The Pioneer Press

The Pioneer Press. "HERE SHALL THE PRESS, THE PEOPLE'S RIGHTS MAINTAIN, UNAWED BY INFLUENCE AND UNBRIBED BY GAIN" Department of Archives. The 'HERE D ESTABLISH&D 1882. THE FORTY-FOURTH ANNUAL MEETING Of the West Virginia Education Association Will Be Held In Morgantown In June. The forty-fourth annual meeting of the West Virginia Education Association will be held in Morgantown, June 17-19, 1914. The meeting coming as it does immediately after the university commencement and immediately preceding the opening of the big university Summer School, promises to be more largely attended than any meeting in the history of the organization. The Educational Exhibit. Another feature that promises to attract visitors is he educational exhibits. At no former meeting has an exhibit representative of the educational activities of the state been attempted. But this year, the entire Armory Building of th university with Armory Building of the university with activities in the industrial school work of the state; the progress in rural architecture and equipment; the evolution of ideas regarding the igiene and sanitation of schools, together with attractive pictures, maps and charts illustrative of conditions as they have been and now are. In addition to these exhibits the College of Agriculture will have a unique exhibit in the way of model bars, silos, dairies, and the like, together with agricultural products and modern farm implements. The State Board of Health and the Anti-tuberculosis League will have on exhibition certain attractive features of their health material. The outside talent secured for the program represents men and women who are noted nationally for the big things they have done educationally. Mrs. Cora Wilson Stewart, the great popular triumph of the recent national meeting of superintendents in Richmond, noted for her great work introducing literacy in Kentucky; Dr. D. E. Phillips, University of Denver, author and lecturer of distinction and a West Virginian by birth; Dr. Lee F. Hammer, New York city, director of the Russell Sage Foundation Department of Recreation; Dr. A. P. Bourland, Washington, D. C. of the Southern Education Board, specialist in rural education; Dr. Allen W. Freeman, of Richmond, Virginia, representing the American Medical Association; Dr. J. L. Henderson, State High school instructor of Texas and Dr. Glenn Frank, of Northwestern University noted lecturer on education, all these as well as prominent state educational leaders will dignify the Morgantown meeting by their participation on the program. The University City. The management of the public schools of Morgantown and of the university, together with the local committee on arrangements are making extensive and elaborate preparations for the meeting in June. Considering the number of unusual attractions, the university commencement, the Summer School, the big educational exhibits, and the attractive program, the attendance at this 44th annual meeting promises to be unusually large. It will be an opportunity, rarely to be had, for teachers through out the state to attend the biggest educational meeting ever held in West Virginia. That the interest among teachers in the meeting is unusual is evidenced by the fact that more than three hundred teachers have already sent in their advance enrollments to Treasurer J. F. Marsh, Charleston. The officers of the association for 1914, are. Otis G. Wilson, Elkins, president; A. P. Morrison, Clarksburg, secretary; and J. F. Marsh, treasurer. The Program. BRANDON WANTS TO DEBATE QUESTION Issues Challenge to Congress W. G. Brown to Discuss the Toll Question WASHINGTON, April 27.—Charles W. Brandon, of Phillippi, who has announced his candidacy for the Democratic nomination for congressman from the Second district, in opposition to Congressman Brown, has undertaken to make the tolls question an issue. In a letter to Mr. Brown he suggested that the two, Brown and Brandon, engage in a series of joint debates, one in each county of the district, on the subject of canal tolls, Mr. Brandon apparently taking issue with Mr. Brown's vote on the toll question. Mr. Brown's reply is as follows. 'My duties require my presence in Washington. I am heartily in accord with the President in his Mexican policy and will remain here and support him. In the meantime you are at perfect liberty to canvass the district in my absence. The people of the Second Congressional district expect me to do my duty and my duty is here. "They have my record and let them judge between you and me." GENERAL STRIKE MAY BE CALLED Five Hundred Thousand Miners to Protest Against Conditions In (By United Press.) INDIANAPOLIS. Ind., April 27.—Vice President Hayes, of the United Mine Workers of America, has announced a meeting of the executive board, which will be called for May 4, and decide whether or not a general strike of 500,000 miners through protest against the conditions in Colorado. LETTER FROM THE ROAD ENGINEER LETTER FROM THE ROAD ENGINEER Writes About the "Good Roads Days." Named By the Governor of the State. Morgantown, W. Va., April 25. Dear Sir: Governor Hatgeld has declared May 28 and 29 as "Good Road Days" for the state, and requests the co-operation of every county and district road official in making them a success. I trust that you will get busy immediately in your county and district and arrange to get the most satisfactory results from these two days by getting everybody in your section to either contribute two days' work or hire some other person or team. One district ... Tyler county has, outside of declaring for two days' labor, raised $200 by private subscription to be applied on the roads in connection with this special free labor. This office is at your command for plans and specifications and I trust that between now and that date all officials in each county will get together and arrange plans of work. A special pamphlet for this occasion will reach you about May 10, but in the meantime do not let an opportunity pass to agitate and stir your people for this occasion. Hoping for success and assuring