The Broad Ax

THE BROAD AX HEW TO THE LINE; LET THE CHIPS FALL WHERE THE MAY THOUSANDS OF COLORED MEN in this City and throughout the State of Illinois refused to vote for Hon. William Hale Thompson for United States Senator and many of them will not support him in his campaign for re-election for Mayor of the City of Chicago. JOHN B. FRENCH, MAYOR THOMPSON'S COLORED CANDIDATE, FOR COUNTY COMMISSIONER FELL BY THE WAYSIDE AT THE SEPTEMBER PRIMARIES IN THE SECOND WARD; WHERE THE PRESENT CHIEF EXECUTIVE OF THIS CITY EXPECTED TO PULL THROUGH WITH TEN OR FIFTEEN THOUSAND MAJORITY, BUT HIS COUNTY TICKET WAS CUT AND SLASHED TO DEATH IN THE HOUSEHOLD OF HIS FRIENDS. THE REV. HON. ARCHIBALD JAMES CAREY, PH. D. D. D. WAS THE SPIRITUAL ADVISER OF FORMER MAYOR CARTER H. HARRISON AND HE IS SERVING IN THE SAME CAPACITY FOR MAYOR THOMPSON. THE THOMAS CAREY POLITICAL LEAGUE REPRESENTING ALL NATIONALITIES IN CHICAGO GOES ON RECORD IN FAVOR OF FREEDOM FOR IRELAND. ROBERT E. BURKE AND THREE HUNDRED MEMBERS OF THE COOK COUNTY DEMOCRACY GAVE A GRAND BLOW OUT AT THE BRIGGS HOUSE, NEW YEARS AFTERNOON IN HONOR OF HON. THOMAS CAREY, WHO WAS LOUDLY HAILED AS THE NEXT MAYOR OF CHICAGO. Prior to the September primaries Mayor Thompson, his shouters and retainers in all of their so-called speeches or orations, loudly proclaimed that 95 out of every 100 Colored men in this city and throughout the State of Illinois would record their votes in favor of his election to the United States senate. Such was not the case, however, for thousands of Colored men in this city and state absolutely refused to march under his banner for United States senator. ten or fifteen thousand majority at his back, at the same time expecting to pull all of his county ticket though with him, he managed by trading, cutting and slashing to scramble though with six thousand votes to the good, but his county ticket was not in it; even Mayor Thompson's Colored candidate for county commissioner, John B. French, fell by the wayside, and right now there are thousands of Colored voters residing in all parts of this city who are ready to take Just before the primaries, Mayor Thompson's Colored gambling friend, Col. Edward H. Wright, and his old pal, the Hon Rev. Archibald James Carey, Ph. D. D. D., assured Mayor Thompson that everything was all right for him; that he would mop up among the Colored people residing in the Second ward; that such little Colored newspapers like The Broad Ax could and would not be of the slightest benefit to him; that it had no influence and would on, and the final result was that over 3,000 extra copies of this paper were distributed free in the First and Second wards Saturday, Sept. 7, for the special benefit of Hon. Martin B. Madden, and that issue of The Broad Ax did not have one line good, bad or indifferent in relation to Mayor Thompson, and when the ballet were all counted Mayor Thompson was not ace high as far as the United States senatorship was concerned, and instead of pulling through the Second word with ten or fifteen thousand majority at his back, at the same time expecting to pull all of his county ticket though with him, he managed by trading, cutting and slashing to scramble though with six thousand votes to the good, but his county ticket was not in it; even Mayor Thompson's Colored candidate for county commissioner, John B. French, fell by the wayside, and right now there are thousands of Colored voters residing in all parts of this city who are ready to take another whack at Mayor Thompson when he comes up for re-election. It was pointed out in these columns last week that whenever, the Hon. Carter H. Harrison would blow his coldblooded nose, that the Hon. William Hale Thompson would sneeze as loud as he possibly could, that they are both one and the same thing when it comes down to politics, that they are nether one thing or the other as long as there is a big fat easy job in sight; that Col. Charles C. Fitzmorris who hates all decent and self-respecting Colored men unless they grin; show their teeth and act the part of a tom fool or a monkey, if he should happen to smile upon them, that Col. Fitzmorris was the boss or the star lair for mayor Harrison, that he is holding down his same job for mayor Thompson and that Col. Fitzmorris is still at his old tricks, that is in dishing up all kinds of lies for mayor Thopmson. Let us take the case of the Rev. Hon. Archibald James Carey, Ph. D. D. D., it simply proves that there is no difference between former mayor Harrison and mayor Thompson, the Rev. Hon. Archibald James Carey, Ph. D. D. D. claimed that he was some kind of a Democrat at that time and he held down an easy job under mayor Harrison which paid him more than one hundred dollars per month, at the same time his daughter was holding down a job at seventy-five to one hundred dollars per month as assistant secretary of the Illinois State Commission while she was spending most of the time in attending the Chicago University. At the same time Madison Davis Carey, son of the Rev. Hon. Archibald James Carey, Ph. D. D. D. was holding down a job in the County Treasurer's office at five dollars per day- can you beat it? not in ten thousand years, that is not all just as soon as the Hon. William Hale Thompson assumed his duties as mayor of Chicago, he selected the Rev. Hon. Archibald James Carey, Ph. D. D. D., as his spiritual adviser and as such he receives almost three thousand dollars per year for practically doing nothing but to shout, snort and blow about mayor Thompson and exclaim that he will be the next president of the United States who said dead rats?! The first of this week the Thomas Carey Political League held a largely attended meeting at the Briggs House and in winding up its business it passed the following resolution urging President Wilson to consider the demands of Ireland for self-determination was adopted. After the meeting Thomas Carey sent the following cablegram to President Wilson: "At a meeting the Carey Political league, representing all nationalities in Chicago, unanimously adopted the following resolution presented by Thomas Carey: "Recognizing the right of the people to regulate and govern their own affairs, and recognizing further the gallant struggle of the Irish race for freedom, self-determination, and a free republic in its native land, the Carey Political league respectfully urges you to exert your great influence and every effort to obtain for the cause of Ireland proper representation at the peace conference." Wednesday afternoon, New Years day; Robert E. Burke, and more than three hundred members of the Cook County Democracy, held forth in an old time love feast at the Briggs [Picture of a man with a mustache and a suit]. Successful business man; extensive real estate owner; who is extremely popular with all classes of his fellow citizens and many Colored men and women in all parts of this city are already marching under his banner for Mayor of Chicago. House, in honor of Thomas Carey. Many speeches were delivered by prominent members of the Cook County Democracy and by many other leading citizens and business men who were present and they all freely predicted, that Hon. Thomas Carey would be the next mayor of Chicago. About the saddest thing in the world is to undergo self-denial for years, to save money and then to see the "rainy day fund" wiped out by the failure of some "wild cat" scheme. This happens every day. Widows and hard working men are credulous. They listen to the oily promises of "get rich quick" promoters and hand over their savings to slick salesmen with "blue sky" securities promising impossible profits. And when the bolt falls out of the clear sky the pitiful savings of years disappear in an instant. "The Bonanza Patroll Co. has gone up. We are ruined!" Then there is nothing to do but begin life all over—and at a time when earning capacity has began to ebb and the way is thornier than ever before. Whatever the temptation may have been in the past to do this thing, there is no excuse for it now. Hundreds of thousands of experienced publicity and investment men have been at work for nearly two years, under the authority of the American government, educating millions of people in the fine art of safe investing. It is undoubtedly the fact that more people are saving money today than ever before in all the history of the world. And more of the people are interested in the proper handling of their savings accumulations. Literally millions have been taught to buy government bonds, and they have learned to-buy Thrift and War Savings Stamps as the best possible way to prevent the waste of fugitive quarters and dimes. The government will offer another chance to "get in on the ground floor" during the spring when the Fifth Liberty Loan is offered. The money will be spent to pay the cost of maintaining and restoring to their homes the valiant soldiers who have won for America the world's greatest victory. The bills must be paid and the American people must pay them. From the "thrift and savings" viewpoint, the Fifth Liberty Loan will be as good as or even better than the previous liberty loans. It is likely to have a shorter maturity and that will enable the holder to obtain a generous income while he holds them and get his principle back with a handsome appreciation during the coming period of intense activity and prosperity. If anything "goes up in value" Liberty Bonds surely will. The way to get the benefit of such advances in value is to buy the coming Fifth Liberty bonds. To buy them when they are offered everybody should begin saving up now. Set aside all the money you can spare out of your wages and have it in your savings bank for the initial payment on Fifth Liberty bonds. PAGE TWO THE BROAD AX In this city since July 15th, 1899, without missing one single issue. Republicans, Democrats, Catholics, Protestants, Single Taxers, Priests, infidels or anyone else can have their say as long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in advance. Advertising rates made known on application. Address all communications to THE BROAD AX 6206 So. Elizabeth St., Chicago, Ill. Phone Wentworth 2597. JULIUS F. TAYLOR Editor and Publisher DR. M. A. MAJORS Associate Editor 4700 South State Street Phone Drexel 1416 Vol. XXIV Jan. 4, 1919. No. 16 Entered as Second-Class Matter, August 18, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago, Ill., under Act of March 3, 1879 Matter of Mathematics A woman whose hobby was the psychology and the esoteric influence of colors, was deeply gratified one morning when her husband admitted that there might be something in her theory after all. "Dawson told me something today, which seemed to go to prove it," he said. "Dawson?" questioned Mrs. Madison, amazed, for Dawson was the manager of her husband's stables. "Yes; he says the bays cat more than the grays." "Really! How does he account for it?" "Why, there are ten more bays than grays." Good Stain Mixture Take an ounce of sal-ammoniac and salt of tartar, mix and pour over them a pint of soft water. Dip into it those parts of a white article stained with wine, fruit or mildew. After the stains have thus been removed, wash in the usual manner. Marriage Custom For women to take their husbands' names on the marriage day was a Roman custom. For example, we have Octavia of Cicero, meaning Octavia, wife of Cicero. Now we omit the "of." Slipper Stylez. In the east, as a general rule, Turks wear yellow slippers, Armenians red and Jews blue. It is a bad cause that cannot be talked over in public. Shields Protect Propellers Because of the great number of salmon nets spread in the Columbia river and in the sea near its mouth, boats plying those waters are provided with propeller and rudder shields. These enable the boats to run over a net without becoming entangled. One Possibility He—"Nothing could ever come between us, could it, dear?" She—"I can't think of a single thing, unless I should happen to become engaged to some other man before we get married."—Pearson's Weekly. We Wouldn't. You May. We wont, you may. "Would you call the lady you sing with in the church choir a chants ac- gnaintance?"—Boston Transcript. Flying fish are chiefly found along the trade path of the North Atlantic. Safe Proposition Abuse the public all you like; no one ever considers it a personal affront. Their Need for Safety Pins Their Need for Safety Pins. An archaeologist recently dig up a safety pin from the ruins of ancient Babylon. Judging from the pictures in the Babylonian section of the histories, however, it seems that safety pins were worn mostly by the grownups in those times. A Pen Joke. A boy who is a firm believer in the "rains-a-pig" plan has a porker which he has christened "Ink," because he says the pig runs so freely from the gun. Pacific Deepest Ocean. It is believed that the Pacific is fully a mile deeper than any other ocean. Daily Thought. Wise to resolve and patient to reform—Homer. Albatross Wonderful Flyer. The albatross spends its life, with the exception of a few weeks given each year to nesting, entirely at sea, and is on the wing practically all the time. Furthermore, it does not progress by flapping its wings, as most birds do, but seems to soar at will, rarely, if ever, giving a stroke of the wing, seeming to need no impetus. At nesting time, which is early in the year, the albatross repairs to an isolated island, such as one of the Crozet islands, in the southern Indian ocean, or Tristan da Cunha, in the South Atlantic ocean. Right Idea About Business The old idea that business is getting the better of your neighbor is not only "bad business," but nonsense. Business is not getting the better of but doing the best for your neighbor—and yourself. If business is not mutually profitable, it is mutually destructive. My neighbor's prosperity helps mine and mine his. When that old pernicious notion is finally exploded the millennium of business will be at hand, the era of universal peace between capital and labor.—Lord Leverhulme. Famous Castle of Durnstein. The ragged towers of the castle of Durnstein, in which Richard of England was imprisoned, still rise by the Danube, and there is a Napoleonic legend that, as the French emperor rode by in his Wagram campaign, he pointed to them with horror as a reminder of a barbarous incident. Seemingly his reverry was untroubled by any prevision of the far harder fate in store for him. Holly Used as Symbol It was usual at Roman weddings to present the bride with a wreath of holly, significant of the warmest congratulations. In India and Persia the followers of Zoroaster, the founder of fire worship, soak pieces of holly bark in water and throw the infusion in the faces of newly born babies, believing this will insure them prosperity and safety in this world. Opportunity at Funeral. Shortly after the new family moved into the house across the street the old grandfather took ill and died. When my little son heard of his death he said he was going to the "fooneral." "Why, Bobbie, you don't even know them." I said. "I know, mother," was his reply, "but I think the fooneral would be a good place to get 'quainted.'"—Chicago Tribune. Good in Strawberry Wine. Regarded medicinally, strawberry wine is held to be superior to grape wine. Spanish doctors who have investigated the matter report that strawberry wine gives the greater strength to a weakened constitution. The strawberry wine industry is said to be assuming some importance in Spain. Why Delay? "Take this medicine," said the young doctor. "If it doesn't cure you, come back in a few days and I shall give you something that will." The patient pocketed the dope reluctantly. In a few moments he returned. "If you don't mind, doc, I'll take some of that that will cure me right away." Retribution. When the man who invented the slide trombone grew old and crippled and could not get away, retribution bounded him in the form of a neighbor who practiced on one of the blamed things every night. An evil deed is always repaid with an evil deed. Baker's Dozen. Years ago when a heavy penalty was inflicted for short weight, it was customary for bakers to give a surplus number of loaves, called "inbread," to avoid risk of fine. The thirteenth was known as the "vantage loaf," it is said. Drawing the Line. "The fresh young man who always wants to 'start something,'" remarked the Observer of Events and Things, "draws the line when it comes to the morning fire in the stove."—Yonkers Statesman. To Keep Pens From Corroding Steel pens are destroyed by corrosion from acid in the ink. Put in the ink some nails or old steel pens, and the acid will exhaust itself on them, and the pen in use will not corrode. Indirect Action. Said the almost philosopher, "It may sound like a paradox, but when a fellow has a weight lifted off his mind it makes his heart light." Not Knecking the Doctor, Either. Sometimes it looks like the doctor is the only person in the community who hasn't a sure cure for bad colds. —Galveston News. Wahr of Perception. The devil has no stancher ally than want of perception.—Phillip H. Wickstead. Daily Thought. Be wise worldly, but not worldly wise—Quarles. THE BROAD AX. CHICAGO, JANUARY.4, 1919 MUST CLOTHE TO KEEP BODY WARM Fuel Regulations Create Demand for Garments That Are Comfortable. HEAVIER FROCKS IN FASHION Military Service Coats Among the Leading Favorites — Velours, Serges and Velvets Are Wern in the House. New York.