The Negro World

Negro World JUDAS ISCARIOTS WAGE COWARDLY WARFARE AGAINST LEADER OF U.N.I.A. VOL. XI. No. 24 Fellow Men of the Negro Race, Greeting Just at this hour our race stands at the crossroads of destiny. Whether we shall go forward or backward must be decided by us just at this critical time. As every sober-minded, liberty-loving, well-thinking Negro knows, there is but one movement among the Negro peoples of the world today that seriously arrests the attention of mankind, and that movement is the Universal Negro Improvement Association. Men of our own race and others have been playing with the destiny of the Negro for hundreds of years, and especially within the last half a century. The policy of the world in the past has been that of fooling the Negro and the same attempt is now being made to enslave him through his own ignorance. But with the advent of the Universal Negro Improvement Association all Negroes the world over caught the insight into the higher life—that of true liberty, of real democracy, which should be the benefits enjoyed by all mankind. Catching this new hope and inspiration, we have struck out in all parts of the world with the determination that we shall be free. This new attitude has caused alarm. At first everybody thought it was a huge joke for Negroes to talk about freedom democracy, human rights and a free and independent Africa, but the wave of public sentiment has become so sweeping, and men of our race everywhere are making it emphatically known that they shall be men and not mere hirelings, serfs, peons and slaves, arouses the suspicion of those who have always used us as pawns on the chessboard of time. The Fight Is On the arising of this feeling as to the ultimate success of the work of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, plans have been laid everywhere to cause its defeat thereby preventing the Negro from gaining his objective. Many are those who have last plans for the destruction of the Negro, and among them is the Negro himself, that treacherous, time-serving, incompetent, lazy Negro, who has always hearkened to the beck and call of the hereditary master. At this time you find centered around the Universal Negro Improvement Association a combination of men, organizations and colonial governments, all seeking in some way or the other to bring about the downfall of the greatest movement ever started by Negroes for Negroes. But the fight is on to save the Negro race now and forever. It must be clearly understood by Negroes everywhere that this is the last chance within the next five hundred years for the Negro to strike a universal blow for his true emancipation. Emancipation from industrial, commercial, educational, social, religious and political slavery Strike, for the Hour Is Come! The race that allows itself to be defeated during this period of world reorganization is doomed for another five hundred years, and probably doomed for all time. This is the hour, this is the time, this is the day when all peoples through organization must lift themselves up to that higher plane of human achievement, national glory, so that they may not be disturbed by those who may happen to climb the heights before them. As humanity stands at this time, in its many divisions, it means that the weaker groups of the human race must be the servants of the stronger ones, that these weaker groups shall be exploited to the benefit of the stronger ones, that the disorganized groups must be reduced to be the servants of the stronger ones, and I warn Negroes everywhere against this impending danger. Remember, Negroes, you were slaves once because you were weak; if you organize not, you may be slaves again. A Return to Slavery There is only one organization in the world that can save you from a return to the condition out of which we were emancipated in the last century, and that is the Universal Negro Improvement Association, and because others desire to enslave you that is why this universal fight is being made to prevent you from having a free and independent Africa and a truly emancipated race. Any Negro individual or organization that helps to keep you in the position in which you have been for the last half a century is more your enemy than those who have planned your destruction Underground Conspiracies That the Universal Negro Improvement Association is attacked today through me is proof of the great pressure that you have brought to bear upon the evil hearts of the world. To study the combination of forces operating against the Universal Negro Improvement Association is to realize that your organization is fighting greater powers even than the central powera did during the last bloody war. During the last war, when the central powers A Newspaper Devoted Solely to the Interests of the Negro Race NEW YORK, SATURDAY, JANUARY 28, 1922 OTS WAGE COV AGAINST LEAD Like Martin Luther, George Washington and Eamon De Valera, Hon. Marcus Garvey Is a “Rebel,” Willing to Die, if Need Be, for the Vindication of Ethiopia’s Cause RACE PATRIOTS, BEWARE! THE HOUR FOR FREEDOM IS STRUCK! SHALL WE GO BACKWARD OR FORWARD? on the one hand and the allied powers on the other, declared war against each other, the forces of oppression and destruction were visible, and so they were able to fight each other in a military way from the proper knowledge of the strength martialed against them. But this fight of the U. N. I. A. is against seen and unseen forces. It makes it hard and difficult, therefore, for each and every member of the great movement to see and know the enemy. You must therefore be guided, and it is for that reason that I am endeavoring to point out to you the forces lined up against us. We have men of our own race who are being paid, subsidized and encouraged to wage a relentless battle against us, and at the same time to put forward a program that would appear to be similar to the one that is sponsored by the Universal Negro Improvement Association so as to deceive the public mind of our race. We have the strong arm and power of hidden forces that have always enslaved us in race operating against us. But shall they triumph? The former states they shall not, because we of the Universal Negro Improvement Association have accepted the greatest of all leaders as our standard bearer, the leader Jesus Christ, and wheresoever He leads four hundred millions of us shall follow without fear, without stumbling but with bold hearts and Christian courage." Enemies at Work The matter of my arrest last week for the alleged fraudulent use of the mails is but a concoction decided upon by the unseen forces operating against us to find some criminal excuse by which the promoter of the greatest movement among Negroes could be held up to world scorn and ridicule, thereby exposing the movement to contempt. It is a mean, low-down, contemptible method of embarrassing any movement for human uplift. As much as the enemies of Christ crucified Him for a political offense, they did not accuse Him of petty theft because He was above that. As much as the Catholics in the early days hated the reformer, Martin Luther, and curtailed his influence among Christians, they did not resort to the contemptible means of saying that he was a thief. As devout as Robert Emmett was to the cause of Irish freedom, and even though the British desired to discredit him, and remove him out of the way, they took his life for a political offense, and did not hold him up as a common thief. Even though George Washington was a rebel in the sight of the English when he took up the sword for American freedom, they sought his life by which they could crush the cause, but they did not hold him up to the contempt of the world as a fraud and a cheat. As much as David Lloyd George was opposed to the program of Eamon De Valera for the freedom of Ireland, he sought him as a political offender, but not as a common thief, even though he sold liberty bonds for Ireland in the United States of America without any securities behind them. Why, then, resort to such contemptible low-down methods in dealing with Negroes, when Negroes seek the same thing Christ did and Luther, Emmett, Washington and De Valera sought: is it because no one has any respect for the aspirations of the Negro why he must be so meanly and contemptibly thought of? But we shall not so much blame others as we blame ourselves, because in our own ranks we have men who are untrue to us, and naturally it is an encouragement to others who have no respect for us. But the whole world of Negroes know that the program of the Universal Negro Improvement Association is not that of money or exploitation; it is that of fighting for the liberty, the true emancipation of Negroes everywhere. The Price of Freedom That we have no country of our own; that we have no strong government of our own; that we have not yet made our own laws; that Africa is still in the hands of ravishers, we shall patiently await the day when we in this generation, or our children, shall have the privilege of living under our own colors—the Red, the Black and the Green—and then and there we shall be better able to make ourselves understood by a non-appreciative world. PRICE: FIVE CENTS IN GREATER NEW YORK SEVEN CENTS ELSEWHERE IN THE U. S. A. TEN CENTS IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES AWARDLY ER OF U. N. I. A. We must expect all kinds of embarrassments, all kinds of troubles in this our fight for the freedom of our country. No great cause is won without sacrifice, without suffering, without hardships; so that we shall all prepare ourselves as the years go by and as the Universal Negro Improvement Association grows stronger, to meet with oppositions of all kinds. Some of us will have to go to jail, to the electric chair—yes, to be imprisoned for a whole lifetime, so that Africa shall be free. That we do not make the laws, that we do not control governments wheresoever we live, it is impossible for us to give ourselves that protection that will prevent us from being held up to the scorn and ridicule that others would have us suffer. It pains us when those whom we respect are not respected by others because others happen to be in power and we are not. But there was a time when the Roman spurned the Briton, laughed at him, mocked him, imprisoned him, and now the Briton does the same to others. There was a time when the Germans spurned the French, laughed at them, jailed them, and now the French are dealing out the Germans just what they received some years ago. It is all history repeating itself, so that while we suffer today from the scorn and contempt of others, it does not follow that we shall always be in a like position. We feel sure by our own energy and effort the day will come when everyone will feel proud to be an African citizen, and the advantage that others take of us today will be made impossible because of our ability then to protect ourselves. The Sufferings of the Race Let us bear patiently the insults and indignities hurled at us, but let us not forget them. Write them down in the book of time—yes, let the history of the Negro race tell of our sufferings, of our trials and tribulations, so that future generations of our own, in turning these bloody pages in the future, will be able to guild themselves in their contact with all quarters. I am pleased at the splendid spirit demonstrated throughout the world by the members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. The many cable messages you have sent us, also, telegrams, have encouraged and inspired me beyond the expression of words. I ever had an abiding faith in the determination of the New Negro, but now more than ever I feel that there is nothing in the world to turn back the race of today from its march onward toward the freedom of the four hundred millions. Whatsoever be the disappointment, fellowmen of the race, I want you to realize that there shall be nothing in the world to dim our spirit, but that on the contrary we must be put over, the battle must be won. The more we succeed the more will be the organized pressure against us, and whenever the pressure lightens the more you know how strong you are and the nearer comes victory. Please not for one moment lose heart, remember you have pledged yourselves to see this battle through, the battle of the survival of the fittest. We must win and we shall win by our stick-to-itiveness, even though the disloyal, wicked, treacherous men of our own race try to help others to defent us, even though some of our unprincipled newspapermen publish wicked lies against us, yet remember that we have good in our race, more good in our race than bad and the good shall triumph. It is a pity that some of the Negro newspapers of this country are so unscrupulous, so unprincipled as to continue to publish fabricated news against the Universal Negro Improvement Association, but still there are other journals of our race that have sufficient self-respect and regard for the truth not to publish these malicious lies as released by the paid enemies of the race. "Let Us Fight Them Harder" Let the evil ones continue to work out their own destruction, for surely they shall die. As there is a God, as there is a world, as there is a heaven, the Universal Negro Improvement Association shall triumph and the evil ones shall fall, yes, they shall fall like Lucifer never to rise again. Let every member of the Universal Negro Improvement Association throughout the world make up his and her mind to work harder for the success of this great movement. As the evil ones of our race are linked with those newspapers that are unprincipled to fight us, let us fight them harder and prove to the world that the Universal Negro Improvement Association cannot die. So long as the race lives, Africa shall triumph and her sons and daughters everywhere shall be free. I once more appeal to you for your support, morally and financially. Now is the time for you to do everything you can to help the Universal Negro Improvement Association and its auxiliary, the Black Star Line. There is a more to be said and written about the Black Star Line than policy would allow at the present time, but everything shall be made known and made it is done the Negro shall triumph as never before. With very best wishes for your success, I have the pleasure to be Your obedient account. MARCUS GARVEY, President General Universal Negro Insurance Company New York; January 26, 1922. UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION SO STRONG, SO POWERFUL, TAKES COMBINED HIDDEN FORCES OF WORLD TO FIGHT IT, SAYS HON. MARCUS GARVEY, ADDING: " THE COLORS OF THE RED, THE BLACK AND THE GREEN WILL NEVER, NEVER, GO DOWN IN DEFEAT LIBERTY HALL, New York, Sunday evening, Jan. 22, 1922 Before a crowded house here tonight, in which the same old time enthusiasm was displayed by the audience as of yore, ever since the first convention days of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, the Hon. Marcus Garvey said, in the early part of his address "The Universal Negro Improvement Association in its growth has become so strong, has become so powerful, that it takes the combined forces of the world to fight it, and not in the open, but under cover. Only cowards fight in ambush, and we occupy such a position in the world today that nobody can fight us in the open, they have to fight us under cover. But there is one thing I know, the colors of the Red, the Black and the Green shall never, never, never go down in defeat!" This ringing declaration was the use for a great demon- tion of approval by the five thousand persons present, for the statement gave them a clear conception of the wonderful influence of the movement, and that it is of such gigantic proportions that it cannot fail, even though enemies here and enemies there may now, and from time to time, conspire against it. The words just quoted were part of an address on the subject, "The Rise of a Great Movement," and, as on all former occasions, the speaker fully rose to the importance of the occasion, and the timeliness of the subject in connection with the despicable attempt to discredit him and the cause he represents. There is much, I said, to be told concerning the conspiracy, and when it is told I feel sure the Universal Negro Improvement Association will not be the wores off for the tale." Continuing, he said that the enemies of the association would be very much disappointed, because, despite what may happen to him, the movement would continue. "I am believing," he wont on, "that if the time comes for any one or two men of the organization—and I have confidence in this—to be taken and put in jail, or electrocuted, or hanged, this movement is so great, its cause so righteous, that it will raise up others more determined and more able to carry it on and lead the people." I, passing the President-General alluded to the wonderful loyalty to the cause, as demonstrated particularly by the members of the New York local. This, he mid. was superb. "You have demonstrated," he said, "splendid morale that I believe, cannot be duplicated anywhere. You have contributed within the past week more than you have given in any two previous months." And this same remarkable loyalty and devotion to the association, he pointed out, was true of branches "where all over the world." from every section of the globe, where the colors of the Red, the Black and the green fin, they responded at this hour. Loyalty, loyalty loyalty to the death and these messages they accompanied with substantial voluntary contributions of money to help in the fight." The real purpose of the present efforts of the enemies of the U. N. I. A. the speaker said, was temporarily to embarrass him—this in order to kill the movement. "They think that if they can embarrass Marcus Garvey, so that he is gotten out of the way, the movement will die. But in this they will be sorry disappointed, because the Universal Negro Improvement Association is a great wave of loyalty, a great wave of patriotism, a great wave of determination not to die." He assured his hearers that the removing of any one man would not prevent the continuance of the work, and told them that it is for them to raise up men and women worthy enough to carry the work on. He again reiterated his innocence in the matter of the charges made against him that he had attempted to defraud anybody, and added that he did not object going to fall or anywhere if he had done wrong, but that he had always tried to do what is right. But these are times, continued the President-General of the test; it is a crucial period the organization is passing through, and there must be no trembling, weak-kneed men in the ranks. All must be willing to stand up and fight with all the courage and all the vim and confidence one possesses. A reporter of the New York World, Mr. Garvey said, came to him one day last week and said that it was reported that Mr. James Welden Johnson, secretary of the N. A. A. C. P., stated "that Mr. Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association are organized to stir up disturbances between white and black people." That statement, if true, is a wicked idea; commented Mr. Garvey, and the one who made it, knew it to be a lie." That the organization should be enforced in any such effort. attainment; for it is contrary to its principles; the objects and aim of the N. I. N. A. being rather to promote the interests of, the black people everywhere, and certainly to start up differences or ill-feeling between the two races would not be conducive to these objects. the transaction of business in relation to the members of the association and stockholder. MON. MARCUS GARVEY SPEAKS Hon. Marcus Garvey spoke as follows. My subject for tonight is, "The Rise of a Great Movement." Today we are at our strongest point because the battle rages, and out of the conflict will come victory to the one or the other. The Universal Negro Improvement Association in its growth has become so strong, has become so powerful that it takes the combined forces of the world to fight it—and not in the open, but under cover. Only cowards fight in ambush, and we occupy such a position in the world today that nobody can fight us in the open, they have to fight us under cover. But whether they fight us in the open or fight us under cover, there is one thing I know—the colors of the Red, the Black and the Green shall never, never go down in defeat. (Applause.) A Period of Test for the Movement A Period of Test for the Movement This is a period of test, as all great movements have had their period of test. Christianity had its period of test, Mohammedanism had its period of test, and this first great movement among Negroes—I will say spiritual movement, because, indeed, it is—is now having its period of test, and in the test of the work of the Universal Negro Improvement Association surely we are as prepared as the Christian religion was prepared in its test, as Mohammedanism was prepared in its test. This movement and its principles have been scattered so that it cannot die at any point. Since the under-current of organized public opinion we have tried in a small way to test-out the spirit and the strength of the movement throughout the world, and let me say that there is not one corner of the world that has disappointed us: every section of the globe where the colors of the Red, the Black and the Green floats has responded at this hour. The last table I received was one from Puerto Barrios, Central America, saying, "We are with you to the last with blood and money." (Great Applause.) Support Coming From All Parts All over the world we have had response since the news went out that the fight is on; and as I said here last Sunday night, the fight is on not in New York alone, the fight is on throughout the Universe. It is no longer a New York cause, it is a universal movement, and when you attempt to interfere with its progress in any one point you but arouse throughout the world the spirit and determination to fight on to the bitter end. Fought by Our Own Face We are being fought at this moment by men of our own race who have in many ways used powers that they do not possess to somewhat interfere with our success and to environ and embarass us. But let me say: take away government and we crush any organized force in the world. The Negroes in this country who are fighting us and the Negro organizations that are small and petty that are fighting us, let me say: take the government away for one minute and let us go for them and in ten days we will crush them out of existence. They know it and that is why they are hiding behind the government; but the government will find out its mistake as they found it their mistake before and we will be left alone again. They attempted this not for the first time now, but they attempted before to interfere with the success of this organization, and when the government found out the mistake that it was only a question of jealous Negroes fighting the movement and the government withdrew, we swept the country and we will sweep the world again whether Garvey goes to jail or not. The Movement Cannot Die The Movement cannot die Just at this time we have a few organizations and a large number of Negro newspapers lined up against us who have been laying propaganda for months to kill the Universal Negro Improvement Association, but the Universal Negro Improvement Association cannot die (applause); it cannot die. (Honored applause.) They have done everything. You have seen the big headlines about what happened to me. The Chicago Defender had it in big headlines six inches deep in red. They have been sitting up for that kind of propaganda by which they believe they can persuade the members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association to fear themselves Amurder; but as you demonstrated your loyalty in New York so has that loyalty been demonstrated all over the country and all over the world. And why. Because the four years of our existence have been those of preparation for the people. The education that our people got through the features in the various Liberty Halls throughout the country was of such a nature to make them ready for any emergency—ready for any condition; and that is why they cannot in any way THE NEGRO WORLD SATURDAY, JANUARY 28, 1922 Present Move of Enemies Only Another Attempt to Interfere with Success of Great Organization, but Efforts Doomed to Fail REPORT SENT OUT THAT THERE WAS A "RUN" ON THE HEADQUARTERS OFFICES BRANDED AS AND SHOWN TO BE WICKED LIE—CONFIDENCE AND LOYALTY OF MEMBERS SUPERB—DIVISIONS EVERYWHERE SEND MESSAGES OF UNWAVERING FIDELITY AND VOLUNTARY CONTRIBUTIONS OF MONEY TO HELP Real Object Temporarily to Embarrass Garvey in the Hope That with Strong Man Out of Way, the Movement Will Cease to Exist PERSECUTION OF LEADER MAKES CAUSE STRONGER AND GREATER THAN EVER —A CRUCIAL PERIOD FOR ORGANIZATION —NO TIME FOR TREMBLING, WEAK-KNEED MEN—MUCH TO BE TOLD OF CONSPIRACY Liberty Hall Again Packed with Sympathizers — Addresses Made by Speakers Stir Audience to High Pitch of Enthusiasm position in this country and nowhere today They have manufactured all kinds of willful, malicious, wicked propaganda. That paper organization known as the African Blood Brithrotherhood has sent out releases (which we are going 'deal with) saying that there was a great besieging in New York of the Black Star Line, that the people clamored and fought to get into the building, everybody trying to get back what they had in the Black Star Line. That news they have sent all over the country to as to fright and to scare the people into believing that something wrong was going on in New York. The truth is that not one man has been to our office about the Black Star Line and the return of money. They sent out release saying that the place was besieged by hundreds and thousands of stockholders trying to get in. Everybody knows how big a lie that is. I do not know if they did see Prof. Ferris, but they said that they saw Sir William Ferris with shaking knees (Laughter) I do not know how true that is, but you can pass your own judgment on that. I can tell you that nothing of the kind ever happened as far as the besieging of the office of the Black Star Line is concerned. There is much to tell about this conspiracy which will be told, and when it is told I feel sure the Universal Negro improvement Association will not be the worse off for the tale. Power of Movement Being Felt I say to you men and women that you are being fought at this moment because your power is being felt. Organizations, movements, individuals, governments, seen and unseen, do not fight things that are not of any account, because they do not waste energy and time and money for nothing. You have built up such a movement that you have caused many of the European governments to be scared, they are having nightmares. (Laughter) Great alarm is being manifested in Europe at this time through the growth of this movement of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, and so they are organized to embarrass us or hold us up to ridicule; but that is the reason why you should fight on the more. As I have heard it—they have found out that there is one strong man in the movement and they want to remove that one strong man, believing that in removing him the movement will die. I do not know if you could be such silly, good for nothing people as to allow this movement to stop for one moment if one man goes. I would be very much disappointed and very much disgusted, in life or death, if four million people of this organization would allow themselves to be scattered and rent because of the absence of any one man. I have the confidence that if the time comes for any one man or two or three men to be taken away and put to jail or electrocuted or hanged, there are hundreds of others more determined and more able will spring up to lead the people. (Applause.) I think these periods of test are meant for us to find out our strong men. We do not want weak-kneed men—men who will start trembling in the knee when they see anything like trouble. But there is no trouble. Where is the trouble? The time when trouble comes will be the time when we march out on the battle plans to live for freedom or to die for freedom. (Applause.) There is no trouble when one or two men go to jail. Why, hundreds of men—thousands of us—will have to go to jail before we see a free and independent Africa; and if they send me to jail they will only give me time to rest up to do some more work. (Applause.) Here Mr. Garvey, in an effort to dissuade his heavens from the popular belief that the organization was having trouble with the government and that the government was something to be feared, took occasion to explain the origin and function of government. "Government," he said, "is but the expression of the will and sentiment of the people; and as you are the people, you cannot be afraid of yourself. Some people think that government is some almighty power—some almighty force. Government is only your own expression, and you are not going to interfere with yourselves; you are not going to do. anything that will hurt yourselves, because that would be cruel. you make up the government surely you would not do anything against the government because you would be doing something against yourselves. So we need not fear the government, because we have nothing to do against the government. Continuing, he said. This movement has no need to fear anyone because we realize that we make up one of the strongest forces in the world. We are 400,000,000 people. We have a cause first of all and we have discovered it to be a righteous cause. We believe it to be righteous and we are going to fight for it to the bitter end. The fight of the Universal Negro Improvement Association is not against races or against governments, the fight is for the liberation of 400 000 000 oppressed souls, but other individuals because of jealousy, have tried to misrepresent us to governments and tried to misrepresent us to races. I do not know how true this is, but if it was said it is a wicked lie Weldon Johnson, secretary of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, is alleged by one of the reporters of the New York World to have informed the New York World that Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association are organized to stir up disturbance between white and black people if such a statement was ever made, it is a wicked lie because everybody knows that the Universal Negro Improvement Association is organized not to interfere with any other race, but to protect ourselves. We have talked it openly we have written about it and I do not see why anyone—especially a Negro—should lie to any other race about the aims and objects of this great movement But those are the methods people use when they cannot come out in the open and fight on their merits, those are the methods certain people use to undermine organization. They desire to stir up prejudice against the movement and prejudice against me. No true-heard white man would believe that this organization is organized for the purpose of creating disturbance between races. It is only a waste of time for any one to seek to create disturbance in two races. But we are organized without any impulse, without any apology to fight for our own liberties, our own freedom, for our own dear Africa, and in that we are not going to compromise us to any race, let the race be white, yellow or black. The program of the National Negro Improvement Association must be put over and whether anything is done by Marcus Garvey—whether he is, or your one duty is to put over this program Marcus Garvey will remain as long as life lasts, but if Marcus Garvey dies or if they succeed in their mission to put Marcus Garvey in jail, remember that the movement is utter the movement is belonging to 400 000 000 of us, and if one falls out of line by dying, or becoming otherwise unable to carry on the work, it is for you to lift up from among you men and women worthy enough to carry on this fight. I feel sure that men and women will rise from the ranks as time goes on. After all, we do not know how many leaders we have until one who leads is put out of the way permanently. I believe that among the people there are more leaders than we had thought for or imagined, and I feel sure that we are going to disappoint those who think that by temporarily embarrass Marcus Garvey it will hurt the movement. That is the idea. They believe if they can embarrass Garvey or discredit him or get him out of the way the movement will be affected. But they will be disappointed, for within the Universal Negro Improvement Association there is a loyalty, patriotism and determination that cannot die. (Aplauspe.) Battle of Survival of the Fittest Men, I want you to realize that you are fighting a battle for the survival of the fittest. It is a battle to be won not under easy circumstances. You cannot win this battle on a bed of roses. You have to win this battle through sacrifices, through hardships of all kinds. Some of you will have to suffer and some will have been injured there whom you are expecting most of are those who protest to be our leaders. I counted the coat when I gave my life over to the cause of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. No nothing can disappoint me nothing in the world will disappoint me as far as the work of this great movement goes. I dedicated my life to it and every drop