The Pioneer Press

"HEKE SHALE THE PRESS, THE PEOPLE'S MUST MAINTAIN, LNAWED BY INFLUENCE AND UNBRIBED BY GAIN" The Pioneer 6STABLISHED 1882 THE CAPITOL Washington in the Days When John Adams Was President. When Adams came into the presidency the stately observances of Washington's day were not allowed to lapse. Even transplanting the seat of government from Philadelphia to the unfinished town on the Potomac had served only to jolt and rather humorously distort them. With the child of new plaster pervading the executive residence, Mrs. Adams despaired of getting sufficient wood either for love or money from the growing trees surrounding it or all its yawning fireplaces and dispel the dampness. She put the great audience room to the only use its unfinished condition permitted—driving the president them. Looking from its unglazed windows over the small and scattered groups of houses, all that had yet materialized of L'Enfant's imposing plan, she reflected that their inhabitants must subsist like fishes, by eating each other. But she played her role of president's lady with spirit, maintained her hours for levees and answered the "fishes" when they came to call that she thought the new capital had a beautiful situation. It had indeed. Half way between Maine and Georgia, at that time our northern and southern boundaries; inland, but at the head of tide water on a noble stream; planned along generous lines to cover a succession of hills upon which a city once built could not be hid, it was and seemed likely to remain fairly central. Even the most optimistic patriot could not foresee how far that mythical reality, the center of population, was to travel westward decade by decade during the next century, unimpeded by war or misfortune, until the city on the Potomac was left upon the edge of our great country.—Helen Nicolay in Century. THE BIBLE IN AFRICA It Is Read There In 148 Languages and Dialects. On the continent of Africa alone the New Testament or parts of it have been translated into 148 languages and dialects. The two latest additions are Dabidh, a language of British East Africa, and Limba, the language of a tribe in the hinterland of Sierra Leone. Parts of the New Testament have actually been translated into pidgin English, that strange lingo, half baby talk and half slang, which is the chief means of communication through all the cast. The difficulties presented in translating the New Testament into this barbarous hotch-potch must have been tremendous, but they have been surmounted. Another language of the same sort is Chinook. This consists of about two-fifths Chinook, two-fifths red Indian tongues and the rest English and Canadian French. It is the tongue of barter on the Pacific coast of Alaska and the Dominion. At least 50,000 Indians speak it, and lately St. John's gospel has been issued in this jargon for their special benefit. There is also a version of the Scriptures translated into the primitive language of the head hunters of Borneo. It was made by German missionaries, printed in South Africa, paid for with British money and circulated in Papua.—London Answers. Difference In Woods Timber is classed as hard or soft, and the main point of difference between the trees that produce these classes is that the soft wooded tree has "needle leaves," slim, narrow and almost uniform in breadth, while the hard wood trees have broad leaves of various shapes. Again, some soft wood trees carry cones, such trees being termed conifers. Resin, too, is more characteristic of soft than of hard wood. To the class of soft woods belong the pines, spruces and firs, and the most common examples of these are yellow pine, white fir, pitch pine and spruce or red fir. In the commoner hard woods are oak, beech, mahogany, ash, walnut, plane, elm, birch and ebony. The envious man pines in plenty, like Tantalus up to the chin in water and yet thirsty.—T. Adams. He Proved It. "My dear child," said the fond mother, "if you marry Henry, do you think he will have the force to lift himself above his fellow men to a level with you?" "Why, of course I do, mamma. Don't you remember how he climbed the eight stories to our apartment the other night when the elevator was broken?" —St. Louis Post-Dispatch. Puzzled Him Uncle Ben, a very careful old darky, was a witness in a shooting case. "Were the shots simultaneous, uncle?" inquired the prosecuting attorney. "Well, boss, you see, hit wuz dis way," replied the witness, with great deliberation. "Dem shots come so close togederd dat I can't be sho' ef dey wuz or not."—Arsonaut. Fixed. Super — No, sir, the ghost hasn't walked for two weeks. Crittick—I saw the leading man with a wad today. He must have got his salary. Super—Oh, yes; he's the star. Crittick—What you might call a "fixed" star, eh?—Philadelphia Ledger. Practical Way. Gladys—I wonder which is the easiest way to acquire a fine sweeping gait? Mother—Just go over there and take that broom—Baltimore American. BATTLE FIELD TACTICS Operations Involved In Consolidating a Position. In military reports and accounts of battles one often comes across the phrase "consolidating a position" without knowing just what it means. Consolidating a position means to so prepare it that it will offer the maximum resistance to an attack on the part of the enemy and the maximum protection to the troops holding it. Where trenches have been captured the first thing to be done is to make them face the opposite way from that in which they have faced. This is done by building loopholes and overhead covers on the side exposed to the enemy, which, of course, prior to the capture was the rear of the trench. When trenches have been partially destroyed by shell fire or mine explosions and then captured they have to be rebuilt facing the enemy. As no communicating trenches exist leading from the captured trench to the one the attackers came from, they have to be built connecting with this main position in such a way as to prevent the enemy from taking it in the flank. All this work and any other which may be done to strengthen the captors' hold is meant when a report speaks of consolidating a position.—Spokane Spokesman-Review. Winning a Reputation. An amusing story of how he won the title of being the champion cocoanut shier among the clergy is told by the bishop of Chelmsford. He informed a gathering of clergymen, says the London Globe, that when vicar of Bethnal Green he took a party of workingmen to Epping forest and was there challenged to have a shy at the cocoanuts. He accepted and, paying his sixpence, was given seven balls. Then something happened which would not happen again were he to live to be as old as Metjuselah. With those seven balls he knocked off seven cocoanuts. He has lived on the reputation of that feat ever since, and when any one asked him to have a coconut shy he said, "You go and knock seven off with seven balls and then I will speak to you." Pride of Ancestry. "I've looked up your family tree," said the genealogist. "but I doubt if you will be pleased with it. Your great-great-grandfather was hanged for murder; your great-grandfather was imprisoned for robbery; your grandfather was tarred and feathered for beating his wife. That's not a very good record, is it?" "I should say it is," replied the other emphatically. "It shows the family is getting better with each generation. I'm an improvement on the entire bunch—never been in jail yet. Let me have those records—I'm proud of 'em."