The Broad Ax

Hon. Samuel A. Ettelson, Best and Greatest Corporation Counsel of Chicago Has Been Authorized by the City Council, with the Assistance of Hon. John A. Richert, Chairman of the Finance Committee, to Settle the Twenty-Six Race Riot Cases, As Represented by Attorney Augustus L. Williams. The Survivors of the Twenty-One Colored Persons, Who Lost Their Lives in This City in the Race Riots of 1919 Will Be Compensated Without Further Delay. Their Claims Amount to More Than $100,000. MR. AUGUSTUS L. WILLIAMS Directors and Heavy Stockholders of the the Company. The Greatest Champions colored People in Chicago, Who Has So Legal Victory in the Settlement of H us Claims Against the City of Chicago A man One Hundred Thousand Dollars. One of the Directors and Heavy Stockholders of the Public Life Insurance Company. The Greatest Champion of the Cause of the Colored People in Chicago, Who Has Scored or Won a Great Legal Victory in the Settlement of His Race Riot Cases, His Claims Against the City of Chicago Amounting to More Than One Hundred Thousand Dollars. M. B. HON. JAMES W. BREEN It Corporation Counsel of Chicago, One e and Popular Public Officials in the ofound Opinion on the Race Riot Case One of the Greatest Legal Documents Ever Been Brought Forth From the Honor in This Country, and It Has Been First Assistant Corporation Counsel of Chicago, One of the Most Honorable and Popular Public Officials in the City Hall, Whose Profound Opinion on the Race Riot Cases Will Shine Forth as One of the Greatest Legal Documents of Its Kind That Has Ever Been Brought From the Brains of the Ablest Lawyers in This Country, and It Has Become a Part of the History of the Great City of Chicago. HONORABLES JOHN A. RICHERT, ROSS A. WOODHULL, ANTON J. CERMAK, JOSEPH HIGGINS SMITH, GEO. M. MAYPOLE, HENRY L. FICK, I. E. FRANKHAUSER, EDWARD R. ARMITAGE, CHARLES G. HENDRICKS, MAX ADAMOWSKI, THOMAS F. BYRNE, JOHN POWERS, JOHN H. LYLE, JOHN TOMAN, JOSEPH O. KOSTNER, LOUIS B. ANDERSON AND JAMES B. BOWLER WERE AMONG THE BIG CITY FATHERS WHO MADE IT POSSIBLE FOR THE COLORED PEOPLE TO RECEIVE THEIR MONEY WITHOUT ANY FURTHER DELAY FOR PERSONAL INJURIES AND OTHERWISE EXTENDED REVIEW OF THE ENTIRE PROCEEDINGS IN CONNECTION WITH MR. WILLIAMS AND HIS RACE RIOT CASES Almost three years have rolled on into eternity since the bloody "race riots" occurred in this city the latter part of July, 1919—or, to speak more correctly—July 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, and August 1, even before that time a few minor clashes occurred between the races during the middle and the latter part of June of the same year, and even unto this day thousands of the colored people firmly believe that hundreds of white persons were killed by the colored people in various ways and their bodies thrown or tossed into Bubbly creek in the dark hours of the night and thousands of white persons are still firmly convinced that hundreds of colored people met their deaths at the hands of the whites in various unaccountable ways and that their bodies were eased into Bubbly creek or were deposited in Lake Michigan and that their deaths have been carefully suppressed and that the world at large never will know just how many colored people lost their lives at the hands of the whites during the "race riots" in this fair city in 1919. Hon. Peter M. Hoffman, coroner of Cook County, states in his exhaustive report on the "race riots" in this city which lies before us: "The people of the city of Chicago should be informed of the true facts of the 'race riots,' especially as to the number who lost their lives in order that false rumors may be set at rest and the good name of the City of Chicago be redeemed. "As many people believe, in and out of the city, that thousands were killed and the facts suppressed from the public, I. Peter M. Hoffman, coroner, do hereby certify under oath and the official seal of my office that the total number of deaths due to race rioting in the city of Chicago for the year 1919, numbered thirty-eight (38), fifteen (15) whites, and twenty-three (23) colored. It may not be out of place at this time to further quote from the report of Coroner Hoffman for in the end it may be of some benefit to all the people residing in the great city of Chicago. "Five days of terrible hate and passion let loose cost the people of Chicago not only thirty-eight lives, but wounded and mained several hundred, destroyed property of untold value, filled thousands with awful fright and blemished the good name of our fair city, and left in its wake fear and aprehension for the future. BY JULIUS F. TAYLOR "Race feeling and distrust reaches far back into the history of the past. While new, perhaps, to Chicago, other cities and communities have tasted of its frightfulness, and yet race antagonism in itself rarely gets beyond hand and control, the real danger lies with the criminal and hoodlum element, white and colored, who are quick to take advantage of an incipient race riot conditions to spread the firebrands of disorder, thievery, arson, lust and murder, and under the cover of large numbers, to give full sway to cowardly, animal and criminal instincts." The riot jury selected by Coroner Hoffman was impaneled July 28, 1919, and it was composed of the following persons: Rev. R. Keene Ryan foreman; Rev. J. P. Brushingham William J. Dillon, Roy T. Wood, A W. McMichael and E. N. Ware, and for almost three months the jury held sessions and it visited hospitals, undertakers, and scenes of the rioting received statements from the relatives and friends of all the victims attended the exhumation of one body at Lincoln cemetery for fuller formation as to the cause of the bullet wound; it held seventy day sessions and twenty night sessions on inquest work, examining approximately four hundred and fifty witnesses, the testimony taken, amounting to 5,584 folio pages typewritten. Twenty men were held to the grand jury for murder or manslaughter, one held to court martial for murder. There were seven cases of justifiable homicide, recommendation that unknown rioters-be apprehended and punished was made in eighteen cases, one colored police officer was killed, three men were killed by police officers. Lawyer Augustus L. Williams Highly Praised by Coroner Hoffman Coroner Hoffman, in his masterful report, which is worthy to be read by all the citizens of Chicago, has this to say in relation to Lawyer Augustus L. Williams: "The Peace and Protective Association of Chicago and the Cook County Bar Association, colored organizations, were ably represented by Mr. A. L. Williams." Without receiving one dollar in pay and at the same time neglecting his own business, Mr. Williams attended every session of the coroner's jury, looking after the interests of all the colored people who appeared before it from time to time, manfully fighting and contending for their rights and when it was all over the survivors of 21 colored persons who had lost their lives as the result of the race riots and the friends or relatives of five others who had sustained personal injuries, called on Mr. Williams and urged him to put forth his best efforts and honest endeavor to do something for them in the higher courts of Cook county in the way of recovering some money from the City of Chicago to partly pay them for the great losses which they had sustained in the deaths of their dearly beloved ones, many of them did not have one dollar to start suits in any court and the money for that purpose came forth out of the pockets of Mr. Williams and out of the pockets of one or two of his close friends, often stretching every point to raise enough money to file the twenty-one death cases and the personal injury cases, money had to be advanced from time to time to buy food, coal, medicine for the sick children and to pay room or house rent for those who had so suddenly been deprived of their main support by the deaths of their husbands and fathers. Everything looked very dark and gloomy for Mr. Williams and his few tried and true friends who had unbounded faith in his legal ability to do something in the Circuit or Superior courts of this county for those poor unfortunate colored men, women and children who were so sorely in dire need of helping hands. All the leading colored lawyers and many white ones, too, for that matter, heartily laughed at Mr. Williams. Some claimed that he was light-headed, that he never did nor never would know the least thing about mob and lynch law as defined by the statutes of Illinois, that he was simply fooling the poor ignorant colored people out of their hard-earned money and that the chances were ten to one that he would never start any mob and lynch law suits for them and even if he did start the suits that he would never be able to finally recover one dollar in money in any of the courts in Illinois. Not one of the newspapers published in the interest of the colored race in this city, outside of The Broad Ax, would give Mr. Williams the slightest publicity through their columns, as to what he was