Twin City Star

DESIRES RAINBOW DIVISION TO PARADE AT WASHINGTON UPON ITS RETURN. REPRESENTS ENTIRE NATION Washington, Jan. 24. — Secretary Baker expressed a strong wish that the Forty-second (Rainbow) division, which includes the former First Minnesota field artillery, parade Washington on its return from France as representative of the entire country and the whole fighting army. The Rainbow division is now with the army of occupation in Germany, and a War Department report located it as being at Ahrweller, Germany, on Jan. 2. First Combat Division Coining. Secretary Baker's proposal was coincident with the arranging of plans for a suitable reception for the first combat division to return, which was begun following the announcement that virtually the complete strength of the Twenty-seventh division (New York National Guard) had been assigned for early convoy by General Pershing. If it is found practicable, New York city will be given an opportunity to see the organization on parade at full strength, with its fighting equipment, its recovered wounded and its battle trophies before it is demobilized. Wounded Would Have Part. Mr. Baker announced men of the Twenty-seventh who has already returned, even those who have been mustered out, would be given an opportunity to march with their comrades. The sick and wounded will be carried in ambulances or other motor transport. Secretary Baker reiterated his desire that whenever possible either the full strength or substantial portions of the returning combat divisions parade in large cities in the section from which they came. Suggests Chicago Parade. "For instance," said the secretary, "the Blackhawk (Eighty-sixth division) comes largely from Chicago. I am hoping to be able to work out a plan by which a substantial part of that division can parade in Chicago. This division will go to Camp Grant. One plan being considered is to have the troops sent through the city first, allowed to detrain, parade and then entrain again for the camp, thus breaking the railroad journey." 104,000 AMERICAN WOUNDED IN EUROPE 4,500 Vacant Beds in Hospitals in the United States Are Ready for Their Use. Washington, Jan. 24.—Wounded soldiers remaining in hospitals overseas number approximately 104,000, Colonel W. H. Smith of the Surgeon General's office told the senate committee conducting an inquiry of hospital facilities and construction. Many of these wounded, he said, will not be brought home until they recover. In the hospitals of this country, Colonel Smith said, there are now about 4,500 vacant beds, which can be placed in use as additional wounded and sick are returned. Washington, Jan. 24.—Four thousand and twenty enemy aliens were interred by the United States during the war, the Department of Justice informed the house immigration committee, which is considering a bill authorizing the deportation of these persons. Twenty-two hundred of them were merchant seamen and the remainder resident aliens. The committee later adopted a favorable report, which will be introduced in the house. Pierre, S. D., Jan. 24—The South Dakota legislature asked immediate return of railroads to private ownership. Both the senate and the house adopted a resolution to that effect after considerable debate. ective Page SECRETARY BAKER FAVORS BIG REVIEW Proposal Was Coincident With Arranging Plans for Suitable Reception for First Combat Unit to Come Home. Twenty-two Hundred of Them Were Merchant Seamen and Remainder Resident Allens. House' and Senate Oppose Continuation of Government Control and Operation. THE TWIN CITY STAR. C. W. HARE © RAFE & LIPPIN C. W. Hare, assistant director of munitions during the war, has been made director of sales for the war department. Mr. Hare's assignment now is to get rid of a great deal of material acquired in a great hurry and at large expense during the war. SOME RUSSIANS IN PARIS OPPOSE CONFERENCE. Paris, Jan. 24.—Whether the effort of the great powers to tranquilize Russia was to succeed or fall is still in the balance. No reply has come from the Bolshevik and some data may intermine before anything definite is known. In the meantime prominent anti-Bolshevik leaders in Paris are not clear on their course and first reports that they were favorable to the plan have been followed by statements by such leaders as Sergius Sazonoff that they would not "sit at the table with assassins." The semi-official Temps also asserts that the Supreme Council's proposal "permits traitors who withdrew Russia from the war and turned the entire German strength against France to be received on the same footing as the faithful." The American and British delegates, feel, however, that proposal the only course open. Sergius Sazonoff, a former Russian foreign minister under the old regime, and now representing the government of Yekaterinodar and the Siberian government at Omsk, has declared in a statement that he would not participate in the conference proposed by the supreme council with Bolshevik representatives. COMMJTTEE IS PROBING PRICE OF HARD Senate Body Opens Its Inquiry In Anthracite Fields of Pennsylvania. Pottsville, Pa., Jan. 24,—Investigation of the high cost of anthracite coal and the alleged shortage of that staple was begun here by a sub-committee of the senate committee on manufacturers. Fred M. Chase, general manager of the Lehigh Valley Coal company, owner of approximately 100,000 acres in various sections of the anthracite fields, was the first witness. RESERVE BANKERS TO MEET IN NEW ORLEANS At Least Forty-five Cities Will Be Represented at Convention Opening April 30. New York, Jan. 24. - New Orleans was selected as the city where the Reserve City Bankers' association will hold its annual convention April 30 and May 1 and 2. Banks in 45 cities will be represented, according to assurance given by members from Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Detroit, Dallas, New Orleans, Richmond, Atlanta, Milwaukee and New York. Bill Authorizes President to Organize Standing Army of 500,000 Men. Washington, Jan. 24.—Secretary of War Baker announced that a rider had been sent to congress for attachment to the appropriation bill, which will authorize the president to organize a standing army of 500,000. This is a substitute for the original bill, side-tracked in committee. BOLSHEVIK FORGE QUITS PETROGRAD BOLSHEVIK FORGE QUITS PETROGRAD REPORTED TO BE REMOVING ALL SUPPLIES FROM THE RUSSIAN CAPITAL. Minister of War Trotzky is Said to Have Ordered That City Be Surrendered Without a Fight if Attacked. Archangel, Jan. 24.—The Bolshevik are continuing their shelling of the American position at Ust Padenga, 30 miles south of Shenkury, and the American artillery is replying to the enemy fire. Peasants say that the Bolshevik suffered 500 casualties in the infantry attack on Jan. 1, leaving many wounded who froze to death in the forest. The American casualties in the fighting were less than 50 all told. Copenhagen, Jan. 24.—The Bolshevik forces are evacuating Petrograd and removing all stores, according to a dispatch to the Berlinische Tidende, from Helsingforns. The dispatch adds that Leon Trotzky, the Bolshevik minister of war, is transferring his headquarters to Nizhnii-Novgorod and that the anti-Bolshevik movement is growing daily. Trotzky issues "No Fight!" Order, London, Jan, 24—Leon Trotzky, Russian minister of war, has ordered Zinovieff, Bolshevik governor of Petrograd, to surrender that city without a fight if it is attacked by the Northern Russian forces, according to an Exchange Telegraph dispatch from Copenhagen. In Northern Russia, the dispatch sides, the Bolshevik forces, have been defeated and a large part of them have surrendered. In addition, a great number of peasants are reported in revolt in various parts of Bolshevik Russia. Soviet Success Reported. London, Jan. 24—Unconfirmed reports have been received here that the Bolshevik have captured Orenburg, capital of the province of that name, on the Ural river, about 250 miles north of the Black sea. If the report proves true, the difficulty of the Russian Siberian army getting into touch with General Denkine's force is increased. The capture of Orenburg also would constitute a threat to the small British force in Trans-Caucasia. RETURN OF SOLDIERS IN RUSSIA DEMANDED California Senator Contrasts Peace Congress Statement and Reports of Battles. Washington, Jan. 24.—Senator Johnson of California, in a statement on the peace conference's Russian agreement, declared that it gave no information regarding the return of American troops from Russia, while press dispatches told of fighting between the Americans and Russians. Senator Johnson said: "My concern is for American boys drafted for war with Germany and after, the conclusion of the war with Germany, sent to war with Russia. I want these American boys brought home at once." ONE OUT OF EACH 500 LOST AN ARM About Three Thousand Men of American Combat Force Are So Maimed. Washington, Jan. 24.—One soldier out of every 500 who fought with the American army overseas lost an arm or a leg. Lieutenant Colonel Strong, of the army medical corps, told the house military affairs committee that 3,000 of the total combat force of 1,500,000 men were so maimed, and that 1,100 had been returned home and were being fitted with artificial limbs in military hospitals. An appropriation of $7,000,000 to purchase artificial limbs as well as serums and vaccines, was asked for by the medical corps. In Employee Securing Forty- Four Hour Week. New York, Jan. 24.—Ending of the three months strike of 55,000 garment workers engaged in making men's and boys' clothing and the granting of a 44-hour week was announced at the headquarters of the Amalgamated Gar- ment Workers of America. FIRST DORLEEN BROWN Photo by Western Newspaper Union Lady Doreen Brown, daughter of Lord and Lady Silgo, who is to marry Major the Honorable Michael Knatchbull Hugessen, only son and heir of Lord Bourbourne. The major will inherit after his father the anointed baronetcy and ancestral estates of the septuagenarian and childless chief of his family, Sir Wyndham Knatchbull, which has been in the possession of the family since the reign of Henry VII. SOVIETS FORMING IN THE INDUS. TRIAL CENTERS. Fulda, for Bolshevik Propaganda Work Are Said to Have Come From Russia. Washington, Jan. 24.