—Boston Transcript. Animal Swimmers The Best of All, Though Not the Swiftest, is the Polar Bear. Nearly all animals are better swimmers than man and take to the water naturally, while he has to learn to propel himself. The rhinoceros and hip popornis are wonderful swimmers and divers, while the Indian elephant crosses great rivers with heavy loads. The elk and the reindeer are first class swimmers. The eel keeps his head above water to avoid direct foot ban! He can swim to the bottom. The reindeer can swim to the bottom as often as he likes, but he has head only to keep the nose above the water. But of course we never criticize the best, the most one swims best, as the polar bear hunts the pies and his time in the ice swimming and diving. His swimming power is nothing short of infinity, so it is remembered that the water on the ice bears the creatures is invariably cool and that cool is not only productive to good swimming. There are ways that can swa from forty to fifty kilometers without great effort. One of the swiftest swimming animals is the pulled. A sportsman on one occasion having at hand a squirrel born in captivity, which had never seen water wanted to see if it could swim and took it with him in a rowboat to the center of a lake. The squirrel turned toward the bank, head and paws above the water, back and tail underneath it, and began to swim so rapidly that it was with the greatest difficulty that the man recovered it when it reached the shallow water near the land. It is said that even many nonquattle birds will swim like ducks if an attempt be made to drown them. - Pearson's Weekly. Passing of the Whale. The whale is passing and rapidly. Modern means of destroying him have reduced his numbers until, comparatively speaking, only a few remain. Ten years ago the whalers operating from the various Newfooundland stations made an annual catch of 1,500. Today a catch of 200 in a year is considered remarkable. The whale will soon be extinct at that rate.—Boston Herald. "Well, what is the professor up to now?" "More scientific research. He is conducting experiments to determine the exact velocity with which a man drops a hot potato" - Louisville Courier Journal. Just a Lapse. Hokus—I actually caught Longbow telling the truth yesterday. Pokus Wasn't he embarrassed? Hokus—Only momentarily He immediately tried to lie out of it. Life. Repetition Desired. He—Dearest, this kiss tells you all I have to say. Have you understood me? She—Oh, please say it again.—Boston Transcript. A woman nowadays is only as old as her clothes.—Mrs. John Lane. Nelson Won the Elgin Marbles Lord Elgin, whose name has been so inseparably associated with the famous sculptures, never saw them in their original places in the Parthenon. He employed artists to make him drawings of the sculptures, and it was they who urged him to have the wonderful reliefs of ancient Greece removed to England to save them from destruction. Elgin repeatedly appealed to the porte for permission to remove them, but the request was refused until Trafalgar. As soon as he heard of Nelson's victory the sultan said, "You may take them now as soon as you please."—London Mirror. No Nervous Strain. Crawford—The elephant sleeps only five hours out of every twenty-four. Crabshaw—Very true, but just stop and consider that the elephant doesn't have to attend lectures or the opera, listen to sermons or war talk or lend an ear to some fellow's description of his newest baby or car, and you will realize that he has a pretty soft time of it, taken all in all.—Life. Press. OUR NAVEL ORANGES. We Got Them From Brazil, Where They Were First Cultivated. The navel orange first appeared at Bahia, Brazil, as a bud sport of the Portuguese variety of orange, Laranja sebeta, and was first propagated by a Portuguese gardener at Bahia in 1822. These statements and those that follow are made on the authority of A. D. Shamnel, physiologist of the United States department of agriculture, Riverskle, Cal., who tells in the Journal of Heredity the results of an expedition to Brazil made by himself, P. R. Porsett and A. S. von Popeine. There are about 11000 trees growing navel oranges at Latino. The navel orange was introduced into the United States in 1873 by William Satinkers, horticulturist and land scape gardener of the patent office. He got the American council to send him some of the trees, which he built on seedlings grown in the government greenhouses. He sent two to Mrs. L. C. Tibbett of Riverside, Ct., and the others to Florida. The latter never amounted to much, but the former thrived and are still living and bearing fruit. All the navel orange trees in California are their progeny. There are about 100,000 acres of this variety in that state, and about 10,000,000 boxes are produced every year. The navel orange cannot be grown from seed, as it contains no seed. It is in California generally boulded upon stocks from the Mission sweet seedling orange. THE SEVEN DAYS' KING. Short and Tumultuous Career of a Neapolitan Fisherman. In 1647, when the kingdom of Naples was under the grinding rule of Spain, a fisherman of Sorrento was stung to madness by the indignities offered his wife by Spanish officials because she had attempted to smuggle a few handfuls of flour. So furious was he that he tore down an edict that had just been posted by the authorities. The whole population, including women and children, rallied around him. Forty years of Spanish oppression had made them frantic. They terrified the viceroy, resisted the soldiers' success, fully and killed many of the Spanish residents. They secured a revocation of oppressive edicts, the abolition of oppressive taxes and full pardon for all who organized in the insurrection. The fisherman, whose name was Masunjiele, was the leader in all this and became the idol of the people. He raided Naples for seven days, but his success seems to have turned his head. He became dictatorial and oppressive and was put to death by the popstree. Hence he is called the "seven days king." Argonaut. In the smaller towns and country districts people say "we" when they speak of governmental activity. "We" build the courthouse and got it done at low cost. "We" organized the high school. "We" pay the expenses of keeping prisoners in the jail. In the big cities people say "they." "Why don't they do thus and so?" People wonder when the city government falls down. It isn't a personal matter with them. The government is their government. It belongs to everybody else. There is a world of difference in the two attitudes. When the people of the cities get to saying "we" about their cities and counties, then they are going to clean house and take possession.