attempting to do for the everlasting benefit of his race, unless they received payment for the same in advance; but this newspaper stuck to him through thick and thin, cheering him and urging him to continue to press forward in his great struggle for the right 5 CENTS per copy in County Council in of the t Cases st The Without 0,000 M. HON. SAMUEL A. ETTELSON Greatest Corporation Counsel, Being H. A. Richert, Chairman of the Finance of the City Council Itself, He Will in a Shall the Race Riot Cases, Under the Augustus L. Williams. el, Being Backed Up by the Finance Committee Vill in a Short Time S Under the Control Chicago's Greatest Corporation Counsel, Being Backed Up by Hon. John A. Richert, Chairman of the Finance Committee, and by the City Council Itself, He Will in a Short Time Settle Up All the Race Riot Cases, Under the Control of Attorney Augustus L. Williams. [Name] HON. JOHN A. RICHERT and Faithful Chairman of the Finance the Public Eye for Mayor of Chicago Mighty Hard to Settle Up the Race Supervision of Lawyer Augustus L. V the Finance Committee of Chicago in 1923, H the Race Riot Case gustus L. Williams. The Honest and Faithful Chairman of the Finance Committee, Who Is in the Public Eye for Mayor of Chicago in 1923, Has Worked Mighty Hard to Settle Up the Race Riot Cases, Under the Supervision of Lawyer Augustus L. Williams. The Honest and Faithful Chairman of the Finance Committee, Who Is in the Public Eye for Mayor of Chicago in 1923, Has Worked Mighty Hard to Settle Up the Race Riot Cases, Under the Supervision of Lawyer Augustus L. Williams. 1911 HON. THOMAS G. WINDES The Eminent and Most Honorable Cook County, Who Sat in Riot Cases Tried Before His October, 1921, and Judge W of the Opinion That the Cii Survivors, White and Color Lives During the Race Riots nt and Most Honorable Dean of the City County, Who Sat in Judgment on Two Cases Tried Before Him by Attorney A. T. 1921, and Judge Winds at That Time Opinion That the City of Chicago Wants, White and Colored, of All Those Wearing the Race Riots in This City in 1921 The Eminent and Most Honorable Dean of the Circuit Court of Cook County, Who Sat in Judgment on Two of the Race Riot Cases Tried Before Him by Attorney A. L. Williams in October, 1921, and Judge Windes at That Time Was Firmly of the Opinion That the City of Chicago Was Liable to the Survivors, White and Colored, of All Those Who Lost Their Lives During the Riots in This City in 1919. SOUNDS THE PRAISES OF THE BROAD AX The Following Letter Speaks for Itself 6514 Evans Avenue, Chicago, Ill., June 29, 1922. asks equity should do equity and must come into court with clean hands." Very truly yours, M. E. McCLURE. To the above, we say, Amen! Amen!—Editor. ANNIVERSAY NOTES Dear Sir:—Enclosed please find $2.00 for renewal of my subscription to your valuable paper, which I take great pleasure in reading every week. It is not like some of our other Negro papers which often contain articles that are not based upon the truth and whose editors make no attempt to distinguish between fact and fiction. They even print articles that they know are "framed up" to injure others and satisfy the spite of designing persons. I really become discouraged sometimes when I see some of our editors plead for law, order, honesty and morality on their editorial pages, while on the first page of the same paper, in glaring headlines, they seek to disgrace some creditable man or woman who has in no wise injured them. Worse still, they will retract these false statements and publish the real truth of the matter only upon the condition that they are to be paid an extortionate price for so doing. Our only hope lies in the younger men and women of the race who are learning to THINK for themselves. In this coming army of thinkers lies our only salvation. Editors who plead for justice to the race should, above all things, be JUST themselves. They should remember the old legal maxim which tells us that "He who 1910 [Picture of a man in a suit with a tie]. [Name] HON. GEORGE M. MAYPOLE Popular Member of the City Council From the Ward, Chairman of Its Track Elevation Committee, Who at Its Seconded the Motion to Settle Up the Race Once. Alderman Maypole, Like His Late Father William T. Maypole, Is One of the Best and The of the Colored Race in Chicago. member of the City Council From the Chairman of Its Track Elevation Committee Finance Committee, Who at Its Lift at the Motion to Settle Up the Race Ruderman Maypole, Like His Late Father T. Maypole, Is One of the Best and The Colored Race in Chicago. popular Member of the City Council From the Fourteenth Ward, Chairman of Its Track Elevation Committee, Member of the Finance Committee, Who at Its Last Meeting Seconded the Motion to Settle Up the Race Riot Claims at Once. Alderman Maypole, Like His Late Father, Alderman William T. Maypole, Is One of the Best and Truest Friends of the Colored Race in Chicago. table Dean of the Circuit Court of Judgment on Two of the Race ism by Attorney A. L. Williams in Winds at That Time Was Firmly city of Chicago Was Liable to the ed, of All Those Who Lost Their in This City in 1919. asks equity should do equity and must come into court with clean hands." Very truly yours ANNIVERSAY NOTES Quinn Chapel, A. M. E. Church 24th St. and Wabash Ave. H. E. Stewart, Pastor A biographical sketch of one of the early pioneers of Quinn will be read Sunday morning. The pastor will deliver a sermon taken from the text, Jeremiah 12:5 "How wilt thou do in the swelling of the Jordan?" A special feature of the Sunday night service will be an illustrated sermon, showing scenes from the Bible as well as depicting life and character of the modern day. Illustrated songs, etc. An advisory board has been organized in Quinn for special service during the summer. RETURNS AFTER PLEASANT STAY Mrs. Gertrude Dixon of St., Louis, Mo., has returned to her home after spending a pleasant stay in the city the guest of Attorney and Mrs. Walter M. Farmer, 4751 Champlain avenue. Mrs. Dixon came to the city to see the degree of B. S. conferred on her daughter, Melba Dixon, at the University of Chicago, on June 13. Miss Melba Dixon is now visiting friends at Cumberland, Md., and Harper's Ferry, W. Va. 1 Council From the Fourteenth Elevation Committee, Member, Who at Its Last Meeting Like Up the Race Riot Claims at Like His Late Father, Alderman of the Best and Truest Friends age. IN WINDING UP HIS RACE RIOT CASES MR. WILLIAMS HAS SCORED THE GREATEST LEGAL VICTORY OF ANY COLORED LAWYER IN THE UNITED STATES, AND HE HAS COVERED HIMSELF WITH HONOR AND GLORY WHICH WILL LINGER WITH HIM TO THE END and as sure as the bright shining sun rose in the extreme east and set in the far west that he would meet with success by and by, and now, after assisting Mr. Williams every way that we possibly could for almost three years, in connection with his race riot cases, we are able to greatly rejoice with him in winning by far the greatest legal victory that has so far been won by any colored lawyer in the United States. On Wednesday, May 25, 1921, Mr. Williams tried his first riot case before Judge Samuel C. Stough, sitting in the Superior Court of Cook county that of Ada Dozier, widow, vs. City of Chicago. The jury was composed of twelve white men, the city was represented by Hon. Charles Pease assistant corporation counsel, and by several other brainy legal lights and they fought Mr. Williams to a dead standstill. They did not hesitate to resort to every sharp trick known to the law in their desperate effort to floor him or defeat him or knock him out, but in the final end their labors were all in vain, for the jury returned a verdict against the City of Chicago and in favor of Mrs. Ada Dozier for twenty-three hundred dollars ($2,300). Then the leading colored lawyers loudly contended that the city would move onto the higher state courts and that by the time that the Supreme court of this state grabbed Mr. Williams and his unheard of race riot case and ripped him up one side and down the other, that he would not have one leg to stand on and that all of his other race riot cases would fall flat to the ground. Such was not the case, however, and that judgment against the city become final. On Tuesday morning, October 25, 1921, Mr. Williams began to try his second and third race riot cases before the Hon. Thomas G. Windes, the eminent dean of the Circuit court of Cook county—those were the cases of Joseph Lovings, who resided at 2030 South Dearborn street, and who worked in a white barber shop at 1304 West 12th street. He was well liked by its owner and his patrons. On his way home on his bicycle on the evening of July 29th, he was set up by a howling maddened mob, estimated at almost 5,000, and the mad mob fired fifteen to twenty bullets into his head and body. Then the mob trampled upon his lifeless body and defaced his face and skull by beating it in. A number of white witnesses—women and men—testified as to viciousness of the mob, and among that number was Rev. Father Jones, a Roman Catholic priest, who very vividly