—Testifying before the senate committee investigating German propaganda, Archibald Stevenson of the military intelligence bureau said that representatives of the Bolshevik movement already have organized soviets in the industrial centers of this country and their plans contemplate eventual seizure of the government. Mr. Stevenson said also that evidence exists that Germans in the United States have begun a post-war propaganda with a view to exerting an influence which would make the peace terms imposed on Germany less onerous. He called the committee's attention to a recent editorial in the New York Staats Zeitung, which he said endeavored to convey the idea that American soldiers overseas had come to regard the Germans in a light other than that of enemies. Leaders of the Bolshevik movement in this country, Mr. Stevenson testified, included John Reed, he said, was the consul general at New York of the Russian soviet government, and Albert Rhys Williams of New York. Schools for the teaching of the Bolshevik doctrine to children have been established by the local organizations, the witness said, and lectures sent out. He told the committee that Hutchins Hapgood of New York, was one of the lecturers and Leonard D. Abbott was head of the school for the teaching of radicalism. Money for the Bolshevik propaganda work, Mr. Stevenson asserted, was sent from Russia. RUSSIANS IN PARIS LIKE CONFERENCE PLAN Decide to Urge Upon Slav Government Acceptance of Peace Council Proposal. Paris, Jan. 24.—The representatives of the various Russian governments now in Paris met with Sergium Sazonoff, the former Russian minister of foreign affairs and now foreign minister of the Omsk government, to discuss the decision of the supreme council here to send a commission to Princes islands to meet the representatives of the various Russian elements. The Russian representatives decided to urge their friends in Russia to support the movement for the proposed conference. Red Cross Mission Head Dead. New York, Jan. 24.—Dr. John H. Lowman of Cleveland, who headed the first American Red Cross tuberculosis mission to Italy, died at the New York hospital here. French Women Demand Votes. Paris, Jan. 24.—The French League of Rights for Women has sent to the French parliament a proclamation demanding French women be given the franchise Dead LEAGUE OF NATIONS UNDER DISCUSSION LEAGUE OF NATIONS UNDER DISCUSSION SUPREME COUNCIL OF PEACE CONGRESS TAKES UP MOMEN- TOUS QUESTION. ENVOYS SCAN BRITISH PLAN Proposal Coming From Premier Lloyd George Is First One to Receive Attention from the Allied Delegates. Paris, Jan. 24.—The supreme council of the peace congress has turned to the establishment of a League of Nations. This question promises to command virtually the undivided attention of the delegates until their action regarding Russia shows results. As the Russian delegates are expected at Princes' islands until Feb. 15, this means that the attention of the congress will be turned to the League of Nations until President Wilson's departure for America. The supreme council unanimously adopted a proposition brought forward by President Wilson asking all the Russian factions, including the bolshevists, to meet the Allied and associated governments at Princes' islands in the Sea of Marmora, Feb. 15, the contending factions meantime declaring a truce and suspending all military operations. General John J. Pershing, the American commander-in-chief, has been called to Paris. It is expected he will be the American military member or the joint commission. Consider British Plan First. It is regarded as quite significant that the first plan for a League of Nations to be considered comes from Premier Lloyd George. This is in consonance with what has been known in a small circle that President Wilson plans to have European Union come to Zion the congress in advance of his own. American officials explain that Mr. Wilson's purpose is not only out of deference to European nations which have sacrificed so much in the war or out of deference to views of European statesmen but that there is a technical advantage in reserving American plans until all others have been fully discussed, that they may form a bridge by which disagreements may be dispelled. Wilson Wants Best Plan. Mr. Wilson has told his colleagues that he has no personal pride of authorship in the plan for the league and is quite ready to place himself in a position of supporting some other nation's plan rather than his own if he feels that procedure will best serve the common purpose. American Food Administrator Denies He Has Favored Packing Paris, Jan. 24.—Herbert C. Hoover, United States food administrator, made a statement in reply to criticism of him in the United States senate. "$ apparently emerge in a new light as the friend of the Chicago packers," said Mr. Hoover. "At the same time the mail brings - report from Swift & Co. blaming the food administration for reducing their profits by $10,000,000 during the last year. I do not imagine the packers would appreciate a wide circle of such friends." Shipbuilders, Owners, Operators and Employers, Owners, Operators and Employees at Wash- ington. Washington, Jan. 24.—Resolutions creating an organization to be known as the National American Merchant Marine association were adopted at the closing session of a general conference of shipbuilders, owners, operators and employees. B. Goodwyn Rhett of Charleston, S.C., was elected vice president of the new organization and Winthrop L. Marvin of Boston, secretary. Other officers will be named after further conference. STUDENTS PRESENT • PRESIDENT WITH ALBUM Book Sound In Old Parchment Contains Photos of Rheims Cathedral Before the War Paris, Jan. 24.—President Wilson received a deputation of the students of the Sarbonne, or the departments of arts and science of the University of Paris. They presented him with an album bound in old parchment and containing photographs of the Rheims cathedral before the war. HOOVER REPLIES TO AMERICAN MERCHANT STUDENTS PRESENT SENATE STAGES WARM DEBATE ACCUSATIONS AGAINST H. C. HOOVER ARE TAKEN UP. Washington, Jan. 24.—Defense of Herbert Hoover on the charge of plotting to protect American packing interests plunged the senate into angry debate on the $100,000,000 famine fund bill. Laying before the senate Mr. Hoover's denial of improper collaboration with the packers, Senator G. M. Hitchcock, Nebraska, summed up the case in Hoover's behalf thus: Hoover, at President Wilson's direction, did get packers and live stock producers together to stimulate hog production. He did make arrangements with the Allied governments to take packers' products. Over the objections of Allied governments, notably Great Britain, Hoover had stuck and is sticking by his word to American hog raisers and packers, which was that, if they would stimulate production, there would be a European market for the product. Replying to Senator W. E. Borah's charge that packers were enabled to make inordinate profits because of the system Mr. Hoover built up as food administrator, Senator Hitchcock declared the profits would have been much greater had not Hoover been in charge. SENATE ACTS ON SUFFRAGE Minnesota Solons Pass Memorial Resolution to Congress. St. Paul, Jan. 24.—The Minnesota senate, by a vote of 49 to 7, passed the house resolution memorializing the United States senate to pass the suffrage amendment to the federal constitution. The house had passed the resolution and the Warner bill for the submission in 1920 of a suffrage amendment to the state constitution THE WEATHER. Cloudy today and tomorrow; warmer in east and south portions today; colder tomorrow. DAILY MARKET REPORT Minneapolis Grain. Minneapolis, Jan. 24—Oats; February, 64% c; May, 64% c; Rye; February, 1.58% c; May, 1.53% c; Barley, choice, 88@92c. Corn; No. 3 white, $1.27@1.30; No. 3 yellow, $1.34@1.36. Duluth Flax. Duluth, Jan. 24—Flaxseed; January, $3.39; February, $3.38; May, $3.41. Chicago Grain. Chicago, Jan. 24—Corn; January, $1.36; February, $1.33; May, $1.27% c. Oats; January, 65% c; February, 66% c; May, 67% c. South St. Paul Live Stock. South St. Paul, Jan. 24—Estimated receipts, at the Union Stock Yards; Cattle, 6,000; calves, 1,400; hogs, 18,500; sheep, 800; horses, none; cars, 437. Steers, $7.00@15.25; cows, $7.75@10.00; calves, $9.25@14.25; hogs, $16.90@17.00; sheep and lambs, $7.00@15.25. Chicago Live Stock. Chicago, Jan. 24—(United States Bureau of Markets).—Hogs: Receipts, 39,000; butchers, $17.55@17.85; light, $16.75@17.60; packing, $16.50@17.35; throwouts, $16.00@16.50; pigs, good to choice, $12.75@15.00. Cattle—Receipts, 8,000; beef cattle, good, choice and prime, $16.40@20.00; common and medium, $9.75@16.40; day butcher stock, cows and heifers, $7.50@14.50; canners and cutters, $6.85@7.50; stockers and feeders, good, choice and fancy, $10.75@14.25; inferior, common and medium, $8.00@10.75; veal calves, good and choice, $15.00@15.50. Butter, Eggs and Poultry. Minneapolis, Jan. 24.—Butter—Extras, 59c; extra firsts, 56c; firsts, 56c; seconds, 54c; dairies, 48c; packing stock, 40c. Eggs—Fresh prime firsts, new cases, free from rots, small, dirties and checks out, per dozen, 55c; current receipts, rots out, $15.60; checks and seconds, dozen, 38c; dirties, candled, dozen, 38c; quotations on eggs include cases. Live Poultry—Turkeys, fat, 10 lbs. and over, 25c; thin, small, cripples and culls, unsalable, roosters, 17c; ducks, 23c; geese, lb, 18c; heens, 4 lbs. and over, 22c; heens, under 4 lbs, 17c; springs, 21c; springs, staggy, 18c; guineas, young, doz., $5; guineas, old, doz., $5. New York Butter and Eggs. New York, Jan. 24.—Butter unsettled, 11,418; creamy, higher than extras, 58%@59c; creamy extras, 57%@83c; firsts, 55%@57c; packing stock, current make, No. 2, 41%@42c. Eggs—Weak, 6,157; fresh gathered extras, 68%@83c; fresh gathered regular packed extra firsts, 61%@62%c; de firsts, 60%@63c. Sa EEN ONS eK en hee Pa eyes es . . ieee - ee Martek , \ t i | : we eee yh Mr eee ee fHE TWIN CITY STAR > PUBLSHED EVERY FRIDAY BY CHARLES SUMNER SMITH, Minneapolts, Minnesota. Matered in the Post Office st Min- neapolis as second class matter. | MEMBER NATIONAL®NEGRO PRESS ASSOCIATION ; Me Sg Subscription by Mail, Postpaid. ONE YEAR ........eceseee ee 218200 SIX MONTHS gis THREE MONTHS ............ 