you that I am at your command, I am. Yours very truly, A. D. WILLIAMS, Chief Road Engineer. POPULATION IS GROWING RAPIDLY POPULATION IS GROWING RAPIDLY Census Buerau Will Show We Have Gained 111,791 Since April 15, 1910. West Virginia's population on July 1, 1914, will be 1,332,910, according to an estimate made by the census bureau and soon to be published in a population bulletin. This would mean an increase of 111,791 since April 15, 1910, when the actual count was made, and when the population of the state was 1,221,119. In the same bulletin the population of continental United States for July 1, 1914, is estimated to be 98,781,324, compared with 91,972,266 on April 15, 1910. The total population of the United States and their possessions is estimated for July 1 1914, to be 109,021,992 compared with 101,748,263 in 1910. Estimates on the growth of cities under 100,000 have not been given out. Candidates now in the field for the Republican nomination for United States senator from California are S. M. Shortridge, of San Francisco, Congressman J. R. Knowland, of Oakland, and Albert E. Boynto, president pro tem of the state senate. Edward N. Pearson, the present secretary of state of New Hampshire, is to be a candidate for the Republican nomination for the United States senatorship this year. DISEASE REAPED TERRIBLE TOLL Sickness Killed Five Out of Six During the First Mexican War. Nearly 14,000 American soldiers lost their lives in the first Mexican war of 1846-48. Of the entire number, five out of six were killed by disease. The grand total of 13,237 does not include the number executed, of whom there were 32 regulars and a large number of volunteers. Of this total only 1,192 were killed in action. The official figures are as follows: Regulars. Officers. Men. Total Killed in action .. 59 526 585 Died of wounds .. 23 402 425 Died of disease .. 88 4811 4899 Accidently killed . 5 164 169 Volunteers. Killed in action .. 50 557 607 Died of wounds .. 12 92 104 Died of disease .. 112 6144 6256 Accidentally killed .. 192 192 Totals Killed in action .. 1,192 Died of wounds .. 529 Died of disease .. 11,155 Accidentally killed .. 361 Grand total .. 13,237 Total number wounded .. *6,000 *—Approximately. Total number in service 112,230, of which 30,954 were regulars and 73,776 were militia and volunteers. The proportionate deaths were one to every eight men. FIRST TO LAND. A Berkeley county boy was the first to land on Mexican soil the day Vera Cruz was invested. He was Howard Fuss, a sharpshoot- er on the Prairie, son of Peter H. Fuss, of Back Creek Valley SOMETHING ABOUT THE VIRGINIA DEBT Some Interesting Data Has Been Compiled by Department of Commerce. Preliminary figures from the forthcoming bulletot pertaining to national and state indebtedness and funds and investments have been given out by Director W. J. Harris, of the bureau of the census department of commerce. The bulletin carries information for the state of West Virginia, as well as for the other states and the United States. The data were compiled under the supervision of John Lee Coulter, expert special agent in charge of the inquiry on wealth, debt and taxation. The bulletin which will soon be issued, will contain statistics for each state for each year from 1890 to 1913, inclusive, as far as statistics are available, and will also contain details for the year most nearly corresponding to 1880, thus making it possible to show the general movement during a period of over 30 years. The bulletin will show the total debt of the states as well as many details, such as the various classes of outstanding bonds and special debt obligations to public trust funds. It will also show the floating debt and its component parts. Under "funds and investments" will be shown separately all the different funds, and in each case cash securities will be shown. The population of the states for each year under consideration will be used, and the per capita debt (less sinking fund assets) will be given. An inspection of the tables for West Virginia in the bulletin soon to be issued shows that a bonded indebtedness of $79,000 existed in 1880, but no bonds were outstanding from 1890 to 1912. No special debt obligations to public trust funds were reported for any year. A floating debt of $185,000 in 1890 fell to $2,000 in 1894 and disappeared altogether in 1895. In the case of funds and investments the securities fluctuated throughout the period, rising from $620,000 in 1890 to $1,030,000 in 1904, and declining to $973,000 in 1912. The cash changed greatly from year to year, though there was a general increase from $452,000 in 1890 to $1,617,000 in 1912. No sinking fund assets, as such, were recorded in any year; thus the total debt from 1890 to 1894 was the same as the debt (less sinking fund assets.) The per capita debt fell from 30.21 in 1880 to less than one-tenth of 1 per cent in 1894. At the present time about 1.3 per cent of the total population of the United States will be found in the state of West Virginia, and the state is free from debt. It should be noted, however, that "in the settlement of the Virginia debt, one-third was set apart as the share belonging to Wist Virginia, but the latter refused to assume the same." In March, 1911, the Supreme Court of the United States held the state liable for a principal debt of $7,182,507, and left the question of interest for adjustment between the parties. This has not been accomplished. ENDORSE CHARLESTON. CHARLESTON-About 100 bankers from Group Four, composed of Kanawba and Border counties and the counties east of the Virginia line, met here Tuesday and unanimously adopted a resolution endorsing Charleston for a Branch Regonal Bank. VOL. 33 NO. 9. HONOR TO MEMORY OF JAMES RUMSEY Inventor of the Steamboat—Monument to Be Erected This Summer At Shepherdstown. Senator Gray Silver has received notice through H. W. Potts, president of his unanimous election as member of the Rumseyan Society, which is founded at Shepherdstown, the home of the world renowned inventor for whom the society is named. Senator Silver was largely instrumental in getting a bill passed by the last legislature appropriating most of a fund of $20,000 which will be used toward the erection of a Rumsey monument this summer at Shepherdstown. James Rumsey was the first man to put into practical application, steam as propelling power on the water in a small steamboat, and which he tested in the Potomac river at Shepherdstown in 1784. The honor of the invention has often been claimed by the friends of others, and one of the purposes of this society is to collect data that will forever set aside the claims of these would-be usurpers of the honor rigorfully belonging to James Rumsey. POPULATION OF CITY GIVEN OUT POPULATION OF CITY GIVEN OUT According to the Census Bureau We Have Gained More Than 1,000 Since 1910. (By United Press.) WASHINGTON, D. C., Apr. 27.