—Kansas City star. "Some folks want funny inscriptions engraved on their silver," said the jeweler. "Take wedding knives. Many wedding cakes are such mountainous affairs that a special knife is required to cut them. One of last month's brides cut her cake with a knife that was a present from her aunt. I guess got many of the guests got to read the inscription. If they had they would be talking about it yet. These knives are supposed to be used for cutting the bride's cake and then bib on the shelf for the rest of the time, but the aunt couldn't distinguish, apparently, between wedding and birthday cakes, for she made us engrave on the knife, 'May I serve thee well and often.'"—New York Press. "We" and "They" What the Knife Said. Mamertine Prison. Where King Jugurtha and St. Paul Were immured. The reputed place of St. Paul's long imprisonment, the Forum, is the center of the noblest ruin of Rome. Not far from the center of the busy, noisy, modern city rise the scurred ruins of her ancient bury. There are the temple of Saturn, with its eight columns; the often suspect three columns of the temple of Caesar and Pollux, the arch of Septimius Caesar, the temples of Vestia and Caesar and many other famous ruins, and beyond are the palaces of the Cleopatra. Not far away is the magnificent column of Trajan, 147 feet in height, around which run relics of the emperor's wars, consisting, it is said, over 2,000 sculptured human figures. Close to the entrance to the Forum, this most wonderful collection of the ruined modern ceilings of ancient times, is a small church called the Church of St. Giorgi dei Palestini. Under this church are two dwellings, an upper and a lower, called the Mamertine prison, and from a hole in the upper chamber prisoners were lowered into the noisome hole below, sometimes to perish miserably or to surrender, as did Jugurthus, king of Nanjinja, with whom schoolboys bequeathed so favourable to their first year of birth. In this chapter, we counted thousands of Christian believers, St. Paul and St. Peter were measured, and every year on the night of the 4th of July representatives of all the churches of Rome assemble by torchlight and "in solemn silence kneel in front of the traditional pilgrim"—Christian Herald. ART WORK IN WOOD A Striking Cameo Effect and How It Was Produced. "I saw a new thing in the art line the other day which surprised me and, I may also say, pleased me," said an art resort dilemite in a group of kindred spirits. "It was what the artist called a wood cuneo, and it was something I had never seen before. "That it was wood did not appear as it hung on the wall, and I asked him for particiars. It was about a foot square with a oval center, containing a bas-relief of a Greek goddess. The square was in ebony and mahogany and the head in white wood. "He had received his carneo effects by first building up his square with the three faces, glued and pressed so tightly that there were no marks of cleavage, and had cut through them exactly as carneo carvers cut through the usual shell carvings. The ebony front was plain, but finely polished, and the entire effect was excellent. " "He told me it was his first finished work, though he had been practicing for two years, and, while he was not entirely satisfied with it, there was considerable consolation to him in the fact that he had an offer of $100 whenever he wanted to dispose of it."—New York Times Famous Abductions. Marriage by abduction was by no means uncommon in the early ages. The daughter of the king of Argus was abducted by a Phoenician. The Greeks carried off Europa from Tyro and Medea from Colchis. Next to the abduction of the fair Helen, perhaps the most remarkable in its political consequences was the king of Leinster's taking away of the wife of a neighboring petty sovereign, O'Nourke of Brefful. The king of Connaught avenged the ussuit and drove from the throne his brother of Leinster, who appealed to Henry U. of England for aid to recover his lost sovereignty. The Norman conquest of Ireland followed, with centuries of war and devastation. The Pedestrian Servians All Servian pennants are great walkers. A servant, given a short leave, will think nothing of footing it to his home, five and twenty miles off, and walking back after a short day spent with his family. It is quite in the ordinary way of their business for both men and women to be two days on the road to market.—London Chronicle. Devoted to the Moral, Religious and Financial Development of Humanity. RATES OF SUBSCRIPTION: 1 year ..... $1.50 6 months ..... 75c. 8 months ..... 40c. Pay for all advertisements is due in advance unless advertising is run by yearly contract, in which case the ad- vertiser pays every three months. Advertising 1 inch one time 75c. Standing ..... 50c. Reduced Rates to Clubs. Send for Sample Copies. Entered in Post Office at Martins- bourg, W. Va. as Second Class Matter. J. R. Clifford, Editor and Proprietor. Drawer 869, and Bell 'Phone 60K Martinsburg, W. Va. SATURDAY DECEMBER 25 1915 Chicago is the appointed place for the great National Republican Convention June 7, 1916. President Wilson has yet to say a word anent the death of Booker T. Washington. The hat of the Hon. A. A. Lilly, Attorney General, is in the gubernatorial ring, and his declaration is logically sound. With modernized improvements painting &c. our neighbor, Mr. H. N. Hopewell's house is a picture of beauty. Georgia has legislated that whiskey, beer and wine may be shipped into that state—an old-time Christmas near at hand. The French chef and white waiters of the South are fast disappearing, and colored cooks and waiters are taking their places. A white firm in a Mississippi town employs a colored book-keeper, and they say he is a top-notcher. Harrisburg Pa. has honored the name and worth of Dr. William H. Jones, a colored man, by unveiling a monument to his memory. Roosevelt, Bryan and Taft have vitriolized Woodrow Wilson's paper message into pulp: the wealthy class is angered over it and the great automobile army has its coat off, sleeves rolled up and teeth on edge. To all our readers on this Vuletide, the date of the birth of our Savior, 1915 years ago, our sincere wish is for the best of the season's blessings. May prejudice be nearer death on its next return, peace on earth and good will toward mankind be the slogan, is the prayer of the Pioneer Press. Mr. Ford will soon give his whole attention to preparedness for a safe trip homeward minus the olive branch of peace and many hundred thousand dollars. Far better for all of them to have stayed home and used that money trying to stop our christian war of lynching in America, for every one so killed by Christians is worse than a thousand killed in war. A distinguished Russian urges the use of pumpkin for the cure of kidney disease. Says it must be freely used three to six pounds a day. The pumpkin should be cut into small pieces, covered