The Pioneer Press

The Pioneer Press. Department of Archives. ESTABLISHED 1882 AS PRICES RISE HIGH COST OF LIVING HITS THE RAILROADS Service Will Be Crippled Unless Relief Comes Soon. EXPENSES UP, RATES DOWN Wasteful and Conflicting Regulations Hamper Railroad Credit, While Advance In Labor and Materials Outstrips Revenues, Chairman Kruttsohnitt Tells Congress Committee. Unified Federal Control Will Improve Conditions. Washington, April 2.—The condition in which the railroads find themselves as a result of constant increases in wages, prices of material, taxes and other expenses, while their revenues are restricted by legislation, was strikingly described by Julius Kruttschnitt, Chairman of the Executive Committee of the Southern Pacific Company, in his testimony during the past few days before the Joint Congressional Committee on Interstate Commerce, which is making a study of the question of rallippad regulation. Mr. Kruttschnitt urged the committee to recommend a plan of regulation which will center responsibility for regulation and its results in the federal government, so that conditions affecting both expenses and revenues may be made subject to a uniform policy instead of the wasteful, and often conflicting policies involved in the system of combined state and federal regulation. Why Reads Need More Money. Mr. Kruttschnitz's testimony also had a bearing on the reasons for the application of the roads to the Interstate Commerce Commission for a general advance in freight rates. He showed that while the price of transportation has declined in recent years, the cost of producing transportation, like the cost of almost everything else, has rapidly advanced. This he illustrated by showing that freight and passenger rates had increased during the past twenty years in the same proportion as average commodity prices the railroads of the United States would have received $1,654,000,000 more for transportation in 1915 than they did receive. This saying to the public was effected, in spite of an increase of 93 per cent in the cost of operation of trains, by a reduction in the average passenger rate per mile from 2.04 cents in 1895 to 1.98 cents in 1915, a decrease of 3 per cent, and by a reduction in the average freight rate per ton mile from 8.59 mills in 1895 to 7.3 mills in 1915, or 18 per cent. During the same period the cost of operation per train mile rose from 92 cents to $1.78, almost denbiling. At the same time the average price of 244 commodities enumerated in a bulletin of the Department of Agriculture increased 115 per cent. Transportation is practically the only commodity in general use that has not increased tremendously in price during the past twenty years, freight and passenger charges being lower than they were twenty years ago. Big Saving to Public. Big Saving to Public. If rates had risen proportionately to the increase in the cost of other articles of ordinary use, Mr. Kruttschnitt told the committee, the average passenger rate in 1915 would have been 2.95 cents a mile, or 50 per cent higher than it was, and the average freight rate would have been 1.21 cents, or 66 per cent higher than it was. The saving on the public in passenger fares through this difference was $314,000,000 and in freight rates $1,340,000,000. Universal railroad bankruptcy under this reduction in rates and increased cost of operation, he said, was avoided only by heavy expenditures to obtain increased and less train movement, making it possible to pull more tons of freight per locomotive. This had reduced the average cost of hauling a ton of freight, but the decline in the average freight rate had reduced the net revenue of the roads from each ton hauled. If the operating costs of the railroads, including the prices of cost, labor and material, continue to advance at the present rate a lot of railroads will be in the hands of receivers by 1918 unless some relief is afforded, Mr. Kruttschmitt told the committee. "Owing to the rise of commodity prices," he said, "the purchasing power of the dollar has fallen 55 per cent and the railroads are in the position of being compelled by law to accept payment for their service to the public in currency worth 45 cents on the dollar. Public's Chief Interest. "The public's greatest interest is in adequate transportation facilities and not so much in low rates. As to most commodities freight rates form a very small proportion of their cost. Excluding low grade commodities, the percentage of the freight rate to the cost is so slight as to offer no justification for any substantial increase in prices to the consumer. It may be stated with little fear of contradiction that the consumer, seldom, if ever, profits from a lowering of freight rates. "Extortionate charges are a thing of the past, and under the attempt to cut rates to their lowest possible figure the interest of the whole public in the character and standard of transportation is subordinated to the interest of that part of the public only that profits by lower rates—that is to say, the shipers and their agents and not the general public, the ultimate consumer." THE DECISION FOR WAR (From the New York Evening Post.) All Americans must be able to their President, in asking rights to resolve that a slight between the United States and Germany, called upon the nation to strengthen itself in high-minded purpose. Selfish ends—conquest, dominion, material compensation, indemnities—the bids us tear out of our hearts. "We are but one of the champions of the rights of mankind. We shall be satisfied when those rights have been made as secure as the faith and freedom of nations can make them." These are lofty sentiments. And in the same vein are Mr. Wilson's words of magnanimous devotion to the cause of democracy all over the world. They are certain to reverberate throughout Europe. In especial manner will his eloquent reference to "the wonderful and heartening things" recently wrought by the Russian people be hailed in Petrograd as a reinforcement against autocracy mightier than an army. They will afford a new buttress to the Russian Republic. And his plea for "the right of those who submit to authority to have a voice in their own governments" will help to bring nearer the day of world-democracy. The whole address, in fact, once accepting the President's premises, is conceived and expressed in a way to command high admiration. Most generous and gratifying is the language which the President uses of the German people, here and abroad. He expresses the largest confidence in the loyalty of German-Americans. This is already justified in the response of the German-American press. But Mr. Wilson goes further. He summons native-born citizens to embrace eagerly the opte protection of their pensions and postunity to show friendship and trust toward "the millions of men and women of German birth who live among us and share our life." An attitude of coldness and suspicion toward them would, sow discord where there ought to be comradeship. And even as respects alliens on our soil, the President asks his countrymen not to confuse a "lawless and malignant few" with the great body that we may reasonably expect to submit themselves quietly to the laws of the country and to conform to the proprieties of the situation in which they find themselves. Panic fears about their possible treachery, with all apymanis, the President would have us banish far from us. Wilson seeks to make broader a distinction which he hinted at in his address to Congress at the time of breaking off diplomatic relations with Germany. We mean, of course, the distinction between the German people and the government that makes for them. It is only with the power to have our counsel "We assert, "the sincere friends of human people." Only that it has enabled the govern-ment of the United States to bear long patience the acts of their rulers. It is merely against an SOLDIERS ARE NOW GUARDING BRIDGES ALONG POTOMAC DETACHMENT PASSED THRU CITY LAST EVENING FOR WILLIAMSPORT HARPERS FERRY BRIDGE AND B. & O. TUNNEL ARE NOW UNDER GUARD NORFOLK & WESTERN BRIDGES AND C. & O. CANAL LOCKS Six soldiers, members of the Maryland militia, arrived in the city last evening on B. & O. train No. 39 at 5.24 from Baltimore and left shortly afterward over the Cumberland Valley for Williamsport, where the Cumberland Valley railroad bridge, mapping