—Martinsburg is today a city of 12,032 population, according to an estimate given out by the census bureau this morning. This would indicate a growth of 1,334 in the last four years and places the city within 207 of having as many as Morgantown. The estimates given out today are based upon the same annual increase as the average increase from 1900 to 1919, and are given as of July 1, 1914. Estimates of the present population of some of the other West Virginia cities are as follows: Wheeling, 42,817; Huntington, 41,515; Charleston, 27,703; Parkersburg, 19,719; Bluefield, 13,974; Morgantown, 12,239; Fairmont, 11,439; Clarksburg, 11,394, and Moundsville, 10,433. COLORADO CIVIL WAR MUST CLOSE Direct Demand Is Made Upon John D. Rockefeller Who Owns the Mines. (By United Press.) WASHINGTON, D. C., April 27. That a direct demand has been made upon John D. Rockefeller to take steps immediately to end the Colorado civil war was learned here today. Rockefeller is the dominant financial factor of the Colorado Feul and Iroa Company, and practically controls every mine whose employees are now on a strike. It is understood that Chairman Foster, of the house mines committee, is in New York in conference with Rockefeller. ROUGH ROAD TO CITY OF MEXICO Railway Winds Up Mountains For 263 Miles—Many Dangerous Spots. The road from Vera Cruz t oMexico City, 263 miles long, which will stretch before the American forces on their inland march, is beset at many points with danger spots amid grand and imposing mountain scenery. From Vera Cruz, which lies four feet above sea level, it rises to dizzying heights of more than a mile and a half above the towers of the seaport. The railroad is rich in tennies and short, sharp turns amid the mountains, and crawls reverberatingly over narrow and dangerous bridges spanning chasms and gorges of dizzying depth. Just beyond Vera Cruz, where sand dunes alternates with marsh lanes and wild jowl rend the air with weird crises and shrieking, lies the Laguna de Cocos (cocosnut lagoon), where the Mexican army that defended Vera Cruz in the former Mexican war, surrendered to General Scott. Across the jungle tops range high blue hills and the Pico de Orizaba against the northern sky. A little further on the American troops will pass Soledad, where the peace treaty between the Spanish General Prim and the Mexican General Doblado was concluded in 1862. Here they will cross a bridge of 400 feet over the Itiо Jamaapa, on the right a deep gorge and the remains of an old Spanish causeway. The country is broken with hills and valleys. At Cameron, 65 kilometres from Vera Cruz, a white monument and stone slab at the left of the railroad tracks commemorate the French soldiers slain in the war of intervention. The road ascends through narrow valleys and rocky de files. High Bridges. A few miles beyond Paso del Macho, 76 kilometres from Vera Cruz, 1,500 feet high the railroad crosses the San Alejo bridge of 318 feet. A Chiquituate siding is another bridge 220 feet long and a little further on a third bridge spanning the Atoyac river, a roaring, leaping torrent in the wet season. The ascent becomes steeper and steeper, the railroad following a grade of four per cent that makes the engines short and wheeled the hills. Cane fields, bananas coffee, orchids and the rank vegetation of the tropics hem in these danger spots on all sides. The elevation ascends from 1,510 feet to 2,710 feet within 20 miles. At 106 kilometres from Vera Cruz the line passes through Cordoba, a town of 7,900 populated on, founded in 1618 by order of the Spanish Viceroy Don Diego Fernandez de Cordoba. It lies 2,713 feet above the sea on the slope of a littl hill called Kitango or the fertile valley of the Rio Seco, 168 miles from Mexico City. It is one of the most important towns in the state of Vera Cruz. A Dangerous Spot. Hard by Cordabo is a little fortress. Here could weedy grand scenery, the railroad passes one of the most fearsome points on the line, slowly and acciously gliding down one steel side of the deep Metlac Barranca. On the other side a yawning ravine in the depths of which a tropical river churns its way, is another line of radls on a terrace cut from the side of the precipice and at an angle similar to that of a tobaggon slide. Five tunnels interrupt this line before it reaches the higher level and turns the flank of the hill. The train glides slowly across the Metlac bridge, a skilful piece of engineering work 350 feet long built on a curve of 325 feet feet radius on a three per cent grade 92 feet above the river. Eight cast and wrought iron pillars uphold it. Trainmen dread the pass and consider it the most dangerous on the line. After leaving Metacla bridge, the train passes through tunnels so numerous that often the locomotive will be in on and the last car of the train in another. From the last of these tunnels the train emerges on an extensive table land. Orizaba, a quaint provincial city of 35,000 population, 4,028 feet above the sea level, and 134 kilomtres from Vera Cruz, is the next big town. There the Americans will find excellent beer and fine home-grown cigars. There are also huge cotton mills. The town is a favorite winter resort and one of the most important coffee centers in the land. "The Little Hell." After leaving Orizaba the