Twin-City Herald

WOMEN'S FEDERATED CLUBS TO CONVENE HERE READ THE HERALD Volume 1--No. 9 COOLIDGE SENDS GREETINGS TO N.A.A.C.P. METING EXPRESSES "HIGH REGARD FOR MOST VALUABLE WORK" OF ADVANCEMENT ASSOCIATION Repeats and Emphasizes What He Said of Group in Appeal Message Said of Group in Annual Message Indianapolis, June 22nd.—President Coolidge has sent a warm letter of greeting to the 18th Annual Conference of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, which opens here tonight, and in his letter the President expresses his "high regard for the most valuable work" being done by the Association. President Coolidge in his letter states that "your organization, including as it does able and sincere men and women—white as well as colored—has been most effective in its efforts to secure for your race the rights and privileges that are the common heritage of us all." In the letter transmitting President Coolidge's message of greeting, his Secretary, Everett Sanders, states his gratification that the race relations conference is being held in his native State of Indiana and the hope that increased good-will will be the result of its proceedings. President Coolidge's letter, which is addressed to James Weldon Johnson, Secretary of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, is in full as follows: June 8th, 1927. "My dear Mr. Johnson: "It is always a pleasure to express my high regard for the most valuable work being done by the National Association for the Adyancement of Colored People. And, I thank you for the opportunity of sending a message to be read at its Eighteenth Annual Conference. "When we recall the history of the Colored man in this country, the long period of his bondage—during which he established a record for industry and fidelity—when we consider his lack of educational and other opportunities for many years, we cannot but marvel at his advancement. It has been steady in the face of many discouragements. We find the Colored man today not only an important factor in our industrial and agricultural development, but successful in business and showing skill in the professions and in the arts. That his achievements and standing in our Communities will continue to increase is certain. To that end he should receive every assistance that may be given. "I would like to repeat and emphasize here what I said in my last Annual Message to Congress: "The social well-being of our country requires our constant effort for the amelioration of race prejudice and the extension to all elements of equal opportunity and equal protection under the laws which are guaranteed by the Constitution. The Federal Government especially is charged with this obligation in behalf of the Colored people of the Nation. Not only their remarkable progress, their devotion and their loyalty, but our duty to ourselves under our claim that we are an enlightened people requires us to use all our power to protect them from the crime of lynching. Although violence of this kind has very much decreased, while any of it remains we cannot justify neglecting to make every effort to eradicate it by law. "The education of the Colored race under Government encouragement is proceeding successfully and ought to have continuing support. An increasing need exists for properly educated and trained medical skill to be devoted to the service of this race.' "Your organization, including as it does able and sincere men and women—white as well as Colored—has been most effective in its efforts to secure for your race the rights and privileges that are the common heritage of us all. "My best wishes for the future. Very truly yours, (Signed) "CALVIN COOLIDGE." TWIN-CITY HERALD PICKENS SPEAKS TO LARGE CROWD HERE IN TWIN CITIES MILL CITY BABY CONTEST A BIG SUCCESS. QUOTA RAISED Wm. Pickens Reviews Work of National Association A big crowd greeted William Pickens, National field secretary of the N. A. A. C. P., Monday evening, in the assembly room of the Hennepin County Court House. The occasion was the close of the Minneapolis Women's Auxiliary of the N. A. A. C. P. Baby Contest. This contest has been the center of interest for the past two months. The committee in charge of the contest was headed by Mrs. Fannie M. Shanks, 3714 Fourth Ave. So., president of the Women's Auxiliary of the Minneapolis branch. She was assisted by Mrs. Mabel Willis, vice president of 1814 15th Ave. So., Mrs. Beulah Mitchell, 3612 Elliot Ave., secretary, and Mrs. Helen Grever, treasurer, 3548 Snelling Ave., and the members of the Women's Auxiliary. There were 51 babies entered in the contest, 21 of them reported at the mass meeting Monday night. These twenty-one babies turned in $408.90 for the cause. The contest was a spirited one and the finish was very close. The prize winners were: 1st prize, Baby Joseph Edwin Sizer, Jr., $10.00 in gold, 2nd prize of $5.00, was awarded to Baby Mary Margaret Allen, Baby Marillyl Stovall won the third prize of $3.00. All of these prizes were awarded by the Minneapolis branch of the National Association. The 4th prize was awarded by the Twin City Herald to Baby Roy Crawford, Baby William Cannon took fifth prize which was awarded by the Fellowship Club, 6th prize went to Baby Emma Dolores Roberts and was presented by the courtesy of Milton Shanks, contractor, the 7th prize went to Baby Alvin Perry. M. MRS. FANNIE M. SHANKS The program arranged by the committee included: The National Negro Anthem sung by the audience and led by W. C. Jeffrey, other musical numbers on the program were given by the obliging youngsters. Clifford and Hollis Hawkins, sons of Mr. and Mrs. Clifford Hawkins of Lyndale Avenue North. Another interesting number was a drill by the Phyllis Wheatley boys, a cute group of youngsters who gave a military drill under the charge of Miss Ethel Ray. A short talk by the president of the Minneapolis branch introduced Mr. Pickens, the principal speaker of the evening. His address was filled with potent statements of the necessity of the support by the Colored people of the country of the National Association. He gave a brief outline of what the association has done in its years of service to the race and country. He also paid tribute to the ability of the babies to raise money for the association. He said that the babies raised $50,000 last year for the work of the association. He gave some very good advice to the citizens of the community and his address was well received. Because of the fact that he had to catch a 10:45 train, his address was necessarily short. Mrs. Elizabeth Van Hook made a short plea for garments for the flood sufferers. Continued on page 3 DEFECTIVE PAGE READ! READ! The Herald is glad to be allowed the privilege of giving to its readers the most complete history and study of the Minnesota Negro. This survey was compiled by Abram L. Harris, while secretary of the Minneapolis Urban League. Mr. Harris is considered by authorities on the subject of sociology in the country, regardless of color, as one of the leading writers on this subject. The survey, because of its length, will have to be run serially in the Herald. The Phyllis Wheatley House, in conjunction with the Urban League, is responsible for the publication in book form. The Survey can be obtained in that form at the Urban League office. Turn to page two and begin reading the most absorbing story of the Minnesota Negro in the Herald each week. HISTORIC BACKGROUND OF THE NEGRO POPULATION IN MINNESOTA By Abram L. Harris CHAPTER I The history of the Negro in Minnesota dates back to 1836 when Dred Scott remained here for a short time. But prior to his coming several white citizens in Ramsey County had Negro slaves. According to a document of this period a Major Taliaferro had inherited several slaves whom he hired to officers of the garrison at Fort Snelling. Trafficking in slaves does not appear to have loomed very large in Minnesota at any time during the slave regime. It is reported that only one slave was ever sold within the bounds of Minnesota. This man was George Thompson who was owned by an officer at Fort Snelling and who was sold to a Mr. Burnson for $1,200. When a Captain Plympton of the Fifth Infantry wished to purchase a female slave from Major Taliaferro, referred to above, the latter refused, giving as his reason his desire to ultimately free his slaves. Another female slave owned by Major Taliaferro was given by him in wedlock to Dred Scott, the Major performing the ceremonies. The Civil War with the invasion of the Southern States by Federal troops, and the abolitionist movement with its Underground Railroad, were great factors in the early distribution of Negroes to Northern States. Many of the free Negroes of the South had fled from the land of their nativity long before the Civil War began. A few of these came to Minnesota. Mention has already been made of Dred Scott, the historic fugitive slave. Between 1836 and 1856 a number of free Negroes who worked as porters and stewards on the steamboats that plied the Ohio and Mississippi Rivers settled in Minnesota. In 1856 a small group, including Blakely Durant, Thomas A. Jackson, Robert Bruce, Joseph Farr and J. K. Hilyard, came to Minnesota to live. After the provisional emancipation of 1867, a group of Negroes headed for Minnesota gathered at Jefferson City, Missouri, and at St. Louis, Missouri. There were about 300 in the party which was the largest contingent to come at any time in these early migrations. The white workers in St. Paul were intensely hostile to the landing of these newcomers of color. So these "contrabands of war," as they were called, were taken to the United States Army quarters at Fort Snelling and from there distributed to various parts of the state—to Blue Earth, Washington, Hennepin and Ramsey Counties. The members of the first groups were chiefly southern Negroes who had been working in the Middle Western States, and on the Erie Canal, and on the Ohio and Mississippi River boats. A small number of this original group had come directly from the South Western States. When the Union Army invaded the South many Negroes who had already enlisted in the Confederate Army fled to