The Negro World

The Negro Business The Voice of the Negroed Negro A Newspaper Devised solely for the Interests of the Negro Race VOL. XIV. No. 21 NEW YORK, SATURDAY, JULY 7, 1923 UNITED WORLD OF NEGROES, DESIRE OF MARCUS GARVEY FELLOW MEN OF THE NEGRO RACE, Greeting: I feel sure that none of you, meaning those who have caught the vision of service and sacrifice for race, has in any way faltered because of the sacrifice I have been called upon to make for the good of our grand and noble cause. We Are Negroes; But— We are Negroes, but we are not less than other men of other races in their courage and determination, fighting for a good cause. Bright Hope for All If I were to feel that any member of the Universal Negro Improvement Association or real member of my race had lost hope and given up because of my imprisonment and suffering, then I would weep for the failure of my effort to convince men that there is no easy road to victory and that if the serf must be free he himself must fight for his liberty. Teaching Shall Not Fail Surely my teachings of years shall not fail among the millions of black men and women who have heard me. Surely you courageous millions will carry on, fearing not hell itself in the struggle for a place among men and for the freedom of our country. Africa Enemies Still at Work to Discourage You I understand that our enemies are still trying to discourage you, and now that I am imprisoned they are endeavoring to use several of our disloyal presidents and officers at different points of the country to disobey the orders of the Parent Body at New York and build up little organizations of their own by which they locally could exploit the people. Fellow members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and fellow Negroes, watch carefully and guard your organization against local self-seeking presidents or officers. Remember the purpose for which you have been organized. It was not for supporting selfish men at your expense and to your loss, but for our coming together as one great body to do together what we could not do separately. Parent Body Like Federal Government The Parent Body of the Universal Negro Improvement Association is like the great Federal Government of the United States or like the great Imperial Government of Great Britain. All the States are subordinate to the Federal Government and all the Dominions are subordinate and loyal to the home government in England; so also must the divisions of the Universal Negro Improvement Association all over the world be subordinate and loyal to the Parent Body at New York. Therefore, any president or officer, whether he be in Chicago, Panama or Santo Domingo, who feels like making a little local personal business for himself out of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, there is but one thing for the membership to do, and that is to ask him to take his exit. Look Out for Disloyal Leaders Look out for disloyal leaders at this time. Keep your eyes open and make no mistake in putting them out of the association as fast as they show their heads. RACE MUST COME TOGETHER IRRESPEC TIVE OF OBSTACLES AND OPPOSITIONS A FEW MORE YEARS AND A DIFFERENT TALE WILL BE TOLD Warns Against Disloyal Presidents or Officers of Divisions ENEMY TRYING TO DISORGANIZE THROUGH DISLOYAL DIVISIONAL OFFICERS Local Divisional Conventions This Year-No State or International Convention MARCUS GARVEY'S MESSAGE FROM THE TOMBS PRISON, NEW YORK Scheming in Chicago Information has been supplied me that a few disloyal presidents of certain divisions have been sending out requests to other presidents to meet them in Chicago in keeping with a plan of the enemy at this time to destroy the organization. If this information is true, I now take the opportunity of warning all loyal presidents and officers of the Universal Negro Improvement Association to ignore such communications and forward same to the Complaint Department of the Association in New York. One or Two Day Convention This Year Each division of the Association will hold a one or two day local convention this year and prepare for the big International Convention next year. There will be no State convention, but local divisional conventions. Members, be careful and watch the self-seekers who have done more harm to our great cause than good. Watch out for disloyalty and do not fail to act in removing the individual from office. All Standing Together We can only win out when all of us stand together. Let no one fool you into believing that dividedly we can win. It is impossible. We must be united and together. Thirteen Persons Built Organization Remember, men and women, that I took thirteen men and women and in five years built up a world-wide organization of millions. Don't let the selfish devils tear you asunder and destroy our work of race unity and uplift. Keep up the work for just a few more years and God is sure to crown our efforts with success. Parent Body Sacrificed to Organize Branches Remember that the Parent Body spent hundreds of thousands of dollars and I ran the risk of my liberty to build up all the branches and divisions all over the world; and now is the time for all these divisions to stand behind the Parent Body and push the work. Worked Without Self-Seekers When we were laying the foundation, when we were making sacrifices, we did not see the self-seekers, so, members, beware; watch them. and don't fail to let them go. I am satisfied to be in prison because of serving the Universal Negro Improvement Association, but I would feel grieved to know that rascals and cheats have profited by my work and sacrifice. Biggest Negro Movement in the World Remember, the Universal Negro Improvement Association is the biggest Negro movement in the world: It will always attract good and bad men. The good you will keep, the bad you will put out. If we have to put out people it is because they are either helpless or crooked: if they are no good we can't keep them. Rally to the Colors Loyal members and friends, we now must rally to the colors. We must leave no stone unturned to push ahead the work of our organization. Support Committee of Management Please support the Parent Body through the Committee of Management. I ask and beseech of all members, branches, chapters and divisions to be loyal and dutiful in obeying the commands of the management, whom I will advise and direct with my help until I return to you. Let Us Pull Together Let us all pull together as we have always done, and don't allow the devil and our enemies to come between. We must all make one big pull and all together, and let us do this with clear minds and pure hearts. Don't mind what the enemy says That cannot hurt you. It is what you do and say that hurt. Honor to Be Imprisoned It is an honor to be imprisoned and to suffer for a great cause like the Universal Negro Improvement Association. My hours are made bright and gladsome when I think of you, the ones I love so much. When I think of the possibilities and glories of the future and the good my sacrifice will do in inspiring others on to action. I rejoice within me for the day and time in which I was born to render service to my race and its humanity. Fight Against Dreadful Odds To make our organization I have had the fight of my life. I have had to fight against dreadful odds, but now we are here with a big and wonderful movement, and all that is necessary to keep it a-going is your financial and moral support. Help the Parent Body to meet its tremendous obligations entered into to make you the divisions, branches and chapters and to make the world movement. Send In Your Support Send in your financial monthly reports and your help immediately to the Parent Body, Universal Negro Improvement Association, 56 West 135th Street, New York City. With very best wishes for your success, I have the honor to be UNIVERSAL. NEGRO IMPROVEMENTE ASSOCIATION. TOMBS PRISON, CENTRE STREET, NEW YORK. July 3. 