—The zero hour may have ended for the army, but it sends a shiver of memory, and prospect through us. Heatless houses, icy streets and thin clothes served to reduce our vitality so seriously last winter that there are many medical experts to rise up and say that the devastation of influenza was due to these causes. We were frozen by nature, fed on substitutes, made miserable by lack of artificial heat, and our nervous resistance, which was called into intense activity to withstand these three plagues, has permitted us to fall easy victims to the fourth and the worst plague that leaped upon us from the ocean last autumn. The war is over, but the cold approaches. The soldiers need not fear the zero hour, but the American women must fear it, warns a prominent fashion correspondent. It may be that we will get up cold and go to bed cold. We may eat half-warm meals in front of half-hearted fires, and have our being in one small room, with a total disregard of the pleasanter amenities of life that civilization has led us to believe are permanent. This is not pessimism. It is a retrospect of actualities. None of us escaped suffering last year. The rich and the poor went down alike under the presence of intense cold and lack of coal, just as clean and dirty, wealthy and pauper went down under the influenza germ. None were spared the presence of danger last year. The multimillionaire lived in one room and tried to heat it with whatever sticks and stones she could buy or borrow, in the same comfortless way as her sister of the submerged tent. Warmth Is the Fashion. Let us say that it is the fashion to wear warm clothes, and the individual will follow the fashion as the customs of a country follow its flag. We move in herds, and all the civilization in the world has not been able to eradicate this primordial instinct. So when you go out to buy your winter outfit, say to yourself that warmth is the fashion; that protection to the body by proper apparel is smart; that peltry, velours, quilted linings, high shoes, big neckpieces, muffs for the hands, and even foot warmers for the feet, are the very height of style. To dress in transparent clothes is to show one's self behind the times. To wear negligible costumery that half covers the body at three o'clock, during a blizzard, is to show one's self unobservant of the rules of the game. And not only must we wear warm clothes on the street, but they may be necessary for the house. In fact, it is very probable that they will be. There is small doubt about it under the new fuel request, which is that every room shall have a thermometer, and that not a single thermometer in America T Service coat of nutria, with Sam Brown belt and buttons of brown leather. It is modeled after the regulation British coat, and is worn by women not in uniform as well as those in uniform. shall go above 68 degrees. Now, you're not used to 68 degrees in the house. Many of us are used to 80, and the majority of us will shiver for the first few weeks under the new regulation. We may take as our only comfort that fact that this temperature is supposed to be healthful; but, mind you, it is only healthy when the body is warm. No medical expert, however great, will try to convince you otherwise. Therefore, the clothes that are to be chosen for the house, as well as those for the street, must be protective. And because of this new ruling, which comes through the federal regulations, there is an entire output of new types of house gowns that we once thought impossibly old fashioned for American women. Warm Medieval Blouse. It is an old story to talk about France and the medieval culrass blouse, but it is a rather new story in America. Those who preached this doctrine of dress last year were not regarded as sincere prophets, and we did not go into the exploitation of the thick culrass blouse until this autumn, after France had had eight months of steady usage of the idea. Now we are quite enamored of the whole scheme of dress. The necessity for being warm has brought about the necessity for wearing something in the house and in the street that is more protection than a wash shirtwist. Georgette crepe, Chinese silk, handkerchief linen are not aids to heat in the house, and even though we may wear coats with our skirts indoors as well as in the open, we like the protection of these new padded blouses, that are made of chamois, matelasue, quilted satin or brocade, interlined with fannel. It is only under the fur THE COAT British "warm" worn by officers over there, and now adopted by American women for street use. It is made of bright yellow leather and lined with rough, undyed sheepskin. It has capacious pockets and is fastened with big leather buttons. coat or the short jacket made of leather and sheepskin that we can stand the thinness of the conventional wash waist, which has given us the best service for nearly two decades. The curiass blouse puts many a separate skirt into first fashion, and that is a bit of economy that every woman likes to endorse; but more than that, it gives a snug security against the wind and the snow, as well as the chill of a sixty-eight-degree sitting room. It is an ornate substitute for the sweater. Service Coats for Women. Those who design clothes are not averse to a new output to meet new fuel laws. They are quite happy to supply women with a variant on the accepted style of winter costumery. They have rung so many changes on chiffon and satin, on crepe and serge, that they are willing to go in for velours and angora, for skirts of heavy velveteen. They quite endorse the idea of immense pieces of petty, worn in the house as well as on the street, and they exploit new types of jackets that protect the body. It means a brisk trade to them; it changes the dullness of autumn into the optimism of winter. Chief among the new outdoor wraps that have appeared since the cold weather made its first approach is a service coat designed by one of the leading furriers of France and America. It has caught the fancy of every woman who likes something that suggests the military. It is a genuine service coat, copied from those worn by the soldiers, which were first fashioned in Great Britain, who has led all the world in smartness and comfort in uniforms. It is of nutria, which is a poor cousin of beaver; it is heavily lined, and yet it is not awkward in its lines through bulkiness. There is a Sam Brown belt; also a broad waist belt of leather, and the four immense pockets, which hold all the packages one needs to carry, are fastened with big leather buttons to match those down the front. There is a high rolling collar of leather and nutria combined, which is made to stand up when required and fasten under the chin with a big leather button. Smart women who are out in these coats carry one of the new, short, fashionable umbrellas, that are made to look like officers' sticks. The British "Warm." The American artillery officer who, after the first months of winter in France, said all he desired was a German helmet and a British "warm," has been echoed, as far as the latter part of the wish goes, by the American women, who have discovered that the British "warm" is about the most delightful bit of covering that has been invented for an unpleasant spell of weather. A woman brought the first one to this country, as far as sartorial history tells it, and she sold it to a man, who was so excited over it that he tried to get doses over for other men. Now the women can buy them over here and wear them with content. They are made of leather and lined with sheepskin in its rough undyed state. The buttons are leather, the pockets are capacious, and the high collar is cut on good lines. (Copyright 1918, by McChure Newspaper) Velocity of Light The velocity of light was obtained by the Danish astronomer Roemer in 1676, by observing the eclipses of Jupiter's moons. When the earth was nearest to Jupiter, the eclipse appeared about eight and one-half minutes too soon for the calculations, and when the earth was most remote from Jupiter, they were about eight and one-half minutes too late. Roemer concluded the reason to be that it required 17 minutes for light from the planet to traverse the diameter of the earth's orbit, which measured the difference of the distances of the earth from Jupiter. This calculation has since been verified, and proves that light travels about 188,000 miles a second. Canadian Money Orders Canadian money orders are issued on blanks of various denominations, each with the amount of money for which the order is issued printed on it. A lady living in Ontario, sending a bunch of 30-cent money orders to make up a remittance to a Boston firm, apologizes thus: "I apologize for all these post office orders. It seems that the local postmaster got in a stock six years ago, and the 30-cent orders were the slowest to sell. He has no others on hand now." "The Psalm of Life" Many years ago, when Professor Kneeland was leaving Iceland, the people said to him: "Tell Longfellow that we love him; tell him we read and rejoice in his poems; tell him that Iceland knows him by heart." And, at about this same time, they were using in China a fan, which was most popular there, on account of the "Psalm of Life" being printed on it in Chinese. Household Work Savers Use plenty of newspapers about the kitchen, spreading them on the floor when anything is likely to spatter. It is easier to gather them up than to clean up. If there is a kitchen range not in use in the summer time it is well to prevent dampness and rust. If the kitchen has but a gas range, then a good-sized waste basket should be kept and the papers disposed of in whatever way is best. Restoring Gilt Frames To restore gilt frames take a soft brush and carefully free the frames of every particle of dust, then cover with the following mixture: The white of one egg and one-half ounce of chloride of potassia. Apply with a soft brush. Scientific American says if you desire to cleanse gilt frames without tarnishing them, wash them in beer. Getting Into a "Scrape" When a boy or young man gets into a "scrape" he is supposed to have gotten into some kind of deviltry, but the old meaning is somewhat different. A "scrape" is a hole which deer dig in the ground at certain seasons of the year, and the man who fell into one of these holes was usually lucky to get out with a broken bone. Made Early Use of Coal Though wood and turf formed the fuel of our early ancestors, investigations have proved that the Britons, even prior to the Roman occupation, made use of coal. But as it was possible to utilize only such coal as lay at or near the surface, the practice did not make headway for many centuries. Probably of Some Age Clarence was always doing things that brought exclamations of surprise from his mother. This seemed to puzzle the little fellow. One day he asked: "How old will I have to be, mother, before I quit doing things that your are surprised at?" Really "Quake Doctors." A quack doctor is not a goose, but was originally a "quake doctor." The ague was called the quake and the uneducated persons who served as doctors in certain parts of England used to charm the ague away; hence arose the expression. Oldtime Fire Alarms Fire alarms came into use in medieval times. It was the custom in many of the towns to have a watchman stationed on a high building whose duty it was to look for fires. As soon as he saw one he gave warning by blowing a horn, firing a gun or ringing a bell. Initial Step to Victory There is a courage which is only another name for faith. Many a battle is lost before the soldier leaves his tent. The first step to victory is to believe that the battle need not be lost at all—Rev. Hugh Black, M. A. Advantage Found at Last The Columbus Citizen has made a real discovery. "A short man looking up," it remarks, "sees farther than a tall man looking down."—Boston Transcript. The one big shortcoming of having Willie wash the dishes is that it doesn't get his necken ears clean, too. Daily Thought. Religion has nothing more to fear than not: being sufficiently understood. — Stanislaus, King of Poland. German Saxonia or Western Saxonia is it called since September, 1818 when British occupation took place comprises the islands of Savall and Opotu with the town of Apla as the head of the political and commercial life. The islands are the remains of a semisubmerged volcanic range, heavily clothed with tropical verdure related to a great existent prohibits agriculture or farming: hence the principal industries are the planting of coconuts cacao and rubber. Editor's Joke A building author sent a humorous paragraph to the editor of a chapel paper. Not finding it printed within a reasonable time or hearing from the editorial department, he wrote toquire about it. "I sent you a job about ten days ago. I have heard nothing respecting its safe receipt and should be glad to hear whether you have seen it." The editor's reply was as follows: "Your joke arrived already, but up to the present we have not seen it." Noted Colored Women Sojourner Truth was a colored woman an born in New York state, probably about the middle of the eighteenth century, as she was middle aged at the time of Washington's death, in 1799. That was not her real name but she assumed it for reasons of her own. She was a slave all her life and set free by an act of the New York legislature in 1827, abolishing slavery in that state. July 4, 1827. Mrs Herriet Brewert Chester Stowe wrote a life of her. Antiquity of Disease The antiquity of disease is shown by the recent discovery of Prof Charles D. Walcott, secretary of the Smithsonian institution, Washington. He found fossilized toxic, or poisonous bacteria, at the base of and far below the Cambrian rocks. These rocks had originally lain 36 miles below the earth's surface, but had been heaved by some tremendous compulsion. Theirs is an age of 30,000,000 years ago. Napoleon Who Never Reigned Napoleon Who Never Reigned. Napoleon II never reigned. When Napoleon I abdicated he also pronounced the right of succession for his son, known as the king of Rome. When Napoleon III created himself emperor of the French he took the style and title of Napoleon III. In order to establish the connection be tween himself and his uncle, the first Napoleon. Match Scratcher Save the strip of sandpaper that comes on the match boxes and tack on jamb of door with tiny Swee tacks; or strips of sandpaper that can cut five inches long and three-eighth inch wide. Place a tack at each end and one in the middle. This will not interfere with opening and closing door, and will save steps in running back to get another match. The Sun and Flowers In flowers of the common nasturtium the low sun of the early morning developed yellow coloring matter, the middle sun brought out the reds and the midday sun stimulated the violents blues and purples, according to observations by Col. R. E. Rawson, in a report to the Royal Microscopical society. Novel Experiences Did you ever chance to see a sword fish, a bottle fly, a stone fence, a cat nip, a bed spring, a mill race, crows prick up its ears or a potato wipe its eyes? Or have you ever had the novel experience of hearing a birch bark, a pillow tick, or a tree top hum? Ask Gas Loge. Ink Stains. To remove black ink stains, the article should be washed immediately in several waters and then in milk, letting it soak in the milk for several hours; the stain will disappear. Washing the article immediately in vinegar and water, and then in soap and water, will remove all ordinary ink stains. Biblical "Prophets." The numerous "prophets" of the Bible were not persons who foretold the future, but in the original the word means story writer. It will be found by a short examination that this is true. The "Seven Seas" The phrase "seven seas" is just a general reference to the ocean. A man said to have traveled the "seven seas" is one who has been much on the waters of the globe. Wolves! Tempering the wind to the short wolf is not scriptural, not even proverbial doctrine. Let any reader make the application for himself.—Brooklyn Eagle. Extort Sympathy "Some folks," said Uncle Eben. "knu up so act up dat fue d'thing you know dey begins to get a little sympathy foh belp' so mean an unpopular." Daily Thought Thought is the wind; knowledge the sail and mankind the vessel.