The Negro World

The Indispensable Weekly The Voice of the Ausahned Negro Negro World A Newspaper Devoted solely to the Interests of the Negro Race PRICE: FIVE CENTS IN GREATER NEW YORK GREATEST NEGRO MOVEMENT IN THE WORLD NOW ON TRIAL HON. MARCUS GARVEY WILL PREACH AT LIBERTY HALL; NEW YORK; 120 WEST 138th STREET SUNDAY MORNING, JUNE 3, AT 10.30 A. M. Subject: "RELIGION" BE EARLY TO GET SEATS. VISIT LIBERTY HALL EVERY SUNDAY MORNING AND EVENING VOL. XIV. No. 16 GREATEST IN THE WO FELLOW MEN OF THE NEGRO RACE, Greeting: The Universal Negro Improvement Association has reached the stage of organization where it is causing the whole world to talk seriously of its aims and objects. There is no one truth that is correctly understood and represented. Men have always differed in their interpretation of human programs and movements. We are not surprised, therefore, that with all that has been said outlining the purpose of this grand organization men are still disposed to look upon us with a great deal of suspicion, and others see in it all that is evil, refusing to admit the real good that emanates therefrom and which is sought in the interest of the Negro peoples of the world. Guiding the Destiny of the Association Those of us who guide the destiny of this association cannot, however, allow ourselves to be outdone by misrepresentation. It is for that reason, therefore, that we are holding up on high the lofty aims and principles of this only great Negro movement that has refused to take a compromising stand on the liberty, freedom and future improvement and prosperity of the four hundred million Negroes of the world. The whole world at this time is testing the stability of Negroes and their ability and determination to hold together in any real uplift movement of their own. Surely, we shall disappoint that section of the world that thinks that the Negro is still a fawning, cringing creature. We shall in every way uphold our stand as determined on in this new age of world reorganization. We are determined to let the world see and recognize us as men fit for positions, entitled to considerations, and as ambitious as any other race in the world. An Uncompromising Stand We are further determined to take an uncompromising stand for the preservation of our race, the advancement of our political rights and securing posterity of our own from the dangers we have suffered in the past and the hardships we are undergoing in the present. Indeed, the whole Negro race is on trial in the test of the existence of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. If Negroes can be so thoughtless and inconsiderate as to allow any harm or injury to be done to the Universal Negro Improvement Association it will only be the settling once and for all of all the belief that the Negro will never rise beyond his present environment, because of his inability to initiate for himself, to stand by his own efforts, and to uphold his own principles. Strongest and Greatest Movement No one will gainsay the fact that the Universal Negro Improvement Association has been the strongest and greatest Negro movement of the century. If the Universal Negro Improvement Association cannot stand, then nothing else Negro will be able to stand against the onslaught of the ancient enemy. But the Universal Negro Improvement Association shall stand, and as firm as the solid Rock of Gibraltar, and nothing shall stand in the way of the program of this great organization. Its principles are too noble, too grand, too lofty to be destroyed by mere human power. Those who founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association calculated for the opposition of a world; hence, when the opposition comes it brings no disappointment. Those who have become members and joined the fold of this movement should realize that the command is to go forward, looking not to the right nor to the left, but make one great, and grand, and noble march toward the goal of African redemption. Many Distractions What of distractions? Many we shall have coming from all quarters, engineered by different kinds of people HON. M. WILL PREACH SUNDAY MORNING, JUNE 3, AT 10.30 A. M. BE EARLY TO GO MARCUS GARVEY THE STORM CENTER OF TRAITOROUS AND WICKED NEGROES THE NEW NEGRO HAS FOUND HIS SOUL THROUGH WHICH HE FIGHTS ON THE AWAKENED COURAGE AND RISING STRENGTH OF AFRICA AN UNCOMPROMISING STAND FOR RIGHT AND JUSTICE and for different purposes. Some will be for the purpose of nationally and politically strangling the Negro, others will be for the purpose of circumventing his economic, industrial and commercial progress; still others will be for the purpose of curtailing his educational and social privileges, but with all that will be done and said it is for the Negro to outline his own course as a man and stick to his guns until he has brought victory to his doors. The Fight Against the Enemy The fight against the enemy is on. It must be waged to the bitter end. Some think that because the Universal Negro Improvement Association is only an organization that it should not take a stand through its leaders to protect its rights and preserve the glorious principles to which posterity of our own shall owe their freedom. A Great Racial Imperialism Do you know that behind the Universal Negro Improvement Association, sentimentally, there stands a great imperialism, a grand and noble government that is in the making, and one of these days—tomorrow, twenty, fifty or one hundred years hence-Ethiopia shall hold up her head amidst the great nations of the world, and if not with revenge, with a thorough intelligence of the hardships and difficulties of the past, our young men, clothed with their own national authority, shall dispense justice, even as justice is being dispensed to our scattered race today by the other powerful ruling nations of the world? Writing a History We are to write a history today for our children to study tomorrow; history carries with it many inspirations, some for the purpose of upholding the glories of the Fathers, some for the purpose of revenging the blood of their sires. So those of us who are engaged in a work that has no day, that has no measurement, feel glad to fight on, caring not what the personal consequences be, for we but write our names on the scroll of time for others yet unborn to emulate and copy, to glory in, to honor, to revenge, or otherwise. Poor Black Man Has Regained Soul If I were to pass my own opinion upon the present-day attitude of Negroes, I would say without hesitancy that the poor, struggling black man has regained his soul, but, feeling the pressure of the soulless civilization, is determined within himself to fight on irrespective of the opposition, irrespective of the tremendous influences brought to bear upon him by his ancient masters. For this individual we can see hope, through this individual we can see a salvaged race, but how unfortunate when we turn from this MARCUS GA AT LIBERTY HALL; NEW YORK; 120 WEST T SEATS. VISIT LIBERTY HALL EVERY SUNDAY MORNING individual of the race to the fellow and creature of education, of position, of refinement; we find him, even though he suffers from the same prejudices, the same-social disadvantages as the other, quite satisfied, quite contented to be a part of an alien race, part of an alien civilization, hoping that one day he will be elevated to the pinnacle and be honored and respected as the members of the ruling race. How vain, how frivolous, to thus hope! Let us not console ourselves that the future will bring to us honor and glory from any other race but our own, except by our own making. For the Negro to receive the plaudits and respect of the world he must first establish his real manhood. That cannot be done by bowing and cringing before a supposedly better race, but can only be accomplished through self-reliance, self-progress, self-development, self-achievement, that for which the Universal Negro Improvement Association seeks in the interest of four hundred million Negroes of the world. Let us fight on, men; the silver lining is just beyond the darker cloud. The day is just about to break when a new light will in a short while be ushered upon the scattered world of Ethiopia. Let us reassemble ourselves in thought, in deed, in action, ready for the day, ready for the hour in world changes when our Kingdom shall indeed stretch out its hands and when noble men shall step out as leaders of the people. Remember that cowards have never yet shaped or fashioned the destiny of a people, but have always died ignomintiously and been easily forgotten. Character of Brave Men Brave men have always held their own against opposition, even with dreadful odds; brave men have always carved their way from slavery into liberty; brave men have laid the corner-stones of nations and empires in the past; brave men, and brave men alone, will change the political forces of the twentieth century, making a new world for the accommodation of the people who love liberty, who desire freedom, who desire human rights. No other organization besides the Universal Negro Improvement Association has ever made a fight for nationhood; no other organization has ever aroused the interest of the world, part sympathetic and part obstructive, as the Universal Negro Improvement Association. The liberal minds see right and justice in the program of this great organization; the selfish, unsympathetic see in it a menace that will interfere with their privileged capitalistic rights, but what do we care? It is not for the satisfaction of the world we fight, it is for the satisfaction of ourselves; hence, we move on, caring not what others say or others do -our one purpose, our one object, is the planting of the colors of the Red, the Black and the Green as the African standard that shall give to us a country, a nation, and a race. Let everyone help put over this great program, help us morally, help us financially. Now is the time for you to give your dollars, your $1, $2, $5, $10, $20, $50, to advance this program. You can do so by writing to the Secretary-General, Universal Negro Improvement Association, 56 West 135th Street, New York City, U. S. A. With very best wishes, I have the honor to be. UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION. NEW YORK. May 28, 1923. P. S. Again I beg to remind members, Divisions, Chapters and Branches of the Universal Negro Improvement Association to make every effort to send in whatsoever money possible for the work, monthly dues and assessments and contributions to the Defense Fund. The Parent Body needs much financial help to be able to carry on the work. Let every loyal member, Division and Chapter rally to the cause. All secretaries please send in your monthly reports early. Members, see that your officers be active in helping to put over the program. M. G. Marcus Garvey and Principles of the Universal Negro Improvement Association Are Now Being Tried by a Judge and Jury in the Case Brought Against the Principal Officers of the Black Star Line WIENBES ARE CALLED AND THEY TELL THE STORY OF MANY MISHAPS THAT OCCURRED IN FORMING OF BLACK STAR LINE FLEET So Far the Testimony Taken Shows for the Most Part, Mistakes Were Made in the Undertaking of Such a Big Venture as Organizing and Operating a Steamship Line—These Mistakes Were Inevitable, but It Should Be Remembered That Marcus Garvey Was Entirely in the Hands of Those Who Were Advising Him BONA FIDE ACTS OF OMISSION AREN'T CRIMINAL The trial of the case of the Government of the United States of America vs. Marcus Garyey, President-General of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, in his capacity as president of the Black Star Line; Elie Garcia, secretary; George Tobias, treasurer, and Orlanda M. Thompson, vice-president, is now proceeding in the Federal-Court, for the Southern District of New York, before the Hon. Julian Mack, Federal Judge, and a white jury. The case has passed its first week, and interest in the proceedings remain unabated. Every day the court room has been crowded with persons interested in the case from one angle or the other. A good many of the members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, as well as sympathizers with the cause, find themselves down at the court building to hear for themselves the proceedings in a trial that will be historic in the annals of Negro history in America. This interest has been still more aroused from the fact that Marcus Garvey is conducting his own defense. There was a moment of tense suspense on Tuesday morning when the case was called on. The jurors had all filed into their places. The scats in the court room were filled with colored men and women, anxious to listen to the proceedings. Press representatives, representing all the big dailies (white), as well as the reporters of the Negro Times, were around, the press table, ready to play their part in the tragic drama that is being enacted with the Man who has loomed larger in the public eye than any other Negro as the leading character. A short, sharp rap and everybody rises as the judge briskly enters and takes his seat on the bench. Up to this time it was noticeable that only the defendant, Thompson, and his counsel were sitting around the table. Then Garcia and his counsel and Tobias and his advocates quietly dropped into their places. Mr. Garvey held the floor and the towering form of Counsellor McDougal stood out boldly as he bowed to the court and intimated that he would like to confer with the judge. Mr. Garvey, Mr. McDougal, the Assistant District Attorney, Mr. Vernal Williams, and other counsel went up to the bench and a brief conference that was inaudible at the press table took place. Then Mr. McDougal bowed again and strode out of the court room into the corridors. Mr. Garvey still held the floor and it was at once surmised that he was going to conduct his case himself. For a while speculation was rife as to the cause of the trouble between the President-General and his counsel. Everybody, because they could not get anything definite, formed their own conclusions, and, rightly or wrongly, they gave out what occurred to them as the correct reason for the change in the conduct of the case. Meanwhile the court, now assembled, was ready to proceed. Marcus Garvey, alert, full of energy, was ready to assume his new role and lead his defense. The writer watched the kaleidoscopic changes that took place so rapidly and that may mean so much in this trial, and across his mind flitted the lines of Gilbert and Sullivan's "Trial by Jury": "Hark, the hour of ten is sounding. Hall of Justice crowd surrounding. Breathing hope and fear." Yes, there they were, breast Man whom they look up to as to speak, and, like the ancient war and with his pennon flying gayly all comers. It was a tense more other feeling: Can he conduct it. It can be stated that the this action of changing counsel that he felt, that he still feels, for the point of view of the facts, witnesses and of the animus the individual, as well as the organ all these things taken together these witnesses himself and by a lay bare to the jury the real reason this case, and that is to injure the which they hope to "down" the succeeded where others have ever. The case then proceeded or taking of testimony is in most class of cases where the human now and then there breaks out in counsel and witness, or those working advocates that have made trial case, however, more than ordinate the testimony, and cross-examina himself has caused a still greater ceedings even in quarters that interest in the start. The Negro Times publishes ceedings. This is published even case connectedly the paper should. Following is a summarized Edgar Gray Testifies he they were, breathing hope and fear as they look up to as their leader buckle on his like the ancient warrior, enter the lists, how the sun flying gayly to the breeze, take the breeze was a tense moment. But it soon gave Can he conduct his case and do justice stated that the reason that led Mr. Gary changing counsel after he had started that at the still feels, from the intricacies of the view of the facts, from his intimate knowledge of the animus they have shown against well as the organization of which he is the taken together he will be better able to himself and by a pitiless, powerful cross-jury the real reasons that underlie the pro- that is to injure the organization by a vicious to "down" the man who by his indomita- are others have even failed to follow. then proceeded on the even teor of its mony is in most cases a prosaic affair, exe- where the human element predominates there breaks out in flashes those encounter-ness, or those wordy forensic duels between that have made trials in a court of law famou more than ordinary interest hangs on ever and cross-examination of the witnesses by M used a still greater interest to be evinced in quarters that were not inclined to start. Times publishes daily a verbatim report of is published every-evening and as to how the paper should be got every afternoon is a summarized account of the week's pro- Yes, there they were, breathing hope and fear as they saw the Man whom they look up to as their leader buckle on his armor, so to speak, and, like the ancient warrior, enter the lists, lower his lance, and with his pennon flying gayly to the breeze, take the lists against all comers: It was a tense moment. But it soon gave way to another feeling: Can he conduct his case and do justice to himself? It can be stated that the reason that led Mr. Garvey to take this action of changing counsel after he had started the fight was that he felt, that he still feels, from the intricacies of the case, from the point of view of the facts, from his intimate knowledge of the witnesses and of the animus they have shown against him as an individual, as well as the organization of which he is the head, that all these things taken together he will be better able to deal with these witnesses himself and by a pitiful, powerful cross-examination lay bare to the jury the real reasons that underlie the prosecution in this case, and that is to injure the organization by a vicious attack in which they hope to "down" the man who by his indomitable will has succeeded where others have even failed to follow. The case then proceeded on the even toron of its way. The taking of testimony is in most cases a prosaic affair, except in that class of cases where the human element predominates and where now and then there breaks out in flashes those encounters between counsel and witness, or those wordy forensic duels between the leading advocates that have made trials in a court of law famous. In this case, however, more than ordinary interest hangs on every detail of the testimony, and cross-examination of the witnesses by Mr. Garvey himself has caused a still greater interest to be evinced in the proceedings even in quarters that were not inclined to show much interest in the start. The Negro Times publishes daily a verbatim report of the proceedings. This is published every evening and so as to follow the case connectedly the paper should be got every afternoon. Following is a summarized account of the week's proceedings: The first witness to take the stand was Edgar M. Gray, who was a former General Secretary of the U. N. I. A. secretary of the New York Local, secretary of the African Communities League, business manager of The Negro World and publicity agent for Mr. Garvey. Witness said Mr. Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association. He became associated with thing hope and fear as they saw that their leader buckle on his armor, arior, enter the lists, lower his lance to the breeze, take the lists against. But it soon gave way to an this case and do justice to himself reason that led Mr. Garvey to talk after he had started the fight war from the intricacies of the case, from his intimate knowledge of the they have shown against him as a situation of which he is the head, that he will be better able to deal with pitiless, powerful cross-examinations that undermine the prosecution in organization by a vicious attack in man who by his indomitable will have failed to follow. In the even tenor of its way. That uses a prosaic affair, except in that element predominates and where in flashes those encounters between deadly forensic duels between the leaders in a court of law famous. In this interest hangs on every detail oition of the witnesses by Mr. Garvey interest to be evinced in the prowere not inclined to show much daily a verbatim report of the proy evening and so as to follow the be got every afternoon account of the week's proceedings: the Black Star Line before it was incorporated and was elected one of the directors and an assistant secretary. Moneys were collected at meetings held towards the establishment of the Black Star Line. The moneys collected were turned over to the treasurer. The Judge: Were the people asked to make gifts or to buy stock? Witness: The moneys given were THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, JUNE 2, 1923 free contributions towards the establishment of a Black Star Line. Continuing his answers to the District Attorney the witness said Mr. Garvey made an attack on Assistant District Attorney Kilroe and he was called down to his office to explain the handling of the contributions to the Black Star Line. Kilroe informed Mr. Garvey that unless he had the Black Star Line incorporated he would take steps to have him indicted. The Black Star Line was subsequently incorporated and a Board of Directors formed shortly after the incorporation Mr. Garvey, Mr. Tobias and Miss Amy Ashwood went south to sell stock of the Black Star Line. On their return from the trip, in consequence of difference between himself and Mr. Garvey, he resigned office and reported to the Secretary of State at Delaware, where the company was incorporated, and to Assistant District Attorney Kilroe what he considered shortcomings in the system of accounting for the money that had been collected. As a result of his complaint Assistant District Attorney Kilroe again summoned Mr. Garvey to his office. He was present. Mr. Garvey then made a charge against him, Gray that he had misappropriated $1,000 of the funds of the organization and told Kilroe that unless he indicted Gray he (Garvey) would not give him the information he wanted from him. Kilroe asked for the books of the organization, and after going through them with Garvey, Garvey reduced the allegation that he had misappropriated $1,000 to $6. He was able to show that he $6 was paid for truck hire to take The Negro World from the printers to the office of the organization at 56 West 135th street. Garvey had an article in The Negro World in which he attacked both Gray and Kilroe. He sued Garvey for criminal libel as a result of the article, and in another issue of The Negro World Garvey, retracted his statements. He brought a civil suit to recover $20,000 damages for the libel, but compromised by accepting $5 from Mr. Garvey, and he got $100 from the U. N. I. A. and $100 from the Black Star Line. Brokers Give Evidence The first two witnesses on Tuesday, A. B. Pilkington, a broker, and Louis C. Whifield, real estate agent, testified to a personal transaction between Miss Amy Ashwood and themselves with regard to the purchase of a property for herself. Both admitted in cross-examination that they did not know Mr. Garvey in the matter and at no time did any business with him. He did not come into the transaction at all except that a check for $300, part of the purchase money, was signed by him. The Purchase of the Yarmouth The first important witness was Lee H. Healy (white), who, examined by Mr. Mattucks for the prosecution, said he was now Assistant District Attorney of Kinga County. The North American Steamship Co. owned a boat called the Yarmouth, and he was general counsel to the steamship company after the transaction was started. He there in September, 1919. Witness identified the original agreement re the purchase of the Yarmouth for $165,000. Mr. Matthews, counsel for Tobias, objected to the admission of the document, but it was overruled. Proceeding, witness said Mr. Garvey made a request to have registry transferred from the Canadian to the American flag. He went to Ottawa; got permission, and in response to Mr. Garvey's request an extension of time was given for the payment of the vessel for an additional $2,500. Mr. Matthews. Were there further contracts for the purchase of the same vessel? Yes, when the application was made for a transfer of registry to the American flag, it was refused on the ground that no officer of the Black Star Line was an American citizen. An agreement was subsequently reached with Garvey whereby the Yarmouth waited under registry of the North American Co. with agents of the Black Star Line. This was granted because Mr. Garvey said he had contracts with the West Indies. Mr. Mattucks: Tell us of the conversation you had, with Mr. Garvey. The Varmouth sailed under registry of the contracts with passengers and we agreed, provided that it was fully insured, as he was carrying his own crew. Mr. Garvey said he would be embarrassed greatly if the vessel did not sail, and we agreed to the charter. I, however, objected, because the insurance up to the night before sailing had not been placed. I refused to let it sail and went to West 155th street the Sunday afternoon and saw Smith-Green. I consented to let her sail if I were aboard. To this they agreed, and we steamed as far as Twenty-third street, where I commanded the captain to stop. Two days after insurance was placed on the vessel. Prior to this Smith-Green had told me that there would have been a riot on the dock of the vessel did not sail. There were about 5,000 Negroes on the pier; wavings of flags, and shouting. Were there further contracts entered into between the Black Star Line and your company? There were. Relate to the jury please. Witness: When the boat required from its original sailing Mr. Givrey said he was not in a position to purchase the boat at that time and asked for another charter, which he got on January 10, 1920, and a supplemental agreement. Mr. Givrey said he was financially embarrassed and that the operation of a ship cost a great deal more than he thought, and asked us to make the terms easier. He added that the company was not making money at the time, but would shortly. Sometimes Mr. Garvey was prompt in his payments and at other times he was not, so that I was forced to write him letters. He replied that he was pressed for money and asked for time to pay. On June 24, 1920, a sum of $45,000 was still due on the boat. I asked Mr. Garvey as a personal favor to pay on a note due in August, but my request was not complied with. Mr. Mattucks read a number of letters juggling on the payment of accounts for the purchase of the Yarmouth. One referred to Thompson as vice-president, in which he said he was only a member of the corporation and not singly responsible for the non-payment of notes. Another said that although $500 a week would be a strain, the corporation would arrange for the selling of stocks in the islands and South America. You gave a bill of sale? Yes, but it was never registered, because the Marino Department refused to register until the financial condition of the Black Star Line of Canada was satisfactory. Cross-examination by Mr. Garvey How long were you employed to Harris McGill & Co.? A little over a year, and was their general counsel. Did you do any business for Mr. Harris in the interest of the North American Steamship Corporation? Not until the sale of the Yarmouth. Do you know how many directors there were? About five. Is the company a New York corporation? I do not know. Did you see a contract consummated by their former attorneys, with reference too the purchase of a vessel for the Black Star Line? Yes. Did you talk to Mr. Harris when you went on? Yes. He said he had just sold a vessel to Negroes from the West Indies. The chief man was a Mr. Garvey. I would find a splendid gentleman, distinguished orator and I want you to go to Ottawa and have the registry changed. I consider that a splendid idea and they have agreed to pay weekly. I don't know if they know anything about running ships however. Who represented the Black Star Line when you went to Harris McGill? You did, and you always had a distinguished delegation of about 15 colored gentlemen. What is your idea of a corporation? Mr. Mattucke; I object. Mr. Garvey: Exception sir. When the ship was being purchased did Capt. Cookburn say anything? He seemed to have been the nautical adviser. The documents tendered in evidence you gave to the government, didn't you? Yes, I am holding on to everything belonging to the North American Steamship Company and the Black Star Line, hoping that some day I will collect. What is the nature of your claim against the Black Star Line? For money due and owing, I am to collect as special attorney. Did you believe the ship was worth $165,000? I did not. Mr. Mattucks: I object. The witness is not a shipping expert. The court: He may answer. Mr. Garvey: Did you discuss the matter with Mr. Harris and did he believe the ship was worth that? Mr. Mattucker: I object. The court: Objection overruled. Witness: Mr. Harris said there was about six million dollars, as you would collect a dollar a head from every Negro in the world and that he (Mr. Harris) was out to make as much as he could on the deal. Who was the more anxious person regarding the sale of the boat, Mr. Harris or Mr. Garvey? Mr. Garvey. Was Mr. Garvey receiving or paying out money? He was doing both. In what way? He was paying some on the vessel and selling stock at the same time to Negroes. You asked me where I was from and I replied, Worcester, Mass. You said that would be a good place, for you to go and sell some stock. Who was there when you told me that? I think my brother. Is your brother colored? (Laughter.) Not to my knowledge. Did you buy any stocks? No, but I nearly bought. I was impressed by your magnetic personality and our dealings as gentleman to gentleman. Did I offer you stock? No, but I read your speeches and was invited to Liberty. Hall to make a speech and was also told that you were a model young man whom I could pattern my life after. You really impressed me. You impress me even now. I have read many things about you—many bad things, but, to be candid, I don't believe half of the evil things I have read of you even now. WEDNESDAY'S HEARING Capt. Cockburn was subjected to a severe cross-examination by Mr. Garvey as follows: What is your name? Joshua Cockburn. Where were you born? Nassau, Bahamas. How old are you? I was born in 1887. How long did you live in your country? Until I was 16. Where did you go after that? I came to New York. With whom? Myself. What did you do in New York? I sailed out of New York. As what? A sailor. Were you a sailor before you came to New York? Yes. How long did it take time on the How long? I served my time on the "Lighthouse Richmond" under Commander Laws in the Royal Navy. What is the Lighthouse Richmond? The ship I served my time on and which is now a wreck. Where was that Lighthouse Richmond? That was the name of the ship. Where was the ship sailing between? Between the waters of the West-Indies and the Bahamas. What is the difference between the West-Indies and the Bahamas? (Objection by Mr. Mattucks everruled.) The difference is that the Bahamas are a group of islands taking in from the Strait of Florida on the west side, the whole Bahama channel, which divides the Bahamas from Cuba on the south side, and the Caribbean Sea on the east side. The West Indies are further on. What does the West Indies comprise? Jamaica, Barbados, Trinidad, St. Lucia and all those other islands. Cuba and Haiti? I suppose so. Do you deny that? I do not. (Objection by Mattucks. Sugained by Court.) Exception by Mr. Carvey. This Lighthouse Richmond, was it an English ship? Yes, belonged to the British Imperial Co. You were a British subject then? Yes. Are you a British subject now? Yes. How long did you spend in school, captain, in your education? I left at an early age to go to seg. Left where? Left school. His Geographical Knowledge How long did you spend in school? About four years and remained there until I went to sea. I spent three and a half years at sea prior to the time I was about four until the time I went to sea. Would you find the Bahamas or Nassau off the coast of Florida? (Objection by Mattnucks.) Judge: I do not quite understand the question. Are you trying to prove his inability as a navigator? Mr. Garvey: I am trying to prove the veracity on which he stands by these questions. The truthfulness of the witness. Judge: I can not see the pertinency of this question. Mr. Garvey: He said he never left his country until he was 16. Judge: Yes. Well, how would this affect the issue? Mr. Garvey: Well, he said he was — Mr. Johnson: Defendant Garcia insists upon the sustaining of the question. Mr. Garvey: Answer the question. Question repeated. Will you find the Bahamas off the coast of Florida? Yes. You were a sailor for three and a half years before you came to New York? Yes, sir. And when you came to New York you said you sailed out as a sailor also? Yes. Will you tell me the last boat you sailed on? The Belfast. Was that a British ship? Yes. What did you sign on as? Sailor. Did you have in mind then Captain, the study of navigation? No, I had that in mind from school. You did not give up the idea when you sailed on the Richmond or the Belfast? I went on the Richmond for the purpose of studying navigation. And you continued it thereafter? Yes. How long were you on the Belfast? I made a voyage from New York to Calcutta. What did you do there? Worked on the ship. From Calcutta to where? I made the return voyage to New York. Ask you left the ship in New York? Yes. What did you do after that? Joined another British ship? No, an American ship. How did you get on an American ship? By signing on. What nationality did you sign as? British. What was the name of the ship? I do not remember? Where did you go? To Brazil. Returned to New York on the same ship? No. ASPIRIN Genuine BAYER BAYER Unless you see the name "Bayer" on package or on display, you must get the gehulne Bayer product prescribed by physicians over twenty-two years and proved safe by millions for Accept "Bayer Tablets, of Aspirin" only. Each broken package contains proper direction of handling. Handy twelve tablets cost few cents. Drugs also sell bottles of 24 and 109. Aspirin is the trade mark of Bayer Manufacture of Monoaceticacidester of Salicylicacid. CAPT. COCKBURN, WHO COMMANDED THE YARMOUTH, OCCUPIED THE WITNESS STAND MORE THAN A DAY IN GIVING EVIDENCE He Was Tipped to the Tune of $2,000, He Admits, for Taking the Cargo of Whiskey Out on the Yarmouth Before Prohibition Came Into Effect, That Tidy Little Sum, He Said, Was Handed Over to Him for the Extra Energy He Had to Use Up in Getting Away With the Whiskey Before It Was Seized SOME OTHERS GOT THEIR SHARE OF THE GRAFT DO NOT NEGLECT YOUR EDUCATION! BRAITHWAITE Prepares men and women for business occupations and affords those whose elementary education has been neglected an opportunity to complete their education. Thorough training in STENOGRAPHY, TYPEWRITING, BOOKKEEPING, ENGLISH, ARITHMETIC, MATHEMATICS, CIVIL SERVICE, ETC. Day and Evening Clases. Correspondence Courses in Shoreland and Typewriting to any part of the world. Write for free booklet and particulars. 