the side of their saviours. This was the case with William Crosel who escaped from the Confederate Army in 1864 and entered the services of Captain John Darlington of the 7th Minnesota Regiment. Crosel was brought to Fort Snelling by the Regiment upon its return. Later he settled in Minneapolis. At an earlier date Julius Todd was brought to Min- EPISCOPAL MEN'S ANNUAL PICNIC NEXT WEDNESDAY TWIN CITIES WILL JOIN ST. PHILLIP'S CHURCH CLUB IN YEARLY EVENT Outing Will Be Held at State Fair Grounds Next Wednesday the Annual Episcopal picnic, will take place at the State Fair Grounds. This affair is a twin city institution, and is usually the largest picnic of the season. This is the twenty-eighth year of its existence. Through all of these years it has maintained its reputation as the one picnic where "everybody who is somebody" is present. In the old days on Episcopal picnic day if the average Minneapolitan or St. Paulite's job interfered with his attending the picnic the job was usually vacated, for that day at least. There must be a reason for the popularity of the Episcopal picnic. In talking with John M. La Coste, general chairman of the picnic committee, we found what might be considered the cause of the continual success of the picnics. Mr. La Coste, stated that throughout the twenty-seven years of Episcopal picnics that there has never been any serious disorders of any kind at the picnics. This fact is evidently one of the many reasons why these affairs are always well attended. Mr. La Coste is assisted this year by the following well known men, members of the St. Phillip's Church Men's Club: Eugene Jackson, who acted as floor manager last year will be at the same post this year. The other committee men are Wm. Anderson, Pardee Lealtad, Wm. Pettet, Wm. Elliott, Wm. Benjamin, M. R. McKnight, E. O. Brown, Noble Hauser, Lewis Moore, Geo. Manning, Frank Fawkes, E. Gouch, Walter McCoy, Geo. Shannon, Oliver Taylor, Clarence Tibbs, S. Lewis, L. H. McCoy, E. Neal, F. D. Cracken, A. P. Rhodes, Chas. Cuthbert, Rudolph Martin, Mr. McPhetis and Arthur Hedge. The Music for the occasion will be furnished by one of the best musical organizations in the Northwest. Refreshments and good eats of all kinds will be served according to the committee. One of the features of this outing will be a kittenball game between the Phyllis Wheatley Junior girls and the Intermediate girls for a purse of Five dollars in gold. This event will start promptly at five-thirty P. M. No admission will be charged at the gate. The motto of the committee in charge is "Good Order Must Prevail." They reserve the right to refuse any undesirable persons. Wednesday, June 29th, is the date. The State Fair grounds is the place, at the Como Ave. gate. Most all of the twin citians will be there. EDITOR'S WIFE PASSES AWAY Mrs. Cyrus Leslie Lewis of 377 N. St. Albans St., passed away Tuesday, June 21, after about eighteen months of illness. She had been in the hospital since July 10, 1926. Mrs. Lewis was 27 years old, and leaves besides her husband, two children, two years and eight months and ten months old, a mother, sister, and a host of friends. Funeral services were held at St. James' A. M. E. Church, Dr. Wm. H. Griffin officiating. CONCERT TOUR ENDS St. Paul Contralto Singer Has Successful Tour Bell Salters Tyler, contralto, returned on Saturday, June 18, from an extensive and successful concert tour of the Pacific Coast, including Seattle, Spokane, Portland, Pasadena, San Francisco, Los Angeles and other places. Mrs. Tyler's return on the 18th, was her 20th anniversary, and to her surprise a party was given at the Sterling Club in her honor. There were seventy-five guests present. The hall was beautifully decorated and many beautiful presents were received. Among other things a beautiful breakfast set, breakfast cloth and napkins, and a table was set which was very pretty and a great surprise. Dancing was in order. Music was furnished by a vitaphone, which was ideal for the occasion. Favors were given to all present, and a very enjoyable time reported by all. CLUB WOMEN TO HOLD ANNUAL STATE MEETING CLUB WOMEN TO HOLD ANNUAL STATE MEETING TWENTY-SECOND ANNUAL CONVENTION JUNE 29TH AND 30TH Sessions Will Be Held at Phyllis Wheatley House Wednesday morning, the twentysecond annual meeting of the Minnesota Federation of Colored Women's Clubs will convene at Phyllis Wheatley House, Minneapolis. Delegates from all parts of the state will attend the two day conference. Elaborate plans for the entertainment of the delegates, some of whom will come from Sioux Falls, S. D., as special delegates, have been made. M. THL LATE MRS IONE GIBBS MRS. CHAS. M. FOREE The program of the convention is filled with interesting features both to the club women and the general public. Many of the most prominent women of the state will be in attendance. A special invitation has been extended to the wives of the Ministers. A speaker of national note will welcome the delegates to the city. The two days' sessions will be well filled with music, addresses, reports, elections and other business of the convention. The entertainment features aside from the regular program will include a sightseeing tour which will include an inspection of the new Minneapolis Auditorium. The entertainment program will be climaxed with a reception to the delegates on Thursday evening at Phyllis Wheatley House, 808 Bassett Place, Minneapolis. Among the well known persons who will appear on the programs are: Mrs. Mae Black Mason, Mrs. Hattie Smith, Mrs. Estelle Bradley, Mrs. Mattie Rhodes, Marriene Jeffrey, Catherine Duncan Mitchell, Mrs. Eva Walker Carr, Hollis and Clifford Hawkins and many others of note. The Minnesota Federation of Colored Women's Clubs was founded twenty-two years ago by the late Mrs. Ione E. Gibbs whose untiring work welded together a strong state organization. The Federation has been officered by many of the state's leading women. The present President of the organization is Mrs. Jennie Young of St. Paul, who will make the annual president's address on Thursday night. The other elective officers of the Federation are Vice-President, Mrs. Marie T. Coles of Duluth; 1st vice-president, Mrs. E. Watts; Duluth; 2nd vice-president, Mrs. Minnie Wright, Minneapolis; Recording Secretary, Mrs. Mattie Rhodes, Minneapolis; assistant Recording Secretary, Dr. Lillian Lewis of St. Paul; Corresponding Secretary, Mrs. Annie Foster, St. Paul; Treasurer, Mrs. Minnie Archer, St. Paul; Historian MINNESOTA HISTORICAL SOCIETY Price 5 Cents Mrs. Chas. M. Foree of Minneapolis; State Organizer, Mrs. Elizabeth Van Hook, Minneapolis. The department heads of the state organization are Mrs. Gene Munday, St. Paul, Home Economics; Press and Publicity, Mrs. Mattie Rhodes, also of St. Paul. Mrs. Ethel Maxwell heads the Scholarship Loan Fund. Mrs. Anna O. Jordan has charge of the Maintenance Department; Ways and Means, Mrs. L. Roland; Mrs. Ruth Grice, St. Paul, is Chairman of the Executive Board. Legislative work is in charge of Mrs. Chas. M. Foree. Mrs. Beulah Mitchell, heads the Junior work of the Federation. Arts and Crafts is under Mrs. D. Chapman; Mrs. Katherine L. Smith, is in charge of Music. Mrs. Alice Gooden of St. Paul heads the Civics division. Mrs. W. E. Hatcher of St. Paul is the federation statistician. The committees in charge of the Minneapolis convention have worked hard to make this convention the greatest in the history of the Federation. Mrs. Elizabeth Van Hook, is general chairman of the committee on Arrangements. The general chairman has been assisted by committee women from the various clubs that will act as host to the meeting. These clubs are The City Federation, Mrs. Katherine L. Smith, Pres.; The Mothers' Effort Club, Mrs. America Sims; The Mary B. Talbert, Mrs. Panss Chavis, Pres., The Booker T. Washington Study Club, Mrs. Ethel Stevens, Pres., The Twin City Liberal Club, Mrs. Fannie Maye Shanks, Pres.; The Mary B. Talbert Juniors Club, Mrs. Beulah Mitchell, directress. Mary C. MRS. HESTER KEEYES MRS. NELLIE McCULLOUGH The committee women aiding in the arrangements for the convention program are: Mrs. K. L. Smith, Mrs. C. M. Foree and Mrs. Irene Levy. Housing—Mrs. J. Shannon, Mrs. Minnie Wright and Mrs. W. G. Carroll. Reception—Mrs. Mabel Willis, Mrs. I. Smith, Mrs. E. L. Abbey, Mrs. A. Sims, Mrs. M. Wright, Mrs. Grimes and Mrs. P. Chavis. Courtesy—Mrs. Ethel Stevens, Mrs. Nellie Walker, Mrs. Nina White, Mrs. B. L. Morris, and Mrs. H. Grever. Souvenirs—Mrs. Hazel Clark, Mrs. Eva Kelly, and Mrs. Beulah Mitchell. Press and Publicity—Sightseeing, Mrs. Gertrude Thomas, Mrs. Nellie McCullough, Mrs. F. Peoples, Mrs. Harry Allen and Mrs. Dobbs. The committee on community singing is Mrs. Alice Brown and Mrs. Catherine Duncan Mitchell, Registration—Mrs. Agnes Eddings, Credentials—Mrs. C. M. Foree, Badges—Mrs. Hester Keeys. The Mary B. Talbert Study Club Juniors will act as pages and ushers. The public is invited to all of the sessions of the convention. Don't miss the "Resurrection and Last Day" at St. James' Church, June 27th, at 8 o'clock. Your church should be listed in the Herald church directory. Twin-City Herald "Independent. Not Neutral" PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY PERRY PRINTING CO. Main Office 26 First St. North Minneapolis Minn. GE neva 6569 F. G. THOMAS.....President M. R. SHIVERS.....Vice President CECIL E. NEWMAN.....Editor and Secretary J. E. PERRY.....Manager and Treasurer SUBSCRIPTION RATES One Year ..... $2.00 Six Months ..... 