The Pioneer Press

The Pioneer Press. "HERE SHALL THE PRESS, THE PEOPLE'S RIGHTS MAINTAIN, UNAWED BY INFLUENCE AND UNBRIBED BY GAIN." Department of Archives, C W. Va. Miss Pankhurst Taken To Task Miss Pankhurst Taken To Task The incident connected with the visit of Miss Sylvia Pankhurst at Nashville at the invitation of the local suffrage association gives matter for rather shameful reflection. We read in the Record-Herald that when the Nashville Lesgue learned that Miss Pankhurst had also accepted an invitation to address the students of Fisk University the members were very indignant and "kept the wires hot between that city and New York until the latter engagement was called off." Miss Pankhurst is not the only woman suffragist of leading position who has shown that she is not so much an advocate of woman as of a particular kind of woman—the white woman. She has not yet learned that woman's rights have not a shadow of merit or meaning except as one phase of that much larger thing, human rights. When she is in Rome she does as the Romans do. She has not such broad comprehension of the cause she serves but that she can trim it to suit the requirements of the local committee. Miss Pankhurst may be a suffragist, but, if correctly reported, this action shows very plainly that she is not a democrat. One does not expect much of Americans in comprehensive understanding of democracy, but one could wish that our foreign visitors did not so quickly become inoculated with our peculiar vice—race prejudice. There are, however, a few minds here and in England who, with a quick instinct for justice and the absurdity of the situation, would have acted very differently. Miss Pankhurst might have chosen to take sides with the weakest, to teach American suffragists a needed lesson in human fellowship and the true meaning of those large claims they are making for womankind. Very likely she demurred and protested. We will give her the benefit of the suggestion. She is young; she was suddenly caught in the toils; she has time now for reflection and to ask herself how much real good she accomplished by her act of weak conformity to a mean and hateful prejudice. The question is continually asked. What will women do with the ballot when they get it? We may well ask ourselves. The present writer has been a suffragist for nearly fifty years, but would rather see the success of that cause delayed another fifty years than gained by time serving methods. Already in the fast growing popularity of our cause we have given the greater cause of democracy at large many a serious blow and backset. The social reformer who labors to uplift one class at the same time that she is holding another class down is lacking both in intelligent comprehension of her task and in true feeling. Fisk University will lose least of all in the matter. Its prestige and power of usefulness will undoubtedly prove as displeasing to the best southern sentiment as to the northern. Our popular young English cousin will find opportunity to correct the mistake if she has the wish ESTABISHED 1882 HALL THE PRESS, THE PEOPLE MARTINSBURG, W to do so — Celia Parker Wooley, in the Chicago Record Herald, March 2 1912. JESSE JAMES RELPED FIRST NEGRO SCHOOL IN MISSOURI The first Negro school in Missouri was founded in Kansae City by J. Mitton Turner in 1868. The school commissioners were ex Confederates and refused to appropriate a salary for him. Every Saturday night or so, he says, Jesse James, the celebrated bandit, rode over from Liberty, Mo., shot up Kansas City and robbed its citizen. Then he would gallop to the Negro school, discharge his pistols in the air and about: "Where's that nigger school teacher?" "I would go out in fear and trembling," Turner relates, and say: "Here I am, bose.' 'Haven't those commissioners done anything for you yet?' James would yell. And I would answer: "No boss." "Then I'll have to help you,' he would roar, and give me ten, fifteen or twenty dollars. But for Jesse James I could not have kept up the school." MINERS 30 YEAR REWARD EDWARD SONNELY, track layer in the Taylor mine, who lives in Minooka, Pa, is firmly convinced that it pays to befriend homeless boys, for his kind actions toward a friendless orphan thirty years ago have borne fruit, and the chances are that he will in a few days retire from the mines forever. Thirty years ago there appeared in Minooka a young Welsh boy by the name of Lewis. He secured employment in the Carr's Patch mine, but being the only Welsh boy in the community, his life was made miserable by his companions until Edward Donnelly came to his rescue. Donnelly constituted himself the champion of the youth and frequently fought his battles. Lewis drifted away from this section of the country, and that was the last heard from him until recently, when Congressman D. J. Lewis of Maryland reached Scranton to attend the meeting of the State Grange. After addressing the grangers Congressman Lewis hurried out to Minooka and hunted up Donnelly. The meeting was fraught with reminiscences of the past, for Lewis the orphan boy and Lewis the congressman proved to be one and the same Before leaving Congressman Lewis is informed his erstwhile champion that he should prepare to give up the mines, as he meant to find a more remunerative as well as a pleasanter berth for him in the government service. THE REV. IRL R. HICKS 1912 ALMANAC. The Rev. Irl R. Hicks Almanac for 1912, that guardian Angel in a hundred thousand homes, is now ready. Not many are now willing to be without it and the Rev. Irl R. Hicks Magazine, WORD AND WORKS. The two are only ONE DOLLAR a year. The Almanac is 35c postpaid No home or office should fail to send for them, to WORD AND WORKS PUBLISHING Co. 2201 Locust St., Saint Louis, Mo. Thompson and Thompson are in reality the hustlers of hustlers in the clothing line and their stock is up to date in style and shades. Opposes President's Attitude on Popular Government. PEOPLE'S VOICE MUST PREVAIL Cheered For Speech In Opening Active Campaign For Nomination — Quotes Taft as Opposed to the Majority. Stands Squarely on His Columbus (O.) Address. The salient passages in Colonel Roosevelt's forceful campaign speech, delivered in Carnegie Hall, New York, Wednesday evening, are given below: The great fundamental issue now before the Republican party and before our people can be stated briefly. It is, Are the American people fit to govern themselves, to rule themselves, to control themselves? I believe they are. My opponents do not. I believe in the right of the people to rule. I believe that the majority of the plain people of the United States will day in and day out, make fewer mistakes in governing themselves than any smaller class or body of men, no matter what their training, will make in trying to govern them. I believe again that the American people are as a whole capable of self control and of learning by their mistakes. Our opponents pay lip loyalty to this doctrine, but they show their real beliefs by the way in which they champion every device to make the nominal rule of the people a sham. I have scant patience with this talk of the tyranny of the majority. Whenever there is tyranny of the majority I shall protest against it with all my heart and soul. But we are today suffering from the tyranny of the minorities. It