-J. C. Hare. AEE Te eee re Lae eee ee ae e Sa a ‘THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, JANUARY 4, 1919 ‘ _———_————— aa — = — me a ONG IDEA OF GREATNESS FROM ROMAN COLONY | NEW IDEAS THROUGH READING | ANCIENT OLD TRADING POST ee ape yaa City and Fortress of Cologne Hi: ee — —- Achieved by jas | importa: Setect Mme Have Made «Bip Fiowree Prominentty tn the cadens Ema hehe eee aay, soon | ee ae — Noise in the World. Pages of History. | ‘Than Nothing. ‘“Gitent Places.” | ‘wation of Oruge. | We make bold to say that there ts a | misconception tn the minds of throughout the world as to t really constitutes 2 great life ‘Doless a men or a woman has been the public view with whatever sery- was rendered, unless bis or ber re bas been in Dewspapers and unless, tm short, they have .de 2 noise,” we do not consider t the tives they led were great lives, This ts not only a harmful miscon- ion; it Is a mistake and Its conse- are, from ® moral point of "extremely vielous. Suppose you are walking tn the Belds in the forests and you come across ‘strange Kind of bug or insect. You corious to know what It is. Well, can secure # book in almost any We Ubrary that will tell you just t you want to know. That book written and compiled by some who did nothing bis whole life bot study bugs, cataloguing them, ing thelr tribe and origin and the of their existence. ‘ther men have spent their lives tn humble capacities, but adding to the world's sum of knowl ‘The drug that soothes your pain, spectacles by which you renew worn-out eyes, the fre you cook and that warms you—these and other of your blessings and were wormed out of nature's storehouses for you by patient ts whose mames you do not ‘These are the great lives. These are lives that have blessed the lives all who followed after them. And men and women who led such were great people though they down to thelr graves unhonored ‘unsung. DS RATHER THAN WORDS ishments, Even Though Great, Lose Much of Their Merit When Made Subjects of Boast. ‘The habit of boasting Is not a sign merit. It is rather the reverse. A iy brave man allows bis deeds to for him, and they always will they are great and strong enough, rks the Ohio State Journal. These great days for boasting, for there mach to be proud of. We are proud ur country, of our sacrifices, of privations, of our sorrows, but are apt to lose their merit by our about them. The testimony avorthy deed is not expressed in but in a quiet and noble life fe beard a man tell of a heroic deed which he was the hero, but one "t know tt from what he said, nd yet somehow in his very tone and his praise for others one could easily see whose was the honor of it. There is one phase of boasting which ts very distasteful, and that is the sort which makes ourselves the greatest people on earth. Of course we are, but we doc't know it from what the boasters my. We only know it by hearing of the acts of our heroes, who are apt bot to mention it at all. We learn of cur own nobility by feeling it in our bearts and not by reading it in the newspapers or hearing the orators tell i. Muskrats Predict. ‘it is @ strange fact that in Novem- ber the muskrats begin to bulld thelr tomes and gradually enlarge them by siding more material, says Edward F. Bigelow in Boys’ Life. For this reason it ts said that, according. to the beight of the muskrat house, so ls to be the cold of the winter—that ‘ the higher the house the colder the Weather. This is an error. It bas teen claimed by the old timers, and ‘be error still is perpetuated, that the mukrats build thelr houses 20 inches Ngher and very much warmer for leog winters than for short ones. There are many foolish sayings re- @rding the month as an index to shot the winter will be, the predic ton extending on even into the fol- lowing March. Scouts can do a good tern if they will. prove, by their ap- Preciation of the month, that It has ‘een maligned by these predictions a0d traditions, ‘The month is charm ‘83 and beautifal, 5 Evil in Small Tatk. ars enough small talk with tts ‘idoos insinuations in every idle Ee (” make candidates for the mad- What men ‘Say causes other men to ‘think. What men think determines Ser conduct. Given. the suggestion Set you are crazy the chances are Sct you ~vill elther resent it. strenv- Tey © negin to act a tittle queer. Aci then ove of your professed friends Mi come along and confide to yoo S300 are acting a Uttie uncer. Ite 3% wonder some folks go daly. Little Ms without foundation keep stirring Rear that even the angels could Straight. So the ouly) rem- %y Is to so tae Let folks fh. Take out the goof ‘and let the NM g0 where tt belong ° —————— i Half-wey Beine “Stine lived next door to Betty. See Mere constantly. tagesber QUocanty thelr mothers thought i on Seep them apart for «while = Ses Betty came in and sald: ~ Justine cant come over. Sa 1 gs over there” Re. cot totes.” her mothet anid: - as Me Be wil htm: the tones $08 visit” aid Batty, GREW FROM ROMAN. COLONY City and Fortress of Cologne Has Figured Prominently in the Pages of History. 4 fortress of the Gret rank, and a Place of trade and manufacture, Co- logne ts ove of the most Important cities tm Germany. It ties in a vast semicircle on the teft bank of the Rhine, some 45 miles porth-northwest ot Cobienz, and, as the center of @ net: work of railways, tt has direct com- ‘munication with all the chief cites of Gurope; whilst along the broad wa- ters of the Rhine tts ships may go down to the sea. At the time when Jultus Caesar was leading his legions over Gaul, In the Grst century before the Christian era, Cologne was the chief town of the Ubil, and was known to the Romans as the Oppidum Ubt- orum: Here, tm A. D. 50. a Roman colony was planted by the Emperor Claudius, tn honor of his wife, Agrip- pina, and given the name of Colonia Agrippina. It rapidly rose to be a place. of importance, and, ander the emperors, had the privilege of the Jur Italicum. ‘Then came the decline of the empire, and with tt the outlying Roman city began to feel more and more the pressure of the Frankish hosts, as they moved steadily west- ward. The city was taken by the Franks in 830, but they did not per manently occupy it until the fifth cen- tury, when, in 475, tt became the resi- dence of the Frankish king, Childeric. NOTHING TO WORRY ABOUT George Really Couldn't Get Interested Over Probable Loss of Another Person’s Boat. ‘They were tossing about on the wild and restless firth in a small open boat, at least a hundred feet from the beach. He was struggling maofully to battle with the surging waves and to pull for the shore; she was sitting tn a heap in the stern of the frail bark, holding on like grim death end mentally vowing that she would never again be tempted by her sweetheart’s @aring spirit to venture so far from land. “1 know we shall go over.” she Shrieked, a8 the boat gave another larch. “Oh, George, try and manage mr “I will,” replied he Grmly. “I could get along splendidly if the waves didn’t make It go all ways at once. Don't-be afraid, Sarah. We're getting nearer, aren't we?" “A Uttle. Oh, George, what shall we do if the boat is lost?” “Don't worry yourself about that. my dear,” said George soothingly. “You mustn't upset yourself about other people’s business. It isn't our boat.” And he continued to fight with the cruel, remorseless waves.—Rehoboth Sunday Herald. Prince of Writers of War. In Valenciennes there is a statue of Jean Froissart, prince of war cor- respondents, who was # native of the town. Froissart came {ato all the splendor of the medieval life of Val enciennes, the streets crowded with knights and soldiers, priests, artisans and merchants, and the churches and houses rich with stained glass ahd precious carvings. There were also festivals, masques, mummeries and moralities every year. Instigated by his seigneur, he set himself to write contemporary history. He could describe a battle more vividly than any of his contemporaries. He wanted to know everything; Ilked to get the story of a battle from both sides and many points of view, and wanted the details of every little cav- alry skirmish, every capture of a cas tle, every gallant action and brave deed. A good journalist, he forgot nothing. “I had.” he says, “thanks to God, sense, memory, good remem- brance of everything, and an intellect clear and keen to seize upon the facts which T could learn.” ‘Truth About the Desert. ‘The French, who have been the greatest explorers of the desert, have corrected many false ideas about the desert. The most conspicuous and persistent “of these errors has been the notion that the desert is a vast aren of sand. The French have proved that this is not so. In fact. only about a fifth of the Sabara ts covered with sand. ‘The greatest desert in the world is about as large as the United States and Alaska together. The sand areas in the desert are somewhat larger than Alaska; and the rocky table lands forming most of the desert are somewhat smaller than the United States. In other words. the Sahara ts made up of about 700,000 square miles of sand and 2,800,000 square miles of rock surface. Lawmaking Bodies. Any legisiative or lawmaking body may be called # congress or partie alent but different countries have dif- ferent names. France has 2 national assembly. with two houses called sen- ate and chember of deputies. Bel- gium bas senate and chamber of rep- resentatives; Spain has # cortes, with two houses, senate and congress; Deo- qart bes 2 rigsiag with upper house called tendthing end tower bouse folk- thing: fealy = parflament with senate and camers di Geputati, or chamber of deputies: Sweden a diet, with Grst chamber and second chamber. #1! the South Aimerican repubiles. being mod- eled on the government of the United States, bave 8 congress composed of two bodies, senste and chamber of éeputies. oo. Tr as sees, Important to Select Good Books, but Practically Anything te Better ‘Than Nothing. A teacher who had the real Interest Of her puplis at heart, and who took © genuine interest in them and thefr act{vitles after as well as during school ‘hours, was trying her best to reach # Particularly trying boy of about thir- teen years. He did not seew at all in- terested in his work or studies, and she wns attempting to discover just what he was Interested inand bow he Spent bis leigure time. Upon inquiry She found he was fond of taking long and solitary walks, although he dis- claimed any Interest in the beautiful or scientific tn oature, “But what do you do with yourself?” the teacher insisted. “What do you think about? You don't read very touch, do you” ‘The boy denied that he read, and as- Serted that when he was off alone that way be liked to think his own thoughts. I wonder what kind 6f thoughts that Poor boy occupied himself with? He never read, and he was apparently tm- Pervious to new Ideas of any sort. He was just content with his own empty thoughts—they must have been poor and stale and empty. for he never opened his mind to new ones, ‘The best and most efficient way to get Ideas ts by reading—and tt makes such a difference, therefore, what we read. But it Is decidedly better to read almost anything that comes to hand than nothing. at all. For (f one bas nothing Ip the mind at all, such pe- culiar things are bound to creep tn. Isn't It better to re-think the thoughts of fine men than to think your own mean little ones?}—Exctange. EXPLAINING FALL OF JERICHO Scientists Have Shown How Happen. ing at Which Many Have Scoffed Was Quite Possible. Many have refused to believe the biblical suggestion that the walls of Jericho fell down before the Israelites ‘3 a result of the sound caused by their shouts and the horns blown by the seven priests, Modern researches and discoveries {a regard to sound phenomena, how- ever, show that such biblical miracles could be reconciled with natural law. Vibration of sound is a thing the Possibilities of which we do not set understand. It is said.that one of the great tenor singers can break a wine- glass by singing into {ts keynote. The sub-bass of the pipe organ Is known to rack pews to pleces with {ts sympathetic note. ss The authentic story is told of an old fiddler who, angered by the work- men constructing the frst suspension bridge at Niagara, threatened to fiddle it down. Of course he was laughed rt, but, seating himself near the bridge he began to experiment with bis bass string. When he found the note that sulted him he sawed away on that note. The cables responded and soon the bridge was swaying {n an alarming fashion. If he had not been stopped he might have fulfilled his threat. In any case care was afterward exercised to pre- vent ® particle of vibration in the bridge. Frenchman Given Honor. ‘The first white man, as far as can be determined, to discover petroleum tn America was Joseph de la Roche D’alion, a French missionary who speaks of his discovery in a letter written 189 years ago. He bad crossed the Niagara river and made his way southward through western New York into northern Pennsylvania, where he found a spring from which ol! flowed. The off was highly esteemed by the Indians for medicinal uses. This old spring was probably Identical with one described by the Massachusetts Magazine in 1789, which speaks of “a creek called Oil creek, which issues from a*spring. on the top of which floats an ol! similar to that called Bar- bados tar. and from which one may gather several gallons a das.” The waters of this spring were supposed to give great relief from rheumatism and to possess many other healing qualities. es ‘The Teetee Fly. ‘The dreaded “tsetse fy (pronounced teet-se. accent on first syllable, whose vowel e has sbort sound. as In set) ts an African gadfis, about the size of a housefly." The symptoms of its victim are at first those ef a severe cold. The eyes, nose and mouth be gin to “run.” the body then swells ‘bile ermaciation sets in, although not always fatal. The harm done is found to be not the result of polson from the fly Itself. but communication to the blood of its victim of s microscopic parasite similar to that of Texas fe- ver which it has received from a dis. eased animal. Animals or persons that recover are usuafly immune. The great dread of this fy formerty enter- tained bes proved to be unjustified. Didn't Look tt. “What would you say,” asked the talr theosopbist. “if | should tell you et Aimensyen ee Rapes: hens (ew: sand years “why told the man addressed, “I should say you dos't look tt.”"—Bosten Evening Transcript. . . ‘Teo Qanecrem, “Bere’s 4 story sbout s firl who swallowed ® diamond ring.” “She was « very foolish gui & Giamood ring Is too rich for anybody's digestion.” ANCIENT. OLD TRADING POST About Fort Smith There Seems to Gather Ali the Romance of the “Bilent Places.” Of all the glamorous olf trading posts of the Hooorable Hurtson Ray ‘company, there Is none with more of the romance of the silent places about {t than Fort Smith. perched nbove the Rapids of the Drowned on the Slave river, writes “Niksab” in the Chicago Dally News. The Slave flows here from Lake Athabasca to Great Siave take, and half-way on its Journey. Just where the sixtieth parallel of north latitude divides the province of Al- berta from the Northwest Territory, It Passes Fort Smith. ‘The fort is set high abore the trou- bled waters several hundred feet up the steep, rocky bank. A fine spot for defense It was, to the early days, ‘but now that attacks are over it is an inconvenient location in spite of its picturesque qualities. All day long You can see those who are in the bib- Heal phrase “drawers of water” toll- ing up the steep path with yoked buck- ets over thelr shoulders—Indian wom- en and children, servants of the com- Pany, carrying every drop that is drunk, and whatever may be used for other purposes. It is no discredit to wash sparingly tn Fort Smith. One must needs have scant consideration for the value of human labor to do otherwise. All about the trading post are seat- tered the tepees of the Indians, wan- derers of the great woods, on thelr an: nual trading expedition. They bring with them the breath of the vast woods country; Its struggle has shaped their Uight-lipped mouths, its loneliness bas made their steady black eyes inscrut- able; its mystery has made their laugh a low, qulck bitten thing, like a laugh snatched In the shadow of terror. All these things the white woodsmen show even more strongly, with the quicker impressionability of finer clay. The northern woods runner is @ man apart. almost a separate species of the hu- man animal, shaped by the relentless Pressure of an Irresistible environ- ment. WHERE AMERICA WAS NAMED House Is Still Standing in Which Learned Men Awarded Voyager an Undeserved Honor. Many readers who keep scrap-books will be glad of this morsel of curious lore. On April 25, 1507, the learned heads of the University of St. Die, in Lor- raine, decided, incorrectly, that Amer- igo Vespucei was entitled to the honor of discovery, Christopher Columbus having only reached the islands of the West Indies, and that the western hemisphere should beat his name. The tame “America” was, as a matter of fact, first used In the book “Cosmog- taphiae Introductio,” by Martin Wald- ‘seemuller, professor of cosmography at the university. It has since been shown that Amer igo Vespucel was preceded by both Christopher Columbus and Joho Cabot. but it was too late—the new world had been dubbed “America.” and the fact advertised in print. The house where the meeting was held at which the classical error was made still stands at St. Die (Vosges), and is an- nually visited by many tourists, es- pecially those from beth North and South America. Hence the error of learned men ts responsible for America being named after Amerigo Vespucci, who was given an honor he clearly did not de- serve. Rule for Verse Writers. Free verse, says a efitic, is only 2 new way of printing rhythmic prose, such as that found In the Bible and in the serious writings of Thomas Brown and Robert Bacon. And as for print- ing it In verse form, William Blake produced verse whose effect to the eye is mueh the same as that of the most modern “vers lbrist.” In some mod- ern cases, however, it looks very much as If the poet were experimenting with the advice of Voltaire, who said to Helvetius: “Do sou wish an in- fallible role for verse? Here it Is: See If your thought. as you have writ- ten ft Im verse, Is beautiful in prose also.” Every Little Helps. Italy makes excellent use of her waste paper. It Is made into # cheap ‘and portable fuel for the soldiers. Boys and girls go about the citles collecting all the discarded newspapers they can find. These are brought to establishments where the sheets are converted by machinery into little tight rotls about an inch tn diameter ‘and two inches long, which are packed Into small bags and dispatched to the army. ‘This compressed paper fuel Is most convenient whenever an individual sol- Gier wishes to warm op 2 mugful of soup or coffee. At a Guess. An Sostructor in workshop arithme the, ete. to would-be air mechanics at 8 large camp in Engiand writes to say that the lack of knowledge of the most elementary arithmetic displayed by somé of tis charges 18 astounding. ‘As a typical instance, be relates that he ted no little trouble in convincing out young indo that there were 100 bundredths te an inch. He next asked his pupil bow many thousnodths be teckoned there would be Ip an inch, After gazing long and earnestly at his ruler. the youth answered: SPyear’ Shem vast be itogs of ‘em, BEST TREATMENT FOR “COLD” Inhalation of Steam Declared to Be a Remedy Superior to Adminis. ‘tration of Drugs. “What medicine may I give my baby when he bas a cold?” This is 2 ques- tion which is asked repeatedly. My answer ts, “None.” Not that the least sign of a cold should be lightly re- garded, but because there are other and better remedies than medicine. Most drugs given for colds upset the stomach, more or less, 80 much so that 2 few doses will seriously harm that organ; and