railroad enters a gloomy barranca called El Inflernillo (the Little Hell) and crosses dizzy accel'vities, passing through tunnels and over streams that have worn deep chasms into the traprock. Clack crosses hard oy mark the last resting places of unfortunates who have fallen there, and warn wanderers of a similar fate if they slip from the winding track above. The landscape is beautiful, with pretty waterfalls and cascades. At Boca del Monte the railroad has attained an altitude of one and one-half miles above Vera Cruz and the fortress of San Juan de Ulua. The next station is Esperanza Then comes San Andres, 203 kilometres from Vera Cruz, from which point the run to the Mexican capital is across the Central Plateau, which is practically level thereabouts. Forty kilometres further on the road touches San Marcos where is a junction with the Interoceanic Railway, and where the relatives of old tested the prowess of the Spanish invaders in a fierce battle. There follow the stations of Apizaco, where there is a junction of the branch railroad to Puebla, and the station of Guadalupe, 300 kilometres from Ver Cruz, and the highest point on the line, 8,333 feet, 986 feet higher than Mexico City. This place is noted for its marvelous wilderness of huge centuryurp lants that fill the plain. At San Juan Teotihucacan, 10 kilometres further on, the great ancient pyramids can be seen on the right of the road, and at San Crictobal, 20 kilometres beyond, the railroad passes several hills like ancient ramparts, with the spires of Guadalupe on the right. This town, 420 kilometres from Vera Cruz and the sea, by its squat and dreary-looking huoses and neglected churches, used as storerooms, advertises the saburbs of the Mexican capital, and soon after reaching it the train draws up in Mexico City at the Buena Vista station. NEW POSTMASTER BEGINS HIS DUTIES J. Frank Thompson Now At His Desi In The Postoffice. Transfer It is now Postmaster J. Frank Thompson. Monday night the formal transfer of the office was made to him from Mr. Henshaw by Assistant Postmaster Kitchen, and this morning he entered upon his duties. For several days he has been familiarizing himself with his new work, and when he began his duties he was not at a loss to know what should be done. Today a number of citizens called and extended their congratulations to the new official and wished every success possible. A WATER SYSTEM FOR BERKELEY PLACE Matter Being Investigated By Public Service Commission—Hon. Wade C. Kilmer Here. Hon. Wade C. Kilmer, member of the Public Service Commission of West Virginia, is here and will look into the mater of the people of Berkeley Place, who are clamoring for water. The application was first made to the city council, and failing to get what they termed a satisfactory answer, one of the number, Hammond Reed, made complaint to the Public Service Commission, asking that the matter be investigated through the regular form of that body. MAC CORKLE QUITS THE PRESIDENCY Of the West Virginia Division of the National Highway Association. Former Governor W. A. MacCorkle, who was named the first president of the West Virginia Division of the National Highway Association, has tendered his resignation, assigning as his reasons that he could not spare the time from his private business to give his duties much attention. The former governor is an enthusiastic good roads man and his loss will be keenly felt. THREE MEXICAN GENERALS DISCUSS MEDIATION VILLA, CARRANZA AN DANGELES HOLD LENGTH CONFERENCE CONCERNING THE MEDIATION PROPOSITION BUT DECLINE TO COMMENT. GENERAL MAAS AND ARMY ARE LOCATED General Funston Prepares All Plans for Landing His Army and He Will Assume Full Command of the Land Forces—Aviator Bellinger Returns From Reconnoitering Trip and Following His Report the Outposts of the American Forces are Immediately Strengthened—European Pressure Aids in Bringing the Arrogant Ruler to Terms. (By United Press.) VERA CRUZ, April 28. The harbor where the fifth br Funston, would be landed, and bluejackets doing shore duty, the approaches to the town from VERA CRUZ, April 28.—The city this morning looked toward the harbor where the fifth brigade, under Brigadier General Funston, would be landed, and saw it had been relieved of the bluejackets doing shore duty, preserving order, and guarding the approaches to the town from possible attack. GENERAL MAAS LOCATED. Throughout the night General Funston and Rear Admiral Eadger exchanged radio messages. It is believed that the details of the landing have been settled and it is expected that Funston will relieve Rear Admiral Fletcher of the command on shore by noon. Scout Aviator Bellinger, after reconnoitering over Vera Cruz and vicinity, reported today that he had located General Maas and a thousand Federal soldiers beyond Soledad. The outposts of the American forces were immediately strengthened. Throughout the night General Funston and Rear Admiral Badger exchanged radio messages. It is believed that the details of the landing have been settled and it is expected that Funston will relieve Rear Admiral Fletcher of the command on store by noon. Scout Aviator Bellinger, after reconnoitering over Vera Cruz and vicinity, reported today that he had located General Maas and a thousand Federal soldiers beyond Soledad. The outposts of the American forces were immediately strengthened. GENERALS HOLD CONFERENCE CHIHUAHUA, Mexico, April ferals illa, Carranza and Angeles the difficulties involving the Uni held here. Carranza declined proposition. CHIHUAHUA, Mexico, April 28.—Conferences between Generals illa, Carranza and Angeles regarding their attitude towards the difficulties involving the United States and Huerta have been held here. Carranza declined to comment on the mediation proposition. STOMACH TROUBLE FOR FIVE YEARS Majority of Friends Thought Mr. Hughes Would Die, But One Helped Him to Recovery. Pomeroyton, Ky.