is a small minority that is grabbing our coal deposits, our water powers and our harbor fronts. A small minority is fattening on the sale of adulterated foods and drugs. It is a small minority that lies behind monopolies and trusts. It is a small minority that stands behind the present law of master and servant, the sweatshops and the whole calendar of social and industrial injustice. It is a small minority that is today using our convention system to defeat the will of a majority of the people in the choice of delegates to the Chicago convention. Not For Recall Everywhere. My opponents charge that two things in my program are wrong because they intrude into the sanctuary of the judiciary. The first is the recall of judges and the second the review by the people of judicial decisions on certain constitutional questions. I have said again and again that I do not advocate the recall of judges in all states and in all communities. The integrity of our judges, from Marshall to White and Holmes—and to Culen and many others in our own state—is a fine page of American history. But—I say it soberly—democracy has a right to approach the sanctuary of the courts when a special interest has corruptly found sanctuary there, and this is exactly what has happened in some of the states where the recall of the judges is a living issue. Is it not equally plain that the question whether a given social policy is for the public good is not of a judicial nature, but should be settled by the legislature or in the final instance by the people themselves? The president of the United States, Mr. Taft, devoted most of a recent speech to criticism of this proposition. He says that it "is utterly without merit or utility, and instead of being * * * in the interest of all the people and of the stability of popular government, is sowing the seeds of confusion and tyranny." (By this he, of course, means the tyranny of the majority—that is, the tyranny of the American people as a whole.) He also says that my proposal (which, as he rightly sees, is merely a proposal to give the people a real instead of only a nominal chance to constitute and amend a state constitution with reasonable rapidity) would make such amendment and interpretation "depend on the feverish, uncertain and unstable determination of successive votes on different laws by temporary and changing majorities," and that "it lays the ax at the foot of the tree of well ordered freedom and subjects the guarantees of life, liberty and property without remedy to the tiful impulse of a temporary majority of an electorate." This criticism is really less a criticism of my proposal than a criticism of all popular government. It is wholly unfounded, unless it is founded on the belief that the people are fundamentally unfortworthy. This is the question that I propose to submit to the people. How can the prevailing morality or a preponderant opinion be better and more exactly ascertained than by a vote of the people? The people must know better than the count what their own morality and their own opinion is. I ask that you, here, you and others like you, you the people, be given the chance to state your own views of justice and public morality and not sit middle by and have your views anecdosed for you by well meaning adherents of our own philosophies, who exalt the pedastry of formulas above the vital needs of human life. Mr. Taft's position is the position that has been held from the beginning of our government, although not always so openly held, by a large number of reputable and honorable men who down at bottom distrust popular government and when they must accept it accept it with reluctance and hedge around it with every species of restriction and check and balance so as to make the power of the people as limited and as ineffective as possible. Mr. Taft fairly defines the issue when he says that our government is and should be a government of all the people by a representative part of the people. This is an excellent and moderate description of an oligarchy. It defines our government as a government of all of the people by a few of the people. I am not speaking jokingly nor do I mean to be unkind, for I repeat that many honorable and well meaning men of high character take this view and have taken it from the time of the formation of the nation. Essentially this view is that the constitution is a strait-jacket to be used for the control of an unruly patient—the people. Now, I hold that this view is not only false, but mischievous, that our constitutions are instruments designed to secure justice by securing the deliberate but effective expression of the popular will, that the checks and balances are valuable as far and only so far as they accomplish that deliberation and that it is a warped and unworthy and improper construction of our form of government to see in it only a means of tearing the popular will and of preventing justice. Mr. Taft says that "every class" should have a "voice" in the government. That seems to me a very serious misconception of the American political situation. The real trouble with us is that some classes have had too much voice. One of the most important of all the lessons to be taught and to be learned is that a man should vote not as a representative of a class, but merely as a good citizen, whose prime interests are the same as those of all other good citizens. Taft's "Disbelief In the People." Mr. Taft again and again, in quotations I have given and elsewhere through his speech, expresses his disbelief in the people when they vote at the polls. In one sentence he says that the proposition gives "powerful effect to the momentary impulse of a majority of an electorate and prepares the way for the possible exercise of the grossest tryranny." Elsewhere he speaks of the "feverish uncertainty" and "unstable determination" of laws by "temporary and changing majorities," and again he says that the system I propose "would result in suspension or application of constitutional guarantees according to popular whim," which would destroy "all possible consistency" in constitutional interpretation. I should much like to know the exact distinction that is to be made between what Mr. Taft calls "the fitful impulse of a temporary majority" when applied to a question such as that I raise and any other question. Remember that under my proposal to (C continued on Second Page.) Anecdotal Literature BY W. G. FOR MOTHER. He was only a mite of a boy, dirty and ragged, watching a game of ball. The little fellow attracted the attention of a bystander, who, reaching over the boy's shoulder as he sat on the ground, gave him a luscious golden pear. The boy's eyes sparkled, but he was too shy to speak. He patted the pear, looked at it, as if to as-shire himself that it was real, and then lifted it to his lips, but withdrew it again, and with a long sigh, tucked it safely inside of his dirty blouse. "Why don't you eat it, Tony?" asked a watchful companion. "Eat it? all meself, I'm savin' it for mother." Whatever Tony lacked, he had learned humanity's loftiest lesson. BAD ABITS. Some one has said that bad habits are like a bag of stones which seems to grow heavier every step you take. Every bad habit that a boy forms keeps him down and prevents him from doing right. Stop your bad