the Potomac river, will be guarded. A detachment was also stationed the Western Maryland bridge at Brownsville at the Norfilk and Western below Shepherdstown. Other railroad bridges along the river, it said, will also be placed under guard. No one without a pass is allowed to cross the bridges. Troops arrived yesterday at Harps Fryt to guard th B. and O. railroad bridge and tunnel at that point. The troops are camped on the old armory grounds near the John Brown fort. The bridge is one of the most important on the B. & O. system and it will be closely guarded from now on. The bridge and tunnel are patrolled by the troops day and night the same as other bridges in other sections of the state. The tunnel extends from the C & O. Canal lock at Sandy Hook nearly to the bridge across the Potomac. No person is allowed to pass through the tunnel or cross the bridge unless they have a pass, and then they are escorted by troops. The guards were ordered placed by Governor Harrington who was recently appealed to by Maryland citizens. As soon as war is declared it is believed that similar action will be taken in regard to the West Virginia side of the river. ALIENATION SUIT UP When Federal Court convened this morning the allegation suit of Charles Harper against William Harper for $25,000, was continued, and up until 3 o'clock this afternoon the defense had not been finished. The defendant was put on the stand shortly before noon and again at 1:30 and testified for nearly two hours. The case will not be given to the jury before tomorrow. "irresponsible government" in Germany, which has "thrown aside all considerations for humanity," that the United States assumes a hostile attitude. What effect these utterances will have in Germany when they are known there—it is impossible to say. They may stimulate the popular resentment, already manifesting itself, against the Prussian autocracy. But it is plainly possible that they may be taken, for the time being, as only adding insult to injury, and actually stiffen the German resistance. Which way the result will lean, only the event can determine. But all must be grateful to the President for saying what he did on this subject, both because it truly mirrors the feeling of Americans, and because it further serves to place American aims and hopes in going into the war in a correct light. LEAGUE FOR HOME DEFENSE FORMED HERE LAST NIGHT CITIZENS RESPOND TO MAYOR LEITER AND FORM AN ORGANIZATION OFFICERS ELECTED AND ACTIVE STEPS TAKEN AT OPENING MEETING EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE WILL STUDY SCHEMES FOR AIDING PEOPLE A rousing meeting that was held at 8 o'clock Wednesday night, Firemen's hall, when about thirty-five prominent business and professional men gathered at the request of Mayor P. W. Leiter and perfected an organization to assist the families of those who go to the front to fight for their country. Explans the Purpose. Mayor Leiter opened the meeting and explained its purpose—to affect some way to help and protect the families of those who enter the service of the government to fight for the flag, stating that while he had called the meeting, he had decided upon no definite plan as to how this could be affected but would like to have suggestions. Made Permanent Chairman. Before any steps relative to and definite action were taken, a motion prevailed to make Mayor Leiter the permanent chairman. Other officers were then elected, as follows: Vice-President—W. R. Caskey. Secretary—L. Dew Gerhardt. Treasurer—H. M. Emmert. A motion prevailed that the organization should be given a name, and it will be known as the "Home Defense League of Berkeley County." Suggestions are Offered. The chairman then asked for suggestions and quite a number were offered, many being made by Max von Schlegeil. One suggestion which appears to be worth considering is that of asking the people who own land on the outskirts of the city, and who are not making use of it, to let it be put in the hands of the organization, who will select some one to cultivate it. small initiation Fee. For fear some people may contrue the idea that only a few of the citizens of Martinsburg and surrounding territory are members of the association it may be well to let it be known that those in charge want every citizen of the city and county to join. An admission fee, a very small one, will be charged. The Executive Committee. After a number of short addresses it was decided to place the matter of deciding upon a fee, and also some more suggestions and plans, in the hands of the executive committee, which is composed of the following: Max von Schlegell, H. P. Thorn, Wade C. Kilmer, Dr. W. T. Henshaw, Lewis H. Thompson, Edward Sigler, C. B. Nickelson, John W. Stewart, C. M. Seibert, Edward Rutledge, J. R. Poland and Charles W. Kilburn. The officers of the organization are also members of the committee. Another meeting soon. The chairman was given power to call a meeting at any time, and it is hoped that this will be done in a short while, all are interested in the work of the organization and in favor of quick action. Many Offer Land. At the conclusion of the meeting several offered the chairman landying near the city limits, who will put it to its best use. # WITHIN 12 HOURS THE ENTIRE GUARD WILL BE CALLED AS SOON AS WAR DECLARATION IS PASSED PRESIDENT WILL ISSUE CALL. TROOPS LIKELY TO BE SENT BEYOND THE UNITED STATES ```markdown ``` WASHINGTON, March 5.—The entire National Guard of the United States will be called to the colors probably within 12 hours from the time President Wilson approves the declaration of war against Germany. About the same time the naval militia of the country will be ordered to mobilize, and all the reserves of both services not now under arms, will be summoned to duty. President Has Power. These steps may be taken without further legislation by congress or any further grant of power to the President. All that he is now waiting for in the passage of the resolution which gives this country a definite, belligerent status. Other steps for the creation of additional military forces will be considered by congress while the guard and the naval militia are reporting for duty. As soon as acted upon the war program of the administration in this direction will be put into effect with all possible dispatch. As soon as the state troops are mobilized and mustered in, a whirlwind campaign will be launched to recruit these organizations to full war strength. This campaign will be along much the same lines as now followed by the navy and the marine corps. Plans Formed. Long Ago. Plans Formed, Long Ago. It was learned, moreover, that the administration has had in view from the beginning the complete mobilization of the national guard and that the only reason why all of the troops were not called at once-after war was seen to be inevitable—was that the war department did not want to muster in state organizations faster than the regular army officers could equip them. Much experience was gained in this direction when the guard was called to the colors for service on the Mexican border. The war department was literally overwhelmed by the task of providing food, clothing, camp outfits and other field equipment for 125,000 soldiers. There was no parity or even confusion in the department, but the job was enormous and one which had to be performed by degrees. In the light of this circumstance the general staff has advised the administration to call out the groups and this policy has been followed with the result that the several commands now in the field have been equipped, inspected and mustered into the federal service with a dispatch hitherto impossible. Naval Militia Due Soon. The naval militia may expect to get an order to mobilize about the same time the national guard is called out. Secretary Daniels and Secretary Baker have conferred upon these questions and it is stated that they are prepared to issue the mobilization order to each branch of the reserve just as soon as the war resolution is passed and signed. Details of the recruiting campaign, designed to bring the national guard up to war strength, have not been discussed except in general terms, but the understanding is that this campaign will be carried on with great vigor and the result will be used as an indication of the willingness of American men to volunteer for service in the war. If few men offer themselves for this service, the fact largely will guide the administration in its plan of creating additional THE PIONEER PRESS Entered at Postoffice, Martinsburg, West Virginia as second-class matter. Subscription Rates: One Year ..... $1.50 Six Months ..... 