6 ADVERTISING RATES. One Inch—1 Insertion—One Dollar Liberal discount given on 3, 6, 9, Months, or 1 year contracts. We do not mn free ads, or over-rus the time contracted for by our a% vertisers We respect their right t advertise at intervals, and rather hav them do so, than to run continuously an “adv.” and an increasing account. Write all Checks payable to THE TWIN CITY STAR 1817 North Sixth Ave. MiNNEAPOLIS - - MINNESOTA Call at 1317 6th Ave. N. on Wednes ay to insure matter for publication The Star's Phone, Hyland 1205. Send your subscription. Our prices have not changed because of the war. Let your dollar do its duty and The Star will reach a higher standard o! service and better circulation. Let us not draw the color line, Reciprocity betwven the races will be the salvation of the Negro. ‘We do not expect that a Negro will sit at the peace table. He could not, unless delegated such a privilege by President Wilson, and that is improb- able. However, a good lobby of intel. ligent Negroes would do much by way of mediation by their presence and work, Nowadays love prefers a car to a cottage. Some person's idea of writing is to ‘ese big words, What is the remedy for high-priced butter? Only one: More cows. “fa the reat big pinocble game Ger many melded a fancy lot of kings. German efficiency 1s not conspicu ‘ous tn the effort to set up a stable government. Judging by reports from abroad the soldier's query now Is “When do we go from here?” ‘The formalities of return visits ‘among nations promise years of joy- ous anticipation. ‘We shall remember 1918 as the year in which tradition and precedent were measured for thelr shrouds, ‘We can't expect our wheat to take treatment for smut and other ailments without it costing us more, Fortunately the cost of marriage Mcenses has not advanced. It's the ‘upkeep, however, that hurts, Perhaps the Germans planted s0 many mines it was impossible to re- ‘meqaber where all of them were. ‘Phe boys who are returning are more anxious to find the girl they left behind them’ than the old job. ‘What a quiet old world this would be if nobody spoke except those who knew what they were talking about. Now that the war is over you may take the old-time cliances of swallow- ing a prune pit without being unpe- triottc, \ Lifting of many wartime restric. tions merely means that the dealers ‘and not the government will fix the ‘prices. Doubtless the old reliable water ‘wagon will soon be given place among tthe relics that have outlived their use- fulness, ‘ It is to be hoped that the boys re- + | turning from “over there” will bring beck all their ability to fight—for geod government. Many 2 man feels that with his brains, if he could only look half as well as the man in the collar ade, the could win an heiress. , ‘What body of men is better fitted to @iecuss reconstruction problems than the lumber dealers unless tt be the car- i penters and the brick masons? Loyd George cannot refrain from Attaching importance to the fact that &@ large British navy proved excead ‘andy in an emergency. | a = 4s it that many of the persons \ Who want their nows in a paper, never wubocrive for itt Bak ¢) bai) mee 1 1 1 int WOMAN DELEGATE TO PEACE CONFERENCE ‘To Represent Afro-American Women. Miss Hallie Q. Brown of Wilber. foree University has been appointed by the president of the N. A. C. W. Mrs. Mary B. Talbert, as one to rep: resent the women of our race at the peace conference. This appointment is particularly agreeable to the wom: en of the country, holding in remem: brance as they do her splendid achievements in the past whenever sent to Europe on a special mission Her experiences of this kind, include several visits to Great Britain in in terests of Christian and educational work, So successful was she in mak ing friendship with the best womer of England that once during her rest dence there she was sent as Speaker by Lady Henry Somerset to the Grindelwald conference in Switzer land. She appeared before Queen Vic toria in 1899, at which time she was representing the Colored women of the United States at the Internationa Congress of Women, held in London All are familiar with her latest Euro pean success—in bringing to Wilber force University $15,000, for the eroc tion of the new dormitory for girls Emery hall. With this splendid rec ord of service and experience abroad Miss Brown puts herself at our dis- posal to represent the Colored womer of America at the Peace Conference You are requested to give this mat ter publicity and all Women’s Club: are hereby requested to send contri butions to defray the expense of .the trip. JAP PUTS LEAGUE QUERY. Asks Why Country Should Join Na tions That Exclude Its Citizens. London, Jan. 5.—Dean Inge of St, Paul’s Cathedral, speaking at a meet ing here of the British-Italian League Fecounted a conversation he had the other day with an intelligent Japanese about'the League of Nations. The Japanese asked the Dean if he thought the league would succeed. “I don't know,” the latter replied, “but T think we should try it.” “Then,” Dean Inge went on to re. late, he safd:' ‘We Japanese consid er that we are a highly civilized na tion, yet if we want to go out as colonists to the United States or Aug tralia we are prevented from doing sc by laws. I want to ask whether i we consent to disarm and join 2 League of Nations these disabilities will be removed or not?’ “I was obliged to say, ‘I am afraid not. That is a working man's ques. tion, and as long as the Japanese workman gives better value for his ‘wages than the European or Ameri can or Australian workman, they will shrink from, no. violence to keep. you To that the Japanese..replied, ‘Well, then, why should we disarm ‘and join a League of Nations?” “That,” commented the speaker, “Is Just one of the difficulties which beset us, There are 8 good many support ers of the League of Nations who are by no means lovers of peace at heart ‘They only want another kind of war thaa that through which the world Dean Inge said the League of Na tions was a remarkable instance of 2 Utopian dream which apparently was about to. teatertalics. Senator F, B. Kellogg made a public statement agajnst the Japanese immi Brants at the ciosing of last presi dential campaign in the auditorum ir this city. ‘The fear of a yellow perll— “a storm from the dark clouds of the Orient,” by our representatives, is as surance that there will be no real de mocracy for the darker races in Amer fea until after a war between the white and darker races. THE BETRAYAL OF A RACE. In every generation and among all Faces of people, high and low, rich and Poor, you will find traitors and con- spirators. Caesar had his Brutus and Charles I his Cromwell. Hamlet had his uncle and Macbeth his wife. But who are the traitors and conspirators among colored Americans? The mo- ment @ colored man {s picked out by a white man, and in some instances by his own people, it is not long be- fore he begins to conspire against his people and join or lead an army of con- spirators. ‘The time has come for the black man to choose his own leaders ‘and deputize them to lead him in deed and in fact. ‘The present war should be a lesson to the colored Americans, They should stop and think and decide whether it 1s wise for men who have been picked by white men to lead or represent them. Is the race being betrayed by conspirators’—The Washington (D. C.) Bee. WHICH FORUM? Now that St, Paul bas a Sunday Forum, it is well to remind our read- ers that The Forums are separate and distinct organizations, and are known as The Minneapolis Sunday Forum and ‘The St. Paul Forum. They are pro- gressive and stand for the social and civic advancement of our people, and ‘are worthy of the attendance of those interested in race welfare. Some people think an editor should know about their business without being told and it should appear in the paper. The editor knows the things, you do not want tn the paper. It you have something you want published— send it in. The other will Mud its way. ADVERTISE IN THE STAR THE TWIN CITY STAR, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. HENRY ALLEN BOYD RESPONDS AT ROOSEVELT MEMORIAL FLASHLIGHT Secretary of the Sunday Schoo! Con-| Some men have no as Gress and Corresponding Secretary | ‘eY can't use, of the National Negro Press Assocl- = ation Speaks Before National Re-| | The trouble with a pa publican Committee for * 13,000,000 | 8 nearly always present, Negroes. SU a Sy ae Chicago, Ill, Jan. 10.—With a sign ot deep emotion caused by the occa- sion, Rev. Henry Allen Boyd, the sec retary of the Sunday School Congress and the corresponding secretary of the national Negro Press Association, de Hivered an able address in the Na tional Republican committee, here today, which was in session at the Congress hotel. It was a Roosevelt ‘memorial meeting. There were rep- ‘Tesentatives from various states in the Union, and among the speakers were the goversor of Rhode Island, the governor of Iowa, and the governor of Wisconsin. Rev, Mr. Boyd was the only Negro speaker at the memorial meeting. He paid glowing tributes to the deceased. Tn fact, he said in part: “Mr. Chair man, on behalf of thirteen millions of loyal American ‘citizens who have been true to every star and every stripe in Old Glory that floats above us, I wish to add our testimony to what has already been said about the late Colonel Theodore Roosevelt. While the Negroes did not agree with all his policies, they held him as an ideal man F Amerieanism. “They revored him for the splendid stand he took on all questions of public inter: est. He did not discriminate against race, color or previous condition of servitude. To us he was one of the noblest Romans of them all. He was oa the brightest stars in the hor zon, hotwithstanding it has gone down beyond the Golden West, it is only for a time. We believe his work will live and that the Republican party wil take on new life and inspiration. by the examples set. He was a man, as we knew him, who did not want the door of hope closed in the face of any American citizen. The Negro Press Association of the United States, which I also represent, wishes to pay its respect. Our 1,607,000 weekly cir culation has already told the story of the fallen hero.” JAPANESE STATESMAN PREDICTS WAR ON RACE PREJUDICE Former Nippon Minister of Justice De: clares Progressive Dusky Races of World Will Not Forever Stand for Discrimination. Tokio, Nov. 20.—(Correspondence of the Associated Press).