with water and boiled over a slow fire for two hours, and served with butter, milk or cream. One of his cases required 252 pounds to produce a cure in 80 days. Which is it, his color or stronger constitution, that makes the Negro immune to peilagra and trachoma? Never believed the use of corn meal caused the former, for that was their bread for centuries; and as to trachoma, or depiction of eye-sight, we believe that too much kinship in blood to keep riches and fraud fame on top caused it. May be wrong. Doubt it. What a devilish thing prejudice is. As the Liberty Bell was on its return home from California, a stop was made at Arlington, Texas, where thousands viewed it. A neat looking little colored girl, stood close to the bell, and one of the guards picked her up so she could kiss it. The hoodlums took offense, and almost caused a riot. Their contention was that it was teaching social equality. Had not the police interfered bloodshed would have been the result. Great country, eh? RECITAL AND CONCRET. Pretty nearly safe to say, that nothing of a musical satire was ever more significant of the power and genius of the darker shades of people than the "Recital and Concert" given by Mrs. G. W. B. Owerton and Miss Edith V. Cooper, of Cumberland, Md., last Wednesday night at the Dudley Baptist church. Miss Edith V. Cooper's voice is plaintive, full and highly attuned. When the science of nature is mastered as it is by the infesaid ladies, the wall of centuries of sorrow is turned into the sweetest of music. It is a soul shout to certain to its own, the exultation of hope, impressive tones of history—a train of prophecy. Mrs. Overton whose piano playing is a triumph of virtuosity and stamps her as a true musician, and not a piece of perfect machinery. Octaves, runs, scales, trills and chords came from her delicate brown fingers like magic. What a victory! what a hope! EDUCATIONAL FACTS. Criticism of education has reawakened with Mr. Taft's advocacy of Federal supervision of schools. Again, we may expect to witness our leading educators denounce American educational methods and bewilder the country with vague and conflicting plans to reform. But failures and radical changes were to be education and they merely point the path of progress. We took our teachings from the English, and our first college students were chiefly rich or well to do, but it failed when we came to democratic higher education. Latin and Greek are very difficult to master and they do little to equip a youth of success in a workaday world. This fact led to a reaction against the classics, into extended curriculum and superficial teaching. Students were taught a little of everything, and, quite naturally, knew nothing of anything. Our school graduated youths who could not spell and write English, but whose heads were stuffed with ill-digested masses of general information. Thoughtful men for sometime past have been in rebellion against such results; they demand something better, and even cast eyes of despair back towards the classics. But they are behind, and we must look forward. Indeed the problem is not so difficult as it seems. It is necessary for schools and colleges to take the resolution of teaching the rudiments with ruthless thoroughness. This done a wide choice may be left the student. A man may know neither Latin nor biology and be educated, he cannot be educated if he lacks the power of thinking clearly and expressing himself intelligently.—Richmond Times-Dispatch. SEE WASHINGTON, D. C. FOR 25 CENTS. 30 Interesting Post Card views of the Nation's Capitol 25cts., Thornton-Washington Novelty Co. 1807----9th St, N. W. Washington D. C. Send 5cts. in postage stamps for 1916 Calendar. MOONSHINE WAR ON IN WEST VIRGINIA U.S. Officials Busy Chasing Illicit Distillers In "Dry" State The following dispatch appeared in the Charleston, West Virginia, Gazette: Relentless war upon moonliners whom he says are operating in the mountains of Mercer county, has been declared by William Osborne, U. S. Marshall for the southern district of West Virginia, who in furtherance of his purpose, has secured from the department of justice at Washington permission to add more men to his force of deputies which was started to-day. Marshal Osborne, who led a force which captured two large stills in Mercer late in September, says that he has evidence that there are other stills in operation. Following the arrest of Otis and Arthur McBiride, young sons of Bird McBiride, on whose place the largest of the captured stills was found, the moonshiners have been resorting to oldtime tactics, according to Marshal Osborne, who says that horses have oeen killed and fences burned in retaliation of the supposed action of men suspected with furnishing the government with information. The two McBirides were given a preliminary hearing in Princeton Saturday and were bound over to the grand jury which meets in Charleston today. They are alleged to have been accomplices of their father in the operation of the still. PEACE RECESSIONAL (Apologies to Kipling.) Goddess of fortune, known of old, Fate of our thin brown battle line Beneath whose kindly hand we hold The love of peace from palm to pine; Goddess of Peace, make us aware Should we prepare? Should we prepare? The tumult and the shouting dies The peace ship sails to foreign shores We hear the thundering protests rise, We watch the flag which proudly soars. Goddess of Peace, hear thou our prayer, Should we prepare? Should we prepare? If deaf with din of war we lose All thoughts of bitter sacrifice, Or miss the greater good and choose A golden calf to canonize, Goddess of Peace, do thou declare. Should we prepare? Should we prepare? Appropriate. Little Johnny—Dad, there's a girl at our school whom we call Postscript Dad—Postscript? What do you call her Postscript for? Little Johnny—Cos her name is Adeline Moore.—Exchange. Indoor Occupation "You must take an interest in out- Soor sports," said the physician. "I do," replied the indolent citizen. "They provide my main reading every day."—Washington Star. The hearts of men are their books; events are their tutors; great actions are their oquence—Macauley. LADY WANTED To introduce our new fall line of dress goods in Martinsburg. You simply take orders from the large line of samples which we send to you. We ship you the orders, you deliver, collect and send us the money after taking out 1-4 of the amount collected which you keep as your profit. The work is easy and pleasant and you can make $10.00 to $25.00 weekly. Our line of dress materials appeals especially to ladies in the smaller towns and you can make a nice income during your spare time. Write at once for further information. Standard Dress Goods Co., 200 tenth St., Binghamton, N. Y. Economy and Fair Play Promised by Lilly Candidate for G. O. P. Nomination as Governor Makes Taxation the Paramount Issue SUBMITS HIS DECLARATION OF PRINCIPLES IN A CONCIS CLEAR MANDER FAVORING UNRESTRICTED RIGHTS FOR ALL POLITICAL PARTIES UNDER THE PRIMARY. Says He Is Opposed To the Williamson Charter But Stands F Permanent Highway Improvements; Free Text Books Where Necessary; the Promotion of Agriculture; "New Deals" And 'New Faces' In the State Departments; Rural Credit for Farmers and Other Important Legis- lation—Primary In June. Charleston, W. Va., Dec. 21.