—In interesting advices from this place, Mr. A. J. Hughes writes as follows: "I was down with stomach trouble for five (5) years, and would have sick headache so bad, at times, that I thought surely I would die. I tried different treatments, but they did not seem to do me any good. I got so bad, I could not eat or sleep, and all my friends, except one, thought I would die. He advised me to try Thedford's Black-Draught, and quit TWO YOUNG LADIES PREVENT A WRECK TWO YOUNG LADIES PREVENT A WRECK On Romney Branch When They Flagged a Train and Saved Many Lives. Two young ladies prevented the probable wreck of a passenger train on the Romney branch a few days ago. They flagged a train, preventing it from running on a burning bridge. The wooden bridge spanning the South Branch of the Potomac river, a short distance above bridge 14-A, was on fire. The young ladies explained that they had noticed the fire and had been fighting it for almost an al Funston and Rear Admiral res. It is believed that the desiccled and it is expected that ral Fletcher of the command on Bellinger, after reconnoitering ported today that he had located Federal soldiers beyond Soledad. trees were immediately strength- 28.—Conferences between Gen- regarding their attitude towards reed States and Huerta have been to comment on the mediation UBLE OR FIVE YEARS taking other medicines. I decided to take his advice, although I did not have any confidence in it. I have now been taking Black-Draught for three months, and it has cured me—haven't had those awful sick headaches since I began using it. I am so thankful for what Black-Draught has done for me." Thedford's Black-Draught has been found a very valuable medicine for derangements of the stomach and liver. It is composed of pure, vegetable herbs, contains no dangerous ingredients, and acts gently, yet surely. It can be freely used by young and old, and should be kept in every family chest. Get a package today. Only a quarter. hour. The fire, however, made rapid headway and the girls, knowing that the train was due, ran down the track, waving their aprons to flag it. The young women were Miss Cleda Landis and Miss Lee Lewis, both of Rigedale. Captain Frank M. Hardy, of the Baltimore and Ohio police force, and Brakeman W. B. Reddon and R. T. Timmons accompanied the girls to the scene of the fire and assisted in extinguishing the flames. The bridge had to be repaired before it was thought safe to have the train pass over it. The train arrived in Romney three hours late. Billy's Big Job. The Rev. Billy Sunday is going to conduct a revival in Huntington, West Virginia. We understand that he has a big job on his hands.—Shepherdstown Register. HISTORY REPEATS IN THE SITUATION Marcy's Instructions to General Taylor In 1845 Repeated In Present Crisis. "The information received as to the intention of Mexico and the measure she may adopt does not enable the administration to give you more explicit instruction with regard to your movements than those which already been forwarded to you. "There is reason to believe that Mexico is making efforts to assemble a large army on the frontier of Texas, for the purpose of entering the territory and taking possession of it. Should Mexico assemble a large body of troops, etc——" The above quotation was written on August 23,1845, by William L. Marcy, Secretary of War, to Gean Taylor in command of the United States troops in Texas. That the counterpart of this communication has more than once been sent to commanding officers not only about the Mexican border but at Vera Cruz in the present crisis gives emphasis to the old saw about "history repeating itself." How long the policy of watchful waiting can be maintained may be answered by what happened in the first Mexican war. Three days later further communications were sent to Gen. Taylor by Secretary Marcy not only contempating resistance to invasion by Mexican forces, but actually looking to the prosecution of a hold and aggressive war upon Mexico. Gen. Taylor was advised to call upon the nearby state militia for help without waiting for an authorization from Congress—a plain violation of the Constitution. Just before the outbreak of the Mexican war, Secretary Marcy, at President Polk's behest, wrote another letter to Gen. Taylor, which has a strangely familiar ring in view of recent announcements by President Wilson. That letter said: "It is not designed in our present relations with Mexico that you treat her as an enemy; but should she assume that character by a declaration of war, or any open act of hostilities toward us, you will not act merely on the defensive if your relative means enable you to do otherwise." Paste it in your hat, my friends, your local paper is worth more than the big city sheet padded with material from the ends of the earth. Belington Progressive. STEVENS For Partridge, Wood- cock, Squirrel or Rabbit Shooting the 44 GAUGE SHOTGUN No. 101 IS A WONDER 26 inch barrel, weighs 4 lbs., take-down. For 41 X L., 41 W.C.F. Shot and 44 "Game Getter" Cartridges. List Price Only $5.00 No other bore or gauge of shot- gun efficient under so great a variety of conditions. Song for detailed des- cription and "GUNS AND GUNNING." All five dealers handle STEVENS J. STEVENS ARMS & TOOL COMPANY P.O. Box 5005 CHICOPEE FALLS, MASS. Are You a Woman? Take Cardui The Woman's Tonic FOR SALE AT ALL DRUGGISTS F4 Typhoid Fever Campaign ONLY ANVASION CAN 1442 PENSIONERS SAVE AMERICANS MEXICAN WAR ROLL Conducted By the United States Public Health Department, Under the Auspices of the State Board of Health. Statistics for the last ten years show that Lawrence county has the second highest typhoid death rate of any county in the state. This campaign against typhoid is for the benefit of the people and to show them how to have the lowest typhoid death rate instead of the highest. It means large sums of money will be saved to the people of the county, and their health and happiness greatly increased. About the first of May without expense to the county, the United States Department of Health will send to Lawrence county Dr. L. L. Lumsden, a famous typhoid fever expert. He will have with him several physicians, all trained in disease prevention. This investigation and campaign is upon the invitation and under the auspices of the