1.25 Three Months ..... .75One Month ..... .25 Next week, Minneapolis will be host to the Minnesota Federation of Colored Women's Clubs. This is the twenty-second year of the existence of the organization. While we know but little of the history of the Federation, we do feel that the group does not realize its power—power for good—power for the advancement of the race, in this section of the country. If this group of intelligent colored women, decided next week, to see that, the money exexpended by their respective families, in purchasing the necessities of life, food, clothing, shelter, etc., was spent with Negro merchants, when possible and with "appreciative" white merchants when necessary. It would be as a "shot heard around the world." By "appreciative white merchants" we mean firms that employ brown folk—giving something tangible in return for our patronage. Probably the Federation will consider us rather presumptuous—we hope not—because we sincerely believe that only in such economic action shall we receive that which is rightfully due us. Rights are not given, but must be contended for. The women hold the purse strings and they can make the dollars fight for the right. If we do not do this—what of our boys and girls. Again, we say to the Minnesota Federation of Colored Women's Clubs welcome to Minneapolis. May much good come of their twenty-second annual convention. The news story in the various telling of Mayor Thompson being given the honorary degree of Doctor of Laws by Wilberforce College seemed to create a certain amount of humorous feeling among certain daily papers particularly the Chicago Tribune. Which is the funniest, Roy Octavas Cohen, caricaturist of a people, being given an honorary Doctor's degree by the white Birmingham Southern College as against Wm. Thompson, strong advocate of right of all American citizens, being presented an honor by Wilberforce. Take your choice. We are glad that the police are making a campaign against mashing. Women should feel safe to walk the streets of any section of the twin towns without fear of being accosted by automobile lounge lizards who regard every woman as a natural recipient of their unwelcome attentions. The Baptists are holding their state convention in Duluth, our sister city. Such gatherings are essential to our religious progress. News dispatches tell us, as we go to press, that Josephine Baker, popular American actress, has married an Italian count. It's none of our business, but we hope it's not true. If you will remember last year the "white" press and some of the Negro press had Roland Hayes engaged or married to an Austrian countess. Heretofore the business of acquiring titled husbands has rested wholly within the province of the daughters and widows of rich American whites. Verily the world doth move. Three years ago on the stage of the Metropolitan theaters of these cities this same much discussed Josephine Baker, tall and seemingly ungainly, clowned her way across the stage as a member of the chorus in Sissle and Blake's Chocolate Dandies. And now Josephine has acquired the hearts of the Parisian theater-goers and evidently has annexed herself a husband with a noble "pedigree." Ye Gods! The annual baby contest put on by the N. A. A. C. P. took place in the assembly room of the court house last Monday night. The assembly room was used because it was thought no place of our own would be large enough to accommodate the attendance. In a hall that holds possibly 1,200 people, perhaps 250 were present; that in spite of the fact that a pleasing program had been arranged, Dean Pickens, National Field Secretary was to be present, and the occasion was for the purpose of raising money to carry on the work of the N. A. A. C. P. both nationally and locally. The meeting was free, and no one was obliged to spend a cent. We howl about lack of opportunity, lack of employment, lack of representation on the police force, and in the fire department, of discrimination in public places, in the theatres, in eating houses; not down in Georgia, or Mississippi, or Alabama, but right here in Minneapolis. We meet the officers of the local branch of the N. A. A. C. P. and we ask, what are you going to do about the adverse conditions? What should be done about them? Nothing! Acting on your own indifference. As ye sow—so shall ye reap. You make no effort to help the things that are trying to help you, to give you a chance to make a living, to guarantee you your civil rights, and you reap the result—nothing—and it will always be so until we as a group wake up and do something for our own advancement. What reason, what right have we to expect more? We see the result of united effort, of preparation all around us; we know that because of those two factors things are being done every day, but does it stir us to take similar action? Hardly. Are we prepared to present a united front for representation on the police force? To ask for a fire company, to even ask for a janitor's place in our public schools, much less a place on the teaching staff? Or if a way is opened, are we prepared to fill any of these places? Have we a list of eligibles who have qualified by taking the civil service examination that is necessary if the way is opened? The Urban League is fighting for your economic betterment, the N. A. A. C. P. for your civil rights, and most of those for whom these organizations came into existence, cannot be gotten out to attend one of these meetings, much less to help push it along. Until we show a disposition to come together for our individual and collective good, just so long will we remain where we are—at the bottom of the heap. MISSISSIPPI CELEBRATES LINDBERGH'S WELCOME While we were all rejoicing in the fact that, as Charles Evans Hughes has put it, Charles Lindbergh typified the spirit of America in its best aspects, came the news from Mississippi of an act of fiendishness possible only in the United States. A mob of one thousand American citizens—not foreign-born immigrants or recent arrivals from the "slums of Europe"—took two Negroes, brothers, from the hands of the sheriff, tied them to a telegraph pole, poured gasoline over them, and burned them alive. Their screams were so terrible that one member of the mob had a momentary impulse of humanity and tried to beat out the flames. The sadists nearby promptly restrained him. Their victims were not guilty of the "usual crime"—rape. They were merely charged with having shot to death in a quarrel the white superintendent of a sawmill which employed them—and they had not been proved guilty. They were not seeking to escape; they were in the hands of the law. But, as usual, "the sheriff fired in the air." Equally as usual, "because of the darkness, the officers were unable to recognize any members of the band." If Mississippi does not find a way to identify the members of the mob and punish them, then the argument for a federal lynching law once more becomes unanswerable. The head is ours, the rest of the above is from Oswald Villard Garrison, outspoken campaigner for the rights of all Americans regardless of race, creed, or color. Geo. B. Kelley..... 1028 E. 10th St ADVERTISING RATES ON APPLICATION SUBSCRIPTION RATES $2.00 $1x Months s .75One Month WELCOME! MINNESOTA WOMEN! Minneapolis will be host to the Minnesota Women's Clubs. This is the twenty-second year of the town. While we know but little of the history of the group does not realize its power—power for the moment of the race, in this section of the country, colored women, decided next week, to see that, their respective families, in purchasing the need shelter, etc., was spent with Negro merchants, "appreciative" white merchants when necessary. It surround the world." By "appreciative white men employ brown folk—giving something tangible." The Federation will consider us rather presumptively, we sincerely believe that only in such economic which is rightfully due us. Rights are not given to the women hold the purse strings and they are the right. If we do not do this—what of our essay to the Minnesota Federation of Colored Women in Minneapolis. May much good come of their two. THOMPSON VS. COHEN History in the various telling of Mayor Thompson of Doctor of Laws by Wilberforce College seen of humorous feeling among certain daily paper tribune. Which is the funniest, Roy Octavas Cohen given an honorary Doctor's degree by the white men as against Wm. Thompson, strong advocate, men, being presented an honor by Wilberforce "AUTOMOBILE SHEIKS" and that the police are making a campaign aga- feel safe to walk the streets of any section of the being accosted by automobile lounge lizards whi natural recipient of their unwelcome attentions. ts are holding their state convention in Duluth, ts are essential to our religious progress. JOSEPHINE BAKER MARRIES A TITLE? matches tell us, as we go to press, that Josephine press, has married an Italian count. It's none of us not true. If you will remember last year that the Negro press had Roland Hayes engaged or press. In the business of acquiring titled husbands hard since of the daughters and widows of rich And doth move. Three years ago on the stage of these cities this same much discussed Josephine mainly, clowned her way across the stage as a Jane and Blake's Chocolate Dandies. And now Joarts of the Parisian theater-goers and evidently with a noble "pedigree." Ye Gods! AS YOU SOW baby contest put on by the N. A. A. C. P. to test of the court house last Monday night. The house it was thought no place of our own would be the attendance. In a hall that holds possible mere present; that in spite of the fact that a plague, Dean Pickens, National Field Secretary was on was for the purpose of raising money to care for C. C. P. both nationally and locally. The men is obliged to spend a cent. We howl about lack of equipment, lack of representation on the police force, of discrimination in public places, in the town in Georgia, or Mississippi, or Alabama, but we meet the officers of the local branch of the organization that are you going to do about the adverse conditions about them? Nothing! Acting on your own, shall ye reap. You make no effort to help me, help you, to give you a chance to make a living rights, and you reap the result—nothing—and as a group wake up and do something for our reason, what right have we to expect more? We are, of preparation all around us; we know that badugs are being done every day, but does it stir us up? Are we prepared to present a united front for force? To ask for a fire company, to even ask public schools, much less a place on the teaching field, are we prepared to fill any of these places, who have qualified by taking the civil service exam the way is opened? The Urban League is filing a complaint, the N. A. A. C. P. for your