2376 Seventh Ave. (At 139th St.) Tel. 9971 Audubon NEWTON BRAITHWAITE, Principal Without Prejudice, This Is to Inform One and All That Is No Longer Officially Connected with the Universal Negro Improvement Association All persons to whom Mr. Garcia has issued construction loan bonds or receipts or conversed with for the Universal Negro Improvement Association are requested to communicate at once with Complaint Department, Universal Negro Improvement Association, 56 West 135th Street, New York. You left the ship at Brazil? Yes. Joined another ship? Yes. What was the destination of that ship from Brazil? We called at Bar-jodos for coal. What was the name of the ship? The Delphas. Between the time you joined the Richmond in Nassau and the time you became Captain with a British license, how many ships did you serve on? Oh, a good many of them. About ten? More than ten; I do not know how many. In what year did you get your British license, Captain? I passed for second mate at Liverpool on April 20, 1002. First mate in Jamaica in 1002. I was appointed Captain by the British Government out in Africa in 1008. Did you sit for an examination? I did afterwards. Who appointed you as Captain? The Director of Marines. Out in Africa? Why, yes. Had he the authority to do so? Of course. Who gave him the authority to appoint you as a Captain? I cannot answer that question. Did you make any honest effort to find out if you were a real captain after the appointment? Why. I have a Captain's certificate I got in London. Who gave you that certificate? The Lords of the Admiralty. So you know all about them? No. I only know that they gave me a certificate counterigned by the Secretary of the Board of Trade. Do you know their function, what they do in regard to ships? Why, they have a Board of Trade in London that attends to all the shipping; the Admiralty attends to all the naval ships they have. The Board of Trade attends to the merchant ships. Now, is it a fact that nobody can be a Captain in the British maritime service without getting a certificate from the Lords of the Admiralty? Why, sure. So that you never became Captain until you got that certificate in London? Quite so. Has any one ever questioned that certificate? Why, no. After you became Captain by appointment according to your statement in Africa what did you do?—I took immediate command of a ship. Between what points?—The West Coast of Africa. The West coast of Africa is a broad area. Name some of the places?—Nigeria, German Cameroons. During your command on the West Coast of Africa, did you come in contact with the natives of Africa?—Why I did, yes. Did you trade with them for your employees—(Objection by Mattacks that question is immaterial. Judge: Proceed. Mattacks withdraws his objection. Yes. Explain the nature of the cargo?—General cargo. What constitutes African produce? Judge: What is, the difference in this individual case, what the general nature of the produce was or what she carried the last time, has nothing to do with the proceedings. Are you again trying to test his veracity?—Yes, your honor. Judge: Objection sistained. (Exception by Mr. Garvey.) What kind of crow had you when you were commanding your ship on the West Coast of Africa?—(Objection by Mattucks, sustained by court). Exception by Mr. Garvey. Who was the tonnage of your first boat?—(Objection sustained). Judge: All this has no bearing on the case, it has no bearing on the question. How long did you remain there?—Four years in service during the war. And you returned from there to New York?—Yes. On the ship?—I was given a position on a ship that was going to New (Continued on page 5.) (Continued on page 8) PE-RU-NA FOR STOMACH CATARRH Few, if any, remedies can equal the value of Pe-r-u-na for cat- tarrh of the stomach. At this season it is esti- lated that every third person is more or less troubled with this form of catarrh. Have the Proper Medicine in the House, Sold Everywhere Tablets or Liquid wage Sa ake ae ae OF ee Bie a ee ere ‘ ‘ Be oc ge Ae RRS annie met tiers Tet “paeke be A ee ee tem rere TN RED Te ee Lange eager Ee ee aot oe ae —— . p Shes ce) WA cy, . Ra as eR ee Oe gab ius ot gee eer eee ora ners : BDAY, OMMES Gi 8 Ee ek 7 ee ¥ Re Bas ona RG oad = a re re BR os sl Ne ne A ia is ad } ace I ae a i ea ee We F arn oon: i a ok rs Z a eas | Ser Ty gene a BNET MG occa. Pe oo an Wee ak a Eu eek i RR So IB OT ead oe: a : pi a a a Foes eee eae a oe py Pc ieale es aE Se a, i oo 5 4G ’ f a vo > edad Ree Ms PRR e rg wa wees: S 5 ae on . & ame ee as os 2S ae , 7 Upload eS Re : oe ee ee A i = sf r Ea ee A ei an ee at GarveyTrTou : tak - : ; : oe x went Tol eetie tes ot — we i Be . ; eee ye ‘The Encmy Ys. Baffled-—Cariot: Undersiand: How Membere| jn" ET RT “ ri panGoneies SR ie Pn enn ag ae ee ye 2 and: M yyatrig the cbnients of the dirt Ree 2 = — ; a PE Ae ee RUN DOWN, Weak. | G04 iOUTH 64s: donee ~~ ‘Are Sticking-in: Feee-of-Criticim—How.-Will joonbiiee | uct a. seer voactous ecoes: stat ia] oan cee rorte Beare nonbing der [enee of sotbeoenan tat bes bees gfito! “aihexurm Wane | SrMato ft toss vente ae oz | Faiee-of yen—How.- Willen Shersill | what + bappening to:th i] agen on the. North Star, looking for [end of propa Sec uae Pine te Ea ort rOOR [Nee RAF fall eoleet ayy Garvey wd ‘Associates Are Not Worrying. About, the| &"°: Improvement ihe Uavereat Ne: rede and ibrty and they wit couslbere to pecparana that bas bean used IME BLOOD?. OS you Boone wren [beets CM Rs ees Be TTIn Wer Te Aboce the Mecieere We Have) stati comin ape ret tet afar of hana rit, friends, unit eMP|nineteen motte, orn UMArioN ST avncralcas eh ate 4 . Ap” got you te . , ANEMIA oa as EBs _ Sworn to Stick and Die by the Program of the'U. N. I ne] yo to come and we are simply goine feome home. They ‘are oniyr ay Chats [same Nine of” propa scooctation be the as te. oe Lara | 1% Zan sents ead oe yf 7 “en . . JN. I. A.| through -the retinine period in order] way, abldi a8 one of propaganda: the British, || NESS [tonto T have’ oboe’ bee weer tl » S| that we inay find the pare diamond 7, abiding & Uiile- while here. anda Prenok: ‘and stale HT a A | otharoste isp to 2 “ pore dlamonde—| tle while there, gatherl a" have used teil} TIS couans Sp. to you : = raeeriaeee Te sider thecaneeeey ned thoes ° gathering themselves |Africa for the : PLESSNE body te blame ¥ ORGANIZATION IS. PASSING THROUGH A PERIOD or [222 "men aren muy nd the mien tener forthe efenter exodus thats at the-saare discppelocarent tnchsthep- ae ee cATaRRH saps dies Bat pa : TEST—A TEST. THAT. WILL.WEED 3 ‘Wien: the veel iit foe ik 8 to come IN the Very near future toi]are experiencing Wi 818. | Sen . tbe | Out TRE-UN.|S MIE ef thefall of ‘cic poopie, nat ony. f th Kome sof you" In Je your Bone. Marrow. @cving’ up| Set Co See oe eae FAITHFUL: HYPOCRI [-| Negro racg ahall come, a. , ly from the|America is the same kind of dleap-| fm 07,26 0 make you Ge | eae Soros Se ence: ee fe= TTES—MOVEMENT “ %e s ited States of America, tut {rom the |polntment they are” ep = tv pag, you love weight or| (Please mention russ : DESENOVED EVEN. THOUGH THE” LEADER BE om tin n'a tt la et [Ea ein wth ae MSE Git ee Sat mae | oe race laa, fi _-B have had’ just eweurnton | Of, Contral America and S sl ai Lene rs eer up! A New Yo Don't iet sic 5 “ DESTROYED--ATTEMPT™ TO” DESTROY” GARVEY| “syne wt |r ‘ao [rte tata een) ea Son Sar | eee gees ae J IM TO PROGRAM OF U.N. £..A.] %.00,counity {90m which inet DFC | or that Intger and greater iberty and] pletely found out and there Me motnina | A eeicins called You m wonderful f o"sPat ones thet act ie Prepare | ery Gis; ‘Tesind wrnitoadeds |e ects mat oF {bo found under: be:can do now to decelve Negroen that soveoue Ree. BLOOD.TONIG Ratag nod tener, Write the - r}he can do now to deceive Nesroes that | HH Swallow a few stoace, watch your-|row may be too late. ow Big Meeting Liberty Hall Decoration Day Night—+Leaders. From Divisions Outside of New “York ~Will' Appear— Garvey Again Warns Members to Display No Feeling + During Progress of Trial—Advises Them to Be Calm and Dispassionate - : . Night, May 26.—Bven-the enemies 0 the Universal Negro Improvement As koctation muet marvel when they be hold the wonderful manifestations 0 enthusiasm and loyalty on the part 0 the thousands of members of the Nev York Local. who, despite the storm 6 adversity which Is hovering around thi association and its leader, Mon, Mar cus Garvey, on the Instigation’of th enemies, ure maintaining an abldin falth in the movement’ and an un: shakable confidence In. thelr ‘leader ‘That such Jn the case 4s demonstrates Beyond all doubt by the luge craw: that continue to throng Liberty Hat every Sunday night: and not ony 1s this spirit Of tenuctouxness shown “by the New York Local, but from sit over the country-come the reports thatthe divisions to 4 man are standing soll hebind the prozram of the association And refusing to yield to the evil tn- Muenees that woukL AucH thgnt from the usenet" Und Aenea. te that Is xineerely working toward. the freedom and emancipation of the race. Hon. Willlam A. Sherrill, the allver- tongued orator of-the xanuctation, who has just returned from w tour of Midl- die West, in a wonderful speech to- night made a true unalysin of the ait- uation when he wxid that tho anemy te not worried about Marcun Garvey: ts not Aorried bout the members of tbe-Executive Council, but in wortled about those of the membership who have nworn to atick to and die by the Program: of. the Universal Negro Im- provement Adwoclation. Throughout the ‘Middle West, Mr. Sherrill paid, ax he went from division “to division and talked 10 members of the ofxanization they told him that “we are stilt with Marcus Garvey heart ant hand, and if he needs anything he has simply to call fon our division and we are at his Inek.* ‘The association, added Me Sherrill, ix passing through a period of fost: ut this is only the preliminary test to the greater tent that In yer to come. The test that the Universat Ne- gre Improvement Assoviation $s pine- Ing throusk at thin time ts simply tert that God has always brought upon Hin people when He was preparing them fora greater test, It wax a text tw atred ont the hypocrites: to shales off and scare away all thowe westk= knewd, Jolly taekhoned, spineless hype. erites, s0 that those who remualn bes | hind are the nnes upan whom Marcus: Garvey can depend when the Anal tot | toox came, Mr Sherrill canchnded by caying that the Mniversal Nogra Im. | pravenient Adsuctitian hase come. tn stay and will net be destroyed: it cane | not the destroyed by dostrasing i jeder dv Intimidating him. or trying oo xbut hes mouth, dust cee the Jews | he erueityine Jesus Chiat tried to de rey Christianity, simply rave to shrietianity £ mementum that sent it destvey. rotestentinm by” burning | Martiny Lather at we stake but instead | hereof gave to Protestantism ame: | mentum that gent it down the, cen. | ries, se in the attempt to destroy | Mareus Garvey will tie Cniversal Ne- | iro Improvement Assuctition be given | he mamentum that will xend it on and | nun! Negraes have been free and! edeonsed . : Lady Henrietta Vinton Davis, who! as ces heen on the field, returned! th greetings and messages. of en: | hmiiaem tom the Wivisions which’ she | ad visited. “find them,” sald Tardy | davis, “a hundred per cond. Garveyites herever To have bean: whether the? cisions were large or small, they! vere loyal tw thie Rreat caer and to] ne great man who is leading ue" | Mr Gurvéy apoke briety and res] dated the Warning, which he gave on || ne previous Sunday mehr to the mem. |. own paverebe 4p the Federal Ciara, hick Involved hitn and the asyociation,{' > refrain from any signa of feeling one |. ay or the other. He wan fully able]! > fake care of himself and did not]! elcome any act on the part of .ans-|‘ no which was.lkely to bring trouble pon themselves. The organization wan| ' nderxoing a tent—a test which was|! universal one and he had xbso-|t tely-no doubt that the membera of |' @ association would rise to the occa~|* on. not only tn America, not offy in| je Went Indien sind South’ and Central |! merica, but alao in Africa, The rame | nd of propaganta that was being | ed-here 10 demoralize the member- ip Inthe Western World was Laing|t ed in. Aes er were experi-|¢ joing the atime leappointment ..as | 4 ey were experiencing here. “|e Among the annowncements, made by m ¢. president: general was'-that on]! ednesday night, May 36, thers woetd | 1 a Dig mecting im Liverty Marl, at| ¥ a ee ee oe Cm Ee ah Eee eee Ne SERS hs enti See te en nree would be present, and deliver speeches The prexident generat then Imtroduce¢ to the audience Hon, Aft. Waro, prést dent of the Cinelnnat! Division, whict division, tie said, ted the way fn re sponding to culls from the parent bod; for nancial help, Following’ this, th presiderit generat performed the pleas: lng ceremony gC presenting to Captalr Minus, head 6f the Women's Moto Corps of the Axsoctation, witli a awore donated by the members of the Moto: Corps as a token of thelr appreciatior of her yervices., Captain Minus made 1 suitable acknowledgment of tho gif und promised th carry én er work with the Fimo zeal as ahe had In the past. HON. WILLIAM SHERRILL SPEAKS Hon. Wiillam Sherrill spoke as fol- lows: . 4 goes without saying that T am proud, after about five weeks’ absence, to bo present again in Liberty Hall, the craic of Negro Wherty, the place from whence come ie inspiration and fire that are burning tn the hearts of Ne- Kroes in America and everywhere, The enemies are after this historic spot. but long after Liberte Hall has crumbled; tong-atter those wha try to retard the propaxanda of this Rreat or- Kanization have ceaned to exist: long After we of this generation have punsed away, the memorlen of Liborty Hall will stand Asa monument of glory In ‘the aunait of Negro history. GAp= plaure.) | There +n nomething about Liberty Mait that makes one, when he leaver, hunger for the day when he returns; hence when T boarded the train as it started for New York city, the Penn- sylvania train did not seem to cnn fast enough. TL wanted to see what the pene ple in Liherty Hall were doing and say ing: T wanted 10 be at the source of the Inspiration that T shall try te curry: 1 wanted to be where the fire wits butt. | tng hetiest amd the Heht wag thickest Greetings from the Middle West | J bring yor preerings from the steat: divisions in the Middle West. It is wendlerful hw: the inembors of the Unt: | versil Negro Improvement Agsoesation | are ticking wit the program ef the | asunctition, One of the things that hus! gut tha enemy chuffed, ane ot the! things that he cannot understand, is| how ts ian the name af all the eriti | cima he his thrown ont, haw tn the! namne of all the things thatthe tree dua! oy as he thinks he rannint tutors wid | Nowe EAR EAT member é af Hie Uyivereadt Nose Improwenient Assows tsa saat | irk by thes program and Mareue! harvey. | Tt is sou that i worreine tm, He ts not worried abot Marens Garves. ie! Monet Warned sont the membera ef he Executive Comment, He te worried | bout these of yon wae have sworn to! tick t» and die by the program of the! naversal Negra lnsevemens A raion | fon, Applause) If he handies vou! Ie ean handle the organization. Anil! 1 go from division to division in thet f this keoat organtzation, they tol) me eart and hand, and J€ he necils an: hing he hax simply to call on “| vision and we are at his back. ho Spirit That Is Defeating’ the Enemy | 1. in this split caanitested on’ the |! art of the members of tha Universal | Serra Improvemsnt Assocation that Is] efeating the enemy an the outside, Passing Through « Period of Test |. The Unwersil Negro Impratementy| | Ssnclation {s passing through » period | test. Rut this is only the prelimt-|| ary test to the Rréatent teat that ts vat | f Drome. The test that the Unlerssa! | 4 fegro Improvement Association ts| aasing through at this time ix kimply | § test that God has ‘alwaya- brought | ' pon hin prople when he was preparing| 4 nem for a Kreater test. Sometimen 1] ¥ el that God Almighty in trying the niveraal Negro Imiprovement Asso- ation... ‘There were a lot of hypocriten| 1 round, ‘and we had to' find out those j tio were true-hearted ahd whole-| y eartg. anit God Almighty. almply| ¢ rought these little trials and thin teat | 9 )ahake away and scare away all thoe| y eak-kneed, ‘Jelly-backbone, spinelens |g ypoerites. And those who are atand- | ¢ ® are the ones upon whom Marcus | c arvey can deptnd when the final teat] mes. * r This te the ‘reftriing period; “this te} « @ period When we are separating the| le smonds from the dirt. You know in Being diemgnde-there is much earth| E-up with Une dlareBnds. They telly a s that tn the African diamond fields} o cre are thousands of ears filled, witha: ¢ dirt taken out of the diamond runes | tt nen this diet becomes dry they cary! through a procesa.of sifting dll is |-whatis happening to the Ualversal Ne- ‘gro, improvement, Ansoctation. ~The final test, le cdming- ‘The reat test is yet to come and we are simply going through the rettnin® period in order that we may find the pare dlamonde— in order thatigre'may find those “men and wemen upon whom we can‘depend iwhien ‘the real test for the Jife of .the | Negro racg shall come, -* The Exodus from the South ~ L havo had’ Just a little excursion South—a little excursion fn’ that part of the couhiry from which Negroes are moving every day. Traine ara loaded; trainn are crowded; Negroes’ are mov- ing. They aro leaving the ploughs and fhe furrows; they re leaving the saw- Tnilix running and they cre gatching the trains comli.g North looking for @ larger freedom and n larger Uberty. The White pooplo aro“holding conferences down there now: ‘they’ are begining to,call together tho big Negéoes, the Dishaps. and the preachers to mect In route to try to devise Wayx and nears to keen the black man in the Soath, echiee Wier seed hint, Bet al the thle Negrocs are lexving, nnd what 18 more, they re not telling any- body ‘about it; when they get ready thoy Sunt alniy ick up bag and ba: rie and catch a train. One white fellow ald he thought the Negro was being fooled North. Je 1# not being fooled: thoxe of you who kriow condi- tions ax T know them, know that the Negro who Ia leaving that part of the Country Is doing xo because he I tired of the intimidation and humiliation ho In compelled te suffer t the Southland. He ix coming North for a short time, for there Ix going to be another moving day. Rut when T think of the Sauthtand with {4 many Jim Crow Inws and segre- gation, I think only of tho methods that tho white man han wned ind fe using to Keep the Negra In what he} fonin te his pare, ximply becaute he fools the pronrees of the Wek mane! L hate his methods of desting with the Negro: (iat is the reer 1 am aligned with the program af the Unt- veraat Negro Improvement Axvockition. T hate white men for thelr arrogance: T hate them for thelr hypocsiss: and thelr false pretenws. “Lhate them for Ihe crimes that they have committed: L hate them for their love af pride and power and glory at any price; T hate: the white man'e methods of xeRreRst-| tion and disfranchixement and discrim= ination and lynching and burning, 1 hate lynching becuse it Iv 2 method | of Keeping a weaker race down. Some} nay the Universal, Negi Tmprovement | Aswaalation hates “white folks, They} vertsinis hate the methods use against: agen end unorganized any oppressed | race, Thate the methed of Iynehings Th rate it fare ihe crimes ft commits: | hate! A for the hames it hag destroyed: fer fhe tons 1¢ has strapped to the backs gwidewed methers, Late the method ne suysragietion; P hate it for the bitter nese it iinpearts inte the hegrte of met tedie of the Little het, ated as long a7 hewe methods continae Tan going to? sive up every Wut of Tite and witalits ind onerey Thave in ordes! that Tmisht to mist prt A helping te erabieate thes wile, whieh hak stew milieas, of Ne syows every MAY Poamy eaying to the members ett ety Hail, continue under tne banners fehe Hed, the Blank anid the Gree fonts with This gees nega stiOM nid stand behind Marcus Gave, wt Pteitine the tenth med le going te hep en telting the truth, we matter “at canshitwne he heat tet tree, We yee jung te tell the teath wtit the miei, heady Wants of the Tyne hers Te eapnsed; we cae atime te do at | ect Neaea ehildven ike thelr Bethe | JeWt ane tive Mis tie ad pebsitece | ther ehitdie have awd engeg. Weare! fag to tell rhe tenths woth hesismen | eval) thowe righta and puavileses nich belongs ta them aa ceny and | qughters of ane eamimion Pathers : Can Not Be Destroyed 5 We ure in this Geht ty stay The, miversas Negra Improvement Asso" § ation has come to stay, not to be dé tt royed. Yon ean not destroy a great | ' sanization by destroying ts benders | mn cain tit destray a great orzanizia~ | on by fitimidating ita feater: you can |! it destyay a great organization by try | : a ta shat the mouth of its lendar | ¢ shen the Jews tried to desis Chriss * amity hy ernclfying desua Christ thes’. | mply gave to Christianity a mothens | m that weuk send Ht dswny thie eee |S iries, when thay ted to destroy. rorestantism by burning Martin Lae. | er, they gave ft a momentum that io ne ft dawn the canturiee Now thay § a attemnting ta destroy Marcus Gar- i * they are simply giving to the Uni. real Negra Improvement Assorcition |S a momentum that will send 1 an and | antl Regroea figveheen fered and |? deomed. (Applause ° a Lady Davia Speake oda Lady Henrietta, Vinton Davis said: |} am Indeed delighted to .he hack in| Lady Henrietta, Vinton Davin said I am indeed delighted to .be back in Liberty Hall after a Bittle over a month's absence. I brifig witti me ihe greetings of thousands of our fellow- members of the Universal Negro Jm- provement Association. They told¥me to tel] you, “Let not your hearts We troubled." T find them @ hjindred per cent, Garveyitex. Wherever I have heen whether the divisions were large or small, they were loyal to thin greut cause and to thé great man who fs leading us, ° ~ . . 1 also have witnessed’ rhuch Gt the. exodus‘of, our people from the South- en States. As I got inte Cincinnati Dne-morning, the depot was crowded and when I Inoked about I saw, that two-thirds of the people in that depot wegp Negroes’ Corning from the South- eth heine tromtine hana acine cps pressor,-coming northward with thytr ‘yeu on the. North Star, looking for freedom ang. liberty, and they will copy tite: to ook, gy friende, antl OMe Fetar of Africa'rises, bidding them wel- come home.’ They are only: qn thelr way, ablding « little while here and a Uttlg while there, gathering themselves together for the: greater exodus’ that. ts sure’ to come: the Very near future to ail of cuir people, ‘nt only from the Unite States of America, Sut from the Weat Indies and trom the countrien ‘of Central America and South Amer- ica, crossing, the mighty ocean, looking for. that larger and greater Mberty and freetlom’ that oan only be found under thelr own vine sind fig tree, under thei own flag of the Red, the Black und the Green. (Applause.)* : HON. MQRCUS GARVEY “SPEAKS Hon, Marcus, Garvey sald: I shat ot make a apeech tonight, but I want to givo a. fow bls of advice. Lust Sunday 1 told those of you who wore golng to tho Court to go there and ‘sit down calmly and _dispaxsionately, without showing any stgna of emotion one way or'the other. T havo to com- pliment thoxe of you who followed those “instructions ‘dyspie the “week. Those of you who gotown this week Tfelt suro that you uxo going to con- duct yourseiver in it calm way and not, show any feellig. T don't want any ond to get inte trouble for me, ax one poor infortunate fellow di the other day. L want you Jo understand that Mareus Garvey a far ax his personal ability goes I able ty take dare of himself “and ts going to take care of himaeif: no T want you to realize that you are not doing mea favor when, you do or sty hnything that ix Mkely to get you Into trouble, | Organization Put to the Test We Dive reached the pnint where our grea! organketion ts put ty the teat. ‘This test fx 2 universal ene and [havo absolutely no doubt that the members of thix sueeciation will ripe | {othe weeasion, swe only in Amerie, | not only In thy West tnlles sand South | aiid Central morte, bait Also in Arte L was very pleased after readinie # copy of an Afrlean paper some time se aden adapneeaie AH: cer esha WELCOME STRANGER COMMITTEE BEGINS CAM- PAIGN FOR CONVALESCENTS |g AsSemmnittre of ie omenliet th | Welcome Stranger Movement amit | ated with the New York Urban Léiag [stl sunek a campaign for a Conv Foscent and Fiesh Nie Fund, bosinning Monday, dune d, canl egtenimg thesineh tune 3 SUinder the saneetion af Mile Auzust MMO arion. eh, Mere) Mary Tainaston, secretary, situ Mis Eater ON. Parle, tvacures. Ube commits weil combs eo maypmteth yemeet file SARE Wet EAN treet wiih SH te the waitiad atop toward tote Tistiine 6 fr fee a eenvatewownt Means Fist indyest ethan Woe tne de Boon Mosteest Doge sie) Wingseer Eurand tte a Coandatceay tt ot thie Waneeny tatee ane ad dation od fhe 7 Mrs Mi cert Mediineeht is ho an ed 18 "Abb othe SEF tite Cot attire and Mie Antes oomg Eee he New Vek Velen Penae We dial press Peteatatien tyest seer pripes tueresaic warvete epee ered aivlide see period anmedate te fetles fie Then te even fren Lepatal ar te Terk alien Soe qorttent bo te tiet eat from Kine orsuee ae sdqewnieactes 1 ties gs» Cian Ge ieee ik tant “BAA Ie Mind ie ADs patent fs atteasptanss hs tent anettyece tent en Mca a ot Pete tor tke Cony atesvenen te oto ne joelebe |) RE MORINES. dw ARB Grohe Pert MN MMM aaitEye Bes t6 prevent a peste baatetow Thi Vieced States fhe g ctetal af? O80 eens ces ennt Weis, famatead Gn iwentyethnes States. Nea York it nae HERR, AE per cont of the wheat pumbsey of evawwaleseent Besbe gy the United Stet. Mast af these hemes | leny wane csin ts enlovend yationts Phe shure. Reseavets Burd hie tj rently mits 4 suFVey nf em esee nt ware, while Suna upe the twedy ats fol} exes ae , i SAVIN Uh eslured popatetion af Vis: mtyrapnres Hie POUA8, Mere aa Nedintie he ith teepirement of stelle? yed and feepnriienats convalescent sare for then It will take some time | 9 doveloy) ged organization for the | fection ved follow-up This heme ould well start with Atican hede tn inter. wh summer extgnsion 14! round thes. for women and ehnare | nainly, wire accommodation far a few! men and hous. A broad disease clux: | Mivatio®, tw include heart disease te ended, with part pay pravision at | aclied (hut enty small income expert 4 from this source), A Burka Foun- ation fund of between $$.000, “and 7.000 per annum wax wel applied to iis neha fn tlie four years 1915-1919; ince then nly #3,000 per anitum.has cin availalic. Ten toiftecn thouxand ollarn should be applied yearly to our olared convaleacents, and, according > population ratios, morbidity and aa~ lal conditions, thin would demand radual increase.” . By making application to the New || ‘ork’ Urban League, admission may be | ained to the North Pelham Home, |: few Rochelle, N. ¥. (under aupervinion f the New York Urban League) with af: apacity ‘of eight bedn Sire. Hattle | wertwine Ix superintendent. The eacue serves an .admieaion office for | her homes, The rates ara $10 per|' eek, Full pay. part pay and free pa-|1 enia are admitted. ‘ [the new conSdenceof Africa. The same fete of propaganda that has besn used here to demorallae you within the last nineteen’ mofthe. tp get you to tora fagainet me and the ‘association isthe Jeane Kind of propaganda: the ‘British, French and Ttallane have used tn JAfeica for the ame period of, time; fout-the same disappointment that.they lare experiencing with vome of you" m America is the same kind of dleap- polntment they ate” experiencing In JAtrlca. Tho anclent enemy has played hla-gaine for J00 years; he has played IC ab, long until he hig, been com- pletely found out and there is nothing he can do now to deceive Negroes that Negroes don't Know about. .They have tho wrong paycbology uf the twentleth century Negro—the twentieth century, Negro le reformed man, le a new man—the more-you ght him the more he fights! the twentleth century” Negro amilen in tho face of opposition— silen at death when death leads to Miers, "ant the new Neato Ie gens (0 murprito the: world, © My advice therefore to the Universal Negro Improvement Adsociatlon Urotighout the werd Is to be firm and steadfaet; hold your ‘ground; give not avkay 0 the “enemy: Iet us hold the fort for the unborn nilllions of Nearoes that are coming. That te my message lo the Nexro people of the world, and I, fect sure that, so will take “the fFfendly sudviee uf (he one who lax trled to Tea yon) tn thie asaoctation fer the ast-ten years, Do not im any way be nervous about me, because T Knows 1y wert: 1 realize. the respanstiility that fails upon my soullers na the founter and eaantzer wind ax thus leader of the Universal Nesra Improvenient Assockt = tien, TF woubl be untrue ta yon woul Lee tintyne- tw the unborn Reters= tints of this race 4C J Akl not at this Hae realli any teapanelbiiities and mig esilisi. Ia the call far freedom, in the Work that must be done sacrifice must be muaddes” sone must he made to suffer, sine ninist. he tamales, bat atave the hanuttlation, aluve the sacel- ‘en, itnove death Wil eta, that jlertints Jay —the day when Africa shill we ee cise Ui Hee neatont) ElGee the HAY when Ataunaana Segewe. sf he = AE DS LADY VINTON DAVIS VISITS DAYTON, OHIO Vavton Unvisien was entertisaned on Sunken aiterneen, Ape 2. at pt by the Fourth Assistant Presitent- Genoial, Lady Henrietta Vinton Davie The SMS of the Dayton’ Diinién have longed for the visit of Lady Davis to their midst, although they. were Aisappeintesd en the gehts of Ajyeel 2 ath SR where ath aneaniseme nite tad lesa GninteSRGgtNe ROGUE He sesntat ter her erst Avthection wis takes it The asnter Viessent itediyeatyoe ke, qtr eslewtand the aimcent We Bho Laks DA Wes these optioned ye the Messer ate Sheesetfeenerexsdlien fie. ons ARieee” Mme hetiese Wathie Whale beat Haat of Finead te Mave Ives sa wating tes die for the wane at tee SOD A a ete Atty she asd skeen Gr ane tai | Sapbiming the ae and cones at ate | : wie at fie querer fate al fete Deak the ane te they beri ht taesohie Mie Baki tat ae deseavead! be te at waew's thee ON AT Mie Bates wire te beave Dancin atone | tee oddtee an the after far He | Wee Pt eared Hur vie see rush T Doe eontid tes stays acer ceist ) coutte | woth Geterat 1 De Guanes whew | Mr Winston, cari an Teste trem | Caen nt ay TR pom General Games: and Necenay Wiasten woe inet it Hie SHition iy Seoreniny WO) Satie on attul esearted te mys ball and oy st Mh RW Man stased fon Af eM wom, Opening adders Sway be | Hin Mrs. Cecelia Wn ae, Patt Lads View Mregutent nf ftaccon tt Ao shart talk by WL 0) Simpran plewiinn Tap members Seiectiane by * Wilisame Orchestts. ehiel furnished « musis fer this meeting Recstanons | wv duivenites Varnisen Gras, tiva Gray | Song and dri by Edn A Sampson, bra sears ald, Sang by the Division, | ‘Arie Yo Garvey Nation” Attor this | ong 4 ealieetion was tuken far the hviswn and General BL. Ganiew by Seeratary: W. 0. Sampson, the amount ing ESI. After, this collection aady Gayle was shen cntled upon. by he Honorable Secretary for a. few emarks and to Intradiiee General F. » Gainer. Z General Cines apoke for one hour, nd, believe me, he tald. the “Negroen n DaSton a few things. The Universal ‘agro Improvement *Aatociation...haw can well explained by the list three Mcorn fram the parent body.’ Firat y Mon. R. EB, Smith,. aecdnd, by Lady avis, third, but not at all leant, Gen= ral F. L, Gaines. ‘After the wonderful Adress from tho General, Garvey aonk nd collection. In this collection $48:30 ‘an taken in fof General Gaines and mr expeiinen of the meeting. Lady avin In to return to Daytdn on the aventh of May and begin a werien of eetings. beginning, op the eighth and xtending through the eleventh of May. TOU Leas. THE BOOK THAT EVERYBODY IS READING Now Off the Press ORDER NOW TO SECURE YOUR COPY "6 PHILOSOPHY AND OPINIONS oF - MARCUS GARVEY” . | EDITED BY . AMY JACQUES-GARVEY First Edition | Published by THE UNIVERSAL PUBLISHING HOUSE . TABLE OF CONTENTS : . = CHAPTER 1. Relerie® CHAPTER 1. . “ipeanasotn naan Deron Sinn east [ae the mest Ea EASanon esa Fan ot ata erence craton, | SATE A saate naam: Ne Nataly “pale amamiatincd "=r Elesraen 2 a «| BRete BPs roae Seog etme dana tr Re REED one Ghe Tatetal . re miner ot tne sae Frade, CUA TER AY sacee of the Seare tn Comect RTE AP RE [mR GRE Fem ws samt ETERS Bos | ESS Win cymme cot | se Prcratntion tr ne Negro motion | a TSeuent penlad Fock Deede Buse Pesach aaat ee Prem | metaanens penta ROME Wakincdn' eter ° : o cuarren ¥. Eesecigatig teen Thenatnat on Art Ry Price: Paper Cover, $1.25; Cloth Cover, $1.75, Postpaid Send in Your Orders Now With Cash, Certified Check ev, Postal Money Order or Registered Currency to . BOOK DEPARTMENT © se UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION : NEW YORK, USA: “oF * "De you efter trom SICK aus ton BAD. or, POOR -BLOOD?. Are you troubled with: UMATIOM . . ANRIMIA NI NEURALGIA ase by GIA a i ge UGHS PLESSNESS §6COLOS - MA CATARRH NZZINESS * PARALYSIS. Ts your Bone. Marrow. drying ub so ae fo make you lose weight or jve you dull Byes, Pale Lips tall- Fra’ ait, 0 tees full of, PIMPLES? ‘Cheer up!” A. New York chemist Knows of a. aure-and-enay way. £0 Set weil, he offers you ® wonderful, medicine called JOYZONE RED BLOOD TONIC Swallow a fow.toses, watch your- aelt become atronger, mors power: ful, full of Life, real Pep’ and Energy. This tonic ‘builds ‘up the BLOOD, NERVES. brings back We aro expecting @ grand. time In Dayton during the stay of Mins Davin in our. cily. :The parent, Voily can always ‘depend on Dayton to do ‘her pit In the redemption of Africa. Fraternnlly yours, DAYTON DIVISION NO. 214. 43 Parker Ave., Dayton, Ohlo. JOHN HM. NEELY, Pres, W, 0. SAMPSON, Secy. BRYANT FITCHPATRICK, Treas. COL CHARLES W. YOUNG - HONOR CEREMONY aay (st snarked,: (he Gay On waren tribute was-pald to the late Col, Charler W, Young by the Col Charles Young Pest, of the Ameriean Loxton, and other agencies and friends whe revered this krewt min. ‘The servicer were held At the City College great hall, 140th Mtreot ant Amsterdam avenue, Organ- faations, ele. participating met ut the Fifteenth Regiment. Armory, 12nd Street smnd Seventh avenue at 11.30 A. om, Whore the procession formed. The tine of parade was east an 122d street te Lows, north on “henax. to IBSth ateeet, west on IRS) stron, to Sevynth avenuep north on Seventhave nine te LISED atreet, west on TENth street UO St Nikolas avenue, north on St Nivholax avenue te TUR, xtveet, wont on Hath xtreet to Amterdam avenue tn the great Ill af CHy College, Mang persons Ivan along the hie of march dieated a derocated Chea. mis Dr W. 1, R puttets, eaten af “The Crisis.” and Hon, Thevidese Ronsevett, Assistant Seevenney of the Navy, were the princhal speakers. To Yeung Men's Divison of the West 18th street branch Y. M,C. A. under..the supersigie ot Mr Ju) = Mavers, uated ax ushers, Services began promptly at 1230, A NOTED VISITOR fa doko Ee Sith of Weshingtow, | O, former eter ef the Seamer atid 3 mihubee if Cat, diag Ve lhe. Gar Jat Navy Unie, GS AS arewnted Hite ongaitz sew tt thet ssremanten, ti Peter of Cobetel Veuns morehing with ro Nahe ctadtaae af eae eatieck ‘The fine imiiniate Besing ot Captor Sinth wos aemached iy jisne wie Shtched the Weencion Thee sane am GENERAL NOTICE ieee oa teed ND, A. tle poe eth Uaioe Athena Wey 4 Cited aE Ae EN MLN Hive ek tioiees ante Hisbl Puaw whe wht ce an thee DOE af ane, as woes ted fe Negaee Wot buon Menno Bos Valet Me Les | Seemed Ob VOW APTLY | Stay: ssn, ane Sev etter, E 2 Zen ar and” ; ROR gL eg It you. deat: me, wale me. préwe not en renee ere oo tonic ‘3 -have to i cthare=—tt le ap. to ree body to diame if you at oft. cial offer: “Mail's deller in cask; Hampe of mosey onder and” the: genuine Joyrone Medicine will be: Sent to you at ance. (Please mention your druggists name). a 7 Don't tet sickness hang around: don’t wait until you are gone, Take. the sick ones thet ect Te, Prepare. yourselr, fight it oft! Write the letter and order right now, tombr- row may be too late. Address Dr. M. WOTON BAKSON, ®. O. Box 47, Hamilton Grange Sta- tion, New York City, . . JOHNNY KILBANE AND "EUGENE CRIQUI IN FINE CONDITION FOR FIGHT Both principals of the international featherweight title cqntest to be dé- ‘clded at the Polo Grounds, on June 2. are now’ on the scene of the big atti. end cehoad. {key uses ive swouer of thelr Intensive {ralning yesterday. ‘Tho Frenchman, Eugene Criqui, the Euros pean champton, hax never been” far from the battle grourid abies hin nt Hval In “thls, country. Ho located at Manhaswet, L. 1, the pretty ttle ham- Tet made famous s'~The © training auartere of hig countrytian, Georges Carpenticr, prior te shin unsucceaatal attempt to wrest the heavywalght title fram Jack Dempucy, two years ago. Jotinny Kilbane, who arrived from Cleveland on Fridayy Mnally elected to use“Philadetphia Jack” O'Brien's gxri~ nnalum Jn Manhattan, an the place to round himself Into ‘physical perfection for the tern task before him. 11 went through hile first sesaton yeater= duy. and tho consensux of opinion voiced by the experta who watched film In tetion was hat the lttle ttle holder is still the ring marvel as of olf. Four months of preliminary bullding up, on iis farm at Vermition,. Ohto, finds Johnny from outward appearances iittle charged since he first annexed the title from Abe Attell, eleven yenrn sso. When: tripped for action hix clean ent holly belied the signe of age hinted at by the allver streaks ot: Ria Tonmeriy riven | Stee Bale. Fae down to 144 poundal and wlit confine tus werk from now an to adding speed ait aventacy to hie punches Inclement wenther forved the French wan hela ts piake use of hie fndaor quarters at Manhasset, yesterday—that stor his, sparring And other Wht exervises, ft deel not prevent him front So tive wille Jount over the hile and gies of Ihe North Shore of Lang Ist sand when he retinned to camp he was wavered wiftt nie from Read rv tent fitest ynimrwet ta tale shows mn the forties of Vhe ttle soldier of Kietee’ In amite of the downpour of pate The onbath anebowr gevnonastiom was lawned te the ator when he went Uheeush hee pees, DO YOU NEED LUCK? Alien, Siren ios pees (she pine an Mart if setgngite ine cheat Meee ie pees tale ie fe sea te, A eaten me! rohit Sh ANA dace meas IRS a aac “ve oon MESES ASTER ge an Ta ee a Oe Sta Negro World 88 West 136th Street, New York. Telephone Hibern 2677 A paper published every Saturday in the interest of the Negro race and the Universal Negro Improvement Association by the African Communities League. MARTIN GARVET ..... Managing Editor RICH WILLIAM E. FERRIS, M. A. K. G. O. N. ..... Literary Editor RICH D. WALBOND ..... Associate Editor R. R. MATTHEWS ..... Business Manager SIR JOHN R. BRUCE, K. G. O. N. ..... Contributing Editor SUBSCRIPTION RATES: THE NEGRO WORLD Domestic One Year. $3.50 Three Months. 1.25 Three Months. 75 Foreign One Year. $3.00 Three Months. 1.00 Three Months. 1.35 Entered as second-class matter April 16, 1913, at the Postoffice at New York, K. Y. under the Act of March 8, 1879. PRICES: Five cents in Greater New York; seven cents elsewhere in the U. S. A.; ten cents in Foreign Countries. Advertising Rates at Office VOL. XIV. NEW YORK, JUNE 2, 1923 No. 16 The Negro World does not knowingly accept questionable or fraudulent advertising. Readers of the Negro World are earnestly requested to invite our attention to any failure on the part of an advertiser to adhere to any representation contained in a Negro World advertisement. "THE BIRTH OF A RACE" E Birth of a Race," by Mr. A. M. M. appeared in the London Quarterly Review masterly summary of the Booker Washin' movement, the Du Bois movement and the Pic, West African and South Africanences ably sum up the article: "Due to segregation laws to higher education perceive in himself the arousal of a my factors seem to be conspiring to for that he is not a hanger on to white cis people with a destiny. The Negro business. A new race is being born." THE Birth of a Race," by Mr. A. M. Chirgwin, which appeared in the London Quarterly Review, represents a masterly summary of the Booker Washington movement, the Garvey movement, the Du Bois movement and a masterly grasp of the Asiatic, West African and South African situations. The closing sentences ably sum up the article: "Due to many causes, ranging from segregation laws to higher education, the Negro is beginning, to perceive in himself the arousal of a new and mighty thing. Many factors seem to be conspiring to force upon him the realization that he is not a hanger on to white civilization, but a member of a people with a destiny. The Negroes are achieving race consciousness. A new race is being born." The U. N; I. A. Mergwin is not overfriendly to Marcus G. Negro Improvement Association, and you notice. Mr. Chirgwin says of Marcus G. that he is easy to dismiss with impatient gesture but he represents. The move but not morally significant. Its importance extends to which race consciousness sections in Afro-America." We are Mr. Chirgwin were to take his cue from I. A. mass meetings instead of from would find the U. N. I. A. morally significant the U. N. I. A. as a tremendous spirit bound with. We will give an elaborate review of a review of "The Philosophy and Opinion." THE NEGRO STILL COMES IN White press seems much concerned at the eastern Negro to the North. We wonder moment at what we look upon as concern the Negro does anything unusual wonder why. They are asking why the well well why. Don't you fool yourself other. Well, since they ask we will read brothers and sisters come north. Negro comes north first of all because he of the efforts of certain paid Negro. He comes because he wants his careful influence of bought and controlled tired of being continually cheated and whites; because he is tired of working of all he wants his wife and daughter out Negro-chasing white man. Now you is for better or for worse—it can't be and has the full right to move or stay by right of toil, by right of birth, service on all of America's battlefields, cares to. At any rate he comes. It will miss him. Perhaps he will missovers have parted before, and in this the longer for the parting. If the cotton will, let it fail; the black man will lose to cotton crop, he always lost at any stop, he cannot lose, for; according to that was never free from debt. In the works pass on; for God's sake, let us pass on, perhaps, had rather see him remain. Others point out that the odds again are too many, and that in the struggle it might be, he would be the loser. We continue to come. Let them come. We have been in Egypt know the nature know the pain and horrors endured. On the throne knows not Joseph. The nor will the succeeding ones know hisings and earrings you can and move to the attitude of those who are now down come. Mr. Chirgwin is not overfriendly to Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association, and yet he recognizes their importance. Mr. Chirgwin says of Marcus Garvey: "It is as foolish as it is easy to dismiss with impatient gesture this man and the movement he represents. The movement is numerically large, but not morally significant. Its importance here is that it reveals the extent to which race consciousness has developed among large sections in Afto-America." We are inclined to believe that if Mr. Chirgwin were to take his cue from personal visits to the U. N. I. A. mass meetings instead of from the words of critics he would find the U. N. I. A. morally significant. As it is, he recognizes the U. N. I. A. as a tremendous spiritual fact which must be reckoned with. Next week we will give an elaborate review of this significant article and also a review of "The Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey." AND THE NEGRO STILL COME$ NORTH THE white press seems much concerned at the coming of the Southern Negro to the North. We wonder why all of this amazement at what we look upon as commonplace. Of course, when the Negro does anything unusual the whites are inclined to wonder why. They are asking why the Negro comes. They know full well why. Don't you fool yourselves into thinking otherwise, either. Well, since they ask we will really inform them as to why our brothers and sisters come north. The Negro comes north first of all because he wishes to. He comes in spite of the efforts of certain paid Negro leaders to keep him in bondage. He comes because he wants his children removed from the benevolent influence of bought and controlled Negro teachers; because he is tired of being continually cheated and daily robbed by the Southern whites; because he is tired of working for nothing; because most of all he wants his wife and daughters removed from the omnipresent Negro-chasing white man. Now you have it. He comes for better or for worse—it can be for worse. He is a citizen and has the full right to move or stay, ride or walk. He is a citizen by right of toil, by right of birth, by right of full measure of service on all of America's battlefields. Why shouldn't he move if he cares to go? At any rate he comes. The South will miss him. Perhaps he will miss the South—but not much. Lovers have parted before, and in this case the black man will live the longer for the parting. If the cotton crop fails, as some claim it will, let it fail; the black man will lose nothing. Cotton crop or no cotton crop, he always lost at any rate. Cane crop or no cane crop, he cannot lose, for; according to the white man's arithmetic, he was never free from debt. In the words of Edmund Purke, "Let us pass on; for God's sake, let us pass on." Some of us, perhaps, had rather see him remain on the job and right it out. Others point out that the odds against him in such an endeavor are too many, and that in the struggle, regardless of how peaceful it might be, he would be the loser. Well, they come, and they will continue to come. Let them come. You who have been in Egypt know the nature of the taskmaster. You know the pain and horrors endured. You know that the Pharaoh on the throne knows not Joseph. The former ones knew him not, nor will the succeeding ones know him. So get all of the finger rings and earrings you can and move to the far country seems to be the attitude of those who are flow down in Egypt. At any rate, they come. T. W. A. THE A. M. E. CONFERENCE New York Annual A. M. E. Conference, held in Bethel A. M. E. Church in New York royally entertained. Dr. Montrose W. T. to the general conference and will be in the First Episcopal District for the b about this conference was the practice session Mr. Fred R. Moore; editor of Erdy C. Ransom, editor of the A. M. Shop Wm. H. Heard spoke of the work that Dr. A. Clayton Powell had constituted the A. M. E. Church, while retail THE New York Annual A. M. E. Conference held its 101st session in Bethel A. M. E. Church in New York City and was royally entertained. Dr. Montrose W. Thornton heads the delegation to the general conference and will be the recognized candidate from the First Episcopal District for the bishopric. The unique thing about this conference was the practical discussions. At the opening session Mr. Fred R. Moore; editor of the New York Age; Dr. Reverdy C. Ransom, editor of the A. M. E. Church Review, and Bishop Wm. H. Heard spoke of the wonderful institutional church that Dr. A. Clayton Powell had constructed in Harlem. They urged the A. M. E. Church, while retaining its evangelical fervor, to expand to meet modern social conditions. Dr. Raxter, the manager of the A. M. E. Book Concern, and Dr. R. R. Wright, Jr., the editor of the Christian Recorder, spoke of the laborate publishing plant that they planned constructing. Other or- THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, JUNE 2, 1923 organizations are now adopting the constructive industrial program of the U. N. I. A. that George W. Well, If I am Catholol! I heard THE HOWARD SENTINEL WE have received the t mencement number of Neval H. Thomas, coor Harvard's Fair Example." I rallied and prevented President traditions of fair Harvard. T Howard must also rally and b traditions of her past and previ trailing in the dust of a crass and we received the trustee-alumni number statement number of the Howard Alumni al H. Thomas, contributes a splendid fair Example." He showed how H. ventured President Lowell from loweri fair Harvard. The inference is that also rally and hold Howard true to her past and prevent her intellectual dust of a crass and sordid materialism. WE have received the trustee-alumni number and the commencement number of the Howard Alumni Sentinel. Prof. Neval H. Thomas contributes a splendid article on "Fair Harvard's Fair Example." He showed how Harvard's alumni rallied and prevented President Lowell from lowering the idealistic traditions of fair-Harvard. The inference is that the alumni of Howard must also rally and hold Howard true to the ideals and traditions of her past and prevent her intellectual standards from trailing in the dust of a crass and sordid materialism. "THE TURNING POINT" AFTER three hundred years from progress and enlightenment, our lives and race. We have called upon to declare to the world and reconstruction will find whether we will bear them the test period of their history. To consider some of the ways Turning Point," these items must (1) Unity of purpose; (2) Administration of allied problem factors that tend to improve our Briefly the old proverb, "Upplies very well in whatever light order to succeed, we are bound to the ground. So much for uni-Now we come to the phase, prises must be backed up by Nigro them. Therefore, it is absolute Negro pool, on which our finance. COMPETENT ADM THE world was dragged in incompetent administration nation or nations are un errors in administration. Hence honest leaders, in order to be sure Turning Point." In order to promote app mentioned factors in connection to develop progressive and fair im-plished by improving our educ industrially, economically, instit-but not least, expansively, for w at home, but does not end there applied in order to reach our world. To eliminate selfishness, understandable throughout the life so that those not able to read on their own language of the happen the development of appreciative ment, from which will spring a Turning Point" of our race and it is incumbent upon every in the fight is on. To quote from H lution," "It's the light for the se be prepared to defend our exist complete unless the strong bear feet of earth divide us all. We ha but the time has come when we are to be in the race for fu loyal subjects to all countries a but little, if any, compensation. with us. Let us unite, push for this, believing in the brotherhood success is bound to crown our eff of three hundred years of forceful and progress and enlightenment, we find one with the problems that constitute the race. We have, to a greater or less declare to the world whether this peril instruction will find us shifting our rest will hear them the same as the other in their history. For some of the vital points in connection of purpose: (2) Pooling of resources of allied problems: (4) Development and to improve our states. We old proverb, "United we stand, divided in whatever light it be-taken. Hence, we are bound to unite, lest our efforts be so much for unity of purpose. Some to the phase, pooling of resources, backed up by Negroes, if Negroes are more, it is absolutely essential that we which our financial destiny will depend. PETENT ADMINISTRATION, Old was dragged into a bloody conflict of petent administration, with the result that nations are undergoing severe perilization. Hence, it is our duty to elicit in order to be successful, for the real reason. To promote appreciative minds to students in connection with "The Turning Passive and fair initiatives. These can improve our education, socially, politically, economically, institutionally, constructively, expansively, for we must consider that does not end there. Again these must be to reach our scattered millions to eliminate selfishness, the true doctrines must throughout the length and breadth of not able to read or write English, may stage of the happenings in the various context of appreciative and ultimate unity which will spring an association that will of our race and history. Resent upon every man, woman and child. To quote from Professor Darwin's "The light for the survival of the fittest, defend our existence, and no prepares the strong bear the burdens of the side us all. We have fought and sacrificed come when we must do the same in the race for future progress and re-role all countries and governments, we will compensation. And on this account, us unite, push forward, and when we join the brotherhood of man and the father to crown our efforts. AFTER three hundred years of forceful and unfair seclusion from progress and enlightenment, we find ourselves face to face with the problems that constitute the turning point of our lives and race. We have, to a greater or lesser extent, been called upon to declare to the world whether this period of emancipation and reconstruction will find us shifting our responsibilities or whether we will bear them the same as the other races during the test period of their history. To consider some of the vital-points in connection with "The Turning Point," these items must be considered: (1) Unity of purpose; (2) Pooling of resources; (3) Competent administration of allied problems; (4) Development of all necessary factors that tend to improve our states. Briefly the old proverb, "United we stand, divided we fall," applies very well in whatever light it be-taken. Hence the reason, in order to succeed, we are bound to unite, lest our efforts fail and fall to the ground. So much for unity of purpose. Now we come to the phase, pooling of resources. Negro enterprises must be backed up by Negroes, if Negroes are to benefit by them. Therefore, it is absolutely essential that we have a race on Negro pool, on which our financial destiny will depend. COMPETENT ADMINISTRATION, ETC. THE world was dragged into a bloody conflict in 1914 through incompetent administration, with the result that the guilty nation or nations are undergoing severe penalties for their errors in administration. Hence, it is our duty to elect capable and honest leaders, in order to be successful, for the realization of "The Turning Point." In order to promote appreciative minds to solve the aforementioned factors in connection with "The Turning Point," we must develop progressive and fair initiatives. These can only be accomplished by improving our education, socially, politically, morally, industrially, economically, institutionally, constructively and, last, but not least, expansively, for we must consider that charity begins at home, but does not end there. Again these must be universally applied in order to reach our scattered millions throughout the world. To eliminate selfishness, the true-doctrines must be rendered understandable throughout the length and breadth of the universe, so that those not able to read or write English, may be informed in their own language of the happenings in the various countries, thence the development of appreciative and ultimate universal improvement, from which will spring an association that will mark "The Turning Point" of our race and history. It is incumbent upon every man, woman and child to realize that the fight is on. To quote from Professor Darwin's "Theory of Evolution," "It's the fight for the survival of the fittest," and we must be prepared to defend our existence, and no preparation can be complete unless the strong bear the burdens of the weak, until six feet of earth divide us all. We have fought and sacrificed for others, but the time has come when we must do the same for ourselves if we are to be in the race for future progress and recognition. As loyal subjects to all countries and governments, we have received but little, if any, compensation. And on this account the issue rests with us. Let us unite, push forward, and when we shall have done this, believing in the brotherhood of man and the fatherhood of God, success is bound to crown our efforts. P. L. B. BEAUTIFUL TRIBUTE FROM THOS. WALKER, HOWARD'S DISTINGUISHED ALUMNUS Your favor of the 15th inst., accompanied by newspaper clippings containing your editorial comment, and the letter of condolence of Prof. William H. H. Hart, brought to me my first knowledge of the passing away of your dear mother. It was never my pleasure in my lifetime to meet Mrs. Erriss, but I have heard you speak so often of her, as well as of your father, who predeceased her, and my relations with you have always been so very cordial that I feel a sense of personal loss in her passing away. It has been nearly forty years since the dear woman, my good mother, who nurtured me in helpless infancy, passed from and beyond this life, but I recall vividly the void which her absence created and left for me. The old plantation in Alabama where I was born, and where she continued to reside until she died, never had for me after her death, the churn which its scenes and memories hold always for me while she lived. I visited there thirty years after she had passed away, and stood with uncovered head by the side of her silent grave, and brought away with me, and have now, a few of the words that grew over that sacred plot. The old plantation, to me, without her, was lonesome and cheerless. I can, therefore, fully imagine what your feeling was in your first moments of consciousness that your good mother had gone from you forever, never to return with her love and care for your. However, there will never come a day in either of our lives when either of us can pay beyond the influence of our mother's early training, nor can we, amid future joys and sorrows, place ourselves beyond the influence of their lives upon our spiritual being. Their labors for us, and their fervent prayers, commending us to the all merciful Heavenly Father, have been finished, while, for a short time, we ablaze in the shadows until the coming of that day when our spiritis shall cross the bar, and put out to the open sea in quest of the loved ones who await our coming. Deeply sympathizing with us Deeply sympathising with you in your great bereavement. I am always. justee-alumni number and the context of the Howard Alumni Sentinel. Pro attributes a splendid article on "Past He showed how Harvard's alumni Lowell from lowering the idealist the inference is that the alumni of Cold Howard true to the ideals and sent her intellectual standards from sordid materialism. cars of forceful and unfair seclusion, lightenment, we find ourselves face to that constitute the turning point on to a greater or lesser extent, beek world whether this period of emancipation and its shifting our responsibilities comes same as the other races during the vital points in connection with "The best be considered—Pooling of resources; (3) Competitions; (4) Development of all necessary states. United we stand, divided we fall," apart it be taken. Hence the reason, it to unite, lest our efforts fail and fall of purpose. Pooling of resources. Negro enter Negroes, if Negroes are to benefit by essential that we have a race of social destiny will depend. MINISTRATION, ETC. into a bloody conflict in 1914 through on, with the result that the guilty undergoing severe penalties for their, it is our duty to elect capable and successful, for the realization of "The sociative minds to solve the afore with "The Turning Point," we must initiatives. These can only be accommodation, socially, politically, morally, rationally, constructively and, lastly, we must consider that charity begins. Again these must be universally scattered millions throughout the true doctrines must be rendered length and breadth of the universe, write English, may be informed inings in the various countries, thence and ultimate universal improvement association that will mark "The history. man, woman and child to realize that Professor Darwin's "Theory of Evolution of the fittest," and we must patience, and no preparation can be the burdens of the weak, until six have fought and sacrificed for others, must do the same for ourselves if sure progress and recognition. And governments, we have received. And on this account the issue rests ward, and when we shall have done of man and the fatherhood of God, ports. P. L. B. "BEADS" VS. "NO-NATION" BY KATE FENNER 1385 Osceola St., Denver, Colo. Opening the door of 1665 Carlton street, the words of this Southern hymn greeted my ears, "Swing Low, Sweet Charlot." Mrs. Lewis, my landlady, wan a singer of no mean merit, but one deplorable thing—no matter at what time of night she felt the spirit of getting happy coming on—it was a case of sawing wood and saying nothing. But, with true Southern hospitality, she brightened many a sunless day for me—a stranger—from the Southland. Entering my room, the first thing I spied pinned on my pillow was, "Grandma made doughnuts today." Mrs. Lewis often welcomed me, but caring for two grandchildren and a daughter was quite burdensome also. The little girl, Cella, was quite a favorite of mine and used all sorts of subterfuges to have me come in and play the plane. After rearranging my hair, I decided to inspect Grandma's doughnuts, and also digest same if asked. I knocked on the door, "Who's that?" . "Miss Jones." I answered. "Chile, how often have I tole yo' yo' is home, an' not to knock? I'se busy as usual, so come right in. Did yo' git ma note? I tried to git that limp of Satin, George Washington, to write it, but he jee wouldn't. Between you and I and the back fence, he won't 'mount to nothin' Now, Celia, for instance, is a angel—I mean without wings. I haf to ask God's forgiveness for' paring Him with human beings, no count, sinful ones." I reassured her that it was all right and that the Bible spoke of human beings' created in the image of God: "Well," she continued, "I don' like to quertion God, but did you know there is hardly two people that look alike in dina' worl? Honey, has yo' evah stop to look?" Sometimes the creature lowest-down demands explanations that educators cannot answer. Although a graduate from one of the largest colleges, I was at sea. Seeing my proficient, she loyalty changed the subject. "What's that I heart?" she asked. "No nation, no nation!" These words were lustily screamed out by George, Washington, the black limp of Satin. I had been a victim of just such a name during my childhood in my home town—Memphis, Tenn. My heart bled for Cola. Mrs. Lewis called: "Cella; yo' an' that George Washington, come 're' "Well, if I am an 'matter,' you are a Catholic!" I heard: Caita say. I wos'd dared what the manst. Both children entered, and in an excited state, talking at the same time. Cella was the opposite to George in every particular. The boy big and muscular as a youth would be at the age of sixteen, and he was only fourteen. Cella was quiet, diminutive, with large, appealing eyes, not pretty, but with a wonderful personality. The boy turned his belligerent