUS GARVEY Informal Commander in Chief of the African Legion Right Hon. WILFORD H. SMITH Counsellor General U.N.I.A His Highness GABRIEL JOHNSON Potentate and Supreme Commissioner of U.N.I.A Right Hon. WILLIAM C. MATTHEWS Assistant Counsellor General U.N.I.A Lady MENRIETTA VINTON DAVIS International Organizer U.N.I.A Right Hon. GABRIEL E. STEWART High Chancellor U.N.I.A His Excellency Hon. J. W. H. EASTON Leader of 15,000,000 American Negroes SIR JOHN E. BRUCE and Duse Mohamed All of International Fame 6 THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 ```markdown ``` ```markdown ``` THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1921 BEST CHRIST SEND HER OR HIM SHARE BLACK S only $5 each. You are wondering what in the world to give you Why don't you act on t IT CHRISTMAS SEND HER OR HIM SHARES OF STOCK IN ACK STA dering what in the world to give your best girl, mother, sis Why don't you act on this suggestion? THE BEST CHRISTMAS PRESENT SEND HER OR HIM SHARES OF STOCK IN THE BLACK STAR LINE The shares are only $5 each. You are wondering what in the world to give your best girl, mother, sister or brother for a Christmas Present, aren't you? Why don't you act on this suggestion? Give your Money a Job in the Black Star Line by Buying as Many Shares as You Can Industrial and Commercial Development Are Success for Any People—The Advantages Making Possibilities of the Black Star Line That You Cannot Afford to Be Without Corporation. The Black Star Line is Capitalized at $10,000,000 and Is Backed in Its Operation by the Full Strength of Its Organization with Millions of Negro Men and Women in All Parts of the World—It Is the Only Negro Corporation Owning, Controlling and Operating Steamships in the Whole World. G AN ECONOMIC FOUNDATION FOR YOURSELF AND VE YOU EVER STOPPED TO TH Industrial and Commercial Development Are the Basis of Success for Any People—The Advantages and Money-Making Possibilities of the Black Star Line Are So Great That You Cannot Afford to Be Without Stock in This Corporation. $10,000,000.00 Capital Stock The line is Capitalized at $10,000,000 and is Operation by the Full Strength of Its Or- Millions of Negro Men and Women in the World—It is the Only Negro Corpora- Controlling and Operating Steamships in world. FUNDATION FOR YOURSELF AND POSTERITY—BUY YOU EVER NEED TO THINK Industrial and Commercial Development Are the Basis of Success for Any People—The Advantages and Money-Making Possibilities of the Black Star Line Are So Great That You Cannot Afford to Be Without Stock in This Corporation. The Black Star Line is Capitalized at $10,000,000 and Is Backed in Its Operation by the Full Strength of Its Organization with Millions of Negro Men and Women in All Parts of the World—It Is the Only Negro Corporation Owning, Controlling and Operating Steamships in the Whole World. BEGIN LAYING AN ECONOMIC FOUNDATION FOR YOURSELF AND POSTERITY-BUY AS MANY SHARES AS YOU CAN TODAY HOW MUCH THE BLACK STAR LINE MEANS TO YOU? purchased? Now! Right Now! our race's strivings to reach a it your unstinted support you your hands? Get those shares Use the coupon. and determine whether you over the seven seas, to all the has stretched forth her hand." "THE BLACK STAR LINE, Inc." 56 West 135th Street, New Y Gentlemen: I hereby subscribe for with as full payment $. The Shares Are $5 Each. Get Yours Now! Right Now! IT represents your strivings, your race's strivings to reach a world that will command respect IT just in that measure you give it your unstinted support you of the achievement? Full measure of support it merits at your hands? Get those shares now, sister. Get 'em right now. Use the coupon. WOMAN, search your own heart and determine whether you Red, Black and Green floating over the seven seas, to all the claiming to the world that "Ethiopia has stretched forth her hand." DO YOU KNOW THAT IT represents your strivings, your race's strivings to reach a place in the maritime world that will command respect DO YOU KNOW THAT just in that measure you give it your unstinted support you contribute to the glory of the achievement? DO YOU GIVE IT the full measure of support it merits at your hands? Get those shares now, brother. Get them now, sister. Get 'em right now. Use the coupon. MR. NEGRO MAN OR WOMAN, search your own heart and determine whether you would like to see the Red, Black and Green floating over the seven seas, to all the breezes that blow, proclaiming to the world that "Ethiopia has stretched forth her hand." ```markdown ``` How Many Shares Have You Purchased? --- AS PRESENT BACK IN AR LINE er, sister or brother for a Christmas Present, aren't you? Vivyses Ross 4 25 24 NEGRO WORLD ART DEPT BUY AS MANY SHARES AS YOU CAN TODAY 7 CXYX CUT THIS OUT AND MAIL IT SUBSCRIPTION BLANK shares of stock at $5.00 per share and forward here-on same. Name Street City State THE NEGRO WORLD. SATURDAY. DECEMBER 17. 