civil rights, and the organizations came into existence, cannot be these meetings, much less to help push it along. We come together for our individual and collective main where we are—at the bottom of the heap. MISSIPPI CELEBRATES LINDBERGH'S WELFARE were all rejoicing in the fact that, as Charles Leslie Lindbergh typified the spirit of America in 1907 from Mississippi of an act of fiendishness possessed, a mob of one thousand American citizens—many recent arrivals from the "slums of Europe"—took the hands of the sheriff, tied them to a telegraph them, and burned them alive. Their screams were of the mob had a momentary impulse of human flames. The sadists nearby promptly restrained not guilty of the "usual crime"—rape. They having shot to death in a quarrel the white suit employed them—and they had not been proved to escape; they were in the hands of the sheriff fired in the air." Equally as usual, "because others were unable to recognize any members of us not find a way to identify the members of them the argument for a federal lynching law once THE NATION ours, the rest of the above is from Oswald V. Paigner for the rights of all Americans rega TWIN CITY HERALD During this period when the public fession and court procedure, it will be evidence. At a meeting of the American in 1912, the following resolution was also been contemplated that members of the of this association, the several local time any of them should recommend a bership, they shall accompany the re-fact that he is of such race. The American Bar Association is no social aspects. The personal meetings called for considerations of constitution of the association does not men were admitted about the same the white lawyers decline election to the is on the books. Why not apologize for records, and abolish a discrimination of the bar when practiced by labor un-colored citizens. The Twin City Herald extends it and his immediate family in their hour. TO THE GUEST He who is silent is forgotten; he crushed; he who ceases to grow greed off, gives up, says Amiel. School days are over for many, due the contact of the graduate with the city but this race, this country of our mustinual progress depends on our educa obscure the way but must see nothing. This thing of color should not be allowment knows no caste, creed, or color always a love of God, of race, and of c SAYS THE NATION EDITORIALLY ON JUNE 8 During this period when the public is so justly critical of the legal profession and court procedure, it will do no harm to add one trifling bit of evidence. At a meeting of the American Bar Association, held in Milwaukee in 1912, the following resolution was adopted: Resolved, That as it has never been contemplated that members of the colored race should become members of this association, the several local councils are directed that, if at any time any of them should recommend a person of the colored race for membership, they shall accompany the recommendation with a statement of the fact that he is of such race. The American Bar Association is a lawyer's guild or trade union. It has no social aspects. The personal contacts of its members consist solely of meetings called for considerations of professional problems. Of course, the constitution of the association does not bar Negroes. In fact, a few colored men were admitted about the same time this resolution was passed. Many white lawyers decline election to the association as long as this restriction is on the books. Why not apologize for its enactment, expunge it from the records, and abolish a discrimination, ordinarily condemned by the leaders of the bar when practiced by labor unions, as well as other groups, against colored citizens. The Twin City Herald extends its condolences to Mr. Cyrus L. Lewis and his immediate family in their hour of bereavement. TO THE GRADUATES He who is silent is forgotten; he who stops is overwhelmed, distanced, crushed; he who ceases to grow greater, becomes smaller; he who leaves off, gives up, says Amiel. School days are over for many, days of real learning are just beginning, the contact of the graduate with the outer world is sometimes disheartening, but this race, this country of ours must carry on, in a great measure our continual progress depends on our educated folk. They must not let obstacles obscure the way but must see nothing but success at the end of the road. This thing of color should not be allowed to impede your progress. Achievement knows no caste, creed, or color. Do the job assigned, well, showing always a love of God, of race, and of country, and success is yours. The Observer The week just past was known as the "Marcus Garvey Release Week" so designated by the "Universal Negro Improvement Association" at which time the members of the association were to make a concerted effort to secure the release of Mr. Garvey from the Federal penitentiary at Atlanta, by arousing public sentiment in his behalf, to be expressed in petitions to President Coolidge. Negroes throughout the country were asked to join in the effort to liberate Mr. Garvey. I am not a member of U. N. I. A., but I have been somewhat interested in its career and through the courtesy of one of its local members have read many copies of the association's organ "The Negro World." I am in sympathy with the movement. I believe no good purpose can be served by Mr. Garvey's longer incarceration. Even those he is alleged to have sinned against hold no bitterness against him. Friends and former enemies alike feel that justice in his case has been adequately served. He has been in prison nearly two and a half years, his health is broken, and he is physically declining so rapidly that it may cause his premature death, an event that may cause a loss we do not now appreciate. The history of the "Universal Negro Improvement Association" is one of the saddest stories of our race—indeed a tragedy in the records of our racial misfortunes. The U. N. I. A. was founded by Marcus Garvey some years ago, its avowed purpose was to stir a back to Africa movement. That is what most people supposed it was attempting to do. Its real purpose was to unite all the Negro people of the world in a gigantic world wide commercial enterprise that would in time develop in control of certain rich products of Africa of which there are many. Mr. Garvey's plans and ideas were the most stupendous and far-reaching of anything ever attempted by Negroes. They were perfectly feasible and so full of possibilities as to make the commercial world look up and take notice. But his enterprises, while wonderfully commendable were too great, too massive for the meager experience of his co-workers. Take, for instance, his greatest undertaking, the wonder of the world, the "Black Star Line." The association purchased several steamships, one of them an ocean going freighter and manned it from captain to stoker, with black men. Now here is where the monster demon of any enterprise, namely, "Incompetency" got in its fine work. The boat was loaded in New York with a cargo for Havana, when ready to start the management did not know how to get proper clearance and a long delay occurred, when the ship finally put to sea, the cargo being improperly loaded, shifted and almost upset the vessel, a return to port had to be made causing another delay. When at last the steamer reached Havana, incompetency reared its ugly head, as proper docking requirements had not been made, another delay, so that the ship was tied up in debt; that failure was inevitable. It was in an effort to save the "Black Star Line" that got Mr. Garvey in trouble with Uncle Sam. But incompetency was not alone responsible for the troubles of the U. N. I. A., it had a partner just as danger- Continued on page 4 By F. G. Thomas EDITORIALLY ON JUNE 8 Music is so justly critical of the legal pro- cedure no harm to add one trifling bit of American Bar Association, held in Milwaukee adopted: Resolved, That as it has never the colored race should become members of councils are directed that, if at any a person of the colored race for mem- commendation with a statement of the lawyer's guild or trade union. It has tacts of its members consist solely of professional problems. Of course, the hot bar Negroes. In fact, a few colored time this resolution was passed. Many association as long as this restriction for its enactment, expunge it from the ordinarily condemned by the leaders unions, as well as other groups, against its condolences to Mr. Cyrus L. Lewis of bereavement. GRADUATES Who stops is overwhelmed, distanced, water, becomes smaller; he who leaves days of real learning are just beginning, outer world is sometimes disheartening, not carry on, in a great measure our con- tended folk. They must not let obstacles ing but success at the end of the road. Aided to impede your progress. Achieve- er. Do the job assigned, well, showing country, and success is yours. Pickens Speaks To Large Crowds Here In Twin Cities Mr. Smith, local president, made a short talk about the deplorable lack of interest shown by the many Minneapolis people who never contribute a cent to the association but who are the first people to ask what is the association going to do when certain cases arise. He said that the interest manifest in the recent "Hall" case was so great that the court room had to be roped off, but that when funds to take care of the expenses of prosecuting the "Hall" case were requested none of the people seemed so interested in the case could be found. A collection of $16.85 and one token was given by the audience to assist in reimbursing Miss Gertrude Brown for the railroad fare that she spent out of her own funds to go to Georgia for witnesses in the now celebrated "Hall" case. At the close of the meeting, the "400 Yell Club," an organization of young men, gave some regular college yells for the babies and the Minneapolis branch of the Association. This contest was one of the most successful that Minneapolis has held, and was for the purpose of raising Minneapolis' quota for the maintenance of the fight for justice. Much credit is due to the Women's Auxiliary and their committee, headed by the untiring