—Bellef that the next war will be the outcome or race Prejudices is expressed by Yuklo Ozaki, formerly Minister. of . Justice, ‘and a leading member of the Constitu- tional party. Mr. Ozaki said that, in his opinion, the colored races which steadily were developing their civili- zation would demand finally the same treatment as the white races, and that the regult would be an armed collision. ‘Mr. Ozaki recommended that at the Peace conference Japan, acting on be- halt of all the Asiatic races, should introduce the racial and population questions for consideration, and if pos- sible, secure a solution. In a country lke Japan, where the Population is increasing with alarm- ing rapidity, he said, {t was but natur- al that the surplus population should try to obtain an outlet even by resort- ing to arms. From Japan's standpoint, aid’ Mr. Ozaki, the racial or popula- tion questions were more important than President Wilson's “fourteen points” as laid down for a basis of Germany's surrender. These racial questions, he said, concerned the fu- ture of millions of souls in Asia. ‘Mr. Ozaki warned ‘the Japanese not to develop the German system of state organization, which in the present war had proved to be a mere machine for destroying civilization and for tramp- ling under foot the rights of other na- tions and peoples. ‘On the question of Japan's occupa. tion of the German South Sea Islands, ‘Mr. Ozaki declared that the United States should dismantle her forts in the Philippines and Hawaii, and that this would be more important for Japan than the taking over of the South Sea Islands, We have never known two injus tices to make anything right. The Saturday News has prospered by be- ing ag just to the white man as it has ever been to the Negro. We have never gone off half-cocked upon any Proposition. Whehever we grope, we are in search of the truth. We want to be right and avold as nearly as possible being wrong. We are not for the Negro right or wrong. We want him to be right. We complain because a majority of white people will always side‘ with a white man when a question arises between him and one of our color; still certain col- ‘ored newspapers, without making any investigation whatsoever as to the evidence, would have the entire Ne- gro race do identically what they con- demn the white people for doing. Be cause the white people do wrong is Bo reason why the Negroes should do wrong, The best preparedness to Teceive justice is to be just yourself. Hopkinsville (Ky.) News. Serving intoxicants to persons in the uniform of the U. 8. Army is a crime. The boys who accept are subject to court martial. Any civilian should re- port the improper conduct of a soldier to the military authorities. A warning should be sufficient, SEND IN YOUR NEWS FLASHLIGHTS Some men bave no use for a man they can't use. ‘The trouble with a past is that tt to nearly always present. Nobody has ever succeeded tn make ing good crutches for a lame excuse. ‘The poorest way tn the world to go anywhere Is.at the other fellow’s ex: pense. ‘The reason some fellows have to do double duty ts because the other fel- low shirks iia, ‘The war will end some day, but so long as the kaiser lives be will ever know a minute's peace. A good-looking woman may know that she ts good looking, but’ she ‘mustn't let on that she knows it, fa We don’t believe tn kicking a man when he is down; nelther do we be- ‘eve in ever letting the Prussian get ‘Up again. You can always tell how little 4 woman thinks of her husband's peo- ple by the way she brags about her ‘own ancestors, We may not be able to do a great deal towards improving the world, but ‘we can keep our own front yard look- tng as though regular people ‘occupied the house. We think we bate the kaiser but our feelings towarJs bim will be as nothing compared to the hatred the German people will have for him when they wake up and discover all he bas done to them. ‘ ‘Women are not altogether unreason- able. We've noticed when oply a fat man, to whom stooping is difficult, 1s about they don’t drop thelr gloves nor thelr handkerchiefs aearly as often as they do when some slender chap is near to do the gallant thing. QUIET THOUGHTS Faith and hope may dle but charity ts immortal. ‘The more a wise man thinks, the less he is apt to talk. Poetical genius ts often but an um common degree of imagination. If you are unable to hold your tem- per get a strorig man to hold you Says a rural editor: “Money ts close—but not quite close enough for we te wench tt re ai An artist's wife never admires his work so much as when he is drawing check for her. Good resqlutions and Iadies who faint in crowded street cars should al- ways be carried out. ‘Women were made a little in ad- vance of mirrors, and have managed to keep ‘in front of them ever since. ‘There are times when a man er- presses the same idea by wageing his head that a dog does by, wagging his tam to ee ane £ ‘ COTTON ENDS | _ A emchine gun in operation} will use up a bale in three months, A 12:nch gun disposes of halfia bale ‘of cotton with every shot fired. It takes over 20,000 bales a year to provide absorbent cotton to ‘stanch and bind the wounds of the injured. In a naval battle, lke the one off atland, from 5,000 to 6,000 pounds a minute are consumed, by each active warship. ' One change of apparel for all the troops now engaged In the war repre ents more than 1,000,000 bales of cot- ‘ton.—Tit-Bits, | / IN OTHER CITIES | Milwaukee is plaming to rename may. strepta. Boston 18 urgedto\use wood fuel as late as possible, | Chicago hotels are) replacing men waiters with girl, | | Atlanta has a training) school fou girl railway workers, | Philadelphia: will éiscontinue paying ealaries of city ‘employees in war eae / } Fe Chicago ‘man ' has been arrested, charged with having six wives ¢o0- currently. é RST y SAGE OBSERVATIONS Men tall: shop fand wonien talk shop- vine. ape People who alpcoupllsh' most ‘ake the least :noise. E ‘Those who dbn't pay thelr money often take thelr :chotee. A man isn’t n eceasarily' thin because you canece through him. F Tt may be eapier to coax a woman than it 1é/ to drive her, and it's safer, NLA. A.C. P. HEAD ASKS INTERNATIONALIZATION OF AFRICA Convention of Negroes of the World to Meet in Paris, During Peace Conference Interested Primarily in Democracy Here. DU BOIS GIVES MEMORANDUM TO‘COL. HOUSE ) New York, Dec. 16.—A memorandum pleading for the privilege of self- determination of te ‘Negroes in Portuguese and Belgian Colonies in Africa, and proposing a convention representing the Negroes of the World to meet at Paris, France, sometime during the sessions of the Peace Conference, was teat by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People lay. ‘The memorandum was submitted by Dr. W. E. B. DuBois to Colonel E. M. House, white, one of the United States Peace Commissioners in Paris with President Wilson, as his confidential adviser, Africa Should Be Free. Africa should be liberated, says Dr. DuBois, and ‘proposes the formation of a governing international commission that would represent the independent African republics. Barter of colonies without regard to the wishes of welfare of the inhab- itants has been a constant source of friction, Dr. DuBois contends in opeing his memorandum. Therefore, he argues, if the aims of the war are to be realized, it is necessary that the duly expressed opinion of civilized Negroes throughout the world be taken into consideration im determining the status of the African colonies. i Qualified Interests Named. ‘The public opinion, which should have the decisive voice in the disposition ‘of the former German colonies, Dr. DuBols enumerates as composed of: ‘The chiefs and intelligent Negroes among the 12,500,000 natives in Ger- ‘man Africa, the 12,000,000 civilized Negroes of the United States, educated persons of Negro descent in South America and the West Indies, the inde- pendent Negro Governments of Abyssinia, Liberia and Hayti and the educated ‘Negroes of France, West Africa and Equatorial Africa, British Uganda, Nige- ia, Basutoland and the 4,500,000 members of the Union of Africa. Dr. DuBois demands the utmost liberality im the treatment of the natives, their manner of living and their general customs in the Government of this ‘African democracy. He advocates the modernization of Africa through the gchools and the use of properly trained colored officials in local self-govern- ment. He recommends the socialization of income and the application of the newer ideals of industrial democracy. Appeals Against Prejudice. In conclusion, Dr. DuBois appeals for the casting aside of the old prejudice against the Negro, and pleads for a redeemed Africa that will aid in the edemption in the public mind of Negroes all over the world. ‘The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, in indorsing the stand of Dr. DuBois, issued a statement yesterday, in which it ‘emphasized the fact that the association stodd for the liberation of the Negro here as well as in Africa. _ James Weldon Johnson, field secretary of the association, in discussing te ee alk tas. aaneelgtion interested in Ne _Afte ‘association is rested in assuring the Negro ware ike rattsat Dt aad rsdonbinie treedoiie that trosdom to Which Overy ‘American citizen is $ntitled. We are interested in the African democracy, ‘because that, too, means the liberation of the Negroes amd the elevation: of the Negro in the public mind.” > BEN MARIENHOFF us For 28 Years at 318 Hennepin Avenue. _ : Tailor to Men “== IMPORTED AND DOMESTIC WOOLENS woics vay AT POPULAR PRICES } 4 Your Patronage Desired, MINNESOTA MEAT CO. Wholesale and Retail Makers of Home Made Sausages of All Kinds. 40 Sq Third St. at aoe ayn! 409 Nicollet Avenue el ¢ Safes rs | (ror eon mw evnad % ORSET: ‘ { Will give you lithe, uncorseted grace and constant comfort, yet moukd &° your figure, to the present fashion. \They are fitted to your meagure in your own home by a trained corset- jlere—the Spirella way. A telephone call or post-card will bring.an expert to your home to explain the Spirella , service and boning in detail. i Spiel \. ping, Coeeae then \ or ie. MUSICAL CONCERT AND BALL a‘ by the SIXTEENTH BATTALION BAND Monday Evening, Feb. 10, 1919 CONCERT AT 8:30 P. M. Children under 10 years of age, escorted by their parents, admitted free. The famous Sixteenth Battalion Orchestra will furnish Music for Dancing. ARCADIA DANCING ACADEMY Fifth St., Opposite the Courthouse, Minneapolis. GRAND MARCH AT 10:30 P. M. Admission, 50 Cents ‘A SPECIAL NOTICE, ‘We need every cent due us to keep up this publication. The Star asks no charity. If you want to help a paper for your race, get us a sub- ‘scriber. \ a oS As De ee — T eo cert ba ’ ee. i eee t. | LIEUT. W. H. HOWARD, handchueter, There is an urgent need of social centers for our young men and young women. Efforts should be made to establish a desirable place for the so- cial accommodations of our young + ee ee wa ait if once a IMPORTANT NOTICE Unless notes are written plainly and properly arranged they will not be inserted. Many people send in notes regardless of names, initials or composition. Arrangement by the publisher will be charged for. Free notices must be correctly written. The Star office, 1317 Sixth avenue north, Minneapolis, is where you should call for interviews and bring your advertisements, complaints, news, etc. The editor will not take notice of business transacted over