1921 VERSAL NEC MENT ASSO BORROWING ,000,0 FROM ITS MEMBERS Building a Nation for Peoples of the World UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION $2,000,000 To Start Building a Nation for the Negro Peoples of the World READ ABOUT IT AND HELP WITH A LOAN ories, Mills, Educational Institu and Farms have to be built in By the UNIVERSAL NEC National Institutions, Churches, That be built in Liberia to help that g RSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT Factories, Mills, Educational Institutions, Churches, Theatres, Railroads, Docks and Farms have to be built in Liberia to help that great Negro country By the UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION ALL NEGROES ARE HELATED BY BLOOD GOLD CROSS OF AFRICAN REDEMPTION THE HOUR FOR UNIVERSAL ACTIVITY AFRICA FOR THE AFRICANS CIVILIZED NEGRO MUST FOUND A GOVERNMENT STRONG COMMERCIAL STATE IN LIBERIA EDUCATE NATIVE TRIBES THE H OVERNMENT ALL NEGRO R LIBERIA GREAT IND GREAT INDUSTRIAL PLANTS AND INSTITUTIONS WRITE to the Universal N OR BONDS Write to the Universal Negro Improvement Association 56 West 135th Street New York N Y U S A P S Your money in the bank used by another man in his own business will not help you but your money in the hands of your own organization and your own race using it in your own interest will help you to become economically independent and nationally to become a better and stronger man. If all the Negroes of the world were to have their money in the banks of other races then those banks would loan their own race that money to build up themselves, and the Negro whose money is used would be just as poorly off as he was before he lodged his money in the bank. Hence let the UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION use what surplus cash you have for the betterment of yourself and for the building up of a nation of your own. In remitting for the Loan send cheques or money orders of possible E FOR A LOAN will subscribe for a loan will for a loan will for a loan SUBSCRIPTION BLANK 1. Use time in receive one subject or each and over. 2. Use the following advantage to submi to the Universal Negro 3. Use the freedom to be introduced to yourself. 4. Use step by step word burning a well-subscribe for a Loan 5. Use step-up program you will subscribe for a Loan. 6. Use the most likely segregation you will subscribe for a Loan. 7. Use the Reg to see the Negro respected you will subscribe for a Loan. 8. Use the best time to see the Negro have a flag of his own you will subscribe 9. Use the most like to see the Negro having a Nation sufficiently strong to pro se the most good of the world you will subscribe for a Loan. 10. Use the best time to see the Negro box or girl with a force you will subscribe 11. Use subscrib to these Loans a well come the standard if the Neg more is very redourly politically and sexually 12. Use the best time to see the Blacks if the well come $0 $10 $100 $100 13. Use the most like to see the Blacks when you are in the form $100 $100 14. Use the most like to see the Blacks when you are in the form $100 $100 15. Use the most like to see the Blacks when you are in the form $100 $100 16 W. 10th St. New York 1 1 1 Dear Fellow Members, I hereby submit to you the standard for the Negotiations. From $100 to $150 With the addition of an extra fee of $100 We will comply with the terms and conditions set forth in the Offer. Thank you for your interest. Dear Fellow Members, I declare unto you that I am a member of the Board of Directors of the Company. I am a member of the Board of Directors of the Company. ```markdown ``` --- 8 ```markdown ``` WHY YOU SHOULD SUBSCRIBE FOR BONDS REASONS WHY YOU SHOULD SUBSCRIBE FOR A LOAN BORROWING ```markdown ``` ALL NEGRO PEOPLE SHOULD UNITE THEIR FORCES GREAT INDUSTRIAL PLANTS AND INSTITUTIONS ```markdown ``` SUB8CRIPTION BLANK