75 Three Months ..... 89 Issued every Saturday by J. R. Clifford, Editor and Owner. Drawer 869.....Bell Phone 101J SATURDAY, APRIL 7, 1917. AN EASTER MESSAGE. Why should it be thought a thing incredible with you that God should raise the dead? Things all around us suggest it. The blossoming woods, where love delights to make his bower, are reclothed in beauty with every spring. Out of what grew all of these flowers? Out of mold and the earth. Resurrected! The radiant butterfly, where did it come from? Out of the loathsome caterpillar. That albatross that smites the tempest with its wing, where did it come from? A senseless shell. Resurrected! In France, in a Celtic tomb, under a block, were found flower seed that had been buried 2,000 years. The explorer took the flower seed and planted it; it bloomed in Bluebell and Heliotrope. Two thousand years ago buried, yet resurrected! A traveler found in a mummy pit in Egypt garden peas that had been buried there three thousand years ago. He brought them out and planted them, and in thirty days they sprung up. Buried 3,000 years ago, yet resurrected? Where did all this silk come from—the silk that adorns your persons and your homes? In the hollow of a staff, a Greek missionary brought from China to Europe the progenators of the very worms that now supply the silk markets of the world. The garmented procession down the streets and in the churches on Easter Sunday will be only the blazing out of the resurrected silk worm. And why be surprised that out of this insignificent earthly body we shall unfold into something worthy of the coming eternities? Put silver into nitric acid and it will dissolve and disappear. Is the silver gone forever? No! Put in some copper and the silver reappears. If one force eissolves, another force resurrects. Every year there is a resurrection in all our gardens. Why not, some day, a resurrection amid all our graves? The far-up cloud, higher than the eagle flies, what is it made of? Drops of water from the Atlantic, others drops from the Mississippi, other drops from the lakes and stagnant pools—all up yonder there, and embodied in a cloud, and the sun kindles it. If God can make such a lustrous cloud out of water drops, many of them soiled and impure, can he not transport the fragments of the human body from the earth, and out of them build a radient body.? Then, all hail! Easter, queen of the royal court of the Sabbaths. There are fifty-one princes in her househole, but Easter is queen. She wears a richer diadem, and sways a more jeweled scepter, and in her smile nations are irradiated. She holds high up in her right hand the wrenched-off bolt of Christ's sepulchre, and she holds high up in her left hand the key to all the cemeteries of Christendom. All hail! Easter. If some of those who talk so much about religion would only live a little more of it, it wouldn't be so hard to convict people of sin, and righteousness and judgment. There is entirely too much worry about death and the reafter, with professed christians. The main thing to be interested about is your living—that, when it is right, takes care of everything. We sometimes doubt whether any real good was ever done by mere preaching. All the moral maxims in the world are poor and weak beside one good life. Preachers anxious to save souls would do well to keep this in mind, seeing that there is no real saving that ever has been or ever will be done that is not the result of the influence radiating from a good life. --- We have been bawling about Christianity, building churches, airing professional preachers, training choirs, singing anthems to the Master, and calling ourselves Christians. Now, why not try some of Jesus' methods for a change? Drop scandal and jealousy and lying and deceit and graft and noise and ignorance and sham. At least, we would come cut some better than we find ourselves now. Talking about Negroes being "too cowardly too fight" show me where one ever faltered on the battlefield. Name a traitor if you can. When the Son of God was on his way to death, Simon stepped up to his side, put his shoulder under the cross and helped him carry it. When a white foe felled President McKinley, a black man felled the tyrant. When at Carrizal, a white officer was mortally wounded, a Negro soldier also shot, grabbed the falling officer and held him up with one hand while he shot at the foe with the other. Braver soldiers never lived, truer Americans can't be found, and by and by justice will be ours. The constitution gives and guarantees to us our rights, but men elected and sworn to give them to us, refuse. Notwithstanding President Wilson has ignored his rights and has never opened his mouth against lynchings and other brutal methods of taking innocent lives of Negroes; and in the very face of his orders that Negro employes of the government should not work, with whites; and made them use separate toilets, wash-rooms and cloak-rooms now when his life is supposedly in danger, our faithful black soldiers are guarding the White House, and its inmates. What a rebuke to the inmates, and what an honor to the oppressed and wronged black patriots of America. They can and may sleep for America's best guards are on duty. To harm the President and his, the dead bodies of those Negroes will be found on the campus of the Nation's Capitol. Used 40 Years CARDUI The Woman's Tonic Sold Everywhere SEVEN WONDERS OF TODAY. They Will Probably Become the Commonplaces of Tomorrow. Not a great many years ago a spectacled and skeptical old scientist wrote a long thesis in which he claimed that the world's great discoveries all lay in the past, that the future had no new wonders to disclose and that all the really fundamental inventions, discoveries and researches had already been made. "For," said the pessimistic philosopher, "there are no more strange lands to explore, no more conceivable inventions for the benefit of mankind. The telegraph, electric light, telephone and electric motor are already here. The camera and microscope, telescope and linotype, printing press and sewing machine, airship and steamboat are already discovered. What else is there left that is really new?" But Mother Nature seemed to have kept her most wonderful secrets for just such an occasion. As if deliberately to disprove the foolish scientist the next ten years brought out the most astounding collection of new inventions and discoveries the world has ever known, for, in the period immediately following the bold claim of this doubting Thomas, Hertz discovered electric waves, Marconi invented wireless telegraphy, Roentgen stumbled upon the X ray, Mine, Curie isolated radium, Sir William Ramsay found five new chemical elements, Edison made his first moving picture machine, the Wright brothers conquered the air, and countless greater or lesser discoveries astounded the scientific world. So the seven great wonders of today will become the commonplaces of tomorrow.-J. S. Newman in St. Nicholas. MOST COMPLEX ART IS MUSIC In the Key of "C" Alone There Are 382 Distinct Soales. With 382 separate and distinct scales in the key of C alone, it is no more than natural that the realm of harmony should be considered as infinite. Yet few laymen are familiar with this, according to Carl W. Grimm of Cincinnati, speaking on "The Realm of Scales." Mr. Grimm lamented the ignorance of the millions who persist in the contention that music is no longer susceptible of a single original note—that in a short time no new tunes will appear because every possible variation will have been made use of. "No great composer"—Mr. Grimm paused a moment and then repeated by way of emphasis "no really great composer, I say, has yet complained that the resources of music have been exhausted. The present day composer fails to realize that any scale may be turned into a monstrosity through improper treatment, which explains the great majority of our popular music. Scales are not the product of imaginative inspiration; each must be considered as a scientific achievement, and its pitch should be carefully and exactly determined through the application of certain fixed laws which form the backbone of all true music." Mr. Grimm made it clear that music instead of being the most primitive has evolved into the most complex art known to twentleth century civilization.