phone. Call at the Star office every Tuesday. RED CROSS NOTES The Jenny E. Watson Unit was organized Oct. 8, 1917, at the residence of Mrs. V. G. Smith. The ladies, since organizing, have worked faithfully on hospital and refuge garments, under the direction of their chairman, Mrs. William Helm. We have made 640 garments and gave 75 articles in the red shower for the Minneapolis Red Cross Chapter. Mrs. V. G. Smith gave the use of her home for meetings and Mrs. Charles Robinson and Mr. J. M. Morris the use of machines. This division is composed of the following members: Mesdames V. G. Smith, I. L. Britton, H. Bolden, H. Richardson, C. Robinson, J. Bryan, J. Eddings, Z. Johnson, L. Oliver, C. Mason, C. Chavis, J. Monroe, N. Boswell, H. Williams, W. Helm, Chairman, and T. Carroll, Secretary. Rev. V. S. Cooper of Zion Baptist church, will address the Minneapolis Sunday Forum, at St. Peter, A. M. E. church, on Feb. 1st, on "Race Advancement." Atty. W. T. Francis returned Sunday from an eastern trip to Philadelphia. Edward H. Morris was served an injunction restraining the S. M. C. of Odd Fellows from expelling the officers elected at the last regular B. M. C. The case will be heard in court. Mr. Grant Thompson died at the City Hospital on Jan. 22nd, from influenza. He leaves a brother, Bert Thompson, a mother, a wife and three children. Funeral services were held at Lawrence's chapel. Mr. Fred Fannon has moved into his new residence at 4300 Minnehaha Ave., which is valued at $10,000. News reached us last week of the death of (Kid) Masten, who resided for many years in this city. He was the husband of Mrs. Maggie Martin and brother of Mrs. Dorothy Waters. He died in Seattle and his remains were taken to his home in Cresson, Ia., accompanied by his wife. YOUNG MEN ACCUSED OF CRIME. Eddie Pryor and Wesley Cheatham were arrested last week for holding up the grocery store at 10th Ave, and 5th St. So. They are the sons of respectable parents. It is rumored that they have confessed to the charge. Pryor was in trouble before for holding up persons and was sent to the Reformatory, and is now on parole. Several other thefts are credited to him and his gang. It is claimed that persons have identified several of the articles found in his room. Pryor and Cheatham are held in jail under $6,000 bonds awaiting trial for burglary. Calvin Lewis was taken to the city Hospital this week. He has been in bad health since he was discharged from Camp Grant last summer. His condition is serious. J. A. Witthers, the expressman, has recovered from an attack of the "flu" and is again able to attend to his business. He has moved to 615 Fremont Ave. No. Tel. Hy. 4712. The sale of intoxicants in the social clubs has been stopped by the police authorities. Better business for the buffet flats. Earl D. Stewart is arranging to purchase the Stewart Hotel, owned by his father, J. Ed. Stewart. FORUM PRESIDENT'S ADVISORY BOARD. Dr. R. S. Brown, the president of the Minneapolis Sunday Forum, has selected as his Advisory Board: Mrs. Jone E. Gibbs, Mrs. M. O. Cannon, Solomon Saunders, Ralph Watson and W. M. Smith. PUBLIC STENOGRAPHER. Mrs. J. A. Sutton, formerly Miss Alice Vassar, is employed as stenographer in the office of Atty. B. S. Smith, 702 Sykes block, and offers her service as a public stenographer. Sutton was for many years in the office of Atty. F. L. McGhee, of St. Paul. EVERY DAY is BARGAIN DAY at the ROOT & HAGEMAN STORE, 407 Nicollet Ave. Do not waste your time making promises to our agents. Send your money by Express or Post Office Order or in cash or postage stamps. Read the Negro Papers. RELIEVED FROM DUTIES. Capt. Chas. Sumner Smith was relieved from duties by order of the Adjutant General on Jan. 18th. Capt. Smith was formerly commanding officer of Co. D. 16th Battalion, M. H. G. He was promoted Aug. 15th, 1918, to Publicity and Intelligence Officer on Battalion Staff. Capt. W. R. Morris who succeeded him, brought charges against him. Dec. 17, 1918, for the return of $26.03 expenditures for organization, which were not authorized by the company. Capt. Smith refused to replace the amount and an investigation is being made. He claims that Capt. Morris is making a personal issue and it is purely military blackmail. Capt. Smith will not compromise and is entirely indifferent as to the outcome. It is regrettable that one who has taken the initiative and borne the burden of organizing the companies and band, has to suffer annoyance by another like Capt. Morris, who has never done anything to reflect credit on the Home Guard, or spent a dime for its support. He received a commission on his political prestige and was assigned to a Company, which has dwindled to a Squad under his popularity and extraordinary intelligence. Capt. Morris has been a consistent opponent to Chas. Sumner Smith. He has lost his former prestige among the intelligent Negroes, and tries to maintain his supposed popularity and former position by his ignorant following and personal white friends. We are reminded that Mrs. Noah Stone, Superior of Alpha Chapter, Red Cross, resigned when there were rumors that money collected for the chapter had not been reported. It is well that an investigation clear up these accusations for the benefit of all concerned. If the charges against Capt. Smith be proven, he should be severely dealt with. Now that many organizations have been financially benefited by entertainments for "the boys who have returned from camp," it is about time that an appreciation of their service was given them. They have been grossly neglected. Rev. M. W. Withers has started a church of 20 members in Fergus Falls, Minn., and Rev. D. E. Beasley was to help him "organize." Strange bed-fellows. Rev. Beasley was exposing Rev. Withers a short while ago, and now they are in perfect harmony. There is a reason. Fergus Falls is a rich field for charitable collections and, although Rev. Beasley and Editor (Rev.) R. B. Montgomery had reserved that territory, Withers has camped there, and, as usual, will build HIS church. Rev. Withers covered the territory of the Dakota, doing mission work. It was reported as "a fertile field," before he began his journeys about that state. It may be said that there will be no need of a (collecting) missionary in that country for a long time. William—the Kaiser, Richard—the Third, and Morris—the Shylock and Mountebank. Who is he? A CONCERT AND BALL The Home Guard Band of the 16th Battalion, M. H. G., will give their next public concert and ball at Arcadia Hall, Minneapolis, on Feb. 10th. Watch for the Adv. COLORED BOY WANTED. Wanted — Very dark colored boy, about thirty inches tall, chubby round face and perfect row of teeth. Prefer one who is easily taught and who either can sing, dance or whistle, from five to ten years of age. After a tour of the United States for one year he will be a capable moving picture star. Also, in time, this child would have a tutor to give him a complete education. He will visit his parents or relatives from time to time, so in no way will he be separated from them. A small salary will be paid at first, which will be increased as the child becomes efficient, and he will be with white people who will guarantee the best of care. In answering, send photograph, age, height, and weight. JACK ALLEN, No. 2 S. 11th St., Minneapolis, Minn.—(Adv.) There will be three congressmen from the Twin Cities who will stand as a stone wall for equal justice for all men—Thos. D. Schall and Walter Newton of Minneapolis and C. C. Van Dyke of St. Paul. A BENEFIT FOR ATTUCKS HOME. An entertainment will be given on February 12, Lincoln's birthday for the benefit of the Crispus Attucks Home in St. Paul. Watch for announcements. A Cash Deposit Required on All Advertisements. Notices of Entertainment, etc. Must Be Accompanied by Cash. SUBSCRIBERS WANTED — Make the Twin City Star a live and dependable weekly Negro newspaper by sending your subscription. THE TWIN CITY STAR, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. THE WAY TO MAKE MONEY. A SPLENDID OPPORTUNITY—DON'T MISS IT. If you wish to add to your income, you can do so by accepting an agency for The Twin City Star. Good commission to competent agents. Use your spare time in soliciting ads and subscriptions. Only honest and intelligent agents wanted. Call Hyland 1205. READ THIS CAREFULLY. If you receive a newspaper by mail and do not wish to pay for it, just refuse it by informing your postman. Then it will be returned to the publisher and he will be notified to discontinue sending it. There is no reason why a person should pay for a paper forced 'on them, but every reason why it should be paid for when ordered and accepted. We notice that many of the newcomers from the South are becoming paid subscribers to the Twin City Star. They have been accustomed to patronizing their own newspapers, where the real news of the Negro is published. We are living in an age and an epoch which is characterized by a growing and insistent demand for justice and democracy. The United States is sending men, money and munitions to the battle fields of Europe as its demand for justice, freedom and equality of opportunity for all peoples, and it would be well for the Americans at this time to remember that here in our own country for the past fifty years sluce the abolition of slavery, is a race loyal, patriotic people who are not enjoying at the hands of this government here at home the principles of that democracy for which we are fighting to make the world safe, and in which fight God helping us, we will be victorious. Any person, who seeks honor or personal gain in connection with any is guilty of the worst form of disloyalty. Every personal sacrifice is a war activities is a war profiteer, and patriotic effort. It is the duty of every honest citizen to do his best to bear the Nation's burden without complaint. This is no time for obstructionists. Those who have grievances may complain, in order that better progress may be made. The slacker and chronic kicker is always a detriment. While petitions of redress to proper authorities will always command respect and investigation, let us not forget that every one is asked to do his share to win this war. There is a satisfaction in having done our duty. There is honor enough for us all, if we do that which is expected of us. The patriot knows no self-preservation, the profiteer no self-sacrifice. ST. ANTHONY LODGE NO. 2877. G. U. O. OF ODD FELLOWS W. W. Williams, N. G.; J. W. Whitely, V. G.; M. L. Brown, P. N. G.; J. J. Turner, R. N. F.; J. W. Harper, Jr., N. F; J. A. T. Addison, E. S.; W. R. Morris, P. S.; N. C. Stone, W. T.; O. A. Lawrence, Advocate; O. S. Lee, Chapain; Wm. Jenkins, Warden; N. J. Hunter, Jurean; Jere Banham, R. S to N. G.; Gibbs Pleasants, L. S to N. G.; S. Davis, L. s to V. G.; R. L Drew, R. S to V. G. Ames Lodge, No. 106, I. B. P. O. E. of W., elected the following officers on Dec. 10: Jos. Sizer, Exalted Ruler; Eugene Pratt, Esteemed Loading Knight; S. G. Franklin, Esteemed Loyal Knight; George Davis, Esteemed Lecturing Knight; W. R. Morris, Secretary; Wm. Stirman, Treas- Mr. Geo. E. Jones, the famous chef, has charge of the culinary department at the Walters and Porters' Club. He has a reputation for his sanitary service. Manager Lee Wheeler has renovated the kitchen and opened a new dining room. THE ARCADIA RESTAURANT The management solicits your patronage of its Soda Fountain service, including Hot Drinks, Coca-Cola, Brazilla, Ice Cream and Sundies; also, Choice Candies, etc. Everything Sanitary at Popular Prices. The best place in the city to enjoy your meals. W. S. Simmons, Prop.