testified as to how he knelt down by the side of the dead body of Joseph Lovings, right in the presence of the bloodthirsty mob, and offered up prayers for the repose of his soul in peace. It was indeed a very effective scene to note the good acts and deeds of this holy father, who waived all race prejudice aside and had the moral courage in the presence of the howling mob to perform his sacred duty or calling. Attorney Williams handled the case in a thorough and most masterful manner from its beginning to its end. His closing argument to the jury was really eloquent, effective and far reaching in its ramifications. When he concluded it was perfectly apparent that he had left a profound impression on the minds of each one of the jurors, and they returned a verdict in favor of his client, Mrs. Carrie Lovings, the widow of Joseph Lovings, for three thousand and five hundred dollars ($3,500). That same week Mr. Williams successfully tried his third race riot case before the Hon. Thomas G. Winder and there was no question about it. He had greatly improved in his arguments and so on. His third case was that of James G. Grimes vs. City of Chicago. Mr. Grimes was mobbed at 35th and Robey streets, where he resided at that time, and most of his witnesses were white ladies, from his neighborhood, who were kindly disposed towards Mr. and Mrs. Grimes. Mr. Grimes received permanent blindness from the injury he received at the hands of the mob. Mr. Williams delivered a most masterly oration in winding up his case and some of the ladies sitting in the court room, who was crowded all the time, cried out in anguish and with tears running down their faces. They were led from the court room. Even strong, able-bodied men were seen to wipe tears from their eyes. The jury, after being fully instructed by Judge Windes as to the law and the evidence governing that class of cases, retired to the jury room and in five minutes' time they were back in the court room with a verdict in CHICAGO, ILL., SATURDAY, JULY 8, 1922 (Concluded from page 1) favor of Mr. Grimes for five thousand dollars ($5,000). The city waged a strong and bitter fight against Mr. Williams and left no stone unturned in its effort to head him off, but it availed it nothing. Three lawyers were hurled against him at one time, namely, Mr. Charles W. Pease, Mr. E. C. Lund and Mr. Albert O. Sullivan. The feeling was so intense on the part of the able lawyers or the city that during the selection of the jury a colored man found his way into the jury box. Mr. Williams was perfectly willing to go along with the colored juror, but the lawyers for the city hustled him out of the jury box just as soon as they possibly could, and the jurors in all three of the race riot cases tried by Mr. Williams were white men. Shortly after the termination of those race riot cases Hon. Samuel A. Ettelson, the great corporation counsel of Chicago, placed all of the remaining race riot cases in the hands of Hon. James W. Breen, first assistant corporation counsel of Chicago, and being one of the most resourceful lawyers in this country and understanding all of the laws of this city and the laws of the state of Illinois from A to Z, and after reading many law books of other states, it did not take Mr. Breen long to firmly arrive at the conclusion that "the city of Chicago was liable to the survivors of all those who lost their lives in this city during the race riots in 1919." Affidavit and Resolution Passed by the City Council, November 23, 1921 In the meantime the following affidavit which was brought forth by Attorney A. L. Williams and referred to the Finance Committee for action. The affidavit of Mr. Williams was as follows: A. L. Williams, being first duly sworn, says that he is the attorney of record for twenty-one (21) cases in the Circuit and Superior Courts of Cook County for death and serious personal injury sustained from the within named causes; that on to-wit the 22nd day of June and the 27th, 28th, 29th and 30th days of July, 1919, the within causes grew out of the riots of said dates by persons being injured or killed as hereinafter shown; that suits were filed in the amount of five thousand dollars ($5,000) in each case under a statute of Illinois and known as "The Suppression of Mob Violence," which statute is under the Criminal Code of Illinois beginning at Section 256 S to 256 W; that subsequent to the filing of said suits, this affiant tried three (3) of the said cases in the said Circuit and Superior Courts and obtained verdicts in each case tried, to-wit: Ada Dozier, widow, vs. City of Chicago, before Superior Court Judge Samuel C. Stough, verdict twenty-three hundred dollars ($2,300) from the jury; Carrie Lovings, widow, vs. City of Chicago, in the Circuit Court of Cook County before Judge Thomas G. Winds, verdict thirty-five hundred dollars ($3,500) from the jury, and in the case of James G. Grimes vs. City of Chicago, who was permanently blinded in said riot, verdict five thousand dollars ($5,000). This affiant avers that there is now pending under his supervision eighteen (18) cases as follows: Circuit Court B-62780, Cornelia Baker (widow) vs. City of Chicago, $5,000. B-62781, Julia Jackson (widow) vs City of Chicago. $5,000. B-655519, William Stewart vs. City of Chicago (was shot through his (body and leg broken). B-65520, Lewis Phillips vs. City of Chicago (eye shot out, shot through head and nergymmable disabled). This affiant further avers that all of the above cases are now pending and ready for trial in the Circuit and Superior Courts of Cook County, as aforesaid, and waiting for the disposition of the Council, so as to avoid duplicity in the trial of same; that ninety-five per cent (95%) of the plaintiffs are penniless and without means to obtain their witnesses at the hearing of the said causes, in order to make out their cases, and will be further handicap to a great extent; that the City of Chicago, in the above cases already tried, has made absolutely no defense by producing witnesses at the hearing of the affiant verily believes that they cannot produce any at the future hearings; that this affiant has persistently implored and pleaded with the city's representatives to dispose of the said cause without compelling the said several plaintiffs to go to any further expense of paying out witness fees, and also to save the time it will take to try said cases for all parties concerned, thus reducing the cost to a minimum for the said plaintiffs aforesaid, and prays that the said matter go before the Common Council of the City of Chicago, there to be determined as was done in similar cases in East St. Louis, Ill., on or about the 15th day of April, 1921, when the said Common Council passed an ordinance appropriating the sum of four hundred and fifty-five thousand dollars ($455,000) to pay for suits and claims pending in the said courts of East St. Louis as a result of the mob violence there in 1917, and in the City of Frankfort, in Franklin County, wherein the suits brought in the United States Court of the Eastern District Court of Illinois, and there the same was determined by a confession of judgment in said court and the said plaintiffs were put to the least expense in said cause. This affiant further avers that he personally knows of the destitute and personal need of all of the plaintiffs in the said causes; that he has been personally responsible and compelled to pay rent, witness fees, railroad fare and all, even to the extent of paying for food to feed some of the little ones left destitute as a result of the said mob violence, and prays that he be relieved by the honorable City Council from further financial responsibility, etc. Further affiant saveth not. Subscribed and sworn to before me this 16th day of November, A. D. 1921. WILL N. JOHNSON, Alderman Henry L. Fick introduced the resolution and Aldermen E. I. Frankhauser, Charles G. Hendricks and John H. Lyle spoke in favor of its passage, and the following sixty-six aldermen voted for it—forty-six Democrats and twenty Republicans—the membership of the City Council being sixty-six at the present time namely, Honorables John J. Coughlin, Michael Kenna, Robert R. Jackson, Louis B. Anderson, U. S. Schwartz, John H. Johntry, John A. Richert, Timothy A. Hogan, Robert J. Mulcahy, Jos. B. McDonough, Chas. S. Eaton, Guy Gurnsey, Martin S. Furman, Ross A. Woodhull, Shelldon W. Govier, Guy Maddderon, James McNichols, Leonard Rutkowski, Dennis A. Horan, Joseph Cepak, Anton J. Cermak, John G. Horne, Samuel O. Shaffer, Joseph H. Smith, Geo. M. Maypole, Oscar H. Olsen, Edward J. Kaindl, John A. Piotrowiak, John Zekala, S. S. Walkowiak, Thomas P. Devereux, Maurice F. Kavanaugh, John J. Touhy, James B. Bowler, John Powers, Matt. Franz, Henry L. Fick, Chas J. Agnew, Dorsey R. Crowle, Leo C. Klein, Furthur F. Albert, Walter P. Steffen, Thos. O. Wallace, John Haderlein, Leo M. Briesek, Frank J. Link, E. I. Frankhauser, Thos. R. Caspers, Charles G. Hendricks, Christ A. Jensen, Edward R. Armitage, Max Adamowski, Henry Schlegel, Thomas