habits, boys, and you will not be ashamed of your future record. NOTHING BUT PRAISE. Brown—"You may say what you like against young ministers, but I have nothing but praise for our young pastor—nothing but praise." Smith—"So I observed; when I passed the plate." THE WRETCH. A popular young married man who has a horror of what he pleased to call "fuseing", returned home one evening with a very perceptible limp in his gait, saying he had "slipped and wrenched the blamed thing." After hearing scifled groans and exclamations, his wife announced her readiness to relieve the situation. She knelt beside him, took off his shoes and stockings, and brought in all the remedies she had ever heard of. After an hour's massaging and bandaging, she arose triumphantly with the remark: "There, doesn't the foot feel butter?" From behind the paper which the husband had been reading during the operation, then came the answer: I presume it would, if it had happened to be the right one." "I tell you," said one man to other, as they were coming out of a concert hall, "I envy that fellow who was singing." "Envy him!" exclaimed the other, "Well, if I were to envy a singer, I select somebody with a better voice. His was about the poorest I ever heard. "It's not his voice I envy, man," was the reply; "its his tremendous courage." Stranger—"Why do you have those stout rubber bands around the bills of your hens." Farmer—Keep'em from cockle. When they find they can't cack they think they were mistaken, lay another egg." AN INDEPENDENT WEEKLY NEWSPAPER DEVOTED TO THE MORAL, RELIGIOUS AND FINANCIAL DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN BODY. Pay for all advertisements is due in advance unless advertising is run by yearly contract, in which case the advertiser pays every three months. Advertising 1 inch one time 75c. Standing - 50c. Reduced Rates to Culbs. Send for Sample Copies. J. R. Clifford, Editor] & Proprietor Drawer 869, and Bell 'Phone, 60K Martinsburg, W. Vs. SATURDAY, MARCH 23, 1912 If the City Fathers would take a hike to the extreme west end of Martin Street on a rainy day, they would readily see the necessity for having a lot of crushed stone put thereon. We are in receipt of the Messenger, a sprightly publication which is published at Piedmont by Rev. W, W. Mayle, pastor of Allen A. M. E Church, that city. It is published monthly. We wish it much success. The papers are poking lots of fun at Hon. Theodore Roosevelt these days, but he cares nothing for their raillery, and goes about his business in the usual Rooseveltian style, and shows his teeth when necessary. The Taft managers are moving heaven and earth to secure the nomination for their chief, and while they may not be successful in their efforts, he and they can feel assured that no stones have been left unturned to achieve the desired result. For a long time newspaper advertising vampires sucked the blood out of country newspapers, and now that it is on the wane, in comes the plate maker sharks, who offer their well paid for stereotyped matter free to all who will use it. To many it is catchy, but you must pay the Pioneer Press if you want your stuff printed. As an evidence of the fact that the people of the United States are becoming more sensible, Speaker Obamp Clark held a big birthday reception in Washington last week, and despite the fact that three Negroes were in attendance, everything went off in a nice manner, and there was not even a ripple of excitement incident to their attendance. Moorefield Storey, the great Boston lawyer, has made up his mind to resign his membership in the American Bar Association if that body refuses to allow William H. Lewis, Assistant Attorney General of the United States to retain his membership therein. Such heroism on the part of Mr. Storey shows that he is a man in every sense of the word, and we wish there were thousands like him in every part of the U.S. There is something radically wrong with the law as administered in this country when a happening like the one which occurred at Hillsville, Carroll County, Virginia, becomes possible in a community which is supposed to be civilized. To the average person it would seem that the murder by a mob of the Judge, the Prosecutor and the Sheriff ought to be appalling, but the Allens were desperate, and their desperation never ceased until they accomplished the bloody deed, thereby making themselves fugitives from justice and the families of their victims mourners. Such foul deviltry as the Allens are guilty of, should not go unpunished, and all the power of the State of Virginia should be used toward that end if it becomes necessary. Some people are wont to criticise Governor Glasscock because he saw fit to attach himself to the Roosevelt standard. For our part, we haven't one word of censure for the governor, because having reached the age of 21 some years ago, it is plausible to suppose that he knows how to attend to his own business. And furthermore, it may occur in future to those who now criticise Governor Glasscock that he was wise and they were not. Dr. B. H. Stillyard, the well known colored phyeician of Wheeling, has announced himself as a candidate for Committeeman-at-large on the Republican State Committee. He asks no favoritism at the hands of any olique or clan, but stands squarely on his record as a man and a Republican, and promises to do his duty in an intelligent and effective manner if he is elected. The Dr. is led to announce his candidacy owing to the wishes of friends in Wheeling and elsewhere, and is confident of his ability to poll a large number of votes. The remarkable scholarship of Agbebi, the West African Negro, who has graduated from Birmingham University, in England, shows conclusively that an African is as capable of development as are members of the more favored and supposedly superior white races. Soob a demonstration as the one given by Agbebi goes to show that the white race is unalterably wrong as regards its opinion of the black one, and it further illustrates that it has got to look well to its laurels in the future, or it will be outstripped in the race of life by its despised brothers in black. The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People held a meeting in Washington, D. C. this week. A number of prominent persons were present, the speaking was good, and the scope of the work as planned and executed by this greatest of all organizations for the betterment of colored people was clearly set forth. Anybody who is fortunate enough to attend one of these National Association meetings, cannot fail to be impressed with the seriousness of purpose, the loftiness of ideals, and the real and unselfish humanitarianism of the noble men and women who make up the membership of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Sooth people are an inescable asset to the credit of America, and if it is ever reclaimed from the barbarism to which it seems doomed, it will be through people like those who compose the N. A. A. C. P. If the individual who is pleased to sign himself "Voter" in the Virginia Free Press, of Charles Town, was as much interested in the Democratic party as he would have himself believe he is, there would be less effort on his part to insult Negroes, or any other class of people who might be inclined to aid that party