of blood I have ever but of energy and ability I possess will be given to no other cause but this which all of us prof are abiding loyalty. No there is no need for any one to look to me for cowardice or weakness during the time of trial. Cowards Should Die Those who are courageous should die. He he leader or follower if for one moment he gets for it the benefit to die. He can never intended for this movement. How do you expect you can win a battle, fighting others if you are for the benefit to afraid. Soldiers are not supposed to be fearful, soldiers are supposed to be ready to defeat any time. And shot of the general's. Can the general's to mor courageously the soldier? Thus who and of an army can you have if both soldiers and generals are cowards? Let me tell you. If you come across any of your generals during this crisis shaking the leg and playing the feel knock them down. Laughter. This is no time to shake the leg and be scared this is the time for every man to get ready to step on the other man's shoes. The Fight Is On The fight is on! It must continue I have to compliment you of New York for the spiritual spirit you have shown at that time. With all the metropolitan dailies against us with the Negro papers of the country lined up against us with few exceptions with undercurrents here and undercurrents there you have demorated a morale that I believe cannot be dislodged anywhere. In the past we, instead of becoming alarmed, you also narrated a loyalty that any one people any nation should be proud of. The Germans had no such loyalty during the bloody conflict of 1914-1918. The Allied Powers had no such loyalty during those fatal years as that when you demonstrated during the past week Your loyalty to this movement was superb. Instead of your carrying out the expectation of the papers and our enemies to make a run on the organization, you gave more support financially to the organization than you have done before (Applause). That is a sad disappointment to our enemies. If you will take our records for the last week you will find that the New York local and all the divisions contributed more than they did in any two months prior to that time. (Applause). That is proof of the loyalty and strength of the movement. So that we are going to disappoint our enemies. If you will look around in Liberty Hall you will see the same faces as heretofore, nobody has gone away. I repeat, we are going to disappoint our enemies and when the fight is over, whether Garvey is in jail, or out of jail we will simply start annow and work all the harder and become even larger and stronger than what we are today for if Garvey goes to jail the fight will be just a little better. A Frame-Up to Get Garvey Out of the Way There is a great frame-up to do away with me in some sort of way, by way of causing me to commit some offense we rely they can a loop-hole to execute or to deport me. I know the game they are playing. I see every step they make. They will not disappoint me one bit, and I am sure this government will not let itself hold up to ridicule, because Marion Garvey shall ever dull that is in the sense of the spirit of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. I know all the tricks our enemies are up to (referring to the enemies of the movement), and when they close my mouth my pen shall write and expose the tricks and dirty games they have been playing to crush a great human uplift cause. I feel sure when it comes to the test, whether it be in the Supreme Court of the court of lower jurisdiction, the skirt of the government or of the law will not be smiled --- to please trifly dirty, scheming politicians and malicious account relegates. The history of the Universal Negro Improvement Association is to be written and all the incidents in the history of the movement shall be brought before the people and taken to the people. Reiterates Absurdity of Charges. The idea of accusing me of the fraudulent use of the mail! What that means, anyhow, I don't know and won't know. I suppose I get into court. When I get there they will tell me what fraud I have ever committed. I have never consciously or unconsciously committed any fraud upon anyone at any time or in any place. Somebody came to me or rather somebody dares the news to me that some one said that they the light survey would have long something desperate by now. For what? There is only one life I have to give and when I die you can rest assured that that life will be given for something that concerns the welfare and success of the inveterate Negro Improvement Association (VIP plause). And the place that I am expecting to give up that life is in the battle plains of Africa, but if the want to take it before that time whether in flatland or anywhere it matters not because the cause involves even if some of us die. Here the speaker asserted his honor that there was no need for anxiety on the part of anyone concerning the movement or concerning him personally for he was engaged in a righteous cause and a just cause and that he was therefore nothing to fear. God is the only one should fear not man alone of the enemies of him if of the movement were legion or worse in the battalions of hell itself he would and unafraid unmoved out of the righteousness of the cause he espouses and for which he is willing necessary to give them his very life blood the redemption of Africa and the emancipation of the 4,000,000 Negro people of the world from economic industrial and political slavery. This spirit of fearing no one should inflict every Negro person should be act as a coward or in a cruel way (a killing fear wherever he beaten in a law adding peaceful manner assert his manhood, and let the world know that he intends to fight for his rights and for his ideals. Then and now will he be universally respected as a man and treated with respect. No harm and he in confusion can ever come to Negro if they are so kindly united with all due regard to law and order determined to let no one intimidate me or insult their manhood. That is why despite all the recent happenings and the still more serious and exaggerated re-greatened by the press, regarding those happenings Harlem still calls his peace and quiet and remains unsettled. That and the great leader in his closing words is the spirit I wish each and everyone of you to have. I want you to feel that you were right. God to whom alone you are responsible that you should fight for the things that are right and righteous that you should stand up for them like men and if need be do for them. That is my message to you tonight (Great applause) Lady Henrietta Vinson leaves Inter- national organizer began her address by saying that it was a great plea- cure to her to be present and to see the next assemblage of people gathered in Liberty Hall. Much a scene is very in- 111 One eleven cigarettes Three Friendly Gentlemen Made to Suit Your Taste We have for years catered to the cigarette smokers of America. With this experience, we created One Eleven—"111"—"Made to Suit Your Taste," of the world's three greatest cigarette tobacco— 1—TURKISH, for Aroma 2—VIRGINIA, for Mildness 3—BURLEY, for Mellowness We named them One Eleven—the address of our home office. We are proud of their success. Have You Tried Them? 15¢ for 20 The American Tobacco Company 111 PETALAYA LADY DAVI8 SPEAK8 spiring, she said, to those who, like herself are engaged in field work, to see evidences of continued loyalty and confidence in the L N L A is a great encouragement to them and fills them with increased ardor and spirit in the work of carrying on the cause of the colors of the fled, the Black and the green. Now Is the Time to Be Loyal If over there was a time for the members of the race to be loyal and true to one another especially to the great organization of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, now is the time. Those who joined the movement in the beginning realized that there would be opposition from within and from without, that there would even be those in it who would prove untrue and disloyal, that the cause was one that called for loyalty and enthusiasm. Miss Davis then referred to the cause of the Irish people, their struggle of more than 700 years and their ultimate victory. When contemplating the sacrifice they made for their liberty and in independence how they shed their blood and gave up their lives that Ireland might be free surely the 400 000 000 Negroes of the world should be willing to make the same sacrifice for their liberty and freedom, too. Said he We are feeling along with the East Indian along with the Egyptian and even with the Chinese, that we must fight for our independence, and we must fight without ceasing, that we must be true to our leader. We know that he will have to make sacrifices. He of all people in the world knows the great sacrifice that this cause calls for. Then it is for us, as loyal and true members as representatives of a great tribe to stand by him in this hour of need to stand by this organization and all of its brides, not to waste our time or our energies in petty quarrels and bickering not to dig up the mistakes of the past. Should Not Misunderstand Each Other Mary Davis pleaded also that Negroes should endeavor to understand each other for the race is facing the future and no one knows what day a crisis may come in its history, hence all should observe their energies for this or conflict that is to come. Fearless men and fearless women, all declared are needed at this time who are willing to go forward in the fight for righteousness, who are willing to stand on the firing line and who will not finish. We all hate cowards, all continued. We are ill disposed to the weak-kneed and spindles, and they are such members in the Universal Negro Improvement Association I am sorry to say. But let them be at rest until they feel that their courage, and the they should be willing to take the world. World in a Tense State In conclusion, Miss Davis said that everyone everywhere should be willing to stand up for the principles of this organization even though their back be against the world, fighting for anausea which means so much to them and especially at this particular time when the world is in such a tense state when everything that everybody does is watched so keenly, and especially everything that the darker peoples of the world do" "We are in the time right" she added, "let us, therefore, take our stand in the centre of the stage and declare to the world that the sentiments and principles of the Universal Negro Improvement Association which we espouse, we are The Shares Are $5 Each. Get You're Now! Right Now! DO YOU KNOW THAT IT represents your strivings, your raco's strivings to reach a place in the maritime world that will command respect? DO YOU KNOW THAT just in that measure you give it your unstinted support you contribute to the glory of the achievement? DO YOU REALIZE THAT the full measure of support it merits at your hand? Get those shares now, brother. Get them now, sister. Get 'em right now. Use the coupon. HAVE YOU GIVEN IT—Mr. Negro man or woman, search your own heart and determine whether you would like to see the Red, Black and Green floating over the seven seas, to all the breaches that blow, proclaiming to the world that "Ethiopia has stretched forth her hand." willing to fight for and, if need be die for (Applause). Sir William H. Ferris Speaks Prof. William H. Ferris was the next speaker and took for his theme "The Rise of a Race." "From the dawn of history," he said, "struggle has been the central principle of a nation's life and of a race's life. That was because there was not enough gold, not enough fertile land to go around for all. Thus the strong had to conquer the weak or else some men who did not want to work fought to enalase others to work for them, and the race that could struggle won out, and the race that could not struggle lost out. That has been true of all great movements. No great movement ever rose in a day. It took the shepherds who sat by the hills of the Tiber 500 years before they made Rome the mixtress of the world. It took Christianity which is now the religion of the civilized world. 300 years before it could make its impression upon the Roman Empire. It is the fate of man that the men who sow the seed very well see the reaping. Those pilgrims who crossed the ocean in the Mayflower and landed on Plymouth Rock could not foresee that they were founding the greatest republic known in history. When Christopher Columbus discovered the West Indian islands he did not know he had discovered a continent greater than all Europe. As it has ever been so it will be with the Universal Negro Improvement Association, with its great industrial program and with its rogran for the commercial development of Liberia and its program for the redemption of Africa. It will take years and millions of dollars before these great plans can be brought to their culmination and to their fruition. It is true in life that the things which are temporal fall but the things which are permanent endure. When you study farming you find that there are three kinds of fertilizers that the farmer puts on the ground. He puts nitrogen to make the plant grow tall he puts potash to give thickness and bulk to the vegetable or tree and he puts phosphorus to give the seed vitality so that it can stand cold and frost and weather its way among the elements. The same thing is true about human institutions. Those things which have vitality have something permanent in them to survive, and those which have not go down. UNIQUE OPERATING COMPANY Notice is hereby given that the annual Meeting of the Stockholders of the UNIQUE OPERATING COMPANY Inc. will be held on Friday, January 27th, 1932 at 8 o'clock p.m. for the election of Directors. The meeting will be held at the business so may properly come before said meeting. Block transfer bounces of the Company will be held on Saturday January 21st, at noon, and e-opened on Saturday, January 28th, at 10:00 A.M. CHARLEB C. RICHARDS, How Many Shares Have You Purchased? or the Andes, but that it would remove difficulties; and that is hat faith does. Faith nerves a man so that he puts forth his entire effort and all his energy. The difference between the man who succeeds in life and the man who falls, and the differences between the races and movements and nations which fall and those which succeed rests in this fact. the one who succeeds puts forth their every effort and the one who did not succeed did not do so. The Universal Negro Improvement Association, by giving the Negro faith through teaching him that he has played a part in the history of the world, and by giving him faith in his own possibilities and faith in his future, is teaching the Negro to put forth his every effort and his every energy. "I trust that through the Universal Negro improvement Association a tidal wave of thought and feeling will sweep over the world, inspiring the Negro so that he will make the name of Ethiopia illustrious as it was in the days past and gone." (Applause) Dr. Singh Speaks Dr Bhring an East Indian, a member of the Mahatma Gandhi party spoke on the movement of the great East Indian leader for the independence of the people of India, now, as Mr Garvey pointed out, is the most talked-of and the most written-of man in the world today. He said that the present success of the movement was due largely to the putting into practical application the meaning of the world unity and in comparing the achievements of Mahatma Gandhi with the accomplishments of Marcus Garvey within the brief period of the history of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, the work done by the latter was wonderful East Indian in Sympathy With Negroes The people of India, Dr. Singh said, are in sympathy with the Negro peoples of the world in their aspirations for a free and independent Africa, and the same sinister forces in the form of propaganda are at work against both the freedom of the East Indian and the freedom of the Negro 'influences also are at work to create feelings of antagonism on the part of the East Indians against the Africans and Negroes in general, but those efforts will not succeed, for all East Indians believe that the two people are fighting for the same principles, and instead of taking a stand of opposing the black people of the world, they are anxious to co-operate with them, since the two have a common aim and a common purpose. "We will never stand to fight against Africa, said he, amidst great applause. East India Home Rule Question A proposition for home rule in India, Dr. Singh declares, is being offered to the East India, but this is not acceptable to them for the reason that if put into effect it would simply mean that India would have self-government but at the head of the government would be some British white man, and that they would never be satisfied to have it that way. "We might be called upon at some time to fight against one another, and that is one reason why we are not going to accept home rule in India." This is the time for all East Indians to stand together, and this they are doing under the lead of Mahatma Gandhi and the cry of the word, awaraj, which, interpreted, means something stronger even than independence. The speaker then told that Mahatma Gandhi was a lawyer, having educated from Cambridge University, after which he went down to Cape Town, South Africa, where he practiced law and fought a case against the government. This case he won, and because of his victory the government endowed to bring him into bad repute, which was accomplished by a false arrest and trumped up charged of intoxication. Because of this he was deported to the Fiji Islands, after which he returned to his native land, and has from that time down to the present been engaged in propagating the cause of the freedom of India from the yoke of the British government. In conclusion Dr. Singh made a strong plea for unity, both of the East Indians to uphold the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, and for the Negroes of the world to support 'Marcus Garvey, and each of the two peoples help shoulder the respective burdens of their great leaders: "for," said he, "If the 400 000,000 Negroes of the world come together and join hands with the 850,-000,000 East Indians of the same race, this great alliance of the two peoples will be so strong, so all power- THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, JANUARY 28, 1922 MISS MARIA BALDWIN, FAMOUS COLORED EDUCATOR, PASSES AWAY Stricken with Apoplexy While Delivering an Address at the Copley Plaza, Boston BOSTON Mass. Jan. 16. While addressing members of the Council of the Robert Gould Shaw House Association last Monday afternoon in the Copley-Piazza, Boston, Miss Marla Baldwin, principal of the Agassiz School, Cambridge, Mass. one of the most prominent colored women in the United States, collapsed in the middle of her discourse and died within a few minutes. Miss Baldwin, the third speaker of the afternoon, was delivering one of her characteristic addresses. She suddenly halted, brushed her hand across her eyes and fell to the floor. Benjamin F. Seldon, a Y. M. C. A. secretary rushed to her assistance. The house physician and Dr Bird were summoned and the three gave first aid. All efforts to revive her were unsuccessful. An ambulance was summoned and she was taken to the City Hospital On arrival there she was pronounced dead. Miss Baldwin's death upset the program of the afternoon. Dr Alexander Mann, rector of Trinity Church, who is president of the Council and who presided at the meeting, adjourned the session. Dr Robert R Moton, principal of Tuskegee Institute, Alabama, and Miss Esher Barrows, of the South End House, Boston, had just preceded Miss Baldwin with their addresses. Miss Baldwin was educated in the schools of Cambridge, was graduated from the Cambridge Teachers' Training School in 1881, and the following year started teaching in the Aganis School. In 1907 she was appointed principal of that school, and in 1916, when the school was enlarged, she was made master having the distinction of being the only woman to hold such a position in the Cambridge schools. She was probably the only colored master of a public school in New England. She was president of the Women's Community Service League, a member of the Twentieth Century Club, a former president of the Boston Ethical Society and a member of the Council of the Robert Gould Shaw House Association. Miss Baldwin had been in ill health for some time. Her death is believed to have been due to heart trouble. She is survived by a sister, a teacher in a high school in Wilmington, Del and a brother, a graduate of Harvard and a practicing lawyer in the West. Miss Baldwin literally "died in harness," pleading for her people. Although her death was sad and untimely, its dramatic and uncanny setting will keepen and broaden interest in the important work which the Robert Gould Shaw House is doing for the colored citizens of Boston. For many years, up to the time of her death, she resided at the Franklin Square House, Boston. The funeral of the famous school teacher, made famous by the tribute of President Elliott of Harvard as "the best school teacher in Now England," took place from the Arlington Street Church (Unitarian) on Monday and thousands of Boston's artistrycatt attended as mourners of the deceased. SINCE I MET YOU Since I met you My heart feels new. And from it springs Sweet thoughts, sweet things. My atmosphere Seems brighter, dear. Since I met you. I'm never blue Since I met you— Well, not for long, With joy so strong, I feel a cheer. Serene, my dear. ful, that, unless justice b done to them, they can and will stop the world itself from turning on its axis, for they are determined that they shall be free." (Great applause.) THE PRESIDENT OF COSTA RICA, AND THE SECRETARY OF STATE FOR FOREIGN AFFAIRS SEND GREETINGS TO MARCUS GARVEY San Jose, Costa Rica, C. A., January 5, 1922 Hon. Marcus Garvey: Dear Sir-I am directed by Hon. Julio Acosta, and his Excellency, Hon. Alejandro Aloarado Quiros, Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, to convey to the President-General of the U. N. I. A. fraternal greetings and best wishes for the continued success of your noble organization throughout the world. R. L. MONGERIE. AFRICAN MATRIMONIAL FEAST AND BANQUET AT LIBERTV HALL, PITTSBURGH, PA., DIVISION 61 December 26. 1921 The African Matrimonial Feast and Banquet was indeed a grand event Under the wise and caful supervision of the president, Hon. G. A. Weston, and the executive secretary, Hon W. C. Francis, a financial wizard, it could not have been otherwise. Long before the time to begin the guests were arriving from the various divisions in Pittsburgh and its suburbs. Hon G A. Weston and Hon B. B. Clark made a most imposing picture as they sat on the platform, immaculate in full dress. After singing "From Greenland's Icy Mountains," and having prayer a short but excellent program was rendered. The speeches of Hon. Marcus Garvey on the phonograph were received with much applause. Hon B B. Clark was master of ceremonies. The guests were then asked to be seated at the table, ladies on one side, gentlemen on the other Six biscuits, two containing each $1, two 50 cents, two, 25 cents, had been placed on the table indiscriminately one of two biscuits being on the ladies' side, the other on the gentlemen's side, among the other biscuits, as $1 biscuit had been placed at each plate. The lady finding the $1 in her biscuit was to be the bride, the gentleman, the groom. The lady finding the 50 cents was to be Lady Henrietta V Davis and make a speech like her, the gentleman was to be Hon. Marcus Garvey and make a speech like him. The lady finding the 25 cents was to be Mrs Lillian Willis, first universal head of Black Cross nurace, and the gentleman was to be the potentate, and they also were to make speeches. Naturally there was much excitement as we took our seats, especially on the ladies' side, who were just bubbling over with curiosity. It was sometime before the excitement was lessened, even after it was known that Miss Ethel Davia, of East Liberty Division No. 124, was the lucky lady. The groom was Mr Clayton, a married gentleman, who very graciously assumed his part for the evening. The bride and groom were then robed in their wedding garments, which were of the U. N. I. A. colors. The invitations and menus were red, with the words printed with black letters, in the African language. The guest then proceeded to banquet, after which the bride and groom were married by Hon. Weston. Then the various speeches were made by those who were supposed to be representing the various officials of the parent body for the evening. Yes, but who knows that these same participants sometime in the near future may, on the shores of Africa, play a lasting and important part in the government of Africa. God grant that they may. A large representation of the U. N. L. A. turned out to take part in the parade on Emancipation Day. The exercises were held at Soldiert' Memorial Hall. Too much praise cannot be given to Hon. G. A. Weston and Hon. W. C. Francia, who are working so faithfully and using all means in their power to make the U. N. L. A. go over the top in Pittsburgh, Pa. BERTHA J. FINNEY. General Secretary East Liberty Division No. 134. FIRST LIBERTY DIVISION 184 The U N I A. Dramatic Club of East Liberty Division No. 134 gave a gift entitled, "Dr Divine Friday January 6, 1922. The pr. was directed by Mrs. Berta J Finney. It was quite a success, the parties all acquitting themselves with much credit. Hon W C Francis was master of ceremonies and more than usual to the occasion. It is always a great pleasure to have such officials with us, who not only can guide and direct, but who also are so willing to give such admirable service. This club was organized a few weeks ago with Miss L Wilson as president Miss Eliza Finney, secretary, and Mrs. Bailey as treasurer. We are hoping to increase our membership and do bugger and better things in the future, not only to prove the world that we are aiming high, for our own development, but that we may the better serve our race and nankind. BERTHA J FINNEY Gen Sec.. E Liberty Division No 134. A MESSAGE FROM SANTO DOMINGO The Negro World, 56 West 135th St New York Dear Sir—Kindly allow me space in your indispensable journal to make known one of the greatest atrocities of the age committed in San P Macoris by the American military occupation in Santo Domingo. On September 8, at 9.30 p. m., while Branch No. 26 of the U N I. A and A C L. was meeting in its hall a detachment of American officers, aided by civil policemen, entered and demanded the arrest of all within. The president Rev. D. E. Philips, thereupon asked upon what ground was the arrest! He was quickly informed that the arrests were to be made and that he was to ask nothing at all. Our poor brothers and sisters, fifteen in number, were coolly marched to the prison, where they have been kept to the present in the most mental way. They have been tried several times, but cannot be condemned, as the God of Ethiopia knows that these our people are guilty of nothing. After about three sittings the unjust judge, for a few paltry cents, I dare say, sentenced our poor people to $4 fine, although their barrister at the bar declared them not guilty. Thoreau our president declared an appeal, and immediately it was drafted along with a bail for release by our heriola barrister. At this juncture they were marched back to the prison was to be released, but, unfortunately, up to the present they are not free, for in the meanwhile the provost marshal stated that: they must not be released until he says so. We are now awaiting the sitting of the appeal. My dear brothers, we are living in an envious and treacherous period when mankind seeks our hurt without a cause. Our alien brother has always minated us, and today, because he minated the turning of the tide, he is striving for the masters still. Ethiopia is strutting forth her hands. We are opening 400,000,000 strong. My dear friends, our predicament here, according to what we have learned, is a matter of greed and seize-grandizement against our people by certain ministerial parties. But nevertheless our God of the Red, the Black and the Green shall champion our cause and lead us safely to the shores of our dear fatherland, there to sing Ethiopia's praises forevermore. Rolling billows may divide us. Till we reach the Ethiopian shore. But there it will not be denied us. Equality to reign forevermore. LOUIS I. GONZALES. Ian Pedro *e* Macoris 135TH ST. LIBRARY NOTES Lecture by Mr. Charles Johnson Mr. Charles Johnson, former secretary of "Race Relations Committee", of Illinois, will lecture at this library on Thursday evening, January 28, at 8:30 p. m. His subject will be "Public Opinion and the Negro." Discussion is welcome. Library Book Shelf The collection of reference books in the library is being enlarged to include books of importance along various lines such as are not considered generally to be reference works, such as Van Loone "Story of Mankind," Wells "Outline of History," DuBois "Darkwater" Probenius "Child of Man" Bryce "South America," and Bryce "Modern Democracy" Interesting books recently added are The Cockpit, by Israel Zangwill, a play in three acts, with a setting in the Hokkai, in which the author shows the futility of making a fetish of nationalism An American Idyll, by Cornelia Parker, the life of Carleton Parker, by his wife. This book is both an intimate and charming biography, as well as an enlightening exposition of Carleton Parker's methods of solving the labor liaison. As an introduction to the new method of applying psychology to social problems, it should not be missed. The Young Enchanted," by Hugh Walpole a delightful and stimulating story of youth. "Oliver Cromwell." another story-play of a great man by Drinkwater, the author of "Abrham Lincoln." February Song Colored Entertainer Bert n mean se of the teddy" t expected Edith Wilson and John Original Jazz Hotel Hear these entertainers "Old Time Blues" and "Fri jazz fan will want this n record. The Columbia Graphophone Co ored artists than any other record Colu Recor COLUMBIA GRAPHOPHONE February Song Hits by Colored Entertainers Bert Williams and his troubles Bert never knew one word could mean so much. He tells you some of the things he found "Unexpectedly" to mean. Coupled with "Unexpectedly" is "Brother Low Down." A3508—85c Edith Wilson and Johnny Dunn's Original Jazz Hounds Hear these entertainers amap through "Old Time Blues" and "Frankie!" Every jazz fan will want this new February record. A3508—85c The Columbia Graphophone Co. has more colored artists than any other record manufacturer Columbia Records COLUMBIA GRAPHOPHONE CO., New York City IMPORTANT NOTICE All Divisions of the Urm ment Association are immediately from ca their annual Dollar Article VIII, Section All Divisions of the Universal Negro Improvement Association are requested to collect immediately from each and every member their annual Dollar Tax in keeping with Article VIII, Section I, of the Constitution. Get financial for January, 1922. UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSN. MARCUS GARVEY, President-General A. Minse, who wrote the popular successes, "Mr. Pim Passes By," and "This Dover Road." "Bataula," the much-heralded novel by the French Negro, Nene Maran, who was awarded the Goncourt prize in Paris. COLUMBIA GRAPHO- PHONE COMPANY BRINGS OUT NEW HIT The Columbia Graphophone Company is producing records of the latest song and jazz hits in rapid succession. This organization has a large number of artists producing records continually. Among the big list of Columbia artists are the following popular colored entertainers: Bert Williams Mary Stafford and her jazz band, Ethel University Quartet, Johnny Dunn's Original Jazz Hounds, Edith Wilson, Carroll Clark, Southern Quartet, Sweatman's Original Jazz Band and Handy's Orchestra. With this array of colored talent Columbia records have a large sale among folks who want the latest popular songs and dance hits. Two Columbia records by colored artists are featured for February. One is "I'll Be Good, but I'll Be Lonesome" and "He Took It Away From Me Blues," by the Sou'hern Quartet. The other February record hit is "Arkansas Blues" and "Blind Man's Blues," produced by Mary Stafford and her jazz band. Hits by Containers Bert Williams and his troubles never knew one word could so much. He tells you some things he found "Unspec- so mean. Coupled with "Un- duly" is "Brother Low Down." A-3508—85c Any Dunn's bounds annap through Frankie!" Every new February A-3506—85c o. has more col- ord manufacturers mbia ds CO., New York City Universal Negro Improve requested to collect with every member Tax in keeping with I. of the Constitution. 