F. Byrne, James F. Kovarik, Wm. R. O'Toole, Wm. J. Lynch, Terence F. Moran, Scott M. Hogan, John H. Lyle, Benjamin S. Wilson, Albert O. Anderson, John P. Garner, John Toman, Jos. O. Kostner, and John S. Clark. May 2, the elaborate and far-reaching opinion of the corporation counsel, Hon. Samuel A. Ettelson, and his very able and honorable first assistant corporation counsel, Hon. James W. Breen, was transmitted to Hon. John A. Richert, the best chairman of the finance committee that Chicago has ever had, and on Monday, June 26, at the last meeting of the finance committee, Alderman Louis B. Anderson moved that the race riot cases should be the first order of business. His J. HON. JOHN H. LYLE High Class and Popular Member Thirty-second Ward, Strong Finance Committee, Who Earnest Talk Before That C Survivors of the Colored M Race Riots in This City in 1 High Class and Popular Member of the City Council From the Thirty-second Ward, Strong and Influential Member of the Finance Committee, Who Delivered an Eloquent and Earnest Talk Before That Committee in Favor of Paying the Survivors of the Colored Men Who Lost Their Lives in the Race Riots in This City in 1919. motion was seconded by Alderman George M. Maypole and Alderman John Powers, the father of the city council: John H. Lyle, Joseph O Kostner, Anton J. Cermak, Ross A Woodhull, Chairman John A. Richert Edward R. Armitage, Max Adamowski and several other members of the finance committee had joined in the discussion and after Chairman Richert had stated that the race riot cases had been in the hands of a subcommittee—namely, Hon. Ross A. Woodhull, Hon. Max Adamowski and Hon. Edward R. Armitage—and that they had reported in favor of settling the race riot cases after a clean cut investigation had been made. Then, on the motion of Hon. Anton J. Cermak, a resolution was passed recommending that the city council should empower the corporation counsel with the assistance of Hon. John A. Richert, chairman of the finance committee, to settle the race riot cases without any further delay. Hon. James W. Breen was on hand to answer any questions which the members of the finance committee felt like propounding to him. On Thursday afternoon, June 29, at the last meeting of the city council until after its vacation, it passed an order authorizing the corporation counsel and Hon. John A. Richert, chairman of its finance committee, to clean up or settle up all the race riot cases in Chicago. It is estimated that Attorney A. L. Williams expended well onto $2,000 of his own money in his great and memorable legal fight for right and justice in behalf of the colored people residing in Chicago. M. T. PEL M. T. PEL Member of the City Council From the Eighth Class and Successful Business Man Who Havenly Mentioned for Mayor of Chicago in 1919 the Finance Committee of the City Council W by the Colored People at the Critical Time Needed a Man of His Courage to Strongly O Settlement of the Race Riot Cases. Member of the City Council From the Eighth Ward; High Class and Successful Business Man Who Has Been Prominently Mentioned for Mayor of Chicago in 1923, Member of the Finance Committee of the City Council Who Ably Stood by the Colored People at the Critical Time When They Needed a Man of His Courage to Strongly Contend for the Settlement of the Race Riot Cases. Member of the City Council From the Eighth Ward; High Class and Successful Business Man Who Has Been Prominently Mentioned for Mayor of Chicago in 1923, Member of the Finance Committee of the City Council Who Ably Stood by the Colored People at the Critical Time When They Needed a Man of His Courage to Strongly Contend for the Settlement of the Race Riot Cases. Order of the City Council From the ing and Influential Member of the Delivered an Eloquent and committee in Favor of Paying the men Who Lost Their Lives in the 1919. CHARLES E. STUMP, TRAVEL- ING CORRESPONDENT FOR THE BROAD AX, HAD A ROYAL TIME AT LOS ANGELES, CAL. Los Angeles, California. — "I told you so. I mean by that that I told you the next time I sent you a letter I would be way out here in California, and you may put it down that this gooseberry is right here, and he has been in some real good company, and the trip from New Orleans to this place has been worth while, and I have been forged to change my mind on some things. I started in good company, was with Rev R. M. Caver, of Rock, Ark., pastor of the Mt. Baptist church; Secretary H. W. loway, of the National Baptist Benefit Board; Helena; and Mission Charles Stewart, of the National Baptist convention, Chicago. Now see I was with gospel enough that I must get close to heaven and refrain from using "cuss" words and talk just about Jesus and His mission on earth. I feel like I can now preach a real sermon. When I was informed that we had a Pullman through Texas, I looked at Secretary Holloway, and intimated that he must be dreaming, but it was really true. Holloway is a man who doesn't talk much but, honey, he is one more doer. Now, how them men got that drawing room from New Orleans to El Paso, I can never tell you how, but it happened. They told me that they would leave at 11 o'clock and I was at the South- (Continued on page 3) [Name] from the Eighth Ward; High as Man Who Has Been Promi- of Chicago in 1923, Member of the City Council Who Ably Stood the Critical Time When They ge to Strongly Contend for the Cases. I HON. ANTON J. CERMAK Member of the City Council from the Twelfth Ward, Chairman of its Committee of Railroads, Industries and Compensation; member of its Financial Committee and other important committees of that body, who recently had the moral courage and the manhood to freely speak out in behalf of the colored people residing in this city when they sadly needed a friend at court and for doing so the editor of this newspaper desires to heartily thank Alderman Cermak. (Concluded from page 2) ten Pacific stable at 8, so as to be on time. It was after ten, when an automobile car carriage pulled up tooting the men who were to go, and I went through the gate with them to that bed car. They had a little house in it. I heard them call it a drawing room, but I did not see anything to draw, except water. White folks looked at us when we got on, but we were right on as if we had been doing kind of business for years. After they put us on, a boat tooted over the Mississippi river, then turned that old iron horse to do 'his grunting and puffing again, we went to bed and slept all night: Bright and only next morning we were up, and crossed into Texas. Well, some of the friends knew that I was passing thru and they met us at the stair in Houston with lunches. There was a lady from the Mme Franklin Beauty Parlor, of Houston with a basket filled with good things She had been instructed by Mr. W. L. McCoy to prepare for us. He is the business manager, but was in Chicago they told themselves from Houston a Chicago in an automobile car carriage and are going to locate their manufacturing plant right in Chicago. I went out to get the chicken and then after another, and when I informed sound that the white folks had entered us out of that bed car, and believe me we got out, but they had also ordered all the white folks out into, because there had been a washout west of San Antonio, and that meant we could not get through. We were told that we could get on a full car carriage leaving that night. It was called 101, Solid Pullman. We all went out and called on the General Passenger Agent, Mr. Joseph Hellen. He had his office on the eighth floor of the Southern Pacific building. He made us as welcome to his office as April showers and May flowers. Mr. Holloway told him all about it, as did Stewart, and he told them that everything would be all right, and he would get us thru on that carriage in question. He had one of the number to return at 4:30, and he was put in touch with the assistant general passenger agent. He said that he could not get one of them little houses (drawing rooms), but that he had secured two compartments. I never heard of such a thing, and thought that he meant what is known as two sections, but when we got there, behold it was a little house, or two of them, and they were connected by doors. I will not take up time to tell you about the trim. We rode in to that all night—Monday night; all day Tuesday, and all night Tuesday night, reaching El Paso. Wednesday morning. Now, here we are in Los Angeles, and while I am stopping with N. G. Pitts, who used to live in Gurdon, Ark, the other men have special headquarters, and are the guest of the Rev. Dr. L. B. Brown, secretary of the general local committee, which is going to entertain the National Baptist convention in this town September 6. We did not come together, for at El Paso I left them and made my side from there over the Santa Fe, and they came over the S. P. I reached town at 12:30, went to the home of Dr. N. G. Pitts, and then used the hello box to call up Rev. Brown. There was a female voice who answered, and before she would tell me a thing, demanded