1923. ATIC PROTESTS ENTERED AGAINST THE DENIAL OF BAIL TO MARCUS GARVEY PORT OF THE STIRRING, FERVENT THAT WERE DELIVERED, EXTING THE SENTIMENTS OF THE PEOPLE THE ACTION OF THE AUTHORITIES IN BAIL TO GARVEY Him Enthusiastically Adopted to Petition the President Batting Out the Facts of the Case, and Asking That the Injustice of Keeping a Man in Prison Pending His Appeal, Which Is in Violation of His Constitutional Rights and a Violation of the Principles of Liberty and Justice, the Bulwarks of This Great Nation, Be Inquired Into and Righted Garvey's Dignified Message From the Tombs Expressing His Unshaken Confidence in the Government of This Country Is Received With Acclamation by His People SUBSCRIBE TO THE NEGRO WORLD FILL IN THIS BLANK Publishers of The Negro World, 56 West 135th Street, New York City: Kindly enter my name on your subscription list for Domestic Foreign Three months, 75c $1.25 Six months, $1.25 2.00 One year, 2.50 3.00 for which I enclose the sum of in payment thereof. WRITE IN AMOUNT WRITE NAME AND ADDRESS PLAINLY Name..... Street and No..... City and State..... SUBSCRIBE TO THE NEGRO WORLD THE INDISPENSABLE WEEKLY The recent trial of the Hon. Marcus Garvey and his conviction continue to be the daily topic of conversation throughout the Harlem district. The three fruitless attempts made by Mr. Garvey and his lawyers to secure ball pending his appeal are being discussed from every angle, and on all sides surprise, and indignation are being voiced over the action of the authorities in denying bail. This settlement crystallised on Sunday afternoon at a monster meeting held at four o'clock at Liberty Hall, 120 W. 128th Street, New York City, when two thousand persons, members of the organisation and non-members, the latter stung into activity by the events of the past few weeks, assembled to give their projects concrete expression. It was decided by unanimous vote and a petition to the President of the United States acting as the acting president to be made into the and the subsequent actions prosecutor. William Sherrill, First Assis- sence-President of the U. N. I. A. Say "Bayer" and Insist! BAYER Genuine Unless you see the name "Bayer" on package, or on tablets you are not getting the genuine Bayer product prescribed by physicians over twenty-two years and proved safe by millions for Accept "Bayer Tablets of Aspirin" only. Each unbroken package contains one tablet. Each tablet contains twelve tablets cost: few cents. Drugs: also sell bottles of 24 and 100. Aspirin is the trade mark of Bayer of Monocaceticacidester of Salicylicacid presided, and among those supporting him on the platform were Hons. Clifford S. Bourne, Chancellor; R. L. Poston 'Secretary General; Prince Ishi Van Dove, of Abyssinia, with Prof. R. D. Irby, A. B., M. S., C. E., Private Secretary; Prof. D. E. Tobias, Hons. G. I. O. Marke, Rudolph Smith, J. O'Meally, Lady Henrietta Vinton Davis, and P. L. Burrows, Rev. G. Emonel Carter, First Vice-President of the New York Local; Messrs. Alonzo Pettiford, President of Detroit Division, I. E. Morter of Bellize, and H. V. Plummer, Mrs. Sharperson-Young and Misa-Agatha Cook. An Unique Demonstration The meeting was a unique demonstration of the unswerving loyalty of U. N. I. A. members to their great leader and of the remarkable growth of favorable sentiment toward the movement among Negroes, who, until recently, took no active part in the affairs of the organization. The meeting was actively and enthusiastically with the enthusiasm of an abiding faith. There were times when the proceedings took on a fervor which betokened a set determination and a depth of feeling. As the chairman announced the singing of the hymn, "God Bless Our President," a woman's solis broke in upon the meeting from the back of the hall, and the lines of the hymn, the gift of their composer, Prof. Arnold J. Ford, to the 1922 Convention of Negro peoples, of the world, took on a deeper meaning than usual. Many eyes filled with tears as these two verses were sung: "The tyrants" wiles shall never "Our homes asunder rent; The Red, Black and Green forever, God bless our President. Guide him through life victorious. Save him from accident. Grant him his alms most glorious, God bless our President." The proceedings were opened with the singing of the missionary hymn, "From Greenland's Ice Mountain, followed by the recital of a prayer by the chairman. Led by the choir, under the direction of Prof. Ford, musical director," God Bless Our President" was then rendered. The chairman made his opening remarks, and before the other speakers, Hona R. L. Poston, Prince Ishi Van Dova, Prof. D. E. Tobias, and Rev. G. E. Carter, followed, the hymn "Shine On, Eternal Light," was sung. At the close of the meeting all the members of the audience signed their names to copies of the petition. It is understood that inetceedings are also being held in every State in the Union For the purpose of having similar petitions, properly signed, sent to the Chief Executive at Washington. The Petition Following is the full text of the petition, the adoption of which was moved by Mr. Paston and seconded by Mr. Carter: "PETITION TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA FOR JUSTICE "Let Justice Be Dona Though the Heavens Pell" "Re: Case of Hon. Marous Garvey, President-General of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, Under Section 215 of the U. S. Postal Laws. "Convicted Through Prejudice on the Prosecution of Mr. Maxwell S. Mattuck, Assistant District Attorney of the Southern District of New York, and Tried Before His Honor, Hon. Julian Mack, and Denied Bail on Appeal Through Further Persecution of Said Assistant District Attorney." "THE FACTS "His Excellency, Hon. Warren G. Harding, President of the United States, Washington, D. C. "Honorable and Dear Sir: We, the undersigned petitioners, citizens and residents of the United States, beg to draw to Your Excellency's attention the following statements of injustice inflicted upon a fellow member and leader of the Negro race in the name of the great government of our country: "Marcus Garvey (President-General of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, an organization of over six million members, scattered all over the world, with approximately two million five hundred thousand in these United States, and President of the Black Star Line, a Negro steamship corporation), through the machinations of political and organization enemies within and without the race, was Indicted under Section 215 of the Postal Laws, namely, conspiracy to use the malia to defraud. This we commonly, jointly, separately and distinctly believe to be a frame-up charge against the said Marcus Garvey by his enamles. "For years (because of his success in organising the Negro race, more than any other Negro had done) plets were laid through his enemies by which he could be discredited in his work of Race unlift. "The effort of the Black Star Line was but an auxiliary movement of the Universal Negro Improvement Association in the industrial advancement of the race. In fact, the Black Star Line bore a relationship to the Universal Negro Improvement Association such as the Shipping Board bears to our great Government. The project of the Black Star Line was engaged in during the period of the war, when shipping was high. Unfortunately, the promoters, one of whom was Mr. Garvey, fell into the hands of white and colored commercial sharks, who advised and represented them. With enemies operating against Mr. Garvey as leader of the greatest Negro Movement in the world, and sharpers seeking to exploit the Corporation of the Black Star Line, and with employees edged on to disdainly and dishonesty inside the Corporation, without the Corporation being able to get proper redress before the law, a state of failure was forced upon the Black Star Line, and all for the purpose of discrediting the subject of their enmity. "For the good of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and for the good of the Black Star Line Mr. Garvey undertook a trip to the West Indies and Central America in February of 1921 to represent the interests of the concern for about six weeks. His encounters then seized upon the opportunity of further exploiting the Black Star Line through disloyal officers and employees, to the extent that $25,000 was taken from the Corporation's treasury in May of 1921 to purchase a ship from the United States Shipping Board for the Black Star Line. A Jewish gentleman in New York by the name of Silverstone got the money, representing himself as a broker. He made contracts with the Black Star Line through its Vice President to secure for the Company a ship in May of 1921. He failed to do so. He never lodged the $25,000 with the Shipping Board, as he promised to do. He kept and spent the money himself. "When Mr. Garvey made efforts to return to America from the West Indies and Central American after the expiration of his six weeks' stay he was debarred from securing a vise for his passport at all points. His enemies had planned to ruin the corporation in his absence, debar him from returning to the country and then discredit him before the eyes of the world. For such reasons false representations were made against Mr. Garvey by his Negro enemies to the Department of Justice, the State and Immigration departments, believing which, no doubt, the departments originally acted against Mr. Garvey, on the matter of his return to the country. "Through the higher senate of Justice, however, of the State Department, Mr. Garvey, after much trouble and difficulty, was permitted to re-enter the United States. He arrived in New York from New Orleans on the 14th of July, 1927. He was led to believe whilst in the Garvey's Message to The People Sets Out His Abiding Faith I have been informed of your effort on my behalf, that of holding a