State Board of Health, who will send at least three men to assist in the fight against the Monster Typhoid. Although this work is under the auspices of the State Board of Health, Past Assistant Surgeon Lumsden will lead and conduct the work. A laboratory will be establish Every Interior Mexican City Holds United States Civilians as Hostages. (By William G. Shepherd.) VERA CRUZ, Mexico, April 27. Ecvery interior city of Mexico is holding American prisoners as hostages. With the exception of Charge Nelson O'Shaughnessy, every member of the diplomatic party arriving at Vera Cruz from Mexico City, privately expressed the opinion that the early arrival of troops in the capital and the overthrow of the dictator Huerta will save the marooned Americans. At almost every town between Vera Cruz and Mexico City and Americans are being held prisoners. This I learned upon meeting O'Shaughnessy and his party four miles from Vera Cruz, where they were transferred from the special train furnished by Huerta to the American train that bore them into this city. The passage of O'Shaughnessy's train from the capital was most dramatic. The charge, with his wife and son, Consul General Shanklin and members of the embassy staff, left Mexico City at midnight Thursday. Mobs were then in front of the embassy. At the station, Americans besieged the train, pleading that they be permitted to accompany the fleeing party. Col. Ramon Caraona, assigned by Huerta to escort O'Shaughnessy from the city, flatly refused. Huerta Seizes Rifles. "Before the departure, Huerta sent 200 soldiers to the embassy to seize the 275 rifles and two machine guns which were stored there for the defense of the American citizens. The American volunteer guards were expected to defend their arms, but on the advice of O'Shaughnessy they surrendered the weapons without resistance. Then began the trip for Vera Cruz, during which the heart of everyone in the diplomatic party was to be touched by the appeals of countrymen for aid. At the towns of Orizaba, Cordova and Jalapa Americans were crowded about the stations. They pleaded with the American charge to be taken aboard his train. O'Shaughnessy was helpless. These stranded Americans had been taken from train bound for Vera Cruz. At Cordova an American wearing a British flag sneaked to the side of the train and handed a note to one of the consulate employees. This note read: "Blisser, Erford, Whitcomb, and a good many other Americans are being held in a jail here. They were taken off a train, and are being held as hostages in case Americans attack the town. They want to know if you can't help?" ed at Bedford or Mitchell and a complete survey of the county will be made. Every home where typhoid has existed within the past three years will be visited, and also every home where typhoid conditions exist. Literature will be distributed; meetings will be held; illustrated lectures will be given, and in this way the people $_{\mathrm{e}}$ will learn that typhoid is a pr ventable disease. The State Board of Health exihbit will be shown throughout the county, and the people $_{\mathrm{e}}$ come face to face with conditions which surround them. Much valuable information pertaining to sanitation and the prevention of disease can be gained from this exhibit. This campaign is one of the $e$ most fortunate things that could befall a people—in fact it is a real blessing. I appeal to the people to receive these officials of our government and state kindly, and render them all assistance possible. Talk of this coming work; attend the meetings a.12 let us as citizens of Lawrence county; do all in our power to show our appreciation of the great work that is being done for our benefit. J. D. BYRNS, Co. Health Com. Government is Still Paying Big Sum for the Conflict That Cloesd in 1848. Although it is nearly 66 years since the war with Mexico was ended officially, on July 4, 1848, there are 1442 veterans of that war upon the rolls of the pension bureau at the close of the last fiscal year, each drawing $30 a month. There are also 5,123 widows of soldiers in that war getting pensions from the government. As there were only 30,954 regulars and 73.776 volunteers, a total of 112,230 American soldiers engaged in the struggle, which officially began 68 years ago on Friday, the soldiers of that period must have been a hardy lot, for a boy of 15 at the close of the war would now have passed the Scriptural allotment of three score and ten and been well on in the second half of his fourth score of years. The large number of widows on the rolls is accounted for by the fact that, as in the case of Civil War veterans, many hundreds of those who fought in Mexico under Scott took second and even third wives late in life. Soldiers of the Mexican War and their dependents received no pensions for their service until nearly 31 years after the war closed, the first act for their benefit bearing the date of January 30, 1887. Since that time the cost of their pensions to the government, up to the close of the last fiscal year, was $47,632,572. A number of proposed reform measures, such as a workingman's compensation law, an anti-pass law, the initiative and referendum and an act to create a public utilities commission, are expected to figure as issues in the state campaign in Wyoming this year. It is said the adoption of these measures will be urged by the Republican. Progressives app Independents. Democratic leaders in New Hampshire expect Governor Felker to be a candidate for the nomination for United States senator this fall. MORE THAN 3,000 MORE THAN 3,000 Which Gives Us a Population of 13,300 or an Increase of Sixty Four Per Cent. The registration for the city election has been completed, and shows that there are 3,100 persons eligible to vote. Basing this on the percentage of 4.3 persons for each voter the city has a population of 13,300. If we continue at this increase until the next census is taken the city will show a growth of 64 per cent. The last census gave us an increase of 42 per cent, which was only equaled by a few places in the state. POULTRY KEEPING