either at the primaries or in any election. Shenandoah Junction, on the main line of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, is too progressive a little town to number among its citizens so slow a person as "Voter" has proven himself to be in his letter anent the "White Man's Primary." This wide awake(?) gentleman could get some fine pointers from Speaker Champ Clark, Senator Obilton, Congressmen Littlepage and Sulzer, and many other prominent and manly Democrats, as to the proper method to pursue when seeking accessions to the Democratic party. Elsewhere in our columns will be found an excellent article written by Mrs. Celia Parker Wooley, of Chicago, relative to the failure of Miss Lydia Pankhurst, the English suff fragette, to address the students of Fisk University, when she was in Nashville, Tennessee. Mrs. Wooley does not mince matters, but she goes after the English lady in a manner that will admit of no possible improvement. Of one thing we are assured, though, and that is, if Miss Pankhurst will read and reflect over what Mrs. Wooley has said in regard to her weak ennender to race prejudice in Nashville, she will find that the great Chicago woman is far in advance of her along all lines, women's rights not excepted. It is a sad commentary on the reputed justice of the English suffragette for one of their number to come to our shores and so flagrantly cater to race prejudice as did Miss Pankhurst, and be made to see the error of her ways by a true American woman. LET PEOPLE RULE SAYS ROOSEVELT LET PEOPLE RULE SAYS ROOSEVELT Continued from first page. review a rule of decision by popular vote, amending or construing to that extent the constitution, would certainly take at least two years from the time of the election of the legislature which passed the act. Now, only four months elapse between the nomination and the election of a man as president, to fill for four years the most important office in the land. In one of Mr. Taft's speeches he speaks of "the voice of the people as coming next to the voice of God." Apparently, then, the decision of the people about the presidency, after four months' deliberation, is to be treated as "next to the voice of God," but if after two years of sober thought they decide that women and children shall be protected in industry, or men protected from excessive hours of labor under unhygienic conditions, or wage workers compensated when they lose life or limb in the service of others, then their decision forthwith becomes a "whim" and "feverish" and "unstable" and an exercise of "the grossest tyranny" and the "laying of the ax to the foot of the tree of freedom." That is the old, old doctrine which has been acted upon for thousands of years abroad and which here in America has been acted upon sometimes openly, sometimes secretly, for forty years by many men in public and in private life, and I am sorry to say by many judges; a doctrine which has in fact tended to create a bulwark for privilege, a bulwark unjustly protecting special interests against the rights of the people as a whole. This doctrine is to me a dreadful doctrine, for its effect is, and can only be, to make the courts the shield of privilege against popular rights. Naturally, every upholder and beneficiary of crooked privilege loudly applauds the doctrine. It is behind the shield of that doctrine that crooked clauses creep into laws, that men of wealth control legislation. "Just Judges Safe." Remember I am not discussing the recall of judges—although I wish it distinctly understood that the recall is a mere piece of machinery to take the place of the unworkable impeachment which Mr. Taft in effect defends and that if the days of Maynard ever came back again in the state of New York I should favor it. I have no wish to come to it, but our opponents when they object to all efforts to secure real justice from the courts are strengthening the hands of those who demand the recall. In a great many states there has been for many years a real recall of judges as regards appointments, promotions, reappointments and re-elections, and this recall was through the turn of a thumbscrew at the end of a long distance rod in the hands of great interests. I believe that a just judge would feel far safer in the hands of the people than in the hands of those interests. My remedy is not the result of a library study of constitutional law, but of actual and long continued experience in the use of governmental power to redress social and industrial evils. Again and again earnest workers for social justice have said to me that the most serious obstacles that they have encountered during the many years that they have been trying to save American women and children from destruction in American industry have been the courts. That is the judgment of almost all the social workers I know and of dozens of parish priests and clergymen and of every executive and legislator who has been seriously attempting to use government as an agency for social and industrial betterment. What is the result of this system of judicial nullification? It was accurately stated by the court of appeals of New York in the employers' liability case, where it was calmly and judicially declared that the people under our republican government are less free to correct the evils that oppress them than are the people of the monarchies of Europe. To any man with vision, to any man with broad and real social sympathies, to any man who believes with all his heart in this great democratic republic of ours, such a condition is intolerable. It is not government by the people, but mere sham government in which the will of the people is constantly defeated. It is out of this experience that my remedy has come, and let it be tried in this field. When as the result of years of education and debate a majority of the people have decided upon a remedy for an evil from which they suffer and have chosen a legislature and executive pledged to embody that remedy in law and the law has been finally passed and approved I regard it as monstrous that a bench of judges shall then say to the people: "You must begin all over again. First, amend your constitution [which will take four years]; second, secure the passage of a new law [which will take two years more]; third, carry that new law over the weary course of litigation [which will take no human being knows how long]; fourth, submit the whole matter over again to the very same judges who have rendered the decision to which you object. Then, if your patience holds out and you finally prevail, the will of the majority of the people may have its way." Such a system is not popular government, but a mere mockery of popular government. People Will Define "Liberty." The decisions of which we complain are, as a rule, based upon the constitutional provision that no person shall be deprived of life, liberty or property without due process of law. The terms "life, liberty and property" have been used in the constitutions of the English speaking peoples since Magna Charta. Until within the last sixty years they were treated as having specific meanings—"property" meant tangible property; "liberty" meant freedom from personal restraint, or, in other words, from imprisonment in its largest definition. About 1870 our court began to attach to