protest meeting to draw to the attention of the public of our great country the injustice that has been done me in the name of our great government. I appreciate very highly the step you have taken to arouse public opinion. I have an abiding faith in the justice of the people, and believe that when the truth is, brought home to them they will not be able to register their protest against any and all acts of injustice. I need not repeat that I have been "framed up" and sacrificed because of prejudice and the political and organization designs of my enemies. I believe that when my cause is properly presented to the higher and responsible officials of our government they will see that justice is done, and that they will not hesitate in, upholding the sacred principles of the Constitution. America is founded upon truth, liberty and justice, and these, I feel sure, will not be denied the lowest of her citizens. I desire that you be peace- Inl and loyal in your assembly and that you be mindful of the fact that I am always willing to suffer for the cause of my race and the general uplift of humanity. Be cheerful, be loyal, be firm, be men, is the prayer of your humble and obedient servant. MARCUS GARVEY, President-General. Universal Negro Improvement Association. West Indies and Central America that the particular ship to be secured had been actually bought. He was surprised on his return to find that his belief was unfounded. "Being President-General of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, a big international movement, and being invaillably away from headquarters for so long, and owing to the fact that the 18th August of the said year was the opening of the second international convention of the Negro peoples of the world, in session for the entire month, day and night, under the auspices of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, and over which he had to preside continuously as speaker, lie was forced to accept the excuses of the Vice-President of the Black Star Lino Corporation for the delay in the delivery of said ship. "Positive assurances were made to him as late as December of 1921 that the boat would be forthcoming, but as he discovered by inquiries from the Shipping Board through correspondence and otherwise that the money which should have been lodged since May was not wholly or substantially or partly lodged until December, and then $11,000 more of the Black Star Line's assets was pledged as an additional amount realized through the said Black Star Line by the said Silverstone, with the knowledge of the Vice-President, and said amount used to cover up and add to a smaller partial judgment with the Shipping Board, as to further deceive Mr. Garvey after he had started his investigation to trace the original $25,000 of the Black Star Line funds. "During the process of this investigation he was indicted on the charge herein complained of and on which he has been convicted through frame-up and prejudice. "We hereby beg to bring to the attention of Your Excellency that during the trial of Marcus Garvey and the other defendant officers of the corporation, namely, the Vice-President, Treasurer and Secretary, it was plainly visible that the prosecutor was maliciously arrayed against Garvey. The burden of his entire venom was leveled at Garvey, and he practically, during examination and summation, defended the Vice-President, even though, the acts of the man were laid plain and open before the court; as the minutes will prove. "The conviction of Garvey through the efforts of his enemies, in combination and through prejudice, to us is a blot on the fair record of our great Government, and is especially so because he has been denied the constitutional right of bail pending appeal. "The facts that the belief prevails that the protection has good manufactured evidence in prosecuting the case and in opposing hall for Carvey is reason for us, your petitionism, to request the interest of Your Excellency in the case and to pray that Your Excellency will cause an immediate investigation to be made into the entire trial and subsequent movements on the part of the prosecutor, so as to have the mind of our great Government from what is fast becoming an international scandal and the facts of which have surprised the Negro people of the world. "We solemnly and humbly pray that Your Excellency will take cognisance of this petition for justice. "Marcus Garvey is honored and revered by millions of well-thinking Negroes in this country and all over the world, and we feel keenly the humiliation that has been humped upon him by his enemies, which humiliation has affected terribly the entire Negro race. "We, your humble petitioners, love our country, and we trust that no such act as denying Marcus Garvey ball pending an appeal, a consideration that is granted even one accused of second degree murder, will be permitted to stand, and cause us, who have served her in peace and war, to doubt her fair play even to the humblest of her citizens. "We beg to remain. "Your Excellency's humble petitioners." THE SPEECHES Making the initial address, the chairman said: "It is indeed a pleasure to welcome here this evening not only the members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association but friends of and sympathizers with the Universal Negro Improvement Association, and some who have been stirred with indignation on account of the many embarrassing situations through which the U. N. I. A. has passed in the last three weeks and is passing through at the present time. We have staged here this afternoon this monster, protest meeting for the Hon. Marcus Garvey not only on account of his having been the victim of a net to get him that has been drawing closer and closer for the last seven or eight months, but because, after being convicted, the same man has been denied ball, even pending his appeal. Now, murderers get ball. Thieves get ball." (Cries of "Yes.") "Burglaries and highway robbers get ball. And Marcus Garvey is neither one, and yet he is denied ball. We do not feel that if Marcus Garvey was guilty, and he is not, but if he was, we do not feel that it is justice to the man first, then we do not feel that it is justice to the great organization of which he is the leader that he should without any reasonable ground be denied ball at this time. "There are many lame excuses given for this denial of ball, but we know it is only a part of the program that has been well laid by the opposing forces. We do not feel that the United States government, as a government, has maliciously and wickedly convolved and schemed to place Marcus Garvey behind the bars. We do not believe that the United States government has wickedly connived and schemed to prohibit Marcus Garvey from getting ball, for we do not believe that the United States government is capable of stooping to those depths." (Cries of "No.") "We feel that America, being a country founded upon justice and liberty and equality, we feel that America, to which persons come from all parts of the world seeking larger liberty and greater independence; we feel that America, that is known for its fairness and its justice to all seeking shelter under the colors of the red, white and blue, is above wickedly and maliciously, through any selfish prejudice on its part, stooping so low as to do injustice to one who happens to be a part of its government. But we do believe that there are some individuals who, perhaps, sometimes may represent the government, that may allow themselves to be used by agents or agencies for the purpose of misrearing Justice. And somehow or other we are led to believe this has been the case in Marcus Garvey's instance." (Loud cries of "Yes") "We have here this afternoon not only members and representatives of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, but we have in this audience Negroes who are not members of this organization, but Negroes who have been touched on account of the injustices to this man to the extent that they have come here to lend their voices and their sympathy to this protest meeting. And not only in the audience but on the platform we have men who have been invited and some who have offered their services, who are not members of this organization, but who feel that not only has an injustice been done to Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association but that an injustice has been done to the race of which Marcus Garvey is a part." (Applause.) The Hon. R. L. Poston was the next speaker. When five years ago the Hon. Marcus Garvey founded the U. N. I. A., he said, nobody bothered to criticize, for the same reason that a child escapes criticism. But as the organization grew, and as in the West Indies, in South and Central America, in Africa, and in this country Negroes were forced to take a different attitude of life, and as Marcus Garvey's slogan of "What white men