—Advertisement. FOR RENT—Three nicely furnished rooms, large bath, suitable for housekeeping; also, one large room with two closets, for light housekeeping. Both in a modern home; married couples preferred; no children. Call Drexel 4856. Let us do your printing. Good work at popular prices. All kinds of job work. Call Hyland 1205. SMOKE THE RELIABLE RIGHT DRAFT CIGAR THAT'S ALLI The Twin City Star stands for equal rights for all American citizens. 92ND DIVISION TO ENTER GERMANY. Coblenz, Dec. 26. — Following the cancellation order of the 92nd Division (colored) to sail for home, comes word that they are to relieve divisions now stationed along the Rhine for patrol duty. They are to take up their new positions by Febru- Do not forget to send the money to the Star which you owe for subscriptions. Established 1886 Union Clothing Co. GENTS' FURNISHINGS, HATS, SHOES, TRUNKS AND VALISES 1101-1108 Washington Ave. So. Phone: Tri-State 32978 MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. High Grade Specialists in Wet Wash Dry Wash and Family Laundering OUR WORK IS OUR BEST ADVERTISEMENT POPULAR PRICED SHOE REPAIRING SPECIAL SAMPLE SHOES HARRY LEVITON MEN'S SUITS AND OVERCOATS MADE TO ORDER. Dry Cleaning and Fancy Dyeing of Ladies' and Gent's Garments. Phone N. W. Hyland 2875 1317 No. 6th Ave, Minneapolis. Office Phones—Main 2869; Auto 36774. Dining Room—Main 2831. Twenty Elegant Steam-Heated and Electric Lighted Rooms. A la Carte Meals at All Hours—Popular Prices. 246-250 FOURTH AVE. S., MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. Private Dining and Reception Room for Ladies. Special Temperance Beverages. Men's Buffet and Grill; Billiards; Barber Shop in Connection. MEXICAN CHILLI PARLOR AND SOFT DRINK CABARET FOR LADIES AND GENTLEMEN 715 South Washington Ave., Minneapolis. One of the finest Chilli Parlors this side of Chicago. The only place in the Twin Cities where you can get the genuine Mexican Chilli and have music while you eat. Open Till 1 A. M. BOB WILLIS, Proprietor. N. W. Nicollet 1534 JOSEPH YOUNG Loans on Real Estate 818 Metropolitan Life Bldg. Minneapolis, Minn. Nothing Changed But the Price Sight Drafts Still the Same Fine Old Cigar You've Always Liked When your dealer asks you six cents apiece for your old friend Sight Draft, don't get the idea that he is trying to put something over on you. The plain truth of the matter is that our labor and other manufacturing costs have increased so much that we had the choice of cutting down the size of the Sight Draft cigar, using Inferior tobacco, or raising the price one cent. We believed you would rather have the same old Sight Draft quality, the same old size, even if it cost you a penny more. So, from now on Sight Drafts will be six cents. Try a Sight Draft today. It's worth six cents and you experienced smogger KNOW it is. W. K. Grech & Song, makers. W. S. Conrad Co., St. Paul, whalehouse companies. CHOICE CITY AND SUBURBAN PROPERTY FOR SALE ON SMALL MONTHLY PAYMENTS. B. M. McDew Office Hours: Sundays: 2 to 6 p. m. 10 to 1 p. m. 9:30 a. m. to 12:30 p. m. R. S. BROWN, M. D. Office 408-9 Tribute Annex 67 Fourth Street South. N. W. Main 2040. T. S. 38191 Res. 608 E. 14th St. N. W. Main 2388 Minneapolis WORKING-MEN'S SOCIAL CLUB 244 3RD AVE. S. MINNEAPOLIS SYLVESTER W. OLIVER & BENJAMIN JONES Managers THE KEYSTONE BUFFET (Formerly "Kid" Mitchell's) Now under new management of JIMMY SMITH 1313 Washington Ave So. Main 2259 Minneapolis Peterson, The Druggist 1501 Washington Ave. So. TOILET ARTICLES, DRUGS PRESCRIPTIONS. He Solicits Your Pairnage. T. S. Center 4639. WALFRID WESTMAN Photographer BOWLING 1425 Washington Ave. So. Minn. WANTED. Reliable and intelligent agents always wanted to solicit business for THE TWIN CITY STAR; also correspondents in principal cities. A chance to earn a good living. Write The Twin City Star, Minneapolis. HOME GUARD NOTICE— 16TH BATTALION Company C—Regular drill nights every Monday and Friday. Assemble at 8 p. m. in Room 30, Courthouse. CAPT. GALE C. HILYER. Let Your Dollar Do Its Duty! SUBSCRIBE NOW. We have a few unclaimed tailor made Overcoats which we are willing to offer at one-half price. Come in and see them. It may save you money. Brown Bros. Merc. Co. TAILORS AND FURRIERS 21 South Sixth Street ```markdown ``` Formerly of Pence Auto Co. N. W. Main 2869 Auto. 36774 South Side Barber Shop EXPERT BARBERS; UP TO THE MINUTE. CIGARS, POOL AND BILLIARD TABLES IN CONNECTION. RACE PAPERS—SHOES SHINED. THOMPSON & CARVER. Propa. The Waiters' and Porters' Club GLOVER SHULL, PRES. 811 HENNEPIN AVE. MINNEAPOLIS EDDIE BOYD, SIEGY LEE WHELKER, MANAGER O SEPH DAHL, Prep. BETTON TO ORDER. Ten's Garments. Ave., Minneapolis. Club POLIS MANAGER Room—Main 2831. United Rooms. Prices. AMERICAN PEACE CONFERENCES OF PA Noted Citizens Have Represented Nation in Four HeldSince Close of the Revolution WHITELAW REID, MEMBER OF JAPANISH- AMERICAN PEACE CONFERENCE THE list of peace conferences with foreign nations, exclusive of Indian tribes, to which the United States as a belligerent was a party reduces strictly to the following: The Peace of Paris after the Revolution; the Peace of Ghent with Great Britain after the War of 1812; the Peace of Guadalupe Hidalgo with Mexico, 1848, and the Peace of Paris after the war with Spain. Of some pertinence, however, are the peace trenants forced on us by the Barbary pirates, 1794-97, and by us on them 20 years later; and the Peace convention with France made in 1800. Technically in the latter case we had not been at war, even though our frigate Constellation had captured the French frigate Insurgente and had destroyed another, La Vengeance. Our Independence Recognized Our Independence Recognized. Our peace with Great Britain after the Revolution was concluded by commissioners of congress under the Articles of Confederation, and of course before an American president or constitution existed. Washington was simply commander in chief. The provisional treaty was signed at Paris November 30, 1782, the definitive treaty September 3, 1783. General Washington having declared cessation of hostilities in January, 1783. The American commissioners in the first conference were John Adams, Franklin, Jay and Henry Laurens; in the second the same without Laurens, Richard Osgood negotiated for the king in the first conference, David Hartley, M. P., in the second. The four main questions in both were the boundaries of the United States, fishing rights of Newfoundland, the payment of private debts of American citizens to British and compensation by the United States to British loyalists (tories) whose property had been confiscated by the colonies during the war. The two former questions had to be further adjusted later on, although presumably conclusive agreements were then arrived at, the United States getting the territory between the Alleghanies and the Mississippi, and getting the right to fish off the Newfoundland coast, but not to dry the catches on those shores. There was to be no lawful impediment to the recovery of debts either way, and American legislation was to recommend making the loyalists immune from confiscations or prosecutions. It is unlikely that there will ever be an American peace commission of greater ability than this one. Franklin, our representative at Paris, had won for the struggling colonies the invaluable friendship and aid of the French government. John Adams was to be president, Jay to be chief justice of the United States Supreme court, Laurens was a former president of the council of safety of South Carolina and of the continental congress. Our convention of peace, commerce and navigation with France, which on A Canadian soldier and a public house loafer disturbed the peace one day of the little village inn. The soldier, his face a study in concentrated wreatfulness, had the civilian by the scruff of the neck and was apparently just on the point of giving him a thrashing when a belated policeman put in an appearance. "Now, then, what's all this about?" demanded the constable. "What's it about?" replied the Canadian, giving the wretched loafer an HENRY CLAY ONE OF NEGOTIATORS OF TREATY WHICH ENDED WAR OF 1812 September 30, 1800, ended a war that was not a war, was negotiated for the United States by Oliver Ellsworth, William Richardson Davie and William Vans Murray; for the first consulate by the following counselors of state: Jerome Bonn, Charles Pierre, Claret Fleurlen and Pierre Louis Roederer. The quarrel, on the French side, was a legacy from the directory to Napoleon's first consulate. The change in the French government made possible a reconciliation without formal progress into war. By the convention France recognized the rights of neutral vessels and, promised indemnities for her navy's depredations. Depending on what historian you read, America's success in the conference was mainly the work of Ellsworth or that of Murray. John Adams, Federalist, was president at the time. The vice president was Jefferson. Two of President Adams' commissioners. Ellsworth, who had just resigned the office of chief justice, and Murray, who had been Washington's minister to the Netherlands, were strong Federalists. Davie, English born, a former governor of North Carolina and a veteran of the Revolution, seemed to have been a free lance in early politics. The scene of the convention was Paris. Becoming tired of piracy and blackmail, American squadrons attended to the Barbary coast, and between 1805 and 1815, when Decatur finally made the whole thing sure, treaties were made with the dews and bashaws. The Peace of Ghent. The peace of Ghent was concluded December 24, 1814. The United States commission appointed by President Madison, who was a Jeffersonian Democratic-Republican, included John Quincy Adams, then our minister to Russia; James A. Bayard, former United States senator; Henry Clay, speaker of the house; Albert Gallatin, who had been secretary of the treasury from 1891 to 1813, and Jonathan Russell, our minister to Norway and Sweden John Quincy Adams was a former Federalist from Massachusetts, a strong Federalist state. That is, he had been originally in opposition to Madison in politics. Later he had come into accord with Madison's government. Bayard was another former Federalist, but he was the man who had brought about Jefferson's victory over Aaron Burr when that presidential election was thrown into the house of representatives. Clay was a concepulous Madisonian, and so was Gallatin, the eminent financier. Russell was a second Massachusetts commissioner of Madisonian partisanship. Ten years later he was elected to con-awful shake to emphasize his words. "Why, he called me a conscientious ejector! Now watch him being ejected!"