these terms new meanings. Now "property" has come to mean every right of value which a person could enjoy, and "liberty" has been made to include the right to make contracts. As a result, when the state limits the hours for which women may labor, it is told by the courts that this law deprives them of their "liberty," and when it restricts the manufacture of tobacco in a tenement it is told that the law deprives the landlord of his "property." Now, I do not believe that any people, and especially our free American people, will long consent that the term "liberty" shall be defined for them by a bench of judges. Every people has defined that term for itself in the course of its development. Task Is to Strive For Justice. Task is to Strive For Justice. Friends, our task as Americans is to strive for social and industrial justice, achieved through the genuine rule of the people. This is our end, our purpose. The methods for achieving the end are merely expedients to be finally accepted or rejected according as actual experience shows that they work well or ill. But in our hearts we must have this lofty purpose, and we must strive for it in all earnestness and sincerity or our work will come to nothing. In order to succeed we need leaders of inspired idealism, leaders to whom are granted great visions, who dream greatly and strive to make their dreams come true; who can kindle the people with the fire from their own burning souls. The leader for the time being, whoever he may be, is but an instrument to be used until broken and then to be cast aside and if he is worth his salt he will care no more when he is broken than a soldier cares when he is sent where his life is forfeit in order that the victory may be won. In the long fight for righteousness the watchword for all of us is spend and be spent. It is of little matter whether any one man falls or succeeds, but the cause shall not fail, for it is the cause of mankind. We, here in America, hold in our hands the hope of the world, the fate of the coming years, and shame and disgrace will be ours if in our eyes the light of high resolve is dimmed, if we trail in the dust the golden hopes of men. If on this new continent we merely build another country of great but unjustly divided material prosperity we shall have done nothing, and we shall do as little if we merely set the greed of envy against the greed of arrogance and thereby destroy the material well being of all of us. To turn this government either into government by plutocracy or government by a mob would be to repeat on a larger scale the lamentable failures of the world that is dead. We stand against all tyranny, by the few or by the many. We stand for the rule of the many in the interest of all of us, for the rule of the many in a spirit of courage, of common sense, of high purpose, above all in a spirit of kindly justice toward every man and every woman. BALTIMORE & O RAILROAD. Corrected to December 1, 1914. WEST BOUND No 55 Daily at 11.21 a m for Pittaburg, Cincinnati, Louisville and St. Louis. Connects for Romney except Sunday and at Grafton for Wheeling daily. No. 55 Daily at 11.21 a m for Grafton, Pittsburg and Chicago. No 5 Daily, at 3.17 p m for Grafton, Pittsburg and Chicago. No. 7 Daily 7.42 p m for Wheeling, Columbus and Chicago. No. 1 Daily at 6:20 p m for Cincinnati Louisville and St. Louis. No 3 Daily at 2:10 a m for Cincinnati Louisville and St. Louis. For Cumberland and way Stations, No 39, 5 37 p. m. No.9 Daily at 11.28 p.m; for Pittsburg. No 15 Daily except Sunday at 6.30 a.m or Cumberland and intermediate stations. Connects for Berkeley Springs. EAST BOUND. No 16 Daily except Sunday at 12.15 p.m. for Frederick, Baltimore and all intermediate stations via sid line. No 18 Daily except Sunday at 6.30 p.m. for Washington and Baltimore and all intermediate stations, Connects for Frederick. G. W. SQUIGGINS, Gen. Pass Agent. Baltimore Md. R. S. BOUIC, Ticket Agent, Matthewsburg, W. Va. Located in Capitol of the Nation. Campus of over twenty acres. Advantages unsurpassed. Modern scientific and general equipment. New Carnegie Library. New Science Hall. Faculty of over one hundred. 1382 students from 37 states and 10 other countries. Unusual opportunities for self-support. No young man or woman of energy or capacity need be deprived of its advantages. THE COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES. Devoted to liberal studies. Courses in English, Mathematics, Latin, Greek, French, German, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, History, Philosophy, and the Social Sciences, such as are given in the best approved colleges. 16 professors. Kelly Miller, A. M., Dean. THE TEACHERS COLLEGE. Special opportunities for teachers. Regular college courses in Psychology. Pedagogy, Education, &c., with degree of A. B.; Pedagogical courses leading to Ph. B. degree. High-grade courses in Normal Training, Music, Manual Arts, and Domestic Sciences. Graduates helped to positions. Lewis B. Moore A. M., Ph. D., Dean. THE ACADEMY. Faculty of 13. Three courses of four years each. High grade preparatory school. George J. Cummings, A. M. Dean. THE COMMERCIAL COLLEGE. Courses in Bookkeeping, Stenography, Commercial Law, History, Civics, &c. Business and English high school education combined. George W. Cook, A. M. Dean. SCHOOL OF MANUAL ARTS AND APPLIED SCIENCES. Furishes thorough courses. Six instructors. Offers tour-year courses in Mechanical and Civil Engineering and Architecture. Professional Schools THE SCHOOL OF THEOLOGY. Interdenominational. Five professors. Broad and thorough co. Advantages of connection with a great University. Students' Aid. Low expenses, Isaac Clark, D.D., Dean. THE SCHOOL OF MEDICINE Forty-nine professors. Modern laboratories and equipment. Connected with new Freedmen's Hospital, costing half million dollars. Clinical facilities not surpassed in America. Post-graduate School and Polytechnic. Edward A. Balloch, M. D., Dean, 5th and W. Streets N. W. W. C. McNeill, M. D. Secretary, 901 R St., N. W. THE SCHOOL OF LAW. Faculty of eight. Courses of three years, giving a thorough knowledge of theory and practice of law. Occupies own building opposite the court house. Benjamin F. Leighton, LL. B., Dean, 420 5th street N. W. catalogue and special information address Dean of Department. Eatered in Post Office at Martinsburg W. Va., as Second Class Matter A revival is in progress at Dudley Baptist Church, and large crowds are in attendance nightly as a result. Mr. and Mrs. Rhodes Warrick are building a store room to their house on Samuel Street, and will shortly open up a confectionery store therein. The many friends of Mr. William Mosby, of Darksville, will be sorry to learn that he is almost totally blind. Mr. C. W. Foltz, the well known nursery drummer, and all around christian gentleman, was a pleasant caller at our office the other day. Thompson and Thompson are in reality, the bustlers of bustlers in the clothing line and their stock is up to date in style and shades. Word comes to this city that Miss Emma Warrick, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Roodes Warrick, was married in Harrisburg, Pa., last week. Meadames, Fannie Wilson and Lulu Triplett, both of Yonkers, New York, are visiting friends and relatives in Martinsburg and Charles Town. SALESMEN WANTED