eyes toward me, as much as to say, "You are 'no-nation', too, what you got to say?" The grandmother, eyed him with suspicion, saying, "I want the truth and nothin' but the truth." He very likely undarstood the gleam of the old lady's eyes. He began: "It's like this. Cella. I noticed, called me a Catholic, so I know you say Grandpap's a sho' nough Baptist, and, furthermore, Jake Williams says, 'all yellow folks are no-nations'." "Well, young man, you have a fine teacher, Jake Williams, another imp of satin, whose pedigree is doin' the chores in the reform school for four years. Now, Cella, let's hear your part of the story." "Well, Grandma," began Cella, "George has called me 'no-nation' so often that I felt that I did not have a friend on earth. He got all the boys at school jeering at me. So, one day, Susie Mitchell says, 'Cella, don't you mind those mean, bad boys.' So she told me to call him Catholic, which I lated to do 'cause he's my cousin. She told me that he had beads on his head instead of hair." "Well, Miss Jones, what do you know about that—some young blood, eh?" Mrs. Lewis had a way of repeating things she heard her white employers say. "Well, young man, you were named after the first President of the United States, but your mother wasted time, as far as I can see, because you is going the same way that Jim, your daddy, went shortly after he begin working on the road as porter, which, I told your mother, don't tolerate, and the last he was heard from he had gone the no-nation way, with his heads. "Miss Jones, honey, 'cuse me, I 'spose yo' is nigh starved. Emmy Lou ain't comin' home tonight. She got to stay with the children while their mother and father go to the opery. You, George Washington, go down to Mrs. Snitz and get a quart of buttermilk, and you, Celti, set the table. I tell you, Miss Jones, it makes my eyes water to think of that boy. If he goes the 'no-nation' way, I hopes he gets a spunky one. But I can't help laughing about those beads." A MESSAGE OF THANKS By R. L. POSTON; Secretary General We wish to take this method of thanking the many individual officers and members throughout the world for the various telegrams of good cheer and the contributions which have been received at headquarters since the beginning of the President General's trial on last Friday, May 18. It is indeed encouraging to know that you are so heartily with us in the struggle we are making to redeem our Motherland, Africa. You may rest assured that no harm will come of the Universal Negro Improvement Association so long as you continue to manifest the spirit which you are now manifesting. We never knew until now how devoted the many million Negroes are to the cause of redemption. The next few years will either mark the complete liberation of the four hundred million Negroes of the world or the first step toward their annihilation. If we would live, we must strike the blow for our freedom, otherwise, like the American Indians, we will be numbered among the "Have Beens." Greater surplus have been made for our liberation throughout the world in the last five years than in any previous fifty years of history. The present fight is to preserve what has been done and to make it possible for greater achievements in the future. It is very pleasing to us to know that the membership throughout the world is conscious of this fact and is supporting the movement accordingly. Not even the Gandhi movement in India is attracting the attention that the Universal Negro Improvement Association is attracting at present. We only hope that the spirit which the members are now manifesting will be continued throughout until the victory is ours. We must not be spasmody in our efforts. Our interest must be sustained. Have no fears about the Universal Negro Improvement Association. This movement is established in the hearts of the people and the gates of Hell will not prevail against it. Marcus Garvey has started the bail rolling. Keep it up, and your children will live to be powers to be reckoned with in the affairs of the world! THE CHOIR PROGRESSES IN BANES, ORIENTE, GUBA THE CHOIR PROGRESSES IN BANES, ORIENTE, GUBA Editor The Negro World: It has been quite a good while now since the general public heard how we are progressing in our choir. I am very glad to state that if our choir keeps under this same management we will beat the whole island of Cuba, as it is known as the best in the Province of Ortejo de Cuba. You must excuse me for my feelings toward my division, which is known as the model division of Cuba. We are shooting big bunches over here. Our people are very tertile and rich about the movement. Thank God for that! We, the members of the choir, are praying to God to give our leader (the honorable Marcus Garvey, the Négro Moses long life, so that he can carry out his wide propaganda of awakening, uplifting and inspiring, hoping that in a short time Africa shall be free. The time is coming when we shall call Afrika our home once more, when those greedy intruders shall deliver what is ours. We hope that de- From April 26 last to May 32 I have been conned in a private ward in the Manhattan Eye, Ear, and Throat Hospital at 216 East 64th street, where I have been undergoing treatment at the hands of medical experts for a combination of ailments, including high blood pressure, diabetes and double sight in my left optic, which latter the doctors "discovered at the first diagnosis to determine, the course of treatment to be followed with a view to properly adjusting my eyes in order to bring my sight back to normal. When I entered here it was with the feeling that the treatment was going to be very simple and that in a week or ten days at most, the experts would have completed the job and discharged me so that I might be able to return to the bosom of my family and my work, but—ah, that but. When these learned and skillful disciples of Esculplus and Hippocrates, about ten of them all together, each one a master workman in the diseases of the eye, ear, throat and mouth finished their several examinations and held cryptic conferences among themselves and sometimes in my hearing, I gathered the information that I was in for a long siege and likewise that my feelings were going to be hurt by some of them at a very early period of my sojourn here, and so I began to resign myself to the fate awaiting me and to cultivate the virtues of piety of which nature gave me a large share. I found the doctors here a most gentlemanly, sympathetic painstaking group of men, kindhearted, friendly, helpful, and the nurses ably seconding all their efforts in their work of mercy, and I found among the patients in the various wards a spirit of democracy, beautiful to see among men of various races whom God's finger has touched and reduced them to the level of equality through pain and suffering and the possible fear of absolute helplessness. I recalled the wished of Bobble Burns as I watched with my good eye white men wholly or partially blind and black men leading each other to the dining hall at the meal hours, and elsewhere and all as chummy and cheerful and jolly as if they were all of the same ethnic stock. Jew, Gentile, Italian, Celt and Negro here mingle together in social alliance and apparently forget the difference of race. Men become more philosophical when their physical strength and powers begin to wane, when they begin to lose the use of the organs of their bodies they seem to realize what Solomon meant in the 12th chapter of Ecclesiastes describing an old man, and that after all, six feet of earth makes us all of one size. I never listen to the great swelling words, nor watch the antics of a braggart and a boaster that I am not reminded of the words of Shakespeare who somewhere says— "The Lion reposing in his strength and knowing what he can command makes us display of his power. But man, vain man, when clothed in a little brief authority cuts such fantastic tricks before high heaven that he makes the Angels weep." How infinitesimal an object is man! How impotent is he even in his own strength' Well, whatever the motives which actuate these sick and afflicted men to heed the divine admonition to hear ye one another's burdens is not for me to question. I only know that we are going through the motions of making ourselves reciprocally helpful and useful each to the other, and this teaches me that justice in the last analysis is ultimately to find full expression through the suffering and affliction of those who work injustice and iniquity. A fellow feeling makes us wondrous kind. In the early 50s when the great cholera scare raged in Pittsburgh, Pa. and most of the physicians and trained nurses left the city because of the frightful mortality with which they felt they were not able to cope, Dr. Martin R. DeLaney organized a corps of Negro nurses and worked among them with such white citizens of the city as had sufficient civic pride to combat, and, if possible, overcome this dread disease. They succeeded admirably, with the result that the whites of Pittsburgh formed a higher opinion of the humanity of the Negro as a man, and a brother than they would have had if liverance will come without any fighting, but if there be any fighting we will stand to fight for victory for a free and redeemed Africa, although so far the emphasis is just beating in our ears the motive and aim of the U. N. I.'A. To the high officers of the U. N. I. A. we, the members of the Banes Choir, extend to you all long life and prosperity in your fighting, hoping you will not tell your soldiers to fire, but to receive that which was ours from the foundation of the world. To our great Negro Moses we must again say we are back of you, air, and all the others in authority, and if there is any failure in the front we are here to all the place. We, the members of the Banes Division Choir, know the time is short, so we are making up our program to sing and give God the praise that He has sent a Moses to deliver us out of bondage and put us where we can inbale the sweet breeze of our motherland, Africa. When we turn our eyes to the hills of Africa we see the flag, the Red, the Black and the Green, floating in the air. The we shall say Marous, O Mareous, your name shall ever be called; through you we are free. Hoping that in the near future we shall hear the voice calling us away to join the African hand, and praising God for our deliverance, Africa redeemed. Negroes are free, I beg to remain, yours fraternally. A. A. BARROWS. Pem. Organist. Banes, Oriente, Cuba. April 23, 1923. they, too, had run away when danger threatened. The Mayor of the city and Common Council were loud in praise of Dr. DeLaney, the Negro physician, and his faithful nurse who had stood by him and the city of Pittsburgh so loyalty until the cholera was conquered and an appropriate commendation was made by the city of their action in the form of a resolution by the Board of Aldermen, thanking them. The Negro is a bater, of injustice, and he never sees a wrong inflicted that he does not want to avenge it; never sees suffering that he does not want to relieve it. His humanity is large, and during the Civil War the Yankee soldier found in the black man and woman of the cabins of the South as faithful and loyal friends in the hour of sickness as God ever gave to the stranger in their midst. After my sojourn here of three days, during which period I was fed on the delicacies of the season and began to feel like a Morgan or a Rockefeller, the order came from the attending physician to give me a slight咕 gastronomically, and the nurse, a charming lady with a voice like peaches and cream, broke the news at the midday meal, which was quite sumptuous. She is English, and said softly: "Mr. Brewee, youre to have nothing more to eat until Monday morning." It was then Friday, 12 a.m. I said "Ma'am" and she repeated the awful words which separated me from broiled lamb chops, asapagus, string beans, lettuce salad, soft boiled eggs, baked apple, etc. I affected an ail of "dontcaretiveness" at thought of a diet of aerated air, and tightened the belt on my hospital outfit to hold in reserve as long as possible what little food I had already partaken and prepared for the two and a half days' fast. I bore up under it wonderfully well, fooling my stomach during Saturday and Sunday by filling it with Croton water and tightening the belt a little more. Finally, Monday morning arrived and I was there with it, and that all gone feeling as well. I was sure of a hearty breakfast and I went through the motions of a late breakfast, tasting this and that, pushing this dish and that dish aside and finally concentrating on the three-egg omelet and the broiled lamb chop, when in name the nurse with a tray on which was a cup of very black coffee sans sugar, a slice of gluten bread and one of the sweetest smiles that ever decorated a nurse's face, and she said softly: Mr. Bruce, my good man, here is your breakfast. I won't attempt any remarks here further than to say that after all I had done for this hospital in the interests of medical science I thought this was the thinnest breakfast any man ever sat down to. I finally mustered the courage to store it under my garments, as on the day following I underwent an operation for the removal of my tonisla, and this was the last solid food I took for seven days thereafter. I was put on a milk diet after the operation and milk was as hard to swallow as the northeast corner of a vitrified brick. So I organized, philosophized, gronked in the spirit and slept all I could until the order came to resume my high toned manner of living. The morning after the forrest of the seven-day fast I had for breakfast soft boiled eggs, milk coffee and a chop. But I milk have had nothing whatever, for I could not chew nor swallow even water, so I sat and looked at it desperately and wondered to myself why are so boastful, haughty and imperious when such a little thing is the removal of a pair of tonisla can render them so impotent, so helpless and so humble. I have given a dollar to have been able to take a drink, of water. Plenty of it here and costing nothing. But, it was to me, as I imagine, the "hell broth" that was concocted by the witches and described in Macbeth. The touch of water, hot or cold, set me wild. So I compromised on all eating and drinking by sleeping until I could at least take a little food and drink and gradually to increase the quantities daily. Now the danger is past and I am taking the insulin treatments for diabetes, and I think when good Dr. Houghton finishes with me I shall be able to dance the Highland Fling and several other fancy dances. I have only words of highest commendation for this hospital. Its medical staff, nurses and attendants have been uniformly kind and courteous to me. I never was thrown among a more congenial nor agreeable group of people anywhere. There is absolutely no race discrimination shown here so far as I was able to discover. The Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital is an institution worthy of the imperial city of New York, and its medical staff is composed of some of the ablest physicians in this country. I have just finished reading "The Philosophy and Opinions of Marcus Garvey," from the pen of his talented wife, Mrs. Amy Jacques Garvey, and have been struck by the great amount of matter to be found in so small a company. The book consists of only 102 pages. Mrs. Garvey has shown remarkable discrimination and fine taste in the selection of topics for this little brochure, and she has presented them in a readable and attractive form which is sure to please and satisfy the friends and admirers of her versatile husband. She has wrought well in bringing out this book and has contributed to the greatness and popularity of the man so few understand by showing what he thinks, what he knows, and what he believes concerning the great problems which wait on deathy for their final solution. Mrs. Garvey is a pleasing writer, and she is one of the few women of the race who is a real helpmate to a busy, and serious-minded husband, who is doing a good work for black humanity oppressed. The book should find a ready sale among members of the U. N. I. A. I hope to advert to this subject at another time. Marcus Garvey and Principles of the U. N. I. A. Are Now on Trial York. They were hort of officers and I accepted the position as an Officer to go on the ship to New York. I shipped from Lagos, W. C. A. What class officer?—3rd Officer. A British ship?—Yes. After you arrived in New York did you remain here?—I did not. I went to the Bahamas. For what length of time?—Three months. Arrived in New York when?—Maren 29, 1919. Did you know up to that time you were the only Colored Captain?—I had never met any, not until after you started the Black Star Line. So around 1919 when you arrived in America you were under the imp ression that you were the only Colored Captain?—I said I had never met any. During your cruise in the West Indies in your youth, you came in con- tact with the people of those islands? —Yes. And you observed their trades?—Yes. Their industries?—Yes. You had a very good knowledge of their industries and trades?—Yes. Mr. Kilroe Again. Do you know Mr. Edward P. Kilroe? —I have never met him. Do you know what his office is?—(Objection by Mr. Mattacks on the ground that it is immaterial whether the witness knows that or not.?) Judge: What difference does it make what his knowledge is? Mr. Garvey: In it unusual for the witness to state whether he knows the profession of another witness in the case? Judge: If his knowledge has anything to do, with this case alright, but I do not see what it has to do with it. Did you know that Mr. Kilroe was Asst. District Attorney?—(Objection by Mattock overruled.) Yes. How did you know?—I read it in the papers. Have you ever conversed with Mr. Kilroe about Mr. Garvey or about anybody else?—(Objection by Mattucks sustained.) What was the first time you met Mr. Garvey?—The latter part of July, 1919. Explain in what way?—I saw an article in the paper about some trouble you were having with this Kilrose over some ship. Did you visit Mr. Garvey? Yes. Did Mr. Garvey invite your visit? Yes. Mr. Garvey sent for you? I visited Mr. Garvey. Did you know Mr. Garvey before you visited him? No. So a went to Mr. Garvey? Exactly so. What did you say when you met him for the first time? I introduced myself as Captain Cockburn, as having a license of certificate as a master to take a ship to any part of the world. Was Mr. Garvey pleased or annoyed at your statement? Very pleased. Explain the conversation between yourself and Mr. Garvey? I told the court already that when I met you that I was a captain, fit to take ships to any part of the world, and understood that you were getting a ship, and that you would need a black captain and a full crew of black men, and officers I said I would help you. And I offered my services. You did not state that you did not want me. It ended there? No, it did not. You invited me to see you the next day. At that time then was this trouble that Mr. Garvey was supposed to be in caused you to speak t Mr. Garvey? Yes, the difficulties you were in. Did he discuss any of those difficulties with you when you first spoke to Mr. Garvey? It was during the same month. Was it the trouble that you read about that caused you to first go see Mr. Garvey? I told you that you needed a captain. I offered my services. No words passed between you as to what was the nature of the trouble so as to find a way out of it? You said that Kilroe was bothering you about a ship, and you asked me if I had any knowledge of Africa, and what knowledge, if any, did I have a Liberia, as to whether you could float a fleet of battleships in the harbor of Monrovia, and several other questions; then you went to tell me that Kilroe was getting behind you because you wanted to Launch a ship for Africa. Launch a battleship? No, you only asked me if it was possible to float a fleet of ships in the harbor of Monrovia: Now, captain, do you really mean to say that you came to Mr. Garvey, Mr. Garvey saw you for the first time, and that he, without knowing anything about you, started to tell you about Kilros and the trouble he was in. Do you men that? Why, yes, you were very much down then. Do you mean poor? Why, yes, very poor. (Objection by Mattucks that it has nothing to do with the question.) So when you said that you were attracted to Mr. Garvey because of the trouble he was in and you wanted to help him out of it, you were to him for him to tell you that he was in trouble or to inform him that you were in sympathy with his trouble? In what, way did you help Mr. Garvey? Why, in getting as far as you have gotten. Do you really mean what you said awhile ago? Yes. You hid in your mind when you approached Mr. Garvey, just the kind of way in which you could help him? Did you make any active effort to help him? I surely did. Now, Captain, did you state to Mr. Garvey when you approached him first that you were the only Negro in the world? I did not say. Did you say that to anybody else besides Mr. Garvey? Why should I say a thing like that? You have never said a thing like that? I am not mad. I am asking a question. Have you ever said that you were the only Negro Captain in the world between 1819 and the present time? If I did, would it make any difference? Yes, I said it. Why did you wait so long to acknowledge that you said it? Because I do not remember saying that I was the only Negro Captain. Can you remember that you were a Commander in Africa some time in 1900? Yes or no? No. Memory is one of the tests of navigation, isn't it? Yes or no? In the examination to make one a navigator. Is good memory one of the tests? No. Have you ever spoken to anyone about the wealth of Africa? (Objection by Mattucks sustained). Exception Mr. Garvey. Can you remember conversation with Mr. Garvey about the trading possibilities of West Africa? Yes. Relate the conversation! (Objection by Mr. Mattucks). I am asking him if he had such a conversation with Mr. Garvey? Yes. Was that on the first visit to Mr. Garvey? No. Second time? On several occasions. Captain, have you ever come in contact with a man by the name of Hutchinson? Yes. I have met Mr. Hutchinson. A broker? Yes, in New York. Have you ever spoken to Mr. Garvey about the acquisition of ships? Yes. Can you remember the first time you spoke to him about such a thing? Yes, you told me that you wanted to see after a ship. That was all the conversation? Oh, no, you asked me what would be a proper ship for the West Coast trade, and I told you what I thought would be the class of ship for the West African trade. What time did I ask you that? About August, 1919. Have you ever conversed with the directors of the Black Star Line? Yes, you invited me to a directors' meeting once. About what time? Early in August, 1919. Can you relate to the court the conversation you had with the directors of the Black Star Line the first time you met them? (Objection by Mattucks overruled). I had several conversations with you first, and told you about several ships that I had offers for to purchase for your corporation and you invited me to come to your directors' meeting so that I could tell the directors the conversation I had with you, and what I told you. You had several offers you said? Yes. And you offered one of these ships to the Black Star Line? I did. Did they purchase the ship? I told you about the ship and you sent me down to examine it. Mr. V. Johnson of Broad street was the broker. You have got his correspondence. I gave them to you. He offered us a ship and you hesitated. I did not know whether you had the funds to buy it or not, and she was sold. I showed you the place and everything for the ship. You testified a while ago that you met the Directors of the Black Star Line, and then afterwards I asked you about the question of whether you offered a ship, and you said yes, then you started off to say that you told me to do certain things. Now what do you mean by "you"? Do you mean you Marcus Garvey, or the Director of the Black Star Line?—Well, the Black Star Line. Now, Captain, when you came to Mr. Garvey of the Black Star Line in what way did you treat with him?—Very friendly. I mean as an individual or as a representative of some organization or corporation?—Well, nobody knew anybody else but Marcus Garvey. So you did not know of the existence of anything in the world but Marcus Garvey?—Well, I did not know you even had a corporation. I only heard of Marcus Garvey, your name rung up in Harlem, and a particular friend of mine came to New York from the West Indies, and he told me more about you than I knew in New York. You never heard of the Universal Negro Improvement Association?—I did not hear of that until afterwards. What do you mean by afterwards?—After I heard of Marcus Garvey. Did you hear of the Black Star Line before?—After I heard of Marcus Garvey. Did Marcus Garvey have an organization when you met him?—I do not know. On your first visit to Marcus Garvey, did you see any one else?—I did. Was it on the street?—No. Was it in a house?—No. Was it in an office?—Yes. About how many people you saw there, Captain?—I think about four or five. Did Mr. Garvey after your introduction to him introduce you to anybody?—Yes, you introduced me to somebody. Can you name the persons?—Yes, Domingo was one. Were you ever introduced by Marcus Garvey to a large concourse of people?—Yes. Meeting the U. N. I. A. By the name of the Universal Negro Improvement Association?—Yes. What time did you meet Mr. Garvey? About the latter part of July, 1919. Did you speak to any group of people in June of that year introduced by Mr. Garvey?—No. Immediately after, you met Marcus Garvey in July did you appear before a group of people known as the Universal Negro Improvement Association?—You after. About two or three or four days after did you appear before a large THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, JUNE 2, 1983 group of people known as the Universal Negro Improvement Association?—Some time after. About what time, Captain?—Some time after. About a month after?—I do not remember. You can remember, though, that you did appear before such a group?—Yes. Did you hear of that group of people before you, spoke before them?—Not until after I heard of Marcus Garvey. Yes or no, did you hear of that group of people by the name of the Universal Negro Improvement Association before you met Marcus Garvey?—No. Did you speak to these people at the meetings where they were assembled?—Yes. Can you recall some of the statements you made before them?—I spoke of the possibilities of a steamship cone being manned and controlled by Negroes. Did you elaborate on that? I was a speaker. I spoke as I felt. I told them it was a great movement for a ship controlled and manned by Negroes to take them to their homes in different parts of the world, because especially at that time it was just immediately after the war and transportation was very bad, and you would have to be very friendly with the agent before he would sell you a ticket, so I knew from my experience that it would be a great thing to run ships to different parts of the world catering not exclusively to Negroes to have the ships manned entirely by Negro officers and help, and I spoke to them in this way. Captain and Speechmaker Did I tell you to make the speech you made, the first time you spoke to those people? No. So whatever you said you did of your own free will? Yes. Did you know then that there was an organization by the name of the Universal Negro Improvement Association? Yes. Did you know then that the organization was making an effort to launch a steamship line by the name of the Black Star Line? (Objection by Maturcks on the ground that, the association had nothing to do with the Black Star Line. The U. N. I. A. is not a managing corporation, and therefore could have nothing to do with the B. S. L. Objection overruled.) Judge: You may answer that. No. I did not. At the meeting did you say anything about the Black Star Line? Yes. I spoke of the Black Star Line. Can you speak of a thing that you know nothing of? At the time I made the speech, the Black Star Line was in existence to me. Was there an effort to organize a corporation by the name of the Black Star Line? It was already incorporated. When you spoke there the first time? Yes, I am positive. About how many times did you speak before these people of the Universal Negro Improvement Association in New York or the people of the Black Star Line? I can not tell you. At that time were you acquainted with any of the officers of the Uni- FORWARD DO WANT TO FORGE AHEAD? Is your business undertaking bringing you net returns? Or would you like to increase your output? YOU in New York City—Isn't there someone in the next block from you, or in the city that you would like to do business with through a sale or purchase? YOU in any State in America—Isn't there someone in another State you would like to interest in the goods you are selling? YOU in America—Isn't there someone in the West Indies, Europe or Africa you would like to sell your articles to? YOU in foreign lands—Isn't there someone in America you would like to sell something to? BUSINESS MEN and WOMEN- If any of these questions interest you, write to the advertising department of NEGRO WORLD PLEASE NOTE—The Negro World is an international as well as a national paper. All inquiries will be answered immediately. Captain, would you deny that you would for a meeting of the Universal Negro Improvement Association within two days after your first meeting with Mr. Garvey? I do not remember. This man Hutchinson, the broker, that you introduced to Mr. Garvey, were you both in partnership? No. You met him the same time I met him for the first time. You knew there was a Universal that, you, in Negro Improvement Association, were you, in Black Star Line at the time when you met him were talking with Mr. Marvey? Not the first conversation, not the second, either. I told you, when I approached ship to the you, I knew of Marcus Garvey alone. had no ship Were you two engaged in selling a ship to the Black Star Line? No. I had no ship broker's license. Well, tell us what you know about the S. S. Yarmouth. Your first vice-president introduced me to Mr. Estrado. I immediately introduced Mr. Estrado to Mr. Garvey as Mr. Certain introduced Mr. Estrado to me. What was Mr. Estrado? The man who had a ship for sale. What kind of a man? Colored man These pictures are of R. L. T., whose full name and address we shall be glad to supply to those interested. 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Zura Kinkout Absolutely Guaranteed THE WORK OF THE NORTH HARLEM COMMUNITY FORUM The North Harlem Community Forum, which holds meetings every Thursday evening at the Library Lecture Room, 103 West 185th street, at 8:30 p.m., has made the present season one of substantial success in its presentation of lectures on subjects, both of timely and vital interest, as well as of permanent educational impact. The members and friends of the forum have been especially divulged in having these subjects discussed by speakers who are aptly qualified to deal with them in a scholarly and thorough fashion. In these respects the lectures have been helpful towards clear and broad thinking, as well as the increase of essential information on the questions of the day. Among the later speakers were Prof. J. K. Agrawy and the Rev. John Haynes Holmes. Prof. Agrawy's address, entitled "Who Were the Ethiopians?" was delivered before one of the largest and most enthusiastic audiences that ever assembled in the Library Lecture Room, under the auspices of the North Harlem Community Forum. In his discourse, Prof. Agrawy took occasion to reply to Prof. Relaner of Harvard, who contends that Negroes have no ethnic affinities to the ancient Ethiopians. Affirmatively, Prof. Agrawy, discourses very ably and learnedly on the subject of anthropology with special references to its ethnological phase, in his endeavor to show that the ancient Ethiopians, Egyptians, and Negroes, are of the same racial stock. He supported his statements by frequent quotations from acknowledged authorities on the subject. In further amplification of his contention, Prof. Agrawy pointed out the sameness of certain social and religious features and customs common to all these people in the past and which still survive among the Africans of the present day. Philological evidences were also brought to bear. Towards the conclusion of his talk, Prof. Agrawy spoke on the African of today, his achievements in general, his needs, his outlook on the hope and future of Africa. On Thursday last Rev. John Haynes Holmes spoke on "A Program for the Abolition of War." In his usual eloquent and masterly fashion Dr. Holmes outlined the causes of war, which he grouped into two main divisions, psychological and sociological. Under the sociological head he included what is especially termed the economic cause MORRIS SPECIAL OFFER GOLUMBIA G-2 1923 Model BEEN REDUCED—$25 $5 DOWN Easy Payments Lenox Avenue, corner. 