—Accoun- panied with a declaration of principles covering a variety of subjects in which the people of West Virginia are inter- ested, Attorney General A. A. Lilly today made his formal entry into the race for the Republican nomination, for Governor. The formal announcement of the Att- torney-General was made after he has carefully reviewed the political situa- tion in the state and followed weeks of observation and activity during which he has visited practically every section of the state and conferred with party workers. "The die is cast!" said Connelly this morning. "I am in the race for the nomination for Governor and expect to win. The encouragement I have received to become an active HON. A. 1 HON. A. A. LILLY candidate for the Governorship come from all sections of the state and from all elements within the party. The platform upon which I announce my candidate covers views on matters affecting the welfare of the people in the state." In his declaration of principles, General Lilly grades the parament for the question of taxation, compares the retrenchment in public office, the debarment for a life outside of the burden; for unjustified rights for political parties under the national law; the overthrow of the William Chambers for permanent highways; the provement; for court decisions in the public schools where necessary; the promotion of agriculture; "new deals" on "new faces" in the State Departments; the development of the water power under safe regulation; the proper administration of the Word man's Compensation Fund; rural credits for farmers from the compensation fund; reform of judicial procedure; the encouragement of legitimate business and industry, and freedom of the Legislature from executive control. Attorney-General Lilly was born in Summers County in 1878, grew to manhood in Raleigh County, graduate from the Athens State Normal School completed the law course of the Southern Normal University in Tennessee practiced law at Beechley was clocte member of the West Virginia Legislature in 1906, Prosecuting Attorney Raleigh County in 1904, a Republican Presidential elector in 1908. He was nominated for Attorney-General in 1912 without opposition, and with the remainder of the Republican state tickef was triumphantly elected, receiving the greatest number of votes of any candidate on the state tickef. His appointment follows: I am a candidate for the Republican nomination for Governor of West Virginia, submitting my claims to the primary election to be held in June next in presenting myself as a candidate. Deem it fair to give expression to my views upon the main issues now before the people for their consideration and on account of which they will make their selection of candidates. A. LILLY In the first place, I desire to say that I am a life-long Republican, and feel a pride in the traditions and history of my party. Recognizing itsorious achievements in the past, I have an abiding faith in a long continuation of its usefulness to the people, its patriotism and honesty of purpose, and I unhesitatingly pledge myself to stand firmly upon the principles that have made it great in both state and nation. On the matter of taxation, which is one of the most vital of our governmental concerns, I believe that no more taxes should be legal than will meet the actual necessities of government, economically administered. Taxation has come to be a serious burden to the people. A larger percentage of the income from property is being paid for maintaining government than is generally supposed. There is to be considered the prospect that federal taxation will be vastly increased under the plans for national defense to be considered by the present Congress, as well as provisions for an inexecutable Democratic extravagance. There is the additional prospect that provision will have to be made to dispose of the finding against the State of West Virginia by the Supreme Court of the United States in TAXATION. the Virginia Debt Case. Municipal, county and district taxation is steadily increasing, while the discouraging counter-fact appears that the means to pay has not increased correspondingly with the demands that are being made upon the people for more tax money. There should be the highest possible state of efficiency in the management of our institutions and the best possible service and comfort should be rendered to those depending upon them. The Republican party is committed to an economical administration of the state affairs, and it is my firm intention, if elected Governor, to exercise full diligence and care in seeking for the discovery of whatever elements of waste, extravagance or over-employment that now exists, to the end that strict economy may be practiced in all of our institutions and governmental agencies of whatsoever kind and character. A material saving in revenues can be accomplished by a careful pruning of the pay-rolls of the various institutions and governmental agencies, and a more general observance of economy in the conduct of the departments; and it is my solemn purpose to give it attention, employing all the legitimate authority and power of the Governor's office to the inauguration of methods and practices that will guarantee to the people a safe, progressive and economical administration of their business. I am positively opposed to the creation of any new office, board or commission of any kind or character and am likewise opposed to the increase of any salary for officers now employed. Unrestricted tax limitations often lead to wasteful and even criminal expenditures of public funds. I am in favor of a reasonable limitation law that will make it impossible to lay useless and burdensome levies on the taxpayers in any manner or for any reason whatsoever. PRIMARY ELECTION LAWS. Freedom of thought and political action or the maintenance of party entity should not be denied to any political organization within the state. The present primary election law should be so amended as to give to all political organizations equal opportunities to a fair and unrestricted right to a position on the ballot, both in primary and general elections. THE "WILLIAMSON CHARTER". In stating an opposition to the "Williamson Charter" enactment of the last Legislature, I do it upon the broad principles that communities having the right to exist in municipal form under our laws should not be deprived, even temporarily, of the right to select their own officers and manage their own affairs in conformity to law. This position is no departure from well-settled principles and customs. It is in keeping with the very latest Republican party declaration, made in convention at Huntington in 1912. It was there declared as a party