1. --- Negro World Entered as second class matter April 16 1919 at the Postoffice at New York, N Y under the Act of March 3 1879 PRICES: Five cents in Orchard New York, seven cents elsewhere in the U. B. A., ten cents in Foreign Countries. Advertising Rates at Office Correspondents are requested to write on one side of the paper and sign all communications even if a nom-de-plume is used for publication. Unless these rules are compiled with communications will receive no consideration. We also invite our renders to send or bring us any clipping or news which shall opinion will interest the public. Unlike our contemporaries we will not charge advertising or other rate for publishing any news item that is or public interest The Negro World does not knowingly accept questionable or fraudulent advertising. Readers of the Negro World are earnestly requested to invite our attention to any failure on the part of an advertiser to adhere to any representation contained in a Negro World advertisement. MR. KIRNON ON "ACADEMIC BOOK STUFF" TWICE Mr. Hodge Kirmon, the former editor of the New Negro, contributed discriminating and illuminating articles on Garveyism. In the current issue of The Negro World he contributes a very suggestive article on "As to the U. N. I. A." It reveals psychological analysis of a very high order. Mr. Kirmon speaks truly when he said: "It was the Black Star Line, as Dr. Ferris once said, which brought this wonderful racial interest and solidarity amongst Negro peoples of the Western World. It is to be observed that Garvey is gradually succeeding in idealizing even the business end of the U. N. I. A. This fact men like Seligman overlook: Garvey is spiritualizing a commercial affair. There are many who are now quite willing to allow their economic interests to be subordinated—eliminated for that matter—to their highly idealized racial outlook. Should Garvey succeed in doing this he will have performed a truly remarkable feat. Important as scientific and philosophic intelligence may be, their value and place in the scheme of progress are relative. Emotional appeals, elaborate and pompous rituals and ceremonies, superstititions, exaggerated speech and action, hyperbolic expressions, etc., have also a positive place in the development of civilization. Not only that, but at specific times they are of greater import as sources of inspiration and action, and as mental fertilizers they furnish the soil upon which knowledge and culture will flourish and ripen to maturity for future propagators and perpetuators." The psychology of the subconscious has revealed the important part that is played by inherited impulses and instincts in the cultural life of mankind. The intellect may be the pilot, the conscience the rudder, but the emotions are the driving forces in human progress. And Mr. Kirmon hits the nail on the head here. But Mr. Kirnon, with all his brilliancy and suggestiveness, seems to take exception to the Weltanschauung or viewpoint of the literary editor of The Negro World. Twice before we took exception to his statements and we regret to take exception the third time because we do not like to assume the role of a carping critic when a man sends us a splendid article. And we also do not like to cut out of an article passages we do not agree with when it is brilliantly written and contains nothing libelous. Mr. Kirnon says: "Quite often Dr Ferris takes an excursion in the field of philosophy, a field in which he delights to graze, though in my estimation he has never written anything of note outside of the ordinary academic book stuff." This statement of Mr. Kirnion indicates that he is either playing to the galleries or else knows less about the history of civilization than we had supposed. First to take up the "academic" stuff. That is usually regarded as branding the outpourings of college professors in the classroom, who are supposed to be bookworms and closet philosophers, as abstract and theoretical. But all college professors are not day dreamers, star gazers, recluses and bookworms, but some are men of affairs. Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler, president of Columbia University, is prominent in the councils of the Republican party. Dr. N. Angell, president of Yale University, was director of the Carnegie Institute before he came to Yale. Dr. Abbott Lawrence Lowell was a lawyer and author of books on law before he assumed the presidency of Harvard. In our days at Yale, Dr. Wm. Lyon Phelps had served as U. S. Minister to England and represented America at the Behring Sea controversy before he came to the law school; Prof. Arthur Twining Hadley was a magazine writer on salicoids and Labor Commissioner for Connecticut before he was elected to the chair of political economy; Dr. George T. Ladd for two years had business experience and ten years pastored a large Western church before he began to teach psychology and philosophy. We could mention other illustrations, but we think that we have said enough about the "academic" stuff. Now to the "book" stuff. We have heard orators and preachers endeavor to get popular favor by boasting of the fact that they had not book, learning and had not rubbed their heads against college walls. Why does a man read books? He reads books for the same reason that he attends the public lectures of Stoddard, DuChaillu or Sir Harry Johnson or other travelers. He desires to avail himself of the knowledge and experience acquired by the author and to terminate himself with the author's reflections upon his experience. The dweller in New York City admires the workmanship exhibited in the skyscrapers, Brooklyn Bridge, the subway, the underground tube connecting Brooklyn and New York, the palatial steamships like the Lusitania and Titanic, the modern locomotive, the rail-powered automobile and the complicated linotype machine. In the architects, boat builders, bridge builders, engineers and inventors who were responsible for these wonders of the modern world did not evolve or split these creations out of their own unaltered collections. But they first learned all that their forerunners and predecessors had to teach and then they added to the knowledge they acquired and introduced improvements. Britain invented a little steamship. Other boat builders floating palaces. Watt and Stephenson invented the steam engine. Other inventors made improvements until finally the little slow-moving engine evolved into the large, powerful and speedy locomotive. The skyscrapers, Brooklyn Bridge, the subway and underground tube went through the same evolution. So it has been with the history of human thought. Aristotle, the greatest intellect that antiquity produced, sat at the feet of Plato, the prince of idealists, and Plato was a pupil of Socrates, who derived his inspiration from Anaxogoras who sojourned in Egypt, which was peopled by men and women of ebony hue. Even Kant, the father of modern philosophy, said that it was Hume who roused him out of his dogmatic slumber. Locke started Berkeley. He started Hume. And Hume roused Kant, who gave the starting point to Eichle, Schelling, Hegel and Schopenhauer. And Lotze in his incomparable "Microcosmus" fused German idealism with the Herbation psychology and modern science. Aliotta, a noted Italian philosopher, stated that the famous pragmatism of William James was not wholly original and self-derived, but was a development and restatement in simpler language of Kant's Critique of Practical Reason. Prof James was, like Josiah Royce, undoubtedly a man of great originality, but he also communed with and drank in inspiration from the great thinkers of the past and present nothing of the tion of lynchmen to it, we are a bill will be paid at will, by So of the white man a disorganized "Fair An A strong Improvement of mob violence an abiding plague be employed a proving its effort should emulate their reformations of the S section for one world. It can changed for the do all that do As we said on pages 287 and 288 of the first volume of "The African Abroad," which we advise Mr Rurnon to read. "Thus it has ever been in the world of thought. One thinker has added somewhat to the stock and knowledge that was furnished him by his predecessors. Rarely in the world of science has a great discovery or invention suddenly sprung from the brain of one thinker alone, like Archimedes' discovery of the law and principle governing the buoyancy of water, Newton's discovery of the law of gravitation, Harvey's discovery of the circulation of the blood, Isaac Watts' invention of the steam engine or Roentgen's discovery of the X ray. Usually there has been a series of steps preparing the way for the epoch-making discovery Darwin had his forerunners, who blazed the way for him. Few discoveries and inventions are suddenly shot out of the mind of one thinker who had none to prepare the way for him. Not at a single bound was the palatial and commodious ocean liner evolved from the dugout of the savage, or the locomotive that pulls the Empire State Express evolved from the old-fashioned stage wagon, but many stages were passed through before the modern steamship, the modern locomotive and the modern automobile were evolved. "Some may point to Marcomi's sending a message across the sea as a refutation of what I say. Clerk Maxwell had to prove theoretically the existence of electric waves. Hertz had to actually discover the electric waves, someone had to invent the ball oscillator, then the coherer and decoherer, someone had to conceive the idea of similarly tuned instruments, someone had to formulate the system of Morse letters before Marcomi could send or receive a message by wireless telegraphy across the seas." Thus it has ever been, and we are not so egotistic as to believe that we are such a genius or God-inspired man that we could plough our way through the furrows of human thought, without availing ourselves of the light and guidance of master minds who saw human life sub species aeternitatis and recognized the rationality of a universe, which is governed by law and order and instinct with purpose. This does not mean that human thinking is a closed circle or that there must be a slavish dependence upon the past, for each age has its own problems, and eternal truths need a restatement in terms of modern scientific, psychological and political thought. But it does mean that a thinker or scholar should do what a physician, a lawyer, a traveler in a strange country or a pilot taking a boat through a channel should do, and that is, profit by the accumulated knowledge as well as the mistakes of his predecessors and forerunners. Books are the treasure vaults and granaries of civilization. Since books are the mediums by which men have largely transmitted their thoughts, acquired knowledge and experiences to posterity during the past four thousand years, and since books have been the means by which all that man has thought, learned and experienced has become the permanent possession of mankind, we say "live us the academic book stuff and more of the academics book stuff." THE WHITE CLERGY AND LYNCHING T is worthy of remark that the white clergy of this country (with here and there a notable exception) has utterly fled to (with here and there a notable exception) has utterly failed to give any expression either orally or in writing that can be construed as a protest against lynching and the general acts of lawlessness committed against rights, lives and lab ties, especially of Negroes, by irresponsible mobs This band of Christian brothers has preserved a clam-like silence on nearly every occasion when the mob has done its bloody work in some one of our Southern States, and seemingly winked at and thus condoned these brutal crimes of the mob, which defies the majesty of the law with brazen effrontery and persistency Is the religion of the white man so thoroughly saturated with race prejudice and contempt for the Negro that the clergy hesitates to cry out against these barbarous and savage acts of the mobocrats because they feel that their protests will not avail or that their tenure of office will be terminated speedily if they should denounce the mob whose acts are making American civilization and Christianity a by-word? It does seem that these ambassadors of the meek and lowly Nazarene, who had the moral courage to drive the money changers out of the temple and denounce them as thieves, are greatly in need of a rebaptism in the faith which was once delivered unto the saints, and of personal and moral courage of the character of that which distinguished their great Examplar in all His relations with men with whom He came into personal contact while here on earth. He was not a moral coward and He did not compromise with wrong and injustice, but denounced those who practiced it, fearlessly and boldly Since the close of the World War a systematic slaughter of Negroes has been proceeding in the South—men, women and children have been slaughtered in cold blood by white mobs, and not a prominent white clergyman in America has said one word publicly (so far as we know) in denunciation of these acts of shameless brutality. It is to the shame of America, with its thousands of churches and schools, and its enlightened clergy, that such callousness on the part of the clergy, especially, should be so plainly manifest in its attitude towards crimes such as have disgraced this country, both before and since the close of the World War. In a Christian land like this, abounding in Bibles, prayer books, missionary societies, an educated ministry and with a civilization which is its proudest boast, what has its white clergy said or done to show that it has not sinned by silence while the red-handed mob was making a shambles of sections of this "Christian Country" whose white Christian population professes a sincere interest in the conversion of the heathen in foreign lands? And where are Christian missionaries more needed than in the Southern States of America, where the blood lust of its white savage populations runs riot, periodically, and startles and amazes the civilized and so-called heathen world by its vindictive, malicious and brutal character? In what heathen country are committed acts as cold-blooded and vicious as those perpetrated by the white mob of the South upon the Negro victims of its insensate hatred and mob violence. In view of the apathy of the white clergy of America and the half-hearted interest shown by the white press of America, to say nothing of the luke-warmness of white churchgoers on the question of lynching and measure proposed in Congress to put a stop to it, we are not keen in believing that the Dyer Bill or any other bill will be passed by an American Congress to prevent the lynchmg, at will, by Southern mobs, of Negroes who are wholly at the mercy of the white man, North and South, and will be as long as we remain a disorganized people "Fighting like devils for conciliation, And hating each other for the love of God" A strong international organization, such as the Universal Negro Improvement Association now, is the hope of the Negro against mob violence and injustice in any form and in any land where he has an abiding place. Organization is the strongest weapon that can be employed against injustice and oppression Ghandi, in India, is proving its efficacy and the Negroes of the world, if they are wise, should emulate the example of the great Indian reformer and begin their reformatory and remedial work on the cotton and rice plantations of the South. Non-co-operation by the Negro laborer of that section for one week would be felt in every quarter of the white world. It can be done and it may be done if conditions are not changed for the better. The new Negro is an apt scholar, and "dares do all that does become a man" J. L. B MR. MARTIN ON THE MULATTO ON page five of the January 14 issue of The Negro World, Mr. Reynoldson Martin contributed an article on "Our Lack of Self Rehance" in which he trained his guns upon the Mulatto leaders. We have been asked as to whether the Rt. Hon. Marcus Garvey and the Executive Council of the U.N.A. approve of that broadside. We emphatically say "No." Then the reader will ask, "How did the article get in the paper? We don't exactly know because we did not supervise all of the make-up that week. But we have our surprises. In that issue fifty-five letters, articles and poems appeared, exclusive of the feature letter, the editorials, the Liberty Hall meetings and the Spanish section. Those fifty-five were selected out of over one hundred and fifty articles, letters and poems of which were typewritten, double-spaced and hence easily read. Sometimes a long article which starts off splendidly, reads well and ends splendidly, hills to sleep the suspicions of the literary editor and his assistants. If it is typewritten, any sign of commission or omission is easily detected. If it is a long article and written in long hand an objectional word phrase or sentence can occasionally escape detection in the body of the article. In that same much-discussed January 14 issue the literary editor was forced to rewrite two sentences of an article on the editorial page after he received the proof as grammatical errors which escaped the eye in the written manuscript were revealed in the clear type of the printed page. But such a quantity of matter came from the linotype operators the latter part of the afternoon that the literary editor did not have time to proofread and O.K. everything before it went into the paper, but trusted some things to the judgment of his associate and assistant. We will say in passing that not every published article, letter or poem represents the point of view in entire cultural economic and racial matters of the literary editor of The Negro World, but the point of view of the man or woman who signed his or her name to the article letter or poem. Sometimes the article is selected because of its intellectual value and sometimes he cause the author has rendered valuable service either to a local division of the U.N. or to the parent body. While The Negro World is the organ of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and hence in some sense a propaganda paper, we endeavor also to make it a real newspaper and a literary forum. While the literary editor believes that the ones who sign their names to articles and letters and not that they are responsible for the opinions contained therein, he does not knowingly and deliberately select for the paper articles or letters which are likely to individuals or classes or hostile to the principles of the U.N. which knows no sectional or color prejudice but is at the institution of men of African descent everywhere. THE DYER BILL Of the best arguments in favor of the act, the best lie to stop inviting is to be found in the present position of the acting clause in the Volstead Act. The Congress shall have power to enforce this act by appropriate legislation. The Congress is functioning splendidly in entering the Volstead Act or the eight with an amendment and by the same token in make lynching in the South as colons to those who like that kind of sport as prohibition is to the whiskeytowners who adhere the author of the Volstead Act. There does not seem to be any doubt about the passage of this bill, but one can never tell what may happen to any measure in Congress that is intended to benefit the Negro, notably the civil rights bill, the Blair educational bill and many other measures which the promoters sought to put over in the earlier days. All had a larger bearing than the Dyer bill on the rostrum and in the press. But they have gone from us forever, and by some legalocus pocus in the form of an amendment or a series of them this latest attempt to remove the burden from the Negro may go the way of the others. But let us hope for the best. It doesn't cost any more. A CORRECTION In our editorial on "The Negro in Big Business" of the January 14 issue, "Dale's rather than "Gale's" Hotel was meant W H F CONTEMPORARY COMMENTS of slave parents on the island of Haiti in 1742. In early life he was a coachman and overseeer of his master's plantation. When the French Revolution broke out he was overseeer for a planner named De Libertat. The decree of the French Assembly in 1791 gave the rights of French citizenship to all persons of color in the French Dominion and that applied to the position of Haiti under French rule. The benefits of the decree were delayed and toward the end of that year the slaves rose in revolt and Toussaint became one of the leaders. HAITI'S LIBERATOR HONOREB Postage Stamp Recalls Deeds of Toussaint L'Ouverture Among the noteworthy ones of the world who have labored to give a portion of the word the blessings of freedom was Toussaint L'Ouverture, who has been famed for more than a century as the librator of Haiti. On the postage stamps of that country in the 1904 issue his memory was honored by being portrayed on the two and five centime values. Of the various duksy-hued rulers whose portraits appear on some postage stamps, of which the Hawaiian issues present one of the most conspicuous examples, Toussaint I Ouverture easily takes first rank. He was a full-blooded Negro; his efforts to make life more cheerful for the people with whom he was directly associated are remembered wherever the principles of liberty are studied. In 1723 the French Assembly revoked the decree and that occasioned a more spirited revolt Toussaint entered the service of the king of Santo Domingo, being the eastern part of the island of Isalti, and they invaded part of the French territory. In 1723 the French Ancestors, too, within their dominions and Toussaint returned to the French cause and aided them in driving out an English invasion. He was then made mander-in-chief of the French forces on the island and eventually forced the English to surrender. Coming from one of the West Indian Islands which has been notorious for its perpetual disturbances Toussaint L'Ouvetur is one of the historic figures honored by the postal issue, who, as Roland B. Johnson says in *Scoots' Monthly Journal*, is not very well known by philatelists. He was born In 1799 the French Commissioner, Hedouville, attired up dissection between the mutuates and the blacks. The Asks under Toussaint and the president under Andre Ricaud fought a bitter war which closed with Toussaint dictator of Haiti. He was liberal and was made President the republic for if it is recorded that at one time there were eight white men, a administrative council of men. At this time says Mr. Johnson, there came a character in the history of the French people who was destined to make his influence felt in every part of the civilized world and it is because of this man that we owe a great debt to the most remarkable colored man of his time. It came about through the intention of Napoleon Bon. art to reestablish the French colonial empire in America. His first proposal was to regain control of Haiti, and use the land and as a base of operations against the continent. To this end, after Amiens, Napoleon proclaimed the re-establishment of slavery Toussaint was not the man to accept such an infamous proclamation without a protest. His protest took the form of a declaration of independence Napoleon determined to have his authority supreme and sent General Le Clerc with an army of 80,000 men to assert his authority Under Toussaint, the blacks made such a determined resistance that the French did not make any great progress. The defense became stronger and the French were being repulsed when Toussaint was betrayed, arrested, taken to France and imprisoned without trial in the Chateau Joux, near Besançon, where he died in 1803 of cruelty and neglect. The leadership of the Haitian was assumed by Desalinas and the French were finally defeated."—New York Times. CONGRESSMAN ANSORGE SENDS TELEGRAM REGARDING THE NAVAL ACADEMY Marcus Garvey, Editor The Negro World, 56 West 135th St. New York, N. Y. Please publish that any further application of candidates for Annapolis Naval Academy must be sent to me, care of House of Representatives, Washington, D. C. on or before Tuesday next Candidates must be between 15 and 20 years of age by April 1 if not graduate of high school, must take examination in February or April Martin C. Ansorge, M C Washington, D C., January 19 1922 THE "MAROONS" OF JAMAICA "Colons" is the original name given to the fugitive Negro slaves of Louisiana, who, after the conquest of the island by the English in 1655, fled to the mountains and maintained a continuous warfare with the colonists for 140 years in 1795 when finally subdued, a part of them were transported to Nova Scotia and afterward to Nova Leone, Africa, the remainder becoming free in 1834. El Albert Payson Terhune in New York Evening World. THE MINISTER OF LEGIONS AROUSES OAKLAND. CAL THE MINISTER OF LEGIONS AROUSES OAKLAND. CAL Editor of the Negro World, 56 West 135th Street New York City Oakland, Cal., Jan. 9, 1922 Dear Sir, We, the officers and members of the Oakland Division of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, feel that we want you to know of the wonderful work Capt. E. L. Gaines, the Right Honorable Minister of Legions, is doing and na. done in our city in the past four days he has been with us. Never before in the history of Oakland has the coming among us of any big man of our group or of any group meant so much to the Negro people of Oakland. Truly, Captain Gaines is following in the footsteps of the Master; he is "going about doing good." We have held three big meetings since the captain has been here. He spoke at our Community Centre Friday night, and to one of the biggest audiences ever seen in Beth Eden Baptist Church. He also preached in the evening in the same pulpit, and his sermon was considered by the hundreds that heard him to have been the best ever heard in that church. After the sermon the minister of the church declared that he was for the movement and advised his members to join it was indeed a big victory for "Gat are am Since Captain James has been here preaching and teaching on the high walls and balconies and in the homes and business places of our people, we have enrolled over thirty new members and even as I write this good news to you one of our leading young lawyers an officer in the A E I W O who saw service in France, has just retired in and says, from now on, our chief member of the U N L A. The calling of Captain Gaines makes it easy for us to increase our membership to 2,000 by springtime. Wishing for his Excellence. AISN Marcus Garvay and the Executive Council more power we are Faternally yours of D. J. JONER, Secretary T. E. SMITH, Chairman of Publicity "What Are Negroes Going to Do About It?" Asks King, Referring to Tense Politico-Economic Situation in Africa. "Surely We Can Spare Enough Time from Our Internecine Wars—from Straightening Our Hair—To Give a Thought to the Historic Land of Ethiopia" B. ARTHUR E. KING America's moral leadership of the world and her abstention from European alliances create some absurd situations; but behind these absurdities lie intrigue, war. Yet how can the world's creditor be unconcerned with the politics and policies of its debtors? The latest European move is to appeal to American conscience to stop the export of munitions to Abyssinia, because in doing so she is helping to fill the slave markets of Addis-Ababa. The European powers have bound themselves not to export arms to Abyssinia, and only our arms are available to slave raiders. Imagine the surprise and indignation of Europe seeing the land of Lincoln supporting slavery and barbarism! But behind this moral plot is a deep plot to encroach on Abysinian territory* which is not unrelated to the Economic Conference at Genoa and which is no surprise to the student of welt-politik. Ever since the death of Prince Menolik conditions in Abyssinia have been unsatisfactory, and M Blanchot painted an unlovely picture of the country in La Geographie Paris, in 1920. European conditions, however, prevented any attempt to take the matter up before now, but how can any real stability obtain in Europe with war claims still unsettled* So before the Genoa Conference takes place, Italy—whose Pyrrhaean victory and chagirn at the expansion of Greece in Asia Minor tend to create a dangerous Mediterranean situation for England—must be appeased by allowing her to cash in on the secret treaty signed by Britain, France, Russia and Italy at London on April 26, 1915. One of the clauses of this treaty nuds as follows: "Should France and Great Britain extend their colonial possessions in Africa at the expense of Germany they will admit in principle Italy's right to demand certain compensation by way of an extension of her possession in Eritrea, Somalia and Libya." L. S. Woolf in his book, "Commerce and Empire in Africa," commenting on this, says: "The meaning of this clause is not entirely clear, but Eritrea and Somalia adopt Abyssinia, and the only extension which in the past Italy has aimed at would have been at the expense of Abyssinia. Anyone who recalls the history of the European state in Africa will feel some doubt as to whether Italy's compensation may not be found within Abyssinian territory. For the Emperor Menelik is dead, and the beliefs and desires of economic imperialism still live in Africa." The scrap of paper which Britain, France and Italy signed on July 6, 1908, to respect Abbasian territory will be thrown into the discard, and peace in Europe will be maintained at the expense of one of the oldest, if not the oldest, of non-European governments. But Italy may get even with Abbasia for the defeat she sustained at Adowa on March 1, 1908, but what does she hope to obtain in real benefit? France controls Abbasia's only railroad, and the port of Jibut, in French Somaliland, is its terminus. England controls the Bank of Abbasia, and the descendants of the Queen of Shoba and Moneik are not by any means docile. She may send a few thousand hungry Italianese, but the cost of maintaining an army of occupation will far outweigh any tangible gains, for England will use her as a catawan and get the traina. And what does Italy want with colonies she is unable to develop? She has neither coal nor iron to do any developing of the country; she has neither capital nor the kind of technicians able to cope with the problems involved. It is quite likely that the European powers want to be sure that no struggle takes place, so they become concerned overnight with slavery. They remember that Adowa was won through the sale of French arms to Menelik, and are taking no chances of a struggle. The occupation must be swift and sure. But why send out a long story of slavery, etc? They have no guns; they have the men. Why bring America into the deal? America is having the time of her life with Britain over difficulties of bringing cotton from Egypt in her own ships and sending her oil to the West Coast of Africa in American bottoms. In Liberia a big sight is in progress between English and American banking interests, and in the Congo the situation over copper is not at all pleasant. If Europe persists in occupying abyssinia let her do it frankly, without any moral appeal to America. But why ask us to save their faces and supply the credit to carry out their schemes? What are Negroes going to do about it? Surely we can spare through time from our internecine warms from writing histories of the Negro church, from straightening our bale by the fifty-seven varieties, from compassers lutes and from fantastic parades, to give it thought to the historic land of Ethiopia. AFRICA ANSWERS CYRIL BRIGGS Mr. Thomas of West Africa, Sends Open Letter to Editor of the "Crusader" Mr. Cyril V. Briggs 2299 Seventh Avenue New York City New York, I. B. A December 16, 1921 Dear Mr. Briggs I have been favored with a copy of your paper the Crusader," for October which apparently is the official organ of the African Blood Brotherhood This issue was specially devoted to an attack on Marcus Garvey criticising the financial report of the U N I A branding the members of the Executive Council as being incompetent and criticizing the management of the Black Star Line and other business enterprises of the above association. Criticisms that are fair and constructive similar to that made by Mr. Domingo in this issue in reference to the financial report I think should be encouraged as such criticism may lead to better management of the business involved in the economic program of the U N I A The other attacks. I am convinced after careful reading have been fostered by selfishness and grudge because you could not get Mr Garvey to see through your own spectacles as to the program by which you think you could make possible the redemption of Africa. If "political politics," as outlined by you in your A. B. B. paper, were to be included in Garvey's program for the race, then I would advise Africans to hands off" the U. N. I. A. But since Mr. Garvey and 'associates were so keen as to have put a brake on your wheels of "political politics," I am grateful to them now and always that they are endeavoring to do their utmost in upholding the principles of the U. N. L. A. I understand that you are the Executive Head of the African Blood Brotherhood organized by you to protect Negroes all over the world. May I ask, Mr. Brigge, what had prevented your bringing forward the A. B. B concern before Mr Garvey launched out his noble idea of a Universal Negro Improvement Association? Who is responsible for the tuition now that the idea of a universal program is so stringent in you as to have resulted in the formation 'a Universal African Blood Brotherhood? The program of the U N I A. comprises all that the Negro needs. Its teaching has inspired confidence in the Negro as to the future of his race. Other Negro movements do not extend their program beyond the limit of their respective local requirements while the U. N I A. has bred right forward a universal program and is recognized as the first in the field in this