when ap Infant's or small child's stomach and digestion are dis- turbed not enough nourishment ts re- tained to keep up the child's strength and combat the infection—for almost every so-called “cold” Is caused by a0 infectious germ. ‘The most sane and effectual method of treating children’s colds is by the inhaling of steam, plain or medicated, und by the application of mustard or some other equally good counterirri- tat. The steam lubricates and soothes the Irritated and inflamed passages which lead down into the lungs, as well as the air cells of the lungs them- selves. The mustard paste affords re- Wet by drawing the blood from the congested air cells in the lungs to the surface of the skin. Either one of these methods is more sure and acts more quickly In giving relief than any treatment with drugs, — Marianna Wheeler in People’s Home Journal. LONG BUSY PLACE OF TRADE For Centuries, as Today, All Eastern Roads and Caravan Routes Meet at Aleppo. From time immemorial Aleppo has deen a meeting piace of roads and caravan routes, alike from the West and from the uttermost East. Figura- Uvely and Uterally, all roads still, to- day, ‘0 Asin Minor, and from the South, lead to Aleppo, while in its greatest bazars is to be found mer chandise from the ends of the earth. Brass and silver work from India; Chinese tvories and porcelain; tac quered bowls from Japan ; carpets and rugs from everywhere where corpets and rugs are woven, from China to the Bosporus, and so on, almost indefinite ly. Nothing else, as one writer justly remarks, gives such anldea of Alep- po’s importance as one of the great clearing houses of the East as these enormous, unending, vaulted bazars, lined with shops and thronged with people. The grand bazar of Stambul is great of its kind, but the Aleppo bazar is altogether greater. “You may wander In it for a couple of hours and never seem to go over the same ground twice; always fresh ramifica- tions come into view and give a choice of fresh turnings to be taken.” Each One’s Success. One's success or failure is deter- mined largely by the manner in which the Individual spends his or her tel- sure. It seems that many of us are prone “to ride our hobbies” to the ul- timate. One plays cards every eve ning; another shoots balls on a green table; another is movie devotee, and some one else @ dance crank night after night. All these things are good or bad in proportion to the degree in which they rest us or Improve us. We peed a more harmonious development. It Is obvious that the supreme pur- pose of life is to have a goal ahead and to use every effort to attain the great objective. He or she who has found his or her work in the scheme of things 1s quite happy. We should devote our leisure time to the acquir ing of greater efficiency, with a certain amount of play and recreation to re fresh us. The pursuit of pleasure merely “to kill time” Is a mistake. Too much frivolity will make us satiated and blase. In this busy world. let us “get n the game” and use more team play tp the area of human activities. So, let us fit ourselves for greater effi- ciency and usefulness by a more dis- creet use of our leisure time.—Grit. a aaatiiel wiae A shrewd old countryman was being questioned by the vicar on his relig- lous tenets. He had heard the old man was a Baptist, atid although he had nothing to gay against the bellef of this sect he implied thet perhaps the established church was the better road to salvation. The old man, after lis- tening to the vicar’s fears on bis be- half, sald: “From this village to the market town there are three roads. There's the straight road along the valley, the old coach road over the hills and the sale road running along- side the park wall. When I get my wheat to the market town they don't say to me, ‘Hullo, John, which road did you come by? but ‘What's your wheat like?” 2 Start Cheerfuiness Within. Cheerfulness is bard work when It bas to sonk ip from the outside. A person may be surrounded by Innum- erable blessings snd yet wear a sioomy face, and keep 2 sullen beart, for it takes a long time for these ex- ternal benefits to Glter through to the springs of life and change the bitter waters to sweet. Cheerfulovss. to be easy and natural and spootancous, must start Inside. Inborn good cheer wilt transform all our surroundings much more reedily than our external blessings can transform our outlook oa x Valuable Gems “Do you think « person ought to put all bis eggs In one basket?” “Yes, And then lock the basket up im @ safe Geposit box.” ‘PAGE THREE ee BEFORE THE AGE OF STEAM Reminiscences of Time When the Stage Coach Was Most Important Method of Travel. “Tt was a bill village on the stage road midway between —- and —. stage roads tp the year 1840 varied with the from bed to worse. In the apeing thay were rivers of mpl through whieh the jaded horses dragged the coach wearlly; in the Summer the passengers were choked with dust, and tp the autumn, by rea- son of the ruts and holes in the road, they were tossed about lke dice In a box; in winter the roads were blocked witb snow, but the stage, when there was a stage, always came into our. village with a clatter of galloping horses and sounding born, Its round body, swung on leather straps, its gal- tant driver, Its four smoking horses and Its merry horns were followed by shouting boys, who swung from the straps of the boot or fell off in a cloud of dust. The stage driver was ® personage Ip every village that de- pended on bis arrival for the daily mall and the latest oews from the out- side world. He was gazed upon with awe by the children as a sort of hero of romance, who never worked, but drove galloping horses back and forth through @ perpetual holiday. He was ‘an expert with the reins whose repu- tation was counties wide. As he whirled up to the tavern porch, the leaders of bis team, which. it was whispered, had been sold to the stage company by the farmers because of thelr vicious tricks, walked around to the stable with drooping heads and foto their familiar stalls as soon as thelr traces were unhooked. as inno- cent-looking as if they had never kicked a farmer's boy or picked up a groom by the collar."—William Heary Shelton tn Century. SPEECH THAT “MADE” RILEY Incident in Early Life of Beloved in- diana Poet That is Well Worth Recalling. After many disappototments in for- tune, Jnmes Whitcomb Riley was em- ployed, at a few dollars a week, as writer on the Indianapolis Journal. Shortly after, Lije Halford, who was afterward private secretary to Presi- dent Harrison, came to the paper as managing editor. He decided to cut down expenses and began by discharg- ing Riley as bis first victim. The blow was a hard one for Riley, and he was @iscouraged and about ready to give up In despair. But « couple of days later there was a political convention fo the city and one of the men nomi- nated was a big fellow who bad never made a speech in bis life. He was called on to speak, and, shifting from one foot to the other in perfect agony for a moment.-he blarted out: “Gen- tlemen, I thank you for this oomina- ton. I can't make a speech, but I can tell you one thing: The ticket you've noniinated today ts goin’ to win ‘when the frost is on the punkin’ and the fodder’s in the shock. That speech took the house by storm and it was evident that the del- egates and the spectators had read this poem of Riley's which had ay Peared In the paper Just a few days before. The circumstance bronght the paper back to Riley's rescue. nnd bis first book. “The Old Swimmin' Hole and ‘Leven More Poems.” was pub- lished and made a great hit. The orig inal copy of this book receutly sold for 22500. Im the Land of Ancient History. Amman, mentioned In the Bible as Rabbah, the capital of Ammon, was taken by David after Uriah had fallen In the siege. It bas a station on the Hedjaz railway. The ruins of the old city are three miles from the line. tn a dreary valley, imposing in their des- olation and grandeur. ‘There ts @ citadel of huge. unce- mented stones, a theater of about 200 B.C, capable of seating 6.000 spec- tators, which is stil! one of the most striking antiquities in Syria, a street of columns of whieh a few still re main. aod public baths. The river. remarkably full of tittle fish, is banked in by ancient masonry and {ts bed was once completely paved. ° Sead Crete, The pig and not the ox. it appears, fs the most efficient food producer, though al! animals show @ large loss ip trausforming vegetable products into meat. Gouin and Andouard stated to the French Academy of Agri- culture that the pig returos as pork about 25 per cent of tts food, while the ox eats at least eight pounds of vegetables to make one pound of meat, and with other domestic beasts the Joss is about 85 per cent. The ben may sleld 15 per cent of its corn. as; eggx and the milch cow does » little better with a return of milk equal to 20 per cent of its food—Newark News. Ss Famous Japanese Shrine. ‘The golden temple. one of the most famous of Japanese shrines. is sur- rounded by a garden which bas been growing for centuries. So artistically bas bis work been dove that the arti- Gices of the gardener are aot very Pronounced, with the noticeable ex ception of the great old pine tree, which grows In a court surrounded Sane nena It ts trated in ote : For ceaturies the pred be deter byte 3 HON. PAU One of the most popular and well make an ideal Republican candidate U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Information and Education Service Educational Division, Washington M. HON. PAUL A. HAZARD One of the most popular and well known lawyers in Chicago, who would make an ideal Republican candidate for judge of the Municipal Court. Industrial Conditions in Ohio Charles E. Hall, Supervisor of Negro Economics for Ohio, in a carefully prepared report to Dr. George E. Haynes, Director of Negro Economics, says that the Negro wage earners of Ohio are faring well in the industrial readjustment and labor change due to the suspension of war operations in Europe. Mr. Hall's report is based on his own first-hand knowledge and work, and information obtained through the State and County Negro Workers' Advisory Committees from every section of Ohio where there are any numbers of Negro workers. It shows that only three counties of the state have any extensive unemployment. One of these probably will soon take care of its workers since many of its large factories are rapidly changing over from war to peace work. Conditions in another of these counties, in which Cincinnati is situated, are not likely to change soon, due to the fact that Cincinnati, as a gateway connecting the South and North, has had for several years a surplus of unemployed Negroes. The outlook in the third county is not very promising and yet the flood protection project there will be able to use large numbers of Negro workmen for whom houses are available. Much of the success in Ohio is due to the hearty co-operation of the Associate Director of the Employment Service for Ohio, Mr. C. H. Mayhugh, who several times sent out from his office the following statement: "This office finds it necessary again to call the attention of superintendents and clerks of the various employment offices in Ohio to the fact that all cases are to be handled strictly from a neutral standpoint, that color, religion, politics, union or non-union issues are not to be entered into, and all must be treated with the same degree of consideration. "Superintendents are expected to again instruct members of their force regarding this matter, so that no unfavorable reports will reach this office in the future." It seems that the industries in the communities of Cleveland, Columbus, Youngstown, Akron, Canton, Lima, Delaware, Greenfield, Steubenville, Zanceville, Chillicothe, Sandusky, Portsmouth, Marietta and Ironton either have been able or will be --- PAGE FOUR able to absorb men released from war work or men who for-other cause may be idle. Iron and steel mills, paper mills and several other lines of industry are offering openings to Negro men and women. In Akron-and Youngstown housing conditions are inadequate. In Lima it seems that the housing conditions have been improved. "Organization work in Ohio is going rapidly," says Dr. Hall. "Twenty three organizations of carefully selected county, committee men, who, with the thirty members of the State Negro Workers' Advisory Committee, constitute a splendid work and advisory force of women and men; all of whom are alive to the situation, and who have been convinced by the happenings of the past two years, of the absolute necessity of having an organization that can function through the Department of Labor, and will, through officials, reach both employers and employees." In Butler county the Negro Workers Advisory Committee has placed in a paper mill some of the laborers cut off from the American Rolling Mills. In Allen county the Swift Packing Company has recently given employment to Negro men and women who are making good. In Mahoning county, an increasing number of stores is giving employment to Negro girls as elevator operators and to male truck drivers. In Zanesville the County Negro Workers' Advisory Committee has just placed fifteen girls in local factories. Other county committees are busy working on large labor problems. Amicable relations with white workers exist in all of the industries in which Negro workers are engaged, says the report. NEGRO WHO RECALLED Detroit, Mich.—(Special to The Broad Ax)—Henry Banks, born a slave on a Virginia plantation in 1789, is dead at his cabin at Paw, where he lived as a hermit. He remembered a visit by President Washington to his masters home, and Lafayette's tour of the United States in 1824 was fresh in his memory. He was cared for in his last years by a grand-daughter, now 70 years old. Mrs. Blanche Lett of Buffalo, N. Y., has been visiting her father, James B. Newsome, 280 W. 30th st. She returned to her home in Buffalo Thursday morning. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO; JANUARY 4, 1919 ADDRESS TO THE COUNTRY AND THE WORLD Adopted by the National Colored Congress for World Democracy Under the Auspices of the National Equal Rights League at Washington, D. C. Colored America, through delegates assembled from 37 of the United States of America, sore and bleeding with persecution because of race and color, hails with hope peace with victory, for the motto on the banners of their armies of the victors was "Away with tyranny and its injustice everywhere." Speaking for 15,000,000 Colored Americans, the National Colored Representative Assembly for World Democracy under the auspices of the National Equal Rights League congratulate their fellow Countrymen and their government on being the instrument by which the God of righteousness turned the tide of battle for the forces of liberty. War put on world basis as to the results. Two hemispheres and the islands of two oceans furnished without regard to race or color the armies of this bloody and terrible war. Shameful it would be if its close did not mark a new humane era. To the President of our Republic, Commander-in-Chief of our army and navy it was given to name the principles on which the winners fought this war, and its purpose. By his declaration, accepted by France, Britain and the rest openly before the human race, the principles and the aim of this war were put upon a world basis. Secondly these principles and aims were for the wiping out of autocracy, inhumanity and injustice, and for the establishment of world justice, world humanity and world democracy. Wrongs to Individual on World Basis for Redress With the ushering in of the new year, 1919, the nations of the world are assembled to settle the terms of peace for the world, for the establishment everywhere of the principles for which this world war was waged by the forces of democracy. Therefore every denial or violation of justice, humanity and democracy has become a matter FOR CORRECTION AND ABROGATION ON A WORLD BASIS BY A WORLD COURT. Hence Colored America, which furnished 400,000 brave soldiers for this war, backed by over 14,000,000 loyal citizens soldiers without a traitor, appeals to the allied World for Justice and Democracy in the peace settlement. Utterly Undemocratic Treatment of Colored U. S. A. Citizens by law of the United States of America, the famous republic of the west, we first appeal to the civilized world for the discontinuance of all race or class discrimination in the world settlement. At this supreme moment in the cause of universal humanity, when wrongs to man should be banished, we must call world attention to the utterly undemocratic conditions under which every person of color is forced to live in this country. Because of race autocracy, our color in the nation's capital deprives us of every civil right except in public carriers and restriction of the Ghetto as employees of the federal government. Otherwise our color in many parts of the subjects us to rejection or to the country deprives us of every civil, political, social and judicial right; subjects us to obloquy, imposition, deprivations, injustices, cruelties, atrocities worse in degree than exist anywhere else in Christendom. Segregation in public carriers, disfranchisement, lynching are essentially violations of that world democracy for which the war was fought. Self-determination for Darker Nations That the tremendous material and appalling human losses of this world war may not be without result for rights without discrimination to all good, we appeal to the peace conclave to grant self-determination and of the darker nations. The Appeal Sent By Race Petitioners for Universal Abolition of Color Prescription On our part we shall send race petitioners to the assembly of the representatives of the civilized world meeting to make good the promise of the victors in the world war, to petition for the abolition of autocracy of