—New York Post. Farm Boys Fill the Pulpita If you are a salesman there is little chance your son will become a minister, while if you are a farmer the chances are the best, and if you are a minister the chances are the next best. That conclusion results from the statistical table prepared after investigation by the Association of American Colleges. Thirty-three per cent of all ministers—at least in the northern states, where the statistics apply—came from the homes of farmers and 18 per cent from the homes of ministers. Other vocations furnish the following per cent of candidates for the ministry: Physicians, 2 per cent; clerical workers, 4 per cent; carpenters, 5 per cent; merchants and laborers, each 8 per cent; all other vocations, 20 per cent.—Chicago Tribune. Ocean Currents There are twenty-seven permanent currents in the oceans of the world, and there are nearly as many more of the semi-permanent variety existing at one time. Several causes tend to originate and maintain these drifts. Uniformly directed winds have the greatest influence, and differences of temperatures, storms, polar ice and eddies have each some effect, creating usually the currents of semi-permanent variety. What Life Is Life is not made out of money, and friendship, and talents, and patronage, and family influences, and good chances, and good positions, and good health, and good nature. It is made out of faith, virtue, knowledge, temperance, patience, godliness, and brotherly kindness and love.—Inninger. "DUCKING" IN BATTLE Little Chance For Dodging Modern High Velocity Bullets. Although under the altered conditions of modern warfare both officers and men take all the cover they can get. It is still considered "bad form" to duck when bullets are whistling or screaming overhead. This is a survival of the old Crimean days, when men were actually punished for ducking bullets in battle. That the service tradition was not always strictly observed even then, however, is apparent from a story told of a grizzled old veteran who, on being remonstrated with by a young corporal for indulgence in this very practice, replied, "It's all very well for you, m'lad, but I'm a family man," and continued to duck at each report. It is on record, too, that Napoleon strongly objected to it, and on one occasion he even went to the length of publicly reprimanding one of his staff officers for stooping over his horse's neck in order to avoid the balls he heard whistling over his head. General Gordon, no mean authority, was of a different opinion, though. Writing in his journal, he says, "For my part, I do not consider judicious ducking to be a fault, for I remember on two occasions seeing shells before my eyes which certainly, had I not bobbed, would have taken off my head." Neceless to say, however, it would be impossible to dodge a modern high velocity projectile in this free and easy fashion. It cannot be seen, and by the time it is heard the danger is past.—London Mail. COMFORT IN THE HOME. A Man's Notion of How the Rooms and Things Should Look. A young newly married man complained recently that he almost dreaded taking a friend home to dinner because his wife, every time she expected company, imagined it was necessary to scrub the house from garret to cellar and polish every bit of silver on the sideboard. It made him uncomfortable all day long to think of his wife giving herself this wholly unnecessary trouble. "Of course, a man likes to see his home looking nice when he takes an old chum into it—and of course the chum does too," he said. "But I'd be far happier if I could convince my wife that a house can look tidy even if it hasn't been gone over that very day. "I like the books to look a little disorderly. You get the feeling that they're being read all the time, and that's what books' are for. And I like the music on the piano to be a trifle disturbed. It books as if we really are the songs, and it gives a room that cozy home feeling that a fellow loves. What if the curtains aren't just even in every window? Things ought to look as if they were touched and were used and enjoyed. If the sofa cushions are dented you know some one has leashed against them. Isn't that what they're for? But if they stare at you in a prim row you're a brave man if you dare to put your back against them—much less your tired head! "And when a fellow comes home at night he usually has a tired head!"—Irish World. Fly Killers. One recommendation of the department of agriculture for getting rid of files is powdered hellebore. This when sprinkled on the manure heaps in which the files lay their eggs destroys the larvae and does not in any way spoil the manure. The Journal of the American Medical Association says the hygienic laboratory of the public health service has found in salicylic acid an eminently satisfactory agent for killing adult files. This, it says, is not an objectionable substance to handle, and there is little danger of toxic effects from accidental consumption of considerable doses of it. A 1 per cent solution of salicylic acid should be sweetened and left in shallow saucers where files will easily find it. "Crossing the Bar." Lord Tennyson's most noble death song. "Crossing the Bar," is one of the three greatest death songs ever written, and it comes to us as a sublime prayer, a humble petition, a sacred belief of a great man. The last lone man A Lily of Asia. The illium chalcedoniuza is supposed to be the lily indicated in the sixth chapter of Matthew, twenty-eighth verse, where it is compared with the gorgeous robes of Solomon, and its color was scarlet or purple. This lily grows profusely in the moist parts of Asia Minor.—Indianapolis News. Husbands. "The majority of husbands complain that their hands are always in their porch." "What do they? Then why don't they find there one letters they have formation to mail for their wives?"—Baltimore American. 200,000,000 TONS OF COAL CONSUMED By the Railroads of the Country During the Past Twelve Months. Bankers and business men who are interested in the price of commodities growing out of war conditions regarded with some concern an official report issued yesterday relative to the possible railroad coal bills for the present year. This report stated that in 1916 the roads consumed 200,000,000 tons, whereas in former years 150,000,000 had been the maximum. This showed that the past year was one of extraordinary demands on the roads and the present year may even exceed it. It is estimated that the cost to the railroads at the mines, which the roads in many cases operated on their own account during 1916, was $1.30 a ton, or near the contract price for supply coal in Pennsylvania. At this rate the railroads of the country must have expended $260,000,000 for fuel outlay in 1916, allowing nothing for the cost of handling their own material. The report shows that the American coal trade taken as a whole, last year amounted to 608,500,000 net tons, including 88,500,000 tons of anthracite produced and 520,000,000 of bituminous coal shipped. This makes a new record for the bituminous output. With these facts before them, it is said to be no wonder that investors look with favor on the stocks and bonds of the successfully operated coal companies. ST. QUENTIN'S FALL ASSURED INTEREST TURNS ELSEWHERE GERMANS MASSING ON RUSSIAN FRONT PREPARED FOR NEW OFFENSIVE. FRENCH TROOPS GET NEAR TO ST. QUENTIN AND FIGHTING IS FIERCE. BELGIAN RELIEF SHIP TORPEDOED AND PART OF CREW LAND- LONDON, April 5.—With the capture of St. Quentin a foregone conclusion, interest has turned momentarily to the eastern line in the belief that the preliminary rumors that German reserves are being massed on the Russian front, though not confirmed, and that the German offensive may be starting there. The first impact of the massed attack forced the Russians to give way along the Stockhod line in the Kovel sector. Fighting Close to St. Quentin. PARIS, April 5.