respect. Therefore, to Mr Garvey all other leaders should "hats off" instead of fighting against him. Mr. Garvey has done his part by giving the Negro the universal program which he (Garvey) has already put into action. This alone has created for him our reverence and admiration. It is now left with us, including yourself, to see the program carried through-not by destructive but constructive criticisms and by our moral and financial supports. Mr Garvey is human and therefore liable to mastakes as any human being, to be white, yellow or brown. The Black Star Line, Negro factories, the Pioneer Company (now working in Liberia), the purchase of a saw mill, the erection of buildings as headquarters of the association are examples to us showing what the Negro can do if led by a capable, zealous, honest and patriotic leader. You mentioned that Mr. Garvey has committed treason in repudiating social equality for the race. It has been proved now and again that the door of social equality would never be opened to the race so long as we are dependent on the white race and lacking in the principle forces by which that door could be opened. This is quite true and there is no getting away from it. Marous Garvey would be equally as glad as yourself should the demand be granted the race tomorrow. But he sees the impossibility of the demand and consequently does not want to play the fool in asking for the race a thing that will never be given. If you were to place Negroes on top of every skyscraper in the United States shouting for social equality your dream could never be realized; not even the existence of a thousand years campaign of the bloodiest of African Blood Brotherhood. This can only be realised when, by united efforts, we can build factories, control steamship lines, railways, banks, etc., not in America but in Africa, our home. Yours for the race. II. OLKOHEI THOMAS Upper Hiley Road. Frostburg, Sierra Leone. THE NEGRO WORLD. SATURDAY. JANUARY 28, 1922 EMANCIPATION DAY AT HAMPTON INSTITUTE "New Day Is Dawning in Race Relations," Declares Dr. J. E. Shepard HAMITON Va. Jan 6 - Two thousand colored men women and children of the Lower Peninsula of Virginia celebrated the fifty until anniversary of Emancipation Day by holding public exercises in Ogden Hall, Hampton Institute, under the auspices of the Elizabeth City County Emancipation Association of which C. H. Henderson is president Dr James P. Gregg in his address of welcome declare, that it was appropriate to link up the thought of freedom with the thought of education "A school he said. Is a peculiarly appropriate place for the communication of the end of slavery and the beginning of full legal freedom—intellectual freedom, deliverance from the bondage of superstition and ignorance, moral freedom deliverance from all the habits which entail and enslave a man and keep him from being his best and truest self Dr Gregg added. "Hampton Institute belongs to the colored people. It is devoted to serving them and to serving the young people of the Indian race. All that Hampton has is given freely for the enrichment and the upbuilding of its young men and women and through them to the blessings of the races which they represent Community Center Will Be Bought Major Allen Washington, commandant of cadets at Hampton Institute, in introducing the speaker of the day, Dr James E. Shipard president of the National Training School at Norrham, N.C. urged the colored people to purchase and support the local community center so that their boys and girls may have a place for wholesome recreation. Major Washington impressed upon his hearers the importance of present action. He declared that procrastination would be a great calamity to the community; it would mean the loss of a community center three times as valuable as the price which the colored people are called on to pay. J M Pollard, of the National Headquarters of Community Service Inc., made an appeal to the people to contribute to the fund for the purchase of the local Hampton community house. He referred to the work of (this colored people) In Dayton a population of 9,600 recently gave $15,000 for a community center, in Cleveland 35,000 gave $40,000, and in Columbus colored people gave $18,000. The Emancipation Day program included singing of America by the audience, invocation by Rev J T Johnson of Hamptun "O: Freedom" sung by the audience, reading of the Emancipation Proclamation by Miss Lucy C Harrow of Phoebus address, "The Essentials of a Democracy, by Arthur J Davis, a Hampton Institute student emphasizing "respect for law, education and intelligence, physical and moral courage, deep spiritual life and high Christian ideals, which are possessed by Negroes," "Soldiers of Freedom." Hampton Gloe Club, "Negro National Hymn," words by James Weldon Johnson and music by Rosamond Johnson, sung by Phoebus Gloe Club, and benediction, Rev John H Gray of Hampton. Dr Shepard, in his address on "The Possibilities and Reasoning res of American Citizenship" paid a tribute to General R. C. Armstrong who founded Hampton Institute, to Dr H. B Frissell, his successor and to the present principal Dr Shepard's mother was a product of Hampton Institute "The part that Hampton Institute has played in all phases of American life for the perpetuation of the spirit of free institutions." declared Dr Shepard, "is convincing proof of the fact that not a dollar which has been spent for or on the institution has been wasted, but that it will repay to the donors more than a thousandfold. The millions of dollars which have already been expended for its existence would not have been wasted if it had turned out only Booker T. Washington, who put a new emphasis and therefore a new glory upon labor. It has also produced Dr. Robert R. Moton, a safe conservative, strong friend and counselor. Negroas Make Progress "Negroes in the United States today have 600,000 homes and 260,000 farms, valued at $750,000,000, operate 74 banks, 2 fire insurance companies and a number of industrial life insurance companies. Negroes have over 50,000 business establishments and have accumulated wealth to the amount of $1200,000,000. They have 25,000 public school teachers and over 2,000,000 children attending public schools. Seven hundred young colored men and women have been graduated from our highest colleges an universities. Negroes have 43,000 churches and church property valued at more than $88,000,000. These figures show the possibilities of the race in America. "I am not here to say that the race has had a fair show in the race of life, but there is growing up in the Southland a large group of people who are seeking to give to the race a larger share of the blessings of life and of the rights of life—the things to which they are entitled and which they will eventually come into if they patiently wait and work and acquire education and serve God as their fathers did. Let us encourage this feeling of love. Men and women, whatever the differences have been, whatever the prejudices or the limitations or headaches or injustices, teach men to love, and the love which you teach will some day come back to you. Let us not encourage any feeling of resentment or any feeling of suspicion, for there is growing up in the Southland and in the Northland and in the East; and in the West a large group of Christian white men and women who know that the Negro has not had a chance and who are determined to give the Negro race a chance to advance." BRUCE GRIT'S COLUMN The OLD RELIABLE REMEDY for COLDs Breaks OLDs in 24 hours La Gripe in 3 Days CASCADE QUININE World's Standard For Two Generations QUICKLY to take effect—the cold and most displeasing remedy for Blood cold, Cold and in Cough. Never be without Kid's C. B. Q. Tubicin flesh them hands—prevent illness by taking Grap at the first sign of a Cold or Encephalite. Kid's Cocaine Brevile Quinine Tubicin are pleasant to take and to art. He had no two effects. No "land scion." Balanced every member of the family against winter complications. Diamond red has been the Kid's portrait and signature. At All Drugs—30 Cents in 10 mL, company, Worcester, MA. In a little book of Sechuan Proverbs compiled by our friend, Sol T Platiae, of Kimberly. South Africa, we find this "Choe oga di coane, choe cone pia coama," which reduced to English is. Whites never fall out, only blacks do." We take issue with the author of this proverb to say that it is, in my opinion, inaccurate, in that whites do fall out, but not as violently and savagely as blacks. They do not publish to the world as we sometimes do, their grievances against each other. They fall out among themselves and fight like tigers, which some of them are and then settle their difference like gentlemen. They do not expose each other to public ridicule and derision when they fall out—they keep ever before, the fallacious idea that the white race is the superior race and, therefore, it must not act before alien races in an unseemly manner when differences of opinion exist among them if they fight among themselves there are always two or three versions as to its cause if news of the fight comes to the ears of the public Bome of them hate each other as badly as we do when we fall out, but they will not discredit each other to outsiders Their falling out is a family affair, and some times they kiss and make up We could profit greatly if we followed the example of the white man in this respect, then he wouldn't know so much about our business. FACT8 The difference between a statement and a fact is that one is and the other is. A fact is always buttreated by sufficient proof when stated as a fact to give it a respectable hearing and standing in court when its accuracy is called into question. A mere statement printed or oral has not the advantage or weight. It may or it may not be the exact truth as is a fact known to the reactor and supported by tangible evidences of its accuracy, and truthfulness. A statement may, and usually does lack some essential ingredient to give it the force, which is presented by a fact which can stand the test anywhere or at any time. If, for instance, a man who has never visited Alaska should state that the climate of Alaska is as temperate as that of Florida, and one who has lived there should, on the contrary state as a fact that the climate of Alaska is cooler more continuously colder than that of any portion of the United States, and prove it by the weather reports as well as by his own personal knowledge from having lived in Alaska, we would have to accept his statement as a fact borne out by evidence quite unimpeachable. Moral. We do not make damaging statements at out others unless you have the evidences, and always be certain that you have the evidence in its completeness. --- Is the life of the Negro porter who was killed recently as we understand it while acting as the bodyguard of his employer while the latter was collecting his rents and was set upon by two hold-up men, less valuable than that of the two white detectives who were shot by the man Hoddy, while they were escorting him to the police station. We understand from the daily and weekly papers that the police authorities have had it two photos of Hoddy made, have notified the police authorities of all cities, and employed all other agencies known to them, for the purpose of apprehending this black man who killed two members of the detective force, and we have also noted that certain statements have been made, whether authorized by the Police Department or not, that Hoddy is captured, he may be clubbed to death or lynched. This latter statement, we apprehend, is born of the sensational press which uses red and green ink for its headlines. What we are anxious to learn is, why is all this activity, on the part of the Police Department to catch the murderer they are now seeking, while not a title of interest is shown by the Police Department, so far as we know in the capture of the murderer of this Negro porter acting as bodyguard for his white employer? Again we ask is the life of a white man more valuable in the eyes of the Police Department than that of a black? If so, why? We think Senator Borah who is a good lawyer, made a telling point against the seating of Senator Truman H Newbury, of Michigan, whose title to the certificate of election as a Senator, is said to be tainted because of the alleged corrupt use of money in the election which left the result in doubt as to whether Henry Ford or Mr Truman H Newbury was the choice of the voters of that State. Two very capacious pocket books were opened to that contest, and it appears that the Newbury purse was the larger. His friends seem to have secured, by liberal use of the contents of the Newbury purse questionable victory for their candidate who was given the seat in the Senate, which he is now en- demoving to retain for the full term His opponents claim that it was procured by the corrupt use of money, and that, therefore, his seat should be declared vacant. The argument against Senator Newbury's retention of the seat seems reasonable. If, as his opponent claims, he has obtained his seat in the Senate by corrupt methods, even though he was as he avenir, ignorant that his agents were engaged in these practices to put him over, he is quite as guilty as they because it is a principle of the law that the principal is responsible for the acts of the agent. We are unable to see how Senator Newbury can escape the responsibility which the acts of his agents have imposed upon him, or why the Senate should permit him to retain his seat if the charges alleged against him can be supported. It would be a bad precedent for the Senate to establish, to seat any man in that body who has purchased his seat in the open market as it is claimed he has done. We hope he can disprove the charges. J E B. THE PASSING OF MISS LAURA E. WILKES The passing of Miss Laura E Wilkes will cause widespread regret and sorrow by many hundreds who knew her as teacher historical student and author. She also summed to an operation at the Freedman's Hospital, Howard University. Luneral services were held at St Luke's Protestant Episcopal church of which she was a faithful member. For well righ thirty years, Miss Wilkes had been a faithful teacher in the Washington Public Schools work (and a stint (finally). In recent work in the field of Negro history she had at least a deftiation and recognition by not only the corps here at Washington but among teachers throughout the country, especially at the South who had seen her at Hampden, Greensburg and Tuskegee, and had attended enthusiastically to her recital applauding her work and purchasing her publications. Her demise sudden as it is, should call to serve others to emulate her example in all the fields wherein she had wrought with such noted distinction. Miss Laura E. Wilkes, who died at the Friar Club, Hospital Washing on DC on the sixth inst., was an independent and conscientious worker for the advancement of the race and her two books, Missing Lages from American History, and "The Life of Frederick Douglas" arranged for use in the public schools, the latter accepted as a text book in the colored schools of the District of Columbia, are a monument to her race pride, and a tribute to her genius as a researcher and writer who was a splendid tribute of the educated and refined and cultured women of her race, and her usefulness on the firing line will be missed for many years to come. We had a high personal regard for Miss Wilkes, and we extend to her sorrowing relatives our deepest sympathy in the loss which they and the whole race has sustained in her untimely death. May the angels wail her spirit home. J E BRUCE. man affairs is God, hence they fail In the vocabulary of the U N I A there is no such word as FAIL. "There is no crime so bad that lynching for it is not worse. Lincoln The only form of government which affords equal opportunities to the masses as well as the classes is a democratic form of government in which the people through the exercise of the suffrage elect those who are to rule over them. Demos, to rule, certos, the people, means rule by the people through representatives chosen by them to interpret and express the will of the people in the government of the land or country in which they reside. The United States is said to be a democratic or representative country in which the voice of the people is the law of the land. BRUCE GRIT TO JONATHAN We don't want to fight, but by jingo, if we do We have the men, we have the ships And we have the money too' Well Jonathan where's the money? we need it BRUCE GRIT YOUNG MEN AND WOMEN EARN Bookkeeping. Shorthand and Type- writing. Pittman system touch typewrit- ing. Taught every evening. Equip your selves for bigger business. Great demand for stenographer. Become a student of the clas. Special rates. Job work done also at short notice. Call or write E A Miller 132 West 130th Street, care of Marka. UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION BORROWING $2,000,000 To Start Building a Nation for the Negro Peoples of the World READ ABOUT IT AND HELP WITH A LOAN Factories, Mills, Educational Institutions, Churches, Theatres, Railroads, Docks and Farms have to be built in Liberia to help that great Negro country BY THE Universal Negro Improvement Association --- ALL NEGROES ARE BELAYED BY BLOOD All the Negroes to America, Canada, the West Indies, South and East descendants of the native Africans who were robbed from Africa are again. All of us were taken into this Western world to work on a hard job. We were then developed a civilization that has become those world at large acknowledges the intellectual worth of the present African people. The Negroes with a civilization that he understands and is able can does apply himself. He is arguing a change. The political boundary is being readjusted, and in this readjustment every Race is endangered sufficiently secure as to protect its own integrity. Hence, the Irish. Poland for the Poles, Palestine for the Jews. All the Negroes in America, Canada, the West indies, South and Central America, are descendants of the native African who were robbed from Africa three hundred years ago. In the past, the Negroes were in contact with the white man's civilization, which period of time we came in contact with the white man's civilization. One of this contact, we have developed a civilization that has become the present-day Negro. The present generation of Negroes is far removed from the slaves of one hundred years ago. The Negro mixes with a civilization that he understands and is able to cope with. Today the world is undergoing a change the political boundaries of humanity are being redefined, and in this readjustment every Race is endearing to find a home sufficiently secure to protect its own integrity. Hence, the cry of Ireland for the Irish. Ireland for the Poles, Palestine for the Jews. AFRICA FOR THE AFRICANS The Universal Negro Improvement Association—the greatest Negro organization in the world—is now making the cry of Africa for the African those at home and those abroad who were torn apart by the war. The young age and work force is being numbered among the civilized peoples of the world. CIVILIZED NEGRO MUST FOUND A GOVERNMENT With the civilization of the Western Negro, we must found a Government of our own, a frater and tutor, and to teach us which the Race may shine out as an ethic of noble principles of life. STRONG COMMERCIAL STATE IN LIBERIA The Universal Negro Improvement Association has laid its plans for the repopulation of Africa by first building up a strong industrial and commercial state in West Africa. After a war was established on the island of Angola, the Negro population was depopulated by adi-colored people. The President and entire government are colored. EDUCATE NATIVE TRIBES It is now therefore for American, West Indian, South and Central and help to Build Liberty Loans in the Universal Negro Improvement Society to Build Liberty Loans in the Universal Negro Improvement Society to educate all the Native Americans to the higher principles of self-government. Buy a Construction Loan for $20, $40, $60, $80, $100, $200, $400, $600, $800, $1,000, at a per cent interest annually. Loan it for re- It is now therefore for American, West Indian, South and Central American and Canadian an Negro to buy Liberty Loans in the Universal Negro Improvement Association and help to build up Liberia in the war and to power all of the Native Tribes of Africa in the higher principles of self government. Buy a construction loan for $80. $30. $40. $50. $100. $200. $400. $600. $800. $1000. $1,000, at a per cent interest annually. Loan it for l. & k. & l or 10 years. WHY YOU SHOULD SUBSCRIBE FOR BONDS Each and every Negro should subscribe to the Loans of the Universal Negro Improvement Association for its constructive work in Liberia, because the Negro is the most important of the schools and colleges must be built for the higher training of the populace and for the present and future generations of Negroes who will settle in Liberia. (3) Churchmen must be built for the purpose of finding employment for the millions who will repatriate themselves to the grand old country. (4) Dutchmen must be built for the purpose of finding employment for the millions who will repatriate themselves to the grand old country. (5) Dutchmen must be built for the purpose of finding employment for the millions who will repatriate themselves to the grand old country. (6) Parmes must be laid out for the agricultural development of the country. (7) the coal, silver and gold mines of Liberia must be exploited for their baskets. (8) Government must be responsible for the respect of the world. REASONS WHY YOU SHOULD SUBSCRIBE FOR A LOAN All the members of the Race who subscribe for a Loan of from $80 to $100 will receive the Bronze Cross of African Redemption. All of those who subscribe for a Loan of from $100 to $500 will receive the Silver Cross of African Redemption. And all of those who subscribe for a Loan of from $500 to $1,000 will receive the Gold Cross of African Redemption. GOLD CROSS OF AFRICAN REDEMPTION The Gold Cross of African Redemption will be to Negroes what the England has been to Englishmen and the Iron Cross of Germany is to Germans. There can be no excuse for each and every Negro not suppose Negro Improvement Association. If you are a member of this great organization, send in immil- several Negro Improvement Association, $6 Wear 135th Street, New R A, and ask for a Universal Liberal Construction Loan in an ounce. With very best wishes, Yours Faithfully, UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIAT The Gold Cross of African Redemption will be to Negroes what the Victoria Cross of England has been to Englishmen and the Iron Cross of Germany has been to the Germans. There can be no excuse for Negroes not supporting the U.S. veterans' organization Construction Loan. If you are a member of this great Organization, send in immediately to the Universal Negro Improvement Association, 64 West 138th Street, New York, N. Y. U. A. and ask for a Universal Liberian Construction Loan in any of the above organizations. THE HOUR FOR UNIVERSAL ACTIVITY The house has altruism for universal activity among the Negro people is for them now to concentrate on the building up of a great industry of no use for the Negro to continue to depend on the good greatness of the world, because we are now living in a selfish, materially easy Race is looking out for itself. ALL NEGRO PEOPLE SHOULD UNITE THEIR FORCES. Because of the security of all that tends to human happiness and a better life for all, the Negro has the right to institutions of his own. The world is large enough for him to live all other places. Africa now opens up a golden field of opportunities every progressive Negro who deserves his own advancement. The hour has struck for universal activity among the Negro peoples of the world, it is for them now to concentrate on the upbringing of our own children, to do their own work, to do their own good of the world, to race the world, because we are now living in a selfish, material age when each and every Race is looking out for itself. ALL NEGRO PEOPLE SHOULD UNTIE THEIR FORCES Because of the security of all that needs to sustain industries and urban conflicts, the Negro people need to build an industrial plant and institutions of his own. The world is large enough for him to operate it, and he needs to have an opportunity for earn and every progressive Negro who desires his own advancement. GREAT INDUSTRIAL PLANTS AND INSTITUTIONS All the Negro people of the United States of America, the West in the North America and Canada should unite their forces and support the improvement Association a Construction Loan for the building up of Liberia can at least boast of one great State to protect him what he has done and what he has done in the part of the world. Let us have a great Government. Let us help to build it. Now, and every Negro to pledge his labor, his wealth and his education up of a great country of his own. The Universal Negro Improvement Association as you know, the Construction Loan. By supporting the Loan of $2,000 000 we will be able to report such progress in Liberia as to make such and so great feel glad in every part of the world. Write to the Universal Negro Improvement Association, 50 West 11th Street, New York, N. Y. 1, 0. S. A. All the Negro people of the United States of America, the West Indian South and North, are members of the Negro community. We are the Negro Improvement Association's construction Loan for the building up of Liberia so that the Negro can at least boost of one great State able to protect him whether he lives in Liberia or not. We are the Negro Improvement Association's construction Loan for the building up of Liberia so that the Negro can at least boost of one great State able to protect him whether he lives in Liberia or not. Let us have a great Government. Let us help to build it. Now is the time for us to build it. Let us have a great Government. Let us help to build it. Now is the time for each and every Negro to pledge his labor, his wealth and his education for the building up of a great country of his own. The Universal Negro Improvement Association asks you, therefore, to support this Construction Association in your efforts to build a better country. A couple of months to report such progress in Liberia as to make each and every Negro heart feel glad in every part of the world. Write to the Universal Negro Improvement Association, 50 West 125th Street, New York, M. Y. U. S. A. If you desire Liberty you will subscribe for a Loan. P. 6.—Your money in the bank need by another man in his own bank per year, but your money in the hands of your own organization and giving it in your own interest, will help you to become economically literate. You will be able to make more money in the bank than you have their money in the banks of other men, then those banks will raise that money to build up themselves, and the Negro whose money is just as poorly as you have their money in the banks of other men. NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION what are you for the betterment of yourself and for the building up of a matter permitting for the Loan send cheques or money orders if possible. CUT OFF AND MAIL SUBSCRIPTION BLANK varial Negro Improvement Association. 46 West 114th Street New York, N. Y. 10014 P. 6.—Your money in the bank used by another man in his own business will get help you, but your money in the hands of your own organization and your own race, using it in your own interest, will help you to become economically independent and help you to have your own race. The Negroes, the world and to have their money in the banks of other races, then helped the Negro whose money is used would be just as poorly off as he was before he ledged his money in the bank. He would be the UNIVISUAL. NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION and what aspirin cash you would be as poorly off as he was before he ledged his money in the bank. In resuming for the Lena seed or money or order I possible. A PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY OF NEGRO LEADERSHIP—BOOKER WASHINGTON. IN REVIEW—MARCUS GARVEY, THE LIBERATOR BY J. JACKSON TILFORD, Chicago Since science has so well proven that heredity and environment are the two greatest forces of life which create and reflect the emotions, conduct and acts of mankind, it would no doubt be wise in studying the leadership of Booker Washington to first inquire into his early life and environment. Moreover, the one great force of life as regards Washington, can readily be disposed of, as it merely played its part in the life of Washington through the germinal process of inherited characteristics of progenitors or ancestors, immediate or many centuries back, which endowed him with that mentality for industrial leadership for Negroes which he so eagerly and successfully employed. Now let us study the environment antes which Booker Washington lived and in conjunction with the power of heredity propelled him to such lofty heights. All living things, from the lower animals to the highest, are propelled through life by these two great psychological forces, one acting upon the other, inseparable, and both, not either, make the man. Booker Washington was born a slave, of slave parents it is assumed, at Franklin County, Virginia, at about the year of 1858. His early life will not necessarily be essential for this particular study, while not unheavenful but insignificant. As Washington grew to manhood and realised the condition of himself and his people and noted the transitional campanage from chateau slavery to economic and wage slavery, after having served their masters for two and a half centuries and suffered untold miseries and ruilities, it was here that he began to apply the innate characteristic of heredity, to the acquired condition of Negro environment. Now let us study awhile what this condition and environment of Negroes was that gave rise to the idea of industrial training for Negro youth and crystallized the birth of Tuskegee Institute. After the close of the Civil War, that great economic riot between the North and the South, caused in the main, by two existing systems of labor under the same government, that of free labor, and slave labor, which cannot possibly exist under a system of competition any more than two flags could under the same government, as was demonstrated by the attempt made by the Southern Confederacy to host the Confederate flag which went down in urban areas. The result of the master class riot gave freedom to the Negro, that is seemingly so, not so much for the reason that is taught and generally accepted, that it was purely humanitarian, or for any special respect that whites had for blacks, to save the economic system and economic life of the union, which was the paramount issue throughout the entire struggle. After the Emancipation Proclamation was aligned by the Emancipator, and Negroes granted their freedom, he was no longer compelled to serve a certain master by virtue of ownership, but he was cast adrift on the sea of uncertainty and hostility, to look for a new master and sell his labor power for whatever the employer or explorer deemed fit to pay, in form of wages that enabled him to buy food, clothing and shelter, and the necessities of life, to enable him to maintain the health to continue the endless toll. Booker Washington looked on and saw the deplorable condition of the unutored Negro, both of the present age and the future to com- The change from chattel slavery to wage slavery was not a great change for the betterment of the masses of unskilled and unutored Negroes, as many believed (true, there is nothing so unthinkable as human slavery), but when you consider that the Negro was totally unprepared for this change, a deprised group turned out with a hostile and unwelcome citizenry with nothing to depend on for the necessities of life except labor power, in competition with more favored white brother, as well as an irresistible barrage of prejudice to handle him, put him face to face with an economic obstruction that has not been surmounted even unto this late day. Washington, conscious of this condition, analyzed the environment and set out to industrialize the Negro, to make him a capable artisan, through industrial training, thinking perhaps would solve or at least alleviate the economic condition of the Negro. It will be needless for me to call our attention to the fact that after the wonderful work that has been ac- complished by Tuskegee, the great body of capable artisans and workmen they have turned out masters in their line. The economic problem of Negroooks as dark today as it is still the job of Washington in the early days when he went forth to his plans for Tuskegee. Their is a mistaken idea among many people that Washington was a great leader and if I understand the term and the meaning of race leaders in its trust sense, it was simply an honor bestowed upon him by white people and, of course, accepted by black people as they usually do about most anything the white man says regardless of consideration. This has been and is a psychological trait of many Negroes, who have not been able to discard the White psychology that has been trained into them for three centuries. It is true that Washington has done the best of because Washington did live and do, and I would not willfully offer any destructive criticism against a man like Washington, but the school that accepted Washington as a race leader must be thoroughly convinced by now that such was not the case of Washington, and those who think he was, should there be any, I must say in order to be true to my own convictions, as a race leader. 