143d Street NEW YORK Records Spatial Release No. 80062—ARGOS PAPER No. 80060—DON'T BITE ME PARAMOUNT Dear Lord, Remember Me; by Clark SPECIAL German Portable Phonograph, $14.50, guaranteed JOHN H. BISHOP I. E. GUINN of war. He then made a general historical survey of the different factors which gave rise to war during the past and compared them with those now operative. He also pointed out the fact that each has been eliminated in the course of mental and moral progress. Dr. Helmes based the hope of his program subjectively on the invitable moral development of mankind, and objectively mainly on Senator Borah's fight for the acceptance of a world court by all the nations to outlaw war and the makers of war. He is very hopeful of the view that a world court will in the not very distant future be accepted and supported by all the nations and will be backed by universal popular sentiment. On Thursday, May 31, Mr. Dow Covington, F. R. O. B., will speak on the subject, "The Burial Customs and Royal Mummies of Ancient Egypt," illustrated by stereoicon pictures. Mr. Covington has spoken twice this season before the Forum and has drawn capacity crowds at each meeting. He tells us that the dead Egyptian is more interesting even than the living, and it is therefore hoped that the Negroes of Harlem will not miss this last opportunity of the season to hear the distinguished Egyptologist. On the following Thursday, June 7, Madame Sushila Cevil, a native of India and educated in England, and who speaks excellent English, will address the Forum in her native costume on "The Social and Political Outlook for the People of India." The final meeting of the season will take place on June 14. General reports will be read by the officers of the Forum. The evening will then be concluded in a social manner with refreshments and dancing. It is the intention and hope of the officers of the Forum to further its work and the scope of its influence to a greater extent and in a much more effective manner than in the past, and to this end they invite the co-operation of every individual and organization in this community. The meetings begin at 8:30 promptly and it is specially requested that those who attend arrive on time. MOTHERS' DAY CELEBRATED BY HART-FORD, CONN., DIVISION Mothers' Day, Sunday, May 13, was celebrated in an interesting manner by the Hartford Division. The meeting was opened in the usual way, with a Mayer by Chaplain Rev. B. Washington, followed by reading of the objects and aims and a few Additional remarks by our president, Geo. Wilson, in which he outlined the project in his usual enthusiastic and inspiring style. It may be remarked here that we all quite appreciate the candor of a good leader and have profited by it. The program was as follows: 1. Reading of Hon. Marvin Garvey's message, Secretary C. Hickson. 2. "Mother's Prayer," solo, by Miss S. Walker. 3. "Memories of Mother," remarks by Vice-President John Strickland. 4. "The Cause," reading by Mrs. E. Benefield. 6. "Mother," solo, by Miss G. Nash. 7. Remarks by President G. Wilson. 8. Short talk by Mrs. Stevens. "A Mother's Influence," remarks by Lady President L. B. Dowden. Lady President L. B. Dowden. 3. "Rock Me to Sleep, Mother," solo by M. Dowden. 10. Remarks by Wm. S. Wood. 11. Collection and closing hymn. Miss Frances Wilson assisted at the piano. MARTHA DOWDEN, R. N. Reporter. NEW YORK URBAN LEAGUE NOTES The Earle Club, with Messrs. Frederick D. Clarke, president; Herbert Ragdale, secretary; Cyril K. Marshall, treasurer, is giving a charity dance at the Renaissance Casino Wednesday evening, May 23, for the benefit of the Convincecnt Fund of the New York Urban League. The committee also includes Messrs. H. G. Parris, Timothy J. Brown, Edw. S. Hill, R. N. Jackson, Verney A. Trim and Walter D. Clarke. A mammoth rummage sale under the auspices of the Welcome Stranger Committee of which Mrs. Millicent McDonald is chairman, will be held at the new offices of the Urban League, 132 West 138th street, June 4-7. Mrs. Augistia M. B. Corbin and Mrs. E. N. Parks and chairman and treasurer, respectively, of the Rummage Sale Committee. Persons wishing to make contributions of household articles are invited to call Audubon 9156. Arrangement is being made to send away several hundred boys to the Tribune Fresh Air Camp during the summer months. James H. Hubert, A. J. Allison and Miss Amelia Wilcher are attending the National Conference of Social Work, held this week in Washington, D. C. At the last meeting of the Girl's Inter-High School Club Mr. Arthur C. Holden, chairman, and James H. Hubert, executive secretary, made brief addresses. The club is contemplating a continuation social services program. The Convalescent Home at North Pelham, under the supervision of Mrs. Katie Sweetwine, has opened for its summer program. Patients should apply at the Urban League office. THE NEGRO WORLD, SATURDAY, JUNE 2, 1983 WEEKLY SERMON By G. EMONEI CARTER Subject: "Paying the Price" in Den of Lions. Text, Dan. vl, 24: "And the king commanded, and they brought those men which had accused Daniel, and they cast them into the den of lions, them their children, and their wives; and the lions had the mastigery of them, and brake all their bones in pieces or ever they came at the bottom of the den." Every item of this tragedy is proceeding today. "Strange adventures applicable yet," this Holy Book is "stuffed with." Herein is the incomparableness of the Bible. Let me endeavor to show that under old terms and in antique historic garb certain moral realities of the present time are described in this grim narrative. There is nothing ancient to the point of offeness in this awful scene. Can we not in some degree demonstrate that assertion? I. We see in my text. "Vivid Contrast of Character." The figures of the drama are "these men that had accused Daniel," and Daniel himself. Could you have a more stalking moral apotheosis than that? What opposites—Daniel and his accusers! They were at the poles either of the other. Certainly at this initial point my position is justified that this is going on today. The world is full of contrasts of character. In every realm of life contrasts abound. Contrasts of material, of color, of sound, of genius. The universe is a great unity of diversities. But how specially true this is of the world of character? What startling contrasts of character we see around us! Daniel and "these men which had accused Daniel" are still about us. The types are preserved. Does it not till our faces with shame to realize the opposite characters we are bound to confront in daily life? We meet Daniel and his accusers in the streets, on the exchange, in the shop, in the office, in the home, even in the church. Oh, these moral varietals. Strange they should still continue after all these years of gospel! When will the accusers cease and every man become a valorous and serene Daniel? Examine these contrasted characters and see if the types are not verily us today. What does Daniel stand for? High consciousness, religious determination, prayerfulness, self-denial, moral courage, unfinishing fidelity to God, And Daniel is a grand instance of intellectual genius blended with sterling piety. "There are Daniels now; some in cottages and some in palatial abodes; some in repossessed villages and others in tumultuous cities. Thank God, the tribe of Daniel is not extinct!" There are youthful Daniels who have nobly purposed in their hearts that they will not defile themselves with the portion of the king's meat, nor with the wine that he drinks. God bless the young Daniels and keep them true. There are aged Daniels who, even when they know that the writing is signed, go into their house and kneel down upon their knees and pray as they did aforetime. God sustain the Daniels who are stricken in years and help them to hold on faithfully though sorcely tried. Oh, that amid the striking contrasts of character in modern society we may all desiderate the Daniel-soul. What do "these men that had accused Daniel" stand for? What is their type? Bad, utterly bad. They were corrupt in every fiber of their being. 1. Yet they were exalted in positions. They were "presidents and princes"—satraps. Not all the hindred and twenty mentioned in the prophecy, nor necessarily Daniel's two co-chief presidents; perhaps only a small section of the satrapes were his envisioned foes. Yet the necromancers were men of official rank and social prestige. Certainly in this regard my text is modern. Often are bad men high in place. We have royal gamblers and sinners well schooled in sin who are promiscuous in political and social life. In the psalmist's day "the vilest men" were "exalted." In Daniel's time "presidents" and "princes" wrought evil, Alas! Still history repeats itself. These vildoers were inspired by envy. They were Daniel's interiors. Intellectually mean beside him; they presented his elevation over them. What a demon is envy! It separates children of one family. It breathes its pesteriferous breath upon the church. In every sphere of life it works maliciously. For envy the Christ was stain, and envy slays the choicest elements of life today. Oh, strangle that serpent in its birth. 3. These accusers were cruel. Daniel was an old man when they raised the miserable charge against him. He must have been eighty years old. But they had no respect or pity for age and these miserable men could see an old and blameless man cast into a den of lions. Where was their humanity not to mention religion? The very term here translated "accused," the scholars tell us, mirrors their hideous cruelty. It is a frequent Syriac and Arabic idiom. It is intended, according to the Arabs, to slightly such persistent malice and craft that (figuratively speaking) a man's enemies hunt him down, take him, cut him in pieces and eat his flesh (Speaker's Commentary). What awful cruelty the word suggests. Sin makes, men cruel, some sins, especially: What cruelty strong drink works? But envy and jealousy are cruelt as the grave. BeWARE of the spirit of cruelty. If a man is playing a cruel part toward some aged Daniel, some woman or little child, I warn him he will reach the retribution den of lions. 4. These men were utterly meanled. Read verse eleven: These If You Want to Be LUCKY, HAPPY AND WELL TELL YOUR SECRETS TO THE RIGHT MAN Happy in Friendship, Business, Etc. SPELLS OF ALL KINDS RELEASED AND BROKEN Medical Preparations for Conjured Palms and Sufferings. LOVE APPLES IN ALL FORMS High John the Conqueror, Adam and Eve. All kinds of highly appreciated roots and berries. Cul, or if out of town, write. CASH OR CREDIT I Will Credit You It Matters Not Where You Live D. ALEXANDER 99 Dumping Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. men assembled and found Daniel praying and making supplication before his God." They spied on his private devotions! What contemptible meaness! Oh, these cavedrooper! Young people, beware of incipient mean-spiritedness. Keep your garments clean. Sin makes men small. 6. These men were self-skeakers. Now you touch the root and core of their nefarious conduct. Self was their detestable God. Self filled their horiz. Their own promotion, honor, comfort was their one thought, their solitary and petty ideal. All sin is apt to be selfishness and all selfishness is sin. Oh, do not be an egotist. A self-centered man is out of center. He is the noble man and she the noble woman who dies to self in order to live for others. Christ pleased not Himself. If any reader has any trace of the character of "those men which had accused Daniel," let such one seek an immediate and vital transgression. Let "Create in me a clean heart, O God, and renew a right spirit within me," be the penitent and prevalent prayer of such a heart. Which type of character we represent—Daniel or his accusers? If we are at least seeking to serve the God of Daniel we are blessed, though perhaps this very hour in painful circumstances. God forbid we should be like "those men, who had accused Daniel." Is there anything of their animus against the good, the spiritual, the devotional, in you? Then face the situation seriously and immediately. For all such transgressors the tawny lions roar in their dismal slams. (To be continued next week) HAMPTON, Va., May 17—The Hampton Institute's annual inter-class track and field meet, held on Armstrong Field, brought out over 100 entrants in the fifteen events. The meet was held by the class of 1925. The classes in order of points follows: 1923, 66, 124; 30, 1926, 19; 1925, 15; work year, 5. Charles V. Brown, Hedgesville, W. Va., class of 1923, was the highest individual point winner, with 12 points to his credit. Ralph Graham, 1923, of Phoebe, Va., and E. P. Woodson, 1923, of North Long Branch, N. J., tied for second place with 10 points. The summary: 100-Yard Dash—Won by C. V. Brown; R. P. Jones, second; W. C. Evan, third. Time, 10.2-5 seconds. 220-Yard Dash—Won by W. C. Brown; J. T. Langston, second; C. V. Brown, third. Time, 23 seconds. 440-Yard Run—Won by J. T. Langston; R. P. Jones, second; W. W. Cardozo, third. Time, 51.1-5 seconds. 850-Yard Run—Won by K. T. Anderson; C. L. Marshall, second; W. H. Townsend, third. Time, 2 minutes, 9 seconds. 120-Yard High Hurdles—Won by E. P. Woodson; W. W. Cardozo, second; C. O. Smith, third. Time, 18 seconds. 220-Yard Low Hurdles—Won by W. M. King; C. V. Brown, second; J. H. Jones, third. Time, 29 2-5 seconds. One-Mile Run—Won by R. Graham; R. A. Coles, second; T. M. Bordrant, third. Time, 4 minutes 43 3-5 seconds. Two-Mile Run—Won by R. Graham; R. A. Coles, second; J. L. Gale, third. Time, 11 minutes, 22 3-5 seconds. Shot Put—Won by E. L. Dabney; H. A. Carrigh, second; E. Hargrove, third. Distance, 34 feet, 6 inches. Discus Throw—Won by D. L. Gunn; E. L. Dabney, second; H. A. Corrush, third. Distance, 97 feet, 6 inches. Javelin Throw—Won by E. Hargrove; D. L. Gunn, second; C. O. Smith, third. Distance, 146 feet, 8 inches. Running Broad Jump—Won by J. A. Booker; C. V. Brown, second; W. C. Erwin, third. Distance, 19 feet, 8½ inches. Running High Jump—Won by E. D. Woodson; B. Härgrove, second; J. H. Blow, third. Height, 5 feet, 7 inches. Polo Vault—Won by E. A. Baker; B. D. Burrell, second; G. B. D. Stephens, third. Height, 8 feet, 10 inches. One-Mill Relay—Won by class of 1923; 1924, second; 1925, third. Time, 3 minutes, 39 seconds. LAW SCHOOL, HART FARM SCHOOL Torts are termed private wrongs, wrongs against individuals. Crimes are wrongs against the state, against the sovereignty; public wrongs; crimes are offences against the community, against the sovereignty. The definition is given by this author which you will have to give from time to time. A crime is an act committed or omitted in violation of a public law forbidding or commanding it on the grounds of public policy, and under pain of a punishment to be inflicted by the state in a proceeding in its own name. What is public policy? Public policy is that view which each community takes of the laws which small regulate it. Anplenty, governments consisted of cities. The Government of Rome was the government of the Imperial City of Rome, situated on the seven hills. The Government of Greece was for a long time the Government of Athens. Ancently, the cities were the unit of government. The apocrites knew nothing about our conception of a system which is now made up of a settled, extended area of land called counties, townships, parishes and districts. So the words "public policy"—the view which the public takes—Some communities take the view that there should be no intermarriage between the races, the different races. Massachusetts has a law that the white people of Massachusetts should not intermarry with the Indians. It is a very old law. And Maine has a law that the people of Maine, of Anglo-Saxon, Puritan descent, should not marry Indians. That law has never been repealed, but it has become obsolete because the public policy has changed. It has a different view now from what it had then. In Utah for a long time the public policy is that a man could have as many wives as he could support, and Brigham young had to support. So that the public policy of South Carolina as there shall be no intermarriage between the white race and the Negro persons of Negro descent. That is the public policy of that community, which is entirely different from the law of the State of New York. The public policy there is that anybody can marry anybody; that anybody wants to get married to. The prohibition amendment is the illustration of an impossible thing. It is an illustration that an impossible thing can be done. It is an illustration of a law reforming the people. The law of a small minority, a great moral, economic, righteous law has been forced on the people of the United States, and that law is going to take care of them. Public policy means the view that the whole community takes of certain things, and makes a law prohibiting them or enjoining them. Crime, then, may be defined as the commission or omission of an act which the law forbids if it is a commission or commands (if it be an omission) on the ground of public policy, and under pain of punishment to be inflicted by the State in a proceeding in its own name. Unless an act has all these indictments that it is an act or omission prohibited or commanded, on the ground of public policy, and under pain of punishment to be inflicted by the State in a proceeding in its own name is not a crime. Life, liberty and the security of the limbs are what are called the malleable rights. It is said that among the colored people there are ten times as many homelies to the thousand as there are among the white people in any community. In Chicago, in New York, in Boston—just think, that in that beautiful, sweet candle of liberty—in Savannah, in Galveston, in California—wherever they are grouped together there are ten times as many homelies as among other races of people, and there are over twenty times as many homelies in the United States as there are in any country in the world, civilized or uncivilized. All the relationships which human beings sustain to each other are moral. All law is moral, and it is divided into two classes. One is called compulsory morals, which is the law. A public wrong may also be a private wrong, and after the government gets through you can bring a private action—if he is worth the money. Crimes are said to be mala in se and mala prohibita. Crimes mala, in se are crimes which are immoral in themselves—stealing, and general disorderly bearing so as to become a holisterous disturber of the peace. Forgery, fornication, adultery and propositions made to people to commit those offenses are mala in je. Tresson is mala in se. Now there are practices which, for the benefit of the community, must become a general rule of action—that is, you must pay your water rent, pay your gas bill, drive your automobile on the right side of the street, etc.; people who sell milk, shall sell pure milk and not watered milk. Things—which are evil in themselves—main in se; things which are unlawful, because the law prohibits them—morally they are of no complexion—mala prohibits. Wher the law prohibits a thing that makes it immoral to do it. [Copyright by Prof. William H. H. Hart, A. M. and L.L. M. principal of the Hart Republic for Dependent, Children, 218, Arthur Place, N. W., Washington, D. C.] FOODS: BOILED DOWN By DR. B. S. HERBEN of the New York Tuberculosis Association Here is the matter of foods boiled down and put in a "kottle." You eat food so that you can get out of it material for building up new tissues in the body, and in replacing certain substances you have need and to get energy, to enable you to move. Children, of course, do more building than grown ups because they are growing and their bones must be made longer, their muscles must be made larger, more blood is necessary, etc. They are forever moving, wiggling, running, so they need a great deal of energy. Food gives this energy. Foods are divided into classes. Fat foods are those which have much fat in them and produce fat for the body. They are: Butter, cream, whole milk, fat meals, nuts, etc. Sturgeon foods like potatoes, bread and other things made with flour, cereals, etc., change to sugar in the body and you all know that sugar and sweet high foods not only supply a great deal of energy but also make people fat. Milk contains a certain amount of sugar. Meats: fish, eggs, milk and cheese are some of the "protein" foods; that is, they are the ones that do so much toward making muscle, etc. The im- 100 GUARANTEED. If you are not satisfied, we will wonderful combination sells regularly at $3.35. Further collection, no other charges. Wage This offer only for a short time, no get but Band Money Order-or $2.00 in registered lett- tle. Panels Post (without any extra cost) with A RANDELL & CO., WORLD BLD. AGENTS WANTED. Depth A CRACKERJACK AND LIBERAL RAG TIME AT THE HISTORIC IN- 120 West 130 WEDNESDAY NIGHT AT 8:30 SHARP (DE HON. MARCU Provisional President of Africa Famous Sp Great Speakers' Who Have Con- the Trial of the Greatest N Deliver Ac Gauranteed. If you are not satisfied, we will refund your money without question. This is not a guarantee. We Pay ALL YOUR PAYMENTS at all. no further collection, no other charges. We Pay ALL YOUR PAYMENTS at all. This offer is only for a short time, so get busy. Money back if not absolutely satisfied. Please send your letter and you will receive by return Insured Parcel Post (without any cost) the following information: A. RANDELL & CO. WORLD'BLDG. 63 PARK ROW, NEW YORK AGENTS WANTED: Dept. 1. AGENTS WANTED: THE HISTORIC LIBERTY HALL 120 West 138th Street WEDNESDAY NIGHT, MAY 30, 1923 AT 8:30 SHARP (DECORATION DAY) Provisional President of Africa Will Deliver One of His Famous Speeches Great Speakers Who Have Come to New York to Attend the Trial of the Greatest Negro in the World Will Deliver Addresses OTHER SPEAKERS WILL BE: SIR WILLIAM SHERRILL, I SIR ROBERT POSTON, Secre Improvement LADY HENRIETTA VINTON the Negro SIR WILLIAM SHERRILL, Leader of American Negroes SIR ROBERT POSTON, Secretary of the Universal Negro Improvement Association LADY HENRIETTA VINTON DAVIS, the Joan of Arc of the Negro Race HON. RUDOLPH SMITH and Others MISS ETHEL OUGHTON. CHE Singers Wi Full Strength of U. Come and Hear! BIG TIME! HOT TIME! GENERAL ADMISSION IN AID OF MONEY MISS ETHEL OUGHTON CLARKE and Other Famous Singers Will Sing GENERAL ADMISSION, 50 CENTS IN AID OF MORTGAGE FUND portent thing about these meat or protein foods is this: The body does only a little building in a day and therefore needs only a small amount of building material. If too much protein is supplied the body has to go to work and throw some of it away and this puts too much work on the kidneys as well as other organs, with the result that you may become sick. Mineral foods are those which give iron and such things for the blood to use, and for the bones, that they may be straight and strong. Vegetables, especially the green fresh vegetables, fruits and milk, do this. Fruits, some vegetables and milk gives acids which are needed for perfect digestion. You notice that in every class I have named milk. This is because milk is the most perfect food of all, as it has a little of everything in it. It is so easily digestible that babies can use it and get all the material for their growth. Growing children should have a great deal of it and even adults could use greater quantities of it and be healthier for so doing. Interesting substances found in foods and essential to a good working body are vitamins. These are found in milk, cream, butter, eggs, meat, fruits and many of the green vegetables. Oranges have much of this material and I might mention tomatoes, too. Give your children plenty of butter, and milk with the cream left in. Everybody needs every kind of food—fat, starchy, protein, mineral and acid—every day. THE BAB'LING BROOK By L. CUTHBERT ODIAN. Boaston, Mass. I sat beside a babbling brook. Whose rihling stream filled me with laughter; The fish cropt out of every nook. And pranced joyfully in the silent water. Wild fern and flowers perhung the creepy vale. Green grass and verdant trees lent regalish splendor. And slumbering hills behind the scene were bent. On making ardent lovers stop and ponder. Beneath romantic skies I wandered on Along the paths of many beauteous ways. To find that in this very awry world. This source of that help retain my PARKED in Cornellian Court Box 21 OUR PRICE, ALL FOR $2.00 IMAGINE: You get all three eight attention to notice above. Every one receives your money without question. This ALL YOU PAY IS $2.00 that's all. No to the Postage. You WAY everything. Money back if not absolutely satisfied. Wonderful investment. End Day. Fee. G. 63 PARK ROW, NEW YORK AGENTS WANTED! BACK MEETING D ME PROMENADE LIBERTY HALL 18th Street MIT, MAY 30, 1923 (COCORATION DAY) US GARVEY We Will Deliver One of His speeches Come to New York to Attend degro in the World Will addresses Leader of American Negroes tary of the Universal Negro Association DAVIS, the Joan of Arc of Race LARKE and Other Famous All Sing N. I. A. BAND Come and See! FOR EVERYBODY SION, 50 CENTS MAGE FUND ‘ a Ste Be Ree NS MT pe RAY > YT eS a Pe se oo ade es IE SS Re 9 OTS ae a a 4 Pe ms a LA wg agtigee se . <-dgaper TT Meee Wie ot LES EN ee : Rahs Ts gael 7 2 cr ah PE . *: er “Ns ee aa A : aie A ak te: ww Wea oe vo SAUNAS Siva ese ee Ea er ealieg lode Nip hee le ip an clea re ee iceman ee an ~ SRR SLED SRST OTERO at pn ie hE mene igen Sentr st seveehine tts aes eM Ne et ne iF Ne Mk a tia eat Meet o Vw 8 gay teeeh ch veh nay Oy RR Ce dre, Mey oS glk ot Mia hall Z Js, - 7 Rage a 3 ae : Goa — ee a ge Ho is ei isle Tt or + ‘ AIFS ry a ET fe ea : _ a4 ia ey cy i ow ES A a : | ae a kg 7: a —_a a - waa: mod Ge the; wheses| be: iid tan’ Bac anal peda To a to bn apie ine rt eat cBavien, tak tages Genie eae i no a Brvisot RALLY. orind, While others of tie at still WHdi| received ovation after ovatipm Tiroush wi a cpa hance to. secure | titee’ ta May. “Lest year ews, Cartewe Beaton, Maes. 1.90] 5 es sqnekeewy = I hee . 5 pecapar a Seer woh Unt=| the analysts of ‘qasthode and the aby araity fag Toarsave’ Ta tee amma’ Sn Mattes Bosme Maee - : Tcsenlt ED ie BS sorrow ‘for'the man being ‘pérevented | versity. “he apoxe ito the wement of their reevits-ax-com-Jof contestants, and in évery ¢ivibion| Marion K. Mimith, Bost-m, Mass.. 1.00 [Clairement, Lewis, Biston, Mate. er a DEFENSE FUND Decause of" ah “ideal” and ajay tn the) thelr chapel cxerciows ‘qnd scored an | ppred with théen ef other teachers and | the race was very clove. Yet one echool| Mary Belgrave; Boston, Mags... 6.09 J. 4. DRweets Beateh, Moms... ,;: 00? : E pope of an African redemption. When/ intellectual triumph besides ryosiving/ schools: Yor further inforsfation and |won all three prises. -This year it js} Sam‘Dilworth, Bostes, Mags.,.. 50 | A Buchdaan, Boston, Mbeki... 140: 2 meme ‘the, appeal tor. Gnance was made-overy-| an invitation, mot-onty. tor himestt. but for:"appointmenta, consult the un joped that Rhere'wiNl be a still larger | James W. Drake, Boston, Mass. 1.00 | Mra. Gk Blending, Beptgy, Bites” 2.00.” 1. Preeident Francis Work one geve-tn-proportion to what_they/for any cthen-executive officer of the/eigned or Miss: Mary Dunbar, DepartSJnumber. of entriés apd a still. closer| Lockie A. Stewart, Bosten, Mass. 1.90] Jutie Masem, Resten; Mauw...... 1.00 ~ Bo very much. hap gen eald-pro sind con adout’ the. program of, the Uni: ‘versal Negro’ Improvement’ Association that:tt is always, in order for one other thaut an-officer, one who has no strings to pull, one.mhats deeply interested. in humanity a8 a whole and the ‘Negroes im particular, to Voice his unbiased opinion. e..writer bas the highest regard for Mugcus Garey In that -he honestly believes the “ and all-wise God” is using this min as He -did Moses. ‘The writeraleo: believes that ‘as a human being, Garvey has his fauite; ‘but let us ask ourselves “this Question: what Negro has‘ever promul- gated a doctrine of Negras, for Ne- groes, by Negroes, that meant as much as the U.N i. A. means? Why should we not weld ourselves together in one solld mass and work for the duflding up of a “gorernment” big enough to offer protection to 400,000,000 people, who as French,’ British or Americans are not allowed to exercise their manly rights? ‘Those who doubt:the possibil- “ity of such an accomplishment are in- vited to pay u visit to the Philadelphia Division and.see the word “determina- ‘tion on the faces ot the membera ax though ‘written in letters of fire. It Vs my: conviction that-nothing t= impos- able with a mass of people who ner, think, and act to the attainment of any siven goal On. Bunduy, May 20, word wae fiusned through the city of Phiin- delphia that the case of tbe government against Mr. Garvey was in proceen of trlal. Unlike other movementn, prone- cution, or even seeming persecution, means increased enthusiasm and re- newed energy on the part of the mem- bere, and at 3.30 o'clock the hall’ at Seventeenth and South nireets wax filled to‘overfiqwing. ‘The vice-preaident, Mr. Underwood, opened the meeting, while the members sat anxiously awalting the Intent re- ports, Among the vialtors wan Mr. Simmons, president of Atlantic City Division. Thin gentleman in well- known {to Kome as ono-of the faithful workers, and hax filttd the off: of executive secretary and chaplain In the Aivision of which he in now president. Denpite Mr. Simmons’ modenty. for which he fs well known, when he was called upon to aneak in behalf of Mur cun Garvey and his Aftlean peogrars, he did justice to his youth, hin race, hin leader, and the caine to which his all indedicated. ‘The audience was kent npell-hound: from start to finish, and vigorously applauded the apeaker when he finjahed. President Francie * ‘The president. Dr. Lionet A. Francis, was then introduced amld deafening cheers, which. Is x ‘true sign that the People prociaim him. “the right man in the right place." To hear Dr. Fran- cla at his best one must hear him in the defense of the Hon, Marcun Garvey. whom he calls “The Matchlens Nexro." “Too much cannot be done,” he con- eluded, “to afd hoth morally and finan- tially at this time the man who for five years han been persecuted and proseruted for no other reaxon than that he speaks thee truth.” ‘The Hon. Rudolph Smith, Third Assistant Pres: ident-Gonoval and Tyutar Leader to the Weat Indies, was. tin introduced by the president. At thfs time wo fool that words would be inadequate to tell of Mr. Siiith's accomplishments and serv= ices for and to the U.N. 1 A. since his record is well known by fhe mem- hers throughout the world: He took hin audience tack to 1916, when the UN. 1 A. was known asi noxp-box movement, t the present day,» the greatest menacrto world powers. Te sail “that like Mahatma Gandhi, Garvey Ia being Incarcerated; na the non-co-operative movement worried England in India, the U. XN. 1 Ac ae worrying England, France, Belgium, Sain. tate and Dobtueel in Africa, The Hon. Murcus Garvey might e put in Jnil, but Africa is golnK to be Fe- deemed since today over 4,000,000 Ne mroca have so imbibed his doctritie that each in himself is a Marcux Garvey. At this anying some ghoulled apnrowa, Vim, Vigor and Vitality ~ ‘In “African Bark” Scientist Produces. an Invigorator Superior to Gland ‘Trestmente-- Wonderful Power of a Bark © From Africa Have you lost your youth. vigor and “pep, Doek lite seem dull and. work a'yring? Bort worry. Belonce has pro- duced a new formula. #414 to be eu. Derlor “even to. the much discussed Bland treatments, Many men and wom- Serare now auickly and easily repsin- Ing oat em. vigor and vitality’ in the Brivacy of thelr bomen. ‘The principal ingredient in an ex- tract trom the bark of arr Africat” tres. Tein sald 10 be a most remarkable In- igerator, “combined withric are other iclent tonic and vitalising elements Of proved merit. In many’ cases the compound promsees merked improve- sient in a6 hour. tn a shore time. the vitality is usually raised. the circula- flog improved ana ihe giow of health to’ every part. - The lnbdraterion, produting this new vitalleer. which is called Re-Bild-Tabs, ‘@P bo confident of its newer that they offer new customers a large $2 PR for cal? $1 and guarantees to refai ‘Money MT the remedy fails to give re- eae te ak wes ae fe paper. mii {be Creatwent without rok. Bend no incoey, wet ‘same and. eOdrese to the Re-! 