—"The French troops made a reconnaissance of the ground north of Gauchy and Moy during last night as far as the German lines, which they found to be occupied in force," declared today's official statement in describing the closing in on St. Quentin. The report also detailed the intermittent shelling east and west of the Somme. The German counter attacks on the front from Faffaux to Margiyal, and the attacks on the north and west of the Rheims were all repulsed. Relief Ship Torpedoed. LONDON, April 5.—The Belgian relief ship Trevier was forded and sunk by a ship ning last evening according to a vain iden dispatch. Two four members of the crew were landed safely, and eight were bounded. The Trevier was aided by an Antwerp concern. Three Villages Captured. The capture of the village of Antwerp by Range and Cologne is reported as follows: British forward movement on the west-ern front. LONDON, April 5. Six allied hospital ships have been mined or sunk by submarines since the opening of the war. Secretary of the Admiralty McNamara told the house of commons today. PROCLAMATION CITY HALL, Martinsburg, W. Va., Apr. 3, 1917. WHEREAS, the Council of the City of Martinsburg, pursuant to the law in such case made and provided, on the 6th day of March, 1917, duly and legally passed an ordinance entitled "AN ORDINANCE TO AUTHORIZE THE ISSUANCE OF BONDS OF THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG, AS FOLLOWS: FIRST. FOR THE PURPOSE OF IMPROVING AND PAVING IN A PERMANENT MANNER CERTAIN STREETS IN THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG. SECOND. TO PURCHASE REAL ESTATE, ERECT BUILDINGS AND PURCHASE EQUIPMENT FOR THE USE OF THE FIRE DEPARTMENT OF THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG. THIRD. TO AID IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF A SUBWAY OR UNDER-GRADE CROSSING OF THE BALTIMORE & OHIO RAILROAD AT QUEEN STREET IN THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG. FOURTH. TO REPAIR AND EXTEND THE SYSTEM OF WATER WORKS OF THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG. FIFTH. TO ERECT, CONSTRUCT AND MAINTAIN A BRIDGE OVER THE BALTIMORE & OHIO TRACKS, YARDS, AND TUSCARORA CREEK AT MARTIN STREET IN THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG. SIXTH. TO PURCHASE AND ERECT AN INCINERATING PLANT. SEVENTH. TO CONSTRUCT STORM WATER / SEWERS IN STREETS IN THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG. EIGHTH. TO AUTHORIZE A MAXIMUM SPECIAL BOND LEVY TO PAY THE INTEREST AND PRINCIPAL ON SAID BONDS, which ordinance is in words and figures following, to-wit: AN ORDINANCE TO AUTHORIZE THE ISSUANCE OF BONDS OF THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG, AS FOLLOWS: FIRST. FOR THE PURPOSE OF IMPROVING AND PAVING IN A PERMANENT MANNER CERTAIN STREETS IN THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG. SECOND. TO PURCHASE REAL ESTATE, ERECT BUILDINGS AND PURCHASE EQUIPMENT FOR THE USE OF THE FIRE DEPARTMENT OF THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG THIRD. TO AID IN THE CONSTRUCTION OF A SUBWAY OR UNDER-GRADE CROSSING OF THE BALTIMORE & OHIO RAILROAD AT QUEEN STREET IN THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG. FOURTH. TO REPAIR AND EXTEND THE SYSTEM OF WATER WORKS OF THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG. FIFTH. TO ERECT, CONSTRUCT AND MAINTAIN A BRIDGE OVER THE BALTIMORE & OHIO TRACKS YARDS, AND TUSCARORA CREEK AT MARTIN STREET IN THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG. SIXTH. TO PURCHASE AND ERECT AN INCUMERATING PLANT. SEVENTH. TO CONSTRUCT STORM WATER SEWERS IN STREETS IN THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG. EIGHTH. TO AUTHORIZE A MAXIMUM SPECIAL BOND' LEVY TO PAY THE INTEREST AND PRINCIPAL ON SAID BONDS. BE IT ORDAINED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF MARTINSBURG: Sec. 1. That the Mayor and Auditor of the City of Martinsburg be, and they are hereby authorized to make, execute and deliver, as hereinafter provided, bonds of the City of Martinsburg to the aggregate amount of $210,000.00, known as "GENERAL IMPROVING AND PAVING BONDS," the denominations and terms of payment of said bonds shall be as hereinafter provided and prescribed, the proceeds of the sale of which bonds shall be appropriated and expended for the foliages, and none other; that is to say: FIRST. The proceeds of the sale of $115,000.00 of said bonds shall be appropriated and expended in improving and paving in a permanent manner certain streets of the City of Martinsburg as follows— West King Street from the East side of Maple Avenue to the Cumberland Valley Passenger Station, North Queen Street from the North of Race street to the South side of Moler Avenue, East Martin Street from the East side of Queen Street, the line of the right-of-way Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Raleigh street from King to West Race shall be paved with an improved paving brick. The following Streets shall be improved in a permanent manner with asphalt macadam and shall include the street crossings where the same harding and ends— Raleigh Street from the South side of jail-vard fence to King Street Virginia Avenue from Bowers Street to Stephen Street, West Virginia Avenue from Bowers Street to Faulkner Avenue, New York Avenue from Bowers Street to Faulkner Avenue, Maryland Avenue from Bowers Street to Faulkner Avenue, Florida Avenue from Bowers Street to Faulkner Avenue, Winchester Avenue from Wilson Street to King Street, Buxton Street from Raleigh Street to Faulkner Avenue, Fourth Street from Faulkner Avenue to Winchester Avenue, Faulkner Avenue from Winchester Avenue to Stephen Street, Stephen Street from Maple Avenue to Winchester Avenue, Stephen Street from Queen Street to Circle on Berkeley Place, John Street from Water Street to Winchester Avenue, First Street from Winchester Avenue to Kentuckey Avenue, Porter Avenue from First Street to King Street, Samuel Street from King Street to Burke Street, King Street from High Street to Square, King Street from the Cumberland Allely Passenger Station to Tennessee Avenue, Burke Street from Cemetery Gate to Charles Street, Martin Street from High Street to Charles Street, Race Street from Woodrow Street to Charles Street, Church Street from Stephen Street to Race Street, Maple Avenue from Stephen Street to Exchange Place, Boyd Avenue to "Stewart's Addition" from Race Street, College Street from John Street to Commerce Street, South Queen Street from Square to Stephen's Monument, North Queen Street from Moler Avenue to City Limits, Spring Street from John Street to Race Street, Water Street from Stephen Street to Martin Street, High Street from Moler Avenue to King Street, Eulaliz Street from High Street to Russler Street, Liberty Street from High Street to Queen Street, Center Street from Liberty Street to Burke Street, Swartz Street from Burke Street to King Street, Pennsylvania Avenue—Queen to Albert Street, Union Avenue from Queen Street to Second Street, Moler Avenue from Queen Street to City Limits, Albert Street from Moler Avenue to Strine Avenue Third Street from Liberty Street to Pennsylvania Avenue, Second Street from North Queen Street to Pennsylvania Avenue, Hooge Street from Hooge Street to Madison Avenue, Terrace Street from High Street to Queen Street, Adams Street from Queen Street to Hess Avenue, Hess Avenue from North Queen Street to Elizabeth Street. All said street improvements shall be made and all moneys arising from the sale of said $115,000.00 of said bonds appropriated and expended in accordance with the provisions of the Charter of the City of Martinsburg as ammended and none in force. SECOND. The proceeds of the sale of $25,000.00 of the par value of said bonds shall be appropriated and expended for the purpose of acquiring sites and erection of buildings and purchase of equipment for the Fire Department of the City of Martinsburg. THIRD. The proceeds of the sale of $25,000.00 of the par value of said bonds shall be appropriated and expended to aid in the acquisition by purchase or condemnation of rights-of-way for, and the construction of an under-grade crossing or subway under the tracks of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad Company at Queen Street in said City. FOURTH. The proceeds of the sale of $5,000.00 of the par value of said bonds shall be appropriated and expended for the purpose of repairing and extending the system of water works of the City of Martinsburg. FIFTH. The proceeds of the sale of $10,000.00 of the par value of said bonds shall be appropriated