to know who I was, or at least my name, and I furnished her with a name, and proceeded to ask some questions, and she answered them all with "I don't know". I said to her, "Madam, you are the most know-nothing woman. I have ever heard." She got back at me, put up the receiver. In the evening I met the lady, and she declared that I was the one who told her my name was Johnson, and referred to what I had said, and we had a friendly laugh over it. Again I used the hello box, and this time I called up N. D. Thompson, at his home. His wife answered, and told me he was not at home, and desired to know if I wanted to leave any message, without asking who I was. I told her that I was his Cousin Charles and wanted to talk with Cousin Noah D., and she at once gave me his business number, and I was soon in touch with him. Noah D. Thompson is a regular reporter on one of the daily papers here, and right in the office he has his desk, and is a business man. They give him all kinds of assignments. He is writing news, and not just merely writing about my people, but about all things that can be turned into something new. He is a great chap, and he has a wonderful wife and son. I am proud of him. Next found me out of town, and I got in touch with a real doctor. Dr. S. S. Turner, formerly of Shreveport, La; but is right here doing business. I am sure that you will remember I told you about her. She is one of the finest medicine and cutting doctors in this country. She has a fine office, and they all take off their hats to Dr. Turner. She examined my head, put on her apron, and soon was cutting on me. She knows her business. It seems that I am not going to get through suffering. Next found me in touch with Booker T. Washington, Jr., who is a real estate man in this town, and I am real proud of the success he is making. Without a doubt he is the son of his father, and some day the world will know that Booker -T. Washington, Jr., is in it. His wife is found right by his side, and they are making friends and are strictly business. He owns a fine home, a fine car, and, like his father, is extending his hand to the fellow that is down. He is making it possible for so many of our people to own homes out here, and if you want to get in touch with good bargains, you have only to get in touch with young Washington, and a sonare deal will be yours. Just think—this young man has since he has been out here, accumulated real estate in the names of himself and wife valued at $20,000 and it doth not yet appear what he will do. I am sure that the people down home will be glad to know this. He is not sitting down depending on living on the reputation of his father, but he himself is doing something. He will make his own record. Going down the street I had the pleasure of meeting George R. Martin, who is way out here from Knoxville, Tenn., accompanied by his wife, and they are doing well. He shook and shook my lily black hands and assured me that he was glad to see, in California, Charles E. Stump. I am here to tell you that everything is now ready for the National Baptist convention, which is to meet here September 6, and the people are getting ready to come here. So many people are going to make their vacation about this time, and will come right on here. I will have something to say about it from time to time. I will now bring this letter to a stop. CHARLES E. STUMP. MRS. PATILLO MOVES Mrs. Grace Patillo, well known fraternally, most excellent queen of Fidelity Council, A. U. K. and D. oI A., has moved from 3741 Indiana avenue to 3810 Grand boulevard, where she will be pleased to have her many friends visit her. CHICAGO, ILL., SATURDAY, JULY 8, 1922 HON. JAMES W. BREEN, THE ABLE FIRST ASSISTANT CORPORATION COUNSEL OF CHICAGO, PREPARED THE FOLLOWING CLEAR CUT AND LOGICAL OPINION, WHICH WAS TRANSMITTED TO HON. JOHN A. RICHERT, CHAIRMAN OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF CHICAGO, RECOMMENDING THE FINAL SETTLEMENT OF THE TWENTY-SIX RACE RIOT CASES, AS REPRESENTED BY ATTORNEY AUGUSTUS L. WILLIAMS. Chicago, Ill., May 2, 1922. Hon. John A. Richert, Chairman Committee on Finance. Dear Sir: In response to your communication of recent date, in reference to the pending riot cases, in which you state that your committee will not consider these claims except upon an opinion of liability on the part of the City and a recommendation from us, we desire to advice you that 16 of the cases involved in the resolution of the City Council, passed on November 23, 1921, are suits brought against the City for the death of persons as the result of injuries inflicted by a mob during the so-called race riots which occurred in this city during the months of June and July, 1919, and the remaining two cases are suits for the recovery of damages for personal injuries sustained by the plaintiffs at the hands of mobs during the so-called race riots. Section 4 of paragraph 256v of an Act to suppress mob violence, approved May 6, 1905, in force July 1, 1905, provides as follows: "256v. PENALTY FOR INFLICTING DAMAGES—LIABILITY OF CITY AND COUNTY Sec. 4. Any person or persons composing a mob under the provisions of this act, who shall by violence inflict material damage to the property or serious injury to the person of any other person upon the pretense of exercising correctional powers over such person or persons, by violence and without authority of law, shall be deemed guilty of a felony, and shall suffer imprisonment in the penitentiary not exceeding five years; and any person so suffering material damage to property or injury to person by a mob shall have an action against the county or city in which such injury is inflicted, for such damages as he may sustain to an amount not exceeding five thousand dollars." Section 1, of Chapter 70, Hurd's Revised Statutes, 1919, page 1663, of an Act entitled, "An Act requiring compensation for causing death by wrongful act, neglect or default." Approved February 12, 1853, in force February 12, 1853, provides as follows: "Be it enacted by the People of the State of Illinois, represented in the General Assembly: Whenever the death of a person shall be caused by wrongful act, neglect or default, and the act, neglect or default is such as would, if death had not ensued, have entitled the party injured to maintain an action and recover damages in respect thereof, then and in every such case the person who or company or corporation which would have been liable if death had not ensued, shall be liable to an action for damages, notwithstanding the death of the person injured, and although the death shall have been caused under such circumstances as amount in law to felony." Under the Statutes of the State of Illinois, any collection of individuals, five or more in number, assembled for the unlawful purpose of offering violence to the person or property of any one supposed to have been guilty of the violation of the law, or for the purpose of exercising correctional powers or regulative powers over any person or persons by violence, and without lawful authority, shall be regarded and designated as a mob. Where such a mob inflicts injuries upon an individual on account of his religion or race, it will be, in all likelihood, successfully contended that the injuries inflicted by said mob are for the purpose of exercising correctional or regulative powers over such person, and the action of the mob constitutes a denial to him of the right to life, liberty and pursuit of happiness as guaranteed by our constitution; and, where it is proved that a mob, within the meaning of the Statute, has inflicted such injuries, the court will, in our opinion, be inclined to hold the City liable and that, if a person so injured survives the injuries inflicted, he would have a right to maintain an action against the City under the provisions of section 256w, above quoted. Where death results from the injuries inflicted, as above described, it is our opinion that, under the provision of section 1 of Chapter 70 of Hurd's Re- vised Statutes of 1919, page 1663, a cause of action survives, and that the next of kin of the said deceased would have a right to maintain a suit for damages for the death of such person, and that the individual, firm or corporation who would have been liable for damages to the injured person, had death not ensued, would be liable to the next of kin, and, under the law, should be required to respond in damages to the defendant heirs at law or next of kin of the said deceased. The case of Louis Phillips is a suit for the recovery of damages for injuries inflicted upon the plaintiff at the hands of a mob at 39th and Halsted streets. The plaintiff in this case was shot in the head and his right eye put out, and has been permanently crippled as a result of the injuries sustained by him. If this case is settled, the attorneys for the plaintiff are asking $5,000.00. The case of William Stewart is a suit for the recovery of damages for personal injuries sustained by the plaintiff at the hands of a mob at 35th and Wabash avenue, who shot him through