have done black men can do also" became the slogan of the world of Negroes, the people who held Negroes in subjection in Africa and in other parts of the world began to become uneasy. "I am sorry," he continued, "for the part that this great government of ours has innocently played in this scheme. I am sorry that France and England and other designing nations R. L. POSTON AND PROFESSOR TOBIAS IN FORCE FUL. UTTERANCES WORTHY OF THE OCCASION AND WORTHY OF THE MEN. AROUSE THOUSANDS PRESENT TO UNITE MORE FIRMLY IN SUPPORT OF THE GREAT LEADER Professor Tobias Gives a Character Sketch of Marcus Garvey's Remarkable Personality and Incidentally Flays the N. A. A. C. P., and Declares That Du Bois Is a Menace to Peace and Harmony Between White and Colored People. He Also Emphatically Announces the Determination of All Red Blooded Negroes to Use Every Constitutional Means in Their Power to Secure the Release of Marcus Garvey We Are Going to Take This Problem Out of the Sordid and Vitiating Atmosphere of the Local Courts and Ram It Into the Realm of Practical Politics, and Run It for All It Is Worth, He Avers GENERAL NOTICE TO MEMBERS OF UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION Without Prejudice, This Is to Inform One and All That Is No Longer Officially Connected with the Universal Negro Improvement Association All persons to whom Mr. Garcia has issued construction loan bonds or receipts or conversed with for the Universal Negro Improvement Association are requested to communicate at once with Complaint Department, Universal Negro Improvement Association, 56 West 135th Street, New York. SPECIAL PARENT BODY NOTICE TO ALL DIVISIONS AND CHAPTERS EVERYWHERE To the Officers and Members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association: It has come to our notice that since the incarceration of the President-General a few designing officers and members are trying to create strife in the divisions in order that they may put over the things that they could not put over when the President-General was actively in harness. As loyal members of the association we are calling upon you to discredit such individuals wherever they show their heads. Inform us of their activities and they shall be expelled from the association. We are firmly resolved to keep inviolable the principles and aims of this great organization of ours and will do all and everything to continue the work as if the President-General was not temporarily deprived of his liberty. We desire to affirm that Marcus Garvey will remain President of the U. N. I. A. so long as he lives. His opinion is more respected today than ever by the four hundred million Negroes of the world., and when these plotters attempt to embarrass the Committee which he has left to carry on the work during his temporary absence they are enemies to the Honorable Marcus Garvey and the great movement he has founded. This warning comes from the Committee of Management as appointed by the President-General to "carry on" in his absence and we propose to "carry on" in spite of the few designing persons within and without the organization, who are wolves in sheep's clothing. These particular busy-bodies are active in the Universal Negro Improvement Association for reasons very clear. Put them down as the enemies they are and "press on" in the fight for a free and redeemed Africa. Beware of them! Keep us informed of their activities. EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE OF MANAGEMENT, UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION. W. H. SHERRILL, 2nd Asst. President-General. C. S. BOURNE, Chancellor, ROBERT L. POSTON, Secretary-General. New York, July 2, 1923. have brought about this situation. I love my country. I was born and reared here, and I have fought for it. I don't believe that this country would wilfully enter into the scheme that has been fashioned to wreck this man and to attempt to wreck the aspirations and the ambitions of the four hundred million Negroes of the world. This country does not hold anything in Africa. This country has nothing to lose should the U. N. I. A. succeed. But France, who has more subjects in Africa, than she has in France, Great Britain, who rules more colored people that she rules white, they are the ones who are instrumental in bringing about this thing, and this government is but an innocent party to it. "They speak about the Black Star Line. Why, the Black Star Line is not the thing to be considered. In the program of the U. N. L. A. the Black Star Line is but an incident. It is the spirit which says that we will no longer be slaves. It is that spirit which says that we are men, and as men we must live or die. (Applause.) That is the thing that the world is aim- ing at. The Black Star Line is but a subterfuge. In the court, unfortunately, the truth was kept out, but the truth will be known as God is in His heaven. (Applause.) Let them not think for a minute they can kill the Universal Negro Improvement Association by imprisoning our leader. (Cries of "Never.") Did they kill the Indian movement by imprisoning Gandhi? Can the fear of prison stop De Valera? Did it stop Lenine and Trotzky? Does it ever stop those whose souls are freed with a desire for freedom—and with a desire for liberty? And that is why I feel safe in saying to you tonight that in less than three months we will double the membership of the Universal Negro Improvement Association throughout the world." (Loud and prolonged applause.) The Real Prosecutors The speaker then went on to say that the stockholders of the Black Star Line were innocent of the prosecution of Marcus Garvey. Those behind the prosecution were the N. A. A. C. P., "the National Association for the Advancement of Certain Colored People." (Continued on page 3) GARVEY APPEALS TO MEMBERS OF U. N. I. A. TO HOLD FAST TO THE FAITH AND WORK TOGETHER FOR THEIR GOOD The following communication from Marcus Garvey to the stockholders of the Black Star Line, and advising his company to be careful and to laws and Constitution and to keep from being disorderly, should be read with interest and should be carefully followed, by every individual, who professes to have, the interest of his leader at heart. "To My Fellow Stockholders in the Black Star Line— "You like myself have been deprived of the immediate opportunity of doing for the Black Star Line what had been planned at our last convention. Those who planned to destroy us would make it appear that they have abundance of sympathy for the stockholders. You all know, however, that this pretense is nothing else but camouflage. It is the design used to reach your sympathy as a cover for the frame up and conspiracy from which we have suffered. "No one suffers more than I have. I hold, as you know, more than 220 shares in the Black Star Line that I have paid for to the last dime. My service, as you are aware, was mostly given free to the corporation, with the exception of $5,000, which I received for salary as president for about fourteen months, and which was all spent back in promoting the interests of the company and the Universal Negro Improvement Association. A Clean Record "Whilst I labored for the good of our cause others gutted to rob and exploit us, for which I must suffer. My years of service to the Universal Negro Improvement Association and to the Black Star, Line kept me spending every cent I had, for trouble was made for me at every turn. "I feel sure no thoughtful Negro would ever accuse me of depriving him of a cent. You know, as much as I do the history of the Black Star Line. As soon as a proper and correct report can be edited I trust that those who call themselves my friends will place the facts before the public. "I know that my enemies abound within as well as without, but truth shall be a hearing some time and some day. Until then I hope you will be firm if your belief that I have tried to serve you from a full heart and open soul, and that I am at this hour the poorer, not only that I have spent my last penny for the cause of, my race, but that my fair name has been robbed from me. Surely, a grateful world of Negroes will not assist vicious and wicked designer alien coteries to blast the name of a man whose only crime is sexicide to life." "The enemy sought the opportunity of heralding to the world that Marcus Garyey has been conceived of crime. You shall, I hope, hand down to your children the facts so that posterity might not write my name down as the enemy desires, but as the truth discloses. The Effort to Tear Down "The effort is not so much to get Garvey as to disable and destroy the work of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, the only hope of our race. I advise that you hold fast to the faith, in that they believe that in destroying Garvey they will succeed in destroying the movement. They have tried to humiliate me, but the foods do not know they cannot humiliate