and extended for the purpose of erecting, constructing and maintaining a bridge over the tracks and yards of the Baltimore & Ohio Railroad and Tuscarora Creek at Martin Street in said City. SIXTH. The proceeds of the sale of $5,000.00 of the par value of said bonds shall be appropriated and extended for the purpose of purchasing, constructing and erecting an incinerating plant to care for the garbage of the City of Martinsburg. SEVENTH. The proceeds of the sale of $25,000.00 of the par value of paid bonds shall be appropriated and expended in the construction andewers to care for the storm water in the streets of the City of Martinsburg. Said bonds shall be issued in the several denominations of $100.00 $5,000.00 and $1,000.00, not exceeding in the aggregate, however, the sum of $210,000.00 and shall be payable to bearer at the office of the Treasurer of the City of Martinsburg at Martinsburg, West Virginia thirty-four years after date, and resemble at any time after twenty years after date, with interest at the rate of 5 per cent per annum, payable annually on the 1st day of January of each year after the year in which they are issued at the office aforesaid, according to the tenor and effect of interest coupons to be attached to each bond respectively; and said bonds shall be dated the 1st day of January, 1917, and shall be signed in the corporate name of the City by its Mayor, countersigned by the Auditor and sealed with the Corporate seal of the said City. The name of the Treasurer of said City in office when said bonds are issued shall be signed to each coupon, but said name may be either printed or engraved thereon. Sec. 11. That H. H. Emmert, C. A. Miller and John T. Nadenbousch, who are hereby appointed Commissioners of the City of Martinsburg for the purpose—be, and they hereby authorized and empowered to sell publicly said "GENERAL IMPROVEMENT AND PAYING BONDS," for cash, at not less than their par value, to the highest bidder in writing, to be approved by said Commissioners; but before any such sale shall be made the same shall be advertised in some convenient newspaper or newspapers, as the said Commissioners may elect, at least four weeks previous to such sale. The proceeds derived from the sale of said bonds, as fast as realized, shall be payable to the Treasurer of the City of Martinsburg and deposited by him in the Treasury of said City to the credit thereof in a separate and distinct account, known as "General Improvement and Paying Bond Account," and said account shall be kept separate and distinct from other accounts of said City and the funds in said account shall not be appropriated or expended for any purpose than that hereinabove specified. Sec. 1V. The sinking fund herein provided for shall be kept by the Commissioners hereinabove appointed for the purpose of paying the principal of said bonds, and all investments of said sinking fund shall be for the purpose of redeeming said bonds, and no part of said fund or the investment thereof shall be paid by said Commissioners except upon the special warrant of the council directed to them and specifying that the amount of the warrant is for the purpose of discharging so much of the principal of said bonds. The Commissioners shall make a report in writing to the Mayor of the City of Martinsburg on the 1st day of July, 1917, and on the 1st day of July in each succeeding year until the maturity or refunding of the bonds herein authorized; said report shall embody all things done by said Commissioners up until the date of said report. The report shall be transmitted by the Mayor to the Council of the City of Martinsburg at its regular meeting in July of each year. V. That the maximum rate of levy which the Council of the City of Martinsburg may now levy for general purpose under the Charter of the City of Martinsburg will not produce sufficient funds to pay the interest on such bonded indebtedness hereby created and provide a sinking fund for the discharge of the principal in thirty-four years. That a sinking fund is hereby created for the redemption of said bonds and that the Council shall provide for the collection of a direct annual tax to pay annually the interest on said bonds and the principal thereof at maturity, and for that purpose may direct a rate of levy each year up to an amount of 20 cents which rate of levy may produce sufficient funds necessary in each year to pay the interest and to provide such sinking fund; but before the Council shall make an additional levy, a majority of the votes cast for and against sald levy as provided in the succeeding section shall be in favor of such authorization. Sec. VI. The Mayor shall issue a proclamation reciting this ordinance and appoint a day on which an election shall be held by the qualified voters of the said city to determine whether they shall reject or ratify this ordinance; and he shall also specify in said proclamation the aggregate amount of indebtedness of the said City issued, authorized and existing at the date of the proclamation. This proclamation shall be published in all the newspapers published in the City of Martinsburg, at least once a week for four consecutive weeks, the first publication thereof being at least thirty days before the date fixed for such special election, and such proclamation shall be posted at the same time at the front door of the County Court House of Berkeley County, West Virginia, and at the front door of the City Hall of Martinsburg, West Virginia, and at a place within each voting precinct the Mayor may designate. The said election shall be held and conducted in the same manner in other municipal elections of the said City are held, and all persons qualified to vote at such elections of said City and no others, shall vote at such election. The persons voting for the ratification of this ordinance and for the authorization of the bond issue shall have written or printed upon their b. for the words "For Ratification" and the persons voting against said ratification shall have written or printed upon their ballots the words "For Reflection." There shall be printed on the ticket the following: "To authorize a maximum special bond levy of TWENTY CENTS according to the ordinance of the Council of the City of Martinisburg, passed on the 8th day of March, 1917, to pay the interest and provide a sinking fund for the discharge of the bonds now being voted for"; and directly underneath in two separate lines shall be printed the words "For the Levy" and "Against the Levy." Persons voting for the levy shall leave upon their ballots the words "For the Levy" and persons voting against such levy shall leave upon their ballots the words "Against the Levy." The result of the said election shall be certified in the same manner as the result of the general municipal elections is now certified. Sec. V11. The Treasurer shall record the said bonds in the bond ledger in his office in their numbers, dates, amounts, time when due, the name and address of the purchaser and holder so far as known, and file therein the bonds and coupons taken up and cancelled from time to time. Sec. V111. This ordinance shall be in force and effect from and after its passage and shall have been ratified at the election provided for herein as to the authorization of the issuance of said "General Improvement and Paving Bonds" by three-fifths of all the ballots cast for and against the same at said election and by a majority of the votes cast for and against the authorization of the maximum special bond levy of TWENTY CENTS herein provided for. NOW, THEREFORE, TO WHOM ALL THESE PRESENTS SHALL COME, GREETING:— Know, ye, that in pursuance of and in accordance with the duty imposed upon me by the ordinance aforesaid, and under the statutes in such case made and provided, I, P. W. Leiter, Mayor of the City of Martinsburg, do hereby proclaim that on Tuesday, the 8th day of May, 1917, between the hours of sunrise and sunset, a special election will be held at the regularly established voting precincts in the first, second, third, fourth and fifth wards of said city, by the qualified voters thereof, to decide whether they will ratify or reject the said ordinance. At the date of this proclamation the valuation of all the assessable and taxable property within the City of Martinsburg, both real and personal, is as shown by the last assessment