IN THE SUBURBS How the Business Can Be Made With Comparatively Little Cost. Of the various kinds of live stock, poultry is most widely adapted to suburban conditions for several reasons. It can be handled successfully on a very small amount of land. The waste products from the kitchen and the table may be $ \mathrm{b}_{e} $ used to advantage as feed. The care of the chickens is pleasant work, is comparatively simple, and may be done by any member of the family. Eggs and dressed poultry are always in demand and may be sold to advantage in any quantity, or used at home, thus furnishing a strictly fresh product which is hard to secure under general market conditions; and in addition, the care of poultry may provide recreation for adults, employment and good discipline for the children, and be a source of income to the housewife, or saving in the food account for the family, say poultry specialists of the department of agriculture. The following breeds are among the most popular in this country: Plymouth Rocks, Wyandottes, Rhode Island Reds, Orpingtons and Single-Comb, White Leghorns. The Leghorns belong to the egg-laying class of fowls, lay a white egg and are especially adapted to large, commercial egg farms, or to sections where a white egg brings a premium over brown eggs. The other breeds belong to the general-purpose class, and lay brown eggs. They are better adapted to the average person, or the farmer who keeps only a small number of fowls, as they are good layers and also make good table poultry. Another advantage of the general-purpose breeds is that they will hatch eggs and brood their chickens, while the Leghorns, and other breeds of the egg-laying class are non-sitters. A great variety of methods of feeding and caring for poultry are used successfully. Hatching and brooding, or rearing chickens under hens, is the best method to use where a small number of chickens are raised, and especially if the care is not to be irregular. Incubators and brooders may be used also, but they increase the cost of equipment considerably. Chickens can be reared under hens successfully by keeping the hens confined in the brood coop, while allowing the chickens to room at will. When many fowls are kept in a small space, the ground becomes so foul that in time it becomes difficult to rear chickens with good success. In order to avoid this condition, it is advisable to divide the lot and sow part of it with some of the quick-growing grains such as oats, wheat or rye. By this method the yards may be rotated every three or four weeks during the growing season, turning the hens onto the growing grain when it is a few inches high. A good combination of grains is oats and wheat in equal parts, sowing 6 or 7 bushels to the acre (43,560 sq.ft.), and using wheat alone for the last seeding in the fall. The prime essentials in poultry houses are fresh air, dryness, sunlight, and space enough to keep the birds comfortable. Allow about 4 square feet of floor space per bird for the general-purpose breeds, and 3 square feet for the smaller breeds. A good egg-laying ration may be made of a dry mash of equal parts of corn meal, bran, middlings and beef scrap, which is kept before the birds in a hopper all of the time; and a scratch ration of equal parts of corn, wheat and oats fed in a litter 4 to 5 inches deep twice daily. Regulate this feed so that the birds eat about one-half mash and one-half scratch grain, which will mean feeding about 1 quart of mixed grains daily to 12 Plymouth Rock hens, or to 14 Leghorns. In order to utilize the waste table products to the best advantage, a moist mash may be used in place of the dry mash, feeding once daily. If it contains much meat, table scratch may be substituted for the beef scrap; if not, merely add it to the mash given above. The selection of stock is a matter of considerable importance, as a great deal of one's success or failure with poultry depends upon the individual specimens used to breed from Care should be taken to select the early maturing, fast-growing pullets. Hens will not, as a rule, lay until they are well matured; consequently It can be readily seen that the slow growing breeds will not begin to lay as soon as the former. A good index to a hen's ability to pay a profit over the cost of feed and labor in her ability to be continually on the move it is advisable to keep but one breed of pure-bred foals, as the product from a flock of the same variety is more uniform than that from a flock of mixed breeds or mongrel stock. It takes a healthy, well-fed flock to produce eggs. Fowls must not be allowed to become too fat, as but few eggs will be laid by hens in such condition. To prevent their getting overfat, it is best to make them work for most of their feed by scratching in the litter, of which there should be about 4 inches on the floor. This litter can be of straw, leaves, or chaf and should always be kept dry. A good feed for egg production is one composed of corn, wheat, and oats, equal parts by measure. It advisable to use home-grown grain whenever possible. In section corn and oats do not thrive, other grains can be used to good advantage; for example, a mixture of equal parts by measure of kafir corn, oats and barley will produce good results. Scatter a small handful of this mixture for every three hens in the litter morning and noon, and give them all they will eat of it in a V-shaped trough at night. In the $ \mathrm{e} $ winertime some green feed should be fed a noon; cabbage or mangel-wurzel either chopped or whole, are good. Every few days look in the litter carefully and see if the fowls are eating all the $ \mathrm{e} $ grain being given them if not reduce the quantity. Fowls that have to work for what feed they get seldom become overfat. Grit and oyster shells in a hopper should always be kept before them. The grit is used to grind their feed, and the oyster shell furnishes the lime for the eggshells. $ \mathrm{B} $ sure to keep water before them at all times. Birds that are laying drink much more water than those that are not laying. The water should be kept out of the direct rays of the sun. The period of time it takes to hatch eggs of the domestic hen is 2 days. There are two methods of incubation and brooding, namely, natural and artificial. In natural incubation and brooding the hen is allowed to sit on a nest of eggs and brood or mother the young chicks when hatched. FEW PEOPLE REALIZE STRENGTH OF FLEET Americans are Justly Proud of Their Navy—Nothing Goes Out of Style as Quickly as Warships WASHINGTON, April 25.