1. such he claimed to be, he was an utter failure. Washington was a doer; he had the power of organization; and acted upon this power and mentality and accomplished a great task. Washington originated and organized an industrial school, and a successful one, but a school and a scattered race of N-groes ary not one and the same thing. You do not or cannot solve the problems of the Negro in its entirety by teaching him to work, or to teach, or to sing and to preach. We do all these things wonderfully well now and have been doing them for a long, long while; but the status of the Negro remains the same or worse in human society because of the fact that he has not done the one thing that he has done and that is to organise his own government* and secure for himself the respect and honor that come to other races because of their organized strength. A man who leads a race of people environed as re the Negro people of this country—or this world, for that matter—must be a man made up of a combination of forces, which Booker T. Washington lacked very pronounced. In the Atlanta compromise, when Washington, speaking for the millions of Negroes of this country, stated, "All things purely social, two classes and yet one as the hand in all things essential to human progress," he lacked the very first principle of true Negro leadership, namely, the principle of manhood. The question of social equality or social freedom does not resolve itself into a question of whether or not a black man or woman cares to associate with a white man or woman; but compromising the status of the race, as Washington did in this remark, merely invites and accepts the stigma of inferiority which the whites have been so persistent in trying to teach the Negro and the outside world. This statement alone, even if he had never made another so detrimental to the proud race of Negroes, was enough to disqualify him perfectly and to demonstrate plainly his lack of manhood, which must be dominant in any race of respected status. Slave psychology was still dominant in convolutions of his brain when he asked him to give up seeking political power, insistence on civil rights and higher education for Negro youth. The industrialist showed plainly that he accepted the doctrine of inferiority and should not have been allowed to make another public speech as the mouthpiece of Negro thought and Negro intellect True enough, political power, in so far as it has been developed among Negroes, has not done the masses any material good. Political power has furnished just another angle for confusion of Negro leadership. Negroes in the mass are prone to think that Negro politicians are Negro leaders up for their special benefit and welfare. Nothing is farther from the truth. Negro politicians go into politics for the same reasons that white politicians do, not for what they can do or will do for you, but for what they will do for someone else who is doing you. The politician axerts every energy to give votes and get into office, often going to the ultra extremity of spending money on political campaigns than the money office. There is a vast distinction between the politician and the statesman, of which the Negro race have had so few, Men like Toussaint, Douglass and Marcus Garvey are statesman, and men who desired and desire to do something for oppressed people, while a politician is a man who wishes people to do something for him. Booker Washington did a great work in his chosen line, as great and greater than many men who had better chances and better opportunities, but the title of race leader that was thrust upon the late Washington by whites who realised he was turning out artisans to exploit, and by the general consensus opinion does not conform truthfully with his work and the thoughts of Washington. His name is immortalized by the present generation, and will be reverenced by generations to come, as a great bandfather toward the development of his race. As he closed his eyes in peaceful THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, JANUARY 20, 1922 sleep on that Sunday morning in 1915 at Tuskegee, his last conscious thoughts must have reviewed the life work of his career, and it surely must have given him great compulsion in realizing that his life had been spent, not selubly in amazing a great fortune, nor living in great luxury and splendor, nor ignoring the condition of his less tortured brother and sister by assuming an arrogant attitude, but his had been a life of real service to the oppressed Negro. A life that had been devoted to the elevation of the man who needed assistance most, and to the development of useful man and woman to contribute to human society their share of industry and service. And so ended the existence of a conscious life well spent. Nature under the propelling force of environment, the psychological phenomenon that is ever present, creates in the brain of man, mental courage, will power and the vision to do things as directed at the psychological time, brought forth to the confused and lost race, a leader, a real leader, not a specialist along some certain avenue of human endeavor, but a leader charged with that combination of life forces, to point the way and guide the destiny of not only Negroes of America, but of Negroes here, there and everywhere, to gather up the scattered forces of Negroes of every illum, and weld them into a Negro nationality and a Negro world. A man stated with the qualities of real leadership; a statesman with profound intelligence, unwieldy courage, indomitable will, uncompromising manhood, a clear vision, and a head brimming full of Negro psychology. So it is to Mother Nature and environment that Negroes owe their gratitude for such a man as Garvey, though it took five centuries to evolve this little combination of matter, so powerful, so forceful, so courageous and wise, that lodged in the head of Marcus Garvey and sent *n* out as librator of his people. Natural laws work so *y* but exceeding well. HAMPTON, Va. Jan. 6.—The construction statistics of the Rosenwald rural schools through December 31, 1921, are available and may be summarized as follows: 1:126 school buildings, utilizing the services of 2,578 teachers, have been built at a cost of $6,835,000. Of this amount Negroes contributed $1,024,587; $1,700,683; and Julius Rosenwald, of Chicago, $867,920. Classified by types, the buildings include 338—teacher schools; 429—teacher schools; 170—three-teacher schools; 601 four-teacher schools; 55-five-teacher schools; 41 sx-teacher school and 11 teachers' homes. By ales the number of Rosenwald rural schools follows: Alabama; 228; Arkansas; 48; Georgia; 60; Kentucky; 52; Louisiana; 124; Maryland; 14; Mississippi; 119; North Carolina; 156; Oklahoma; 12; South Carolina; 70; Tennessee; 108; Texas, 42, and Virginia; 97. In 1912, on his fifteenth birthday, Julius Rosenwald contributed $2,500 to Tuskegee institute, to be distributed among such offshoots of Tuskegee as Dr Booker T. Washington should designate. Of this amount Doctor Washington asked permission to use $2,100 for an experiment building in Alabama six rural schools for Negroes who had to raise in each community an amount equal to or larger than the $300 assigned as Rosenwald aid. The campaigns for constructing these rural schools were developed wide-spread co-operation between white and colored citizens in thirteenth Southern States. NEW YORK URBAN LEAGUE NOTES At the annual meeting of the league Wednesday, January 11, Miss C. C. Miller, secretary of the Joint Committee on Welfare Agencies, who has been conducting a study for the Five Chambers of Commerce, reported on the finding of this committee—the need for a council of agencies in New York city, and a greater co-ordination of effort. Miss Elizabeth Welton, who has served as chairman for four years, offered her resignation, and the Committee on Nominations, composed of members of the Alberghen Alberghen R. Reed and Mrs. Albert J. Endman, recommended that the vice-chairman, E. P. Roberts serve until a chairman is elected to fill the vacancy. Officers for the ensuing year were elected as follows: E P. Roberts, acting chairman; Mrs. Emmet Holt, Jr.; secretary; A. S. Prissell, treasurer. The Finance Committee includes: Benl T. Withears, John E. Nall, Fred R. More, Mrs. Louis A. Corbina, Mrs. Arthur C. Holden, Harry H. Pace, E. P. Roberts, Miss Elizabeth Walton, L. Hollingsworth Wood. A lecture course on Social Hygiene held annually in co-operation with the American Social Hygien. Association, begins Wednesday, February 8. Social workers and others who are interested should register at the Urban League office. T. A. Central Emergency Committee in co-operation with a special committee formed to aid the family of Charles Johnson, sanitor, killed in a back-up, at 161 West 150th street. It was found upon investigation that the widow and six children were in distress criminal status. BY HODGE' KIRNAN I have already contributed two articles to the Negro World on "Marcos Garvey" and "Garverism." Now, for a few thoughts on the Universal Negro Improvement Association. The U. N. L. A. in its final analysis is the substantial expression of the ideas and visions of Marcos Garvey—that is, the personality of Garvey. Whatever is the primary recognition as the origin growth of the ideas, convictions and persistent and energetic activities of Garvey. The U. N. P. A. was founded by Garvey in the spring or early summer of 1818. There is no indication that Garvey meant it to be anything more than a fraternal order. In the preamble to the "Constitution and Book of Law," and in Article 1, Section 8, we find confirmation of this view. An association of Negro people with the redemption of Africa as its ideal and "Africa for the Africans" as a slogan seemed entirely foreign to Garvey's mind at the time. True, they have become the cardinal and distinctive features of the movement; also the shaping and inspiring forces to both its numerical and spiritual growth; but at the same time they were simply the outcome of a broader perspective which Garvey had gained in the course of time; aided in all probability by his native keenness and shrewdness which permitted him to see their effectiveness at the time. In the articles already mentioned, I took occasion to point out some of the movement upon the race. I quote from them the following. Not only has he (Garvey) engineered business enterprises, but he has intensified the spirit toward race patronage. He has quickened the racial consciousness to the greatest extent. Along this line he has accomplished a lasting benefit. His activities have been responsible for the breakdown of the petty, narrow, conservative, individualistic and provincial spirit which was once dominant among our people. In place of these vices, a more liberal, radical, co-operative and cosmopolitan attitude has taken the ascendency. Last, but not least, the Garvey agitation pertaining to Africh and the Africans and matters of culture was emphasized as was never known before. . . . Garveyism has accounted for a period in the intellectual life of the race that might well be called the "Negro Renalissance." (I think that the U. N. I. A. can also lay claim to the achievement of Garvey and Garveyism. The first really worth-worth while achievement of the U. N. I. A. was its publication of the "Negro World", its weekly organ. It is its chief medium of propaganda. It attracted the attention of young wide-awake Negroes in that it was above the average silly and reactionary Negro newspaper. Like its contemporary, the "Voice", it featured news of educational and ethical importance. Such news received first place. Furthermore, it was idealistic and stimulating; and up to the present time it has brought cheer, hope and inspiration to thousands of Negroes scattered over the world. Under the editorship of W. A. Domingue it carried the important news of the day—usually reprints from the leading radical journals of the country. In fact it really became a splendid medium for disseminating knowledge and information on matters of real importance. Its editors were generally very pointed, forceful, instructive, thought provoking and timely. The editorship passed from Mr. Domingue to Dr. William H. Ferrie. Under Dr. Ferris the paper became more an organ of propaganda than it ever was. This was natural because of the alarming growth of the organization. It is now quite a common thing to use the editorial pages or devote the leading editors to defenses of the doings of the organization. Dr. Ferris has given his readers some first-rate editorials on the Negro's place in civilization, the outstanding contributions made by the various peoples and countries to civilization, etc. It is certain that they have sent many a Negro in search of further information in the realm of history and education. Quite often Dr. Ferris takes an excursion in the field of philosophy, a field in which he delights to graze, though in my estimation he has never written anything of note outside the ordinary academic book stuff. The Black Star Line Corporation and the Negro Factories Corporation are the important business endeavors of the U. N. I. A. They have been critically discussed again and again from different viewpoints. I might say that the two best critical surveys that I have seen appeared in the Crisis and the Messenger magazines. These business enterprises were started as cold business propositions. It was the Black Star Line, as Dr. Ferris once said, which brought this wonderful racial interest and solidarity amongst Negro peoples of the Western world. It is interesting to note how stigmatized and surely economic interest held people together in difficult or ideals. In the U. N. I. A. the people were stimulated into a sense of social hatriotism by its appeals to race consciousness, and then wiped and reinforced by similarity and openness of economic welfare. Many hostile critics who underestimated the almost impenetrable unity and solidarity of the members of the U. N. I. A. seemed to have overlocked this important point. It is, to be observed that Garvey is gradually succeeding in idealizing even the business end of the U. N. Y. A. ... this thesis, and is, in most respects, a competent ability. There are many who, as most unwilling to allow their own opinion, interests to be subordinated—eliminated for that matter—to their high idealized social outlook. Should Garcia perform a truly remarkable feat. Young Negro radicals are too pores to overweight the true hearings which many of the dings of the U. N. L. A. have upon the individual members of the organization—to say nothing of when they are taken collectively. Likely to say that the working- and doings of the U. N. L. A. are crude and simple, foolish and antiquated, according as we react toward them intellectually or emotionally, to is exhibit a serious intellectual drawback in matters of sociology. Important as scientific and philosophic intelligence and scholarship may be, their values and place in the scheme of progress are relative. Emotional appeals, elaborate and pomp rituals and carolences, superstitious, angered speech and action, hyper-expressional expressions, have also a positive effect on the development civilization. Not only that but because of specific times they are, greater import as sources of inspiration and action; and as mental fertilizers they furnish the soil upon which knowledge and culture will flourish and ripen to maturity for future propagation and perpetuation. The U. N. I. A. has done decidedly much toward developing race consciousness instead of class consciousness, which latter is the main endeavor of white and Negro radicals who are devoted to Socialism. Both are requisite for the Negro at present, but in the Western world where Negroes are so excessively Caucasianized and denuded racially, and where race consciousness amongst the whites far precludes class feeling, strong infusion of race consciousness won't harm the race. He has also long lost racial ideals, but he has ashamed of his race. Note as instances hair straightening and skin whitening; also the recent attempt on the part of some educated Negroes to oust the word "Negro" from their vocabulary and the English language if possible. In organizing thoroughly the spirit of racialism of the present generation the U. N. I. A. may be unconsciously laying the early foundation for a future well-grounded racial patriotism—perhaps even a national one; for already there are well defined signs of a new nationalistic sentiment as expressed towards certain national symbols; flags, national anthems, etc. Culturally, its work may prove to be the long forerunner and background for a distinctive development of a standard racial culture. The times are ripe for it. There is a need for it. That need has been instinctively felt by Mr. J. A. Rogera, whose work "Superman to Man," has not only justified its need as being a masterly contribution to the literature of racialism, but has marked the beginning of a new era in Negro culture and cultural activities. to the future of the U. N. L. A.— who knows? Perhaps it is as deep as the universe itself. Perhaps it is only a mere wart of fantastic delusion to makeools of both thoughtful and thoughtless alike! Who knows? Wise man speculate and wait: tools dogmatic. New York City, Jan. 19. HODGE KIRNON. THE HERRON HILL BRANCH, U. N. I. A. PITTSBURGH, PA. The Herron Hill Division of Pittsburgh, Pa. gave to the city of Pittsburgh an entertaining and instructive program on Sunday, Jan. 16. The meeting was opened by Chaplain Gross, who led in our opening brun. "From Greenland's Ice Mountains." After a few instructive remarks and a number of wives and witty sayings such as he always gives us, the meeting was placed in charge of our major of the Black Cross Nurse. As a missress of ceremony Mrs. Washington was equal to the occasion, entertaining us with a splendid program, in fact one of the best we have ever had. First on the program was Rev. Archie Toles, chaplain of the program. The substance of his address was a warning to Negroes to beware of the propaganda of Socialism, saying that the U. N. I. A. is a movement that God has sent to us in answer to our prayers, to which we should stick until all over the world. The next on the program was Mr. Ralph Thornton, assistant secretary of our division, who gave a splendid address on "Black People's Deafness." Then came Mrs. Deptha- Finner, the priest and warden of Pittsburgh. This young lady is an master of the art of eclection so well as a great singer and pianist. This woman of many talents is the efficient secretary of the East End division, and she stirred all present to the very depths of their souls with her address, filled with the spirit of patriotism and racial pride. Some of her remarks, however, out like a knife thrust in the furred wounds of the region, who are too sandcinnious to support our great movement, the I.N. L. A, but the wounds were healed by the greatest of all remedies—hepa. Vice-President William Thornton then spoke. He was so enthused over the address of Mrs. Finney that he could say but little except to compliment this great woman of many talents. However in his remarks he said that we shall soon have our great black super-civilization, with black women reeling poetry and singing songs to the glory of the great Negro race at the White House. Mr. Finney, he said, would soot stop Negroes from singing "My Great Blue-Eyed Baby" and "My Flaming-Haired Doll." Mrs. Eliza Finney, vice lady president of the East End Division as one of Pittsburgh's talented women, lean spoke. Mrs. Ellia Finney is a great singer and composer of songs that bring out the aspirations of Negroes permeated by the spirit of the new Negro. Mrs. Ellia Finney did not sing on this occasion, but rendered an address that proves that she is a speaker with but few, if any, peers; she is, indeed, the Nannie Burroughs of Pittsburgh. No comment of praise is too great for these two Mrs. Finneys and all that were present left believing that their names will go down immortalized in the corridors of fame as women that gave their all for the common cause of the Negro. The next on the program was Mr. James Gill, the secretary of our division, who being a strictly business man always stricly along business lines. Mr. Gill with the co-operation of many of the self-determined members will soon give to the people of Pittsburgh a great surprise in establishing something that we body need. The neat on program Mr. Allen the secretary of our division last, but not least, on our program was our own president, Mr. Charles Allen, who deserves the greatest credit for lifting Herron Hill Division from the dust of despair to a solid foundation on which we intend to build and build until we shall reach those high summits of eminence that brings unstinted recognition. Mr. Allen's address was a great and splendid address on the possibilities of our race as a black people united under one flag with One God, One Aim and One Destiny. The meeting was then brought to a close by Chaplain Gross after a few remarks by Mrs. Washington, mistress of ceremony. This ends our program for Sunday, January 15, but we also wish to take advantage of this opportunity to mention the great work of Mr. George Weston, who was sent to the city as an arbitrator of all divisions. This highly polished Bostonian has completely evolutionised the U. N. I. A. movement in the city of Pittsburgh. The intelligent high-bred Bostonian with his savve diplomatic way of doing business, has compiled whole Pittsburgh to realize that the U. N. I. A. is no joke, but a reality. Mr George Weston has carried his propaganda into the highways and hedges, for he has held many meetings in the streets. He has penetrated the hearts of the most of the worth while ministers of the city. He has carried the propaganda of the U. N. I. A. into the churches into the great Baptist State Convention into the Eastons' Conference and we now believe since he is so fearless he will carry it even into the pit of hell, if necessary. We thank his excellence Mr. Garvey for sending to Pittsburgh such an honest and upright, efficient man as arbitrator. George Weston. Since we now have capable leaders such as Mr. Weston and Charles Allen in filling positions that hitherto were held by despots and incapable men, we expect to soon make Pittsburgh ring like New York, Detroit and Cincinnati. WM. G. THORNTO. JR. Vice-president of Herron Div. No. 117. Pittsburgh, Pa. FREE MEN Try My Best Electric Belt With Special Tax Information FREE @ DANA. Krooke (Hermann, St. Louis). FREE @ GWINN. Krooke (Hermann, St. Louis). FREE @ GWINN. Krooke (Hermann, St. Louis). Catalog free. All $10. GWINN. Depot, Bax 801, Dekkamp, Ind. Benefit for the widow and six children of the Negro junior who was killed in New York city, while protesting the life of his landlord at 161 West 140th street. Midnight show at the Renalance Theatre. Seventh avenue at 187th street. Friday night. January 20 at 11:45. All-star cast. "Jack Johnson" in a boxing bout. Acts from "Shuffle Along." Selections by the Cifth Clint Other artist names will appear later. Admission to all parts of the house, 80 cents. This benefit is given by Mme. C. J. Walker's Agents' Association, Locust El. Randolph, president. Tickets on sale at Lucille El. Randolph's Beauty Parlor, 190 West El. Randolph's Beauty Parlor, and at the Renalance Theatre, and by all the agents. Mme. Carrie's Graduating Class 36 Graduated MME. CARRIE'S CHOOL GI BEAUTY CULTURE, World's Wonder System, 220 West 150th Street, New York PHILADELP HOLDS SOULSTIR RNG MEETIN On Sunday afternoon, January 16 the Philadelphia division of the Unt ‘veraal Negro Improvement Association under the presidency .of Ton LA Brencte, held {te reqular meating at 0 Gouth Beventeenth street There wa en cothusiastio gathering of friends an ‘members eager to obtain news of thel indomitable and indefatigable leader the Hon. Marcus Garvey ‘Tho meeting was opened with sing: tng and prayer, after which a few cur. cory remarks were mede by tho prow ent and the first vice-president. ‘The assembly was very agrocabls surprised to find in thelr midst one o thetr own productions, the Right Hon Brea A. Toots, secretary -general of the U.N. E A, who was sent by the presi: ent general to allay the qualms of « much rudaly shaken people. In his ad- dreae the Rev. Tote mage an appeal betmfol with fervor and pathos, to the race consciousness In every man and woman, who sat apollbound by his clo- quence, He interpreted the aims and objects of tho traitorous enemies of the preat- dent general and the association, their ultimate bopes and belists, end plc- tured with unarring imagery the end of those hypercritical cynics whose ef- fuvia, though of a deadly odor, tends only to stiffen the new Negro's opposi- tion with an inexorable defiance, which wilt bow only to God their Creator ‘Be also impressed on the minds of his hearers the alms and objects of the ‘Universal Negro improvement Associa- loa, which were tho antithesis of those gt the cynics of the race—the aspira- ‘ons of the Hon, Marcus Garvey, a treo gnd untrammelled Africa. +The apsaker visualised to tho audl- ‘ence our former greatness, and {n God's name bade them fear not, but warned the enemtes who are encircling the camp of cur nationhood, “Beware of the day when @ traitors reward shall confront them in battlo array, when, Uke the great Actmon, they will be torn to places by o. whole kennel of” thelr own bounds.” A defense fund was started at the conctusion cf ble addres, and, al- though tho people were not prepared tor auch an emergency, rallied to the cause in guch a spirit that would have @isddened the heart of a brass mon- key, raising $898. Sush acts of spon: tantety just shows the feolings of a much oppressed people who are seck- ing the free alr of Uberty. and it be- hooves every traitor to the cauce who #3 within and without, baving this Gze and timely notice, make straight his crockedness or reap the in- stitablo barrel. Theso cringing sycophants, some strolling around in the garb and man- Ue of religion, forget that “thero are more things to be abharred than war- fare and the clasb of arms; the bloody and dizastrous sword only this mortal body harms, “a broken pledge.” “a fritnd betrayed” are wrongs “which make the soul afraid.” ‘We membere of the N. NL A. though not so learned as somo of the critics of the cause, are pleased to note that, with all the eduention and boast- e2 <Mlotency at their disposal, thoy mors biden beties exsnzmocs letters and reports to the Federal authorities. Shellay, tho immortal was right whan be eaid that be appreciated the enfaroeS silence of his sagacious en- emits who dared not trust them- wrlres to eptak, but rather resort to anonymous censure; hence, we would Le iS SAU E Ds ERGE S / aesses > ( ole ag ke NS Zz a Sou he. a = P ae See jess 4 fai ee = a Pavel «: PROT Saas eee: ant a ae ote = et et nos ete ‘Rote eg ple ei ee any es AB lcs ten cs Cae sy seep ie Pore = eet yes Cr ee Se reine Rapes ag ee 5 oie ee ae : ee vay, that if these moral Gegenerates were as clear-aighted as they are malignant, how much good would be derived from thelr virulent writings end propaganda, In conclusion, the members of the Philadelphia Division of the U. N. L A. would have the enemies of the as- ecolation and the Hon. Marcus Garvey to know that we stand “pat” by our leader, and that, if it comes to @ mat- ter of dollars to uphold bis dignity and leadership, or to vindicate his cause we mand shoulder to shoulder tn eolid phalanx for his defense ‘To us the name Garvey stands for honesty and truth. J. T. BROOMES-LORD, Executive Becretary Phila, Div wane Sue the To the Kdltor of the Negro World. Please may I be allowed to explain through your Negro World, the well known newspaper of the age, my com- mon opinion on “Africa for the Afri- cana~ I called thia back because many Went Africans, both whites and blacks cannot undorsiand tho meaning well [it to a pity that one misjudges another without good reason. As = Garvayito ‘my opinion on this is clear and I can tee many goud things in it than othera ‘4 geotloman in Nigeria trying to please others tn backing “Civis" in one of the newspapers, aaid, . . . “The unsound theory of ‘Africa for the Africans’ Is ‘not advocated by the Pan-African Con- Jeress, por by Dr. Du Bots, nor by 8 per cent. of Intelligent Africans.” On the ‘contrary the Englishman a aa warmly weicomed in Weat Africa as the African ‘1 ooldly welcomed in England—that by the way. Any one who advocates driv- Ing the white man from Africa does not know what ho is talking about. ‘The writer » mind was not on the topio of Africa for the Africans, but to please his white folka In plain language, an African defrauding himslf in such a way 1s like continuation of the Arabian Knight's entertainments. From his let- ter he mentioned “Civis" words which says ("We occupy his country and we aszume direction of bls affaire We want, it le our ono objective, to make Bim sharer in all the advantages that wo onjoy ourselves, Let us, therefore, get honest and do thia. So long as we foo! about pretending to ‘educate’ him in one oF other of the “kitohen-lan- guages’ wo are deceiving him and our- aclves, We are ushering bim at much cost of money and effort into CUL DE BAC, etc.) “Wo want, it ts our one objective, to make him sharer in all the advantages that wo enjoy ourselves” Civist have you given him any advan- tage since you occupied his country? le It not a wonder to hear that instead of giving him any advantage, segroga- tion waa served him in his own coun- try, whereas he ts not a leper. “Bo long as wo fool about pretonding to educste him in one or other of the kitchen-languages we are deceiving him an@ ourealven” I stop here again to question Civis, Have you fooled the African before? And if so, why now writing of Gocelving yourselves in fooling him? Because you have heard of Negroes launching steamships or because they are building factories Now let me como to my Nigerian gen- leman. If Europeans are recognising their faulte, how much more you Negro must halt between two things, I need not go further for 1 have not come to my point. Africa fcr the Africans is applicable when Africe=v money are being utilized in segregating whites from them in thelr own country Africa. When Spaniards locke? down on Moors, a disturbance arose leading them to fight for their freedom. “Any one who advocates driving the white man from Africa does not know what be is talking about.” Yes it may bo rruo if one does not understand it well. Africa for the Africans can be applied. the white race will fool the African in education as Civis stated. When Chief Oluwa’se Apapa land wne taken without reward, henov he made his ap- peat in the Privy Council. When Africana by helping to win the war tla not reoalve reasonable recognition. when whites started driving blacks from thoir own Bouth Africa, showing them unfruitful places to dwell and General G. eaid he will make South Africa white man's country aimply be- cause the war is over, hence Mr. Plaatje and others went to England, and MR. V. Belope Thema, an energetic pocrotary of the Bouth African native deputation, wrote hie slavery within ihe British Empire, Africa for the Africans is the only remedy. In Amer- ice we hear of lynching of Negroes, Ku Klux Klan and many other things which oan force one to remember bis ngtive home. I don't want to please others, but the naked truth te, if you can not de well In Africé, which ts Negroes’ own country, then Africa for he Africans will drive you out and pever to st in any mora Who on earth will tell ® good man to leave bis house to let in bad man? [¢ you know that you cannot change to good then prapare for Africa te for the Africans Keep on. keepon. U.N 1. A. for once you have turped the curve It is no longer to dalsy. Since God's crestures are all ons, Africa shall be redeemed. Many thanks tn advance. ‘Yours faithfully, A GOLD COASTER. ‘December 6, 1931. HUBERT PARKIN AWARDED COMPENSATION Hubert Parkin, while employed as Qremen in two apartment houses on ‘S0th strest, New hpi city, wie struc on the hand by an can. The cuper- {ntendent of one of the bouses was eas ke no in ae a ie aeons ve oosient foe ses 0 Ms Fern { cooutred February 1931, and Ps Been ay ute pareegiten t ase one ay Pine. (1 ened paneed Upon | feria see eat fret eo ete “AFRICAN REDEMPTION FUND’ -| QPPORTI Started by the Universal Negro Improvement Associa: tion for the Liberation of Africa—All Negroes Asked to Subscribe Five Dollars or More The Universal Negro Improvement Association, charged with the responsibility of freeing the four hundred million oppressed Ne- groes of the world and with the redemption of Africa, ts now raimng a universal fund to capitalize its work for the freedom of Africa. The Second Annual International Convention of the Negro peo ples of the world legislated that a cap:talization fund for the propa- gation of the work be raised from among all Negroes under the caption of “The African Redemption Fund”. that each member of the Negro race be asked to donate five dollars ($500) or more to the fund for the cause of warld-wide race adjustment, and the freedom of Africa, Each and avery Negro contributing to this fund will re ceive a certificate of race loyalty given by the Universal Ne; Im- provement Association with the sutographed signatures of Ee Pro cellor of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, visional President of Africa, the Secretary General and High Chan- If you are a race patriot, if you are desirous of seeing your race liberated, if you are desirous of seeing Africa free from oppression, if you are desirous of building up a great Negro race, you will send n your five dollars or more immediately to the “African Redemption Fund” Send postal money order. money mail order, check or Amer. ican currency in registered cover, made out to the Universal Negro Improvement Association. All remittances must be made out to the association and not to individuals. Address your communication to Secretary General, Universal Negro Improvement Association, 56 West 135th street, New York City,N ¥.U S.A. All donations to this fund will be acknowledged in The Negro World, week by week, and a book of donors will be printed and cir- culated all over the world as a record for succeeding generations of Negroes to see and know those who contributed to the liberation of the race and the freedom of Africa. Send in your five dollars or more now. All persons donating $25 or more to this fund, in addition to being ted a certificate, will have his or her photograph published in The Segre World and in the Universal Volume to be published for distribu- inn all over the world. THE FUND Brought forward .. . $12,334.80" Bollse Division, B. Hond. C A, 7800 D.T. Hallaway, Daytona, Fis... 6.00 L Browater, Nova Scotia, Can. 6.00 Bt Clair Sealey, Nova Gcotia, Fits Farrell, Nova Scotia, Can.. 6.00 8 Robinson, Havana, Cuba . 