the body and broke one of his legs. The plaintiff's attorney feels that the City should pay the sum of $3,000.00 in settlement. We desire to advise you that three of the so-called riot cases have been tried, and in each case the jury has returned a verdict of guilty, and the courts have entered judgments upon the verdicts; one for the sum of $2,300.00, one for $3,500.00 and one for $5,000.00. Since our former communication to you, the Appellate Court has passed upon the question of the liability of the City for a death resulting from injuries sustained at the hands of a mob during the so-called race riots. In discussing the liability of the City in the case of Barnes v. City of Chicago (decided April 18, 1922), the Appellate Court said: "Plaintiff in error brought an action against the City of Chicago predicated upon 'An Act to suppress mob violence' in forge July 1, 1905. (Ch. 38, pars. 537 to 542, Cahill's Stats.) The City's demurber to the declaration was sustained and plaintiff elected to stand by her narr. "The declaration was in two counts. The first charged an assemblage of five or more persons in said city for the unlawful purpose of offering violence to the person and property of any one supposed to have been guilty of a violation of the law, and for the purpose of exercising correctional and regulative powers on any person or persons by violence and without lawful authority, and that said mob, composed of such persons while so assembled did fall upon, lynch, shoot, wound and kill one John W. Simpson, the son of $^4$ plaintiff, a single and unmarried man, who left plaintiff, his mother and lineal heir, who prior to his death was dependent upon him for support. "The second count set forth the same matters, with avervents that Simpson was a police officer, exercising his duties as such when so victimized by the mob. "It is contended by counsel for the City that the declaration is defective in that it does not allege that the mob assembled for the unlawful purpose of offering violence, etc., to said Simpson, 'supposed to have been guilty,' etc., or, 'for the purpose of exercising correctional powers or regulating powers over said Simpson by violence.' "It is argued that 'such other person' suffering death by lynching, as referred to in section 5, relates back to the particular person supposed to have been guilty of a violation of the law to whom the mob purposed to offer violence, or to exercise correctional powers over; in other words, that the declaration should allege that the mob assembled to offer violence to the particular person who was lynched. "We think this construction violates the intent and purpose of the act, as defined in its very title, 'An Act to suppress mob violence.' As measures to that end it penalizes by a fine any of the persons composing the mob, whether injury results or not, and by imprisonment in the penitentiary if damages to property or serious injury to the 'person of any other person,' etc., results, and furthermore, gives a right of action against the municipality, in which any such injury is inflicted, to 'any person so suffering' such damage or injury, and to certain dependents of a person lynched by the mob. In other words, the act penalizes not only persons composing the mob but the city wherein it does violence. In this respect the act is both remedial and penal; remedial so far as it provides for compensation to the injured parties, and penal so far as it renders the city responsible for the results of mob violence. "Such an act is a police regulation, and should, of course, be construed with reference to effecting its object, which, among other things, is to hold a community responsible for the effects of mob violence within it. It is said in County of Alleghany v. Gibson, 90 Pa. St. 397, 418, where the subject is ably discussed, that the theory upon which penalizing a municipality in such a case is based, is that with proper vigilance acts of violence may be and ought to be prevented, and that a political subdivision of the state should be held responsible for the public peace and protection to life and property from mob violence. "We fail to see in the act a purpose to limit its provisions in case of lynching to a dependent of the particular person lynched. The result of lynching is no less serious to community, or persons affected, whether the mob expends its violence on a particular party against whom its purposes vengeance, or some innocent bystander. The instances are not few where mobs have taken into their own hands the punishment of one who was unquestionably guilty of the crime which provoked the assemblage. But can it be said that the dependent of such criminal is more entitled to consideration and compensation, so far as the act is remedial in its nature, than a dependent of an innocent party, or that the purpose of the act, the suppression of mob violence, will be conserved in one case and not in the other? We think the restrictive construction of the act by the city's counsel in this respect, is not in harmony with its manifest purpose to impose responsibility upon the community itself for mob violence of that character. "The contention of defendant in error is that the phrase 'such other person,' in section 5, should be carried back to section 1 for its antecedent. Such strict construction would leave the words 'or persons,' immediately following, with doubtful reference, and if given to the same words in section 4, would limit the felony to damaging the property of, or injuring the particular person against whom the mob had assembled for violence and none other. It would be strange, indeed, if such a construction should prevail when the following part of section 4 gives the right of action against the county or city for such damage or injury to 'any person so suffering' damage to property or personal injury. It must be admitted that a less cumbersome phraseology might have been employed. But as 'such other person,' referred to in section 4, is a party whose property or person is injured, and the same phrase in section 5 refers to a person 'lynched,' it is manifest the two phrases can not refer to the same person. While the language is somewhat ambiguous it should be interpreted with reference to the intent and purpose of the act. If the word 'other' in section 5, which seems to have no logical connection, be treated as surplusage, the construction of the section is simple and conforms to that contended for by plaintiff in error. In fact its ambiguity is emphasized when considered in connection with the same word in the relative clause following it, to-wit, 'upon any other person who shall hereafter suffer death by lynching at the hands of a mob.' "Such a construction is also in conformity with the elementary principle that a person must be held to intend the natural consequences of his act and that, therefore, the victim of mob violence may be said to be the object of the unlawful purpose of its assemblage. "In an action brought under a similar law to recover against a county for the lynching of one Mitchell, in commissioners of Champaign Co. etc. v. Church, Admr., etc., 62 Ohio St. Rep. 318, 348, the jury were charged that the lynching did not raise a presumption of law that the mob assembled with that intent. The court held the instruction was erroneous, referring to the ancient doctrine of the criminal law, that although the assembly were lawful, the persons assembled might unite in unlawful conduct and thus become rioters. So we think it is inferable from the declaration that the assemblage was for the unlawful purpose of exercising violence or correctional powers upon any party lynched as the result of such assemblage. Hence we think the court erred in sustaining the demurre. Accordingly the judgment will be reversed and the cause remanded." In the face of the opinion in the Barnes case, it will be rather difficult for the City to defend the so-called [Name not visible] HON. LOUIS B. ANDERSON Member of the City Council From the Second Ward; Valuable Member of Its Finance Committee, Who Worked Very Hard to Make It Possible for the City of Chicago to Finally Settle the Race Riot Cases. riot cases. While the rule is that the decision of the Appellate Court is binding only in the case in which it is rendered, nevertheless, we have no doubt that the nisi prius courts will follow this opinion in all cases reached for trial before there is a final expression on the point at issue from the Supreme Court. Hence, while there may be some object in waiting for such an authoritative decision as would be rendered if the matter of settlement were held in abeyance until then, it will necessarily cost the City a great deal more if the Supreme Court takes the same view as the Appellate Court. Many cases will have matured into judgment and no settlement for a smaller sum than the amount of the judgment may then be accepted. Even those claims that have not been reduced to judgment will, in that event, probably have to be settled on a higher basis. In consideration of the