race against Colored persons everywhere, and to appeal to this world court for the discontinuance of color proscription and all distinctions based on color, civic, political and judicial IN EVERY NATION AS AN ARTICLE OF THE PEACE AGREEMENT, and that the world may be remade truly on the basis of the liberation of the people of the earth and of the enjoyment by every human being of world democracy. Else There is No New Day For without this there will not be the dawning of a new day for democracy, nor of a new era of permanent peace after the most terrible and gigantic war ever known, embracing two hemispheres in a death grapple between the forces of autocracy and democracy. The Committee on Address William M. Trotter, Mass., chair- man; Rev. P. C. James, N. J.; Dr. W. T. Coleman, Md.; Rev. M. L. Johnson, Ark.; G. W. Goode, Va. Rev. W. L. Gibbons, Miss.; Atty. A. A. H. Caldwell, Ind.; Rev. J. U. King, Del.; Mrs. Ida Wells, Barnett, Ill. Dr. F. A. Walker, La.; Dr. A. Porter Davis, Kan.; Rev. W. D. Carter, Wash. State; Dr. C. S. Long, Fla. R. W. Westberry, S. C.; J. W. Ross, Minn.; Bishop G. C. Clements, Ky; Atty. J. D. Ellis, W. Va.; Rev. C. V. Page, Mo.; Rev. Thomas W. Davis, Tenn.; Prof. L. B. Cash, Texas; W. C. Brown, D. C.; Dr. R. H. Singleton, Ga.; Rev. R. A. Whitaker, Okla. Hon. Isaac B. Allen, N. Y.; R. B. James, Mich.; G. W. Boyer, Ohio; Bishop J. S. Caldwell, Penn., Sec. Rev. J. C. McDaniels, N. Y.; Rev. H. H. Jackson, N. C.; Rev. John V. Goodgame. PEACE PETITIONERS ELECTED TO REPRESENT CAUSE FOR COLORED AMERICA Race Ordered to Send Contributions at Once for Delegates' Expenses to Thomas Walker, Treas., 506 Fifth Street, N. W., Washington, D. C. The following delegates were elected yesterday to present the appeal of Colored Americans for world democracy at Versailles: Rev. M. A. N. Shaw, Boston, Mass.; Col. N. S. Taylor, Greenville, Miss. Rev. R. H. Singleton, Atlanta, Ga.; Rev. W. T. Johnson, Richmond, Va.; Bishop L. W. Kyles, St. Louis, Mo.; Rev. J. R. Ransom, Wichita, Kan.; William Trotter, Boston, Mass., executive secretary; Mme. Ida B. Wells Barnett, Chicago, Ill.; Mme. C. J. Walker, New York City; Rev. William T. Carter, Seattle, Wash.; Rev. D. S. Klugh of Boston. These delegates are to unite with all other Colored delegates going to France in the conference of the darker races of the world in Paris. TWO NEGROES 'CONFESS' TO $25,000 RECENT BOOKERIES TWO NEGROES CONFESS TO $25,000 RECENT ROBBERIES Two young Negroes confessed Tuesday they had committed more than fifty recent burglaries and made off with loot valued at $25,000. Of this probably $15,000 worth was recovered. The men are Walter Edwards, 19 years old, 3228 South Wabash avenue, and Charles Hutchinson, 20, 3711 South State street. Hattie Flower, 20 years old, 120 East Forty-first street, said to have been a fence for the men, was also arrested. Among the homes robbed is that of Charles A. Comiskey. ATTORNEY PATRICK H. O'DONNELL for er- ble m- th oc- One of Chicago's most eminent lawyer cipation oration at Quinn Chapo HOW MUCH IS A MAN WORTH FROM A SCIENTIFIC POINT? One of Chicago's most eminent lawyers, who delivered the principal Encipation oration at Quinn Chapel on New Years Evening. What is a man? How much is he worth from a scientific point? According to one way of looking at it, a man is worth about $2.50 a day from his shoulders down, and anywhere from $50,000 up to $1,000,000 a year from his shoulders up. This may be said to be the estimate of the average successful business man. The scientist, however, looks at the question from another angle. According to him a man is worth $2.45 for illuminating purposes, since a man weighing 150 pounds contains about 3,500 cubic feet of oxygen, hydrogen and nitrogen in his constitution which at 70 cents per 1,000 cubic feet equals the price above. Also a man contains enough carbon to make 9,360 lead pencils; enough phosphorus to make 8,000,000 matches, or enough water to fill a thirty-eight quart reservoir. Furthermore it makes no difference how sour a man looks, he contains about sixty lumps of sugar, a great deal of starch chloride of potash, magnesium, sulphur and hydrochloric acid in his system. There are fifty grains of iron in the blood of an ordinary man, enough to make one large spike, large enough to hold his weight. What is a man? This is the somewhat cynical answer of one scientific man. "Break the shells of 1,000 eggs and you have the ingredients from which to form him from his toenails to the most delicate tissues of his brain.—Exchange. LYNCHING RECORD FOR 1918 Tuskegee Institute, Ala. Dec. 31, 1918. Julius F. Taylor, Chicago, Ill. Dear Sir—I send you the following relative to lynchings for the year: According to the records compiled by Monroe N. Work, in charge of records and research of the Tuskegee Institute, there were 62 lynchings in 1918. This was 24 more than the number, 38, for the year 1917. Of those lynched, 58 were Negroes and 4 were Whites. Five of those put to death were women. Sixteen, or a little more than one-fourth of those put to death, were charged with rape or attempted rape. Whites lynched were murder, 2; being disloyal. 2. The offenses charged against the Negroes were: Alleged complicity in murder, 14; murder, 7; charged with threats to kill, 6; charged with rape, 10; charged with attempted rape, 6; alleged participation in fight about alleged hog stealing, 3; killing officer of the law, 2; being intimate with woman, 1; assisting man charged with murder to escape, 1; robbing house and frightening women, 1; killing man in dispute about automobile wyers, who delivered the principal Emma apel on New Years Evening. I IT? he ing repairs, 1; making unwise remarks 1; making unruly remarks, 1; killing landlord in dispute over a farm con- tract, 1; assault with intent to ma- der, 1; wounding another, 1; mib- bery and resisting arrest, 1. The states in which lynchings are curred, and the number in each state are as follows: Alabama, 3; Arkansas 2; California, 1; Florida, 2; Georgia 18; Illinois, 1; Kentucky, 1; Louisiana, 9; Mississippi, 6; North Carolina, 2; Oklahoma, 1; South Carolina 1; Tennessee, 4; Texas, 9; Virginia 1; Wyoming, 1. Very truly yours, ROBT. R. MOTON, Principi The following statement and tale of figures showing the number of people lynched in this country each year from 1885 down to the present time, most of them being Colored are from the Chicago Tribune Dec. 31, 1918: The number of lynchings in 1918 shows a considerable increase, being 63 as compared with 34 in 1917. The subjoined table, showing the annual number during the last 33 years, will be of interest to those who are making a special study of the subject and especially as the evil is being quite generally investigated in the south, as well as the north, since the public statement made by President Wilson: ? 1885 ..... 184 1902 ..... 90 r 1886 ..... 138 1903 ..... 100 s 1887 ..... 122 1904 ..... 87 s 1888 ..... 142 1905 ..... 60 n 1889 ..... 176 1906 ..... 60 - 1890 ..... 127 1907 ..... 60 f 1891 ..... 191 1908 ..... 100 1892 ..... 205 1909 ..... 87 1893 ..... 200 1910 ..... 70 B 1894 ..... 190 1911 ..... 71 1895 ..... 171 1912 ..... 60 1896 ..... 131 1913 ..... 48 1897 ..... 106 1914 ..... 54 1898 ..... 127 1915 ..... 90 1899 ..... 107 1916 ..... 50 1900 ..... 115 1917 ..... 34 1901 ..... 130 1918 ..... 68 The above figures tend to prove that while the Colored soldiers have been bravely fighting to establish a world-wide democracy, that Judge Lynch and his followers have been busy in mobbing, lynching and burning Colored men and women and little children at the stake in America. —Editor. NEGRO, OVED 100. "JINES (Special to The Broad Ax) Atlanta, Ga.—Will Wright, a Negro over 100 years old, was a witness recently in the divorce court of Atlanta, testifying on behalf of his great grand-daughter, who was seeking alimony. Wright, who was known along in 1848 as "Fiddler Bill," declared on the stand that, although he had "called" at many a dance in the old days, he "hadn't fiddled any since 1866, when he had 'jined de chu'ch.'" ee ee eos a ha or. = = r i& 7 y i iz, i, = ee | J r' : HON. JOHN E. OWENS 2 Ex.judge of the County Court, eminent and popular lawyer, who would make a splendid Democratic candidate, for judge of the Superior Court. It is a mistake not to give the growing child a ration of milk with each meal of the day. And along with this there should be in proper Proportion those articles of food that go to make up what may be called a well chosen diet. Experience has taught us that ho- man beings thrive best on what is commonly called a mixed diet of animal and vegetable foods. It is from’ a diet of this kind that the body can most readily obtain the ma- terials it needs for growth and re- pair of waste. The common foods which contain ‘and, therefore, will supply the neces- ‘sary food elements, are as follows: Fruits and Vegetables—These in- clude apples, berries, bananas, oranges, etc., spinach, turnips, toma- toes, melons, cabbage, green beans, peas, green eorn, and many others. These supply the minerals needed for building the body and for keep- ing it in good working condition; they also supply needed acids which pre- vent constitpation dnd serve other useful purposes. Meats and Meat Substitutes—Are the foods rich in protein. They in- clude moderately fat meats, milk, poultry, fish, eggs, dried beans or peas, and some of the nuts. They. provide body building material, Cereals—These are rich in the starches or fat producing material and come near to being complete, foods: “However, it would not, be either--wise or safe to live exchusive- ly on-wheat, rice, barley, eats and corn all the time. Potatoes and sweet potatoes are also in this. class. — ‘Foods Rich in Fate—Bacon, salt pork, butter, oil, suet, lard, cream, etc. While there are rich in fats, they ate not fat produing, but are heat producing foods. ‘They, are more important sourees of body fuel, used in moderate portoins add both richness and flavor to dishes that ‘The important thing, ‘however, is variety both in the selection of foods served and in the manner of their preparation. Potatoes, for example, are an excellent food and really eaten and enjoyed because they may be served in so many ways. If rice! is on your bill of fare with mest fruit, either fresh or cooked canned, potatoes should be You will get your supply of starch really belong: in ‘more than-one type: wisn. Prom rtm wo eS , ee ea THE CHILDREN’S BUREAU, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Jan. 3, 1919, That the new national conscious ness of children’s needs developed by dildren's year has began to show permanent results is indicated in the mnual report of the Chidren’s Bu rean, U. S. Department of Labor, hes en made pe. anpaign was inaugurated with the beginning of the second year of the war in an effort to save babies’ lives and to raise the standards for the health, education, and work of older children. ‘The work has been done in co-operation with the child welfare committees of the Couneil of Ne tional Defense. “It is impossible,” Miss Julia C. Lathrop, chief of the Children’s Bureau, writes, “to speak with too much appreciation of the power of this great body of volun- teers.” Between six and seven million chil dren have been weighed and meas. ured. Many local committees have succeeded in providing follow-up measures to help parents in their en- deavors to remedy defects which the tests have revealed. Scientifie diets have been prescribed for many of the cated that they were undernourished. In a number of places publie funds have been appropriated for perms- tent work for children as a result of the children's year, and inany health centers, prenatal clinics, traveling inics, and like measures for the bet- ter care of children have heen estab- lished. Through the weighing and meaur- ing tests, the report points out, gen- eal attention has for the first time been drawn to the needs of the child of pre-school age, long known as the “neglected age.” The claims of in- fants and the needs of mothers for better prenatal and confinement care have -been given wide publicity by local committees working for s healthier childhood. The older children have been giv- © special attention, In order to ‘lord older children opportunity to Sree their physical development, Mert of the recreation drive, held wat Davscaleficieney were made summer. The drive included any other features, planned with ‘ke purpose of giving boys and gicle “chance to develop wholesome inter- ‘ts and play under healthy, decent ‘sonditions. ae The present drive of childeen’s 2 back-to-school a i ow going forward in psix ‘ates, and is an effort te get elst of industry and hack SpE: Yemng boys and gic whe Ie bea Af war conditions, <2 pees FEEDING THE CHILD. ____ “THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, JANUAI SS ‘wubstances for which they are eape-| shaw, is ong of the leading Col clally valuable. . teed abled was Mothers who are interested in the —— care and feeding of children may| The Women's Second Ward | ‘ebtain the publications on this and| nanent Republican Club, Mrs. Be kindred subjects by addressing Miss} Montgomery, President; held a Julia C. Lathrop, chief of the Chil-| ightful reception, New Years’ af ren’s Bureau, U. S. Department .of| 200n and evening at their headqu Labor, Washington, D. C. ars, 8081 S. State street. Choice Indoor air is rendered impure by| ‘reshments were secrved and | the people who breathe it. It is also/ Wontgomery and the other ladies further made impure and dangerous| isting her smilingly received 1 by dust, gases and smoke and by| -han two-hundred visitors who!ea iluminartts, such as open air gas| inring those hours. burners. These can be overcome by si admitting fresh outside air all the} Charles E. Morrison, special 1 time. senger to Mayor William Many parents have yet to learn| Thompson, has become some weal that to deprive their children of freth| prophet. Several days before Ch air is quite as dangerous as to de-| mas a crowd of newspaper men prive them of sufficient food. Politicians gathered around P ————_—_———_ | Morrison on the fifth floor of City Hall and they wanted to k SERVES FREE TURKEY DINNER| Witt kind of weather he propose Dr. H. Franklin Bray, superin- tendent of the Sunshine Rescue Mis- sion, the only place in this great city where the doors never close and where religious services are held ev- ery night for our race, retufned to the city from St, Paul, Minn., on Christmas Eve, and, with a commit- tee of the Mission, served dinner all day Christmas to the aged and neg. lected. At night a Christmas tree for those who other wise would have had no Christmas tree, was burdened with presents for the “overlooked.” Tt was a great day for the poor and needy and a great day for the Sunshine Rescue Mission. Dr. Braj will remain in the city two week before leaving for his next revival campaign and will deliver his New ‘Year's sermon at the mission on Sun. ‘day night—“C.” BETHEL LITERARY SOCIETY ‘The Emancipation celebration and & great peace meeting will be held in Bethel A. M. S. church at 30th and Dearborn streets, Tuesday eve- ning, Jan. 7, at 8 o'clock, under the auspices of Bethel Literary Society. The principal speakers will be Con- gressman Madden and Hon. John G. Drennan, of the Ill. Cent. R. R. Co. Realizing that it is impossible for the Colored people to have represen- tatives at the peace conference, we deem it was to draw up such resolu- tions as will guarantee the rights of justice and equality before the law, these resolutions to be placed in the hands of some delegate who will be present at the international peace conference. Short addresses will be delivered by Col. Denison, Rev. W. D. Cook, and Attorney Walter M. Farmer. Special music will be furnished by Prof. Jas. A. Mundy’s famous mixed quartette. Bishop Fallows will pre- side. Sandy W. Trice, President, Walter M. Farmer, Chairman, Rev. W. D. Cook, Pastor, Mr. J. W. Bell, Secretary. Mrs. Della Lewis, 5400 South Park svenve, has been confined to her home the past week with a severe at- tak of indigestion. | Mrs. Bettie Ray of St. Louis, Mo., spent the holidays in this city at the beautifal home of her sister, Mrs. ‘Carrie Warner, 3822 Calumet avenue. ’ Attorney Francis Warren of De- troit, Mich. syent New Year's day in Chieago and was the guest of Mr. and Mrs. 8.A.T. Watkins, 3832 Calu- met avenue. Dr. and Mrs. Robert R. Moton o Tuskegee Institute, Ala, Attorney and Mrs. A. A. Lowry of Pontiac, HL, Lewyer and Mrs. Walter M. Farmer © Mrs. John B Hart and Miss Nellie Callaway are among those who forwarded Chnetmas cards to the editor of this paper. Mrs. P. W. Upshaw, 29€2 La Salle street, has been spending the heli- days visiting with her brother, sister and other relatives at Camden, Mo., there. . Her bosband, Mr. P. W. Up- to ees wae ‘Deneen in Chicago. The Women’s Second Ward per manent Republican Club, Mrs. Bertha Montgomery, President; held a de- ightful reception, New Years’ after- a0o0n and evening at their headquart- ars, 8081 S. State street. Choice re- treshments were secrved and Mrs. Montgomery and the other ladies as- sisting her smilingly received more chan two-hundred visitors who’ called Juring those hours. Charles E. Morrison, special mes- senger to Mayor William Hale Thompson, has become some weather prophet. Several days before Christ. mas a crowd of newspaper men and Politicians gathered around Prof. Morrison on the fifth floor of the City Hall and they wanted to know what kind of weather he proposed to give us for Christmas and, after look- ing wise for a few minutes, he pulled out his rabbit foot from his vest pocket and after fumbling it, he de- clared that we would have plenty of snow for Christmas, and when that disappeared after Christmas he predicted that we would have more snow and cold weather for New Year's. Proi. Morrison has acquired a national reputation as a wis weather prophet. Rov Ment of