—London Tit-Bits. Directed Raida by Radio Investigation has disclosed that the German submarine U-56, which arrived at Santander, Spain, under its own power, had been in communication with other U-boats at sea. Commander Reisser of the U-boat was seen remotely signalling toward the sea, and the Spanish government THE TWIN CITY STAR, MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. BENKINMAN FRANKLIN AMERICAN REPRESENTATIVE AT VERSAILES WHEN ENGLAND ACKNOWLEDGED AMERICAN INDEPENDENCE gress as a Democrat, in the present-day party sense. For the achievement of our commission much of the credit has always been given to Clay. The best opinion nowadays overshadows him with Gallatin. The late Henry Adams, grandson of the American chairman on the occasion, and a conscientiously just New England historian, writes: "Far more than contemporaries ever supposed or than is now imagined, the treaty of Ghent was the especial work and the peculiar triumph of Mr. Gallatin." The peace with Mexico, concluded in the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, was a curious specimen of such negotiations. The lone hand American commissioner was Nicholas Phillip Trist, chief clerk of the state department under President Polk, and, like Polk, a thoroughgoing Democrat as Democrats are today. There was nothing very intricate to negotiate with Mexico. We had gone to war to establish the boundary at the Rio Grande as against the Mexican contention for the Nueces. The peace that was made not only satisfied our government as to that portion of the boundary but also fixed the remainder of it, giving us New Mexico and what was 'then called Upper California. Trist's job was to make those stipulations and conclude a treaty yielding to them. He first met Santa Anna's commissioners in the summer of 1847. General Scott had not been notified of Triest's mission, and quarreled violently with him when he appeared. Treaty Made Without Authority. During an armistice in August Trist, whose instructions as to New Mexico and California had followed him, failed to come to an agreement with the Santa Anna commission, which made counter proposals and rejected all the American demands. At the end of the armistice fighting was resumed, and in deference to Scott Trist was recalled by the authorities at Washington. Before the order reached him, however, he had made friends with Scott and by Scott's advice he remained on the ground regardless of the order. At Christmas time, 1847, Scott's army took the city of Mexico and Santa Anna resigned the Mexican presidency. Trist then, without any authority except Scott's, resumed negotiations, procured the treaty that was wanted and took it back to Washington. Polk submitted it to the senate on February 23. Senatorial opposition caused modifications to which Mexico acceded, and ratification came on March 16. Our treaty of peace with Spain was concluded at Paris, December 10, 1898. The American commissioners were William R. Day, late secretary of state, chairman; Senators Cushman K. Davis, William P. Frye and George Gray, and Whitelaw Reid. All but one of the men appointed by McKinley were' of his own party. Senator Gray was a Democrat. Spain relinquished sovereignty over Cuba, ceded Porto Rico, the Philippines and Guam, and received $20,000,000. intercepted wireless messages from the U-56 after a French steamer was sunk and its crew killed by a submarine. It is quite oblivious the U-56 was sent to Santander to organize the destruction of allied and Spanish shipping from a favorable spot, it is believed. A Well-Governed Mind. A well-governed mind learns in time to find pleasure in nothing but the true and the just.—Amiel. HEARD and SEEN at the CAPITAL WASHINGTON.—If congress determines to continue the National Guard as the army of reserve of the nation, Secretary Baker states, the Guard service will have to be reconstituted from the ground up. When the mes the United States for the war, thereby losing its identity. These regiments must be reconstituted, recruited to necessary strength and again presented to the federal government for recognition before they can take a place in the federalized National Guard. Mr. Baker said he believed that state authorities generally would not attempt to reconstitute any of the old regiments of National Guard until after the divisions into which they had been merged return from France. It would seem desirable, he thought, that men to be discharged from those divisions be given a chance to re-enlist in the guard. This would enable, he said, the reconstituted regiments to be in fact as well as in name a continuation of the old organizations, with every right to carry the names of the historic battles in France—of Chateau Thierry, the second Marne, the Ourcq, the Vesle, St. Milhiel, Argonne forest, Sedan, Cote Chatillon and other places the divisions made famous—on their banners. Permanent Christmas Trees and Memorial Planting Permanent Christmas Trees and Memorial Planting A CALL is issued by the American Forestry association to every community in the United States to take steps to make its community Christmas tree permanent. The association hopes to see the community tree, in many places, great waste every year caused by cutting another tree. In nearly every community there will be found an ideal spot for public gatherings. There should be the living, growing tree that would come to be the gathering point not only at Christmas, but at other times. Such a tree might become, in many places, the center of a scheme for planting memorial trees in honor of our sailors and soldiers. Let us look ahead to next year by having your committee consult the city or state forester in regard to planting a permanent community Christmas tree." The nation-wide movement to plant memorial trees is widening in scope. Among the many indorsements are these: T. Gilbert Pearson, National Association of Audubon Societies—The planting of trees means more to bird life than can be estimated. The Audubon societies most heartily indorse the plan for memorial trees. Mrs. Ida Evans Arnold, General Federation of Women's Clubs, Chicago—In the planting of the Lincoln highway we are preserving the native flora of our country for those to enjoy who come after us; we are assisting in the building of a permanent monument to those who lost their lives in the war; we hope to establish a bird-feeding zone and sanctuary from coast to coast. Nicknames Replace Division Numbers in A. E. F. THE American is strong for nicknames. Nobody and nothing escapes him. There are, for instance, Uncle Sam and "Black Jack" Pershing; doughboy and leatherneck; Gotham and Windy City; the Sucker state and Little Rhody. So it is not surprising that form of the Dakota, is the Sunset. The Forty-second, the famous Rainbow, may be so named because it reflects local color from half the states of the Union. Anyway, it is made up of portions of the National Guards of New York, Louisiana, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Ohio, Georgia, Alabama, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Minnesota, Maryland, South Carolina, Colorado, Missouri, Virginia, North Carolina, Kansas, Texas, New Jersey, Tennessee, Oklahoma, District of Columbia, Michigan, Nebraska, California and Oregon, and was, beyond question, the most cosmopolitan division that left American shores. The Twenty-ninth, from New Jersey, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware and the District of Columbia, is the Blue and Gray division. Dixie is the name of the division containing National Guardsmen from Georgia, Alabama and Florida. The Ninety-first, from Washington, Oregon, Colorado, Nevada, Utah, Idaho, Montana and Wyoming, is the Wild West division. As most of the doughboys in the Eightieth come from south of Mason and Dixon's line, they have taken the name of Lee division. Where, Oh, Where, Are Cherry Tree and Hatchet? THE valuable collection of Washingtonia, collected by R. T. Crane, Jr., of Chicago, has been presented by him to the naval academy, Annapolis, Md. It will be placed in Memorial hall at the academy. The collection includes: service will have to be reconstituted are discharged they will return to civilian life without any obligation either to the federal or state governments to continue in National Guard service. Should some system of universal military training be worked out it is probable that the National Guard will cease to exist. There are many National Guard units organized since the war which are not affected. The great mass of the Guard, however, was merged into the temporary forces of the army of the United States for the war, there must be reconstituted, recruited to n to the federal government for recognition federalized National Guard. Mr. Baker said he believed that attempt to reconstitute any of the c after the divisions into which they hawl would seem desirable, he thought, that sions be given a chance to re-elist in the reconstituted regiments to be in f of the old organizations, with every r battles in France—of Chateau Thierv Vesle, St. Milhiel, Argonne forest, Seda divisions made famous—on their ban Permanent Christmas Tree A CALL is issued by the American F in the United States to take steps permanent. The association hopes to a SOMORROW great waste every year caused by cuttin- munity there will be found an ideal sp- be the living, growing tree that would w- at Christmas, but at other times. Succ- the center of a scheme for planting a- and soldiers. Let us look ahead to nec-ult the city or state forester in