doctrine that there should be a limit to the power of the Legislature in passing laws "creating and amending charters of cities, towns and villages," and providing that the same shall be made to conform to a "general law" so that "cities, towns and villages may have a system of government which will carry out the will of the people," etc. Under this view, resting as it does upon the principles of right and justice, the action of the Legislature, whatever transient purpose it may have sought to serve, of substituting the will of the chief executive of the state, no matter how worthy, for the will of the citizens of Williamson, is subversive of the popular ideas of government, and ought to be overthrown by legislative act at the earliest moment, to the end that other cities and communities may feel themselves removed from the danger of similar legislative encroachment. I believe in the rights of municipalities to elect their own officials. ROADS AND AUTO LICENSE. As a member of the Southern Appalachian Good Roads Association and a life-long citizen of the state, interested in its material development, I am in favor of the permanent improvement of our highways and believe that the national and state government should assist the local authorities in the establishment and maintenance of connected highways, and that all automobile licenses should be appropriated for the upkeep of the permanent roads of the state. SCHOOLS AND FREE TEXT BOOKS. The Republican party was the founder of the free school system and has actively promoted and generously maintained it for all the people, rich and poor, high and low, without regard to race or color. I am thoroughly in accord with the promotion of better schools and school conditions and believe that, whereas we have provided for compulsory school attendance, the state should, as a further advancement, furnish free text books, under an approved uniform system, to all whose necessities may require them. AGRICULTURE. Agriculture as a business ar merely as a means of livelihood should be encouraged among all those engaged in this calling. Its advantages as an occupation, when scientifically followed, should be called to the attention of the public generally. While much advancement in farming and farming methods have been noted, we have, as a people, subjected ourselves to the suspicion that too much attention has been paid to the flattering appeals laid open by our more prominent resources, while too little attention is given the equally promising business of farming. Our soil is yearning for the attention of skilled hands and is ready to yield favorable returns to all those willing to meet the conditions that the business demands. It should be the aim of the state to promote, as far as it legitimately curbs the welfare of the farmers and the advancement of their occupation. We should be at least self-supporting so far as is concerned the products of the farm, and ought not to be compelled to resort to the products of packing and cold storage houses brought here from without the state. NEW DEALS AND FACES It will be my aim to provide the most efficient help in the conduct of the people's business. The state departments will be run with the same object of getting results as any other business concern, and there should exist the same terms of employment as are approved in successful business institutions of private character. I will be my purpose, if Governor, to have a "new deal" and "new faces," as far as possible, keeping in mind of course, efficient service to the state THE VIRGINIA DEBT This is a matter to which I have given the most serious thought and devoted conscientious service during the past three years, and it is a subject concerning which I have strong personal convictions. But as the last regular session of the Legislature places the matter of settlement and compromise in the hands of a special commission, with which I am not officially associated, and as the matter of settlement is now under negotiation and in process of adjudication by said commission and the Virginia Debt Commission, it would not be proper for me, at this time, to make any statement in this regard, feeling the commission should have full and unembarrassed freedom of action in the premises. DEVELOPMENT OF WATER POWER. The annual waste of our water energy would, if scientifically conserved and properly utilized, under just and wise supervision, yield enormous revenues, which would lift, to a substantial extent, the burden of taxation, as well as provide the development of industries within the state. I believe in the development of our water power energy in a way that would invite capital, and at the same time, with such supervision and safeguards reserved in the state as would at all times insure safety and have due regard for both public and private rights. WOMAN SUFFRAGE. The Legislature of our state, acting under the authority conferred upon it by the constitution, and in keeping with the intelligent thought of the times, at its last regular session submitted to the voters of the state, for ratification or rejection, an amendment to the constitution, having for its object the enfranchisement of women. This puts the issue directly up to the people for settlement. My position is, that the people having been given the opportunity to pass upon this question, and the same being purely non-partisan in its nature, that candidates should not make use of the issue, by bringing it in to the realm of partisan politics, for the purpose of furthering their own political ambitions. PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION AND WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION The Public Service Commission and Workmen's Compensation departments were established by the Legislature of 1913, during Governor Glasscock's administration, and are, therefore, in their infancy as governmental agencies in this state. They are both serving useful purposes, and the wisdom of the Legislature in inaugurating them is to be commended. The system under which these departments are operating is not, of necessity, perfected as yet, and in order that they may be brought to their highest efficiency it is necessary that our best thought and most intelligent consideration should be devoted thereto. The Workmen's Compensation department, in particular, comes very close to those engaged in toll in our state. It provides their insurance and serves as a protection and help to dependents of those who "make their bread out of the sweat of their face". It is a sacred trust that the state has undertaken. Its administration should in no wise be hampered. The state should see to it that its beneficiaries, as well as those who support it, are protected to the last degree of caution. It is essential that this department shall be administered with a business-like economy, its funds continuously conserved and the attending cost upon operation kept as low as safely may be. Out of the compensation money there is set aside $80,000,000 per