the soul of a real man. "I expect that you will so conduct yourself as to reflect the highest honor on the race. Remember, fellow Negroes, that we are living under the influence of the greatest government in the world. As citizens let us be loyal and obey the laws and Constitution. Please keep from being disorderly. Have patience. Africa's day will come. It may be ten, twenty, fifty, or one hundred years hence, but one day the great God will restore us to power." If my life of sacrifice can serve you, that I shall freely give. For you still I live, and for you if need be I am ready to die. Bad Taste Displayed "I am sorry that any of my American Negro brothers should make the statement contained in the white papers that they are glad of my conviction and that I should be electrocuted. I have worked to serve every Negro in this country and all over the world. I have fought most for my American brothers and I am glad to feel 'and so be able to say that the masses of my American co-workers in the cause of Africa's redemption do not share the glee of DuBois, Weldon Johasan, William Plekens, Robert Bagnall of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, or Chandler Owen and Philip Randolph and Robert Abbott of the Chicago Defender, George Harris of the New York News, and Fred Moore of the New York Age. These men being jealous and narrow-minded have sought to play the prejudice of nationality against me, in which they have got a few of the unthinkable mass to join; but when I think of the vast majority of American Negroes who are members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, and who know no nationality in service to race, I again feel glad and hopeful that all West Indian, American and African NOTICE The sisters and brothers of the late Mrs. Chas. Martin wish to thank publicly the many friends who have shown them in their recent bereavement. The unidentified wishes to know the whome- sman of her brothers, Victor Peterson and Joseph Peterson, died on June 18, 2015. R. A.; when last board of were living at 1515 St. Bloor, New York City, care of Odds. Negroes will continue, to work together for our common emancipation and for the freedom of Africa. "May God bless and keep you, and prepare you the better for the work ahead of you." "After you have exhausted your efforts in my behalf, I shall always be with you, in the spirit to direct and point the way until a brighter, physical and spiritual star appears to lead the way to Ethiopia's glory." NEGRO AVIATOR CONVINCES OPTIMISTIC PUBLIC Thousands of people of both races witnessed the aeronautical performances last Sunday in New Jersey. They were thrilled when Lieutenant Julian jumped from a plane 769 feet high, descending about 200 feet before opening the parade and landing on the spot where he said he would land playing his saxophone. They were equally "thrilled" when Captain McVey made some of the most daring aeronautical "stunts," turning somersaults, looping the 10 and a number of other daring" of exciting stunts. Surely these two young men (Edison McVey and Herbert Julian) both members of the U.N. I. A. have convinced an optimistic public. The idea of purchasing a plane originated over a year ago in the Brooklyn division, of which McVey in a member; a drive was made in the division headed by High Commissioner Tobitl, others, and myself. A w days later the idea was taken to the New York local, the majority being in sympathy with it. Everything went well until there appeared in the columns of the Negro World some of the most degrading and out of place articles denouncing this young man (McVey) as "an impostor having no knowledge of aviation." I was shocked with surprise when I saw that these articles were signed by one who claims to be a representative of Christ on earth, a representative of the principles of Garveyism and commander-in-chief of the Universal- African Legion, the Rt. Hon. Captain Gaines. Captain Gaines probably wrote those articles out of a prejudiced and envious mind. He should have known that the envious man or woman is in pain on occasions which ought to give them pleasure. On one occasion Captain Gaines said that he heard (hearsay) (estimacy) from good authority that McVey was never employed by the United, States Air Service. I do not know who this "good authority" is but I do know that a prejudiced and narrow-minded human being never goes to the right source for information but will stop some mishmended "sgalagaw" to secure information of an honest and upright man. If Captain Gaines had gone to the right source he would have discovered that Edison McVey was in the Ninety-ninth Air Squadron of the United States Army, attached to the first pursuit group, ranked as a first class gargant. "Convince a fool against his will he remains a same fool still, but convince that fool through his own belief, then in reality he is convinced and will cease to be a fool." I hope that Captain Games is now convinced that Edison McVey is an aviator and a very good one at that. As Captain Games has tried to mar the reputation of the world's champion Negro aviator by misrepresenting him to the public, I trust that he (Captain Games) will make an apology thus demonstrating to the public the true spirit of the Universal Negro improvement Association. PENN A. OSBORNE. 1907 Fulton Street. Brooklyn, N. Y. VETERANS OF FOREIGN WARS DORRENCE BROOKS HAR- LEM POST No. 528 ENTERTAINED On Friday evening, June 29, 1923, was the opening of a aftercare Post No. 528. The speakers of the evening were the Hon. Fred Q. Morton, Assocfiblman Henry Seals, R. W. Justice, director of New York Academy of Business; the well known Chief Lee of New York and Charles C. Payne. Lleut. Howard C. Bates, who is the commander of the organization, made the welcoming address and extended his congratulations on behalf of the post and made all efforts to impress upon the gathering that the Veterans of Foreign Wars would foster race pride and would be a helpful asset to the community. The Ladies' Auxiliary, of which Mrs Charles L. Dawpaw is president; Mrs E. R. Carter, secretary, and Mrs William Healy, treasurer, also participated A selected number of invited guests and their friends filled to capacity the club rooms, handsomely decorated for the occasion, due to the refined taste of the entertainment committee, composed of Joseph L. Mathews, Charles Winston and Lawrence Mathews. Refreshments in variety were served and terpichse took possession of the animated participants. JOHN MITCHELL, JR. John Mitchell, veteran journalist, leading financier and business man, has the sympathy of the craft and people generally in the trials through which he is now passing. There are very few but who have the utmost confidence in his integrity and believe him to be the victim of purely untoward circumstances and hope that the higher courts to which he has appealed will right the wrongs and give him an ultimate vindication.—The California Man. MONSTER MEETING the African Blood Brotherhood and another organization, a Negro organization, forsooth, which called itself the Friends of Negro Freedom. The spirit of Garvey, however, is in the bosoms of millions of colored people throughout the world, and that spirit can never be erased. In conclusion, he quoted: "Hard-fought and long the fight may be. Though powers of wrong be slow to yield, But right shall win the victory. And freedom hold the battlefield." THE SPEECH OF THE EVENING THE SPEECH OF THE EVENING The chairman then introduced Prof. D. E. Tobias. At the outset of a speechacy in parts, he recalled the words of Abraham Lincoln, in one of his great works, under the heading "Central Idea." "Public opinion on any subject," he quoted, "always has a central idea from which all its minor thoughts radiate. That central idea is our political public opinion." He instanced the case of Leo Frank, the Jew, "outraged in Atlanta, Ga., some years ago," but whose liberation was secured by the insistent good offices of friends. He held up a picture of Frederick, Douglass, "the Negro who went to jail, who was beaten down with many stripes, but who triumphed." He held up a copy of the "Century Magazine." That furnished him, he said, with a text from Dr. Du Bols, "the respectable gentleman who has never had a job, don't want a job, who would not take a job, and if he had one, could not hold it." Anoment later he corrected: "Dr. Du Bols has got a job. If Marcus Garvey stays in jail he will be out of a job. The only job he ever had was to fight Marcus Garvey." The thrust was received with roars of laughter. The speaker then proceeded: "I have known Marcus Garvey intimately since early in the year of 1918 and have followed him closely and made the man a subject of special study. "Marcus Garvey is a real genius. The man is honest at heart and possesses most extraordinary powers of mind. He is sincere and thoroughly devoted to the cause which he has