328 Gete- Ful ge rrectinent o¢ RY BOd-Rate wit $3 creatinent of =m Sree Pe tienr Pare ome ft not ée- with the results. petit the peteneed Br Recrtars about | cooepennr tue oe as ic te pally =" THE “BIT OF SILVER” FUND Notice to All'Members of the Universal Negro Improve ment Association Throughout the World : and Friends . . others... moaned, most’ of the weetes ertid, While others of ua sat stil WR pana aenrtigars sorrow fur'the man being spéreseuted decause of"ah “ideal” aad ajay tm the ‘hope ct an. Atrjoan redemaption. When ‘the, appeal ter. Snance was made overy- one gave-in-propertion to what_thay had. ‘The peeshlent was the’ fret t give $10, and-otliers did Ukewlen, ‘he choir leader; Mr. Rufus Knowles, mod: eatly gave $16:dut was found out end his. name announced, while angiber fatthfot ‘sister gave 915 -anq:got Shay, so8 lt somher ‘leteas St ‘The sxemplifcetion. gf te a-cauye and {ts leader Wis never more visible as the crowd jostled each other to reach the flag of red, black. and grees and deposit thelr $1, $3 and $6. Fight oa, Marcus Garvey! Philadsiphia Division stands willing and ready to fight with you at all times. Onward, U. Nu. Ast ‘There must be ito let-up_ until Apeenae square miles of Africa's sunny boll ts turned over to 400,000,000 of her sons and daughters, until mind, muscle and money are all exhausted. +. REPORTER. a - On-Mond#y, May 7, our district was enthused when. the wera oa the “nigh commissioner.” Mr. GH. Bry- ant for Central and South America arrived to apehd two days with us the 7th and 8th, Every individual wae suger to hear him and had determined to turn out dovthe man. It was, however, a snd disappdint- ment when in the afternoon It was learned that he had broke down trom nervous prostration, which, he sald, was due tw" the amount of reform and in- structive work done in the various branches he han had to supervise with; out a day's rent aince February 6, 1926. “Everyone waa proud -next day tc heey he wan himeelf again, and would xpenk that night,-and don't. forget he did thrill the members with h'x elo- Quent address, tw which appeal ran out and inspired” new life into the branch and. brought tn, additfonnl memberahip Sn his openin remarkn he gavb brief outline: of tho workings of the Various divinions that are under Ais miperviaion and spoke of the mac- Sording to merit. Me further atated that men who were elected an lenders have failed fo measure up to the spirit of tho age, which the NEW NEGRO DEMANDS. © 9 <7 oo op He reminded ua that Negrien “are capable of governing themselves and emphasized that Negroes needed a gov- ernment of thelr own, and that noth- ng ele will assuage him from being a serf to other nations. Fenr not, he said, in apite of the many opporiitons the U. N.,1. A. fs etill nuccesafully plodding {td way to Itn dentiny of Atric’s redemption. Contiauntz; he didn’ ua to be patient, ns time is our re-assuranes, on whith hanga hspe and falth whieh will bring future realizations. ‘Yours ‘for racial unlitt, CHAS. G. PARKER, Gensral’ Secretary Gambon Division gq’ sh. Manel See KANSAS CITY, KAN., DIV. NO. 128 ADDRESSED BY HON. WM. ‘SHERRILL Kansas City, Kan, May 18, 1823 On the evenings of May 2, 10 and 11, the auditorium of the Temple, in Kansas City, Kan, wan filled to herr addresses trom tho Honorable Wm. J. Sherrill, 2nd vice-prenident-general of the Universit Xexro Improvement As- fochation and delegate of the LeaRue of Nations in Geneva, Switzerinnd. Hon, Wm, Sherrill wan era on of- ficial business with Sunflower Division, No. 128, and took the opportunity to sot forth the alms and objects of the latest and largest axtociation for the nocial, civil and political progress of Negroes, So captivating was his ora- tory, and edfivineing his argument, that We hereby beg to acquaint you with the fact that several of the mer who, during the periods of 1919 to 1922 were elected to serve the associatior under. oath as executive oMcers fo the good of the race. and who were voted certain ‘salaries believing that [thelr services to the association and to the race would merit it," but who ‘are no longer wh us in spictt oy. in pervive, have on thé basis of the large salaries voted them by’ the Converition, sued us for balances they, have al- leged ‘due them. We are now, there- fore, appealing to the loyal _mgmber- ship and fclerids of the association tp help the parent body pay off these meh who have resorted to the cobrte to forca.the ‘association to pay them on the basis of the high salaries voted them for cause at the Convention. " Please subycribe fo thls fend ® pay Of these persona who are suing tlle asyooiation that they-swere to nelp and protect and of which they. were executive offers... : = ‘The persons suing are:— G. E Btewart, who was wiested as CRAHCSIOY “at “35.000 Par “GANUMN "He te suing for $£.988.38 (ewe actions com tested by U.N kA) * ‘be beil bia eudieace apuitbemnd ond reseived ovation ‘after ovatinm Tiboush veretty, “he spoke ito the stetente—tn thelr chapel cxercioes ‘qnd scored ‘at intelisctual triumph besides rpcaiving ‘an invitation, mot-onty. tor himestt. but tor ‘ang cthen-oreontive. iver of tht Universal Negro improvement Associ ation, whee visiting this city to ad. dress that cxttical body. aa ‘On the last night several focal prow- tnent Negroes, including race ‘leaders egy, present ane wie they abel sxeptlcal views of the.merit.of.-thé ‘Universal Negro Improvement “assoc!- ation, Honorable Wm. Sherelll ‘easly convinced them t6 express thelr. opin- fon. that @ unity of Negroes of the world for national recognition was not only needed, but possible.“ The ladies ot the Black Cross nurses auxiliary and the men of the legions, combined to make the reception tendered this honorable guest an unqualified auc- cess, My. EUGENE EWING, Pres, « The News Lester, in resuming work after the vacation, desires to extend t ay! teachers of the-olansien its congrat: ulations on the fact that they ars teachers of the classics at this time when the gteatest opportunitien are tr store for them. “Tt trusts that ever; teacher, experienced or. inexperienced wil measure up tp the opportunity The demands upon the teacher: are buppily growing greater and more urgent. Let us get rendy.to mer! them. Some of thene demandr, aa I nec them at the beginning of this year are these: (1) Our teaching munt be made even better than it in. Every year we read the results of the inst examinations: of Ute College Entrance Board, and we feel a real entistaction in finding that Latin fs ‘among ‘the better taught ubjecta Inthe second- ary schoom, ‘But we should make it still better and our artandard stil higher. I do not mean aimply a larger [percentage of faflurer, I mean, rather a clenrer realization of the alm of our work and of the methods of attain- ing them, @ more aympathttic interent in mtudenis and x morn definite purnore of helping them, (2) Ana meang of mak- Ing our tenching better, we munt row in our knowledge and love of our nub- Sect.” ‘Take a course in Latin in some Ferip.tnstitution. If you cannot do that, arrange with noma one there to auggent a proxram of reading for you, er map out onw for yourself. (3) An an- other means to the same end, take an ‘Active intérent In the moetings of the classical asnocintionn tn your territory. Get the inspiration and the practical help that they can give. Head the Journals that they eit ginny you. (4) Keep in touch with edficatgenal prox- rean generally. (5) Co-oreratedn every’ Way you can with the murvey of the teaching of the cinnsten naw being con- ducted by the American Classical Taagua. (6) Above all. do not let yourself aay. “Life ts ton short and I have tao much to do now to assume any extra work.” Thenn-are the means by which you Increane your capital, The Latin Department will be find to offer surreations, advice, practical anaist~ ance in any form within {ts power. ‘The survey of classical teaching Is well under way. It Im hoped that every school will participate ff ag many waye ns possible. Tests of varlone Kinds will ba conducted this fall and others later For full information as to what you can do, consult the ‘underaigned or Maxon D. Gray, East High School, Rochester, N.Y. ‘There in every indication that the survey will contribute the most valuablo results to Tatin teaching and nchool adminixtration, Every teacher should have m mhare in the inventiga- tion. In confection with the survey and Independently, the Latin Department of tho Unversity: 1s prepared to under take Latin testing of various kinds in secondary achoolx within easy reach of Pittaburgh,and to a Mmited degree be- Bydney De Bourg. who was elected as leader of the Salem province of the Went Indies, at a aalary of $6,000, which was reduced to $3,000, Eile Garcia. elected es Auditor Gen- feral at $6,000 per annum, ‘who has been dismissed for cause, suing for $2,118 (three actions, contested by UNE AD. ss All members and patriots will sub- scribe to this. faud that in case -of Judgment against the association’ these ‘Negroes will be paid their “bite of atlver’ collected through judgment from ine cause which they ewore io defend and help by thelr: “ives, thelr fortunes and.their sacred honor.” Lat us unitedly pray that the “bits et allver” we subscribe ‘may “serve those who rscelve it ae did Jpdas Werte. + | THE PUND . Brought forward™.............$127.35 W. E. Anderson, Boston, Mafe..: 1.00 A Friend, New York city......... 60 Henry Thomas, Webster Greve, Mo ssvororerosvensstrcreesgte 200 Geer Bariet, Belli; ME. 166 (Total occ ceceecceescsleceee SIILSE: MARCUS GARVEY'S DEFENSE FUND Everyone Will ‘Subscribe to This Fund to Offset the “Plotters Against Negro Rights and Liberty— The Enemies Are-at Work—Send in. Your Subscription Now , area OME A Wonderful Hair Dressing and Grower. 1,000 AGENTS WANTED. Cood Ploney p Made We wane a- monte in every | oity and. village “ to sell THE : “STAR HAIR CROWER. Thies @ won: dertur prepare tion. - Gan be af veces with oF without : stalentecing trone and by : any eoreon. One 25 osnte = box proves ite , waluer Any por- . | eon that wit Gee 2 200 box 7" wit ‘be com vinced. é Mo’ matter : wnat nee tallea to grew vour | aw. juet give | THE STAR HAIR a 2 GROWER @ triat and be Bend 26c for ” A fun eize box. « if you wieh to e ; Beceme an a- : * @ent fer thie wendertur ‘pena $1.00-and wewm send you a tun’ eupe! wnat sou com base Tern ‘with at ence alee egvat'e termen en " ‘end af} money By meney order te an THE STAR HAIR GROWER MF’R., P. O. Box 912, | . @reensbore, N.C. | FORR eee Tass fernishes tenck- lore with an chance to. secure rement of their reevits-ax-com- pered with théen’ef other teachers and jechools: . Yor further informiation and for:‘appolntmenta, consult the Sater, eigned or Miss Mary Dunder, Depart! eat et” Latin; University” of Pitte- bursh, A ~The March” aumber of ihe Howard Palveralty. Record contains a valuable discussion of, the Latin Element in Englieh Speech; -by Prof. George M. Lightfoot. ‘The- author -eummarines-the argument, fr the atudy of Latin in a very fective: way and traces partici- larly the Influence of Latin on Sngliah. Nat only aie there imany words that have been taken over: directly from Jatin, bit thers “are-many more de- Fived “from Latin, while the Influence of Latin itérature upon lnglish writers can hardly be estimeted. This A@lscussion again reminda us that Were soon will be, tf there in not alrendy, n demand for courses In etymo'oxy, and that Latin teachers may well be pre- pared to mect much x demand. It is not too early to begin to pre= Saxe pindents for the anauad Gatla eon- ‘she case against the Honorable Mercug “Garvey, Elle Garcia’ and George Tobias of the Black Star Line for alleged misuse of the United States malls will be called come time this manth in New_York. Far quite n while enemics of Mareus-Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement As- sociation have: .been” working for the purpose of turning pubile ‘stntunent against Air. Garvey. Different Negro associations .have been canvassing the people, asking them to testify against Mr. Garver They havo organized Dpposition meet- Ings in different centers under tha caption, “Garvey Must Go!™ Ail thin ts being done to defeat tha hones of our race through the only real Nenra movement started In the Interest « the race. The fight for African freedom ts eternal and you mist wuppert it now by supporting the greatest leader of the race, Sena in your suunseription to thie fund imniodistely. All subecrip- Mlons will ba acknowledged in. the columns of thin paper. The casg will bo reported day by aay tn tho Daily» Negro Times and weekly In this papor for universal elr- ulation, Send. all eulweriptions ad: dreised to Storetary-Generas, Unis versal Negra Improvement Acaoelation, 56 Went 135th street, New York city, Nx, THE FUND Brought fOrwaed.sevee cece Bion 21 RA. Katseia, Boston Mawes Phitadetphaa Dateien. Phitviet Phin, Paces ce es demon Atlantic Davie n, Attuantie er Nias. : ww Gotumbue foivicen Catania es frm Salisbuey Disccan, Satsetae XN. Cepeeees 4 on Dewitt Btuster Dewar, Ve aa | Hon Smith, W. Phiindetptna, a! Vea Geo, Grittin, W, Ptukuteiphea, Py ye Faia Tews, Wi Piniadetphin Pa Lo Pittsburgh Devcon, Puttston oi Norfolk Luvision, Nonfotk, Vas. 1100 teat, to be bgid"ag’ the wntveratty’ ¢ titee” ‘aay Leat year oes, fwhs,a very gratifying Increase - lof cositestants, and in avery diviblon tie race was very clove. Yet one schoo! won all three prises, ‘Thin year it is joped that Ihere'wiNl be a still larger number. of entride apd a’ still. closer (contest, The preliminary contest Is a written examination tn. sight: (ransia- tion;:the final, derivative content. “Cer- tainly every’.schoo} ahould devote spe- clal, attention fo these two things, and the" contest Isa convenient’ method of Judsing-- the ~euceess—-of— your work. ‘There are three. divisions; for high ‘schoo! sophomores, — junfers~ and MeRGR eis a ET There are sill some’ teachers who ara.net members of the Claanical Asso- olation of Pittsburgh and vicinity. The association In the outlet for the class- cal energy auc énthusinan of (his ter- ritory; tacts us a stimulant ta teach- era and students of the clasnics,” and St fe the co-ordinating Influence for the forces that are working for the classics: EVAN... SAGE. Univeraity of Pittsburg. Pitts- brad, 2. Bimo Hervington, Chester, Pa 2.00 John A Filip, Chester, Pas cee. 200 AM. Edwards, Chester, Pa cee. 1.00 Darniey Helerive, Cheater, Pa... 199 Samuel Gibbs, Chester, Paces 10 Eva Stovall, Chester, Pasescsees 100 Mitry Parnes, Che ter, Passccse. 1.00 Eilza Sheppy, Che tern Paces. 108 Sarah Sheppy. Chester, Pacis. 30 A Friend, New York City... 30 Moniclair Div.. Montehir, Node. 1.25 Cedar Grove Die, Cedar Grove, WeVieciitetemmsgneeaces (Si Cineinnats Die, Cimetnati, Ones 239 Charles Harrell, Chicaga, Woo... 00 slamex W, Anderson, Chioage, Hi 200) W. Le Seatt, Chivagy, Meccan Chteage Division, Chisagga, HL. 117.88 Mrs, Mo Smatt, Gaston, Mare.cc, ct Lonph Gale, Boston, Miss. os es Teutee B Wer ton, Fastin, Mas a ‘Thomas Punter, Lesten, Masi. 1a Hatwin Butcher, Boston, Masa... Loe Wn Grassvenor, Rasion, Mans “a0 TOA Moller, Potty, Mase. cc. 10 Uitheihert Spurer Bawon, Muse, 10 Holst 8 Turaer, Boston, Mans. 30 Monzo Davis, Hoston, Maske... 1.00 Dorito Blanca, Boston, Mass... 1.00 Joxeph Speinger, Rowton, Mass. = 1.00 He Simith, Howton, Murs. 100 PMs T, Caeten, Teton, Mase im Tent Cuttender, Hostinn, Mass Yow Mert rt Bate, Heston, Mass ron Ueaest Headley, Boston, Mas: Tow Mie Pte Geneste, Bo teat Mie ae Yow Mire Jd Livner, Basten, Mus te Mo tases, Boston, Mare Low Fees Huteen, Boston, Mar stan Petayand Hesiver*, Mesto, Ms tow Nar Stephens, Basta Mess pee ope pine Csshes, Tonto, Me “ Angee Seweh Bee tens, Mase 2s Crcneniie Werth, Rectan Mi oe be HOR Wetlsans, Beton Ma te dive A Rineiwand. Bost, Mace bam Samer Vale. Reston Min Les. Heten Semis! 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Are Now on (Objection by Mattucks: We can save time by looking at the contract). About, your service to the Black Star Line, was there any understating? None, only that I would be the first captain. The court adjourned for lunchson. THE AFTERNOON SESSION Mr. Garvey continued his cross-examination of Captain Cockburn as follows. Do you know Captain Mulzac and Billy Garcia? Yes. Do you know of his connection with the Black Star Line? Yes. Do you know of his connection with the Universal Negro Impovement Association? Yes. Do you know Miss Amy Ashwood? Yes. Did you know of her connection with the Black Star Line? Yes. From ever since you knew them, coming in contact with them, did you know of the relationship? Yes. Did you know the relationship of Mr. Eile Garcia with the Universal Negro improvement Association in the latter part of 1919? Say about November or December. Yes. As also in the early parts of 1920? Yes. Do you know a man by the name of Boulin? Yes. Of the firm of Berry and Ross? (Objection by Mattuich. as to whom he knows and does not know makes no difference. Objection sustained). You testified this morning that you took a ship of the Black Star Line some time in 1919-1920 from Philadelphia to Boston. Did you take aboard that ship Mrs. Garcin? Ye For what purpose? Mrs. Garcia and another lady approached me in the presence of Miss Ihavie, one of the vice-presidents and directors of the Black Star Line, for the purpose of establishing the Black Cross Nurses there, as it was something new that the Philadelphia Division had originated through these ladies from New York. How many ladies? Three. Was one Mrs. Branch among them? Yes. What was the name of the other lady? Mrs. Seymour. Did they pay their passage? No; they were connected with the Universal Negro Improvement Association at the meeting that was being originated in Boston for the purpose that you were sending me to take the Yarmouth there. Captain, on the way back from Boston to New York or Philadelphia, did any accident happen? No. Was there any threatened accident? No. Did the ship drift out of her course? No. Was there any alarm about that boat? No. You know of all the men on watch or your ship under your command at all times? Yes. You will be able to recall the men who were on watch on the return trip from Boston to New York on that occasion? Who was on watch? At what time? How many watches did you set from Boston to your first destination? Three watches. Who were the three persons? Chief officer, second officer and the third officer. Did you take your wife on that trip? No. I had my wife from Norfolk to Philadelphia. And you dropped her at Philadelphia? I brought her to New York. You mean you took your wife on at Norfolk after you went from the West Indies, then conveyed her to Philadelphia. From Philadelphia she took the train to New York; then you went on the ship from Philadelphia to Boston? (Objection by Mattucks sustained by court.) On your trip from Philadelphia did you go to bed with anyone? Did any of your officers go to bed with anyone? (Objection by Mattucks sustained by court.) Judge, we are not charging the captain with any such thing. (At this point the judge called together the lawyers, and Mr. Garvey and Mr. Mattucks had a conference.) He Knew Amy Ashwood. You said you know Miss Amy Ashwood? Yes, I did Were you a friend of Miss Amy Ashwood? Yes. Can you remember that you stated to the court that the ship Yarmouth was ordered to Boston for a meeting, or for show? Yes. Did you meet anybody in Boston when you arrived there with the ship? Yes. Was Mr. Garvey among them? I met the agent; I do not remember. Who was the agent? Mr. Gibson. Did you meet one Mr. Williams? Mr. Phillips? Meet Miss Davis? I cannot recall. Did you purchase coal in Boston? No. I did not; the agent did. Did you have any talk or conversation with any of the officers of the Black Star Line about a second delivery of coal to the boat? The engineer, Mr. Garrett, made a request to me for 100 tons of coal, and I ordered from the agent 100 tons of coal. I had nothing to do with the coal; I simply supplied Garrett's order. Did you find out what was the cost of the coal per ton? I did not find that out; it did not make any difference to me. I could not come to New York without coal. of the Yarmouth to and from Boston? No. You claim you sent Mr. Garvey in Philadelphia? I did. What time was that? September. What time were the negotiations started? September 13, as said before. Do you remember the time the negotiations started? In August. How much as commission? did you get? (Mr. Mattucks objected to the question, but the objection was overruled). Only from the Yarmouth in August did I get a commission. Can you state the amount of commission? $1,600 or something around that. Judge—You mean you get $1,600? Yes. Do you remember what time you assumed your position with the Black Star Line as Marine Officer and Commander? Yes. When we bought the ship. You I will show you, Captain. Government exhibit 24 and ask you to identify yourself. Captain Cockburn. first commander. You know Mr. Certain Mr. Tobias. Are you familiar with the name of Henrietta Vinton Davis? Yes. dannie Jenkins? No. You supplied the photograph from which the cut was made, did you not? I did. Captain, when first did you see a circular of this kind? Exhibit 24. I do not remember; before you had a ship, I think. So before we had a ship you were published as the commander of a ship and accepted as such? District Attorney objected, and said, the exhibit speaks for itself. The fact that Captain Cockburn states that he is a first commander does not say of a ship or anything else. It speaks for itself. The exhibit only says first commander, but not of a ship at all. You know about Magine officers. Captain, that part that relates to one's title, one's position, what he should do, what he should not do as an officer of Marine Service of the country? Yes. You know Captain, there are commanders without ships, don't you? There are. Shore Captains. I am not talking about shore Captains but of Commanders. What do you mean? I mean a Commander. Do you know that Commanders have title without ships? Yes or no? Yes. And you were a Commander affiliated with the Steamship Co. of the Black Star Line, were you? Yes or no? I was not. You were? I was not. District Attorney Mattucks then asked that the jury see exhibit 31, September 13, as the date of the contract. Are you familiar with the contents of this letter, Captain? I did not see it. Government exhibit 31. I think it is. District Attorney Mattucks—The contract is September 17 instead of September 19. I make this correction. By this, your salary was fixed at $400 per month, was to date from November 1, 1919, and you were to receive one-half monthly as from September 19, 1919. Now, Captain, did you have any other arrangement or understanding with the Black Star Line prior to the date of September 19? No. The Help He Offered Captain, did you at any time arrange with Marcos Garvey, President of the Black Star Line, that you would give all the help and assistance possible for the putting over of a steamship line with the Negro peoples of the world, and that you were a man of means, you didn't need money and that you will give your services free" You were saying too much, I didn't say all that. Tell us what you said, then, I told you I would help you. Tell us in what direction" Help you to get a ship. Help me to get a ship" Yes. What had you to do for the Black Star Line and with what authority had you to do it? Well, go to Liberty Hall and stand up and let the people see me and make a long speech while you sold stocks. I didn't mean that kind of an arrangement. I mean as touching how you could approach people in the name of the Black Star Line so that they would know that you were not an impostor or an irresponsible person. Did you have any understanding to that effect, yes or no? No. Did you speak to other people like officers and directors of the Black Star Line before September 13, 1912? I do not remember. When you collected $1,600, as your part of this deal to sell the Black Star Line the Yarmouth, did you tell Mr. Garvey of that? No. Why didn't you? I had no business to tell him. How many of you received this amount of money? Five brokers. Each received $1,600 apiece? Yes. Name them please. Mr. Myers, Mr. Estrado, myself. I don't remember the rest of them. Each got $1,600? Can't you remember the rest of the people who received this money? I don't remember who else received it. When did you say the contract was signed for the purchase of the boat? September 17? I don't remember. Did you collect your commission on that very day? No. Did you know that there were any other contracts entered into between Harris McGill and Co. and Mr. Garvey or the Black Star Line? Did you know of the making of any contract before the commission was paid? No. You don't know? A contract for what? Did you know of any other contract besides the one of September 17? No. To your knowledge, the purchase of the Yarmouth was completed absolutely on the 17th of September? Yes or not? To my knowledge it was. How often have you visited the office of Harris McGill and Co. It relation to the purchase of the ship Yarmouth do not remember, but I want with Mr. Smith Green and you to Harris McGill & Co. and you asked them to give you more time and tried to get them to allow you to pay less money. About how long after September 17 was that? District Attorney Mattucks objected to the question. Objection sustained. Exception taken by Mr. Garvey. In what capacity did Smith Green visit Harris McGill and Co., in connection with the supplementary contract? Do you know? As Secretary of the Black Star Line? Was anyone else besides you there? I do not remember. Captain, do you know if this supplementary contract was gone through? Yes or no? Yes. Captain, on what contract did you collect your commission, first, second or when? There was only one contract. You did not know of a supplementary one? I only knew of one. All right, now captain, you collected your commission on the price of the boat or on just the first payment of the contract? No, the brokers' commission is an arrangement between the owner and brokers. As to the commission, you would pay before any transaction. So that was fixed on the purchase price of the boat? Surely. Do you know the purchase price? $165,000. So that the brokers collected their commission on the purchase price of the boat, $165,000? Yes. So that if the $165,000 were not paid, an arranged for, there would have been no money for the brokers? District Attorney Mattucks objected to the question. Objection sustained. Exception taken. Not Interested—Even Rum Runners Captain, you have been in business a long time. Outside of being a captain you are a real estate broker. You handle big business transactions. You own a ship now? I do not own any ships now. Are you interested in ships? Not at all. You have no ships outside of the three-mile limit? No. (Laughter.) Have you ever seen Mr. Tobias, Mr. Certain, Smith-Green, Captain Cookburn, W. Harris, Leo Healey, all together in the office of Harris McGill & Co? I have. On how many occasions? A couple of times. When and where were they in conversation? I went along with you and your directors to interview him. On what kind of business did you come? You asked me to help you. I did not ask you that. I asked you on what kind of business did you come? I went with you to get a ship. Did you take part in any of the conversation? Yes. In what manner. Tell the court. Judge: What do you mean, in what manner? What was the nature of his conversation. Explain to the court. Judge: Do you mean, urging you to buy it, do you mean that the ship was a good ship or worth the money paid for it, where the host was? He means what part had you in it—Mr. Garvey? That's what I mean. I told you after I suspected it to get an engineer to examine its body. Mr. Garvey I apologize, Your Honor, Judge: What else did you say? Did you say nothing about buying the boat, boosting the sale of 187? At that time I had certain ships that I had negotiated with brokers for. The prices ranged from $475, $296 a ton, $5,225, and several other prices. Judge: I am not asking you that. I told him of the ship: Have you ever had any disputes with Marcus Garvey as president of the Black Star Line bearing on your conduct or how the business of the corporation as far as the ships went should be protected and looked after?—I have never had any dispute. Never had any disputes with him? —Yes, one about navigation. Captain, have you ever, on more than one, two or three occasions, stated that "I am marine officer of the Black Star Line, and I am going to tell you all what to do, and I do not want any interference from you." Have you ever used words of that kind?—Yes. I have Captain, have you ever refused to abide by the instructions of the president of the Black Star Line? Yes or no?—No, not as far as possible, when it was possible to obey your instructions. Did you, ever refuse any instructions? Yes or no?—Yes The Line's Nautical Expert Captain, is it not a fact that you at all times made the officers and directors of the Black Star Line understand that you were a practical man and captain of many years of experience and that if they wanted to run the Black Star Line, they must abide by your advice, and instructions, yes or no?—Not all of that. What part?—L said I was a competent captain and would handle the ship for you: I could take her to any port in this world provided you give me the ship fit to go. I also told you that I could manage your office, the marine, if you would allow me to do it.—Were you ever allowed to do it?—No. Did you advise the Black Star Line to buy the steamship Yarmouth from Harris, McGill & Co., yes or no?—I Do you know if any of the officers of the Black Star Line were competent to examine machinery, yes or no—No. Yet you advised them to go, and examine the machinery to their satisfaction and buy the boat"—District Attorney Mattucks: He did not advise them. Mr. Garvey: How do you know?—D. A. Mattucks: Well, he said no. Mr. Garvey: You and Mr. Edward Smith-Green were great friends, were you not, Captain?—Yes. Can you tell where Edward Smith-Green is now?—Somewhere in Jersey. Do you know his address?—Well, no. Think you could locate him?—Yes. District Attorney Mattucks: I will give you his address, Mr. Garvey, if you want it. Now, Captain, tell me this. You said this morning, that you slept with Mr. Garvey. Where? District Attorney Mattucks objected. Overruled. In one bed in Newport News. In Newport News, Va., and did you make a speech there?—Three speeches that one day. Do you remember who was there, associated with the Black Star Line and the Universal Negro Improvement Association?—Mr. Garcia. Mrs. Estelle Mattuls of Philadelphia, was she there?—I do not think so. There was a party from New York. Miss Davis, was she there?—No. Mr. Robert Gross was there. District Attorney Mattucks: What difference does it make? Judge: What difference does it make who was there? Mr. Garvey: Much, because we are going to have much important evidence. Judge: Of what? Mr. Garvey: Of a statement. Judge: You are only supposed to take up material matters. Mr. Garvey: We are going to deal with matters that are material. Objection sustained. A Big Tip Taken Why was it that you and Mr. Smith-Green, as secretary of the Black Star Line, collected $2,000 from the Green River Distilling Company for the Black Star Line?—Not Mr. Smith-Green. You?—It was given to me by Mr. Najy. Mr. Najy gave that check he promised me and gave me the money. What for?—Oh, for helping him out of great difficulty. What difficulty?—It was that if the ship Yarmouth did not sell out of port before prohibition came into effect that much whisky would be contested, and he paid me $2,000 as a consideration, a present for the extra amount of energy that I put into it to get his stock in port. So you removed a cargo of 'whisky from New York aboard the ship of the Black Star Line?—But you chartered it. Didn't ask you that; answer yes or no?—Yes, sure. At what time were you informed that the Black Star Line had a cargo of whisky to be shipped away on one of our ships from this country?—On my return. When?—When I returned to New York after the first voyage in 1820. Who told you it?—Your superintendent. He told me, that I would have to sail in two days. He happened to be a white man named Anderson. What did you say to him?—I told him it was impossible. The ship couldn't go to sea. She had to be repaired. What time, what was the date of the month when you returned?—He told me I would have to go and discharge my cargo and go to Cuba. What was the caro And immediately you came in from your trip to the West India's the Marine Superintendent of the Black Star Line told you that in two days you had to go out with a Virago of whiskey, and you refused to go? I could not go. You refused? Judge: He answered he could not go. Did you know where Mr. Garvey was January, 1920? In New York. Did you ever hear of Mr. Garvey getting married around December, 1923? Yes. Did you read of his trip to Canada on a honeymoon?—Yes. You knew he was in Canada around 1912?—Yes. Was he in Canada in January, 1920?—I know he was in New York in 1920. All of January, 1920?