foregoing, we believe the interests of the City can best be served if an effort is made to adjust amicably the so-called riot cases now pending in court. Yours very truly, JAMES W. BREEN, First Assistant Corporation Counsel. Approved: THE DYER ANTI-LYNCHING BILL WAS UP BEFORE THE CITY COUNCIL OF CHICAGO WHEREAS, Eleven persons citizens of the United States, have been lynched in this country during the past sixty days without due process of law, all being victims of mob violence, and WHEREAS, Lynching and mob violence is the one great stain upon the escutcheon of the United States of America and should be effaced by the congress of our nation, and WHEREAS, The bulwark behind which the adversaries of Federal antilynching legislation have entrenched themselves is the Tenth Amendment, which is: "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people," and WHEREAS, By a parity of reasoning, when both the United States and a State expressly are forbidden to take the life of any person, "without due process of law," most certainly a mob should be forbidden to take the life of any person "without due process of law"; therefore, be it RESOLVED, That the City Council of the City of Chicago hereby condemns the lynching and burning of human beings and in the sacred name of law and order urgently requests the members of the Senate of the United States to pass the Dyer Anti-Lynching law now pending before that Honorable Body. BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED. That a copy of these resolutions be forwarded to the President and Vice-President of the United States, the clerk of the Senate and the members from the Second Ward; Valuable mittee, Who Worked Very Hard City of Chicago to Finally Settle of the Senate representing the various states of our American station. ROBERT K. JACKSON Every member of the City Council voted for the passage of the above measure at its last meeting. Thursday, June 29, 1922. Mrs. Lucille G. Robinson, 3727 Elmwood avenue, is now at Ironington, Ohio, where she went on last Saturday to remain indefinitely. CLUB MEETS Cornell Charity Club, of which Mrs. Elizabeth Thomas is president, met on June 30 at the residence of Mrs. Lou Ella Young, 4114 Calumet avenue, and after the transaction of much business, its members and friends were entertained. RECEIVES PRAISES Mrs. Leopore Graves, 15 West 36th street, is being praised very highly by her many Virginian friends for the splendid program rendered at the meeting of the Virginia Society on June 21st, under the auspices of the program committee, of which Mrs. Graves was chairman. The society is growing and every Virginian in the city is invited to attend these meetings. SPENDS TWO DAYS IN CITY Rev. H. W. Jameson, national grand master of U. B. F & S. M. T., while en route from Pittsburgh, Pa., to his home in Peoria, Ill., during the past week spent two busy days in the city on business. While here, Rev. Jameson stopped at the Y. M. C. A. MRS. JOHNSON PLEASED Mrs. Eliza Johnson of Ravenswood has returned to her home much pleased with a pleasant week's stay in the city as the guest of Mrs. Lou Ella Young, 4114 Calumet avenue, head of the Household of Ruth of Illinois and jurisdiction. BAILEY ON THE JOB M. T. Bailey, president, The Bailey Realty Co., 3638 S. State street, spent the entire day of July 4th in Morgan Park, where he was of great assistance to the hundreds of people who came in the park to look over the choice lots for sale and many making purchases. Mr. Bailey is always eager to serve the general public. HAS LUNCHEON GUESTS Mr. and Mrs. Earnest K. Settles, 44th street and Langley avenue, had as their luncheon guest on last Sunday afternoon Mr. and Mrs. Hilliard Settles of Morgan Park, Mrs. Elizabeth Settles, and Mrs. Alice Johnson of Ripley, Ohio. Alderman 2nd Ward. IN OHIO 10 soft, silky hair that can be has made happy thousands of hair. It will do the same if lifeless or if you have dark of EXELENTO QUINING drugs. Price by mail 25c on receipt AGENTS WANTED-Write for Particular MEDICINE COMPANY, ALEXANDER SKIN BEAUTIFIER, an enliment for used in treatment of skin troubles. YOU can have soft, silk EXELENTO has made coarse, nappy hair. It hair is brittle and lifeless scalp, try a box of EXE For sale at all drug stores. Pre- AGENTS WA EXELENTO MEDICINE We make EXELENTO SKIN B used in t YOU can have soft, silky hair that can be easily dressed. EXELENTO has made happy thousands of women who had coarse, nappy hair. It will do the same for you. If your hair is brittle and lifeless or if you have dandruff and itching scalp, try a box of EXELENTO QUININE POMADE. For sale at all drug store. Price by mail on receipt of stamps or col. For sale at ANTWEEK. Write for Part No. EXELENTO MEDICINE COMPANY, Atlanta, Georgia We make EXELENTO SKIN BEAUTIFIN, an eminent for dark, shallow skins, used in treatment of skin troubles. TELEPHONE DOUGLAS GEORGE F. E F. HARDII GEORGE F. HARDING, JR. REAL ESTATE Up-to-Date or Mo and S 3101 COTTA Corner 31e FURN Brass and Wood Refrigerators Hardwa HENRY 2515-19 JAS. B. McCAHEY, President FRANK J. DUNN, Vice-President ESTA e or Modern Houses, and Stores to Rent COTTAGE GROW ner 31st Street, Chicago Up-to-Date or Modern Houses, Apartments and Stores to Rent 3101 COTTAGE GROVE AVE. Corner 31st Street, Chicago FURNITURE Wood Beds, Electric Regators, Stoves, Paint Hardware, Linoleum NRY STUCKA 2515-19 ARCHER AVE. President PHILIP J. Vice-President H. X. COME ESTABLISHED 1877 Brass and Wood Beds, Electric Washers, Refrigerators, Stoves, Paint, Oil, Hardware, Linoleum HENRY STUCKART 2515-19 ARCHER AVE. JAS. B. McCAHEY, President PHILIP J. DUNN, Secretary FRANK J. DUNN, Vice-President H. X. COMERFORD, Treasurer ESTABLISHED 1877 JOHN J. DUNN COAL CO. Telephone Oakland 1550 5100 Federal Street CHICAGO Phone Main 2017 A. L. WILLIAMS ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW Suite 706 Firmenich Building 184 W. Washington St. CHICAGO Residence 3655 Prairie Ave. Phone Douglas 9133 What Ralph BILL is a good substa who, like many up to a short time ago, his money systematically What Ralph wrote to Bill BILL is a good substantial citizen who, like many of us, had, up to a short time ago, never saved his money systematically. He never really thought seriously of investing in bonds until he was married a few years ago. Being in-experienced in financial matters, he wrote several letters to Ralph, an attorney friend of his, who answered all his questions in a very simple and clear manner. We have just published a booklet called "An Investor's Letters" which contains all of Ralph's and Bill's correspondence. You will find it very interesting and it may clear up some of the questions you have in your own mind about investment matters. We shall be glad to send "An Investor's Letters" free of charge or obligation to anyone who requests it. LINCOLN STATE BANK OF CHICAGO Under State Government Supervision 31st and South State Streets Telephone Victory 4500 5100 Federal Street Sicily Greer Praises EXELENTO QUININE POMADE Says her hair was short, coarse and nappy before using this wonderful hair grower. I silky hair that can be easily dressed. Made happy thousands of women who had it. It will do the same for you. If your bless or if you have dandruff and itching EXELENTO QUININE POMADE. Price by mail 25c can receipt of stamps or coin. WANTED—Write for Particulars. GINE COMPANY, Atlanta, Georgia IN BEAUTIFIER, an ointment for dark, sallow skins, in treatment of skin troubles. EPHONE DOUGLAS } F. HARDING, JR. Modern Houses, Apartments and Stores to Rent TAGE GROVE AVE. 31st Street, Chicago UNITURE Food Beds, Electric Washers, ors, Stoves, Paint, Oil, dware, Linoleum Y STUCKART 19 ARCHER AVE. ent PHILIP J. DUNN, Secretary president H. X. COMERFORD, Treasurer STABLISHED 1877 CHICAGO Residence, 1262 Macalitter Place Telephone Monroe 2714 ATTORNEY AT LAW Suite 318-320 Reaper Block Clark and Washington Sts. CHICAGO Telephone Central 1239 BILL is a good substantial citizen who, like many of us, had, up to a short time ago, never saved his money systematically. CHICAGO The systematic saver is the business man of today, and the man of ease in his old age. His thrift has conserved for him the money that paved his way to prosperity. You can save—start now. ILLINOIS TRUST & SAV La Salle and Jackson Streets & SAVINGS BANK son Streets Chicago ILLINOIS TRUST & SAVINGS BANK La Salle at Jackson Streets Chicago J. GRAY LUCAS Attorney-at-Law 204 East 35th Street Chicago Subscriptions must be paid in ad- due Year .....$2.00 Six Months .....