so much at heart: Helping colored people. "From personal knowledge of human psychology, which I have made a close study during the past twenty-five years, in this country and in Europe (from the year of 1898 to the year of 1904, when I returned to the United States). I can confidently say that Marcus Garvey is the most remarkable man I have ever met. (Applause.)" "If I did not know, from personal knowledge of the man, that Marcus Garvey is a man of value to people of African blood and to the cause of right thinking, and correct acting, according to the knowledge which he may possess on subjects with which he deals, I would not now be ardently supporting him with the single object in view, that this man may be afforded an opportunity to show, to fair and just men and prove that he is a real friend, and not an enemy, to the colored people. Let the Truth Come to Light! "Marcus Garvey did not use" the motifs of the United States with the avowed intention to defend poor, hard-working colored people. Marcus Garvey is a man of vision. His whole heart is bent on helping, and not rubbing, colored people. The actual good Marcus Garvey has done cannot be measured in cents and dollars. He has caused the black people to think of themselves as a part of the great human family with possibilities before them to do and accomplish things, as other people have done and accomplished, and as other people are doing and accomplishing to-day. (Applause.) The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People is a social uplift movement, owned and controlled by white men and women who hire and pay colored men and women, as agents, to collect money from colored people and turn it over to white men and women, who keep books and make public only what they wish the public to know. The National Association is not a benevolent nor a charitable organization. It is economic and social in the sense that money is collected in the name of advancing colored people, but there is no program showing how colored people are advanced nor record how money collected for that purpose is spent. How "Color" Prejudice is Kept Alive "The National Association pays for clippings from the white newspapers of the country which publish all the news about how white men in the South lynch and treat colored people. Under the guise of putting a stop to the lynching of colored people in the South, the N. A. A. C. P. has collected perhaps millions of dollars from colored people and from white people friendly to colored people, in the name of 'advancing colored people.' This money has been, and still is, happened by white men and women; the only part handled by colored men and women is that which they receive from white men and women who own and "boss" the National Association for the Any One Knowing Whereabouts of W. G. Warrick. When last heard from was shef on an Atlantic steamer, and his New York address was $290 West $22d Street. - Bon, mother's heart school for a line from your pan. Anyone who wants to be a teacher at Mrs. Rachel Fambrer. 2005 Third Street, Avenues, North West, Seattle, Wash. DO NOT NEGLECT YOUR EDUCATION! BRAITHWAITE Prepares men and women for business occupations and affords those whose elementary education has been neglected an opportunity to complete their education. Thorough training in STENOGRAPHY, TYPEWRITING, BOOKKEEPING, ENGLISH, ARITHMETIC, MATHEMATICS, CIVIL SERVICE, ETC. Day and Evening Classes. Correspondence Courses in Shorthand and Typewriting to any part of the world. Write for free booklet and particulars. 2376 Seventh Ave. (At 139th St.) Tel. 9771 Audubon L NEWTON BRATHWAITE Principal "At the time the N. A. A. C. P. was started in 1896, a white man, forsworn in the movement, made the statement that by receiving one dollar per head from each of these so-called 'Negroes' annually, the white men and women who own and sponsor the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People calculated to receive ten million dollars annually. Marcus Garvey's World Conventions In 1930 Marcus Garvey held his first world convention in New York City. Up to that time the white men and women of the N. A. A. C. P. had been making public statements that colored people would not follow a black or a colored man, but would follow white, almost white and very light men with African blood in their veins. The 1920 Marcus Garvey world convention disproved all that, and hundreds of thousands of colored people attended Marcus Garvey's world convention. From then to now, Marcus Garvey's universal movement has overshadowed the white movement. That has been, and still is, the chief cause for Marcus Garvey's troubles and downfall. A Voice from the Tomba "The New York Evening World, June 29, 1923, published an article by Marcus Garvey in which the statement was made that almost white and real white people object to a black man being the leader of colored people. Marcus Garvey told the truth, and I have facts to prove what he stated in the New York Evening World to be true. "Some real white, and-almost white, men and women want to lead colored people and exploit them, and they want Marcus Garvey, a real black man, out of the way. These white, and almost white men and women are desperate, find it is they, and not black, brown and yellow-skinned people, who are a menace to the peace and harmony of Harlem. These people are the cause of most of the trouble called 'color' prejudice. "Dr. W. E. B. Du Bois (and not Marcus Garvey, a real black man) is a menace to peace and harmony between white and colored people." "If white social-uplifters will withdraw (from social work among colored people, the 'color' problem) can be solved in ten months' time. (Applause) " Judge Julian W. Mack, who presided at the trial and gave Marcus Garvey the full sentence under the law, is a member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People?" Proceeding, Mr. Tobias said he hoped Maxwell S. Mattuck, not only his agents, was present in the hall. "The government," he stormed, "is not a thing of itself. It is a machine run by men. And when those men are wrong that government is wrong. Mr. Mattuck has gone out, of his way to bound and poured and abuse Marcel Garvey, and I will not hold my peace (Applause). The gates of that jail will fly. We are not fooling. We are not talking about Gandhi in India. We are talking about Marcel Garvey in Harlem. That is our business, and the New York World is going to help us because the New York World has a record for being fair, and it will not sally that record. I claim it did a great thing when it published that article of Marcel Garvey's. I helped the World, big as it is. I want it to help me, small as it is. Mr. Mattuck says he will not give bad, well, Colleen Hayward is a bit bigger than Mattuck. He has gone to Europe. I am going to send my appeal to Europe to Hayward. He owes Harlem something and me something. I led a movement in the Fiftieth Regiment which caused Hayward to be a big man and to marry a millionaire's daughter I want some pay. (Laughter) Pay me off or I will tell you (More laughter). I am chairman of the working crew and president of the tell committee. Hayward does not do the right thing we will go to Dringhoff. If Dringhoff will not bear that job being President is a nice job and one man gets it he does not want to give it up we will go to the White House. We are going to take this problem out of the soil and vitiligating atmosphere of the local courts. We are going to ram into the realm of practical politics and run it for all, it is worth (Applause). Concluding, he stressed the power of the ballot. If the politician would not hear now the voters would hear in 1921. No man is easier than the voters. The matter under review was not a matter for Mr. Garvey. It was not a matter of the manhood of Marcus Garvey. It was a matter of those eleven principles of right and justice which he preached. It was a matter for every Negro, for no one knew whose turn would be next. Vinton Plummer Reads Message The chairman then directed Mr. H. V. Plummer to read a message sent by the Hon. Marcus Garvey from the Tombs. The message was as follows: "The Tombs Prison "New York, "July 1, 1923 "Members and Friends of the Negro Race." "I have been informed of your effort on my behalf that of holding a protest meeting to draw to the attention of the public of our great country the in- unless that he has been given the name of our great governor. "I appreciate liberty that you have才须 be free from prejudice. I have an abiding faith in the principle of the people, and believe that when the truth is brought home to them they will not be slow to register their protest against any and all acts of injustice. "I need not repeat that I have been framed up' and sacrificed because of prejudice and the political and organization designs of my enemies. "I believe that, when my cause is properly presented to the higher and