—I do not know. Do you know what date appeared on the contract that the Black Star Line made with the Pan-Union Company for the removal of the cargo of whisky?—You knew there was a contract that was binding the Black Star Line. District Attorney Mattucks objected. Sustained. Did Mr. Garvey explain to you Captain that the cargo had to go because of the contract that was signed in the name of the Black Star Line to take it?—Yes. Can you remember saying to Mr. Garvey that not enough money was arranged for you to remove the cargo?—told you that $3 per ton was not anything to carry that cargo out of New York for. I said it would not pay the coal bill. Was the Boat Inspected? Did the engineer attached to the legal department visit the boat before she sailed?—They don't have to. Is it not a fact that before a boat can sail from New York that passengers and cargo and master of that boat must first satisfy the legal Marine authorities that the boat in sea worthy?—They will examine your boat but it is not absolutely necessary. If you have your license that is sufficient, and comply with the requirements of the port, the legal Marine authorities are not necessary. And you did so comply?—Absolutely, did sir. Do you know, Captain, how much money the Black Star Lane was to collect our right, according to the agreement written for the Yarmouth cargo? How much?—$23 per ton. What was the total amount?—$90 tons at $29 per ton. Figure that out yourself. Did you know that the Black Ski Line received a check from the Green River Distilling Co. of Naly of the Pan Union Company in payment of the Black Star Line cargo, for $11,000? —Well, it was the cargo that I brought from Jamaica, consigned to Najf, and they, up to the time we sending the Yarmouth away, that was the time your secretary collected inward as well outward freight. How much?—1 do not know. Was the amount paid in your pres- ence and Healey and the representative of the Green River Distillery Company? —No. So that you saw the check in payment for the cargo inward and outward?—1 saw the check inward and outward. For $11,000?—I do not know. And you saw that check and at the same time that check was issued another one was jailed?—Yes. For $2,000?—No. How much?—Something like $1,700 it was and the difference that Mr. Najy had to give me. He gave me $300 in cash, and he told me that he would give me the balance as soon as the bills were paid. So you got $2,000 from Najy as a gift?—Yes Did you tell the Black Star Line anything about that?—I did not have to. Did you give away part of that money?—That's my business. Attorney Mattacks objected. Not satisfied. Did Smith-Green get any of that money, yes or no?—That's my business. Do you know if Smith-Green was then secretary of the Black Star Line?—Yes. He knew you collected this gift or bonus. Captain?-He could not help but knowing it. Did Healey know?-Yes. Did Mr. Healey advise to whom the check should be made, payable and who should receive it, yes or no?—I do not remember. Was there any conversation about it, how much it should be as far as Najy and you were concerned and Smith-Green?—Yes. Are you aware of the fact that the Pan Union Steam Ship Company and Najy sued the Black Star Line for $2,000 more than the Black Star Line received at the hands of its treasurer for the inward cargo that you spoke of and for removing the cargo of whiskey from the harbor of New York to Havana, Cuba?—You signed some papers with Najy and he turned around and sued you on the papers you signed. Are you sure?—I know it. Are you sure—No, I am not sure. You are not sure?—I heard of this. Heard it from whom?—I heard it from some of your people. Something: Queen, Somewhere. Something Queer Somewhere. Did you know that there is how judgment against the Black Star Line for the amount of money that you and Smith-Green as secretary of the Black Star Line collected from McGill of the Pan Union Co., through a check on the Green River Company?—No. Did you know that the Green River Distillery Company—— District Attorney at this point interrupted and capped upon Mr. Garvey to produce the chuck and amount of money it was made out for. Mr. Garvey asked for one day to produce the evidence. Mr. Mattucks objected to any explanations coming from Mr. Cookburn on this point. Mr. Garvey further stated that he was not in a position to produce evidence written but he could produce witness. He asked the judge if this was permissible. The judge granted him this permission. Are you aware of the fact that the Green River Distillery Co took action and I believe obtained judgement against the Black Star Line for $52,000 for short delivery on cargo? I did not remember that. There is a lil' suit against the Yarmouth of the Black Star Line for $4,000 for heart delivery on cargo? I did not know that. This is the first time you heard of it?—The first time. Has Mr. Garvey ever spoken to you about the short delivery of cargo; non-delivery as obtaining to the whiskey cargo you removed from New York to Havana?—Yes. Were you dismissed from the services of the Black Star Line because of your conduct in removing the cargo of whiskey from New York?—I was not dismissed. How did you leave it?—Just left. It. Did you give an account of your stewardship? I did. To whom? To the one you referred me to, Mr. Thompson. Mr. O. M. Thompson, vice-president of the Black Star Line? Yes. This gentleman (pointing to Mr. Thompson): he gave you the clearance papers? Yes. Can you produce that clearance paper? What do you mean? That is a release. You were released from your duties? When you relieved me that was enough. Did Mr. Garvey relieve you? Yes; he relieved me. You were; captain, relieved of your command, of the Yarmouth before you received that letter; yes or no? Yes. You had a conversation with Mr. Garvey in that letter; did you? Yes. Captain, did you, during your time in Jamaica, that is to say you took the ship from New York with cargo to Havana and from Havana to Jamaica and then remained there sometime and came back to New York. In Jamaica, and in New York and in other places, did you make statements that you knew that you were not going to be retained as commander of the Yarmouth; yes or no? No. Cargo in this conversation is the Life. the certificate to enable the ship to call and what period of time it was to elapse between the time you returned to New York and the time it was to come to a close? Yes. About what time? About July, 1929. It was to be out in July, 1929? Yes. And you came jack in June, 1929? No. Then, what time? May. Did you make the threat at any time to any one that you were going to get in touch with the marine authorities at Ottawa, Canada, and get them to come to New York immediately on your return on the ship Yarmouth to New York and cancel the existence of the certificate and to hold the ship for reasons; yes or no? I do not know. Did you state to any one anywhere that tells Yarmouth would never go to sea brain so long as your name was Cockburn? Why no. When you returned, on the second trip to New York had you not a pleasant relationship and feeling toward Mr. Garvey, the president of the Black Star Line and other officers of the Black Star Line? Yes, very pleasant. Captain, who ordered coal supplies and repairs to the S. S. Yarmouth on each voyage, except the one in Boston? I gave the order for some. Not all. Why, no. The engineer makes out orders and gets supplies. So you knew about orders. Yes. Captain, have you ever had repairs done to the Yarmouth in the Port of New York? Yes. With whose authority or permission? On the second voyage, your marine superintendent, Mr. Anderson, and on the first voyage, yours. That is the only repairs you had? After I returned on the second trip in distress, I got several estimates of work to be done and submitted them to you. On one occasion an estimate was given for something like $24,000 for fifteen months. I don't quite remember just what it was. Suppose we say eleven? Well, eleven. I told you that was very high and that I would go to the British Consul and refer them to him and asked you to hold on while I did this. In the meantime you gave orders for these people to carry on this work at this high estimate. I arranged with another engineer to go over to the same people with a card from the British consul which I had, and they brought it down from that amount to $55,000. I called you up and told you what I had done, though he stated that he had instructions to carry on the work for the first amount of, say, $11,000; but he refused to go on because you wanted to pay half on completion and the other half in thirty or sixty days. He refused? Who were these people? I think it was Robbins. Robbins Dry Dock Company? No, not them. Yes, I think I was they. Mr. Garvey: Thank you. At this juncture the judge announced that the court was adjourned until the morning of the 24th at 10:20, May, 1923. Thursday Morning's Sitting The hearing of the case against Marcus Garvey was continued in Federal District Court Thursday before Judge Julian Mack. Counsel appeared as hestofeon. Mr. Garvey continued his cross-examination of Captain Cockburn, as follows: During the two sailings of the Yermouth, captain—that is, in leaving from New York with the cargo of whiskey (remember she went out the first time and got strained and returned)—during the two periods of sailing, how many repairs had you on the ship—one or two? When you arrived off the coast of Florida extensive repairs, had to be done to take the cargo of whiskey? Yes. So you had a second repair, that is, when she came back and was going out again? Why, certainly. We got in distress; that is the reason why we turned back to New York. Who offered the jobs to the company? With respect to Rolling Braduck, There were estimates given. Mr. Garvey (sharp): Answer direct. (Objection by Matnucks.) Who offered the job on the second occasion? You did. You know that positively? Why, sure. Have you offered out jobs for repairing the Yarmouth or conditioning the Yarmouth or any of the boats of the Black Star Line? Yes or no? No. Have you ever on your own account contracted any debt on behalf of the Black Star Line—any financial obligation? No. I have never, only on behalf of the steamship Yarmouth, which was in my power to do so. So, as a captain you are supposed to give out all awards for repairs, for the supplies, for anything that the ship needs? Yes or no? My particular ship, yes. And did you do so at any time? Yes or no? I do not know. Can you say how many times you have given out orders and signed requisitions authorizing them? As often as was necessary. Captain, is it a condition of the maritime service or law that a ship is entirely under the control of its master and no one can interfere with the conduct of the master? Yes or no? No./2 Did you ever make the statement to the effect that as master of your ship you would admit of no interference, because the law says no one should interfere with the master? Objection by Matucka. (Overruled.) Yes. (A statement was here made by the judge, that these questions were delaying the case.) Mr. Garvey: I appreciate that, but, I desire to make a statement, before you and the jury to show that this case has been dragging for nearly eighteen months. Judge: The length of time has nothing to do with the questions. Mr. Garvey: I do not want to weary the court, but I do not know who the witnesses are for the prosecution. I just come in and find witnesses here. Judge—You could have found out who the witnesses were. Guervoy—I was not even taken before the grand jury. Judge—You will appreciate that you are not a lawyer, but it is within your legal rights to conduct your own case. I appreciate that it is unnecessarily causing a tremendous amount of delay, but it is within your privilege to conduct your own case. A lawyer can always do it more expeditiously than a layman in my own judgment. I have given you infinitely more latitude than I would any lawyer in the asking of questions. I will continue that as far as possible, but I now purpose holding you down as far as is necessary, and I purpose pushing this case as hard as it can be pushed so that there will be no undue delay. Now, repeat the last question. Question repeated. Judge—You may answer it. Denied Quarreling Have you and Mr. Garvey had many quarrels about your piling up debts on the Black Star Line without authority and without informing the officers of the Black Star Line of the contraction of such debts Yes or no? No. Never had such quarrels? No. Did you contract debts for the S. S. Yarmouth without informing the officers of the Black Star Line—I mean the corporation—I do not mean the officers of the ship, the officers of the corporation Yes or no? When it was necessary to do so. If you had a command not to do so would you continue to do so after a command had been given you? (Objection by Mattuckis that questions mean nothing was sustained). Weren't you told not to contract debts for the Black Star Line? Yes or no? I do not remember. Who ordered the stores aboard the Yarmouth during your captaincy of the Yarmouth? I did in some cases, and your office did in other cases. Did you get commissions on the jobs you gave out for the S. S. Yarmouth and for supplies? Yes or no? I do not know. Did you sell parts and supplies, of your ship Yarmouth on the many trips you made to the West Indies, including places like Cuba, Jamaica, Barbados, Becus-del-Toro and Panama. Yes or no? No, I did not. Did you at any of these ports offer a ship any supplies from your ship at any port—agent's supplies? Mattucks—You mean agents of the Black Star Line? Cockburn—I mean agents of the Black Star Line supplied the ship with stores at the various ports when necessary. Judge—Proceed. Mr. Garvey—Did you ever have the crew of the Yarmouth to play cricket anywhere? (Objection by Mattucks.) Judge—What has that got to do with the case. Garvey—He testified that time was wasted by the Corporation and I want to put him under cross examination. Judge—Suppose he wasted time with the ship, what has that to do with the charges against you? Garvey—I want to prove that Marcus Garvey did his duty to the Corporation. Judges—And you cannot prove that by proving the negligence of the Captain. (Objection by Mattucks. Exception by Mr. Garvey). Judge—Let us proceed. The whiskey key cargo that you took from New York, did that include any other spirits? (Objection by Mattucks sustained). Did you remove champagne in the cargo of the Yarmouth that sailed from here to Havana? (Objection by Mattucks sustained. Exception by Mr. Garvey). Did you your own personal account dispose of some of the cargo of the Steamship Yarmouth at the port of Havana? I did not. Guests Treated to Champagne Did you invite guests aboard that ship and treat them to Green River Whiskey and Champagne and other liquors? Yes or No? At your Instructions. 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FIGUEROA, Editor re Informes ‘de Mentone, Francia, gar préximo a la villa en fa- Mlecié'el millonario american, Mr, Gould, anuncian que la muerte de! magnate americano: ha recrudécide el sentimiento fatalista que culminé entre los fanaticos del mundo en- tero a raiz'de la muerte del explo- tador inglés Lord Carnarvon. ~ Gould es otra victima de la mal- dicion de los Faraones, lanzada contra todos aquellos.que se atre: vieron a profanar sus tumbas} asi se repite en el pueblo entero donde se_sabe que él finado en -compaiiia de su esposa estavo viajando per Egipto x visits a Lord Carnarvon en el valle de los reyes penetrando ¢@ las camaras donde se encontraban las tuinbas del monarca egipcia.. Es ademas .del dominio -publico que Mr. Gould se burlé de las super- ‘ticiques egipcias, relativas a la pro- fanacion de las tumbas y se permitio hacer varios chistes sobre el par- ticular. .Tanto Lord Carnarven co- mo Mr. Gould comentaron respecti- vamente el asunto y ambos son hoy victimas del escarnio y del sacrile- gio, Los sintomas de la enfermedad gue’ ha Hevado al seputcro a Mr. uld se aseguran que, han, sido aifalogos a los que se apreciaron en la dolencia de Lord Carnarvon y Ia citfermedad de inicié casi’ simulta- neamente que la del malogrado ex- plorador, pero en opinién del_pue- blo los dioses airados le retuvieron vengativps en el lecho del dolor. Asimismo la reserva que se ha guar- dado en torno a su enfermedad har dado pabulo a estas y otras pa- traiias que durante varias semanas atronaron los.oidos de los egiptolo- gos y del mundo entero., "Se dice también que, cuando Ia noticia de la enfermedad de Lord Camarvon Mego a oidos de Mr. Gould, éste se mostré ‘muy afectado recordando la maldicién de los Fa- raones y ¢s peraba con ansiedad el boletin médico, que se le trasmitia desde, Luxor diariamente. Después de la muerte del egipto- logo: britinico este sentimiento fa- talista se opodero de él y en sus conversaciones se mostraba obse- sionado. Los mas afamados especialistas europeos desfilaron por au cabecera sin que a ninguno fuera dado e dignosticar con certeza sobre la do- lencia misteriosa que le tenia pis- trado y le debilitabe de dia en dia. Muchos de-ellos han Megado 3 afirmar que su muerte ha sido un caso fatal do autosugestion, pues se creia anatemtatizado por el hado fu- tidico de Tut-ankh-amen. zacha. Interminable Por Llegar a la- Meta‘ de Nuestras ’ Aspiraciones—Enemigos' de Is Raza’ Cohspiran en Contra.de Nuestro ‘Movimiento, Celosos de su Exito— * Astutos que Tratan de Beneficiarge Engafiando a su Semejante—Exposicién de Sus Hechos * en todas direcciorics una jncesante agitacién, cuyo objeto ¢s la emancipacién' del oprimido. En esta gran lucha en pro ‘de ‘la realizacion de sus aspiraciones, la parte de la humanidad oprimida se ha visto siempre, contrarrestada por aquellos elementos traidores a su ppdpia raza, quienes con muy poca fé en sf mismos, son su€eptibles en el negociado "de los derechos de'su propidpueblo a cambio de la adquisi- ‘cién de un puiiado de mohedas, , Nuestra raza tiene desgraciadamente entre sus ele- mentos los peores traidores que raza alguna haya podido tener. Los traidores de otras razas son por regla_general elementos irresponsables de sus actos; los -de_la nuestra se conceptuan de intelectuales y se precian de ocupar puestos de gran escala’ social, por cuyo motivo juzgamos que actuen a conciencia. Estos han récurrido al ultimo medio de exposici6n denunciando ante el gobierno y a su manera cl propésito de nuestra organizacién y su magno movimiento. 2 7 . La actitud de estos traidores de Ja raza no nos'perturba por un solo instante. Lo que ellos esperan realizar con su politica malsana, en contra de un movimiento que tiende a protejer los intereses de los cuatrocientos millones de Negros esparcidos por el universo, es imposible imaginar. Si tuvicran poder suficiente para causar algun dajje-ea Asociacién Universal para el Adelanto.de la Raza Negra, esc mismo daio recaeria sobre ellos, impuesto por las mismas agencizs que ellos utilizan para destruir el gran ideal que a toda costa estamos dispucsto a defender, revestidos con el podcroso espiritu de determinaci6n.. Una vez mas hemos de demostrar al mundo que la Asociacién Universal para cl Adelanto de la Raza Negra es exclusiva en sus principios; su tinica coneccién es aquclla por medio de la cual ha de hacer de nuestra raza un pueblo libre ¢ independiente en su madre patria, el con- tinente*africano, Para la realizacién de este propésito Nuestra organizacian no tendra la necesidad de recurrir ni adhcrirse a ninguaa sexta u organizacién: existente,. sino por medio de su exclusivo esfuerzo. ee Est politica de intrigas y de destruccién-de parte de los clementos de nuestra propia raza en contra del propésito de la Asociacién Universal para el Adelarito de Ja Raza Negra y especialmente en contra de su presidente cl Hon. Marcus Garvey, nos trae a la mente al proceder de los hebreos con su conciudadano y salvador el Cristo. Ellps odiaban al hombre Ilamado Jestis por cl mero hecho de como cllos ser hebreo y por tal circunstancia no tener privilegio especial alguno. Por cela y envidia Ie per- siguicron hasta conseguir finalmente privar al humilde nazareno del sagrado.dérecho a la vida. Estos enemigos del salvador estaban compenetrados de no tener poder suficiente para intervenir en las practicas de aquel regenerador de la humanidad y resolvieron finat- menie denunciarle dite Jas autoridades romanas, para que éstas hicicran Io que ellos como hebreos no podiar realizar. E1 gobierno romano y sus jucces en particular trataron de demostrar al puebla que el Cristo no habia cometido crimen alguno recomendando su libertad. Los hebreos-hubieran heclios cualquier otro arreglo antes de devolver al santo varon a Ja tranquilidad y para satisfaccién de aquel instinto| inhumano el Cristo fue crucificado. | Nuestros cnemigos repitiendo las practicas de aquellos antiguos extermthadores y sin poder como Negros para injuriar, recurren,a Ia majestad del gobierno de este pais pata quic sus autoridades federales hagan lo que ellos por si sole no han podido hacer. Los%hebreos sintieron mayor grado de disgusto al notar que despues de Ia crucificacién de Jestis, su doctrina tomo mayor incremento extendiendose por todo el universo, Ellos inconcfentemente plantaron la fundacion yniversal de la doctrina cristiana y los elementos de nuestra raza, enemigos de nuestra organizacién, del miSmo modo harén. mas prepotente el nico’ de los movimientos, por medio del -cual,la raza en general -ha de adquirir su--absoluta emancipacién.- La Asaciacién Universal para el Adelanto de la Raza Negra y suhonorable presidente estan actualmente some-| tidos a la’mayor de las pruebas ante las autoridades de este pats, labor malévola de nuestro’ enemigos. Los grandes ideales, los grandes principos, las, grandes verda: des nunca mueren; solamente mueren las individualidades. E1.Cristo murié, Mahoma murié, pero ta humanidad ‘no. pudo destruir el- ideal de cue dacteimace Onn tel Medidas de la Ocupacién Norteamericana en Haiti El gobierno de la ocupacién norte- americana en Haiti ha adoptado las medidas siguientes : Centralizacién del contrador en Ia oficina del alto comisionado norte- americano sobre_todos los_repre- sentantes de los Estados Unidos en It isla. “ Completa publicidad a Ia misin de los Estados Unidos en Haiti por medio de Ia prensa haitiana y por los discursos'de los funcionarios. Inculeacién al pueblo del deseo de los Estados Unidos de levantar cl nivel de la masa pobre y analfabeta de Haiti, que afecta a un noventa y cinco por ciento de su poblacién de dos tllones y medio de habitantes, Necesidad de que todas las fracio- nes laboren de acuerdo para pro- pender por todos los medios a la reconstruccién nacional, Formacién de una comisién de reclamaciones para que, de acuerdo con el gobicrne de. Liat! solusione todas las pendientes contra la na- cidn, Las Aspiraciones del Pueblo de Puerto Rico - | En un banquete dado al secretario de guerra en San Juan el dia 2 de mayo, los puertorriquefios tuvieron una oportunidad de expresarle sus deseos. Como su representante. presentaron al elocuente jefe del partido republicano, senador Tous Soto. Kué no sdlo elocuente sino habil. En la preparacién de su dis- curso debe haber tenido la ayuda de sagaces politics. Defendié una organizacion territorial. como paso hacia la categoria de estado. Sensa- samente se prohibio presentar la cuestin de independencia. El sena- dor Soto empezo teproduciendo las alabras del discurso del-presidente Harding en el descubrimiento de la estatua de-Bolivar en Central Park, vemos en nuestros estados hispano- americanos el mejor “agente para ayudar a las Americas y entenderse entre si, y pregun{o resueltamente cémo podria Puerto Rico producir una inteligencia entre las, Américas si no podemos Hlegar a una inteli- gencia entre nosotros. El senador Soto recordé a los invitados ameri- canos que Ia ciudadania se habia’ concedido @ los puertorriquefios en 1917, pero que se negaba todavia el. gobierno territorial. Agrego: El gobernador Towner en su-dis- curso de toma de posesién, afirmé- nos que éramos parte integrante-de la nacién, y anteriormente a. esto, hablando en nombre de la nacion. nos llamé came de’ nuestra carne. sangre de nuestra sangre, _Y a Noso- | tros-nos agradaria creer al hombre MADAM IDA B. JEFFERSON, EVANGELIST OF THE TENTH EPISCOPAL DISTRICT.A. M. E. CHURCH, NORTH TEXAS - A Healer of Great Power Fiery man and woman ought 1a:seek this wandedal tide She cen tall you many things that will put you te wend giz, She cain bring tangted praing to the light of hopeful sen= pede bility and bring rest to your troubled mind. Her medicines cam ‘ reach any disease you were no! i orn with. In fact, she ean Ines” + y any digeane in the human boty * H without you triling her anything =H about your illness, and can tell i 7 C your complaint by your writing I to her wen cthers fa. Wyte her and she eill-give you full Be » ff ¢ talla of your discane. She has din. . AMEE | covered a great medicine tht i 3 | rently, cares stomach dinenr Fag Troneb “cans inignstca macs + a possesses are? an Hl Ay fro. birth and fa one sc the r greatest lierrised preachers of the a age, She han a suvernatiera} itt an God bas civen Le. power: heal a and lend her opie. Shah «= See): covered a wonderful hair visor sad a inet preventeciscdrare sans ke - gg falling aid gives new life:and growth. Meg pressing off fx wen Sg Gerful, fer tien blewch remove blackheads, sunlit a's eves tf 1 reautitul complexion. Her pile oa | - salves reach the worst cases. Her = Iniment 43 goed for stif joint. - - rheumatism, toothache and all pains. Agente wanted. Orders promptly Aled. Lessons are given through millon how to treat the hair. Dinlomax iver at the end of the course. Also recipen of Ingredienta, Price of course {9 $36.00: For all information’ concerning business matters; excent alckness. send $2.00. Letiare answored promptly. Send ten-centa in stampa for reply to all requeate for consultation or information. Address: MADAM IDA B: JEFFERSON BOX 648 .LONGVIEW, TEX. sé “hy sutan ith 1 heumation, Gout, Seletion, Nouratae Pain and.discases ” SCHAPIRA’S -ANTIDOL 7 * ns Da EE tt A Sah MAG HE nyt attr. Tey Hye . Price, $1.00 Per Bottle; § Bottles, $5.00 * 00 Per Bottle; 6 Bottles, 38 _ WILLIAM SCHAPIRA MANUFACTURING CHEMIST - 182 First Avenue, (Corner lith Street, New York City OM Ter ee al eee gmara de representantes de le Bate roe palabras estén de acuerdo com nuea- tros sentimientos y nuestras aspire ciones. Eee 2 Ng obstante la imagen de carne de-ntlesire carve y sangre de mubs- tra sangre en el discurso deberia significar, segim él senador Tous Soto, un programa de gobierno pro- pio sin mas dil s. Por qué nd un regalo de ycuas que fuera Ia clase de goblerno'que goza Alas- Ka como un primer paso? Y des- puss, con lo que denomind fraqueza feastctane, el orador puertorriqueito tuvo este gestoz | Hablando por mi Battido; puede decirse que, si creyérames que el estar separados del continente por el mar y nuestra diferencia de raza constituyera una barrera invencible ‘al reconocimiento de nuestra sobé. ranfa dentro de la Unién, aspiraria- mos a obtenerla fuera de la Unidn, siguiendo el ejemplo de los pueblos emancipados de nuestra habla. El-senagge, Soto did aviso de que cuando iadicgacion puertorriqueiia ‘vaya a la convencion del partido re- publicano el aiio préximo, solicitard qué se adopte en la plataforma la concesion de la categoria de estado, como fos demécratas la incluyeron en su plataforma en San Francisco en 1920. Habéis concedido , Puer- to Rico, declaré,.la ciudadania, pero contra ‘toda logica, no "nos habéis prometido nada a nosotros, - =: Se esperaba que el sccretario Weeks declarase algo'grato para sus anfitriones y lo hizo en el sentido estadistco, Habia habido un enorme aumento en el comercio de Puerto Rico; las exportaciones habian au- ‘mentadd diecisiete veces y las im- Portaciones diez: veces y media en un periodo de veinte aiios. EI anal- fabetismo habia sido reducido de 89 a 50 por ciento: el tipo de morta}i- dad de 42a 22 por ciento. 1a buena ‘obra debe continuarse. 11 capital debe ser,atraido al desarrollo de Jas industrias, en forma que las con- signaciones para escuclas y salibri- dad sean atiacuadas.' Deberéis em- plear hasta lo iiltimo vuestros es- fuerzos para mejorar vuestra situa- cién (en analfabetismo) encarecid Mr. Weeks. Y entonces llegé lo que su auditorio de nativos espe- raba: No me propongo hacer ninguna Pramesa implicita en lo relacionado a la calidad de estado. No tengo autoridad para hacer tal promesu, pero ciertamente esa situaciin no puede ser estudiada faverablemente hasta que exista un cucticiente mayor de alfabetos cn Puerto Rico. EI secretario Weeks no menciond la organizacion {erritorial, el regalo de pascuia que habia solicitado el senador Solo. Los pucrtoriiquefias, a_propésito, afirman tener -un co- cficiente mayor de literatismo que el de 50 por ciento, Hse cocticiente se eleva por aiios, Ciertamente que tienen derecho a una declaracin sobre el grado de cultura que les es necesario para obtener nis gobierno propio. ;Va a ser cl 60, el 70 por ciento, 6 cuil? Los jefes pucrto- rriquefios habian experado algo mis del secretario Weeks. Pero el di- rector de El ‘Tiempo’ no. quedé chasqueado. Afirms a sus lectores al dia siguiente que el hombre a quien habia que cultivar eva ef: juez ‘Towner: Tenemos que decir x Ia Vieja Guardia: sed pacientes. tene- mos tn-amigo en palacio. ee ee os + 5 Fizpo Vite, Goo, Bambe a] Wderengien Com oo om "| yemeree:: pons Luis" Auge. “Fiepo, que: tastes} “PARA SER MIRSERRG iriuntos be Scelatten team en “i Raker “UN] Woe. Hates Usidés, y considerade}. PARA .EL “ADELA! actugimente comp uno de-les més} LA RAZA NEG peligrosss aspirantes al campecmato} Con le cantided de neseny mundial que ostenta jate Dempsey, | vos ($0.60) todo elemento salié para Cuba; en donde celebrard | tra rane sponds see_ sea ‘un encuentro a principios del. mes|“Asociacién Universal pars de junio. Firpo ‘después de su/lanto de la Raza Negra” match en la capital cubana’ saldra| suma ineluye ‘cuota de probablemgfe para Méjico, en. doi- | veinte y cinco centayés (| ‘de ha de celebrar también-un en-| pago del primer mes, treint cuentro con Jim Hobard, boxeador | centavos ($0.35) come-mie americano de gran peso. Todo miembro debe ser ———— [de una -Constitucién, 0.1 En Pro del Gobierno Propio| Leyes de !s Organizacién.( LEU gobernador ~de -Vilipinas: se siente sacudido de emocion por el hecho .de que los. filipinos que el austeramente pastorea estiin act diendo a la propaganda para obtener al gobierno propio nacional. > areceria que los filipinas tuvic- ran tan buen derecho a hacerlo como el noventa y ocho por ciento de to- das lag naciones, que estin dindoles el ejemplo. En especial, no les causa a ellos ningiin perjuicio, y_prede causar beneficin, cuando solicitah de los Lstados Unidos que contintion el cumplimients ticl de todas. Iss promesiis, expresay 6 implicitas que se les hicieron en nombre de la nacion. . : Comoquiera qite ella sea, el gene: ral Woodase metie’en un enredy al escribir que miembros de ta camara ¥ otras personalidades prominentes de Washington hahisn recibido lio- norarios de la comisiGn de kt inde- pendencia filipina por. apovar iy causa de la independencia del archi. piélago ascendiende eu -algunos casos Ia suma pagada. Eb itil zamgano de los. centros po: liticos representante Frear de Wis: consin, indica que tales acusaciones Reneraies can indeterminadamente sobre noventia y seis senaderss y euatrocientos treinta y cinco repre: sentantes y demanda que Wood ex culpe a los inacentes nombrando i os cttlpables. Lat comision geusada ofrece desde Manila abrir sus libros coh tal objeto. . La demaida es justia, Deberia ser posible que us hombre puitico abogara porque lox Estados Unidos mantuvieran su palabra sin ser soy- pechado de recibir subvenciones. De todos modes, intima conypla- cientemente Mr. Frear, ta acusacién viene en form piova conveniente de parte de un hombre pure fomentay cuyas aspiraciones — presidenciate: tina comisiin det senado descubris que habian sidy recolectados mas de ‘én millon de pesos. Norteamericanos Asisten a Festival de Méjico Tos representintes amerivands en Méjico fueron huespedes de hones del aleatde de La vieldbeen ef fest. val que se celebree cl picsady de mings, Una mmultitud de mas ds dase jest tag mil personas destiie par detante de Ia mesa presidencial donde se en contraban los referides representan tes ¥ artistioas eartysas de fete engalanahan cl covieiy con ane ba poblacivn de la cindad acege sien pre la estacion pritsiveradl FOOT TROUBLES RELIEVED DR. SEALY, PODIATRIST TOA FULTON STHHIT. |. MOUNDS Perens Cord EQLASITOR_ NBORSARIOG Ba Sid SONIVEREAT PARA BL ADELANTO DE Coa he cantided de vesenta conta- vos ($0.60) todo elemento de nuse- tra. Fane puede set_miemhee ala “Asociacién Universal para el Ade- lanto de la Raza Negra”. Eta suma incluye ‘cuota de entradz, veinte y cinco centavds ($0.25) y ‘pago del primer mes, treinta y cinco Eemtavos'(90.98) come miembro, Todo miembro debe ser provisto de una -Constitucién, o.Libro de Leyes de la Organizaci6n. (valor 25 cares} y una insignia -(valor 15 centavos), Fe casas Si hubiera en ia villa, puédio o ciudad donde Ud. viet owe Di, vision Autorizada de esta Asocia- cién, haga su aplicacién en ella; en caso.contrario, mande su‘aplicacion al Cuerpo Directivo de la Asocia- cin: remitiendo .la cantidad de un dolar ($1.00). Al recibo de esta cantidad le sera enyiado por corred los articulos antes mencionados, con un ‘Certificade como miembro de la Asociacion. La aplicacién debe ser dirigida a: - a ‘Sr. Seepetarios Olicias General del Cuerpo Directivo, ~ Universal Negto Improvement Association, 56, West 135th Street, New York City, N.Y. + AconseJamos a aquellos que en- vien sus cuiotas al Cuerpo Directivo lo hagan anual, semi-annual o cada tres meses, para evitar la constante | sfasmision de la Tarjeta a esta ofi- jgina todos los meses. -! -APORTE SU OBOLO.PARA EI- GRAN MOVIMIENTO DE TO- DAS LAS. RPOCAS POR “LA REDENCION DE AFRICA ¥ EL ADELANTO DEL NEGRO EN TODAS PARTES. ANUNCIOS ANE: Ag gS Gata: Sapte! cte 30 as a ovens Cron Payras” PSSA wae See Batt, Sagrnstet aoeagas 2oiiccan ga eae wee Seietee chant aaare nen An ae a PIMMERAR ME dal" gona" ccaean ae wee Pane terntes ease bnstoncey seca Alber ware Compre los discos para fondgra- fos de la U, N. I. A. por artistas de ta raza, a precins reducidos. En- viamos érdenes a todas partes me- diante pago por adelantado. Agentes cn los Estados Unidos, $8-06-pror—docena, hms pa stus—the ficte. - = Agentes en el extranjero. $10.00 por docen:t, mas gastos de sellos. Discos por correo, $1.00 cada uno mas pastes de sellos. . Precio en nuestra oficina, $0.90 sola mmo, 56 West 135th Street New York City, N. Y. easel (One Se. | EEO RD IF U DON'T C constr DR. KAPLAN . | The Eyesight Specialist RELIABLE ANU REASONABLE y EvES EXAMINED FREE 531 LENOX AVENUE NEW YORK Uppnaiie: Harter eapnes REMOVED REGISTERED CHIROPODIST Nether inlore the Nerves, Phone: Acd 415, 107 W. tAtat St. (een | THE ONLY KEY Sillatdana’ Siivion" ne” stamusea "Ration? Ecetngltha'a tec anaTwiil bein demant Pm ty Netstiath tine of ihe ES W. S. & J. 