Mrs. Shanks who deserves a world of credit in the opinion of the Herald for the success of the contest. A likeness of Mrs. Shanks appears in the paper. A final report of the other babies who did not report on Monday night, will be given in later issues of the Herald. Minneapolis has again gone over the top! J. Fraternal Choice MARIE, THE FLORIST 2938 Chicago Avenue Chicago at Lake Phone Dykewater 2461 ATLANTIC 9684 Stewart's Smoke Shop opular Brands of CIGARS and CIGARETTES 246 Third Ave. So. Minneapolis Herald on Sale Stewart's Smoke Shop opular Brands of CIGARS and CIGARETTES 246 Third Ave. So. Minneapolis Herald on Sale --- Continued from page 1 SSS THE DUNBAR HOUSE Rooms By Day or Week Porters' and Waiters' Headquarters Clean. Quiet, Homelike 723 Washington Ave. So. Minneapolis No.1 No.2 No.3 1501 Washington Avenue 743 East Lake Street 2701 East Lake Street Geneva 1270 Dykewater 1240 Dupont 1330 Duluth News Mrs. Ruth Lee, who has been confined at St. Luke's Hospital for the past several weeks, is now slightly improved. Her mother, Mrs. L. Caldwell, of Pittsburg, Kansas, arrived two weeks ago and has been constantly with her daughter. Mrs. Caldwell has been the house guest of Mrs. Charles Colby. John Dillingham, most Worshipful Grandmaster of the Masons of Minn., and jurisdiction paid Doric Lodge A. F. & A. M. a visit last Friday evening, leaving a good impression upon the members of the fraternity. On Saturday evening the members of Doric Lodge and Elizabeth Richey Chapter of Eastern Star joined in tendering an informal reception to the Grand Master. Among the graduates of the Class of '26 of Denfeld High School was Mr. William Johnson. Mr. Johnson during his high school career, has taken a leading part in Athletics, and has won many honors for his school, as well as for himself. He plans to enter a higher school where he may continue in his work. The St. Mark's A. M. E. Sunday School and Church held outdoor services Sunday morning at Fond du Lac. All the attendants of the service were well pleased with innovation. Those present were conveyed to grounds by cars donated for that purpose, through courtesy of the church members. Mrs. Wallace Rodney and Mrs. Victor Towles, who have been planning a new Chicken Shack on West Superior, were due to open the same on June 20th. The Herald wishes them success in their new undertaking. Give us your subscription for a month to the Twin City Herald, and get all the news from your neighbor city. Miss Farr has arrived from the Twin Cities for an indefinite stay with her niece, Mrs. Wallace Rodney. The Misses Vera, Virginia and Myrtle Burrs, from Virginia, Minn., are the house guests of Miss Marion Copeland. Mrs. W. B. Richardson left June 15th for St. Paul, to meet her sister, Mrs. Huron Shelton, who will accompany her to her home in Adrian, Mich., for an extended visit, including a visit to Detroit and Ann Arbor. Rev. D. E. Beasley, pastor of the Calvary Baptist Church, left Friday to fill the pulpit of Rev. Stou's Church at Fergus Falls. Mr. and Mrs. Algier Straus have purchased the house at 215 Ninth Avenue East, and will be ready to move into their new residence on or about July 1st. DULUTH CHURCH DIRECTORY Both churches located at Fifth Avenue East and Sixth Street. Morning services at 11:00 o'clock. Evening services at 7:45 o'clock. Calvary Baptist Sunday School at 12:30. St. Mark's A. M. E. Sunday School at 9:30. Rev. R. M. Rhonenee, pastor of St. Mark's A. M. E. Church. Rev. D. E. Beasley, pastor of Calvary Baptist Church. Visitors Welcome Phone—Geneva 2071 THE DUNBAR Rooms By Day or Porters' and Waiters' L Clean. Quiet, Homelike 723 Washington PHOTOGRAPHS live forever, have that long promised protrait made to-day. That Man Smith 633 Sixth Avenue North Cherry 0235 Manufacturers of Peterson's Swedish Remedies J. O. Peterson & So Wholesale and B DRUGG No. 1 1501 Washington Avenue Geneva 1270 No. 2 743 East Lake St Dykewater 1270 It is with the greatest of pleasure to announce that everyone seems to be planning for the two holidays of outdoor environments, celebrating the once a year real outing, the Fourth of July. Remember, folks, this is the first time where we can mingle and associate with our many friends and see for ourselves the great opportunity to own a home or cabin site in one of the finest spots nature can create, at the Samford's Investment Company Pokegama Lake Addition near Pine City, Minn., on one of Minnesota's beautiful lakes. Plans are being made for many different attractions and amusements, such as kittenball games between St. Paul and Minneapolis, horse shoe tournaments, nail pulling contest, croevening display of fireworks, fishing on quet and tennis games, a beautiful a real lake for real fish, besides the many short talks from different prominent Twin City residents on many different subjects of worth-while interest for the public at large, also the accommodations of the club, hotel and dining hall facilities. These homes or cabin sites are so priced that everyone can be favored, as prices range from as low as $50.00 to the higher price lots. So start your plans to spend your vacation time with your friends, and partake in these two big days of enjoyments and amusements for both the young and old. Information will be gladly given the Samford Investment Company, 605 Temple Court, Minneapolis, Minn., Geneva 4084 or from Dr. M. W. Judy, 3533 Fourth Ave. So., Locust 9059, Minneapolis, Minn. ST. PAUL GIRL WINS HIGH HONORS Miss Laura Oden of 672 St. Anthony Ave., will arrive home Sunday, June 26, from Northwestern University where she graduated with honors, having majored in Dental Hygiene. After finishing at Northwestern University, Miss Oden went to Milwaukee, Wis., and took the state board examination, which is one of the hardest in the country, passing with a grade of 97 plus, second in the class. Before going to Northwestern University last fall Miss Oden resigned her position in the office of Union Dental Company, 350 Robert St., Dr. C. R. Leach, proprietor. During her six years there she was promoted till she was head bookkeeper and general laboratory assistant and got much valuable experience in dental work. The staff, including the Minneapolis branch, entertained by Dr. Leach at his country home with Miss Oden as guest before her departure, and presented her with a gold pen, pencil, and twenty-dollar gold piece. Miss Oden has a number of offers from various parts of the country, but will rest at home for a while before deciding upon which offer to accept. For Quick Servicee ..SEE.. The Bland Transfer and Fuel Trunks a Specialty Hyland 9970 814 Sixth Avenue No. Minneapolis Fo — DEFECTIVEPAGE ]) 3 =—s—,—C(<C~‘YSsi: Local Society and Personals Geneva 2523 California Hand Laundry JAMES A. LEWIS, Mgr. Hand Work our Specialty A race concern employing race employees We Call For and Deliver ; : 1910 E. Franklin Ave, Minneapolis MINNEAPOLIS NEWS Mrs. Charles M. Foree of 3728 Min- nehaha, returned last Saturday from a short visit to Gary, Indiana, the home of her son Charles Earl Dun- can, who has been slightly ill. His condition is much improved. While in the East, Mrs. Foree visited in Chicago, Margaret Skearse, granddaughter of Mrs. Dora Henderson, 1837 East Franklin, left Saturday afternoon to spend ten days in Topeka, Kansas, with her grandaunt, Mrs. J. Edmun- gon. Mrs. Gertrude Jenkins, her son, L. N. Jenkins, and two daughters, Har- riette and Yvette, all of Kansas City, Kansas, are visiting at the home of Mr. and Mrs. B. S. Smith, 3358 Oak- land Ave. Miss Harriette Jenkins and Mr. L. N. Jenkins are attending the summer school session at the U. of M. Mrs. Clarence Johnson, 627 Sixth Ave. No., wife of Clarence Johnson, local musician, returned last week from a visit to her former home in Bismarck, N. D. Mr. Johnson is in Springfield, Ohio, filling’ an engage ment at a summer resort. Mrs. Callie Rhone, 3013 Garfield Ave. So., left Friday, June 18, on a motor trip to Los Angeles, California, by the way of Yellowstone National Park. Mrs. Rhone will be joined in California by her husband, Pierce Rhone, who is at present in the East. The Rhones will make their future home in sunny California. . Several teachers from Kansas City are attending the summer school at the University of Minnesota. Most of them are stopping in Minneapolis. Mrs. Howard Gilbert and Mrs. Wm. Martin received their friends Wednes- day, June 22, in honor of their mother, Mrs. Lucretia Gilbert’s birthday. The house was very prettily decoratea with pink and white chrysanthemums and peonies. BELLE OF BARCELONA TO BE REPEATED JULY 8TH Owing to the popular demand by those that missed seeing the produc- tion given by the Phyllis Wheatley Glee Club, namely “The Belle of Bar- celona,” the club has granted this request. We hope that those who missed seeing this play given June 18th, will not miss this date of July 8th, at which time we expect to be more pleasing to the public than at the last presentation. The Club ex- tends a cordial invitation to the St. Paulites who will not be disappointed in coming over to our city to see this musical comedy. According to ad- vance information the cast is earn- estly endeavoring to perfect their characterizations. This repetition is to be in St. Stephen’s Auditorium, July 8th, 22nd and Clinton Avenue South. CARD OF THANKS We wish to express our deep appre- ciation and thanks to our many friends for their kind expression of sympathy, their beautiful floral offer- ings, and the use of their cars so generously donated at the funeral of our son and brother, Lyman G. Sto- vall. ‘ Rev. T. B. Stovall and family. | Professional Cards | Office, Cedar ie netics, Dale 0918 Office Hours: 10 to 11 A. M., 12 to 1 P. M., 3 to 5 P. M.; Sunday, 10 to 12 M. Dr. Valdo Turner Office Dakota Bidg., 54 W. Seventh St. Res. 386 N. St. Albans ST. PAUL Hours: 1 te 5:30 P. M. Office and Residence 7 to 9:15 P.M. Cherry 7969 Sunday by Appointment R.J.C. BROWN, M. D. Office and Residence 638 Sixth Avenue North PHYSIO-THENADEUTICS een SSS ge DR. M, J. RICHARDSON DENTIST T0808 page roar Main 5252 We Appreciate Your Patronage GS = dD OSCAR P. GUSTAFSON Jeweler and Optician Se. 4th St. Minneapolis