responsible officials of our government that they will see that justice is done, and that they will not hesitate in upholding the sacred principles of the Constitution. America is founded upon truth, liberty and justice and these. I feel sure, will not be denied the low-case of her citizens. "I desire that you be peaceful and loyal in your assembly and that, you be mindful of the fact that I am always willing to suffer for the cause of my race and the general uplift of humanity. "Be cheerful, be loyal, be firm, be men, is the prayer of your humble and obedient servant. "MARCUS GARVEY. "President-General Universal Negro Improvement Association." Loud cheers marked the conclusion of the reading. Mr. Sherrill then introduced, amid loud applause, his Hoyal Highness Prince Ishl Van Dova, of Abyssinia, addressing the meeting the prince said there were those in the audience who would remember him. He was in the movement in the beginning and he would be with it at the end. He was at Madison Square Garden in 1920 when the call was made to black men the world over to take stock of their present state and of their destiny. He was at Washington when the armistice was signed, when, at a conference between Marcus Garvey, Munro Trottier, and Du Bona the question of what was the best thing for the race to do was discussed. It was suggested that a man should go to the Peace Conference to represent the race, but no such man could cross the ocean unless he went as a common cook. Then it was that the Marcus Garvey, realizing the pressing need, declared, "We must have ships. The black man not only needs ships but a country also." Then it was that Mr. Garvey set about organizing Negroes. He came back from Washington and entered upon his task in the Palace Casino. His success was rapid and remarkable. "God is with the movement and with Marcus Garvey and nothing can stop their progress," he declared, amidial loud cheers. The speaker bade his audience take a leaf from the book of the white man. The United States government cared little for a dollar when her people's lives were at stake. No one heard a white man quarrel about money when it came to liberating his race. The white man always农饔 the dollars, and then took stock afterward. Mr. Garvey was a real man. He was trying to instil uplift principles in the hearts and souls of his people, and it was for his people to do their best to protect him. The Jew was looking toward Palestine. It was but meet that the Negro should look toward Africa. It was all Africa, anyway. He was going back to Ethiopia. He stood ready to talk with them and stood with them, to walk with them, to do what they wanted him to be. (Loud Applause.) The character of this group mentioned the petition. The opposing forces, he said, had been found to be surprisingly strong, but everything was still being done to get Mr. Gerry's油 product his support. It had been decided to carry the fight on to the powers that be at Washington and to the head of the nation. It was believed that when the fact were clearly put when all the talks about imprisonment and the arrest of prisoners and of imprisoned criminal Nessens and of radical Negros was reclassed as the book it is, justice would be obtained. The petition was then read in the moving of the petition as read, Mr. R. L. Porter recited the effort made some time ago by the "Friends of Negro Freedom" to person the minds of Jews and Catholics against the organization. It was broadest in its circumference that the U. N. I. A. was in league with the Ku Kuxi Klan and was, therefore, accused of Jews and Catholics. That Presenter Mattuck, a Jew, showed considerable feeling in the case, he could understand. That Judge Well showed feeling, he could understand. It was practically impossible to select a jury in New York which had no Jews or Catholics on it. The Jews and Catholics on the jury were removed against Marcia Garvey long before the case was called. The world of large knew these representations to be false. The president-general of the organization was guilty of no crime, and be trusted the petition would be the means of awakening justice. Mr. G. E. Carter, seconded the motion, which was then put to the audience and carried unanimously. At the request of the chairman, Mr. Steamer "Grand Republic" leaves foot of West 132nd Street at 9:30 A.M. William Banks and Mary L. Brown, Executive Members; Harry A. Payton, President; James Garrett, Samuel B. Mitchell, Luella B. Pace and Chief Edward E. Lee, Vice-Presidents; Page T. Clay, Secretary; Oscar Godfrey, Treasurer, and Joseph Brown, Sergeant-at-Arms. Grand Street Parade, Wednesday, July 18, 1923, leaves Club House, 42 West 133rd Street, at 8 A. M. Monarch Elks Brass Band, Lieut. Frederick W. Simpson, Leader. DANCING Athletic Contests GAMES Civil Service Commissioner Ferdinand Q. Morton Will Award the Prizes to the Winners of the Various Contests Round Trip, $1.00 Children Under 12 Years of Age, 50c. Tickets on Sale at 42 West 133rd Street THE MARCUS GARVEY APPEAL AND DEFENSE FUND The Expected First Blow Has Been Struck at the Race's Liberty Everybody Must Subscribe Now to Test Whether the Black Man Can Obtain Justice As was to be expected, Marcus Garvey has been found guilty by a jury of white then of using the United States mails to defraud. Many believe that the charge was only a sham to get Garvey with the hope of destroying his work. The whole thing seems to be made up of an international plot which will shortly expose itself. Several Negro men and organizations have been parties to what some regard as a "frame-up," but Truth shall have a hearing. An appeal must be taken to the highest courts of the land to further test justice; therefore, every Negro of loyalty and manhood is asked to subscribe to this fund. The fight for Africa's liberty is just begun; let us all help. Send in your subscription addressed to the Secretary, Marcus Garvey Release Committee, 56 West 135th Street, New York City, N. Y. I. MARCUS GARVEY, have appointed Mrs. Amy Jacques Garvey, Mr. William Sherrill and Mr. Clifford Bourne, as a committee to receive and disburse all moneys for my Appeal and Defense Fund. (Signed) MARCUS GARVEY. June 21, 1923. (The Tombs.) Is your Bone Marrow drying up so as to make you lose weight or give you dull Eyes, or is it PIMPLE? PIMPLE! PIMPLE! Cheer up! A New York. chalamik knows of a sure and easy way to get well, he offers you a wonderful medicine called. JOYZONE RED BLOOD TONIC Swallow and few doses, watch yourself become stronger, more powerful, more energy. This tonic builds up the BLOOD, NERVES, brings back Carter made an appeal for subscriptions to the release fund. After members of the audience had A HOLIDAY IN FOREST VIEW GRAND EXC GIVEN BY T William Banks' Golden Democ TAMMANY. UNITE COLORED DEM 19th ASSEMBLY D Wednesday, Ju Steamer "Grand Republic West 132nd Street a OFFICERS William Banks and Mary L. Brown Harry A. Payton, President; Jam Mitchell, Luella B. Pace and Chief Presidents; Page T. Clay, Secre Treasurer, and Joseph Brown, Ser Grand Street Parade, Wednesday, Club House, 42 West 133rd Street Don't let sickness hang around; don't leave the grave. A step away from the grave. It is the sick ones that get it. Prepare yourself, fight it off! Write the right now, tomorrow may be too late. Address D. M. WOTON SAKSON. P. O. Box 47. Hamilton Grange Station, New York City. signed the patilies the proceedings were closed with the singing of the Ethiopian National Anthem. The Negro World does not knowingly accept questionable or fraudulent advertising. Readers of the Negro World are earnestly requested to invite our attention to any failure on the part of an advertiser to adhere to any representation contained in a Negro World advertisement. ALL WE ASK IS JUSTICE NY is Marcus Garvey denied bail? This is the public is asking. Why allow him four days to adjust his affairs and at the same time keep him adjusted? Why is he denied bail, we wish older indictment he was allowed to go about having hundred dollars. Now that he is adjudged twelve in this indictment he is denied on one count—a shimmering, tottering court, its sole support a Bismsy empty envelope, may be admitted to bail, while Garvey, who is bail, may proved himself innocent to the world. What did the mails with intent to defraud? When proven? How and when was proof of the felentless persecution of a man whose only grog, whose only offense is that of standing and unafraid? Is Garvey was prosecuted by the government of his inalienable right amounts to persecution, per se can do no wrong, its constituted of doing much that is wrong. The gorges, of the government are trustees, and he are created for the benefit of the people, any one man or group of men. And the government. The Assistant District Attorney has purchased firearms originated from by him to a still lower use. What foolish statement proves that the gentleman, the members of the