6.00 ‘W. M. Neodham, St. Louis, bfo. 600 Atlis Deese, Cincinnatl, O...... 6.00 R.A. Dillard, Cincinnaty, 0... 8.00 Sam McAllister, Cloveland, 0... 6.00 ‘Hubert Julian, Cleveland, 0. 6.00 M. R. White, Fayetteville, N.C 6.00 B Daniels, Ropublio of Panama. 6 00 James Morgan, Florida. . 800 HL B. Huston, Omaha, Ned .. £00 Willle Harley, South Carolina . 6 00 ‘Arnold Btapleton, N. York elty. 600 D.R, Robinson, Jersey City. $00 8. Richard, Camaguey, Cubs... 500 ‘Lowman Wickman, Hawall... 6.00 Lydia Forbes, Costa Rica, C A. 800 1 Bailey, Costa Rica, C. A..... 5.00 Baby Braest Wella, Cuba...... 6.00 Joreph 1011, Boston, Mass...... 8.00 RW. Pratt, New York city... 6.00 Marous G, Dillon, Gary, Ind... 6.00 3.H. Johnson, Somerton. Aris... 5.00 E. Mites, Whito Plains, N.Y... 5.00 R Thompson, Bayou Goula, La. 500 ‘A. A. Quaroco, Gold Coast, Ar. 5 09 D. A. Backey, Gold Coast, At . 6.00 Minerva Blanton, Chicago, Ill... 6.00 W. Koa Newark, N.J...- e+ 6.00 Armatead Owens, Gary, Ind.... 6.00 Mand Robinson, Gary, Ind..... 6.00 Richard Forest, Gary, Ind...... 6.00 Joshua Green, Gary, Ind... 600 Irene B. Cole, Camaguey, Cubs. 5 00 Jonn H. Gardner, sflaml, Tia. $99 L.Crutckahank, Now York city 600 Ellen Maynard, New York city. 600 Allen Board, Callfornia........ 600 Donations ...sessseesceeeses «1100 ‘Total Se e| Bayou Goula, La} Jan. 14, 1922. Dear Brother: Enclosed you will find 45 for the African Redemption Fund [ feel proud to work for this great cause, for # la my duty 10 help It to success, God will help all auch move- mente, ‘Yours truly. RT. Chicago, Mi, Jan. 16, 1922. | Dear Sir> Enclosed you will find $8 to the African Redemption Fund for tho purpose of conducting Its work for the redemption of our motherland, Af- frica. I pray God's blessing on you for 8 successful future. Sincerely yours, MB. Fonolulu, HoT. Jan 7, 1922 Gentlemen — Herewith —_ enclosed please find $5 as my contribution to the African Redemption Fund Only wish that I could give more to auch a wor- thy cause. Wishing you euccess for your every effort. | am Yours fraternally. AB Camaguey, Cuba. Jan. 10. 1932 Sire: 1 am sonding herewith the amount of five dollars ($5) an a dona- Udn to the African Redomption Fund 1am only sorry that. owing to prevait- Ing conditions, 1 cannot send more f hope, however. that the Negroes the world over will find It possible to 40 Ukewise for « true and reteemed Af- rica, With very beat wishes. I romain Youre frateroa)ly, ine British Honduras, C A Jan 18. 1923. Kind sire Herewith pieaso Mind chtek for $18. procceds of an enter: tainment given by the loyal mombers of this division for tho African Me- cemplian Eure. ‘Trusting su will accopt this money in the good faith {1 {s given 0 as to help further the cause of human liberty and Gevotion to the cause of freedom. Accapt our very best wishes for sue- cess in the parent body's every offart. ‘We remain D. DIVISION, 1. A. Secretary. _—_—_ eof Norfolk IM. nume gg ee Re ae sins foie ofS fa | «man Des wba eras So A J Sy RRs TMOLIeE shir azaucsiuscn Nia Se AS aly Feast |. cateutuies dednqee ° = ” — Ps FOREIGN MONEV Teanc K. Okram and wifeg2 Sa. by WINNIC ©. COWAND 1921, gave an interesting play at the Booker T. Washington Auditorium ‘The play was called “An African Con- vention.” The play was full of mee pride, and was staged to enthuse the public on the aims of the U. N. I. A. and A.C.L. As the curtain rose, “From Greeniand’s fey Mountains” waa sung by the whole company. ‘Then the legions and auraea drilied around the auditorium and formed a column through which the Hon. Marcus Gar- vey (Dr Columbus Maxwell), Preal- dent General, marched to the stage. Dr. Maxwell was then introduced (by Mire Minnie E Comazs, mansoes) 2s the Hon. Marcus Garvey, President General Dr Maxwell then proceeded to oliver bis address which was full of interest from start to Anish. He very ably explained the aime and objects of the U NI A and A.C. He also brought out the necessity of having our own achools so that our children might learn of the great black heroes, both enclent and modern, and learn the his- tory of our great and beloved mother- land. He also asked that we be kindly loft alone, an we don't want to have any one and don't want anything in America, but just elmply want Africa that God Almighty gave us, and we are going to get Africa in epite of man or devil, because God Almighty te toad- Ing us and we can not fall. Dr. Max- well lo a great orator and has the power to sway his auditors to laughter or tears, During his address he some- times held his auditors spellbound, at other times they wore wild with ap- plause, thon rosring with laughter, and yet again they wero reduced to tears As the ourtain descended on him the house went wild with applause. ‘Then six of the darker nations were ropre- sented dy queens, each queen with her maids played her part to the satiafac- tlon of all. and they looked very preity. and unique in thelr costumes, which wan the contumes of the country they represented ‘Then came the Great Gouthern Queen, the Queen of Africa | and His Highnoes the Potentate with thelr two litle princesses. Ladion In waiting and armor-hearere se they approached the stage, the curtain rose| and every queen, maald and legion vowed on thelr knows before her majesty This was a very impressive scone and held the audience apell- pound, tho queen read an interesting paper on “To be ashame of Africa would be, to be ashame of God.” for which she received loud applause Then arose tho star of the evening. the Statue of Liberty She was robed nthe Red, Black and the Groen. Allow me to pause here to aay that T have sean many plays representing the Gtatne of Liberty robed in the Red. White and Blue, but none never. no never caused tho hearts of our people 10 skip _m beat before they saw the Statue of Liberty mbed in the Red. Black and Green with the lights dimmed and holding seven burning candles In her hand. ahe aang « beau- fut solo (Twilight > which thrilled every one and brought the house down at her feet with applause. The com- pany cicsed with “Ethiopia ~ The cast was as follows Drill Diack Cross Nuraes and Legion Hon Marcus Garvey. PG Dr Columbus Maxwett Queens and country, Turkey Mra. Pear! Jordan India, Aira, Carrie Goodwyn Spain .. .. Mrs. Annte B. Monroe Egyot. .... .. .Mre Lisale Hull Cuba. .... .. ..Mise Gebens Dillard Japan....... ..Mra. Marie Walker Ching............0+-.-Mrm Bila Roddte Africs...-.... .+.--Mra, Annie Hobbs His Highness the Potentate Pres. Alten Hobbs Statue of Liberty..Mra. Aréth B Brown Planist.........00- Mra Keale Terry Under auspices Diack Cross ute nie Hatters, cree chandee Mre, Minnie E, Cowans......Gecretery ‘This company wil be known tn the future ee the Kibtoplan Concert Oom- vay and will play al} through ‘tide ee eee ratty ine vansee at thie benest elas ais Higjon' Nosh? +) 7 OPPORTUNITY Kergy. tovineibie datermination with © right motive are levers that move ‘the world. Opportunity 1s « favorable condition or set of clroumstances that offere to energy and Getermination an inaight and capacity to use these forces to bring to « successful end any honest aim or purpose, ‘The fundamental bollete of the Unt- versal Negro improvement Association are a contre of gravity around which ‘must concentrate the Sying particles of mall lights evolved from time to time tm this onward and upward march. A program that fils the needs of pro- fessore, doctors, lawyer, clergymen, jartiste, musicians, artisans, engineers, politicians, writers, journalists, editors, authors, explorers and the vast army of men and women everywhere too ‘numerous to mention. The remarkable talent shown by the essayists who have written on “The Alma an Objects” of the Association fn the Christmas number of the “Nesro World.’ 19 highly commended. The reasoning is clear, conoise, logical and inepirational, The obstacies that Deset the path of progroas were not evaded, neither was thoro any attempt to an- ewer facts by awceping reneralitios oF ‘reliance va some supernatural power ‘A very determined pols, an aware ‘nosa of (he cost and the means for the ‘ond at no time left the consclousness of the writers, an attitude of repose. remarkable on account of their dellet and Know cage that within ourselves there 1a that strength of mind, body and spirit to create into reailty thuse ‘aims and objects permeate the articles. It te atrange, nevertheless true, Liat there arv people who live within easy reach of Liberty Halle in all parte of the world who have not done them- selves justice by falling to inquire about the “whys” and ‘wherefores’ of fan organization founded to sileviate thelr sufferings and help to lessen the burdens and handicaps that is their lot due to the tack of & dennite senti- ment and solid front. ‘These people fare ver: loud and persistent in thoir oriuiolem: their advice, woro it prac tieable and workable within the funda- mental bellefs of the association, could be excused. When, however, the pene- trating light of resson atarting from the faote in the caso has been thrown on thelr views, it te easily seen that a comprehensive study of the problema that are to de aurmounted, the wronge that need resistance, the we fare of the | whole againat the individual have been | wre ut hat leu Of all the agonising experiences that have to be encountered by anyone, the most trying one is that of hearing an Individual or movement maligned: Just what he of It may stand for 19 studious ly avoided to enhance calumny and misrepresent the truth. A fooman worthy of his steel is this trrestiblo march of Negroes evorywhore with a wilt undaunted, unafraid, unyleld ng. confident, eourageous with closed ranks to the forces of human treachery and artificial barriers. ‘Tho Universal Negro Improvement Association 1# not an lastitution of bigotry, egotism, verbiage, slootnes, cuper.ority or autocracy, on the con- | trary. it iw humano, oxpancive, sel) reliant, logics! ~n-operative, noble and refined. Jeading and being led. An op-| portunity here presents iteeit for an investigat’on of thie truth. | ‘hore ie a’ certain alncer ty In ig norance that has to be at times con-| doned—tne gradations waist in lumnan| elevation ax eure aa there is a difference bevween hill and mountain—those of| us who are scaling the hoights of mental advancement must of neceraity remember the natural limite of those jenn favorably placed After four years wo have to g.ve sympathy instead of canaure and eredit to Ignorance the stand taken against the greatest op- portunity ever held out to a race of people by their own kin who have seen and felt the neode and are prepared, (hat in so far aa thay have the porrer, there will be no reat or retreat till © nearing 1s given Just cla'ms. It would be lacking in {ts scope did it not have tho virtue, compassion and forg vonosn, and that Ie why the vanguard must delay to succor weak brother and fallen aister by educating them to “| with thelr mental eyes. ‘There are threo distinct conditions of blindness. the first phys.cal, tne! pecond mental, the third spiritual An’ portunity here presonts itslf to! verify the correctness of this state- ment. ‘An association that doce not belleve p “it cannot be Gone” “f can't”, that a not retarted by allly conventions, naular stupidity continental blindness ‘nd narrowness, that refutes in very bre of its being the limitations of the powers of any member af our race in| ny field, whatever Is the greatest op- || et ol bl pie co ae Ga eee ee OUR A re REAUIEUL, SOLITAIRE age Rae Sap sor ne ea et WasrOne POAVS REL Bl S oppo oe ame ao ae Pag Sua SR Races Elly See ety ee er emery Ay orate Coe ee a eee Ge g . + Cus worn woe Dept. 62 CHICAGO, ILL. a ————e 2 he mesemern, A Aes . ee INDIAN SYRUP & TONIC CO. LE P INDIAN 6b Long Life Tonic HERB Cs and MEDICINE ao Cough Syrup Ra ‘THE WORLD'S FAMOUS INDIAN HERB MEDICINES ‘Women and men, lest you forest the Indian Quick Hair Grower for growing hair on bald heads and bald spots, lenghthona the hair and pre- erring tattoo Ld nepds and Geld pote voghibens obe Hat cd ore; rhoumatiam 76¢ Coagh Syrup for stubborn colds and coughs 6a L. & B. Face Louon for creanina, the face from worms and bumps 600 All made from the purest of Indian Herbs and Darks. Mail orders promptly | INDIAN SYRUP & TONIC CO. | Cumborland Street, Merrick Park, Jamaica, N. Y. | PRONE: SAWAKCA 4010-9 Jamaica Factory and Office Aman oy the name of E. W PEARSON is operating in the State of North Carolina, claiming to be President of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. The public 1s now informed that this man is not authorized by the Universal Negro Iinprove- ment Association to represent its interests. The Universal Negro Improvement Association 13 chartered by she State lnws of New York and registered in the State of North Carolina. ‘This man is now fonducting ‘a campaign to co'lect money for commercial poroses and enroll 10,000 members. We have not authorized him to do so, and shall not be responsible for his acts. ALL DIVISIONS of The Universal Negro Improvement Association in North Carolan are warned. A State Representative of the Universal Negro Improvement Astociation has been appointed and will visit all the Divisions, presenting his credentials properly signed and sealed. BY ORDER UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION MARCUS GARVEY, President-Genercl, come up to the bar of Inspection, re- flection and introspection. No course of compromiss, expediency, temporary reaulte must take the place of the aub- stance of things hoped for. No eug- gestion or other belp that does not rie inclusively tc the beneft of all of ua can be acriously considered. These are the things that we would have some friends, advisers, critics and oth- ere to know An appreciation of this opportunity can be started right bere and now by every man, woman and child in the race by taking time by the forelock and propsring himeelf or herself for some more advanced position. Stay where you are if not convenient to move with your dissatisfaction, but have the courage to prepare yourself to ably hold on when the van reaches your door. A man that ls diligent in hia business cannot fail to succeed Uae every particle of knowledge that comes to your altention for further de- velopment. An opportunity hore pre- aente Itself for you to foster ambition, all that 12 true, all that 1a of good re- Port, discover yourself know those with whom you come in contact. Every hour, every Gay. overy week, right along the destiny of a national lite which you have courted ana won draws nearer to you for your further Instruction and attention. A free and redeemed Africa opens the highway of international politica, trade, juria- prudence. How will be the diplomats, ambassadors, technica! experts, sur- scons, financiers, bankers and ail the other high and important positions to be filled ine nation? How emphatic must be the constant repetition that you cannot be these things to your beat interest and advantage under allen Influence? An opportunity here presenta Iteclf (o investigate the feas- ibility of this program. In the Universal Nogro Lmprove- ment Association there is a capacity to take fn all and others, within its limitless confines there 1s an oppor- tunity for any man of woman of our race to develop his or her pet theory— you will got @ hearing and following— you can arrange {t not to conMict with the fundamental beliefs of the organ- ication, The cumulative effect of re- peated logical conclusions will make inroade on your brain cella; this is an invaluable help and an unusual op> portunity at the price. ‘There are undoubtedly bigger op- portunities, If #0. you are the person needed. if there is in you make-up somo pypfound and oe yet undiscov- ered solution to the problema of the day, an opportunity here presents it~ self for you to ure, The high honor of judgo and jury jp now yuure—what aay pou" A de ciaton Is demanded. An opportunity has prosented itself in theory and in tact. your move next HERBERT J Cox. DEATH OF MRS. C. CRAWFORD On Thursday, January 18, 1922, Mrs Charles Crawford, formorly Migs Lil- Wan Walrond, daughter ct Mr. and Mra William H. Walrond, 399 Lexing- ton avenue, Brooklyn, succumbed to a prolonged attack of pneumonta. In- terment took piace Friday, January 20, at Mount Olivet Cometery. NEGRO SONGS By DR. FRANK CRANE ‘The Negro problem im the United ‘uatss esau cosowea ts des a juve eset iret as a tsdor questica! Hs com- suns: wien sue wane 0 poset ths se reabed'tbas bin a od Bilas Sos feceed, an « yolltal question: The sissetta' stia-secee Gb eaiate Joes chs seks oessiaine breast cies situa emiesion ‘turd, a 0 eat pvbaen Tos 1s! Hs oblong prea peareerivoed STiueisciue af a oones tunes crs Ses aerate bas tccpet clneeris Se is wae eas vale ‘Tuere ie another aapecs of the Negr> sealien, bonnet etek nee Meal eta tla wararcnia ood ree or Walla the Negro ts taferlr tothe Jcpectascs te tes seeater ons tae srcciias calriiee od season ee are certain regions of sentiment where Soe In one realm of feeling the Negro is disiant nagoee tna tas toes The enh satires atatnal mode oro- duced In the United States, and perhaps 4p the world, in recent times has been tho Negro melodica. They are the prod- ucts of pure and vigorous creative im- agination. Natalie Curtis Burtin recently got sate eer a tee nai eae folk songs wherein there is presented Nic saan oe Ue oees sabes ct toe Nase ‘The black man produced hig music. as al) true music is produced, as a by- product of bis work, bis play, bis pas- a ‘He ts primarily the creator of the work song. The pamphicts referred to contains interesting examples For in- stance, there is the “Peanut Pickin’ Song,” which grew oat of the times when the slaves of all ages gathered round the open bonfire and picked the ssaated Geta tem aur poet! Lean an baer it Vato Den Massa gwine give me Chris‘mus a Two red bank'chiefs an’ @ walkin’ en Den I's gwine strut down de Big Hi use = There was the “Hammerin’ Song.’ enh toes ea ube ate oT sre ohere (he eeekicen seaniol's Sack reean aol ee it tes “header, or leader, who received ext. par foc nis Guibid is wepeertboOe ieaidie these there ly Chicka ba roger dl eater Imitating the puMng of locomotiver ts i ae ine wera pean sie ace eee ee eee Song” and others, AA Eo atralen Bae: DANS BONS? nlarsret lsat ce wRO Witter iy cpuiial tangs ale reieioas as pate, ‘But te point ot it a ts in te’ ogra conscious (at tvee my Fo tbe white thea: resis es mace, Todhe Sere ie wikis teat “he Houston (Tex) Post. eat a a wa eelea) UNVEILING OF CHARTER OF THE JATIBONICO DIVISION OF CUBA --- Jan. 1. 1872. Up to the time of the unveiling o our charter we were only three months and eight days old as a branch of the U N A. We would like you to let the world know that we the Negroes of Jathconte Division No. 663 are in line with those who are already on the way to African redemption. Our meeting started at 7 p.m with the singing of our opening ode, "From Greenlands icy mountaina." The chaplain read our constitution prayer, followed by a special prayer to God asking Him for this help. The president then gave the opening address. He said: "Fellow men of this grand and noble race of ours, I wish you greeting, greeting to this new year 1922, greeting in behalf of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. tion and the 400,000,000 Negroes of the world. We have just entered a new year, and it is imperative that we make new resolutions and determinations in the interest of the U. N. I. A." He also spoke regarding the emancipation of Africa coupled with the right and liberty of Negroes everywhere We then had a bymn by Mr. J Green entitled "Forward Be Our Watchword." At this juncture the chaplain was called upon to read us a Scripture lesson and comment thereon. He referred to I Kings, 22d chapter, 38th verse, basing his argument on Solomon and his reign as king. In conclusion he said: "Whatever we ask God for He will grant us if we but only offer our supplications faithfully." Chorus by the choir entitled "Eternal Praise," was well rendered. The secretary then read to the audience a letter which was sent from the parent body to this division instructing us of the propaganda that is going on against the U. N. L. A. by officials of the U. N. I. A. Letters of congratulation were also read, after which the secretary introduced Mr Osborne, who came to us from the Ciego Division as master of ceremonies. Mr Osborne on responding to the in- production spoke as follows: "My subject to you tonight will be Go Forward." Go forward and conquer in the name of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. We must be united, it for no other reason than the redemption of Africa." He also spoke of the splendid progress we have made in so short a time as three months and eight days. He said that he hoped we will continue in the same spirit as we have started, and in conclusion advised us to go forward and conquer for the U N. I. A. led by the Red, Black and Green. Next was an anthem by the choir entitled "Stand Up for Jesus." The master of ceremonies then spoke complimenting the choir. The Lady President then gave an address based on the good and welfare of the Negro race. She also advised all those ladies who were present to make themselves members so as to swell the membership of our B. C. N. She spoke very interestingly about the redemption of Africa. The master of ceremonies responded. Next on the program was a solo by Miss L. McDougal, entitled "Africa is Our Home", which was well rendered. Miss McDougal is the nightingale of our division. So great was the applause that she was compelled to again sing the same song. The master of ceremonies, in responding, said it was the first time he had ever heard such a beautiful solo rendered by any individual on Africa. The choir than sang an anthem, entitled "The Lilies." At this juncture the president announced that the lady president and vice-president would take up a special collection to defray expenses incident to the unveiling of our charter. While the collection was being taken the choir sang "Let Heaven With/ Music Ring". The amount collected was $11.20. Mr. Fisher then sang the anthem in Spanish. Mr. Newsam and Mr. Tomlinson came forward and bore our charter, after which it was unveiled and the secretary read the clause therein. Mr. Stewart explained to us the reason why we had a charter and said that each and every Negro should try and support Garvayism. Help yourselves and the Lord will help you, said he, and invited everyone to buy shares in the Black Star Line, for the uplifting of the race depends a whole lot on the advancement of the corporation. The president then asked us to sing our favorite bymn, "Somebody," while Mr. Went took up the collection, which amounted to $1.82. The program was continued with a rutilation by Semerita Milla Milla, a dust by Mr. Tomlinson and Miss Haldane. "We Will Never Let This New Flag Fall," presenting the colors of the Red, Black and Green; chorus by the chorus, antititled "Beautiful Home So Bright and Fair," and an address by Mr. Newsam, who said: Officers and Members, Ladies and Gentlemen of This Grand and Noble Race of Guest I wish you welcome; I wish you greeting; I wish you a happy New Year. I trust (that after leaving this hall you will be moved by all that has been said and done. I hope that africans and members of this association you will continue in the same spirit to be with the Red, Black and Green. Let all these who are falling away from the U. N. U. A. Lail on their awards and destroy themselves. Recitation by Sanpita Carolina Garcia, sculled "La Dandera." Anthem by the chair, sculpted "Oswald," which was well rendered. Recitation by: Mr. Weslil, sculpted "We Are All African Men." Address by Mr. Sally on "Liberty." Rhyme by Mr. Denton, sculpted "Mills Once May Numbe." "The gentle them and "The Future Las Differences Me." Mrs. V. A. Black, assistant president of the division, jacket. In part be said. "History of Cincinnati, Offices and Munitions." It is with pleasure that I address you tonight. Through the Miss Marina Garcia, we are going to learn. It can be for no one can be satisfied. president and the chaplain. Let us continue in the same good spirit that we have started. Recitation by Mr McKenzie, entitled "Africa Calls for Life." Address by Mr. Bruel. In part be said. During our stay in the U N L A let us not pull from each other, but let us pull together. Chorus by the choir, entitled "One Thing Needful." Address by Mr Morgan. Congratulations to the Hon Marc Garvey. The master of ceremonies tendered his appreciation to the Jatibonco division and said that when he returns to the Ciego division he will inform the people there that the association is doing pretty well. Mr Stewart again addressed the meeting, advising the officers to do their duty by the U N L A. The receipts for the evening totaled $134.47 The meeting closed at 10:30 with prayer followed by our anthem Nothing lib McGuire and his crew can stop us. Please advertise that fact in The Negro World Jatibonico, Cuba. MEMBERS OF DETROIT, MICH. DIVISION SHOW LOYALTY TO THE CAUSE MEMBERS OF DETROIT, MICH. DIVISION SHOW LOYALTY TO THE CAUSE --- January 17, 1922. Our Sunday afternoon meetings are usually called to order at 2 o'clock sharp, but the Sunday afternoon meeting of January 15 seemed to be an exceptional one, for long before the hour for services had arrived our liberty hall was almost packed to capacity, being actuated by the official report of Hon. Marcus Garvey's arrest, and every one nerves were keyed up to the highest pitch eager to learn something more definite concerning same. The meeting was a very impressive one, many hearts were touched by the eloquent speeches of the different spakers, which gave color to the occasion, and many were seen to brush a tear from their eyes, as the speakers portrayed how an underground tunnel is being constructed by the ignoble and blanphemous votaries and henchmen of wicked agencies, who seek to destroy the loyalty of the members of the association; who seek to destroy the morale of the laity, who seek to support the contention of enemies of the association that the Hon. Marcus Garvey is a fake, and imposter, a radicalist and seeks to foster the principles of Bolshevism among the good, loyal Negroes of the United States of America. But in the midst of all these machinations, these intrigues and traps which are being sent by the Devil agents to thwart the onward and swooping progress of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, we, the loyal members of the Detroit Division, have pledged ourselves—our money, our lives, let come what will or may, events seen and unseen, the enemy may rise up on all sides like a mighty "Alps," but we will stand by our noble Hannibal in his steady march across these human Alps and with the helmet of righteousness and the sword of justice and liberty, cut our way to the sunkissed plains of African redemption. And we believe that the good and loyal members of every division throughout the entire world will not fall our great chieftain and the noble cause for which he is giving his very life, and has already anointed the earth with his own blood. After the executive secretary had read the telegram setting forth the highlandedness of that diabolical quintette that is sponsoring this nefarious plot, there went up a shudder and a groun from every one present which seemed to rent the veil of peace and happiness and reveal the very henchmen of such a dastard act, and expose them to open shame. At the conclusion of the reading of the telegram, and while the tense enthusiasm of the members was still obbing at a high plitch, an appeal was made for the defense fund to which a large portion responded very liberally, and those who were unable to give were seen to manifest an air of compunction on account of their inability to help. This concluded the program of the afternoon session, to which the division took a recess till 8 o'clock; during which time the members repaired themselves to the U. N. I. A. restaurant where every one enjoyed themselves sumptuously in eating and drinking till the reopening of the session at 8 o'clock, to which every one set him or herself down to a deep deliberation on the all-perplexing question of the day. The program for the evening session was rendered by the Hamtramck Division, which was very elaborate and well handled by the young lady vice-president of the juvenile department of said division. One very attractive feature of the Hamtramck Division was the splendid rendition of their musical selections. Mira T. A. Anderson, former lady president of the division, gave a short but very enthusiastic talk, in which she made some very fitting remarks; particularly one in which she said that Negroes must cease fighting among themselves, which was well taken by one every present. The speaker said that the time has come when Negroes must stop adding members of the race to get official positions on the police force, and then they use their official authority to the end of mistreating civilian members of the race who happen to come within the immediate jurisdiction of their official domain. The speaker also said that any Negro who contrives to light against the progress of the race and its economical existence wasn't fit to live. Hon. W. A. Wallace, State Commissioners for the State of Michigan, was the next speaker of the evening, and he pictured very recently how members of the race sought to keep Mr. Garvey out of the United States, and that in summer, every instant, the opponents were American Mercury, but now it was THE NEGRO WORLD. SATURDAY. JANUARY 28, 1922 dispense with such objectionous characters and bring forth of the good and honest American Negroes to the front Mr Leo Whittaker president of the Hamtramck Division, followed Mr Wallace, and he said in part that to put this proposition over the top, there must be "some burying of the dead," and that now more than ever, the members of the association must uncompromisibly stand out as an impregnable wall in defense of the honor and prestige of the Hon. Marcus Garvey, and see that those wicked culprits forming such an alliance impregnated with destructive motives be chckimated. After the speaker had finished, the entire division rose to their feet, and stood for the space of two minutes in silent prayer, which presented a very impressive scene, and some of the members were heard giving forth soils of grief, while tears trickled down the cheeks of all, and tears at the conclusion of this phase of the program, Mr Leo Whittaker, president of the Hamtramck Division, sang, "I Hear You Calling Mr which brought forth such an outburst of applause, that he was back, and in return sang, 'My Rosary,' which created as great an enthusiasm as his first rendition. There was great satisfaction evinced by all present over the fine manner of coolness and self-composure in which the young Mistress of Ceremonies handled the program, which was interspersed very elaborately with musical selections, solos, recitations, papers, etc. At the conclusion of the program again the appeal for the defense fund was heralded to the members, and following their course of the afternoon session the members once more contributed liberally to the call From all evidence of outward manifestations, everyone seemed to be well pleased over the outcome of the meetings throughout the entire day, and after everything seemed to have been carried out to the full satisfaction of all present, the meeting was dismissed with a shot and very touching prayer by the Rev Hurley, and everyone went out seemingly to be filled with the spirit of revenge by a strong determination to fight the enemy to the bitter end. The fire of vindication on which everyone seemed to be boiling over with, is drawing large crowds of members at the hall daily, eager to learn some news of any new developments relative to this daunted act; and we stand ready to assure you from the depths of our hearts, that the Detroit Division No. 125, shall stand loyal to the noble cause and not a man shall ratter by the wayside, nor will the colors of the red, the black, and green trail in the dust of defeat by no course which the enemies may peruse. GEO W WILLIAMS. Chairman of Program Committee 1518 Russell St. Detroit Mich. REPORT OF SACRED CONCERT HELD BY GUANA BACOA DIV., HAVANA, CUBA REPORT OF SACRED CONCERT HELD BY GUANA BACOA DIV., HAVANA, CUBA Sunday, November 13, was a banner day for the infant branch of U'N I A at Reparto Guanabaca. The few members who make up the branch displayed great interest in bringing about a sacred concert for the purpose of establishing their earliestness among the Negro residents of this village that the time had come when the redemption of Africa must be the password of all Negroes. Their energetic and indefatigable efforts were truly not in vain, because long before the hour set the hall was packed to overflowing, including many friends from the city of Haaga The meeting was called to order at 5 p.m. by the President, Mr. Gerald S. Woods with the singing of our openingode, "From Greenland to a Mountains," followed by the conventionalprayer, "God of the Right." At theJuncture Mr. A. G. Burkley our localtraffic manager was introduced to theaudience as chairman for the opening,for which much credit was due the ablemanner in which the meeting was handled. The choir, under the able direction of Prof P T Williams, must behighly commended for its vocal talent,loyalty and sacrifice in adding laurels to our newly organized branch. Thelittle children displayed great mentalability. Special mention must bemade of the Misses Pearson, Lucille andGladya, and Master Pearson, who keptthe house in a high pitch of enthusiasmover their portrait of Africa RedeemedMrs. Pearson gave a recitation thatwas called for again and ended withdeafening applause. The President delivered the address of the evening, entitled, "Africa, the Motherland," which was said to be the address of his life. It was sober, thoughtful and inspiring as he portrayed the Negro in his days of pomp and pride of empire back to his days of slavery and his determination now to apply the last and only remedy, which is organization. Among other things, he said: "By organization his forces of 400,000,000, sentimentally, educationally, industrially and commercially, he will from his improved environment and activities in life stock out politically for national independence." Too much praise cannot be given to Mrs. Robinson Brown Tennyson and others who contributed to the tasteful decoration of the hall. Mr. Ferguson, an ardent member of the Havana Branch, loaned us the portrait of His Excellency the Hon. Marcus Garvey, which made our hall typical of his high ideals. The meeting was intended for a membership drive and a public donation for raising aid for the purchase of our charter, for which we made three members—$14.55 for charter, $16.20 gate receipts. All bonuses kind regards and best wishes are due Mr. E. Monahan, the organizer of this trench, who faithfully and unitarily did all he could to bring about this branch. We thank everybody for the success of our new drive and concert. W. W. TENNYSON, General Secretary, Reserve Communicable Haven, New York RHEUMATISM If you are troubled with RHEL MATISM PAINS and STIFFNESS in JOINTS and MUSCLES, try Joynzons Capsules at once. You'll be surprised how it helps. Your blood becomes pure. No more stiff, aching joints, no more SCIATICA, LUMBAGO, all the Rheumatic, Neuralgic Pains gone. Don't delay! Why suffer any longer? Send for this wonderful remedy at once! Special offer 43 capsules sent by mail upon receipt of one dollar (in 2 cent stamps, cash or money order). Write your name and address plainly. CHEMIST SAKSON, Box 47, Hamilton Grange Sta. NEW YORK CITY NOTICE TO MEMBERS OF U.N.I.A. CIVIL SERVICE EXAMINATION The Civil Service Commission of the Universal Negro Improvement Association desiring one thousand new Civil Servants for executive work will hold examination at the following places: Get all information from your President as to hour and place of sitting. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION 56 West 135th Street NEW YORK GUABITO, CUBA, U. N. I. A. NEWS The Guabito Division No. 18, U. N. I. A. and A. C. L. is glad to report for the information of its members in general and also friends and well-wishers that under strenuous efforts the work still progresses. The divisio president, an ardent worker, spares no pain, but seizes all available means to be active and vigilant in carrying out his work, making visits to the various branches and doing all in his power to make the work a success. Sundry visits have been paid to branches such as Victoria, Barranco, Dos Canos, Elena, Farm 2, Washington. Las Delicias was also visited, where we expect to organize a branch soon. On the 13th of August a branch was organized at Dos Canos, where the following officers were installed. J. Raymond, president, J. Wallace, vice-president, H. Zorna, secretary, Mra. Zorne, lady president. At Farm 3 the following officers were also installed J. Brown, president, A. Thomas, vice-president, J. Williams, secretary, Mary Grant, lady president Mrs. R McDonald, lady vice-president, Miss Mabel Walters, treasurer, Miss Gladys Stewart, secretary. Barranco branch works steadily, as also Victoria, which bids fair to do its best. We are not free from various propaganda working against the success of the work of the division Novetliss our officers are determined to uphold the cause of the Red, the Black and the Green. Mass meetings are being held in our Liberty Hall) Vinton Hall on Sundays and Thursdays, and there can always be heard soul-stirring addresses to revive and enliven the visitors and those who are willing to work for the cause of the African Redemption The Victoria branch is now endeavoring to build a Liberty Hall in the near future On Tuesday night, November 8, a grand Silver Tree entertainment was given ininton Hall, Guabito. An enjoyable time was spent, and all left fully satisfied J R THOMAS, Executive Secretary THE U. N. I. A. IN SAN GERONIMO, CUBA, FORGING AHEAD THE U. N. I. A. IN SAN GERONIMO, CUBA, FORGING AHEAD The San Geronimo Division No. 181 has once more made its appearance in the columns of the Negro World, after six months of dead silence. Of course, we were silent, but not dead (thank God for that). We can assure you that this division has passed the real test of time and circumstances, and has lived during the six months of the closing down of the factory. The President, Mr James D. Hylton, seeing the condition of affairs, resigned his commission and left for Jamaica. The General Secretary and his assistant, the Chapman and Treasurer and about 80 per cent of the members left for other fields in search of work. Then the life of the division became very gloomy—no work and no money in hand. The life of the division was all but gone; in fact it was rumored in Banshe and other places that San Geronimo division closed down, but little did they know that the First Vice-President, Mr. S. M. Wilburgh, with dogmatic determination decided that the doors of our Liberty Hall must be kept open and our colors kept floating in the bresea. Assisted by Mr Jno. A. Jardine, second vice-president, we went to Mr Campania (a Cuban merchant and a thorough gentleman), the owner of the hall, and asked him to let us have the use of it free of charge during the dead season and he readily granted our request. Mr Willburgh, our acting president, at once started with religious services every Sunday at $ 30 p. m. at the same time sounding the note of the U N L A and using our ritual. By this means the few members were kept together until Christmas Sunday, when one of our energetic members in the person of Mr Joseph J. Leach, staged a grand sacred concert in the hall at $ 30 p. m. followed by a secular one on Monday night, which aroused great enthusiasm and infused some life and vigor in the few members to make a fresh start in the new year. The factory has just started operation on a minor scale and some of our members are coming in slowly, and we hope soon to be able to invite our commissioner in here for the election of officers, and have a good time in old San Geronimo. lours for racial uplift. JOHN A. JARDINE. Acting Secretary COMMISSIONER O'MEALLY VISITS ANCIENT CAPITAL OF SAN JAGO DE LA VEGA COMMISSIONER O'MEALLY VISITS ANCIENT CAPITAL OF SAN JAGO DE LA VEGA On Sunday the High Commissioner took his courage in his hands and visited the conservative town of Spanish Town, the stronghold of one of the opponents of the U N I A. He was met at the station by a deputation consisting of the president, secretary and a few members A procession was on the cards, but the Commissioner decided that it was better for the car with the band to be sent around the town to advertise the meeting. The hall was comfortably packed and the Commissioner proceeded to explain the objects and aims of the U N. I. A. This he did in a sane and intelligent manner. We believe that our Commissioner will in a short time convert all the intelligent an unprejudiced Negroes in the island. One old gentleman on rising to move a vote of thanks for Mr O'Meally said that the visitor had spoken good words and true. He remembered that as a boy his great ambition was to be of service to his race, to which he took a job as bellows blower for the organ in the cathedral. He soon observed, however, that no colored parsons were allowed the privilege to preach from the pulpit, and that he would become old in the service of bellows blowing. He is no longer an Anglican, because he cannot attend a church where the colored man is not regarded as a man and a brother. We hope that the officers of the Spanish Town Division will have the courage to dare and the will to endure. BRUCE A. FORBES, Executive Secretary. MEMBERS OF THE U. N. I. A. KEEP YOUR EYES OPEN AN INDICTMENT for GRAND LARCENY has been entered against REV. J. D BROOKS, a former SECRETARY-GENERAL of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, for non-accounting for monies received for the organization, and he is now awaiting trial This is a WARNING to all those who handle the funds of the U. N. L. A. No stone will be left unturned to bring to justice guilty parties who may endeavor to defraud the Universal Negro Improvement Association. Members all over the world are requested to see that all those who handle the funds of all local divisions account for every penny received in the name of the organization month by month. Failing to give proper account will call for immediate criminal action by members and officers responsible. See to it that your division keeps straight. Only when we are honest to ourselves can we successfully build up the race. And see that everybody lives up to it By Orderr UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION MARCUS GARVEY, President-General ```markdown ``` send BLOO and we will send you a full supply that you can begin work with at once also agent's terms. Dend all money by money order to THE STAR HAIR GROWER MF R. P, O. Box B12, Greenboro, B. K. --- It was indeed an unexpected pleasure to we-come in our midst Mr E. V Morales, the High Commissioner for Cuba, on Christmas Day. We are sorry to report that he came to us with impaired health. Through exposure, rough accommodations on the Central lines of Cuba, and overwork, he contracted a cold and became a prey to fever. For want of proper care he was compelled to leave Camaguey for Banes. We did our very best and after a short stay of two weeks in our midst he was able to start on the onward march again 100 per cent. 'It' Though sick, as a true and whole-hearted worker, he did much for the division. He met the officers in conference on several occasions, instructing, strengthening and stimulating us to hold on and never let go until a Padoemed Africa shall have become a reality. Special mention must be made of the rousing mass meeting which was held in Liberty Hall on January 8, when Mr Egbert Newton, the enthusiastic first vice-president of the division, presided. He gave a very stirring address, electrifying the audience with his eloquence, encouraging us to press forward until the goal is reached. The High Commissioner gave his farewell address on the said evening. He roused the audience to the highest heights of enthusiasm. He laid great emphasis on the power of unity, giving an illustration of the power of unity, which exhibited on the isthmus of Panama. He drove home to his hearers the fact that now is the time for the unification and solidification of the race. Banes is determined to continue in the fight" for racial uplift until the colors of the Red, the Black and the Green shall be planted on Africa's shore. Thinking you in advance for space. JEMIMA KELSO. Executive Secretary. Banes, Cuba. January 10, 1922 NEW ABERDEEN DIVISION OF U. N. I. A. & A. C. L., CANADA I desire to make mention of the resignation of ex-President A. Bush and ex-Vice-President R. B. Eastwick, who relinquished their office on October 16, 1971, not misrepresenting the position of their office, but for peace. These two officers are certainly keeping up to the promise quoted in their resignation correspondence to the members of the Aberdeen Division, that they will do all that lies in their power for the redemption of Africa. Mr. Small was also called upon to speak at a mass meeting on November 13. His subject was, "The Man of the Hour. Let me say that Mr. Small is not from the high schools nor a college graduate, but as a promise through the "Propheta" for the "Hamica," he. too, has kept the attendance of his hearers on this subject, as he struck way out in the aims and objects of Garvoyism "The man of the hour," the man whom God has raised up to tell the world Africa is for the Africans at home and abroad. As we make up the four hundred millions, as we picture the struggles, as we look towards our motherland, Africa, we see her signs, we hear her biddings— Mid pleasures and palaces There is no place like Africa. In conclusion let me say to you man bers of the Aberdeen Division, for membership's sake, for posterity's sake, for relationship's sake of a new Ethiopian kingdom in Africa, let not the sun go down upon our wrath. You truly, ASTLEY C. HUNTE. President of the New Aberdeen Division, Nova Scotia, Canada. The卑西 POSITIVE HAIR GROWER and DANDRUFF RESERVE GLOVER'S MANE MEDICINE Sold for 25 Years. Payment on the卑西 mailed free on application to B. CLAY GLOVER CO., 118 W. Std 33, R. & C. HIGH COM. O'NEALLY STARTLES KINGSTON, JAMAICA, WITH HIS SPEECH ON "COLONIAL OFFICE AND NATIVE POLICY" KINGSTON, Jan. 9, 1922—On Sunday night, January 9, in the absence of Mr H. M. Jones, president of the Kingston division of the U. N. I. A., the Hon 'ommissioner, Mr. James O'Meally, took the chair. A bright and instructive program was carried through. The meeting opened with the singing of the hymn, "From Greenland's loy Mountain," followed by a few selections by the choir. The first speaker of the evening was Mr. O'Meally, who delivered a masterly, intelligent and highly instructive discourse on the policy of the British Colonial Office toward native and subject races. He said in part: It would appear as if England had departed from her early Victorian policy of working for the improvement of her subject and native races and had now entered upon a shameless policy of exploiting the darker races for the benefit of her citizens. The U. N. L. A. is absolutely necessary if Negroes are to get equal and just treatment from the other races of the world. The Negroes in America and especially those in the West Indies, are hardly aware of the advantages which are taken of our African brothers. There was no doubt about it that in certain parts of Africa under British rule there were two standards of justice—one for white and one for black. He quoted the famous case of Watta and Betsohart, who were accused of doing to death in the most brutal way 60s of their native employees. During the trial the jury reduced the charge to "simple hurt." Only the other day there was another case of a native who for some trivial offense was so beaten by his employer that he was taken to a hospital in a condition of collapse, where he had to stay for many weeks. Again the charge was reduced to one of "simple hurt." Think of it! When white men murder Negroes or cruelly ill-treat them it is pronounced a case of "simple hurt" by a white English jury. O God! do you not see, my dear friends, the necessity of uniting and working towards a speedy redemption of our motherland? May God hasten the day when the U N I A will be able to put a stop to these damnable atrocities and demand prompt restitution for the sons of Ethiopia! It is doubtful whether one person in a hundred thousand in the world realizes how terribly low British administration has fallen in respect of its treatment of native races. Colored men in certain territories are now forbidden by legislation to exercise the elementary right of employing counsel in their own defense, even when on trial for their lives, unless they obtain the permission of the chief executive, a permission which is seldom forthcoming. Do you not know that they are actually putting our Afri an brothers back into slavery? It is well that you should realize this fact, because if you give the white man half chance here in Jamaica, he will put you back into slavery before you are aware of it. Not satisfied with ill-treating the native, they are now robbing and despoiling him of his lands. If they continue in this policy they must expect either to annihilate the Africans or to return them to their lands, because land to the native African is his life, and when you take his land you might as well take his life. A careful survey of African history will show you that nearly every native war has been due to land struggles. You may rob the African of his political freedom, take his cattle or even his wives, but when you take his lands he will fight you to the bitter end, in spite of your airplanes, machine guns, cannon, gas and other frightfulness. ..... The Commissioner brought his address to a close by praying that God might guard the Red, the Black and the Green from the rent of treason and from murder's red stain—that its folows may be guarded till the reign of universal peace has been established, when "every man shall worship God under his own vine and fig tree and swords shall be beaten into poughsharen." At this stage Mr O'Meally introduced one Mr. James Deane, a young African, who was to loa e with Mr. Johnson, another African, for Avonmouth, Eng., to be sent on to the West Coast of Africa. Mr. Deane gave us a beautiful sentimental song and his bell like tones were well appreciated by the audience, who asked for an encore. These African brothers sent away from Jamaica will be useful and have promised to render youman service in the cause of Africa and the U. N. I. A. The last speaker on the program was Dr. Rudway, who upon rising was accorded hearty applause. The doctor gave a wonderful address, to which we shall refer in our next communication to you. BRUCE A. FORBES. Executive Secretary. REPORT OF SAN FRANCISCO DIVISION The San Francisco Division had another great honor bestowed upon it. by the presence of the Rilghf Hon Minister of Legions Captr E. L. Gaines, who addressed the citations of this city on Monday night, January 12, at Bethel Church, to a large and enthulastic audience. The program commenced at eight o'clock by singing, "From Greenland's Joy Mountains," which was followed with a short address by our worthy president, Prof J. J. Adam. Prof. Adam spoke with much feeling on the greatness of the occasion, and how much "Gail's visit meant to this city and to our division. Mrs. Louise M. Brown, ex-secretary, gave a welcome address. Mrs. Plains, Robinson, general secretary, gave a piano selection. Mme. Ford, THE U. N. I. A. TRUCK QUICK DELIVERY LIGHT AND HEAVY HAULING ORDERS RECEIVE PROMPT ATTENTION Phone Harlem 2877 TWO TRIPS MADE DOWNTOWN DAILY ALPHONSO JONES J5 WEST 135TH STREET U. N. I. A. Building ex-lady president, responded with a few remarks. Dr. E. B. Thompson then introduced the Right Honorable Minister of Legiona, Capt. E. L. Gains, who was the main speaker of the evening. Capt. Gains' subject was on the objects and aims of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League. His wonderful personality and great magnification made him beloved by all of those that were present that night, telling of the wonderful work that was being accomplished by the U. N. L. A. and what great obstacles the organization were overcoming in their progress to the fulfillment of their aim, the unifying of the Negro peoples of the world, and a redeemed Africa. I am sure that the people of this bay city have never heard a more powerful and eloquent speaker driving his points so forceful and so true upon the minds of the audience in his own magnetic and romantic way, instilling in the hearts of everyone the great need of becoming united and working toward the one goal. At the conclusion of Capt. Gaina lecture, collection was then taken up after which the National Anthem was sung. Rev Gillousbey, dismissed with prayer. Tuesday night, Capt Gains spoke at the Baptist Church, explaining to the people many things we did not know about the work of the organization and its many enterprises, dwelling at length and impressively on the necessity of supporting the Black Star Lina. Capt. Gains then formed a division of the African Legion, commissioning Mr. S. Howel as Capt. of First Company, Mr. L. F. Alexander, first lieutenant, and Mr. W. C Handy, second lieutenant. The Black Cross Nurses was then formed. Mrs. Bar-nger, appointed lady president of the Ladies Division and of the Blacl Cross Nurses. Mrs. Williams was appointed as assistant. Mrs. L. Morse was then appointed president of the Juveniles. Collection was taken up, after which the audience arose as the National Anthem was sung. Rev. Dennis dismissing. Mrs. LOUISE BROWN. Ex Sect. Protem. 1853 Ellis St., San Francisco, Cal. DR. RUDOLPH SMITH SWEEPS CLEVELAND Cleveland Electrified by the Oratory of Dr. Rudolph Smith While He Expounds the Doctrines of the U. N. I. A. The Cleveland divisions of the Universal Negro Improvement Association are being honored by the presence of his Excellency the Hon. Dr. Rudolph Smith. Since the visit of this wonderful speaker in the city there was a remarkable change in the condition of the organization. Not only were the members of the organization treated to the magnificent personality of the representative, but the general public as a whole, for night after night there were large mass meetings held at different points throughout the city, and in every instance the halls, which were some of the largest, were packed to standing capacity. On Sunday evening, January 8, the limit of the series of campaigns was reached when, overnight, the meeting was advertised to be at the Engineers' Building, said to have a hall with the second largest seating capacity in the city. This meeting was scheduled to begin at 8 o'clock, by but by 6 o'clock it would have taken a Sampson not less than thirty minutes to travel from the entrance of the hall half-way up the aisle. On that evening it was said that over 800 people had to return home because of the lack of room. The campaigns of the Hon. Dr. Smith were so seriously conducted, so systematically arranged and in every instance so very successful that a study of his methods are absolutely essential in putting over his program. Deeply respectful of authority and at the same time with an air of superciliousness when promulgating the objects of the organization to those who regard the organization with feelings of the bitterest aversion, he would, in his usual florid style, impressive expression and cheerful optimism, stick to his opponent until he was persuaded. Since the arrival of Dr. Smith in the district he applied himself to his task with all the tenacity of a singularly tenacious mind, and by his persuasive eloquence he has added many new followers under the sigils of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, thereby winning unprecedented triumphs for the organization, hence presenting to the officers an unassailable front and a reawakening of Negroes to life after an enforced torpor of over 280 years. As a lizard we find in Dr. Smith everything to admire and nothing to condemn. He is brave, farseeing, quick in sight, immediate in action, bold and canulous, prudent and daring. Long may he live, and may he always give his unstinted support to the U N. I. A. is the wish of Cleveland division. WESLEY Mc. HOLDER. Executive Secretary. THE NECRO WORLD, SATURDAY, 8 ANUARY 20, 1922 CANAGUEY, CUBA, CHAPTER NO. 239 CELEBRATES HER FIRST ANNIVERSARY WITH GLOWING SUCCESS On Sunday, December 26, at 8 o'clock precisely, the program of the first anniversary of the Camaguey Division of the U. N. I. A. and A. C. L. was opened and an exceptionally large audience witnessed the proceedings. The hall was decorated by Brothers Vechor, Bailey and others with beautiful flowers and colors of red, black and green. Upon the platform were seated the nine selected speakers, our president, Mr. Ethibel Blackwood, and Mr. Franouco Gomes Debela, vice-president of the Havana Division, included. With Mr. H. Augus, secretary of the division, as chairman, we had a magnificent service. Our program was well arranged. The Hon. Ethibel Blackwood, president, gave the first address, which was received with loud cheers. He then introduced the chairman, who responded to his call with thankfulness and proceeded to the beginning of the program which was as follows: Solo, Lady President Miss Eva Hylton; roitation, Second Vice-President Miss R. Vassell; dust, "Happy Christmas," Missra. H. and M. Buchanan; address, Second Vice-President of Havana Division, quartet, "Gather Them in," Mrs. M. Wilson and others; roitation, First Lady Vice-President Miss Dickenson; address Mr. A. Clarke, solo, President Ethelbert Blackwood "Come into the Fold," address, Treasurer Mr. B. Harry, roitation, Miss M J. Sutherland, "Hurrah for Garvey"; solo, First Vice-President Miss P. Vassell, quartet, "Garvey and His Warriors"; address, A. Lowie, chairman Trustee Board, solo, "Rocked in the Cradle," President Blackwood, address, Lewis G. Bech, selection by band, collection, address, Chaplin White, dust by Messra H. and M. Buchanan. At this point the chairman read the report of the year's work of the division, financial, numerical and otherwise, which was well accepted. Part of this report was directly connected with the organizer, Mr. F. Greenidge, and the different presidents and secretaries, showing the work they had done. Too much praise cannot be given to Mr. F. Greenidge, who first brought to us the light of this prospective and universal propaganda and who was made president of our division before we were chartered. Mr. J. C. T. Ramsey was his successor and presided for seven months with brilliant results. He was forced to resign his post through the economic depression which now surrounds the world, and left for his home in Barbados after a faithful seven months' service. Mr. T. E. Myers succeeded him and did remarkably well at first, but afterward fell back, and he was dismissed. Mr. E. Blackwood is our president at present, and he is doing fairly well, improving all the time. Should distinctions and honors be given, plenas bear these in mind: Mr. F. Greenidge, founder and first vice-president; Mr. J. C. T. Ramsey, second president; Miss Clarice Broadley and Mr. W. D. Myre, secretaries. Most of these honored gentlemen and ladies of position resigned with good wishes for our success. The day of our anniversary will always be remembered to account of the eloquence of the speakers, especially Mr Francisco Gomes Debolan, second vice-president of the Havana Division, who for the second time raised excitement among the Cuban listeners and many of them came over the line. The service ended happily. Secretary Cainaguy Division. HIGH COMMISSIONER OF NEW JERSEY VISITS ATLANTIC CITY --- The Atlantic City Division of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League was honored by a visit of the High Commissioner for the State of New Jersey, the Hon. Henry S. Hodge, from January 3 to 9. Only four meetings were held, owing to the fact that the churches are in a revival. The meetings were inspiring and filled with enthusiasm. Special mention should be made of the one of Friday, January 4, at Lipcom's Hait, Baltimore and Delaware avenues. The president, after calling on many members for a testimony, introduced Professor Buck, formerly of the parent body. Mr Buck made a splendid address, receiving great applause. The president then began to introduce the principal speaker of the evening. Hon. Hodge, when he was interrupted by a voice from the lower end of the hall, which proved to be the proprietor of the hall, who said, "Mr President, before introducing the High Commissioner I want to say that I am very much impressed with this movement and this hall is opened to you any Friday night." The commissioner then rose and said, "Let us raise three cheers for the U. N. L. A., to which everyone heartily responded. This was considered a victory for the association, being our first meeting in this hall. Mr Hodge then spoke on a subject selected by the president, "Will the destruction of warships and the reduction of THE UNIVERSAL STEAM LAUNDRY After undergoing strenuous repairs has been repaired. We are now in a much better position to serve you. Therefore we call upon our former customers and well-wishers to leave orders, to call for your wet wash or finished Laundry at G2 West 142d Street or at the booth in Liberty Hall, and we will assure you PROMPT SERVICE IN RETURN Go do not forget to let us do your washing because all our work is done by experienced hands REMEMBER THIS IS YOUR LAUNDRY Therefore it can only remain open through your individual support. Thanking for your past patronage and hoping you will continue to do your bit towards the UNIVERSAL STEAM LAUNDRY OUR MOTTO—EFFICIENCY AND SERVICE UNDER THE supervision of the DEPARTMENT OF LABOR AND INDUSTRY armies bring peace to the world? How may permanent peace be attained? He outlined this subject in a most brilliant manner, keeping his heart spellbound for nearly an hour. There being no place available for holding a meeting Monday night, many members, including the president, met at the vice-president's home, and a pleasant evening was spent with Mr. Hodge in games, rostrations, etc. Refreshments were served. Mr. Hodge is a brilliant young man and has won the hearts o the Atlantic City Division. He left for Pleasantville Tuesday evening, accompanied by sixteen of the Atlantic City members, including President Walla, where he will spend two days. It would scarcely be fair to close this letter without touching on the past and present of the Atlantic City Division. The past year has been a trying one. We have stood the acid test and proved ourselves loyal to the colors. Witnessing the one with the eye and reading of the other, it would scarcely be exaggerating in principle to compare these struggles with the battle of Thermopylae, for even as Leonidas and his little Spartan band preferred death to dishorn at the hand of Xerxes, President Walls and his faithful band of Garveyels dared death rather than that the Ked, Black and Green of the Atlantic City Division should trail in the dust or the great principles of the association should be dishonored by the enemy. But, thank God, a great change has come about. "For the storm has ceased, the winter is over and gone, and the voice of the turtle dove is heard in our midst." Thank you, you for space, respectfully yours, ULRIC MARSHALL. UNVEILING OF CHARTER OF GUANABACOA DIV. NO. 484, HAVANA PROVINCE UNVEILING OF CHARTER OF GUANABACOA DIV. NO. 484, HAVANA PROVINCE At 5 p. m. our great meeting was opened with the singing of our opening hymn, "From Greenland's Ice Mountain," followed by the conventional prayer. God of the Right. Mr. W. W. Tennyson, general secretary, acted chairman. He gave a welcoming address to the members and friends from the city of Havana. After explaining what the meeting was for, he then introduced Mr. Yearwood, pastor of the Village, as master of ceremonies. The master of ceremonies, before taking his coat, expressed his appreciation on to the honor conferred on him as to preside over a meeting of such great importance. Recitation by Mrs. Tennison. "The Negro Hope Song," by the choir, address by lady president, Mrs. Nora Pearson on Negro greatness; song by the choir, address by Mr. T Bowers on corporation, song by the choir, song by Mrs. Tennison and others. "Jesu Still Lead On." Collection of the evening. $15.15. Address by the president. Mr G. W. Wooda, on "Organization" Sermon subject, Deuteronomy, 28th chapter, "And It Should Come to Pass." by Rev. Yearwood. Unveiling of the charter by young Miss Pearson and young Master Pearson. Both children displayed great mental ability as they lifted the veil of the chart, while the audience stood and sang the Ethiopian National Anthem. Mr. Clark, president of Havana division, was introduced by the master of ceremonies to read the contents of the chart. Song by the choir. Address by Mr. Clark, president of Havana division, who followed the trend of history and explained that the Negro was the first to serve the Lord and shall be the last. Song by Mrs. Monroe; Happy New Year address by the Representative of the Rising Star of Cuba Lodge. Independent Order of Mechanics, in the person of Mr. W E. T Pearson S. Gobb, on corporation and association. Address by Mr. N. Brown, vice-president. Thanking all members and friends for their haughty support, I am, Fraternally yours, W TENNYSON, Gen. Sec. Reparto Guanabacona 1A Los Angeles Buayo January 5, 1922. 