Faris, The Pins tel: Sanconte ts almas tiers the heret of Paris tun the Plat Qe Tne, In it the famons Rue de voll onts end ths Champs Blysees being, is fe rhe iene termination of the Grandes Ronlevardes, for Porist ans owisitor the Rne Roynte ax part of that celebrated chain of wide cafe fined sircets. It < one of_the mos fmpertent and by far the most beau tifa) of tie ianny “places” from whict the main strects of Paris radiate Uses for Taps. ‘One of the most convenient agents of the handy bex fs a roll of adhesive tape. A stall piece of it on the bot tom of # thin sole will add consider ably to the endurance of a pair of shoes. A linen window shade that has started to tear will be prevented from doing so further by a narrow strip of the tape pressed over the tear. A torn bathing cap may be made seaworthy by ft. = ii Sl ee ‘The family was at breakfast, and among other things they had haré dolled eggs. The bald-headed papa turned to his two-year-old child and sald: “Elizabeth, how do you wish your egg this morning?” She looked at the egg and then at her father and sald: “I des I'll thke it bald-headed, papa.” Cleaning Aluminum. Aluminum articles are very difficult to clean so that they will have a bright appearance. This is particularly the case with matted or frosted ware. Te restore the pieces to brilliancy, you should place them for some time in water that has been slightly acidw lated with sulphuric acid. Spectacies on Potato. A spectacied potato has been lifted by an allotment holder on the Trede- gar estate at Newport, Monmouth, England. The bridge of the spectacies rests across the middle of the potato, tm which it is embedded. The glasses are unbroken. but the steel frame, also ‘unbroken, has rusted. fine a a Frequently a woman worries a great deal over the question of calling on an- other woman who doesn't care in the least whether she calls or not—Bos ton Transcript. Nope, They Wen’t De. Said the facetious feller: “Young! married people are fond of calling each other pet names, but who ever heard ‘em use Fide and Tabby?” Uncie Eben. “De truth ain't allus easy to git at.” said Uncie Eben. “A man kin some times say sumpin’ in half a minute dat he can't explain in five years.” Imposatbie, “I want you to know,” bellowed the Thiel an! “Bare aa oa you om! Bot,” replied his friend. “Zou couldn't be.” _ Peat lean insulator. Compressed peat is belng developed eet ae meen sulating ulo State Journal, aS, ps 5 Masterpieces haye never been pro uced hy men who have had no mas ters—Heary J. van Dyfe. __ Optimistic Thought. _ The stingy man loves to give advices} ‘DP costs atthing. - 1 a ob 2 o é : HON. EDWARD D. GREEN Ex-member of the Legislature of Illinois from the first Senatorial District of Ilinois; who'will return shortly from Hot Springs, Ark., and plunge inte the hot aldermanic contest in the Second Ward. Destroyed Builders? Bille. Nobody ever will know how much| — Explaining Cities Destruction, the great palace of Versailles cost Modern science has explained masy France under the reign of its builder, | ancient mysteries, and a recent sug- Louis XIV. Louis became badly scared | gestion is that outbursts of natural oll when he received the bills, because he | have produced such catastrophes 9s had heard a good deal about some dis-| that of Sodom and Gomorrah in the turbers who were whispering that even | vale of Siddim. In the northern Cau- a king had no right to spend so much | casus an eruption occurred in August, money for a palace to house his friends | 1895, in which 50,000 tons of oil were when the nation over which he ruled | discharged in the first three days. At was starving. So Louis did what many | the San Diego oil field in Mexico = a purchaser of expensive hats has| great outburst from a newly bored done since—tore up the bills and bern-| well in July, 1908, caught fire, and re- ed them before anybody could look | sisted all control for 58 days, the ‘them over. fountain of flames rising 500 yards, If you're a good citizen you will be more concerned about your contribu- tion to the world than you will be about what the world thinks about it It's the fellow who can forget what the world may think, in the desire to give the world the best. who really de- serves praise. Forget the unkind words and dismiss the slichting acts of people about you. Cansor all that you heer for the geod that’s in it and Profit by the result. You will be far more comfortable and the world will hear Trom sou. Memorial to Fallen Horses. In Japan is a tall stoue monument erected ax x memorial to the horses killed in the Russian-Jépanese war. It stands in the public park of the town of Sano in the Tochigi prefecture. A Photograph of the townsfolk gathered about it shows the headman of the district attired in a Prince Albert cont. General Viscount Oshima, one of the heroes of the war, wrote the principal inscription, from which It spears that 2,200 horses from the county and vi cinity aré so remembered. Rest Bdesinn of Bunrecsion. “Don't care a fig” is one of the com- monest of expressions, but It isn't cor- rect and means little, whereas the original has some real meaning: “Don't care 2 fico.” -The word fico in used by. Shakespeare and is’ Ro- man word meaning = contemptuous snapping of the fingers. > +Gréatnewe in the aggregation of mi- nutenesn; oor can ite sublimity be felt truthfully by any mind unaceus- tomed to the affectionate watching of what ts least.—Ruskin. Paraffin Replaces Oil. 2-Paraffin’ for viling wood-working tools.is preferable to oll or grease. It costs little, is easily applied, and’ may be. carried ip one’s. pocket unpro- tected. ‘) Said the ngar cynic: “When s man fe alluded to 28 2 poor fish he may be Sa ee ce 5. Ste one him.” o> ‘What, makes the Dead sea dead? Because it is all the time receiving, ‘Rever. giving out anything—D. L. =. ; “By Way of Explanation. ‘No, “Cartie, the expressfon “piping ‘times of peace” has nothing to do with moking the peace pipe. De you know that great light bills from little giass bulbs grow? A little wind kindles, much pats out the fire.—Herbert. en Good Advice. * Greatness. ‘Sport. Gettine and Givies. Current Cree Selle Theockt. Silvered plate glass with beveled edges. sometimes with little figures cut ‘on the surfaces in intaglio, were first made in Venice. For many years these mirzors were of small dimensions, five feet being the largest. Indeed, till iate in the seventeenth century large look- ing glasses were made up of several separate pieces. the divisions between the plates being covered by subordi- nate lengths of gilt moldings within the general frame. Louis XV covered the walls of his great Salle at Ver sailles with looking-glass panels. Married Men, Read This. A transtator of the Bible into the New Guinea tongue wanted a proper idiom for the phrase, “Far be it from me to do this thing.” He consulted a learned native, who replied, “I under- stand. We have the precise idiom; we say: “May I speak to my motherin- law before I will do this thing.” ‘That sounded rather like a joke to the trans- lator, but {t wasn’t, for in that land of strange taboos, one of the unpardon- able sins is for a man to open his lips to his wife's mother—Boston Trans- ertpt. —_——_ ' Messina Mande in Shase w For the man who does the work about his own ear and yet does not care to have hands look like a garage mechanic's, the foMowing is valuable: Four atces of grain alcohol, three ounces of efycerin ‘and three ounces of water, shaken ap in a hottie. ff this liquid is applied to the hands be- fore begiuning Werk. a good wxshing with soup and water afterward re Moves all traces of the labor. Another One Settled. ~ Yes, Ettie. it ix perfectly proper for a gentleman to remove hie hat on entering a house. A great many hus- bands have pecome confused on this point, it appears, as they will often- times remove their shoes on entering their homes, espectally if the hour be ‘rather late. This, of course, is a con- servation measure of questionable value—Indianapelis Star. One Cuttlefish Handicapped. ‘There is one unfortunate specimen of cuttlefish, Nautilus, which cannot produce the smokecioud, but all the other species are able to do so by the ‘imple process of discharging the com tents of their inkbags The result is (€ dense, impenetrable cioud of sepla, ‘under cover of which they have little @ifficulty in effecting their escape. Contradictory Camel. As far back as history records, cam- is have been domestic animals, but Bo one familiar with camels ever enter- tains the least affection for them. The poison of all other beasts is the cam e's food. It pines and wastes In fat meadows, but grows fat, powerful and savagely independent among alkalt- crusted sands . PAGE FIVE = = : é — - ee ne eee a. u Per eee ne i Pe S Se ee s ee ae = Sey o = ™ ” “t + rent OAD AX. CHICAGO. JANUARY 4, 1919 = — af 5 acd i; | Roce) | i | Pen in i Son AN | Lap eee \NGGE | ese oN Ne BRO Was NE ee ~ SSX. 5 V-shaped decolietage in back of a black velvet evening gown which is cut high in front. This idea is worked out in many types of gowns, even those for street. Delta decolletage shown in new brocade evening gown in white and gold. This neckline originated in the Elizabethan dave Women Must Catch Ideas Quick- ly or They Will Be Lacking in Fashion. NEW DECOLLETAGE IN VOGUE Quéen Elizabeth and Queen Anne Are ‘Sponsors for the Neckline Now in Favor—Delta Becoming for Evening Wear. ‘New York.—It ts time to change a few things in women's apparel, asserts & prominent fashion authority. Wom- em are leaping from uniforms tnto medieval gowns of gold, and crystal, ‘and tulle in brilliant colors, and into qmashing furs and red street apparel. ‘There aie significant changes work- ing up from the ground. There is the new deeolletage which was prophesied fm this department weeks ago and which is coming into view as smart women exploit it. Half 2 dozen new ways of cutting the neckline have leaped into existence and a dozen new collars claim the blue ribbon of ex- cellence. No matter whether we dress ulfferently about the hips and feet, we are dressing decidedly differently ‘about the neck and even the wrists. Tt is in these significant changes that the great mass of women are in- terested who do not feel that they can afford entirely new gowns for the mid- season. . ‘The artist who said that all changes 4n fashions for women consisted in the placement of the bulge, or the ab- sence of it, should have added that the open spaces in costumes were second im importance. Gut to the bone, there is no doubt ‘that he was right. The contour is the thing. It is where a garment goes fm or out that determines its fash- fon. Few women there are who are brave enough to go against the contour of the hour, even though it may not suggest the best there is in their figures. New Decolletage. ‘The change in the neckline is per haps the most important to the aver- age woman. She has belief in herself ‘when it comes to cutting a new kind of neckline. She feels that a good pair of scissors may be the medium of transforming an old gown into a new gown by the simple process of turn- ‘dmg an oblong neck into a round one, @ square one, or a U-shaped one. All history is filled with rapid changes in the neckline, and so far we have not had anything new. We have rung the belis of history all over again. ‘That is all. When Edward II was king~ of Bagiand the women wore the geor- gette, which wrinkled about the neck and spread outward over tht chin and the back of the head. This was intro- G@uced to fashion a few years ago thfough a dancer and her clever de- signer. It is still worn by women who go motoring, and they make it of dark Dine crepe or velling, rather than of white satin. ‘When Richard I was king his Wrench queen brought ver the ‘tathion of the low néck, and so, after centuries, women dropped the neck- band of the gown from chin to collar ‘bone. “When Elizabeth was queen of Eng- land the delta decolletage was invent- ‘ed, and It ran along with another neck- Ine that exposed all the chest and half ‘the shoulders, and then, as if by « ssedden spasm of pradery, hid the neck ‘and ears by an immense ruff. - Pama ie ae tne i ot queen the very decollete, tight bodice its immense, flaring collar of a Jace at the back, and when urt, there was the low, round ine that dipped well downward ee ee ee over the ‘In the picturesque days of Queer Anpe women introduced the low. ‘square cut decolletage, guiltless of col lar, which our women have worn for two decades; and in the middle of the eighteenth century, in the Georgian era, women used a simple decolletage tn a rounded V outlined with « ‘wrinkled handkerchief as a part of their street attire. Running the mind over this slight summary of historical changes in the decalletage, it is easy to see that we have done nothing new; but here ts what we are going to do at the tmme- diate moment: Revive the delta of the Elizabethan times, the deep square of Queen Anne, with its tight, high line at the side of the neck, and the U-shaped decolletage of the end of the eighteenth century, with its mod- esty plece of lace. Return of Lace Collars. ‘We have gone through a season of medieval severity in the neckline. Women have aided nature which made them ugly or cheated nature which made them beautiful by going about without any softening effect at the neck, by wearing coat collars of heavy homespun unrelieved by white, and by the use of V-shaped lines of heavy vel- veteen and crepe which fashion kept unadorned. ‘True to history this was, but not true to art. There were few women who looked their best in such sever- ity. Today collars return slowly. There ere still those who tell you they are not smart, but at the exciusive house there is a tendency 10 put precious lace on the new neck- ine. It is not a V-shaped neckline; t is a de¢p U which calls for a soft- ming outline and an extremely soft rangement of lace or tulle across the ust. ‘The Queen Anne decolletage which hugs the side of the neck and rum down into a narrow L-shaped opening 4s extremely smart, and it is banded with fur and then filled in with fine folds of silk net. It is felt by those who have thelr hands on the pulse of fashion that the oblong neckline of the Renaissance is no longer smart, although it is worn by some well-dressed women. Double Neckline. There is a disposition on the part of some designers to make a double “Reckline, and this they do by a subtle arrangement of thin fabrics. A cer- tain designer has turned out a re markably brilliant gown of raspberry chiffon having a deep U-shaped Seige sect with chinehilla which the chiffon with the movement of the figure, as though it ‘were a necklace. Beneath it, and hug- ging the bust in the eighteenth cen- tury manner, is a bodice with a round- ed decolletage. There will be an oblong Renaissance neckline that reaches from shoulder to shoulder, cut on a tight satin bodice, and over that will be swung a looser bodice of colored chiffon or tulle which is high at the back and fas a long, rounded line in front that drops to the waist. Black and seal brown velvet after- noon gowns have the Queen Anne dec- olletage, which follows the exact line where the neck is placed on the body, ‘until It gets to the collar bone, where it dips into » straight, open space half way to the waist. This is outlined with fur. Again, it may be outlined ‘with Venetian point. ae eee Set most becoming of all for — Get ont any picture of Bliza- bethan times and you will see what is mearit. In that gorgeous era the women wore a jeweled piece of open uet over the shoulder to the base of the neck at each side, and then the spread downwart and out- ward to the arm-pits. ‘Take this change im the neckline seriously. It wil! govern the clothes of the next few weeks. I oy See Pee ‘To remove emoke stains from ivory, feamerse in bensine and go over @ ams seem: One Shade or Color Combination Favored by Many. Scarf, Turban and Bag All of the Same Material—Shoes Are Also Given Consideration. ‘This business of dressing all in ‘one shade or in a harmonious com- Bination of two colors-at the most, ob- serves a fashion correspondent, is an idea that the welldressed French woman is very clever about but which represents almost too much time for the average American to devote to such a purpose. Even when the costume was al- lowed more latitude in this matter the French woman had a knack of se- lecting her clothes so that they obvi- ously were meant to be worn together in spite of their dissimilarity. Just at present the scarf and turban seem to be demanding especial atten- tion, and an attractive way of mak- ing them conform to convention is to have the hat, the scarf and possibly the bag all of one material. If the shoes match either the coat or the color of the scarf, then all is well. One young woman seen recently carried out the idea of matching the costume to the: last nonessential de- tail—whether by accident or by de- sign one can only guess, Her uit, turban and scarf were all of duvetyn, which was of a pinkish tan color, called tea shade. Her shoes and gloves matched also, and under one arm she carried an important looking portfolio of exactly the same color. So unusual was the result of this odd costume that she attracted consider. able attention as she strolled along, apparently unconscious that any one was looking at her. In this case the scarf and the turban were of the same material, and the fact that it was humble duvetyn detracted nothing from its smart- ness. The main thing seems, indeed, to be the similarity and not the mate- rial. Fur, bands of fur, braiding, em- broldery, angora and quilting are all in use to bring the point of similarity out. For dress affuirs and incidental- ly for the fortunate possessors of the wherewithal there are the most at- tractive sets of squirrel and various other furs, consisting of muff, scarf and turban, and sometimes a bag. Pekan, which we call fisher, is the choice of Paris at the