ST. PAUL NEWS Prof. and Mrs. W. H. Harrison of Kansas City, Mo., weré guests of Mr. and Mrs, M. Love of 306 Rondo St. They will make their home in Min- neapolis and attend summer school at the U. of Minn. Mrs, Harrison is studying sociology. Prof. Harrison is principal of Adduck School of Kan- sas City. Mrs, Mattie Goins and son, Harold, left for Chicago, June 18, to visit for one week, from there they will go to Cleveland, Ohio, where her daughter, Mrs. Ira B. Scott, will be hostess. Harold Goins graduated from Central High School this June, and will enroll at “Western Reserve” in Cleveland, Ohio, to study pharmacy. | Mrs. Bertha King’s Juvenile Stu- dents will give a recital at Central Ave. Branch of Y. W. C. A. on June 30th. Mrs. King is organist at St. James’ A. M. E. Church. * Miss Ber- nette Cason, violinist, will assist. Mrs. Minnie Scott Lilly, Principal of East St. Louis High School, was in ‘the city as a week-end guest of her college chum, Mrs. Lenora Brown, 455 St. Anthony Ave. Mrs. Lilly was en route to the University of Mon- tana to resume her study in summer school. Marvel Jackson is in the city, hav- ing been called to the death bed of her father, Madison Jackson. Mrs. Harriet Smith, social secre- tary of Welcome Hall, took the Girls’ Glee Club to Macalester Col- lege where they appeared on the pro- gram of the evening session of sum- mer school of Missions. Miss Cecil Eastman is giving a party on June 29, in honor of Mr Arthur Berry. Miss Rachel Gooden started as playground director at Welcome Hall Playground on June 15. The Criterion Art Club met at the home of Mrs. Marion Daniels, 756 Rondo Street, Thursday. Attorney Geo. W. Hamilton left or Wednesday, June 22, for Indianapolis, Indiana, where he will attend the Na- tional Convention of the N. A. A. C, P. Mr. Hamilton is president of the St. Paul branch of the association. Roy Wilkins, city editor and col- umnist on the Kansas City Call visited the Herald office Tuesday. Mr. Wilkins is a St. Cloud product and is rapidly forging to the front as one of the most prominent colored, : Lets boost a little. Let t! fellow do the knocking. | Mr. J. T. Tolson, of Winniy— ada, is now making his hor. ‘Paul. Mrs. A. O. Jordan and her Dequence, attended the Bap Convention at Duluth, WELCOME HALL NO” The entertainment given at Vc. Presbyterian Church, Monday, Ju. 20, was a great success. The choru: under the direction of J. H. Hickman, Jr., sang spirituals which were very much applauded by the audience. The soloists were Miss Ruth Brown, so- prano; Mrs. Peggy Grissam, contral- to; Miss Bernetta Cason, violinist; Ulabelle Moore, reader; Mr. B, H. Miller, tenor; Mr. John Hickman, Jr., baritone. Too much cannot be said for the wonderful way Mr. Hickman conducted the chorus. Mrs. Harriet Bell Smith was accompanist for the chorus. Mrs. G. W. Camp is giving a re- ception for members of the chorus, and all participants at her home, Mon- day, June 27. Summer vacation Bible school opens Wednesday, June 27. MUSICAL SOCIETY ORGANIZED “The St. Paul Musical Unit” has been organized to further the cause of music in St. Paul. Some of the best musical talent in the city are interested and there are twenty mem- bers with the following officers: Mrs. W. Welch, president; Mrs. Hattie Hall, 1st vice president; Miss Jeska Oden, 2nd vice president; Mrs, Bertha King, 3rd vice president; Mrs. Har- riet Bell Smith, secretary; Miss Br- mine Hall, assistant secretary; Mrs. Gladys Harris, treasurer. The club hopes to build a better appreciation for better music. Master Alexander Jordan, Jr., one of The Twin City Herald’s young Agents for St. Paul, was a caller at Herald’s main office Tuesday, June 21st. no aes TWIN CITY HERALD SS —————— Go to Church Si | Go to Church Sunday MINNEAPOLIS ST. PAUL BAPTIST C Baptist Bethesda Baptist Church, 1118 ath] MEMORIAL BAPTIST | street 8. H. C. Parsons Pastor. The Church for Ever Morning \ Worship, _ 10:45, Sunday School—9:45 A. Sunday school, 12:15. B. Y. P. U., Preaching—11.00 A, M. 6:30. Evening service, 7:45 B. Y. P. U.—6:30 P. M PSPROGAGD S1PE SUE ATR EDO et ito Pe: Prayer Meeting Thursday, 8:00 Everybody welcome, con P.M. ship with us. é a a Rev. Milton J. Stewar Zion Baptist Church, Seventh and Hoag Ave. North. Sunday school—9:30 A. M. St. Paul Baptist Ct Morning service—11:00 A. M. Mackubin St. and West C Evening service—7:30 P. M. Services Rev. C. B. Burton, pastor. Sunday School—9:45 A. St. Peter A. M. E. Church, 22nd Street, Elliot and 10th Ave. S. Morning service—10:45 A. M. Sunday school—1:00 P. M. Evening service—7:30 P. M. Rev. H. C. Boyd, pastor. St. James A. M. E. Church, corner Fourth Street and 15th Ave. Sunday school—9:30. Morning service—10:45. Christian endeavor—6:30, Night Services—7:30. Rev. C. R. Waters, pastor. BORDER M. E,. CHURCH Fourth Ave. N. and Lyndale Bible school—10:30 A. M. Morning Worship—11:30 A. M. Young People’s Society—6:30 P. M. Evening worship—7:30 P. M. Bible study, Wednesday evening— 7:30 P. M. WAYMAN A. M. E. CHURCH Service every Sunday at Phyllis Wheatley House. Morning service, 11:00 A. M., evening service, 8:00 P. M. Sunday school, 9:30 A. M. Everybody welcome. Rev. H. C. Clay- brook, pastor. The Church of God in Christ, 616 Lyndale Ave. N. Morning services—11:00 A. M. Evening services—6 P. M. Rev. F. Chaney CHURCH OF GOD 4 578 Eighth Avenue North C. M. Hicks, Elder Residence—561- Eighth Avenue No. Preaching Sunday—11:00 A. M. and 8:00 P. M. Janae ‘ng Vadr--day—-8:00 P *” Free Delivery 46 All Parts of City j 902 6th Ave, No.. Minneapolis GROCERIES Poultry and Meats Hyland 9746 McDUFF WOODARD. Prop. Wanted—First-class barber at 602 Lyndale Ave. N. Tel. Cherry 9908. Your church should be listed in the Herald church directory. Our Pure Food Products and Low Prices Makes our Store The Best Rlace For You To Trade 9 RING’S MARKET 2942 Chicago Avenue Phone Dykewater 6622 Shoe Repairing All Work Guaranteed T17 East Lake Street Chicago Avenue Transfer H. THORSON, Prop. Office Phone South 1428 Res. Phone South 5860 Your Patronage Solicited You will like our service _- Your next move—Call us 2910 Chicago Ave, METHODIST ST. PAUL BAPTIST CHURCHES MEMORIAL BAPTIST CHURCH Corner Rice and Fuller Ave. The Church for Everybody Sunday School—9:45 A. M. Preaching—11.00 A. M. B. Y. P. U.—6:30 P. M. Preaching—7:30 P. M. Everybody welcome, come and wor- ship with us. 3 Rev. Milton J. Stewart, Pastor. St. Paul Baptist Church Mackubin St. and West Central Ave. Services Sunday School—9:45 A. M. Preaching—11:00 A. M. B. Y. P. U.—6:30 P. M. Preaching—7:30 P. M. Rev, T. J. Carr, pastor. FILGRIM BAPLIST CHURCH Cedar and Summit Street Rev. Lee W. Harris, Minister Dale 8193 719 St. Anthony Services Every Sunday 10:30 A. M.—Prayer Meeting 11:00 A. M—Song Service 11:30 A. M.—Preaching 12:45 P. M.—Sunday School Evening Service Little Pilgrim, Grotto and Central - 6:00 P. M—Junior B. Y. P. U. 7:00 P. M.—Senior B. Y. P. U. 8:00 P. M.—Song Service Order of Service 8:30 P. M.—Preaching Monday, 8:30—Pilgrim’s Men’s Fel- * lowship Tuesday, 7:30—Boys’ Rangers, and Scouts ‘ Wednesday—Praise Service and Bible Study. We extend to the public a cordial welcome to our services of worship. ST. JAMES A. M. E. CHURCH Rev. W. H. Griffin, Pastor Corner Dale and W. Central Street Sunday Services Sunday School—9:30 A. M. Preaching—10:45 A. M. Allen C. E. League—6:30 P. M. Preaching—7:45 P. M. Mid-Week Service Friday—Class and Prayer Meeting, 8:00 P. M. CAMPHOR METHODIST CHURCH Corner, 13th and Broadway *reaching—11:00 A. M. unday School—12:30 P. M. rayer Meeting—8:00 P. M., Wed- —tay, JN PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 877 Farrington Ave. Morning Worship—11:00 A. M._ _ Sunday School—12:30 P. M. Evening Worship—7:00 P. M. Public invited. Newly decorated room in pleasant home suitable for light housekeeping ~ Franklin and 4th Ave., on Cedar com line. Tel, South 6751. McDEW 10@ So. Third St. = 5265 At. 0621 ooo Nine out of ten people can tell the editor of the average newspaper just how it should be run. But few can tell the editor how to keep it running. O. A. SUNDIN Cawdor Give Me a Trial I guarantee satisfaction Phone Dykewater 5983 734 E. Lake St Minneapolis Lyles Barber Shop, Farrington and Rondo St. ene Our advertisers deserve your con- sideration. Credit Certainty gg, Is it not a satisfaction as well Sa »\ as a privilege to know that = eee tn 5 you may buy THE BEST ee ee : THERE IS IN JEWELRY at ~§ aa the lowest cash price, on lib- | Oey eral credit terms? And, re- aa ag 5 member, that all purchases Saft ae are DELIVERED ON FIRST ‘@ a : PAYMENT. Take a whole Saw year to pay WITHOUT IN- y,, TEREST. Wear Diamonds PERFECT DIAMONDS i A Goodman Diamond. is a lasting mark of beauty i and good taste. This month we are offering a won- _/ 2 derful collection of gems, mounted in all the latest, styles, 18k solid white gold 00 00 I my 37550” 875 ee Terms $1. Down $1. a Week oS $ MONEY REFUMDE) tf YOUN BUY ClEAPER FOR CASH ; \ Good mans “/ ees ge eth nana Te eee i At OTe rN ea hte) O1o . oae oy AS 2 is ta % y N77 NY jo Ce Ss (i e RS. CAISCY SSIS See SENG SESE, BLE OE NG LEON YEE IERIE. ff Ue SN gia ae Ny, Bice cee ec Oo * And His Major Culberson = orcu'tstRA Formerly with the well known (Clarence Johnsons Night Hawks) Music Furnished For All Occasions Phone--Locust 8421 Res. 3941 4th Ave. So. B. H. NELSON PLUMBING City Water and Sewer Connections Jobbing Promptly Attended to Phones—Dykewater 1988 2930 Chicago Avenue Res. Colfax 1189 Minneapolis Phyllis Wheatley House GLEE CLUB Presents For Your Approval “The Belle of Barcelona” A Three Act Musical Comedy , Under the directions of BLANCHE MASON Monday Evening July 8th 1927 St. Stephen's Auditorium 22nd and Clinton Ave. Minneapolis For the benefit of the Phyllis Wheatley Gymnasium Cast of Twenty-Five : AN APOLOGY ee account of the “Belle of B lona” we inadvertently omitted the name of James Ward in the cast of characters. One of the necessities of a production like the “Belle of Barcelona” is a good accompanist. Mrs. Melvina Glenn was the excellent pianist in this production, her work could hardly be excelled, In the story last week, concerning the play we also failed to say a word about