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IN BUSINESS RIGHT eee free Slee ee vee rereg UNO omens SmRICM [eeenn fe Aba cl tae ween LE ; Rae ag . BY ae io Legros be he Ki preemie agrees bus See Pearghte retin ce py rtd taptog ts by 118 Seer rs 1 have returned . sekan Man Saseee Supt dnes aa Ee PA A akc wate Pancha a soes Pea ae faating Lfeetanene ot Hea ane ig snsunnes wits wenere hae SSR at mark Man Tani maining Geet ebreaat a pecteh Bit Waker ee Weed tease PAUILCNS®, on #82, WeIi8, Prwoktam, Mass, Eristelanst aor eoleegnise iesteree snes te: sheet simples itt gdore, wee ae sei cine ee ee eons ihya,eetiermnts Seensee ase Oe eseeng eee OT Faseconkt a tos wee ise, Sa 8 Learn while you earn, and what. you ‘earn will make you independ- ently rich. ‘Today begin your Independent richners. en ingarmation Bow woo 1 wt: A. A. STEPHENS 715 Center Street Oakland, California _—~ BEREAN eR Pee I Eer hadnt ae carton EO eens ah Meet ar pe has? BEE wali baie sat Eaters Gp UNLUCKY? Fo a Brat aha aot = ee ep ance nes ha ae it Soae pet ani ana, pent, w, unis eit one te, ROY Sa Someta aie NOTICE May 11, 1928 The reelateret Cable Address SENIMERO" ge SUNTNIMPROS New Yeuk, of tne Universal Nagro Imprave- ment Assvetation, Ine. 62-64-66 West ARsth Strnt, Naw York City, Us S.A. hun heey" changed to ‘read ne CUNIVNEGIMPS New York. * Lady or gaitieman tn travel and represent wate ETE NS Fen ve een ase rgipae Ser Beene a804, aaa Wane ssi \uinser ty avery Negea locality: eset COMMIERCTAT: TRATION \ iS Ne NER ERRIRD By ple mete sot ah ab CONN RS Saedion toe Se AMM PPS SET Sane eit EO Roane ers Sab WS RE MALE WELP PACISLAY wietreks / AND ACTORS Testi, Witte “PieUD A@EN nt how an pettorn SieMoaw Buea Fece ALe a dadaitn, Ppsatiin isn Fava HS Wea WASTED <r en f= onal for aaa ite ter’ and train partare, uneroong on: Feeead RaReT RU We MISCENLANEOUS WHY hove kinky. unruly hale when “Me Weel yi ate RRT! SARE te SAR eT HE AR eh, eee inate Fe artgiea, mie WEST RARR Gttnall Theale hiya Rew sor. 7 * “yore OFFOREDTE 1, nue A UERONRERY gaserce Ofte Cenligy aes AD, BONE alle Pa ee ae Ce ee Tyee ia te bay, olay ape Ra ediie, “etintan kts “Winches Sith rine Sista RING Co, HE Pole weese JERR Emcee " TW trgom, on iaThage BTR: Trans died cash iauieta® Be tars: Unne whita me PRED Tah, Moke were, Waters : usr TEP PORNIsHan, ROOMLeEOS we fhe Tere ante ora STE gos tits” apeTth tetera ee Soe! ty. cali: evenings aire Pe Se CORRE aah athe eatin ort ge SEIT a ANE cea Noo oe ee ea E PROCEEDINGS AGAINST MINUS CHARLES, WHO WAS ARRESTED IN THE COURT BUILDING AND CHARGED WITH CONTEMPT OF COURT IN THREATENING TWO WITNESSES, IT WAS ALLEGED, FOR THE PROSECUTION All Members of the Organization Are Urged to Refrain From Saying or Doing Anything That Will Prejudice the Fair Trial of the Case by the Jury Minus Charles was arrested in the corridor of the court building on Thursday, and taken before Judge Mack and charged with contempt of court for intimidating a witness. Assistant District Attorney Mattucks prosecuted and accused was defended by Counsellor Matthews. Captain Mulzac was called as a witness and was examined as follows: Prosecutor—Are you a witness in this action against Marcus Garvey, and subpoenaed as a witness?—Yes. Were you standing this morning in the corridor in the old Post Office Building on the third floor?—Yes. Will you tell us what took place in reference to Minus Charles?—The defendant came up to us and asked any one who testified against Marcus Garvey he would get him as long as he lived. What was present?—Sidney de Bourz. Cross-examination by Counsellor Matthews: Where were you standing?—Outside the door. And there were quite a number of people? All the people who were here in the court room?—Before that. Before the court adjourned?—Yes. How many people were standing there?—Some here and some there. You were separate from the rest of the people?—Yes. He detached himself from the rest of the people and came over to you?—Yes. Now, captain, you realize this is a very serious charge, and I want to ask you to stand up and be sure that this is the man who said it?—The very man (after looking at defendant). Are you quite sure?—Quite sure. Did you ever see this man before?—I think I did. Where?—Somewhere in Harlem. Had any talk with him?—No. You know nothing except what happened today?—No. How soon after he made the all leged remarks did you point him out? Four or five minutes. And you were positive that the man you picked out was the man who came up and told this to you. Yes. Sidney De Bourg war the next witness, and he gave evidence as follows: Press—Are you under subpoena in the indictment of the United States against Marcus Garvey and others? Yes. Were you standing in the corridor in the old Post office building on the third floor on the morning of April 27th, was What did he say? He asked me whether I was against Mr. Garvey. I asked him what he meant. He said: "Are you a witness?" I said: "A witness of truth." Then he said: If any man went into Count and did for Mr. Garvey he was willing to do for him even if it meant his death. I told him not to do that, he would get himself in trouble. He said: "I know Mr. Be OLD MEN ARE BEING MADE "YOUNG" AGAIN Science Finds a Way to Restore Youthful Vigor to the Aged Without An Operation A way to restore youthful vigor to aged persons, without an operation on dangerous drugs, has been discovered, by scientists. The new discovery is a simple, safe tablet preparation known as korex, which can be used by anybody at home, without the advice of a doctor, and which has achieved results in almost miraculous. For instance, a New Orleans man more than 60 years old, makes this report: "I feel so good from the effects of the korex treatment that I would not take it," he said. "I have brought me back to as good, healthy physical condition as I enjoyed at 35, my eyesight is better than for years." "A man in Chattanooga, Tenn. writes: 'I have given korex a thorough trial and have achieved results. I feel like a 16-year-old boy.'" A citizen of Charleston, S. C., says, "My tongue is not able to utter the praise korex should receive. It is a godsend to suffering humanity. I feel was 25, and yet I am 57. Thousands and thousands have made, many of them by women, who praise the discovery highly. Hundreds who have tested the treatment testify that its effects are felt quickly, sometimes within twenty-four hours. Distribution of the genuine korex treatment is controlled exclusively by the Melton bldg. Kansas City, Mo. These laboratories have fixed a fair price of only $2 on a special double-stitch treatment prepared for home use. The treatment will be sent in a plain, sealed wrapper to anybody who writes for it. It should send with their orders, or should be $2 when the parcel is delivered, but the laboratories, which are nationally known and thoroughly reliable, will refund the $2 if the korex falls to produce results within a week. The supply of korex in America is limited, to those of $2000 write to the labor: Bourg very well, but he better know me." Cross-examination by Counsellor Matthews: Now, Mr. De Bourg, you were standing with Captain Mulzac and near each other? Yes. And were you two detached at any time when this man was talking? No. Was all he said to you said to the two of you talking together? He spoke particularly to me. Was anybody else near when he said this to you and Captain Mulzac? There was a small gathering. There was nobody in the immediate vicinity? Except another man. He also spoke about Mr. Garvey doing something. Are you quite sure this is the man? I am positive. Have you ever seen him before today? No. Never had any talk before today? Never before. Evidence of the Marshal Deputy Marshal Davis was the next witness. He gave evidence as follows: Pross.-Did you see this defendant? Not before today. I mean today. What time? Shortly after the Court began sitting. Was he pointed out to you? Yes, by Mulzae. What did you do? I had a man with me. There were three of us and the Captain touched this man on the arm and pointed him out to me. What did you do? Brought him into the Court. As he reached the defendant's table, Garvey and some others were there. He stretched his hand out and said: "Mr. Garvey," And Mr. Garvey was surprised and shocked his head. Cross-examination by Councillor Matthews: It was after the court was adjourned Mulzae asked you? Yes. You have never seen this man before? No. You didn't hear anything yourself No. Simply on the complaint of Captain Mutzac Defendant Gives Evidence The defendant, Charles, was then put on the witness stand. Defendant said he lived at 209 West Sixty-third street. Counsellor Matthews: What do you do for a living? I work in the subway station as a porter. How long have you been working there? From February, 1920. And you were in the courthouse today and prior to the adjournment of court? Yes, sir; I was standing in the hall. Did you have any talk with anybody, Captain Murkay, for instance? No, sir. With Me, De Houg? You heard the gentlemen say what you said. Did you make any such remarks to them? No, sir. From the time I came into the hall I stood there, myself and Pinto from Harlem. He asked me how the case was going on. Were you at any time alone in the corridor just prior to the adjournment of court? No, I was not alone. I was in court. Did you at any time detach your self from the crowd and go to where those two gentlemen were standing? No, sir. Pinto said "Come on." I saw a big rush and they came and grabbed me. Just before the court adjourned, war Pinto with you at that time? We were standing together. Do you know Be being? Yes, sir. Prosecutor Gross-examining? Do you know Mr. Garvey, Yes, sir. Do you know him very well? From the time I left the war, 1915. You are not Mr. Garvey's bodyguard, me you? No, sir. Ever went around with Mr. Garvey? No, sir. Ever talked with him? No, sir. But you tried to shake his hand? I raised my hand and Mr. Garvey asked me what is the matter, Mr. Garvey as soon as he saw me asked me what is my name. Did you motion to him? No, slr. The Court: What are you doing here? Today is my regular day off. We get one day off every mouth, and I come down to City Hall to see about some papers, and in my passing I heard Mr. Garvey's case was coming off and I come in. Today is the first time I come into this building. I do not know about this case. I came from City Hall straightaway. I work every day, slr. I never threatened. I had five wounds in the war, shot and gassed. That man who stand up and speak he is not speaking the truth. Some men, your Honor, don't like you, and lie on you. I serve over three years and six months and get shot for the cause of my country, and I would never get, myself in trouble, up to today this gentleman come and frame me up. I never opened my mouth from the time I stand up there. Do you think I am crazy? From the morning I never say a word to anybody from the time I came to this court until the gentleman come to me and asked me how the case going on. I could have get killed. I don't know what I come here for. I come here and get frame up. Are you interested in this case?— Since I heard it was a case of Negro persecution I came and listened to this case. I came to hear this case for myself. I do not like to hear what somebody say. I want to hear myself. Perhaps this is my luck today. This is the first time I got into trouble. I wish you will take this into consideration and see it is a frameup. Are you a member?—I am a member of the U. N. I. A. Are you active as a member?—Yes, sir. Attend all meetings?—Only Sunday nights. Ever talked with Mr. Garvey?—No, sir. How did you come to hear of them? Which one?—Mulzae. What did you hear about him?—I hear he is Captain Mulzae, that is all. I surprised when he stand up and tell a lie upon me. (To Captain Mulzae): Are you positive in your identification of this man?—That is the very man. Defendant: Where were you standing when you say I used that word?—Just within a foot. You came right up to us. No one called you. Did Mr. De Bourg say anything to me?—You and De Bourg were speaking about Garvey and witnesses. You asked Mr. De Bourg who was he against and he said against nobody. And you said anybody who came here and testify against Garvey you would get them as long as you lived. I took my mouth and said that?—Yes. I start the argument?—Yes. Did you take down the time?—Five minutes before the court adjourned. As soon as the court adjourned I pointed you out. After I left you where I go?—In the crowd. Was I rinking?—No. You ever seen him before? Yes. Where? In Harlem. What part of Harlem? night or day? Daytime. Never go to Harlem during the day. We go at night, and that gentleman day he see in Harlem in the day. Mr. Matthews: You say Pinto was with you all the time you were out there? Yes. Your Home, may I have Pinto? Yes, call Pinto. Mr. Pinto then was put on the witness stand. Mr. Matthews: Do you know the defendant, Charles? Yes. Were you talking to him any part of today? Just before the court adjourned. I was standing sole him. Did he at any time leave you and go and talk to Captain Mulzac and Mr. Bong? No. We were all, standing together. Were you standing together when he was arrested? No. When the court adjourned I said I was baskup, and I heard, ... Up to that time how many minutes before were you standing together? About five to seven minutes. Near the data? Yes. How many people were there? About eighty people. Didn't you see Captain Mulzae or Mr. De Bourg at that time? Yes. Where were they in reference to where you were standing? Leaning against the wall. On the opposite side of the corridor? Yes. How many feet away from you? About three feet. And during that time you didn't hear this man say anything at all to them? I did not know he was speaking, but I thought somebody else was speaking, saying "Get out of Trinidad, and out of Grenada." The Court: Whom did you hear say that? I heard the defendant, Charles, say that. Did you hear the defendant say that? No, a voice in the crowd, saying "Get out of Trinidad." Oh, you heard a voice in the crowd, saying no. You did not hear whose voice it was? No. You would not say whose voice it was? No. THE DEFENDANT SECTENCCD Passing sentence, his Honor said: I find the defendant guilty of contempt of court. I have no question as to the recognition or identity of this man. Mr. Matthews: I think the identification far from positive. It seems absolutely out of reason and absolutely foolish on the part of the defendant making such a statement. The Court: I allowed this defendant to give personal examination because my long experience has convinced me that in the way you convict people. If I had any doubts about the identification, I had none when he finished. I hold him in criminal contempt. I will order him to go to the Grand Jury for obstructing justice. This is separate criminal offense. Mr. Matthews: I do not think this man said anything to intimidate. If he did so I think what happened was from over excitability; people of his Marcus Garvey and Principles of the U. N. I. A. Are Now on Trial type seem to be in at this particular time over this particular matter. I do not believe he had really any intention to put any of these witnesses in fear of testifying. He is a working man, never was around here before and this in his first day here, and, unfortunately, he talked a little too much. The last witness said, whatever was said was said in the crowd by somebody. The Court: What this witness said was said in the crowd was an entirely different thing to what the witnesses testified to. Mr. Matthews: I hope your honor will take into consideration — The Court: I will take into consideration his statement, though I believe he lied in other respects—that he was wounded five times and gassed in the war. Prosecutor: May I interrupt to say this is not the first instance. If anything has got the prosecution up in the air it is the intimidation. Witnesses have given us definite evidence of intimidation. Captain Cockburn, on the stand himself, made a statement to one man he would not be intimidated. We told him if he saw the person to let us know. It has happened before. I do not want it to happen again. I will ask your honor to deal summarily, promptly and effectively with this particular defendant, otherwise this case cannot go on. Counselor Johnson: In responding to this statement by the attorney, we are here in a very embarrassing kind of a way. My client has not tried to obstruct this trial, but it does seem to me to submit to the court if the prosecuting attorney is going to use the charge of Captain Cockburn it should be brought here in this court and the threat should be threshed out. The Court: I understand the proseculing attorney has pointed out that every witness brought the same complaint to him that he had been threatened. Mr. Johnson: I will state to the court in all frankness if such a thing was brought to my attention that my client was part and parcel of it I should ask (Continued from page 8) owners or prospective stock owners we should treat them. I told you that? You certainly did. Captain, did Marcus Garvey tell you to treat stock holders and these interested in the Black Star Line or anything touching the Black Star Line with whiskey and champagne? Yes or No? No. Captain, did you send to the President of Cuba, cases of liquor from the ship Tarmouth as a gift without invitation? Yes or No? I sent him a few bottles. Did your manifest from New York to take a cargo of liquor call for your taking it from New York to Havana, and from Havana to Jamaica, B. W. I, Yes or No? No. On the trip that the Yarmouth made with the cargo of liquor, destination being Havana, and eventually Jamaica did you sell at Jamaica ashera at Morpent Point, or Point Morant, or Kingston, any of the consigned cargo you took out from New York? Yes or No? Your Honor, that needs an explanation. Yes. Judge: Explain. (Exception by Mr. Garvey). The witness explained. And were you drunk at any time of that trip from New York to Havana to Jamaica, to Panama, Boca-del-Toro, Jamaica back to Havana, back to New York, Boston, Philadelphia? Yes or No? That is my business. When you left New York the first time with the cargo of whiskey, had you any arrangements with anybody, with sug boat, lighters, or small sailing craft, or with scamnet that you would be at a certain point away from New York? Yes or No? No. Did you throw whiskey overboard outside of the Port of New York after you sailed on that eventful day? Yes, but I can explain my answer. Mattucks: Make your explanation. I had to return with the ship to New York and made my protest to the Customs and the British Consul if there was any damage to the cargo which was no fault of mine, and no fault of the company. Are you defending the company? Yes or no? I have defended the company. What became of the whiskey that was thrown overboard (Objection by Mattucks as to any further questioning on that point. Sustained. Exception by Mr. Garvey). You said you had the ship standing by? (Objection by Mattucks-sustained. Exception by Mr. Garvey.) Judge: Letus get down to the cause of the trial. Did your ship Yarmouth return to New York under her own steam? (Objective by Mattucks as being already answered four times—sustained, Exception my Mr. Garvey.) Mr. Garvey: Can I question the character of the witness? Judge: As to truth and veracity. That is the only question involved in this issue. Mr. Garvey: General character. You said that you were appointed Captain on the West Coast of Africa? I did. And that you took active command of a ship immediately? Captain, do you know one Captain Peter Benjamin? (Objection by Mat-tucks.) Judge: How, by bringing the Captain on the stand and Garvey: By introducing testimony. Judge: You can prove that this man is not telling the truth when your case is called, prove his reputation or so forth. It does not make any difference whether he knows this man or not. Let us go on. If that man comes on the stand and swears that he is the man that would not help. Mr. Garvey: I show a copy of the this court to excuse me from appearing. The Court. There is no charge that any of the defendants are actively or knowingly connected, with this thing. I am not dealing with this case or the theory that the defendants are connected with it. I am dealing with it on the theory that there is a great deal of feeling, around in this case, and I can understand the feeling of this main as an earnest partisan, but I can not excuse any partisanism other now or hence, when he carries his earnestness to the extent of intimidating a witness, thereby both obstructing the course of justice and putting himself in contempt of court. As I said before, I have no doubt whatever as to the identity of this defendant. Two witnesses gave evidence of threats made. I must take into consideration, in the punishment to be visited upon him any further attempts to obstruct justice by intimidating witnesses or otherwise in this case. I, therefore, sentence you to a term of six months' imprisonment. The defendant here approached the bench and showed the judge a pocket book proving his statement that he was employed regularly and making a moving plea for lenency. He said he had a mother in Grenada whom he supported and he had a wife, whom he married on the 29th of August last year, and who was now five months enciente. The Court: Is your wife enciente? Yes, sir. The Court: When does she expect the child? Four months from now. I will never get into trouble again. The Court: I can not let you out without a jail sentence. In view of the condition of your wife, I will not keep you in for that period of time. If your wife is now with child, expects a child, I will sentence you to two months' imprisonment. Counselor Matthews appealing for a fine, the court said: I cannot visit a fine on him. Money can not compensate for this offense. I further hold him in $10,000 bail to go before the Grand Jury on the charge of obstructing justice. Negro World dated Saturday; November 29, (shown to Capt. Cockburn). You remember that paper? Yes. If I read a statement on a speech you made---- Judge: You mean a newspaper report of a speech made by him---- Mr. Garvey: I am asking you if you have any objection? Judge: Do you want to ask him if he said that? Let him read it and ask him whether he said that. Let him read it. Mr. Mattueks: And you want him to tell whether he said it. (Here Mr. Garvey read statement in the Negro World of the Cockburn speech.) Can you recall saying these words? Judge: In substance even if you did not say the whole of them? I did. Offered in evidence. Judge: He has already said it. There is nothing to offer in evidence the fact that it appears in the newspaper does not help any. Several statements are entered in the same way. Judge: Oh! they were your statements. Your honor, for the further proof of testing the truthfulness of the witness, may I ask him another question? Judge. Who is only The Captain's Property Captain, are you married to a white lady? No. You have your property in the name of your wife? All your property? Yes or no? (Objection by Mattucks.) Objection sustained. You bought considerable property after 1913, Captain? Yes or no? Yes. Did you buy all in your wife's name? Judge? I have already ruled that this is immaterial. Whether it is in his wife's name or not. Yesterday the claim against the Black Star Line by the Pan Union Company and George Nargue came up, and the defense was allowed until today to present the court a copy of the judgment. I present to the court a certified copy of the judgment and offer it in evidence with all papers attending on such judgment. (Judgment read in court.) May I have that document marked? May I ask another question? What salary did you receive from the Black Star Line? $400 monthly. Capt. Cockburn: Your honor, I had real estate before I met Mr. Garvey. Judge: I do not care what you had, you have already testified that you received $500. What time did you receive the first payment from the Black Star Line for salary? Sometimes in January, 1920. Yet you collected for from Sept. 19, 1919. The salary you collected in January was dated as from September, 1919. From the time of the contract. Can you explain to the court why the contract was made? It is absolutely necessary for a master of a ship to do so before entering the service. When was the contract made? Immediately before the ship sailed. It should have been made earlier, but it was done about the time the ship sailed. Now, captain, let me ask you this and I will be there. Is it a fact that you agreed with Mr. Garvey not to collect any salary from the company, and not to charge them anything until your ship was to sail, and you took active command of the ship, and you were doing that to show good interest and deep feeling for the Universat Negro Improvement Association and the Black Star Link, and the effort to have Negro peoples own ship? You were drawing salary yourself. Who told you that? The broker. Did you and Mr. Garvey have a Vigor of Youth, Health and Man Power May Be Restored Eminent German Scientist Tells of Magic Discovery for Restoring Youthful Health and Strength COMPLAINT DEPARTMENT Universal Negro Improvement Assn. NOTICE! NOTICE!! NOTICE!!! The President-General of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, on his tour of the nation, has been approached by hundreds of loyal members and well wishers of the Association in complaints, against the treatment they have received from several of the various departments of the Organization at headquarters, and from individual officers and employees at headquarters, as also against the conduct of certain Executive Officers whilst on the field. The President-General is grieved of the many complaints and hereby begs to announce that a Complaint Department is now established and attached to his office. All persons having complaints to make against any department officer or employe of the Organization will please write to COMPLAINT DEPARTMENT P. 8.-If you love the Organization and desire to see it improve its service to the race, then you will not fail to report any irregularity on the part of officials, officers and employees of the Organization, caring not whom the person be if he or she has done anything improper or unconstitutional, report it. If you have any complaints send them in now and don't wait until it is too late. talk about $600? No, sr. Did Amy Anwood Garvey borrow $600 from you—No, she asked me to loan her that amount. In what month? September, I think. What year? 1918. You swear to that? Yes. You realise that you are on oath? Yes, it was in September or October, 1918. Do you know what perjury is? I know. Quite conscious? Yes. Why did you offer to loan her? (Objection by Mattucks—sustained.) Cross-examination by Mr. Lincoln Johnson. Do you know Mr. Garcia? I do. At the time that you testified touching your activities with the Black Star Line in 1919 in the purchase of the Yarmouth was your contract or agreements for commissions with Harris McGill & Co. based on a percentage scale? It was. So by that you mean that if the boat was-sold for $100.00 you would get less commission than if she sold for $100? Quite so. It is quite customary when you are captain or master of a ship when carrying cargo that shipping officer gives a bonus or tip to the master to see that his cargo gets good treatment and speedy delivery? Yes, sir. Cross-examination by Attorney Iffall. Do you know Mr. Thompson? I do. You stated in your examination that when you took the Yarmouth to Jamaica you took along the vice-president, Mr. Thompson? No. In your cross-examination by Mr. Garvey you stated that just as soon as you left the service of the Black Star Line you were referred to Mr. Thompson with respect to your salary. Do you know what office Mr. Thompson held with the Black Star Line at that time? He was vice-president. Mr. Garvey: How do you know? You told me. And at that time were you in possession of any property? I was. Were you wealthy at that time? Judge: All this has been testified to. He said all these things already. Do you know whether or not the price of $165,000.00 was the first price offered for the Yarmouth? It was not. What was the price Mr. Garvey offered for the Yarmouth?? Mr. Johnson: If the court pleases, I do not know whether it will affect Mr. Garcia, but this seems to be an improvement of Mr. Mattucks of Mr. Cookburn's testimony. My understanding is that when Mr. Garvey wont down to the office of Harris McGill & Co. Mr. Harris offered the sale of that ship for $165,000.00. Do you know whether Mr. Garvey was concerned at that time with the first price of the cost of the boat, as much as the length of time it would take to pay for it? Judge: All that is gone over. Obligation by Mr. Johnson. Captain, you said that after you met Mr. Harris the offer was $165,000? Yes, sir. When and by whom was the offer of $175,000 made? The Broker Estrado and his associates. The broker offered it it $175,000? No. Mr. Garvey offered the broker $175,000 to see the owners of the locat. And you were present at that time? I was. Was the offer in writing? I have a copy, but I have not got the original. Objections here by Mr. Johnson to the testimony. Mattucks: It is all against Mr. Garvey, he has no objections. Papers shown to Mr. Garvey. Mr. Garvey: I see an unsigned sheet Every man or woman may now add many happy years to their lives and enjoy youthful health, strength and vigor. A discovery made by an eminent German scientist after many years of careful research and study is proclaimed OR OF AFRICAN BARK TREATMENT for restoring youthful vigor, health, strength and grace lost by pre-onset, neglect or abuse. 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What boat did you pilot? The Shady-side; a river boat. Mattucks: I will state for the benefit of the court that the Yarmouth was sold under various actions for libel in the sum of $1,600 some time in 1921; and the Shadyside, traveling that summer, was laid up for the winter, and has not subsequently been used. If you want me to call witness I will, but I can save time. Judge: Do the defendants desire proof as to the facts? Garvey: I have reached the point where I do not care for any objections. I object to nothing the District Attorney puts in. Mattucks: The Yarmouth was sold by the District of — — Judge: Do you want to prove it or will you take the statement for it? Mr. Lincoln Johnson: As to the defendant Garcia, yes. Garvey: Will the court note that I am objecting to nothing the District Attorney places on record? Judge: Mr. Garvey, you have a legal right to have everything proven by evidence if you so desire. 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