thereof, for state and county purposes, the sum of $8,443,311.74, on which valuation the City of Martinsburg is authorized to incur an aggregate amount of indebtedness of 2 1-2 per cent thereof or $211,082.79, except that the City of Martinsburg is further authorized to incur an additional indebtedness of 2 1-2 per cent or $211,082.79 for the purpose of grading, paving, sewering and otherwise improving the streets and alleys of said city—the term "sewering" including incinerating plants, mains, laterals, connections, traps and other necessary and convenient accessories. The total amount included herein for purposes other than paving, grading and sewering, as provided by law, being the proceeds from the sum of $25,000.00 of bonds, which is therein appropriated and required to be expended for the purpose of a quiring of sites, the erection of buildings and the purchase of equipment for the fire department of the City of Martinsburg and the proceeds from the sum of $5,000.00 of bonds, which is therein appropriated and expended for the purpose of repairing and extending the system of water works of the City of Martinsburg; or the total proceeds from $30,000.00 par value of sald bonds. The proceeds of the entire balance of the bonds authorized to be issued, are appropriated and shall be expended for the purpose of grading, paving, sewering and otherwise improving the streets and alleys of the said city, and therein set out. The aggregate amount of indebtedness of said city, issued and authorized at the date of this proclamation is $146,309.00, consisting of outstanding bonds of the amount of $137,900.00, and floating debts of the amount of $9,309.00. The amount of indebtedness which the said city is authorized to incur in addition to the indebtedness above set forth is $275,856.57. That for the purpose of holding the election provided for in the foregoing ordinance, the following named persons, nominated by the mayor and approved by the council of the City of Martinsburg, on the 3rd day of April, 1917, are hereby appointed commissioners and clerks to hold said election in their respective precincts, to ascertain and declare the result thereof, as provided by law, which said commissioners and clerks shall act at their respective precincts in said city, as follows: First Ward, 1st Pricinct, Commissioners—W. R. Caskey, Hannon Reed and F. C. McBee. Clerks—C. E. Thompson and C. E. Kisner. First Ward, 2nd Precinct, Commissioners—John Lloyd, Jas. B. Shipe and Stewart Cushwa. Clerks—E. B. Chamberlain and J. Frank Selbert. Second Ward, 1st Precinct, Commissioners—C. C. Culler, L. H. Shaull and C. D. Burns. Clerks—G. B. Slifer and Carroll Sonecindiver. Second Ward, 2nd Precinct, Commissioners—L. H. Thompson, A. B. Noll and John Gerling. Clerks—Lee Siler and Harry Thomas. Third Ward, 1st Precinct, Commissioners—A. M. Gilbert, J. R. Poland and Lewis Light. Clerks—Frank A. Minor and E. C. Trout. Third Ward, 2nd Precinct, Commissioners—Dan Heilston, Chas. Selbert and A. Nichodemus. Clerks—Low Young and Thomas Thornburg. Fourth Ward, 1st Precinct, Commissioners—Harry Whittington, Jas. Powell and Wm. Cumiskoy. Clerks—J. Wm. Kastle, Lowen. Fourth Ward, 2nd Precinct, Commissioners—Jas. Larkins, F. H. Baker and W. H. Wright. Clerks—J. Wm. Kastle, Sr., and Thos. Youtz. Fifth Ward, 1st Precinct, Commissioners—John Olliver, J. H. Lloyd and Eugene Small. Clerks—Earl Lloyd and Wm. Cage. Fifth Ward, 2nd Precinct, Commissioners—Ed. Brandenburg, J. H. Bratt and J. T. Crawford. Clerks—George Dunn and Roy Edwards. IN TESTIMONY WHEREOF, I. P. W. Leiter, Mayor of the City of Martinsburg, have caused this, my proclamation, to be made and issued and have hereunto set my hand and affixed the corporate seal of the City of Martinsburg, West Virginia, which corporate seal is attested by the Recorder of the City of Martinsburg, West Virginia, this 4th day of April, 1917. P. W. LETTER. Mayor of the City of Martinsburg. ATTEST:— JOHN H. ZIRKLE Recorder of the City of Martinsburg. W.4 5 12 19 26, SD H. Mr. Carl Cole, who has been in Coatesville, Pa., is home visiting relatives and friends. FREIGHT WRECK AT RATTLING BRIDGE Four Cars on Eastbound Train Derailed Near Here This Morning —Trains Are Late. Four cars from an eastbound freight train were derailed about 9:30 o'clock this morning at Rattling bridge, about a mile east of the Baltimore and Ohio station, and caused considerable delay of traffic. No. 11, due here at 8:56 was several minutes late, which, however, is said to have been caused by trouble farther east. No. 15, the fast westbound passenger train, due here at 11:16 o'clock, ran nearly two hours and a half behind its schedule time, due to trouble encountered near Washington Junction. The wreck caused no trouble to the westbound trains. WAR! What Is It • All About? HAS the whole world gone stark mad over a very feilish and trivial question? Are swords rattling, cannon rumbling, mailed armour glistening just because Russia wanted to show her love for the little brother—Servla? Tear aside the curtain of Europe's politics and see the grim and sinister game of chess that is being played. See upon what a slim, yet desperate, excuse the sacred lives of millions are being sacrificed. Read the history of the past one hundred years, as written by some of the greatest authorities the world has ever known, and learn the naked, shameful truth. Just to get you started as a Review of Reviews subscriber, we make you this extraordinary offer. We will give to you FREE-“Europe at War” Get the Review of Reviews for a Year Review of Reviews Co. 30 Irving Place, New York your Coupon today—and be in time. Review of Reviewa 30 Irving Pl. New York Send me, on request, charger paid by you. The Big Red Book, "Europe at War," bound in cloth. Also enter my name, for the Review of Reviews for one year. If I keep the book I will rent it 10 chapters 25 cents for shipping and 50 per month for three months for the magazine and retain the copy "Europe at War," without charge. Otherwise I will, within 10 days, return the book at your expense. Name Address Occupation For cash with order send only $2.50 and we will pay shipping charges. The beautiful leather edition costs only a few cents more. For a copy of this luxurious binding, change above to 5 months, or send $5.00 cash in full. NA FLOR'S HAIR DRESSING THE KING OF ALL HAIR DRESSINGS GROWS HAIR-REMOVES DAYDRUFF AND TETTER. BUY IT-TRY IT-TEST IT ASK YOUR DRUGGIST FOR IT DEMAND IT! IF HE HAS NOT IT WE WILL SEND IT FOR 25 CENTS POSTPAID NA FLOR DRUG CO. AGENTS WANTED EDENTON, N.C. MENTION PAPER YOU SAW AD IN. A big book and over 300 pages, size 19 x 7 inches, handmade and durably bound in cloth, containing the dramatic history of the great events leading up to the present time; over 58 important and timely special articles; over 100 illustrations of the conflict; hundreds of graphic pictures; trats, photographs, diagrams, specially drawn war maps, illuminating statistical records, copies of official documents and diplomatic messages exchanged between the powers—a clear, vivid, accusative, permanent, which once ensured you will not willow without Europe's past and present are here dramatically pasted and presented. Hua- Send the Coupon only. It brings the big, hand- some book, charges prepaid, absolutely free. All we ask is that—after you get the book and like it—you send 26 cents for shipping and $1.60 a month for three months to pay for the Review of Reviews" for one full year. dreds of Illustrations graphically tell their own stories. More fascinating than any romance, here is a history so vivid, so dramatic, so stirring, so fascinating, so realistic, so wonderfully presented, so thrillingly told that it leaves an ineffable impression. Your War News Clarified It is not enough to read the daily news reports. Your ability to comprehend conditions and to discuss them rationally depends on a true interpretation of the meaning and the context. You must bring order out of chaos and the Review of Reviews" will do it for you. Send no the book isn't worth more than you pay for book and make Money gainie together, send it back at our expense. But be prompt. The world-wide fame of this compendium will make these few appear from our stock room. Send your Coupon today—and be in time. PROPER BREATHING It Plays a Large Part in the Promotion of Good Health. Proper breathing is