the wonderful work of Mrs. Glenn. For this we beg to be excused. CARD OF THANKS ‘We wish to express to our many friends our deep appreciation of their thoughtful and kind sympathy and floral offerings tendered us upon the death of our mother, Mrs. Minerva Johnigan. Mr. and Mrs. James Burkes. Mr. and Mrs. E. C. Johnigan. Res. Phone--Elk 1618 Office--Phone Gar. 1500 McGavock Mortuary 550 Rice St. St. Paul, Minn. HERALD NEWS REEL Sixteen more Ex-Twenty-fourth Infantry soldiers released by order of President. Mr. Coolidge is get- ting ready for 1928. He might be a little late starting. More palefaces arrested in the Coffeyville, Kansas, case. Lester Walton, staff writer on N. Y. World awarded honorary A. M. by Lincoln U. Florence Jones, colored cabaret operator in Paris, induces King George’s son, Prince Henry, to do the black bottom in public. De- troit, Michigan, to have fifty more colored policemen. They need them. We could use a few ourselves. Wood- men of World meet in K. C., Mo. Elks will go to Cleveland. Mashers in Minneapolis to catch Hail! Columbia. Many twin citians who criticise churches—Never attend—it’s so easy to criticise, but it takes a little gray matter to help build something. All together now let’s make Minnesota a great place for everybody to dwell in. Don’t miss the “Resurrection and Last Day” at St. James’ Church, June 27th, at 8 o’clock, Don’t be a slacker, join the N. A. A.C. P. "Big" Bill Tate, "trainer of champions," will meet Jim Savage, WestSide Chicago heavyweight, in one of the supporting numbers of the "Tiger" Flowers-Maxie Rosenbloom bout which will be staged at Comiskey Park, Chicago, July 4th. The "Fighting Deacon" has been given the runaround by Walker and Jack Kearns since Benny Yanger gave them the "Tiger's" title but he has been kept busy by his capable manager, Walk Miller. The firm of Miller and Flowers has been kept busy in the heavyweight division, while the pseudo-champion, Mickey Walker, has not earned a dime at the fistic game, since the Flowers-Walker fiasco at Chicago, December 4, 1926. Tony Canzoneri, the Italian, will meet the bantamweight champion, Bud Taylor, in a bout for the title at Wrigley Field, Chicago, Thursday night. Abe Goldstein, former champion of that division, will meet Ignatio Fernandez, the latest Filipino sensation, in the ten-round semi-windup; Goldstein claims he can beat both the champion and the challenger; Chick Suggs, the only challenger of our group, was recently eliminated by Taylor out in California, when Taylor won by a technical knockout. Johnnie Baker Post, All Star baseball club, under the efficient management of Martin Brown, will play Crystal Bay at Minnetonka, Sunday, June 26th, at 3:30 P. M. Mike McTigue who won the light heavyweight title from the late Battling Siki on one St. Patrick's Day, and subsequently lost it to Paul Berlenbach, will get an opportunity to vie for it again with the present holder, Jack Delaney, if Tex Rickard's plans materialize next month. In the recent Interscholastic Meet held at Soldiers' Field, Chicago, Eugene Beatty broke the World's Interscholastic record for the 220 yard low hurdles; John Lewis team mate of Beatty, both of Northwestern High School, Detroit, won in the 440 yard run, setting a new record of 50 1-3 seconds for that event. Eddie Tolan, of Cass High, Detroit, won the century and the furlong. Quite an achievement for the colored exponents of the cinder path. Classified Wants POTT'S RESTAURANT The home of good eats Steakes, Chops, etc. 313 Rondo St. St. Paul Furnished rooms for rent by day or week. 211 Eleventh Ave. S. For Rent—furnished room for couple. Phone So. 5515. —3—2t Bungalow, $300 down, $30 per month; one bedroom, bath, all built-ins, fire-place, heated, sun-room. McDew, 10 S. Third St. Atlantic 0621, Locust 5265. Before you rent or buy see N. J. Hunter, Rental Agent and Real Estate Dealer, 324 E. 38th St. FOR RENT-8-room house, hardwood floors, hot water, 2500 Carroll Ave. W. S. Buttler & Co., Phone Cedar 0516. FOR RENT-Lower 5-room duplex, hot water heat, screened-in porch and garage. 3827 Fifth Ave. S. Call Locust 8755. THE CARVER INN Announcing the opening of a new place to go after a dance or show to the prettiest place in the Twin Cities for our people. Fried Chicken served in Real Southern Style. Five miles out on 6th Ave. No. at Medicine Lake crossroads. Open Day and Night MOTHER CARVER, Prop. Phone Orchard 9002-R Notice—If you receive the Herald by mail and don't want it kindly refuse it upon delivery by postman so we may check you off our lists. See Mr. Rapaport for the most desirable site in the city for the proposed Colored Y. M. C. A. Terms very reasonable. 570 Sixth Ave. N. For advertising, subscriptions and news—Marvin R. Shivers, 668 Anthony Ave. Dale 3492. FURNISHED ROOMS—$2.50 per week and up. The Dunbar House, 723 Washington Ave. S., Phone Geneva 2071. ```markdown ``` PROMINENT CITIZEN DIES Madison Jackson died at his home on 2003 Franklin Ave. S. E., Monday, June 20th, after an illness of three months. Mr. Jackson has been with the Soo railroad for 25 years and was one of their best employees. He came to Minneapolis in 1901 and has been one of the foremost in work of the community. Mr. Jackson leaves to mourn his loss a devout wife and three daughters, Marvel, Helen, and Zelma. Four brothers, and one sister, Mr. Charles Jackson of 1088 N. Dale St. and all of the other brothers and sister are in Cleveland, Ohio. All of Mr. Jackson's daughters attended the University of Minnesota. Helen, having won the honor of Phi Beta Kappa, the highest honor that can be bestowed on a student. Mrs. Jackson has been active in club social and church work. FAMOUS ACTRESS APPEARED HERE IN "SHUFFLE ALONG" AND "CHOCOLATE DANDIES" BECOMES IDOL AND PET OF PARIS OVER NIGHT. Paris, France, June 24.—It is rumored around this city that Josephine Baker, the most popular American actress in Europe, has married an Italian Count whose name is Pepito Di Albertina. According to these reports the count belongs to one of the oldest and most aristocratic families in Europe. If the reports are true, Miss Baker becomes the first Negro woman in recent years to marry a member of the nobility. The phenomenal rise of Miss Baker, who three short years ago was just a chorus girl in various shows, is unparelled. She is at present the featured player in the Follies Berge, the largest theatre and attraction in Paris. Minneapolis and St. Paul more than likely remember the comedy chorus girl in "Shuffle Along" and this same girl in the "Chocolate Dandies." Well, this same young lady has made one of the biggest hits that any American actor or actress has ever made across the sea. The last time Miss Baker was here she stopped with Mrs. W. B. Williams. MANY OF MILL CITY'S YOUNGER GROUP ARE PURCHASING HOMES According to B. M. McDew, Minneapolis Real Estate man, the younger married people of this city are very much interested in acquiring homes. Among the most recent purchasers through Mc Dew's office are: Mr. and Mrs. Fanchie K. Mack, Mr. and Mrs. Phillip Hale McCullough, Mr. and Mrs. Pleasant Breedon and Miss Louraine Ellis. All of these homes are in the south central residential district. Mr. McDew says that advertising in the TWIN CITY HERALD pays. COLORED MAN ORDAINED LU THERAN MINISTER New York City, N. Y., June 23.—Nicholas Morris Chisholm was ordained as minister of the Lutheran Church at Utica, N. Y., on June 14. He will become assistant pastor of the Negro Lutheran Church of Transfiguration, 74 W. 126th St., New York City. He is a graduate of Colgate University and Drew Methodist Theological Seminary, Madison, N. J. WILL CALL GRAND LODGE TO ORDER JOHN A. BROWN Joel M. Polk, Deputy Grand Master The Most Worshipful Star Grand Lodge F. & A. A. Y. M. National Compact of the state of Minnesota and Jurisdiction comprising the states of Iowa, North and South Dakotas, Wisconsin, will meet in the third annual convention at St. Paul, Minnesota, at high noon Wednesday, June 29th, 30th, and July 1st, 1927, at Welcome Hall, 373 Farrington Avenue and Zenith Grand Court of Heroines of Jericho, will meet in third annual grand communication at the same time and place. TWIN CITY HERALD AN ANSWER TO MR. C. ROSS' VIEWS To the Twin City Herald: In the issue of the St. Paul Echo, dated June 12, an article appeared, entitled "C. Ross Gives Views to Porters on Plan of Industrial Relations Employed by the Pullman Company." Mr. Ross does not state whose views he is giving and those who are familiar with Mr. Ross' affairs know that his own views are dimmed by colored glasses, which were tinted by a loan of the porters P. P. B. A. money, handled by the company for just such purposes. Mr. Ross states that he knows of no corporation who spends so much patience and money trying to give justice to its employees. This is a reflection on Mr. Ross' knowledge, for the time, money and patience spent by the company is not to give justice to the porters but to prevent them from taking steps by which they may be assured obtaining justice. He also praises the company for having given the porters an opportunity for the past fifty years, to serve the public on its cars. The company would truly deserve such praise, had it adequately rewarded the employees during this period for services rendered and allowed them to prosper according to the growth and prosperity enjoyed by itself. But instead of doing this, it has grown richer until it is one of the richest and most powerful corporations in the world by the sale of this service, while these employees have been the poorest paid group of railroad workers in the country. I therefore ask, is this showing a desire to give justice? Mr. Ross' data on collective bargaining would be all right were he not basing his premises on fallacious statements. He states that in order to make the employee equal in power with the employer, there must function some plan through which regularly chosen representatives may meet their employer on an equal footing. This is just what the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters claims, and what the Industrial Relations Plan does not allow. The representatives of the employees, in this plan are most irregularly chosen, under the domination of the Pullman officials. And every representative is subject to dismissal from the service who dares to raise a voice in the conference with the employer in behalf of those whom he is supposed to represent, and is therefore everything but on equal footing with the conferees. Mr. Ross pleads for a fair trial the plan. Some of the most ingent of the porters gave five of their best efforts trying to the plan to function to the adv of the porters, with the result at present the majority of the found or are seeking emple elsewhere, and the plan is funct yet as it was originally intended it should, for the interest of the pany only. All the offices are 1 with hand-picked men who are wi to accept personal favors rather to porters' welfare. The conclusion of every sobe minded intelligent man must inevitably be, that the only hope for any justice to be obtained is by joining and supporting an organization by the porters, for the porters, and whose sole aim is to demand justice through the proper legal channels as set forth by the Watson-Parker Bill, and sanctioned and supported by all the military forces of the United States Government. (Signed) Paul L. Caldwell, Local Secretary and Treasurer Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters. Have you ever sent your laundry to a real race enterprise? The California laundry is such an establishment. Their telephone number is Geneva 2523. 