moment, and a veritable rage for long stoles of this fur has sprung up, although silver fox and squirrel have a well-established place. MODISH COSTUME OF VELVET Outfit, Particularly Original, Is Con- structed of Black Material With ‘Winsome Chinese Blouse. A very original costume shown re- cently was one of black velvet with a Chinese blouse. Defying almost every Preconcelved idea of what fashions are supposed to be, the most notice able feature of the suit was its ex- treme chic and up-to-date air. In the first place it was semi-fitted, rather more at the back than we are accus- tomed to seeing, and then it was cut exactly knee length. Perfeetly plain mannish revers ex- tended to below the normal waistline and were bound with velvet. Not a Docket or a slash relieved its severe blackness and the sleeves were slight- ly wider at the wrists as an only con- cession to the mode. No visible means appeared at the front by which to fasten the coat, for buttonholes or buttons were absent, and the fronts just touched. Plain tailored suits we bave had in plenty, but the extreme pocketless plainness of this model and ts length sets it apart. ‘The skirt was plain and rathe: narrow and the Chi- nese blouse of blue and black was held with a cord girdle finished with a huge tassel. WARM COAT FOR MOTORING i ° * ‘ as Fe ween Wesabe Union ‘This smart motor coat of exception. ai dosign is made of chamois cloth, cut extra militaire and lined also with chamoia Raccoon collar and cuff add (greatly to the general effect. SILK AND WOOL CREPE SMOCK : ay Aga i { ‘ wi nel Eat Ve Real 7 sl eae bar i NE | OPS La Se TOU Nee ic CPALALLUASY Hand-dyed silk and wool crepe was used by the weavers for this robin’s egg green smock. It is embroidered in Green, blue and rose hand-dyed wool. eee NEW MATERIALS. FOR SPRING Calico Patterns in Indestructible Voile Regarded Foremost Among the Novelty Goods. ‘That the use of silk will probably continue to hold its place Js evident from the fact that both the gingham and the calico print patterns are be- ing copied in silk, states a writer in the New York Heralds Some of the novelty silks are simply fascinating. One called dew-kist is a rough wavy silk with a great deal of shimmer, and 4s carried out In blended shades very strikingly. One combination is blue and gold color and is very successful. To be poetic, it looks very much like sunset on rippling blue water. Kumsi kumsa is another good-looking fabric, slightly heavier than the one previous- ly spoken of, and very much on the same order. A madras crepe plaid features the Patterns which we usutlly associate ‘with ginghams and does it In a most interesting way. For sheer novelty, however, calico patterns in indestructi- ble voile must be mentioned as first and foremost. The idea is decidedly quaint and the patterns are still more so—little knots of rose-colored flow- ers on gray backgrounds and other de- signs dear to the hearts of our grand- mothers. These fabrics wil! all fad a place in the wardrobe being planned for the South, for while sport clothes hold first place there are other occa- sions when what might be known as the afternoon frock for country wear is an absolute necessity. As to the subject of colors the most brilliant shades will be reserved for sport and the subdued shades to which several seasons have accustomed us will prevail for other occasions. Of course white, which was creep- ing back Into favor last season, will still be popular and deservedly, as It makes such a brilliant background for a touch of vivid color. ; = USE OF FRINGE ON A FROCK Charming Border Treatment Is Easily Produced, Affording Most Clever “Arrangement. B It took some oue of a decidedly ux- conventional turn of mind to put fringe on a frock and not use it fringe wise, says a correspondent. The re sult was very decidedly te the good, and the meaus surprisingly simple. You see the effect was that of large fluffy silky shells, and they made the most charming border treatment ever. ‘The fringe ‘Was treated this way: Lengths sufficiently long to make generous spirals were cut and applied spiral fashion with widely separated “invisible” stitches along the border of the fringe, which, of course, was Perfectly main, netther knotted not twisted. that each strand of the fringe was looped, or turned under Itself and the end stitched securely to preserve the loop. Thus you see the effect was a soft spiral of loops. Chenille fringe would be delightful to work with this way, and perhaps a bit easier than the more “stringy” kind. Nor is there any artistic reason for not using two colors of fringe, del- phine blue, for instance, and black, placed alternately. SOME LATE STYLE HINTS It is said the very Intest New York fad is dresses of sateen. They bid fair to be even more popular than were the calico ones of last summer. Monkey hair hats, though quite the thing in Paris, are sald to be unbecom- ‘ng to many womes, especially to those with very light or gray hair. Brown, in a soft, dull tone, is a strong rival of black for evening frocks. There is hardly an evening frock, however, but that shows at least & touch of black. A smart new style is the slip-on eee anne Sat aioed ate darling little pockets wrist-length bishop sleeves set Into large armholes. 4 narrow sash zirdie holds the blouse is about the. waist. Fur Vests. Some of the new velvet sults show ‘vests of fur, of the shorter sorts, like squirrel or beaver, that button or fap ten tight up under the chin. FEWFREAKSTYLES Dignity and Simplicity in Both Line and Color. Velvets Much in Evidence for Indoor Gowns as Well as for the Street Frock. | It is interesting to note that there are few freak styles In women’s wear ing apparel or absurd creations td catch the attention this season, but rather a determined effort to express dignity and simplicity, both in line “and color. ‘The street frocks and sults, says a fashion writer, are of somber, neutral tone, and often trimmed with fur in harmonizing or contrasting tint. The fur forms the collar and cuffs, and when used on the skirt or tunic Is generally put op in patches. ‘Take, for instance, a smart street frock of beaver color duvetyn with its patches of beaver, trimming tle panels that hang from the waistline at the back and front. The cuffs and high collar are also of the beaver. with a square of embroidery in brown and dull gold thrend. Directly at the front and back underneath the two fur-trimmed panels is a larger panel of the material, decorated at the hem with cord tucking. ‘Another extremely smart frock is of brown velveteen, trimmed with nu tria, ‘The model is made with a long tunic, which is slit at the sides anc trimmed at the edges with nutria. The tunic is set on to a loose-fitting back which fs drawn in slightly at the walst: Mine with a sash_which encircles the walst, crossing at the front and.loosely. at the back, the ends being finished with tassels. The large collar, cuff: and the draped toque are of nutria. Velvets are being used more and more for indoor gowns, as well as for the street frock. Many beautiful din Rer cowns are fashioned from velvet y : =. ao Fur Cuffs and Collar. fn the softest and most supple o: weaves. These lovely velvets drape but do not crush, a rare attribute ir ‘any fabric of this nature. Often georgette crepe or chiffon i used in combination with the velvet ‘The crepe or chiffon, for !nstance, maj form the sleeves and part of the bodict while the velvet is used as a part 0: the bodice and skirt. Or the crept may form an overtunic, as in the cast of one lovely model, and the underskir of velvet. USE OF FUR FOR TRIMMING Stylish Decoration Figures Conspicu- ‘ously on Majority of Winter Suits and Wraps. Almost every eult or wrap this win ter has its bit of fur trimming. I some instances the fur trimming form: almost half the garment- A lovel wrap.recently seen was of henna re velours with an enormous beaver col lar which when opened formed a cap. effect. A deep band of the beave: trimmed the coat at the lower part extending up one-third of the coa Jength. ‘The accompanying hat was o beaver decorated with a feather orna ment of henna red. Jaunty little Eton coats of fur ofter complete a costume of cloth. An ex ample is a costume of soft, warm woo ‘Velours, which has almost the warmth of a wrap which may be made com fortable enough for even average win ter weather by the addition of a smar ttle coat of fur. Narrow bands of the fur could be used to trim the frock Different Aprons. ‘There is infinite variety of aprons: they are either of chiffon embroidered Uke the front of the corsage, which continues in two points around the waist, or else they are made with 2 fichu to match, so as to connect wit? the wakt. ~*~ : SMART BLACK VELVEr Tyg 4 I : — i hy. } =~ KK : oe * ¢ te Mi This chic black velvet tam, win white wool embroidery, will appeal y many to whom this sort of headgen is becoming. a, SOME MODES OF THE MOMENT Most Decided Changes in Newest try ations Are Presented in Collar Arrangements. One of the modes of them. the curious assembling of item fabries for the fashioning of one pp ment. Thus a black satin after frock has been richly trimmed wig soft white Angora cloth, and this turn has been thickly beaded with je ‘The frock shows a criss-cross of ty beaded white Angora forming 2 try ming for the narrow skirt, a cure belt arrangement. not straizht arma the waist, but higher at one side w slanting diagonally across the troat¢ the skirt. The sleeves are long at tight, ornamented at the waist wt the white fuzzy stuff and the bes and the neck is high and finished wit one of the new very high collars ma of the white material. one ead deg left long like a scarf, thrown over st shoulder and finished with « long jt tassel. ‘The most decided changes in ans the newest creations are presented i the collar arrangements. Very hig collars with thrown ends appear many frocks. Often they are kuotte on the neck of the dress, a heavy a thread of a bright and beautiful cole being used. ‘This sort of collar appears on a blu coat dress. The collar is of Belgiat blue, knitted round and round, so th & sort of small yoke is formed at th top of the waist, narrowing into a hit collar which ends in a throw at ow side. Touches of the blue threads har been knitted at intervals across th front of the bodice to brighten It, ax a long sash Is knitted at one side « the skirt. SIMPLICITY IN SPRING WEAR Lack of Display Promises to Be Exe cially Noticeable in Latest Models of Apparel. Fashion designers seem at last ¥ have been converted to a realizatis of the power and beauty of simplicit AS everyone knows, says a fusbitt writer, simple language is most co vineing, and the house built on lise of simple dignity at once advertise its occupants as people of culture ant Tefinement. Why then should the ® dividual woman elect to wear clothe that are over ornate either io sti Une or decorative features? Appart 1s properly meant to emphasize good points of the individual it cm ers, rather than that the individusll9 of woman be submerged und her form serve merely as a foundation for ot display of rich garments. In the development of early sprit styles the leaning to simple garmeot is especially noticeable. Of course the very first of the spring <rmeatt are bought by those fortunate oo@ who fice to Southern resorts to & cape the rigors of the Northern Western winter. In suits and cots Sport suggestions usually lead. CHANGE IN POSY FAVORITES Roses, Chrysanthemums and Carne tions Are Given Preference Over ‘Beautiful Camellias. Camellias are wonderfully beautift flowers, but recently fashion has de manded roses, chrysanthemums sné carnations to the exclusion of came Was, and florists bow to fashion fo parely financial reasons. ‘Camellias are excellent plants fo the cool greenhouse. Once they ¥e" the aristocrats of flowers in Americs ‘occupying the position that orchids now. They are no less beautiful 008 than then and there is no reason wi? amateurs should not grow them Blooming. as they do in the late s# tumn, winter’ and early spring, the? supply bloom at a time when fowert are scarce. With a little care camellias cao grown in the window gardea whey the temperature is not too hish aa the atmosphere not too dry. ‘Camellias need 2 ‘cool, moist pis where the temperature does sot & ‘over 50 or 55 degrees Fahreabelt. sof fresh air should be admitted as oftee ‘a5 possible without lowering the ‘perature. THE MISSION BUFFET AND BILLIARDS GEO. W. HOLT, Propr. 3504 SOUTH STATE STREET CHICAGO, ILL. THE BROADWAY JOHN H. HARRIS Chicago, Ill. THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, JANUARY 4, 1919 BENJ. H. LUCAS REAL ESTATE Life, Health, Accident and Fire INSURANCE 2357 SOUTH STATE STREET, CHICAGO Notary Public OWNERS AND DIRECTORS DAN M. JACKSON GEO. T. KERSEY DAVID A McGOWAN AHMED A. RAYNER Phones Calumet 6164 Automatic 71-629 OPEN DAY AND NIGHT The Emanuel Jackson Undertaking Co., Inc. 2959-61 South State Street Reliable Service Courteous Treatment Reasonable Prices FREE CHAPEL IN CONNECTION Complete Line of Funeral Goods Automobiles for Hire S. A. BEADLE LAWYER 3502 SOUTH STATE ST. CHICAGO S. A. T. WATKINS LAWYER 36 WEST RANDOLPH STREET CHICAGO Residence, 4533 Prairie Avenue Phone Kenwood 8520 WALTER M. FARMER ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW NOTARY PUBLIC Suite 708 184 W. Washington St. Tel., Office, Main 4153 Auto 33736 CHICAGO Residence, 1262 Macalister Place Tel. Monroe 2714 MILES J. DEVINE Attorney At Law Suite 318-320 REAPER BLOCK Clark and Washington Streets Phone Central 1239 CHICAGO PHONE MAIN 2214 A. D. GASH WM. J. LATHAM Attorney At Law OFFICE PHONE: CALUMET 875 2 EAST 31ST STREET Suite 7 CHICAGO PAGE SEVEN THE BR THE BROAD AX PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY In this city since July 15th, 1818 Republicans, Democrats, Catholics infidels or anyone else can have the proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper all, ever claiming the editorial right. Local communications will run on one side of the paper. Subscriptions must be paid in One Year Six Months Advertising rates made known VOL. XXIV JANUARY Address all co THE B 6206 South Elizabeth Phone Wen JULIUS F. TAYLOR DR. M. A. MAJORS 4700 South Phone D IMPORTANT For resolutions, obituary no special announcements of events sion is made, and the opening of cents per line; 6 words or fraction Personal or social items such everything of a general interest, Entered as Second-Clags Matter, August Under Act of In this city since July 15th, 1899, without missing one single issue. Republicans, Democrats, Catholics, Protestants, Single Taxers, Priests, infidels or anyone else can have their say as long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write plainly, only on one side of the paper. IMPORTANT NOTICE For resolutions, obituary notices, cards of thanks, write-ups, special announcements of events to happen, when a charge of admission is made, and the opening of new business enterprises, etc., 15 cents per line: 6 words or fraction makes one line. Entered as Second-Clause Matter, August 19, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago, Ill., Under Act of March 3, 1879. The war that was fought and won for the world Was the worst war the world has had, And the peaceful order into chaos hurled By Germany made France mad. If the Kaiser, poor man, hadn't the big head, But ruled his nation with love, The world wouldn't have colored the rivers red With the blood which the nations have bled. So France is glad, and Italy is glad And England is proud quite a bit, While Germany suffers, sorrowfully sad, And Russia is having a fit. Proud spirit in man makes him do many things That only the foolish would do; But foolish are people who must have their kings That keep a good world in a stew. The world, we surmise, is not the real blame For the pomp of the power and self. The mischief and crime for ambitious shame Was a fool all in love with himself. Yet, so it was meet that a king should have power To rule with a rod made of iron; The moment had come, the clock struck the hour! The brute of a king was a lion. With his sharp teeth of war and its thundrous roar Poor Belgium was crushed most to death In holding the Hun, bloodthirsty for gore Till England and France got their breath. The villainous riot of child killing Huns Who murdered the helpless at will And blew up the churches with long shooting guns; Such crime gives one a cold chill. But at last came the day when Nature revolts, Affrighted, it seemed, was her plight. The forces of Earth, sickened by such assaults, At last got the spirit to fight. WHY NOT OPEN OUR EYES? As a race long oppressed, long wronged, denied a people's chance, and cheated through the long seige of race prejudices of the human right to aspire to the noblest things in life, we should begin this new year with determined hearts to save our money. ```markdown ``` RACE EIGHT 1899, without missing one single issue. Protestants, Single Taxers, Priests, their say as long as their language is whose platform is broad enough for right to speak its own mind. receive attention. Write plainly, only on advance. $2.00 1.00 on application. MARY 4, 1919 No. 16 communications to ROAD AX North Street, Chicago, Ill. Toworth 2597. Editor and Publisher Associate Editor State Street, Pexel 1416 otices, cards of thanks, write-ups, to happen, when a charge of admis- sion new business enterprises, etc., 15 makes one line. th as marriages, births, deaths and published free of charge. 19, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago, Ill. March 3, 1879. and later to unite our forces in the construction of a business concern that would astonish our oppressors. The Negro should awake and see the loneliness of his position. He should realize that hostile hand which he, through foolish and inexcusable ignorance, is filling daily from the early and late sweat of his brow. We've got to call a halt on such religion that tells you to kiss the hand that smites. He has got to be led, the ignorant people we mean, if we have to put a halter on them to lead them. Religion is all right; there isn't enough of it in the world. There is too much hypocrisy and pretense. If the Negro had as much religion as it professes we would be more united, more intelligent and more cohesive as a people. The trouble is in a great measure the faulty religion. A religion that sacrifices the right to own all the wealth and to cruelly mistreat us in every ugly form and fashion. We must overlook the fact that the individual Negro as well as the Negro group is to blame for much of what we suffer. The sacrifice of independence, the sacrifice of every earthly interest for a hope that something will enable you to be happy after death and wear golden slippers is foolish and heatenish. There is not the least bit of idealism to be found in such nonsense. As a people we wish to have, to do and to be, because we are adding to the world work of human progress. We are serving in good works that promote the interests of the races, and impressing ourselves upon the attention of mankind in a righteous, Godly, humane way. The ultimate end and aim of religion is to remove the rags, the filth of body and mind, overcome poverty, feed the hungry, attend the sick, and clothe the naked, clean up surroundings, promote health and sanitation, giving alms, raising the fallen, providing homes for the blind, the insane, the deaf and dumb, to carry on the work of education and civilization. The Negro has got religion only by a fragile thread. We are beginning to use it in a small way, other than for merely the thing to die with. We need the religion for its civilizing helpfulness. THAT HOLIDAY NUMBER! The Christmas numbers of the craft were most flattering. Certainly it demonstrated the easy times and better times among us. Volliminous were quite a few of our exchanges, all dressed up in glorious tidings. All seemed to breathe the after-the-war spirit of victory. Our people little know what a good newspaper reflects in its pages. They little know it seems what a glorious heritage has been hounded down to them and their children. It was our late Hon. Frederick Douglass who used to say to the White south before the war. "If --- THE BROAD AX, CHICAGO, JANUARY 4, 1919 EDITORIAL PAGE you would hide anything from the Negro, put it in the papers." But it must not be forgotten that it was also Hon. Frederick Douglass who took the North Star, a paper which he edited and undermined the pillars and foundations of slavery. The good newspaper is the people's mouthpiece and the scholar's forum. The Broad Ax must have scored a great success. Our telephone kept us on the jump ever since the first mail went out Thursday morning. The mail we have received, cards, letters, etc., congratulating us and complimenting the effort, in spite of the great expense attached to such affairs, it is enormous, and we are of that nervous temperament that will always, we hope, make us amenable and free-heartedly disposed to human graces, kind words and beautiful things. Some say it was a Humdinger! This Broad Ax of ours, for goodness sake, what is that? Some say we went over the top in Negro journalism; that is putting it rather strong, we think. Others without qualification, mental reservation, equivocation, education and all that commend The Broad Ax Holiday Edition as presenting certain strength to the four winds of public sentiment that some time blow mercilessly against us. Well, we will be greatly encouraged when all who liked and blessed us will mail us their subscription or a renewal. Now is the time to subscribe. We are on the job ever these days. Working our wits to develop a strong sentiment propaganda, trying to sound the eddies and the tides, the jets, ebbs and flows, and peradventure strike the ideal whither we tend. Sentiment is important, not because of any shortcomings here and there among us, but because of the conduct and the unthinking and unreached element that destroys and tears down as rapidly as those of us who have the light can build. Until this unreached element is tamed by the tempting bribe of our sober racial graces there will be trouble always. Unthinking he is a block to himself. He has all of the fire and the spirit, but he is without guide and compass. That is why The Broad Ax hoisted her sails to float high to the four winds. We trust we reached all such, and hereafter will find in our paper what they are looking for.—Dr. M. A. Majors. THE BEST EDUCATION IS NOT GOOD ENOUGH To prove that the child is a part of the general scheme of human development is the chief aim of education. The child to today is the man or woman of the near future, and the principle applies to all children. Hence the Colored child is to be educated because it is to be the integral factor of a Colored man or woman or race in the general scheme of development. Keep them in the schools, then later keep them in the schools, and then finally keep them in the schools A race's greatest asset is not alone in wealth; wealth can take wings and fly away. Not alone in dressing fine; the gaudy glass only strikes the vulgar eye. Education is the key by which the aroused intellect may enter all the repository of treasure and take for itself available knowledge. Don't forget that this year is the tercentennial of our Americanhood. While we are celebrating it, there is a long line of illustrious men and women of the Negro race who have gone into eternity after having impressed their greatness on the rest of mankind. In another issue of The Broad Ax our editorial columns will be resplendant in the eloquence of praise. It will be a pleasure for us to name a great many characters who are well nigh immortal. We think Emmett Scott is one of our ablest Negroes, and we believe his-long contact with Dr. Booker T. Washington was a part of God's plan to fit him for the noblest things in We have much to be proud of this New Year. How many of us have enumerated the blessings that have multiplied during the last 12 months? How many of us have learned the art of being thankful and appreciative? Of course, most of all that came, came because we merited and deserved. You get only what you earn. God is just; He will reward you for right living, right acting and right doing. No man or woman can be happy over a forlorn condition. Lots of people shout, not because they are happy, but because they are excited. What the —— is there for any Negrow to shout about? Not very many believe we have the real, the genuine sense of Christianity, that they shout because they are happier than somebody else. The Simon-pure, blown-in-the-bottle preacher is better than he gets the credit of being. Most of them are sincere but awfully ignorant, and ignorance is itself an abomination. But they must live, and the occupation of teaching us to be good should not be in vain. We might be better than we are. Dr. R. R. Moton was not called or sent to Europe to talk to our soldier boys about being good, about their morals, and to tell the boys not to destroy the good name, the valor brought them in war. No, nothing at all like it. We've got to be guided by a principle; religion, or Christianity, stands shoulder to shoulder with the civilizing forces of the age. Religion that takes one to church ought to be the religion that will help in the busy visititudes of our lives. Money can be saved only by the shrewdest and smartest exercise of the intellect. Money is your chief friend. This is why nobody likes us; we have not the love of money. Don't ever tell your new neighbor what you think of her. What's the use? She knows you are lying. We are our own worst enemies; most all of what we suffer comes from our own helplessness. Sham is larger than a drove of elephants in this dear old home town. Business is the best kind of pleasure and good time for the Negro. Do keep those new resolutions! SHOULD PREPARE FOR WINTER Heavy Woolen Stockings, Waterproof Hat and Coat Rank Among the Desirable Articles. If you have any old wool that could be used for knitting socks—you can provide some by ripping out an old sweater—make yourself a pair of heavy stockings for this winter. Make them the same as you would soldiers' socks only with full length legs and smaller feet. They may serve you in good stead this winter when duty or patrolism calls you outdoors on stormy or cold days. The new coats are going to be short and we must manage to keep our ankles comfortable by warmer skirts or hosiery. Get a rainy day waterproof hat. You'll be out in all sorts of weather if you are one of those who have heeded the country's call and have gone into some patriotic work. A waterproof hat will save your other hat or hats. If you can't afford a waterproof coat invest in one of the less expensive waterproof capes. Not the oilskin sort—for those are very expensive—but the kind made of rubber and woven goods. The Inspired Compositor "The doctor felt the patient's purse and declared that there was no hope." Protecting Turkeys From Coyotes. In part in parts of the West flocks domestic turkeys on frontier farms protected from attacks by coyote foxes with bells to the necks of the birds. The habit of these bells is common in poor areas, to keep the flies away. Vomit often infrequently protects flocks, which have waned and foxes from harm are annihilated. The boasts - Popular Mechanics magazine. Relica of Aztecan Era. Near Phoenix, within the Salt river valley, are to be found seven communal settlements of the same pre-Aztecan era, with central buildings that were far larger than that at Casa Grande, a writer in the Christian Science Monitor states. To the northward and northeast every river valley retains evidence of the passage of at least a portion of these peoples, for some reason leaving their cities and their irrigated fields on the plains and seeking the mountains and the upper plateaus. The Thrift of Years. Every man should strive to live at least 100 years and die all hitched up in working harness. Many a man feels that he would like to retire at about sixty and spend the rest of his years with nothing to do but lead a gold-headed, cane around by the hand. It is thrifty to stay on the job just as long as possible. Every man should make the century plant his favorite flower and the undertaker his worst enemy.-Thrift Magazine. Be Specific. For business purposes, for social purposes, for any purposes in life, a rule that should admit of no exceptions is: "Be specific in everything you say. Don't take it for granted that vague, general statements will properly convey your meaning." General statements, please remember, leave wide room for inference, and there is always the liability that a wrong inference will be drawn. Satisfied With Little Food. In the Edinburgh (Scotland) zoo there is a crocodile that is content with a rat or a piece of horseflesh every fortnight. There is an anaconda which arrived more than a year ago and has since steadily refused to take food of any kind, an example of abstention surpassed, however, by an Indian python which during its 13 months' stay has not voluntarily taken food. Intelligent Dog The family doctor was making a professional call one afternoon, when Johnny, who happened to be the patient on this occasion, suddenly gave a chuckle just as the physician had completed his examination and remarked in a half confidential whisper: "Say, just look at my doggy! I guess he knows you're a doctor, all right. He's got his tongue out." Real Bonanza Kings The "bonanza kings" were James S. Flood, A. S. O'Brien, John W. Mackay, and James C. Fair, four men of Irish parentage who acquired vast fortunes from the gold and silver mines on the Pacific coast. They had various imitators and successors who shared the name, but these four men were the "only original" bonanza kings. Major and Minor Prophets The major prophets of the Old Testament were Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel and Daniel. The Old Testament books contain their prophecies. The minor prophets of the group of Old Testament writers from Hosea to Malachi are so called because of the brevity of their prophecies. Malachi was the last of the minor prophets. Snake Story. A species of viper (Viper macropa) from Bosnia, about 18 inches in length, seems to feed exclusively on grasshoppers. An interesting point about this little snake is that, although poisonous, it may be handled with impunity. If teased, it may hiss and snap, but never blites unless seriously hurt. Substitute for Putty. A cheap subs • utte for putty, suitable for stopping cracks in floors and other woodwork, is made by soaking newspaper in a paste made by boiling a pound of flour in three quarts of water and adding a teaspoonful of alum. Force this mixture into the cracks with a knife. Aceticem. Aceticism means the practicing of severe virtues, or the mastering of desires and passions. It might be termed the extreme practice of the simple life. Among the ancient Greeks it denoted the exercise and discipline practiced by the athletes and wrestlers. Seemed Incomplete A new baby had come to the home, and the neighbors' little ones were allowed to come in to see him. A little one looked him over generally, then moved down to the bottom of the long dress and, quite puzzled, asked, "Ain't he dot his feet yet?" The Shah's Share If the Shah of Persia were to be deprived of his income he would still be one of the richest men in the world. He would only have to sell his ornaments, gems, and precious stones to become possessed of about $35,000,000. Zoological Notes. Another thing we can't understand is how a woman can be a perfect cat and yet be scared to death of a mouse. —Cincinnati Enquirer. The Woolsack The woolseck is the big red bag without back or arms, on which the lord chancellor sits when presiding over the deliberations of the house of lords. Its origin is curious. An act was passed in Elizabeth's reign prohibiting the expiration of wool, and to keep this source of national wealth in their lordships' minds the kinder nurture notion of making them sit on wool bag was tried. Nowadays, when a new chancellor is appointed be is said to be appointed to the woolseck and to sit on the woolseck. Henry Adams on Facts Adams was a man of industry, always doing more work than he confessed to. With him all facts had to be interrelated into meaning and significance. "For facts as such I have a profound contempt," he said one day in his classroom; just as in his education he remarks that, "nothing education is so astonishing as the amount of ignorance it accumulates in the form of inert facts."—Henry O. Taylor in Atlantic. Queer Find at Pompeii A soap-boiler's shop was among the things discovered in the excavation at Pompeii several years ago. The city was buried beneath volcanic ashes at D. 79. It is said that the soap found in the shop had not lost all its efficacy although it had lain under the ashes more than 1,800 years. Soap making was quite a business in a number of the Roman cities at the time that Pompeii was destroyed. Santa Not Enemy Alien Of what nationality is Santa Claus a friend asks. Of almost every nationality, we would say. If you mean to ask the derivation of the name, it is a corrupted form of the Holland Dutch name for St. Nicholas and has no "enemy alien" taint. The saint this self was a native of Patara in the province of Lycia, Asia Minor, and was bishop of Myra in the same province. Fiord and Farewell The word "fjord" comes from the old Norse, survives in the modern words "firth" and "frith." is connected with the English "fare," meaning to travel, and used in the word "farewell," and meant, most probably, in the first instance, says the author of "Norwegian Pictures," water safe for navigation on account of its sheltered position. Antique Furniture Those who possess pieces of antique furniture should devote personal attention to them, and especially to any of old oak, which should be kept in condition by perforated rubbing with flannel dipped in a mixture of beeswax, oil and spirits of turpentine White painted French furniture is best cleaned with paraffin. World's Finest Church November 18 is the anniversary of the dedication of St. Peter's in Rome in 1626. This largest Christian house of worship was begun about 1450. In 1546 Michelangelo was put in charge who redesigned the dome. The height to the top of this dome is 455 feet, and the building is one of the most imposing in the world. Westminster Abbey The name "Westminster Abbey" is shortened from the fuller phrase "Westminster Abbey church"—the church, that is, of the abbey of Westminster. Up to the year 1504, in the reign of Henry VIII, the "Abbey" as we call it today, was the church of a Benedictine monastery. Literature. Everyone knows what books are. But what is literature? It is the art on the flood. It is the light on the candlestick. It is the flower among the leaves; the consummation of the plant's vitality, the crown of its beauty, and the treasure house of its seeds.—Henry J. van Dyke. Site of Ancient Capital The governor general of Korea and a party recently on tour in northern Korea discovered the site of the capital of an old Korean kingdom known as Kukuryo. This kingdom flourished at an early stage in Korean history from 87 B.C. until A.D. 668. Some Velocities When the temperature is 32 degrees sound travels 1,000 feet a second and one additional foot a second for each additional degree of temperature. Electricity over a wire where there is no resistance travels 192,924 miles a second. Persistent Lady—"What caused you to become a tramp?" Ragged Tim—"The family physician, mum. He advised me to take long walks after meals, and I've been walking after them ever since." Delicate Compliment Delicate Complain Charles received a wagon on his birthday and promptly broke a wheel. His father soon mended it. "Papa." he said, "you are smarter than you look."