42 West 142nd Street THE U. N. L. A. AND A. C. L. DIVISION IN DAYTON, OHIO On Sunday, January 18, in the afternoon, the Dayton Division was stirred to the heights of race consciousness at a mass meeting held at the Odd Fellows' Hall, corner of Fifth and Mound street, Dayton, Ohio. The meeting was opened in the usual manner when the Black Cross Nurses marched from the ante-room in the rear of the hall to the roostrum and was seated around the officers of the division. A very soul-stirring address was made by the Hon. Mr. Grant Kitchinga, who related to the congregation some mighty strong points along the line of the meaning, aims and objects of the organization. President John. H. Neely had the secretary to read a telegram which he received from the parent body concerning the arrest of the Hon. Marcus Garvey. After the reading of the telegram the honorable president gave out some very strong points relating to the enemies of the Hon. Marcus Garvey and his movement. He held the congregation spellbound for about ten minutes, after which the Garvey song was sung by the division, with the Hon. Secretary W. O. Sampson at the piano. The Rev. H. V. Kelle was then introduced by the president. Mrs Susie Carrington then sang a beautiful solo entitled, "Do Something for Somebody." Rev. Charles Walker was next to the platform, and gave a hot talk in regard to enemies of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. The president then introduced the High Commissioner of the State of Ohio, the Hon. William L. Sherrill, who poured it out to the members and visitors which numbered about three hundred. The Hon. Mr. Sherrill spent three-quarters of an hour on the floor and he said enough in that space of time to convert every Negro—man, woman or child—in the city of Dayton, into the movement. Mr. Sherrill is a wonderful speaker, and the association is doing a great work if it does nothing else, but put such men out on the field as the Hon. Mr. Sherrill. He converted as many as four during his speech. After the talk of Mr. Sherrill an offering was then taken. All joined in singing "Our Home in Africa," closing the meeting at 6 p.m. to resume again at eight. The evening meeting was opened by singing "From Greenland's Icy Mountain", address, by Mra. Millie White, solo, by Mia Eva Morris, solo, by Mra. Susie Carrington; address, by the Hon. Secretary W. O. Sampson; recitation, by Miss Virginia Hendricks. An offering was taken by the treasurer. Bryant Fitchpatrick. While the Garvey song was being rendered by the division, played by W. O. Sampson, the Hon. Mr. William L. Sherrill was then introduced. Mr. Sherrill spoke on the subject, "The Spirit of Garveyism." He gave a more interesting talk on the subject of Garveyism than he did in his afternoon talk. After the most supporting address from the Honorable Mr. Sherrill, the meeting was dismissed by the singing of the Universal Ethiopian Anthem, led by the Hon. W O. Sampson. The High Commissioner then read a notice that all officers meet him at Abraham Lincoln Club Monday evening at 7.80 o'clock for business. Mr. Sherrill then left Dayton, Ohio, for Middletown, Ohio, on Tuesday, Jan- LIBERIA Is the Place Where MILLIONS of DOLLARS are obtainable in Exchange for American Products and Commodities. Get us as your Agents and watch result Address. BOWENS and BOWENS CO. Box 23, Monrovia, Liberia, W. C. A. "Buyers and Sellers of Everything" NEW YORK CITY has been reopened. We are now you. Therefore we call upon our to leave orders, to call for your 12 West 142d Street or at the booth are you ANCE IN RETURN or washing because all our work is relienced hands IS YOUR LAUNDRY on through your individual support. e and helping you will continue to towards the nary 17, where he will spend Tuesday and Wednesday night. The receipts for the Sunday meeting was $46.68. JOHN H. NEELY, President W. O. SAMPSON, Secretary. 421 Parker avenue, Dayton, Ohio. B- BOOKLYN, N. Y., DIVISION HAS AWAKENED TO DUTY The Juvenile (of the Brooklyn Division) held an inspiring concert, under the supervision of their superintendent, Mrs. Hattie Grillo. Although the encumbrance of the weather was not favorable, many members turned out to greet the young ones, who in turn rendered an excellent poem entitled "Africa a Redemption, Captain J. Armstrong rendered a solo entitled "Asleep in the Deep." Mrs. A. Dowel and Miss Iryne Husband also rendered excellent solos, Mr. O. Welah, 1st vice-president of the Division, rendered a poem entitled "Unity". President R. Austin, of the division, gave a short address pleading to the members, asking those present to forget all that had occurred in the past year, to put their trust in God, to have more confidence in their leader and push the battle for Africa's redemption. Although the warfare be weary, the trials be severe, in the might of our God we will stand. We will be true to ourselves and the U. N. L. A. as a whole, until we reach our dear Fatherland. R. AUSTIN, President, Brooklyn, N. Y., U. N. I. A. SPANISH THE UNI- VERSAL LANGUAGE SPANISH THE UNI- VERSAL LANGUAGE By NEGTOR CANO "Spanish! Spanish!" The clamor of the people lost its echo in the amphitheatre of that wonder city of the age, New York city. A great struggle between the English speaking people of the commercial world to control the markets of the Spanish speaking countries brought forth the ambition which, condensing itself into a living ideal, became the aim of the business magnates of the U. B. A. "America First," they soclaimed, and from that day on the United States of America became engaged in the work of teaching its inhabitants the language which Cervantes made immortal, which Luis de Leon beautiful and which countless other writers and poets have enriched and made one of the most beautiful languages of the literary world. Alas! "Let there be light," and the sun shone! Alas! "Let there be beauty and literature," and from the robust minds of celebrated and never-to-be-forgotten men sprung forth, like lightning, the most beautiful words, the greatest clauses ever produced, and the Spanish language was made. And the rid celebrated its arrival with "Long live the language of the greatest colonizers of old epochs!" Those men never thought of the struggle which in order to conquer the language which they produced was going to be brought about by the potentates of the business world. And the plant of knowledge, whose seed was planted by great masters of NOW READY All divisions of the Universal Negro Improvement Association are requested to send in their orders for the New Constitutions of the Organization as amended at the last Convention, to the Secretary-General's Office. By Order UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION MARCUS GARVEY, President-General NOTICE To All Divisions and Members of the UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION A copy of the records of all Divisions, Branches, Chapters and members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association has been stolen from the Secretary-General's office by some one who was employed by the organization, either as an officer, an employee or an agent. This record, as stolen, may be used by the person or persons concerned, to write to the members and officers of the divisions of the organization for their own minister or other purposes. Divisional officers and members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association receiving letters from organisations or other movements or individuals, asking them to trapfier their allegiance from the U. N. K. A. to theirs, or asking any obligation, will ignore such appeals, and will realise immediately that such communication had its origin in the desire of the organization, movement or individual to undermine the solidarity of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. You have formed the Universal Negro Improvement Association for the realisation of an object. For should support it for that object, do not allow others who may be more self-sacrifice to confuse you by disclosing your insigne finance in supporting everything, and waging war, when you could have supported one good thing and made it succeed. Look out for new communications. Send them to any officer. By order: UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION letters, grew to be a useful tree with tasteful fruits that the world in general wishes to share. And once more, under the influence of people and business, subjugates they accustomed from a compact mass, another greeting was heard, and from end to end of the universal business world another clamor fouls its echo in its vast amphitheatre, and "Long live the Spanish language" repercussions through the immense sphere of the world! The Marcus Garvey Gigar Pure Havana, perfectly hand-made, in two different shapes. We offer these delightful smoking cigars at wholesale price. 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LOUIS, MO. the Universal Negro Association are re their orders for the of the Organization last Convention, to oral's Office. . 13 La Lucha Por la Libertad Del Africa se Espande Por el Universo—Nuestra Raza No Puede Ser Por Mas Tiempo Engañada—La Propaganda Para Desaccreditar Al Director de Nuestra Causa Está Sobreentendida—Los Hebreos No Pudieron Crucificar Al Cristo Porque No Tenían Poder; Tuvieron Que Valerse de Los Romanos—Los Traildores Tratan de Injuriar al Honorable Marcus Garvey, Pero No Teniendo Poder se Valen de Otros Conclusidados de nuestra raza, salud: Durante la evolución de todo movimiento de reforma llega un momento en que los enemigos de los derechos del pueblo, por medio de sus hechos, se declaran en lucha abierto y esto da lugar a que se tome una acción universal. La mza negra, como las demas razas, las cuales han luchado por su emancipación, ha de encontrarse con hostilidades e interrupciones de todas clases, procedentes de propios y extratrios. Los que hemos constituido La Asociación Universal para el Adelanto de la Raza Negra y hemos estado interesados en su desenvolvimiento, conocemos a fondo los motivos del sinnámuro de contratiempos, forzados en contra del gran movimiento. Como Presidente General de la Organización me corresponde la dirección de las demas corporaciones auxiliares con el propósito de controlar como controla todo presidente los varios departamentos de su gobierno. Siendo imposible para un solo hombre atender a todas las funciones de cada puesto, se hace necesario nombrar jefes de los diferentes departamentos, los cuales son responsables de las conducta observada en estos. Todos sabemos que nuestra organización representa la ambición de los cuatro cientos millones de nuestra raza, los cuales clamoran libertad, verdadera libertad en todas partes, especialmente la emancipación de Africa. Todas sabemos que nuestra organización es el movimiento de mas poder de nuestra raza que historia alguna haya registrado, creando por consiguiente un sentimiento internacional entre los elementos de nuestra raza y que esta, sin compromisos de ninguna especie, demanda igualdad de derecho para todo aquello que se considere humano. El esofritu de este nuevo sentimiento causa gran inquietud entre otros elementos cuyo lema es perturbar la paz y el progreso de los demas. Ellos se valen de todos los medios posibles para destruir la utilidad de nuestra Organización, haciendo imposible nuestra transformación de hombres esclavos en hombres libres, con todos los derechos a que somos acreedores. La opinión característica del Negro antiguo revela a aquellos que desean la destrucción de la raza, que donde quiera que un número de nuestros elementos se organice con el propósito de reclamar sus derechos, lo mas práctico es posesionarse de su director y de uno u otro modo deshacerse de el, desalentando de ese modo el espíritu de aquellos que no estan satisfechos con su condición actual. Pero todo cambia con el transcurso del tiempo; el Negro del presente en vez de desbandarse después que hayan encarselado, linchado o hecho desaparecer a su director, so mantiene firme en su propósito y presenta nuevos directores que ocupen el puesto del anterior en el campo de acción. Esta última ha sido la actitud de todos los pueblos que han luchado por su libertad. El método antiguo de golpear al pastor y desbandar las ovejas no puede ser aplicado por mas tiempo al Negro del presente, el cual ha aspirado el ambiente de libertad y está determinado a vivir bajo los benditos rayos de una verdadera democracia. Aquellos que han seguido de cerca las evoluciones de la Asociación Universal para el Adelanto de la Raza Negra por los dos últimos años, conocen los diseminados enemigos de nuestro movimiento, los cuales han sido eliminados de nuestra Organización por deshonestos, inabilitados y otras causas. Nuestros enemigos se encuentran no solamente en organizaciones, sino también en poderes gubernamentales los cuales tienen posesiones coloniales en Africa y tienen miedo de perderlas por medio de la influencia de nuestra Organización. Toda clase de métodos y medios han sido utilizados para ridiculizarme, pero estos individuos no teniendo poder, nada práctico han conseguido. Oltimamente han empezado a inundar los diferentes departamentos del gobierno de los Estados Unidos de América con quejas maliciosas para que el gobierno de un modo o de otro me conceptue como criminal y puedan ellos tener material para publicar el crimen imaginario de que se me acuse. THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, JANUARY 28, 1922 ni en pais alguno donde ley y orden sean mantenidos. Cuando llege el momento oportuno, los hechos de estos individuos, usados como instrumentos para interceptar el progreso de su misma raza, han de ser exquestos para que reciban la sanción de la opinión pública. plan completo para la cional. Los correligionario zón le han asegurado forma será aceptada. Hasta aquí la info tomamos de un diar Ninguna causa verdadera puede perecer; nuestra causa no puede morir. Todos sabemos que nuestra Organización se fortifica con mayor fuerza después de cada batalla librada por su existencia, y hemos de demostrarlo de nuevo sobreponiéndonos a la sombra que actualmente trata de ocurrecer nuestros destinos. Africa, las Antillas, Centro y Sur America y demas divisiones de nuestra Organización han de mantenerse en pie por la gran causa de la libertad del Negro. Estamos preparados en todas partes y pequeñeces de esta naturaleza no nos soprenden, pues tales han sido siempre los métodos usados por los enemigos de libertad humana. Robert Emmet and Roger Casement lucharon y murieron por la libertad de Irlanda; O'Connell, Parnell, Redmond, Griffiths, Collins y De Valera han luchado y han ganado la libertad de Irlanda. Zagloul Pasha lucha por la libertad de Egipto. El ha sido deportado de su país y secluido en Ceylon, pero la causa de Egipto continua. Mahtama Gandhi lucha por la libertad de India y no ha de desistir hasta que la India obtenga su libertad. Como estos otros hombres han muerto por la libertad de su patria, otros hombres han sido aprisionados. La misma suerte me corresponde toda vez que lucho por la emancipación universal de mi raza y la libertad de Africa. La Asociación Universal para el Adelanto de la Raza Negra esta dispuesta a luchar de frente, en campaña abierta. ¿Porqué golpearla en la oscuridad y a espaldas? Aquellos que escondidos escriben cartas anónimas a los periódicos de la ciudad y al Departamento de Correo, formulando cargos en contra mía y en contra de la Organización que represento, debieran salir al frente demostrando asi un rasgo de nobleza, pero, una camisa limpia no ha de cubrir por mucho tiempo un cuerpo sucio. Tenemos la convicción de que el pueblo sensato de los Estados Unidos de America y del mundo entero se ha compenetrado del programa de nuestra Organización. el cual es exclusiva libertad de derecho para nuestra raza en todas partes, con amor para todos ya sean estos blancos, amarillos o negros, pero guerra a los traidores, principalmente a los traidores Negros. Miembros de nuestra Organización y de nuestra raza, hemos de demostrar de nuevo a los traidores que unidos mas que nunca en la realización de nuestro propósito, hemos de soportar y aportar con toda clase de ayuda a nuestra gran Asociación Universal para el Adelanto de la Raza Negra y a sus corporaciones aliadas, 56 Oeste, Calle 135, Cludad de Nueva York, U. S. A. Con mismas ardientes deseos por vuestro progreso tengo el honor de ser, Vuestro obediente servidor. MARCUS GARVEY. Presidente General de la Asociación Universal para el Adelanto de la Raza Negra Presidente General de la Asociación Universal para el Adelanto de la Raza Negra La Opinión de S. M. el Rey de España Sobre Nuestro Movimiento El Secretario Particular De S. M. El Rey Palicio Real de Madrid. 7 de Noviembre de 1921 Senor Marcus Garvey Muy señor mio y de mi distinguida consideración He dado cuenta a Su Majestad el Rey (Q. D G) del escrito que con fecha 18 del pasado dirige Ud. a mi Augusto Soberano como Presidente del "Universal Negro Improvement Association" El Rey ha tenido a bien ordenarme diga a Ud. que son de todos conocimientos los sentimientos humanitarios que anman al Augusto Señor, nota característica del pueblo Español y de su Rey en todo tiempo y asi no pueden dudar de la sinceridad de los votos que hace Su Majestad por la armonia que debe existir entre todas las razas, en cuanto contribuya esta al progreso de la humanidad. No puedo enviarle el pensamiento que desea de Su Majestad el Reva para el número que se propone publicar, por no ser costumbre del Augusto Señor mandar Su auto grafo en ningun caso para ser publicado en ninguna revista Con este motivo se ofrece de Ud atto a. a. q. b. a. m. (Firmado) EMILIO Ma Del Net La Evolución Política Universal Con India contrarrestando al gobierno británico por su nueva actitud, con Egipio en revulucion, con la raza negra formando una organización universal bajo la dirección de Marcus Garvey, con el movimiento zionista de los hebreos ya organizado, con los chinos pacifico decididamente demandando el que se les deje tranquilos, abriendo la puerta para que salgan de su terriorio los untruros y la cierren al salir, parco ésta una verdadera época de reacción por parte de los pueblos oprimados. Las naciones predominantes se pultadas en sus propias deudas y guerras pretenden no tomar en consideración el carácter espontáneo y --- la espansión de este movimiento en pro de los pueblos que han soportado de vejaciones por slogos y siglos Servidumbre, explotación, prejuicio personal v nacional v otras tantas presioner han sido impuestos sobre estos teres humanos, conceptuando los como razas inferiores. Todos estos pueblos, especialmente la India y la China estan demostra la desarrolla con sus fueros internacionales con gran rapidez. Estas aun carecen de organización efectiva y proposto unificado, pero precisamente estos son los medios a los cuales prestan actualmente mayor atención. La fuerza natural de que estos pueblos están dotados estriba principalmente en una immense y persistente vitalidad racial. Mientras las razas predominantes del mundo se convierten en grupos poliglotas, donde las grandes inteligencias tienden a malearse, los Indios retenen y aumentan la entidad homogenea de sus respectivas razas, y atendiendo constantemente a sus propios intereses, han sido considerados como pueblos genunos dotados de cierta originalidad en sus ideales. LA INDEPENDENCIA SIN PROTECCIÓN AYUDA O COMPASIÓN Valiente actitud de los independentistas filipinos M AN I L A, Islas Filipinas Enero 13 - Manuel Quezón, presi- dente del senado filipino, al dirig- se a la convección del Partido Nacionalista, dijo "No queremos ni necesitamos la protección americana. Es indigno de un pueblo que clama por la in- dependencia, el pedir ayuda, protec- ción o compassion. Solo aquellos que estan preparados para sostener la independencia merecen-la libertad. Si los filipinos no desean vivir bajo甲o, ellos deben amurir toda la responsabilidad para su existencia. El Sr. Quezon presenté un proyecto de plataforma sollicitando la completa independencia, la creación de un nuevo departamento de sandal; la adopción del inglés como el idioma oficial, la conservación de los recursos naturales para $g$ por los filipinos, el sufragio femenino $y$ un --- plan completo para la defensa nacional. Los correlligionarios del Sr Quezón le han asegurado que la plataforma será aceptada. Hasta aquí la información que tomamos de un diario americano. Aunque escueta, es algo más amplia que lo que sabíamos por nuestro servicio inalábrico El Sr Quezón, presidente del senado filipino y lider del partido nacionalista de aquellas islas, ha asumido una actitud franca y decidida, como era de esperarse que hiciera un hombre que siempre ha estado solicitando la independencia de su patria Dice claramente que lbs filipinos no queren ni necesitan la protection de los Estados Unidos, pues es indigno de un pueblo que esta solicitando la independencia, pedir ayuda, protection o compasión. El Idioma Español en Los Estados Unidos Como nota inesperada de la memoria leida por el presidente de un colegio ante la Association of American Colleges reunida en Chicago, surge el dato oficial de que en los ultimos ocho años ha decrecido en tres y medio por ciento el número de estudiantes de lengua extranjera en las universidades americanas La sorpresa parece haber sido unánime. Existen nuevas circunstancias en el país como fruto del brusco cambio originado en la vida interna de los Estados Unidos por la gran guerra. El intercambio realizado entre ideas, ambiciones medios de vida, psicología y ambiente de pueblo extraños y el de la Union han acertado el popular anhecho innato de la civilización —de comunicación proxima e intima con los hombres de otras tierra. Puede decirse que el pensamiento nacional mismo se ha saturado del nuevo orden de cosas, como lo revelan las discusiones entre partidarios de alianza exteriores los que se apegan a la vieja política del alianza. Es evidente la urgencia de un nuevo y decisivo impulso a las relaciones económicas, políticas y sociales de los Estados Unidos con el resto del continente. Y la creciente importancia que este pasa ha adquirido en el curso de la existencia universal, impone una cada vez mayor documentación sobre la vida del mundo ajeno a las fronteras terrestrales y mentales de la Union Por todo ello, pudiera habere creido que la enseñanza de las lengua extranjeras aumentara en intensidad, en vez de decrecer, en los centros docentes A primera vista, sin embargo, hallase la explicación —que aun no puede darse por la ausencia de recientes estadísticas fehacientes La enseñanza del aleman en escuelas y colegios americanos, antes de la guerra, ocupa el primer lugar entre la de idiomas extraños La iniciación del gran conflicio, provocando el antagonismo de millones de ciudadanos de origen ingles, moscovita, italiano, francés, dismuymite de modo considerable la matriculación en esa disciplina en el curso de 1915 Mas tarde, la entrada de los Estado Unidos a la guerra suspendido totalmente esa enseñanza. Ahora ha vuelto a iniciarse con visible vigor comparadas las circunstancias y los antecedentes. Mas con todo, el enorme deficit pesa en las estadísticas. Dominan ahora, en los cursos de idiomas extrafos, el espafón y el francés. Y en el concepto unanime de los educadores de los economistas de los diplomáticos, el español tra aumentando cada vez más su importancia en los programas escolares, hasta adquirir una preponderancia unaica que ya no le disputara ningun otro idioma. El español esta llamado a ser la llave que abra a este pueblo la penetración material y espiritual del resto del continente. Sin el componente del idioma que hablan veneciones hispanas de America, los Estados Unidos no podran jamas penetrar en la vida intima y en la confianza sincera de esos pueblos. Por eso puede afirmarse a ciencia cierta que el tres y medio por ciento de disminución en la enseñanza de lengues extranjeras. no refleja el estado de la enseñanza de español. Cada día habra más norteamericanos que hablen en nuestro idioma por conveniencia propia, por imposición de la realidad LINES TO LADY HENRIETTA VINTON DAVIS Within thy royal, dusky breast Beats heart of Ethiopic Queen. And in thy dark and glowing eyes Fair Shoba's image I have seen. And when your voice so soft and sweet Transmits to me the captive's tale, I fancy ancient breezes bore Thy song where Nile or Congo trail. From what encaptured clime came thou? What Paradise? For joy-bells ring In every word you speak and swift To Africa my thoughts take wing. Thine eloquence bears royal stamp; Of Aryan pump it hath no trace; Simplicity seals every word And draws thee to thy noble race. O daughter thou of Menelik, Speak on-God sent thee to inspire And gave thee oratory's gift To fan a nation's fame to fire! ETHIEL TREW DUNLAP, 1850 W. Fourth St. Rits Apts. Los Angeles, Calif. Puerto Rico y su Nuevo "Status" Territorial La Prensa neuyorquina trae en sus columnas para el concenso de los dos pueblos, el puertorriqueño y el americano, la presentación en el Congreso de un proyecto de ley que haga estensivo al pueblo de Puerto Rico mayores ventajas, politico-economicas al igual de cualquier otro territorio de la Umon Americana. Este proyecto, al convertirse en ley, hara llegar a las arcas del tesoro de Puerto Rico varios millones y como consecuencia logica, la Legislatura Insular tal como prevee el bill en cuestión, extenderá la esfera educativa, la sanidad y otras mejoras de interes público que se dejan sentir ya en la isla, dado su crecimiento de población y el orden material que tal progreso determina. Un análisis concienzudo y sin prejuicio, un examen serio sin tintes partidaristas hace que lleguemos a la siguiente conclusion, en lo que respecta a la relaciones políticas entre los dos pueblos. La acción militar primero hizo ver a los puertorquíeros que un nuevo regimen haba de iniciarse entre dos sentimientos distintos como medida preparatoria para coordinar los distintos puntos de vista de ambas razas. El bill Foraker dio un carta constituta para el gobierno de la isla donde un gobernador como jefe executivo de la insula controlaba la administración teniendo como auxiliares varios elementos continentes como jefes de las distintas dependencias en que radicaba el gobierno de la isla. Al orden evolutivo y al gran proseso asimilatriz de todo un pueblo avido de mejorar en todos los ordenes, principalmente en aquel que determine un mejoramento de su entidad política, se le debe que el gobierno americano con buen criterio otorgara mas privilegios a los nativos y el bill Jones, como consecuencia de ello, puso en manos de los puertorquíeros gran numero de libertades e imediata intervención del gobierno de sus propios intereses políticos. Hoy, depues de una tormentosa revolución política en que el pueblo de Puerto Rico impulsivo y con la demencia propia de la raza se ha dejado guarer en su mayoria por unos cuantos idealistas, cuvino fada tiene de constructivo para el futuro de la isla. Hoy, cuando el estado de cosas existentes hace que miremos todas las cuestiones por el lado mas acomodaticio al plano practico en que gramos; cuando debemos recoger toda la potencia de la luz directamente del foco que la emata antes de queebrarse esta al pasar por el prisma que la descomponga, debildosem as sus componentes y sus efectos no respondan al resultado con consegur, hoy, cuando nuestras relaciones están tan undadas las destinos del gran pueblo americano, que con sus virtudes y errores es el punto de apoyo donde descansa el equilibrio del mundo, cuelgue de Puerto Rico reciba por los fueros de su nuevo "Status" teritorial, un derecho mas que le faculta regir por su propio sus destinos y garantizar como pueblo conciente ante el mundo civilizado, demandando mas respeto y más consideración de propios y extranjos. No es esta la hora de comentar los sentimientos de uno y otro partido en lo que respecta al futuro de Puerto Rico. Hora es esta de compromiso a ese mismo pueblo que el empirismo de las doctrinas independentistas nada tiene de efectivo tal y cual pretenden lo supuestos padores de la idea. Estamos corriendo unaopa muy avanzada, tenemos que reformar la conciencia de nuestro pueblo, guiando la futura generation en un cause seguro, donde no ha rocas que se interpongan a la orientación verdad que reclaman las actuales circunstancias. Lodos amamos la libertad y esta es mas sana, mas tangible, más efectiva, dentro del proceso evolutivo en que se desarrolla el pueblo de Puerto Rico, que no dentro de ese misterioso lleno de arpegios v de acordes epicos, entonados por los heraldos de una redencion mal soñada y menos sentida Los desacuerdos políticos de la la en los ulítimos meses han traído a Washington la protesta de unos y la exposición de hechos gubernativos por parte de aquellos que han sufrido la sensura. De ello ha resultado que Puerto Rico obtenga, por el bill presentado, mayores ventajas para su self-government Aquín se debe tal medida progresiva? Toca al pueblo de Puerto Rico juzgar esta cuestion Prof. Luis Torres Colon. New York, Enero 20 de 1922. AFRIC'S CALL TO LIFE By R. T. BROWN And see the morning dawn: The sun of promise glides the skies. From thence your hope is drawn. The day of wrath will soon be past. Ethiopia's sun shall shine. And we shall reach that place at last Forcetold by voice divine. En una parte del editorial de "New York Evening Journal" de fecha 18 de Enero de 1922 leemos el siguiente comentario acerté del caso de nuestro Hon. Presidente "Marcus Garvey ha sido arrestado por usar el correo fraudulenta, lo cual es de lamentarse. El se titula 'Presidente de Africa' y firma seguido a su nombre las iniciales D S O E las cuales significan Distinguido Hijo de Europa." "Mr Garvey vendía acciones de la compaía de vapores la Black Star Line, encargada de conductos elementos descontentos de su raza de este país a Liberia. Segun información del correo, el venda pasages para Liberia en el vapor Phyllis Wheatley." "Las autoridades federales la arrestaron porque dicen no excliste tal vapor en dicha compañía. Sin embargo la Black Star Line tiene tantos vapores como el promisdo de pozos de acete tiene aceite. Su hombres de otras razas pueden ven der acciones de pozos aceite, porque arrestar al Distinguidio Hijo de Etopa!" "Mr Lasker, del Cuerpo Directivo de Embarcaciones, tiene demasias de vapores y esto le ha causado grandes contratiempos. Mr Garvey no tiene vapores y esto también causa disgustos." Mr. Haya, Director General de Correos, debieba convenir un meeting entre Mr. Lasker y Mr. Garvey y probablemente algo ha de realizarse. Aprisinar a Marcus Garvey seria tratar de unularlo." Queriendo compenentarramos, des sentido de estos parrafos deducimos, dado por sentado el caso ex-puesto, que el editor de dicho periódico da nuevo la atención pará. que las leyes constitucionales se ejecutadas de igual manera en todos casos y en todas las circunstancias. Informacion General REQUISITOS NECESARIOS PARA SER MIEMBRO DE LA "ASOCIACION UNIVERSAL PARA EL ADELANTO DL LA RAZA NEGRA." Con la cantidad de sesenta centavos ($0.60) todo elemento de nueve tra raza puede ser miembro de "Asociación Universal para el AdeLanto de la Raza Negra". Estas suma incluyo cuota de entrada veinte y cinco centavos ($0.25) pago del primer mes, treinta y cincentavos ($0.35) como miembro. Todo miembro debe ser provisor de una Constitución, o Libro de Leyes de la Organización (valor 2 centavos) y una insignia (valor 17 centavos). Si hubiera en la villa, pueblo ciudad donde Ud. viva una D visión Autorizada de esta Asociación, haga su aplicación en ella; en caso contrario, mande su aplicación al Cuerpo Directivo de la Asociación remitiendo la cantidad de un dollar ($1.00). Al recibo de esta cantidad le será enviado por correo los artículos antes mencionados, con un Certificado como miembro de la Asociación. La aplicación debe ser dirigida a: St. Secretario, Oficina General del Cuerpo Directivo. Universal Negro Improvement Association, 56 West 135th Street, New York City, N. Y. Aconsejamos a aquellos que en envien sus cuotas al Cuerpo Directivo lo hagan anual, semi-anual o cada meses, para evitar la constante trasmisión de la Tarjeta a esta oficina todos los meses. APORTE SU OBLOO PARA EI GRAN MOVIMIENTO DE TOD DAS LAS ÉPOCAS POR LA REDENCION DE AFRICA Y EL ADELANTO DEL NEGRO EN TODAS PARTES. Compre los discos para fonográ fos de la U. N. I. A. por artistas de la raza, a precios reducidos. En viamos ordenes a todas partes me diante pago por adelantado. Lista de precios Agentes en los Estados Unidos $9.00 por docena, mas gastos de flete. Agentes en el extranjero, $10.00 por docas, mas gasta de sellos. Discos por corrore, $1.00 cada uno mas rastos de sellos. SE SOLICITAN ANUNCIOS EN ESPANOL PARA ESTA PLANA.