rega- Christmas tree." The nation-wide movement to plan Among the many indorsements are to T. Gilbert Pearson, National A- planting of trees means more to bird a- bon societies most heartily indorse the Mrs. Ida Evans Arnold, General F- In the planting of the Lincoln highw- of our country for those to enjoy who- building of a permanent monument to we hope to establish a bird-feeding zo- Nicknames Replace Division THE American is strong for nickname- There are, for instance, Uncle Sam and leatherneck; Gotham and Windy C So it is not surprising that few of the army divisions of the A. E. F. are known among the fighting men by their official numerical designation. For example, the Thirty-seventh division is naturally known as the Buckeye, as it is made up of National Guardmen from Oi lo. The Eighty-fourth, composed of men from Indiana, Illinois and Kentucky, is the Lincoln division. The Forty-first, made up from Oregon, Washington, Montana, Idaho, Wyoming and North Dakota, is the Sunset. The Forty-seem named because it reflects local color far way, it is made up of portions of the ana, Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Ohio, Go Minnesota, Maryland, South Carolina Carolina, Kansas, Texas, New Jersey Columbia, Michigan, Nebraska, Calif question, the most cosmopolitan division The Twenty-ninth, from New Jersey the District of Columbia, is the Blue of the division containing National G Florida. The Ninety-first, from Washi Idaho, Montana and Wyoming, is the doughboys in the Eightieth come from have taken the name of Lee division. Where, Oh, Where, Are THE valuable collection of Washing Chicago, has been presented by him It will be placed in Memorial hall at WASHINGTON RELICS PRESENTED BY R.T. CRANE JR. STOPP OF CHEESE TREE GIRL DOWN IN MICHIGAN on parchment for 516 acres of land da cups. Lease written by General Wash vey made personally by General Was writing. Recommendation and letter Nicholas Hill, with General Washing Madison to dine. Two silver cups engraved with "W the Revolutionary war. Sliver and a Col. John Augustine Washington, bro gold and silver buckles worn by Gener owned by General Washington. Four Washington's coat. One tortoise shell snuffbox, gold marked "G. W. to J. A. W." Cup and saucer, white and gold Mount Vernon. I DID MY BEST I'M Proud of THE NATIONAL GUARD by losing its identity. These regiments necessary strength and again presented on before they can take a place in the state authorities generally would not old regiments of National Guard until it had merged return from France. It men to be discharged from those divi- ting the guard. This would enable, he said, act as well as in name a continuation right to carry the names of the historic y, the second Marne, the Ourcq, the en, Cote Chatillon and other places the maers. Forestry association to every community to make its community Christmas tree the community tree, in many places, become the central point of a memorial tree planting scheme in honor of the sailors and soldiers who gave their lives in the war. The call follows; "At this Christmas season let us consider plans for making the community Christmas tree permanent. In such a tree we would have a reminder of the year-around Christmas spirit and a daily lesson before us all of what the Christmas spirit means, to say nothing of the elimination of the ing another tree. In nearly every com- post for public gatherings. There should come to be the gathering point not only in a tree might become, in many places, memorial trees in honor of our sailors next year by having your committee con- did to planting a permanent community at memorial trees is widening in scope. these: Association of Audubon Societies—The life than can be estimated. The Audu- plan for memorial trees. Federation of Women's Clubs, Chicago— way we are preserving the native flora come after us; we are assisting in the those who lost their lives in the war; one and sanctuary from coast to coast. Nation Numbers in A. E. F. mes. Nobody and nothing escapes him. and "Black Jack" Pershing; doughboy city; the Sucker state and Little Rhody. I BELONG TO T'H RAINBOW DIVISION AN' IM FROM T'H LEE DIVISION pond, the famous Rainbow, may be so some-half the states of the Union. Any National Guards of New York, Louisiorgia, Alabama, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Colorado, Missouri, Virginia, North Bay, Tennessee, Oklahoma, District ofornia and Oregon, and was, beyond in that left American shores. They, Virginia, Maryland, Delaware and Gray division. Dixie is the name guardsmen from Georgia, Alabama andington, Oregon, Colorado, Nevada, Utah, Wild West division. As most of the south of Mason and Dixon's line, they Cherry Tree and Hatchet? Montana, collected by R. T. Crane, Jr., of to the naval academy, Annapolis, Md. the academy. The collection includes: Nine mother-of-pearl whist counters. One executor's account book. One original land account book of Washington, covering period 1762-1784, inclusive. Key to house in which General Washington was born. One mosaic top of General Washington's snuffbox. One invitation to dine, addressed to Benjamin West. Deed on parchment for 550 acres of land, dated October 25, 1750. Deed on parchment for 319 quarter acres of land, dated February 28, 1772. Deed dated April 1, 1797. Bill of sale of camp ington, containing 13 autographs. Sur- hington and set out in his own hand- to Dr. John Cochran. Discharge of ton's signature. Invitation to James "used by General Washington during steel shoe buckle owned and used by mother of General Washington. Palr of General Washington. One Wedgwood brooch engraved copper buttons from General prims, and gold button on top center, China, used by General Washington at IMPROVED UNIFORM INTERNATIONAL SUNDAY SCHOOL LESSON (by REV. P. B. FITZWATER, D. D. Teacher of English Bible in the Moody Bible Institute of Chicago). (Copyright. 1918. Western Newspaper LESSON FOR JANUARY 26 ISRAEL CROSSING THE RED SEA LESSON TEXT—Exodus 14:13-15:21. GOLDEN TEXT—Thus the Lord saved the Israelites that day out of the hands of the Egyptians. Exodus 14:30. ADDITIONAL MATERIAL—Deuteronomy 4:23-40; Psalms 78:1-14; 106:7-12; Hebrews 11:23. The tenth stroke from the strong hand of the Almighty made Pharaoh willing to let Israel go. The tenth turn of the omnipotence brought him to time. The Israelites go out on their way to the promised land with a high hand. Through the land of the Philistines the journey would have been comparatively short; but God commanded them to turn from that way lest going through the land of the Philistines they see war and desire to turn back to Egypt. The Lord had respect for their needs. "He knoweth our frame, he remembreth that we are dust." (Psalms 103:14). He suits our trials to our ability to meet them. The Lord went before them in a pillar of cloud by day and a pillar of fire by night. He not only thus indicated unto them the right path, but walked with them in it. God does not deliver and then leave us alone, but becomes our companion. At the Lord's direction they turned from their first course and were made to face a seeming difficulty. The Red sea was before them, and mountains on either side. The stricken Egyptians had recovered from their sorrow and now saw the Israelites in a situation from which they could not extricate themselves. They interpreted this to mean that Moses was unable to lead them out of their difficulty; therefore, they went in pursuit, hoping yet to prevent them from going out of the country. I. The Miraculous Escape of the Israelites (14:13-22). They were in a straitened condition but had no reason to fear, for the Lord had led them there. It is safe to be where the Lord leads, though every avenue is closed against us. There seems to be a two-fold object in leading them into this peculiar place: to strengthen the faith of the people and to lay a snare for the overthrow, of the Egyptians. The people, as usual, displayed their unbelief and even censured Moses for leading them out of Egypt. Moses replied to their mursors by saying, "Fear ye not, stand still and see the salvation of the Lord." Standing still in such a trial is faith taking hold on God's promises. This is hard for the natural man to do. Before the salvation of the Lord can ever be seen or experienced we must come thus to him. While reposing our confidence in the Lord, there comes a time when we must make our faith active. God said, "Wherefore cried thou unto me? Speak unto the children of Israel that they go forward." Having had his definite promise, to have prayed longer would have been unbelief. The thing to be done then was to step out upon his eternal promise. The lifting up of the rod simply served as something tangible upon which their faith could act. They were to go forward a step at a time, without raising any, question as to the outcome; for from the same source from which came the command, came the power to obey. The presence of the Lord was adapted to their needs as they went forward. As they went forward the very thing which seemed their destruction became a wall of protection on either side. II. The Overthrow of the Egyptians (28:27). Having seen the Israelites go across dry-shod, Pharaoh and his hosts madly pursued them. They insanely thought that they in their unbelief could follow in the wake of God's children. The very things which are a wall and defense to the faithful become a snare and a means of destruction to the enemies of God's people. The Lord looked forth from the cloud and wrought confusion among the Egyptians. There is a day coming when a look from the Almighty will cause a much greater consternation among the wicked (Revelation 6:16, 17; 20:11-13). He not only looked upon them but took off their charlot wheels, which caused them to realize that God was fighting against them. He then directed Moses to stretch forth his rod and bring destruction upon the Egyptians. So complete was the overthrow that it is said that not one escaped. III. The Song of Triumph (15:1-21). Standing on the other shore of the Red sea, they could fittingly sing the song of triumph, because of the miraculous deliverance and the overwhelming defeat. Instruments of Strength. He is able to bear the crosses of others because he bears his own. He can be of use to men because he can do without men. He is ethically effective because he is spiritually free. He is able to save because he is strong to suffer. His sympathy and his solitude are both alike the instruments of his strength.—Francis G. Peabody. Our Helper. He that wrestles with us strengthens our nerves and sharpens our skill. Our antagonist is our helper.—Burka.