—Few of the millions of newsepaper readers who learned through the press on April 14 that the entire Atlantic fleet had been order to Tampico, realized the strength of that great organization or what it meant to get the breadnaughts under way. Americans justly are proud of their navy, but how many knew that this is the greatest offensive naval force the world has ever seen? The American navy is outranked by the British, German and French fleets, with Japan close behind. But so great has been the progress in naval construction in the past decade that the Japanese fleet which gave battles to the Russians in the Sea of Japan would have been absolutely helpless against the force which the United States sent to Mexican waters to avenge the insults offered to the stars and stripes. The battle of the Sea of Japan was the greatest naval engagement in history inasmuch as the ships engaged there were far stronger than any which previously had fought. Despite this fact, however, a naval expert recently asserted that the force which sailed for Tampico under the command of Rear Admiral Badger on April 15 would not have had the slightest difficulty in destroying the Japanese and Russian fleets combined, as they were at the time of the Russo-Japanese war. "This statement sounds a little improbable," said the naval expert who has had a hand in the increased efficiency of the modern battleships, 'but a moment's consideration will show that it is quite logical. "In the first place there is nothing which goes out of 'style' as quickly as a modern battleship. Five years is the limit of their top-notch of efficiency and the majority do not last that long. They are then relegated to the 'second line' of battle and then they drop rapidly until they have to go into reserve, the scrap heap of the navy. "None of the ships which took part in the Russo-Japanese war would compare in any way with those in our secondary line of battle at the present time. And our dreadnoughts could stand out of their range and take them fore and aft with their big fourteen-inch shells while the enemy will be utterly helpless. It would be nothing short of murier. In a course at Annapolis recently the problem was asked the Senior Class at the Naval Academy whether they would prefer to have a fleet of the old Oregon or a single ship of the type of the New York. The majority of the class chose rightly—the single New York would be worth more than one hundred Oregons in a battle. In the first place, the New York could hit and totally disable practically all the Oregons before the latter could get into range. There is no reason why the gunners on the New York or the Texas could not destroy the entire opposing fleet before any of the hundred vessels got near enough for the shells to ricochet anywhere near the broadnought. This will give you some idea of the rapidity with which battleships grow old and have to be disarranged. That is also the reason why it is better to scrap an old ship or to use her for target practice for the useful vessels of the navy than to pay out real money for her maintenance in some navy yard where it costs considerable money to keep her sex-worthy. "Of course, the vessels which participated in the battle of the Sea of Japan were for in advance of the Oregon, but not so far as are our present vessels in advance of those of twelve years ago. A dozen years spells the difference between youth and old age in a battleship, and as in other walks of life, the battle nearly always is to the strong and youthful. The exceptions are too infrequent to affect the reading of the rule. THE LEAGUE OFFICERS NAMED WEDNESDAY Huge Banquet At City Hotel For Election—Col Baughman Buried With Applications. With the organization of the Frederick team, and similar conferences in Hagerstown and here today and tomorrow, all eyes are now fixed on the tri-city meeting on Wednesday afternoon in the New City Hotel in Frederick. At this conference, not only will the permanent officers of the league be elected, but complete rules and regulations to govern the three, teams will be laid down, the name of the league decided upon and a joint committee chosen to draft plans for the immediate compilation of schedule. No names have been mentioned as yet for the various officers of the league. There will be four offices, and of course each city will ask to be represented on the official board. A huge banquet will be served the visiting magnates by the Frederick fans and those wishing to attend the affair can obtain particulars by calling at this office. The directors of the Martinsburg and Hagerstown clubs will be the guests of the directors of the local aggregation. Colonel Baughman said yesterday afternoon that during the past two days he has been overwhelmed with applications for places on Frederick's squad. One of the applicants is no other than "Buddy" Muth, a former Frederick star. "Buddy" wants to play there this season more so than any place else. During his last stay in Frederick, he banked the Baltimore Orioles and helped Frederick to carry off the hauls from the minor league team. He has been at the game ever since and his application will in all probability be answered when a manager is elected by the club. DR. TONKIN WILL NOT ACCEPT THE CAPTAINCY Late Saturday evening Dr. H. G. Tonkin received notice over "long distance" advising him of his appointment as surgeon of the medical staff of the West Virginia National Guard, with the rank of captain. This commission Dr. Tonkin was very reluctantly declined, because of the great sacrifice it would mean to him to give up his lucrative practice here for an indefinite period.