to look after our interest in Berkeley and adjacent counties. Salary or Commission. Address THE HARVEY OIL COMPANY. Cleveland, O. Thompson & Thompson have the largest stock, the best material and sell under the best guarantee of any clothing house in Martinsburg, test it by trying it. By arrangement with the American Press Association, we are enabled to present our readers with Former President Roosevelt's Carnegie Hall speech in New York on Wednesday evening. It is a "hummer," and is well worth reading. The Allen gang, who murdered Judge Thornton L. Massie, Sheriff Lewis F. Webb, and Prosecutor William W Foster, all of Hillsville, Virginia, in the Court House, at that place the other day, are still eluding arrest, although pursued by hundreds of detectives, special officers and citizens. Mr. I. W. Skelton, who formerly kept store on the corner of Martin and Raleigh Streets, leaves Wednesday next for Harrisonburg, Va., in which place he will operate a boarding house. Mr. Skelton is a genial gentleman, polite and accommodating, and we wish him much success at his new venture in Rockingham's county seat. Rev. Samuel M. Beane, pastor of Mt. Zion M. E. Church, preached his farewell sermon on Sunday night last. A large crowd heard him, and his congregation and friends are hoping he will be returned for another year. Along with the Bishop, he made a responsive address at the opening session of his, the Washington Conference, in Washington, D.C., on Wednesday morning. Baltimore & Ohio Rail-Road LOW RATE-ONE WAY Colonist Fares TO MANY POINTS IN California, Colorado, Alberta, Arizona. Idoho, British Columbia. Mexico, Montana, New Mexico, Wyoming, Nevada, Oregon, Texas, Utah and Washington TICKETS ON SALE DAILY FROM March I to April, 14 1912. Inclusive. FOR FULL INFORMATION CALL ON OR ADDRESS R. S. BOUIC. TICKET AGENT., Marinsburg. 414 STEVENS The STEVENS No. 335 Double Barrel Hammerless Shotgun—is strongest where other guns are weakest. The barrels and lugs are drop-forged in one piece—of high pressure steel, choke bored for nitro powder—with matted rib. Pick up this gun and feel the balance of it—examine the working parts closely and see the fine care and finish of detail—you will say it's a winner. It lists at only $20.00 and will be expressed prepaid direct from the factory in case you cannot secure it through a dealer. Send for new Art Catalog and "How to Shoot Well" J. STEVENS ARMS & TOOL COMPANY P.O. Box 5008 Chicopee Falls Mass. Wanted—Honeeat Virginia girl (colored), for good homes. Address Mrs. C. Morphy, 1718 Union Ave Altoona, Pa. THE KEYSER, MOOREFIELD AND PETERSBURG STAGE LINE Runs daily except Sunday. Persons wishing to travel in the direction mentioned will find it a great convenience and very cheap—the round trip only $3, and the distance being to either place and back, 87 miles. Persons traveling it once, will never forget the kindness of the proprietor Mr. George Shank. WHY OWN WEBSTER'S NEW INTERNATIONAL DICTIONARY THE MERRIAM WEBSTER? Because it is a NEW CREATION, covering every field of the world's thought, action and culture. The only new unabridged dictionary in many years. Because it defines over 400,000 Words; more than ever before appeared between two covers. 2700 Pages. 6000 Illustrations. Because it is the only dictionary with the new divided page. A "Stroke of Genius." Because it is an encyclopedia in a single volume. Because it is accepted by the Courts, schools and Press as the one supreme authority. Because he who knows Wing success. In this book you about this new word. WITH A few copies of new books G. & C. MORRISON COL., PULLMAN, CAL. Meaton lithograph, receive PRINT & EDITOR Are You a Woman? TAKE CARDUI The Woman's Tonic You Will Elect a President THIS election is of supreme importance to you. The whole country is divided. On one side the progressive Insurgents, on the other the Conservative Standpatters. Both parties will promise many things. You will have to judge their claims and their fitness to carry them out. In these stirring times REVIEW OF REVIEWS is a necessity to the busy man or woman who values being up to date. In a hundred ways its editorials, its character sketches and its timely articles will help you make your choice. It gives you the best, clearest and most accurate, non-partisan and unprejudiced news that money can buy. It is the great monthly newspaper on which intelligent people everywhere rely for their news, and you get this news almost as promptly as it is given in the great daily newspapers of the country. Pale-Faced Women You ladies, who have pale faces, sallow complexions, dark circles under eyes, drawn features and tired, worn-out expressions, you need a tonic. The tonic you need is Cardui, the woman's tonic. It is the best tonic for women, because its ingredients are specifically adapted for women's needs. They act on the womanly organs and help to give needed strength and vitality to the worn-out womanly frame. Cardui is a vegetable medicine. It contains no minerals, no iron, no potassium, no lime, no glycerin, no dangerous, or-habit-forming drugs of any kind. It is perfectly harmless and safe, for young and old to use. Take CARDUI "After my doctor had done all he said he could for me," writes Mrs. Wm. Hilliard, of Mountainburg, Ark., "I took Cardui, on the advice of a friend, and it helped me so much. "Before taking Cardui, I had suffered from female troubles to five years, but since taking it, I am in good health. "I think there is some of the best advice in your book that I ever saw." Your druggist sells Cardui. Try it. Write to: Ladies' Advisory Dept. Chattanooga Medicine Co., Chattanooga, Tenn., for Special Instructions, and 64-page book, "Home Treatment for Women," sent free. FROST PROOF CABRAGE PLANTS GUARANTEED TO SATISFY CUSTOMERS FROM THE ORIGINAL CABRAGE PLANT GROWERS EAST JERSEY WAKEFIELD, CHARLESTON LARGEST TYPE WAKEFIELD, 20 Eastfield BROOKVILLE, The Largest Plat Ideal City. AUDUBRA BROOKER, A little larger than Burgeson. SHORT STEMMED Largest and Latest Cabbage. TRADERS MAY COLLECT. Established 1853. Philadelphia Stock $30,000.00 Welgrew the first FROST PROOF PLANTS in 1853. Now have over twenty thousand satisfied customers. We have grown and sold more cabbage plants than all other persons in the Southern States established by us. Because our plants must please or we send your money back. Order now! It is time to set these plants in your section to get extra early cabbage, and they are the ones that sell for the most money. We sow three tons of Cabbage Seed per season. Also grow full line of Strawberry Plants, Fruit acres and ornamentals. Water, fertilizer, and compost containing valuable information about fruit and vegetable growing. Prices on Cabbage Plants - Yonges Island - Full of prices per plant. By express, buyer paying express charges, which under special rate is very low: $80 for $1.00, 1,000 to $4,000 $1.50 per thousand; $6,000 to $9,000 $1.55 per thousand; $10,000 and over $2.00 per thousand. Wm. C. Geraty Co., Box 411, Yonges Island, S. C. J. R. CLIFFORD, ATTORNEY AT LAW, MARTINSLURG, WEST VIRGINIA Practices in all the Courts of W Va, the Supreme Court of Appeals and the United States Courts. "AS WESEE IT" Is the Title of a Book whose author is Robert L. Waring, Esq., 609 F. Street Northwest Washington, D. C. It is excellent, and