year to pay the cost of admiring the fund. The charge is made that a large part of this sum is used to pay employees whose services are not needed. I pledge myself to see to it that any such practice shall be stopped and that every dollar of the fund shall be paid over to the injured and the dependent widows and dirphans of deceased employees, except so much as may be absolutely required for the necessary expenses of administration. RURAL CREDIT FOR FARMERS Already quite a large surplus has accumulated in the Workmen's Compensation Fund, which, as time passes, will in all probability run into millions of dollars. Under the present law governing this fund it can only be invested in the purchase of county, district and municipal bonds. Bonds of this character are usually sold in the money markets at a rate of five per cent interest or less. There is no better security than that afforded by our farm bonds, but often it is with difficulty, on account of their promote ness from money centers and for other reasons, that farmers are able to secure loans even when offering abundant security, except at a uniform and burdensome rates of interest and added expenses. As a boon to the farmer, which would directly and indirectly benefit the whole citizenship of the state, this money might be loaned on farm property in sums not exceeding one-half of the actual cash value, at a rate of six per cent interest, on long-time loans of five years or me. It is possible to administer these loans at a cost of less than one per cent, thus allowing the fund an earning capacity of to exceed five per cent per annum. Of course, the Legislature must surround this plan with all necessary safeguards. REFORM OF JUDICIAL PROCEDURE This subject is one that addresses itself largely to the legislative branch of government, and must be approached with serious thought. That there should be some reform instituted the effect of which will be to make the processes of law less cumbersome and enable litigants to avail themselves of the use of the courts with less delay and cost than now attends a court proceeding, is generally agreed. The lawyers of the state are, of course, best prepared to deal with this subject and upon them we must chiefly depend, as private citizens, members of the Legislature and Judges of the Courts, aided by the concerted movement of the Bar Association, to devise the means of bringing about this reform. It must be a concerted move and I shall please in devoting my energies and attention to the development of this much-needed reform. FREEDOM OF LEGISLATIVE ACTION. The constitution wisely provides for three co-ordinate branches of government, comprising legislative, executive and judicial. Each has its own power and authority. Neither should encroach upon another. The people are vitally interested in having them kept separate and operated, each on its own sole responsibility. In recent years a justifiable complaint has been made about the attempt of the executive branch to encroach upon and by the use of "the power of place" and undeserved patronage, dominate and control the legislative branch of the government. This is not a party complaint. The practice has been noted with equal frequency in both great political parties. The offense is so great in the minds of the people that it has been known to overthrow parties in power and has at the foundation of the creation of new political parties. That representatives would exercise their votes against their judgment or the interests of their constituents upon promise of reward is intolerable. That executives or other officers would bargain for votes upon this condition is equally intolerable and offensive to good government and good morals. I firmly oppose any encroachment by the executive side of the government upon the legislative branch. In my opinion the duty of the chief executive of the state or nation ends with the constitutional function requiring that he shall make recommendations and furnish information to the legislature or the Congress. Certainly it does not extend to a personal liability with members of the legislative body to cast their vote for or against a measure, or to influence or control the organization of the legislative body. You Meadow Tonic There are times in every woman's life when she needs a tonic to help her over the hard places. When that time comes to you, you know what tonic to take—Cardui, the woman's tonic. Cardui is composed of purely vegetable ingredients, which act gently, yet surely, on the weakened womanly organs, and helps build them back to strength) and health. It has benefited thousands and thousands of weak, ailing women in its past half century of wonderful success, and it will do the same for you. You can't make a mistake in taking CAR The Woman Miss Amelia Wilson, says: "I think Cardui is the for women. Before I be so weak and nervous, a spells and a poor apper- as shown as I ever old, a Begin taking Cardui today. Has Helped CARDUI The Woman's Tonic Miss Amelia Wilson, R. F. D. No. 4, Alma, Ark., says: "I think Cardui is the greatest medicine on earth, for women. Before I began to take Cardui, I was so weak and nervous, and had such awful dizzy spells and a poor appetite. Now I feel as well and as strong as I ever did, and can eat most anything." Begin taking Cardui today. Sold by all doctors. CONSTITUTIONAL LIMITATIONS Section 4 of Article 7 of the constitution of our state provides that the Governor "shall not be able to succeed himself" and likewise the same limitation is placed upon the office of sheriff of the counties. The reason for these constitutional provisions is, obviously, to prevent the highest executive officers in their respective spheres from using the large patronage and power of these officers for the purpose of perpetuating their powers in power. Nevertheless, it is possible for these officers, if they choose, to use this power and patronage in attempting to dictate the nomination of their successors, thus violating the spirit of the constitution and robbing the people of the right that they have of making their own nominations. Therefore, if elected, I shall refrain from interfering in any way, by the use of patronage or otherwise, with the nominations of my party candidates, and shall content myself with trying, to the best of my ability, to discharge my duties, leaving my party with full power to make its own populations. BUSINESS AND INDUSTRY I shall endeavor to encourage the growth of every legitimate business within the state with all the resources at my command. The tendency of both the legislative and administrative branches of government should be directed toward the encouragement of all legi statute business enterprises. My administration will endeavor to build up the manufacturing, mining, transportation, agricultural and commercial industries of the state, thereby largely increasing the demand for profitable employment of all kinds of labor. I shall be jealous of the credit and good name of the state at home and