one of the great big factors in promoting and retaining good health. It is no great number of years since the subject of deep breathing has engaged not only the attention of physicians, but trainers of athletes and the public generally. Recent authorities give special emphasis to the efficacy of deep breathing for asthmatics and for children and young adults who are predisposed to tuberculosis. Professor Arnold Hiller in the Berlin Clinical Weekly notes that it increases the passage of blood through the liver; that it increases the secretion and excretion of bile; that the stomach when filled with food may likewise be favorably influenced because the movement of the stomach contents through the pyloris is facilitated. "Deep breathing." says the New York Medical Record, "is the most scientific resource for the prevention of uric acid disease. One must begin with diaphragmatic breathing, which naturally precedes rib breathing. The inspiratory movements are now slowly increased until all the muscles involved in rib breathing gradually participate. One begins with three daily periods of fifteen or twenty minutes each. The position of the breather is immaterial. He may do his forced breathing while standing or walking. "In some individuals a very deep breath appears to arrest the pulse because of the compression of the subclavian artery; hence inspiration should be limited to a certain number per minute." HOW MODERN SHIPS Times When Water Tight Bulkheads Are a Menace to Life. Nearly every class or design of vessel sinks in a particular way. For instance, the old type of single bottom steamer, with few or no bulkheads—that is, in the modern sense of the term—almost invariably founders on more or less of an even keel, which means that it sinks level and not with its bow or stern up in the air. This is accounted for by the fact that at whatever point the water may enter it practically finds its own level, as there are no subdivisions to obstruct it. Now, in the case of a modern vessel, which is built with numerous subdivisions, it invariably happens that she founders with her bow or stern high out of the water, or else she sinks with a heavy list, or cant, to one side or the other. The reason for this is that the bulkheads prevent the water which enters the vessel from finding its level. Consequently when one particular portion of the ship is full of water, while the remainder is practically water tight, that part which is water laden sinks first, owing to its greater weight. It is for this reason that such terrible loss of life frequently occurs in modern shipwrecks. Owing to the uneven sinking it is often found impossible to lower the majority of the lifeboats, as they would fail to reach the water.-London Answers. Church Theaters. Few people know that plays in England, Germany, Italy and France were fostered for religious purposes by the church centuries before they were taken up as a separate secular business. Moreover, few visitors to St. Paul's cathedral, in London, realize that the church during Elizabeth's reign and the first years of the reign of James I. set aside one of its adjacent buildings for use as a secular theater. Its little stage was famous, and the company of choir boys as actors presented many of the great plays of Shakespeare's time. They acted from about 1598 to 1608 under the management of Edward Pierce, their great master in music, who, as church almoner, had business control of these adjacent buildings owned by the church.-London Standard. Even Kipling Will Pun. There is a new story about Mr. Kipling, for which G. F. Monkshood is responsible, having brought it out in his book, "The Less Familiar Kipling and Kiplingana." It appears that a friend asked Kipling whether he would not write on airmen, as he had done on the commanders and crews of submarines. "Perhaps, some day," replied Mr. Kipling. "Oh, but you must!" insisted his friend. "Let's see whether we can hit on a good title," "Well," said Mr. Kipling, after a moment's reflection, "what do you say to 'Plane Tails From the Sky?'" Might Have Been Worse. A Wisconsin man says that he was held up to Hidicule because some one painted a harness on his horse. But that's nothing to the fun that would have been created if he'd led a set of harness from the barn and then found that the horse within it was only a painted one.—Buffalo Express. Last Chance Offer Expires March 31, 19 No Combination of Reading Like It AND ALL FOR 52 Issues of THE YOUTH'S COMPANION The Best Two for all the Month for only and 12 Issues of MCCALL'S MAGAZINE MCCALL'S 15' Dress Pattern Free The Youth's Companion IN HOURS The Intrinsic family wealth of Aug. 13 Great Stories on Chicago in 1917 300 Street Station, a famous 16' and Supplement, a thousand 16' leaves. Special Prices for all ages. McCall's Magazi IN HOURS AND A DRESS PATTERN On April 3, 1918价位 of McCall's just adv and this in your local store at pricing 1 The Public AUTHORITY follows by millions of American presidents, with the 18th edition by McCall's, still not only a portent but a hidden super- every month of 1917. 64 Issues and 116 McCall's Dress Patterns for... Send April 18 (Suggests 9.9.18) Money from the payment of the year to whom the magazine and get 1 THE YOUTH'S COMPANION for 10 weeks, and the 117 None Calam (This Offer is to new Youth's Companion subscribers only.) 2 McCALL'S MAGAZINE every month for one year; also choice of any 16- McCall's Dress Pattern FREE for 3 cents extra to cover mailing. YOUTH'S COMPANION, St. Paul Street, BOSTON, MASSACHUSETT LIVER DIDN'T ACT DIGESTION WAS B Says 65 year Old Kentucky Lady, Who Tells How She Was R After a Few Doses of Block-Draught. Aug. 1999 STYLE 1923 LIVER DIDN'T DIGES Says 65 year Old Kentucky Lady, After a Few Dose Meadorsville, Ky.—Mrs. Cynthia Higginbotham, of this town, says: "At my age, which is 65, the liver does not act so well as when young. A few years ago, my stomach was all out of fix. I was constipated, my liver didn't act. My digestion was bad, and it took so little to upset me. My appetite was gone. I was very weak... I decided I would give Black-Draught a thorough trial as I knew it was highly recommended for this trouble. I began taking it. I better after a few improved and I bowels acted naturally and the fist trouble was soon righted with a few The Secret of a Good Figure when he is in the brammars. Numbers of brommards of women wear the John-John brammars for the reason that they regard as necessary as a cost. It supports the bus and bank and gives the figure the positive outline which fashion degrees. are the deafest, most serviceable germont imaginable. Only the host of materials are used—for instance, "Walehn", a flexible boating of great durability—absolutely restrained, permitting laundering without removal. They come in all styles, and your local Dry Goods center will show them to you to request. If he does not carry them, he can easily get them for you by writing to us. Send for an illustrated booklet showing styles that are in high favor. BENJAMIN & JOHNES 20 Warren Street, Newark, N. J. Beautiful Bust and Shoulder are possible if you will wear a scientific constructed Bim Jelle Brassiere. The dragging weight of an unconfined body stretches the supporting muscles in the contour of the figure is spelled. BEN YOUR BRASSIERS get the best book where it belongs, prevent the full bust from having the appearance of the skin, eliminate the danger of dragging muscle and confine the flesh of the shoulder giving graceful line to the entire upper body. They are the diastict and most invisible materials imaginable—some in all materials and styles: Cross Back, Hook Flesh, Surfaces, Band caul, etc. Bread with Walnut, the routine boning—permitting washing without removal. Have your dealer show you Bim Jelle Brassiere if not stocked, we will gladly send him, prepare examples to show you. BENJAMIN & JOHNES St Watson Street Newark, N. T ACT GESTION WAS B Lady, Who Tells How She Was Re Doses of Black-Draught. doses of Black-Draught." Seventy years of successful use made Theford's Black-Draught standard, household remedy, member, of every family, at need the help that Black-Draught give in cleansing the them as leaving the troubles that come constipation, indigestion, lazy etc. You cannot keep well unless stomach, liver and bowels are in working order. Keep them that a few all draggers.