is destined to do incalculable good. In fiction it gets at facts as they exist, and outlines the real bulk of the causes of the trouble and friction between the two races. It is bound to be read the world over and will serve well its purpose. It took a strong mind and a fertile brain to plan and write this book which Henry Watterson, the great editor says is phenomenal, and will be read by as many white as colored people—just as it should be, for the real and proper settlement of the so-called problem, is interdependent—one upon the other. It is written in a time as ripe to make it almost as popular as did the period that immortalized Uncle Tom's Cabin. Get the book and read it. It only costs $1.60. Address the author as given above. WHAT IS IT? Ten year Combination Distribution Certificate of Membership as devised by the American Workmen Fraternal Insurance Company, of Washington, D. C., one of the most liberal, strongest and reliable fraternal institutions in the field. For futrher particulars see D. E. V. JORDAN. GEN. AGENT W. VA. ROOM 2. K. P. BUILDING CHARLESTON W VA. PROPER WAY TO JUDGE A DAIRY COW By Dr. C. A. Lueder, Instructor in Veterinary Science, West Virginia University. Root of Tail Front Lobes Burk Middle Lob Rib Tail Taden Brega Flomb Belly Armpit Elbow Dorsal Ankle Calf Chest Chestnut Diagram Showing Various Points to Be Considered in Judging a Dairy Cow. In judging a cow there are five main heads that must be observed closely, namely: general appearance, head and neck, four quarters, body and hindquarters. The body is very important. The chest should be deep and low, the girdle being large and full behind the hind legs or elbows. The large, thin bar should be obliquely placed. The general appearance is judged first by standing in front and observing the profile of the head, mouth and eyes. Then observe the animal from both sides by standing away about twenty feet; estimate in your mind the size of the animal, if too small, medium, or too large. See that she is wedge-shaped, having the base of the wedge at the hind-quarters. The straight backlines should slope slightly toward the shoulders, while the general direction of the underline runs upward as it reaches the fore-quarters, thus making the side view like a wedge. From in front see that the hind-quarters are broad and the sides and belly are full. The shoulders should be narrow and the neck thin, thus giving her the appearance of a wedge when viewed from in front. The quality of the hair should be fine and soft; the skin soft, mellow, thin and of a yellow color around the tail and escutcheon, especially in light colored cattle. The bones and joints should be clean and fine. Watch the expression of the eyes; see if she is nervous or excitable. The head and neck are next to be considered. The muzzle must be moist and clean cut; the mouth and nostrils large; the eyes large, bright, full and of a mild disposition. The face should be clean, long, dished and expressive; the forehead broad, and the ears clean, long, medium large, not drooping, yellow inside and of fine texture. The horns must be even and symmetrical. The thin, fine neck of medium length, with throat clean and dew-lap thin and not fleshy, is the type desired. The fore-quarters are not so important, but there are three things that must be closely observed; first are the withers, thin and clean; second, are the shoulders, light and very oblique; and third are the legs straight, short and fine, especially below the knees. PROPER PLOWING INCREASES THE CORN YIELD [By Prof. I. S. Cook, jr., Department of Agronomy, West Virginia University.] The time of plowing for corn will usually be determined by the convenience of the farmer. It is pretty well established that the differences in yield on land plowed in the fall and similar land plowed in the spring are very slight. Generally it will be wise to plow for corn when the ground is in good condition to be finely pulverized by the plow and when other work does not interfere. Sticky clay land should not be plowed when it is so wet as to slip off the moldboard in a shiny condition. Land that is likely to wash because of steepness or other conditions should be plowed late in the winter rather than early. Part of the purpose of plowing is to enable the land to store water; another part to enable it to retain water. Fall plowing provides for the storage of water in the soil; spring plowing provides for its retention. But this qualification needs to be added, that spring plowing is likely to hasten the evaporation of soil moisture unless the plow is almost immediately followed by the harrow. Water escapes very rapidly from the surface of a newly-plowed field. Following the plow with the harrow while the surface soil is still fresh reduces the exposed sur- Among the successful graduates from the Birmingham university, England, recently was George Debys Agbebi of Lagos, west coast of Africa, nephew of Dr. Majola Agbebi of Lagos, who stood third in a class of fifty seven, composed of Chinese, Japanese, East Indians, Scotch and English students. Mr. Agbebi will take up civil engineering as a profession. He --- The body is very important. The chest should be deep and low, the girth being large and full behind the hind legs or elbows. The large, thin barrel should show a large stomach with ribs well sprung and wide apart. The back should be lean, straight, open between the joints and flexible; the loin broad, and the naval large. The hind-quarters are very important and present main points of importance. The hips should be far apart and level; the rump long and wide with plenty of hip room; the pin bones high and wide apart; the tail long, slim, and the hair in the switch fine and the thighs long and thin. Particular attention should be given the region of the udder or sack. The escutcheon should be spread over the back of the thighs, extending high and wide. The udder should be high and tull behind, long, extending far in front and full. The quarters of the udder should be even in size, free from fleshiness, and when milked the sack should be entirely collapsed. Teats should be large and evenly placed, the holes in the teats being of the same size, and they should milk free and easy, making a straight stream without spattering. The mammary veins should be large, long, very crooked and branched, and the holes where the veins enter the body should be proportionately large. Remember that these veins carry blood and not milk as some people think. Large crooked veins denote plenty of blood coming from the udder, which indicates a large purifying capacity. Great care should be taken to examine the cows for physical soundness. If the buyer is not confident of his own judgment, perhaps it may be well to call in the local veterinarian to help. A dairy animal should not be too fat, nor should she be too lean. All her joints should be free from enlargements. Lastly she should have normal lungs and be free from tuberculosis, which, as we all know, is the most broad disease of the dairy cow. face and so retards revaporation. It also retards the rise of the water from the subsoil, thus retaining it where the plant root will need it during the growing season. The depth of plowing for corn will be determined largely by the depth of previous plowing. It is not wise to