abroad, striving in every way to promote its prosperity and welfare. CONCLUSION In submitting my candidacy to the members of my party, I am grateful of the high honor that I am asking that they bestow. I am aware that the office of Governor is full of impressive duties, involving duties and work. I am aware that the state has many important problems with which to deal and that the other executive of the state must meet them face to face. I am willing thus my fitness for office and my availability as a candidate shall be judged by my past performance, both in and out of office. I hope to have the support of the citizens of all occupations and of all institutions in life, meeting. If other duties serve them all with equal diligence, my candidacy has no other purpose in view. It is not inspired other than by a sincere desire to give service with patriotic spirit and lively interest purpose to all the people. Solliciting your support and your votes, I am. Very truly yours, A. A. LITLBY. Beckley, W. Va., Dec. 26, 1915. J. R. CLIFFORD MARTINSBURG. WEST VIRGINIA Practices in all the Courts of West Virginia, the Supreme Court of Appeals and the United States Courts. R. F. D. No. 4, Alma, Ark., the greatest medicine on earth, can to take Cardiac, I was and had such awful dizzy. More I feel as well and can eat most anything." Soid by all dealers. Taunsands. ```markdown ``` Lancet Mail Order 1 House of its kind in America All kinds of Goods Applicable for sale. Human hair Good of the finest quality. Oral hair seal and seal food never fail. If the trouble is with the hair, scalp or skin, we will fix the problem. We provide a remedy to make hair grown on holdouts and bare temples. Send 10c. for a sample and catalogue. Send for our terms to agents. Address: Wine, L. C. PARRISH, 15 Candon Street, Boston, Mass. BE PREPARED POPULAR MECHANICS MAGAZINE 300 ARTICLES + 300 HISTORIES KINDLY INFORMED OF THE NEW PROGRAM IN TRANSPORTATION. For lathers, railroads, and women. For the construction and women. For the construction and women. 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Send a letter by money order to 113 Clark Street EVANSTON, ILLINOIS. NA FLORS HAIR DRESSING THE KING OF ALL HAIR DRESSINGS GROWS HAIR-REMOVES DANDRUFF AND TETTER. BUY IT-TRY IT-TEST IT. ASK YOUR DRUGGIST FOR IT- WITH AND WITHOUT HE HAS NOT IT WE WILL END IT FOR SESSING POSTPAID NA FLOR DRUG CO. WASHED ENTON, N.C. THIS PAPER IS YOUR DAY AGAIN. CITY IS WRITHING UNDER STRESS OF INSUFFICIENT REVENUES Compelled To Dispense With Health Officer, City Physician, Milk Inspector, and Other Needed Requirements Police and Lighting System Badly Crippled Birmingham, Alabama, has put on a hair shirt and is walking under a self-flicted eater-nine-tails, says. The survey in an article which goes on to describe conditions in this metropolis of prohibition Alabama as follows: This city of 150,000 people has discontinued its street sprinkling and garbage collection. It has dispensed with its health officer, city physician and milk inspector, extinguished half the city lights, can the school session from nine to seven months, and reduced by 10 per cent all teachers' salaries over $75 a month. It has withdrawn all appropriation to its library. It has dismissed a third of its police force and put the remainder on a twelve-hour shift. It has closed several fire stations. It has abolished its recreation department, with playgrounds and indoor gymnasium. DESERTION CHIEF CAUSE OF COMPLAINANTS, WHILE CRUELTY AND INFIDELITY FOLLOW NEXT IN ORDER Hospital Appropriations. Stopped. It has stopped every cent of its appropriations to hospitals, children's homes, and all charities. It has cut the appropriations for parks over two-thirds and hereafter the assistant engineer will take the place of all foremen. It has reduced its building, plumbing and electrical inspection forces. It has curtailed its zoo, keeping only the fowls, because they are inexpensive to maintain. It has done away with its bureau of weights and measures. It has abolished its welfare department. Patrick J.J. McCarthy, the Only Municipal Marital Statistician In the Country, Explains His "Trial Engagement" Plan To all these activities and others it has applied the axe because it had no money to pay for them. The taxing power of cities in Alabama is regulated by the state constitution. Legislative enactment is therefore necessary to make any change in taxes and the legislature meets only once in four years. Birmingham has grown rapidly and for years has been running heavily into debt. An effort to get relief from the 1911 session of the legislature was fruitless, and the city awakened recently to the realization that it was spending something like $1,000 a day more than it had to spend. "Occupational" taxes, privilege taxes, and other methods of "robbing the merchants," helped little. ```markdown ``` --- Chicago's Amazing Divorce Statistics Population of city ..... 2,550,000 Marriage licenses issued in 1914 ..... 33,897 Divorce, separate maintenance and annulment suits ..... 5,121 Decrees granted ..... 3,614 Ratio of suits filed to marriage licenses issued ..... 1 to 6 Ratio of suits imposed of by decree to marriage licenses issued ..... 1 to 9 Ratio of separations to number of inhabitants ..... 1 to 497 Ratio of decrees to number of inhabitants ..... 1 to 705 Charities Get the Axe. With many expressions of sorrow, therefore, the City Fathers decided that they would have only as much government as they could pay for. They have insisted that every blow of the axe was directed by their wisest judgment. The government of Birmingham today is but a skeleton,—with many bones missing. Most of the things that made its progressive citizens proud are now memories. The recreation department was several years in being built to its late efficiency. Twenty thousand dollars has been withdrawn from institutional charities. The agencies for children have depended to a large extent on city money. The anti-tuberculosis campaign will suffer a reduction of $3,800. Women granted decrees ..... 2,710 Men granted decrees ..... 904 Couples without children given decree ..... 2,302 Couples with children given decree ..... 1,312 Couples with minor children only ..... 1,207 Couples with adult children only ..... 105 Altogether, the cuts total $340,000, it costs Birmingham $1,228,629 a year to operate, and only $896,556 is avail- able for the coming twelve months. Somethe spelling was evidently in pudden to the sixteenth century, when even Sanskrit could not spell his own name consistently. There is a let- ter dog from the correspondence of a baby of the sixteenth century in the book of the "Corsword Family"—the Hicks Benches. Jiahna writes—it is a matter of debt between the cautions widow and "My lord a Knider"—"My lord Around and your wife I honour and love, but your false swearing and promise I horebe a pore." What she really meant was "utterly abhor."— London Telegraph. Decrees for first six months of 1914 .....1,816 Decrees for first six months of 1916 .....2,151