28th ANNUAL PICNIC The Largest Event of Season Given by MEN'S EPISCOPAL CLUB OF ST. PHILLIPS CHURCH Wednesday June 29th STATE FAIR GROUNDS Admission Free Como Avenue Gate Refreshments and good eats will be served Music by MAJOR CULBERSON and His Band Everybody Invited That Is Somebody Every One Is Put On Their Honor To Conduct Themselves As Ladies And Gentlemen GOOD ORDER MUST PREVAIL The Committee Reserves The Right To Refuse Any Undesirable Persons Kitten Ball Game between Phyllis Wheatley Junior Girls and Intermediate Girls at 5:30 P.M. JOHN M. LaCOSTE, Chairman Assisted by The St. Phillips Men's Episcopal Club DEFECTIVE PAGE THE OBSERVER Continued from page 2 ous and destructive, namely "Dishonesty." Never in the history of our people has so much money flowed in an organization as went to the U. N. I. A., and never was so much misappropriated or downright stolen as this people have suffered. And so here's hoping that Mr. Garvey gets his release and that some good may yet come out of the "Universal Negro Improvement Association." It is reported that Grand Exalted Ruler Mr. J. Finley Wilson has changed the Grand Lodge meeting of I. B. P. O. E. of W. from New York to Cleveland. I hope this is not true. It is the most unfortunate thing for all parties concerned that could have happened. The Elk convention could and should go to New York. No one would have bothered them, in fact, they would have received just as warm a welcome as in Richmond, Virginia. And in case something had come up through the so-called "Gratton Law" the Grand Lodge should not run away without a fight. That the Gratton Law is clearly unconstitutional was decided by the U. S. Supreme Court in the case of the Pythians vs. the state of Georgia, which made the same law but the Knights fought the case and won out. "God hates a coward," the world loves a fighter. The Elks had a perfect right to go to New York, and should have at least made a fight for it. Fraternal Directory Ames Lodge No. 106, I. B. P. O. E. W., meets second and fourth Tuesday of each month. Wm. R. Morris, secretary, 818 Metropolitan Life Bldg.. Atlantic 1534. The Andrew Men's Shoppe 411 Honnepin Minneapolis 700 Hennepin Better Furnishings Reasonable Rates Courteous Attention Cherry 5409 ARCHIE JAMES FINE INTERIOR DECORATING ```markdown ``` Terms on request--Res. 1017 So. 5th St. Tel. Gr. 6256 Elkhurst 3073 Call For and Delivered R. ANDERSON First Class Shoe Repairing 460 Rondo St. St. Paul, Minn 732 East Lake St. South 8539 3-1 Market House Two Stores Blue Ribbon Meat, Fruit and Vegetables; Groceries We Deliver Free M.Burgil, Prop, Minneapoli AL PICNIC Event of Season on by OF ST. PHILLIPS CHURCH June 29th GROUNDS on Free venue Gate eats will be served BERSON and His Band The Baby Contest in St. Paul was a success. Eugene Reed, 1st prize; Nathaniel Foster, 2nd prize; Mary Jane Syris, 3rd prize. A large crowd was in attendance and listened attentively to the address of William Pickens, National field secretary of the N. A. A. C. P. Sunday, June 20, at 4 P. M., Mr. Pickens spoke particularly of the effect of recent victories in the South upon Negro Civil Status. Mrs. Hattie Oliver sang two spirituals; Alfred Shute sang a number; Miss Penford, piano solo. Musical numbers were very good and were very enthusiastically applauded by an appreciative audience. Mr. Pickens was entertained by the Sterling Club at their club house Sunday evening, in a public reception. There he spoke by request about his tour of Europe, speaking at length of his visit to Russia. It is the opinion of Mr. Pickens that Russia is making a success of her government and that, despite rumors to the contrary, the Russian people are kindly disposed and are in the midst of a struggle to establish a true democracy. After expenses were paid there was $125.00 left of the drive. MRS. ROBERT L. BUTTNER PIONEER MINNEAPOLIS CHURCH WORKER, DIES Many were shocked this week to learn of the death of Mrs. Robert L. Buttner, Monday afternoon at 3 o'clock at the Lutheran Deaconess hospital in Minneapolis. Mrs. Buttner's illness was of short duration and came as a surprise to her family and friends. Mrs. Buttner, came to this city 25 years ago from St. Louis, Mo. She and Mr. Buttner who survives her, immediately identified themselves with St. Peter A. M. E. church, and she was active in this congregation up until the time of her demise, being president of the Pastor's Aid Society for the past few years. She was also a member of the Stewardess board of the church, having served in that capacity for five years. The late Mrs. Buttner was born 53 years ago in La Cene, Kansas, and is surived by her husband, Robert L. Buttner, three daughters, Mildred Buttner Winesberry, Katherine Buttner Reed, and Roberta Lois Buttner. The other survivors include Robert Winesberry, a grandson, Mrs. Maude Quinn, of Kansas City, Kansas, a sister, and Marion Gossett of Wichita, Kansas, a brother. The deceased was married in 1895 in St. Louis, Mo., to Mr. Buttner. The family home is at 2313 Fifth Ave. So., Minneapolis, and church circles of our city lose an lent citizen. Funeral arrangets had not been completed as we to press. The S. W. Neal Co., al Directors, will have charge angements. Perc. & Jimmy Hu HIGHEST GRADE PA ENAMELS and Standard Court 8443 — Pho MEAT N Under New M I SPECIALIZE IN PU FANCY MILK FED BRO A. H. KNUTSEN, Prop. 3752 4th Avenue S Phone South 7954 W. Squ Funeral 502 E. 24th Street Phone—Drexel 4768 MEAT MARKET Under New Management I SPECIALIZE IN PURE PORK SAUSAGE FANCY MILK FED BROILERS 38c SATURDAY A. H. KNUTSEN, Prop. Col. 0374 3752 4th Avenue South Minneapolis HENRY RENDAHL Carpenter and Builder "My Methods Will Please You" Your Credit Jeweler MAX A. 13 South Diamonds Laundry Agency Bath in Co When In Vis Drexel Billi 513 W Superior St Soft Drinks MAX A. KOHEN 13 South 5th Street Diamonds - Watches nesota by the 9th Minnesota Regiment and was mustered out with a number of soldiers in 1865. It was not the opportunity for work that brought the early Negro settlers to Minnesota, for work was to be secured, more abundantly, in their native states than in Minnesota. It was the freer atmosphere of the state that attracted them. However, the employment opportunities were not as much restricted then as now. Many Negroes were employed as upper deckmen, waiters, musicians and cooks on the steamboat lines. During those early days all of the barbering in the Twin Cities was done by Negroes. There were also a few Negroes engaged in baking. Religious work soon began. The first open air prayer meeting was held at Fort Snelling. By 1864 the Negro communicants to the Baptist Church had grown so large that a separate colored church was established. And on September 16, 1866, The Pioneer Lodge of Ancient Free and Accepted Masons was organized with 15 members. In 1881 this organization had 59 members. Although numerically small, the Negroes in this early period played a conspicuous political role. In 1867 the first state convention of Negroes was held. John M. Langston, Negro abolitionist, was the central figure of the convention. Some of the prominent local participants were Ralph Grey, J. K. Hilyard, who at that time worked for the Northern Pacific Railway Company; J. Q. Adams, the editor of the first paper published by Negroes in the Twin Cities, and Israel Crosby, who is said to have established a fellowship at the University of Minnesota. This convention was perhaps one of the numerous conventions held by the National Negro Labor Congress. Its purpose was to safeguard the Negro's political rights and civil liberties. In the same year, 1867, that the Negro Congress was held we hear of a Negro suffrage amendment to the state constitution, presumably as a result of the National Negro Congress' agitation. This was the second time the amendment was voted upon and the second time that it was defeated. The following year, 1868, the amendment was again voted upon and adopted. The history of the Negro in the Twin Cities from the time of the distribution of the first colored settlers is one of slow development. In proportion as the Negro population increased work opportunities narrowed. Nevertheless there was some progress. Writing in the New York Globe, November 24, 1883, John H. Hickman, the scribe of this period, recounts the achievements of Negroes in Minneapolis and St. Paul. Hughes Distributors PAINTS, VARNISHES, and BRUSHES Lowest Prices Lines — Locust 6611 MARKET Management FIRE PORK SAUSAGE DILERS 38c SATURDAY Col. 0374 South Minneapolis Established 1905 Fire Neal Directur Minneapolis, Minn. KOHEN 5th Street - Watches Connection Cigars and Cigarettes Duluth Brit Hard Parlors Street (In Basement)