turn a large amount of raw subsoil up to the surface. Usually it is well to bring a small amount of new soil under the direct influence of sun and rain, thus preparing it to be useful to subsequent crops. It is to be remembered that it is the mellowed soil that contributes most to the growth of plants. Other influences have much to do with determining the proper depth of plowing for corn. If the ground is plowed in the fall, it may be safe to plow an inch or more deeper than it would be wise to plow the same ground in the spring. The frosts and freezes of winter will do much to mellow and "tame" the soil that has never been exposed to the more active weathering influences. Farmers are now beginning to make cement fence posts quite extensively in some localities. They seem to be a success when properly made, and they are not expensive, especially when they are made on the farm on rainy days or at odd times. holds splendid testimonials from his professors, who speak of his accomplishments in the highest terms. Mr. Agbebi is a polished young man and made some strong friendships among his Japanese and Chinese classmates and before settling down to his profession will very probably spend some time in the orient visiting these friends. ```markdown ``` Nearly thirty Years Has been the leader in this State and Nation for the grand and noble fight that is being waged for the amelioration of the condition of the Negro. The PIONEER PRESS was never known to lag or trifle in any matter where the interest of the race was involved. For this characteristic, THE PRESS should have the unswerving support and encouragement of Negroes everywhere. It contains reliable news, interesting editorials and clever special articles. It is safely recommended to you as a perfect newspaper for the home and family. IT LEADS in the quantity of original matter which it furnishes its patrons. IT LEADS in its spicy editorials and fearless savings.' IT LEADS in its general, local and miscellany pages. TAKEN all in all, we don't feel that we are exaggerating when we state that The PIONEER PRESS is one of the best all around weekly papers in this country today. WE ARE not alone in making this statement, for son e of the best and most prominent men of the United States have done likewise. These persons above referred to were not condined to one particular race, either, but to both. THE PIONEER PRESS Has the LARGEST city circulation— The LARGEST Foreign circulation— The LARGEST domestic and general circulation— The LARGEST county and rural circulation of any Negro newspaper in the United States— Has the LARGEST Anglo Saxon circulation— WHY IS THE ABOVE SO? BECAUSE it is the pioneer of this section in blazing the way for truth, honesty, piety and fraugality and all other requisites that are necessary for the making of manly men and womanly women of all races. BECAUSE it merits support and gets it is proof positive that people know a good thing when they see it. BECAUSE of its unique and original qualities the PIONEER PRESS has a noticeable exclusive-ness enjoyed by no other paper in the class wherein it circulates. The Pioneer Press With its generally large and intelligent circulation will bring RETURNS TO ITS ADVERTISERS. Viewed from the standpoint of news merit, circulation or advertising power, THE PIONEER PRESS is the peer of its competitors and stands forth as a brilliant example of successful modern newspaper methods. It has encircled the Globe and satisfied 85,000 users. A record unprecedented in the history of typewriters. The only typewriter you CAN'T WEAR OUT, and it does ALL the work of ALL other Machines. Ten years' experience proves this. The only things that can possibly happen to it from hardest usage are mere trifles which can be fixed for a few cents while you wait. The machine proper never wears out. Think it over and send for descriptive catalogues. Prices Only 35 and 50 Dollars MOORE BROS., General Agents, 1307 F. Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. Wanted—Cosmopolitan Magazine requires the services of a representative in Martinsburg to look after subscription renewals and to extend circulation by special methods which have proved unusually successful. salary and commission. Previous experience desirable but not essential. Whole time or spare time. Address, with references, H. C. Campbell, Cosmopolitan Magazine, 1789 Broadway, New York City. SEWING MACHINE. ROLLER BEARING, HIGH GRADE. By buy by this Public, honest, with pride new- ly machines. STRONGEST GROUND, N.R. National Sewing Machines Co. Dr. BOBBIE Sparagus Pills cure all kidney lilies. Sam- plo free. Add. Sterling Remedy Co. Chicago or N.Y. THE BLICKENSDER TYPEWRITER It has encircled the Globe users. A record un- history of typ- The only typewriter you it does ALL the work of All years' experience proves this, possibly happen to it from ha which can be fixed for a few machine proper never wears o for descriptive catalogues. Prices Only 35 a MOORE BROS., 1307 F. Street Washi- GO YEARS' EXPERIENCE PATENTS TRADE M. MKS DESIGNS COPYRIGHTS & Anyone sending a sketch and description may quickly ascertain our opinion free whether an invention is probably patentable. Communications must be sound, careful. HANDBOOK on Patents sent free. Gifted money for acquiring patents. Patents taken through Munn & Co. receive special notice, without charge, in the Scientific American. A handsomely illustrated weekly. Largest circulation of any scientific journal. Terms, $3 a year; four months, $1. Sold by all newadcalers. MUNN & Co., 361 Broadway, New York Branch Dppe, 625 B' St., Washington, D.C. We Ask You to take Cardui, for your female troubles, because we are sure it will help you. Remember that this great female remedy— WINE OF CARDU has brought relief to thousands of other sick women, so why not to you? For headache, backache, periodical pains, female weakness, many have said it is "the best medicine to take." Try it! Sold in This City F3 OUR MAGNIFICENT PROPOSITION ```markdown ``` PRESCRIPTIONS CAREFULLY COMPOUNDED. In our prescription work we use the bestquality of drugs and chemicals that we can obtain, taking great care to see that every one is of standard strength. We use every possible precaution to insure exactness and efficiency in compounding each prescription. Our prescription department is well equipped with modern facilities for doing the most thorough high-quality prescription work. Our prices for putting up prescriptions and household recipes will always be moderate. GILBERT'S PHARMACY 40 PREMIUMS FREE Return this "Adv," and remit us $4.95, the Special Price we make you on 2 Boxes of our 5 and 10 Cigars Brand. We which we want to introduce quickly to 500 customers. We will send you in name package a 1. S & W, Mod. Double Action 1. Police Revolver, worth $7.00; 1 Stem Wind and Set. Gold Glaze Watch, value $4.1 Hollow Ground Reeve, value $3.1 Set (6) Triple Silver, Ladies Spoon, worth $1.00. Great Value Pren which we have not space to mention, worth from 10 cents to $1 each, provided you order and order allow us to REFUND YOUR MONTH. If you are not pleased with this "Adv," will not appear after we enroll 50.00 customers. Give name of your Express Office and Order Reference Southern Express Co., Office of Montgomery. Virginia. CANDOR SALES CO., Candor, M. C., U.S.A.