$1.00 Advertising rates made known on application. Address all communication to .. THE BROAD AX It has necessity water b breathes, rectly or petroleum may be p July 8, 1922 Vol. XXVII. No. 42 Someone your the your ten tongue." and we we add. In Islay, one of the western islands of Scotland there is a village with a name of only two letters, On. There are said to be nearly one hundred places in Britain with names of three letters, such as Nox in Siswilshire and Jay in Hertfordshire. An old lady of seventy, a member of a long-lived family, had been paying a visit to her mother, aged ninety-five. The aged daughter was rather tearful at the parting. "Good-by, dear mother!" she said, "I hope we shall meet again." "I hope so, my child," her mother briskly retorted. "They tell me you are not looking very well." Find Prehistoric Boat. A well-preserved capace of the Stone age has been found in a bog near the castle of Cerliter (Lake of Bienne), in Switzerland. It is made out of the stem of an owl, and is eight feet long and three feet wide. Famous Health Resort. Carlsbad, the famous health resort, is built on a crust underneath which is a subterranean lake of boiling water, and all the hot sulphur springs have to be ceaselessly watched least the town be destroyed. Carp Has the Biggest Brain. Of all fish the carp, in proportion to its size, has the largest brain. Put Money in the Bank Every Pay Day THE BROAD AX Published Every Saturday In this city since July 15th, 1899, without missing one single issue. Republicans, Democrats, Catholics, Protestants, Single Taxers, Priests, infidels or anyone else can have their say as long as their language is proper and responsibility is fixed. The Broad Ax is a newspaper whose platform is broad enough for all, ever claiming the editorial right to speak its own mind. Local communications will receive attention. Write only on one side of the paper. 1206 So. Elizabeth St., Chicago, IL Phone Wentworth 2597 JULIUS F. TAYLOR Editor and Publisher DR. M. A. MAJORS Vol. XXVII. No. 42 Entered as Second-Class Matter, Aug 4, 1902, at the Post Office at Chicago, d. Under Act of March 8, 1879. IN NEW OFFICE Attorney Walter M. Farmer has moved his law office from suite 708, 184 W. Washington street, to suite 705, 184 W. Washington street, where he has better accommodations for his many clients. Attorney Farmer had occupied suite 708 for the past sixteen years. Easy. "George, you should get married," advised the married man. "It is wonderful to have a home waiting for you when you return at night. There is ecstasy in caring for a garden and a lawn; you can raise a dog from a pup, children are adorable and not trouble at all, a wife is an inspiration, and even if she does get suspicious you can always talk her out of it." "I could if I could lie like you can," said the bachelor, thoughtfully—Wayside Tales. An Essay on Frogs The Chicago board of education has caused a classic essay to be immortalized in type. It's about frogs and was written by a young Norwegian. The essay: "What a wonderful bird the frog are! When he stand he sit, almost. When he hop he fly, almost. He ain't got no sense, hardly. He ain't got no tall hardly, either. When he sit he sit on what he ain't got, almost." Mean Much to Nature Lover Mean Much to Nature Lover. The bird upon the tree utterts the meaning of the wind—a voice of the grass and the wild flower, words of the green leaf; they speak through that slender tone. . . Nor is it necessary that it should be a song; a few shot notes in the sharp spring morning are sufficient to stir the heart.—Jeffries. Treasure in Sacred Lakes Treasure in Sacred Lakes. It is known that for many centuries the Indians as a religious rite rheed immense treasures into the sacred lake of Gustavita, Colombia. Profesor Sarabee, an American, discloses that pure gold to the value of $600,000,000 to $800,000,000 had been thrown into many other lakes of Central and South America. Really Serious Horrors Nothing that is admittedly and unmistakably horrible matters very much, because it frightens people into seeking a remedy; the serious horrors are those which seem entirely respectable and normal to respectable and normal men.—Bernard Shaw. A Souvenir. The Boston Transcript recently ran across this in a story: "She held out her hand and the young man took it and departed." CHICAGO, ILL., SATURDAY, JULY 8, 1944 TORONTO BANK OF CANADA TELEPHONE DOUGLAS 6351 Res. 3646 Grand Boul. Phone Douglas 4897 Advice Free Corner Indiana Ave., Second Floor For Preference. For Preference. A reader mentions the case of a detective, who after twenty years, remembered the face of a fighter, and arrested the man when the crime had almost been forgotten. One would rather have that sort of memory than that sort of face. Valuable Petroleum. Variable Petroleum It has been said that every possible necessity of a man's life, except the water he drinks and the air he breathes, may be supplied either directly or indirectly through the use of petroleum products, and even water may be pumped by a gasoline engine. Mephistophelea. The name Mephtistopheles, is from the Greek, and it means "He who loves not light." The name was given to a Satanic persuasion of the Middle ages, who in the Faust legend is appointed to obey Faust's commands, according to the terms on which the latter has sold his soul to Satan. Admonitory. Someone says; "In private watch your thoughts; in the family, watch your temper; in company, watch your tongue." That is mighty good advice, and we are not hurting it any when we add, "and in a crowd, watch your watch."—Boston Franscript. "Fifty-four Forty, or Fight." "Fifty-four Forty, or Fight," was a very adopted during the northwestern boundary discussion by those who disapproved of yielding our claims to the territory short of 54 degrees 40 minutes of attitude between the Rocky mountains and the Pacific ocean. Molasses on the Water During a hurricane in the West Indies the tank steamship Philip Publisher, carrying molasses in bulk pumped overboard 280,000 gallons of the liquid to smooth off the seas and break their force. The action of the molasses on the water seemed to have the same effect as oil. Ship News. True Savings. "The love that causes two hearts to be sent as one does not guarantee a continuous performance," wrote the late Edar Saltus. He also made this true observation: "Life is packed with delights—which the majority of us never enjoy. The world is full of charming people—whom few of us ever meet." For Violin Backs When any figure appears on a smooth surface as though in relief, it is called mottle, says the American Forestry Magazine. The diddle-back mottle appears a series of hills and valleys and derives its name from the common use of mule with such figure in making the backs of viems. Odd Name for Village Cid Lady Not Worrying Find Prehistoric Boat. FUNERAL DIRECTORS UNDERTAKER 5121 ERNEST H. WILLIAMSON UNDERTAKER GARAGE CASOLINE OIL OPEN DAY & NIGHT Day Light Chapel, capacity 200, Outside Ventilation—Organ and Organist Free—I am as near as your Telephone—I give service at a reasonable price—Distance immaterial, consult me—I save you wor y, time and money. 5121 & 5123 SOUTH STATE STREET CHICAGO, ILLIN Phones: Office Main 4153; Residence, 4751 Champlain Avenue Phone Kenwood 5611 Walter M. Farmer ATTORNEY AND COUNSELOR AT LAW Suite 708—184 W. Washington St. CHICAGO Office Phones: Main 1612, 1854 W. G. Anderson Attorney-At-Law Notary Public 184 W. Washington St., Cor. Wells Suite 603, Firmenich Bldg. Residence: 3354 Vernon Avenue Phone Douglas 6045 CHICAGO PHONE MAIN 2214 A. D. GASH ATTORNEY AT LAW 118 N. La Salle Street CHICAGO Residence Telephone 3342 Calumet Ave. Douglas 1275 JAMES G. COTTER ATTORNEY AT LAW 145 NORTH CLARK STREET SUITE 407 Telephone Central 8354 CHICAGO Formerly Assistant Attorney General State of Illinois BINGA STATE BANK Under State Supervision Capital ..... $100,000.00 Surplus ..... 20,000.00 Offers Equal Service to All 3% INTEREST ON SAVINGS SAFE DEPOSIT VAULTS State Street and 36th Place Wanted Advertising Solicitor A live or wide awake newspaper man or solicitor can earn some easy money by calling on or addressing the undersigned. Julius F. Taylor, 6206 S. Elizabeth street. Phone Wentworth 2597. PHONE KENWOOD 455 West Englewood Trust & Savings Bank Capital, Surplus and Undivide Profits, $500,000.00 Capital, Surplus and Undivided Profits, $500,000.00 OFFICERS John Bain, President Michael Maisel, Vice-Pres. Edw. C. Barry, Cashier The Cranford A ranford Apartment THE FORTY-FOURTH STREET The Cranford Apartment Bldg 3600 WA ASH AVENUE The finest building ever op ed to Colored tenants Steam heat, electric lights, tile baths, marble Phone Main 263 J. W. Casey, Agt. 133 W. W. building ever opened to Colored tenant heat, electric lights, tile baths, marble 163 J. W. Casey, Agt. 133 W. W. The finest building ever opened to Colored tenants in Chicago Steam heat, electric lights, tile baths, marble entrance Phone Main 263 J. W. Casey, Agt. 133 W. Washington Su OUR NEW HOME FUNERAL DIRECT RAL DIRECTORS UNDERTAKER PRIVATE ANNOUNCEMENT WEDNESDAY AT ALL HOURS ALL NORWARD 455 WILAMSON UNDERTAKER son UNDERTAKER The Ventilation—Organ and Organist Free service at a reasonable price—Distance or y, time and money. CHICAGO Arthur C. Utesch, Aast. Cashier W. Merle Fisher, Asst. Cashier and Trust Officer Apartment Bldg. to Colored tenants in Chicago tile baths, marble entrance y, Agt. 133 W. Washington St. TORS NDERTAK GARAGE GASOLINE OIL OPEN DAY & NIGHT NDERTAKER. and Organist Free— reasonable price—Distance y. CHICAGO, ILLINOIS