Universal Negro Improvement Society is not one that can be fought with physical fight, and we are not fighting to be held, which transcends all force known to man in this higher and more potential furnace. Some persecution of Garvey is unworthy of judgment, which stands for equal and exact justice or persuasion, religious or political. This persecution. If Garvey's followers would they be most likely to rise? Whilst imprisoned, or would it be when he? Ah, Justice, what crimes are committed on it is somebody's desire that something will not happen. We believe in time—silent, fiercely-failing time. We can wait. We will wait if justice is injustice. We protest against thevey. It is impossible to be just and unfair to allow Marcus Garvey bail is certainly a piece of sufficient grounds to warrant this menace at all, is more of a menace in prison. Under why the Assistant District Attorney fights Garvey out. Is not his conviction—the—enough to satisfy his voracious appetites because Garvey showed him no quarter in fought him every inch of the way. Does God? Is he not satisfied with his pound of he have—the total destruction of Marcus Garvey both Marcus Garvey and his cause are beyond reduction. Why this persecution of Garvey. The public wants to know. The public wants to know. What is the real purpose of bail? Is there "something rotten in the state wants to know." WHY is Marcus Garvey denied bail? This is what a concerned public is asking. Why allow him four months so as to adjust his affairs and at the same time keep him from the affairs to be adjusted? Why is he denied bail, we wish to know? While he was under indictment he was allowed to go about at will under bail of twenty-five hundred dollars. Now that he is adjudged guilty on one count out of twelve in this indictment he is denied bail emphatically; convicted on one count—a shimmering, tottering count, a single count having as its sole support a flimsy empty envelope. A second degree murderer may be admitted to bail, while Garvey, who is not a murderer, is denied bail. Garvey proved himself innocent to the world. When was it proven that he used the mails with intent to defraud? When and where was the infant proven? How and when was proof of fraud established? Why this relentless persecution of a man whose only crime is that of being a Negro, whose only offense is that of standing up like a man, courageous and unafraid? Marcus Garvey was prosecuted by the government. We say to deprive him of his inalienable right amounts to persecution. While the government per se can do no wrong, its constituted agents are human and capable of doing much that is wrong. The government is a trust and the officers of the government are trustees, and both the trust and the trustees are created for the benefit of the people and not for the benefit of any one man or group of men. And the government should never persecute. and is applied by him to a still lower use. What fools some mortals be! This slanderous statement proves that the gentleman little knows the temper of the members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. Our battle is not one that can be fought with physical force. That would be a losing fight, and we are not fighting to lose. There is a higher force, which transcends all force known to man. Our weapons are forged in this higher and more potential furnace. This insane persecution of Garvey is unworthy of the great American Government, which stands for equal and exact justice to man of whatever state or persuasion, religious or political. The government is no party to this persecution. If Garvey's followers were of the rising sort, when would they be most likely to rise? While he is, in their opinion, unjustly imprisoned, or would it be when he was free and among them? Ah, Justice, what crimes are committed in thy name! In our opinion it is somebody's desire that something happen; but this something will not happen. We believe in time—silent, illimitable, unending, never-failing time. We can wait. We will wait. Delay of justice is injustice. We protest against this persecution of Marcus Garvey. It is impossible to be just and unfair at the same time. And refusal to allow Marcus Garvey bail is certainly unfair, especially in the absence of sufficient grounds to warrant this refusal. Marcus Garvey, if a menace at all, is more of a menace in prison than he would be out of it. We wonder why the Assistant District Attorney fights every effort to bail Marcus Garvey out. Is not his conviction—the extreme penalty on one count—enough to satisfy his voracious appetite for vengeance? Vengeance because Garvey showed him no quarter in conducting his defense, but fought him every inch of the way. Does he also wish an ounce of blood? Is he not satisfied with his pound of flesh? What else would he have—the total destruction of Marcus Garvey? This can never be. Both Marcus Garvey and his cause are beyond the powers of human destruction. Why this persecution of Garvey? Why is he denied bail? The public wants to know. The public wonders why this persecution of Marcus Garvey. What is the real purpose, this refusal to allow him bail? Is there "something rotten in the state of Denmark"? The public wants to know. T. W. A. PULLING THE RACE APART e of June 23 last the Pittsburgh American ca of star-gazing Negro leaders-pulling against the race apart by their envious and arrogant and the best place in the sun. Creating not al with anything but talk, the pull-operator Africa devote all their thought, energy and s e progress of the race by hindering those race. this caption, the cartoonist tells the story aroment today. They will not tell the story In its issue of June 23 last the Pittsburgh American carries a striking cartoon of star-gazing Negro leaders-pulling against each other and drawing the race apart by their envious and arrogant struggle for supremacy and the best place in the sun. Creating nothing, supporting nothing racial with anything but talk, the pull-operators of the Negro race in America devote all their thought, energy and sinister influence to impede the progress of the race by hindering those sacrificing their lives in service. Under this caption the cartoonist tells the story of most Negro troubles in America today. They will not pull together, but pull against each other. They are star gazers, with their feet planted firmly on earth, who persist with all their might in pulling the race apart; they are engaged in a hopeless struggle to get power. They are holding their entire race up to the ridicule of the world. Who shall be the greatest? This is a question worrying more Negro "leaders" than that other important question. Who shall work hardest and contribute most to the permanent advancement of the race? No one can observe the daily life of the Negroes in America without noticing the great difference between the aspirations, ambitions and habits of corresponding classes in any town or city. There is the individual "rich" Negro, who freezes to his money and never contributes to anything racial. The "social" high-brow, who lives up to his last dollar trying to imitate rich white Americans, is familiar to everybody. There are men and women laboring strenuously and faring poorly, who support everything the race tends to do. Great poverty is evident in spite of some signs of prosperity. And the hopeless gap dividing Negroes into classes is as wide as in the yawning chasm separating all the poor of America, who are virtually slaves of the rich in this country. America, who are virtually slaves of the rich in this country. Few Negro "leaders" are able to see any far-off good for them to aim at, so they busy themselves trying to get what they can on the way. Woe unto the individual who is trying to do the same thing and happens to get in their path. The moment their ambitions conflict, then the pull in the race begins. They question each other's honor. One lies about the other. Knowing that hatred and suspicion are useful in destroying man's faith in man, pull-operators make use of them on any and all occasions to accomplish the destruction of each other. They carry their sight into the church, the lodge, the school, their organizations, and seek by every means in their power to encompass the destruction of the object of their envy, hate and jealousy. They thirst for power, but do not know how to get it. According to their theory and way the world ought to be changed in a day. Yet they disregard the naked fact that the problem of Negroes in America is economic and the road to self-help and power lies along the path of organized production rather than organized consumption. Negroes in America are at the fork of three roads. The roads are so plainly marked that anyone with the simplest intelligence can see. The masses have become weary of "leaders" who devote their lives to solving problems by talk without constructive aim and work. The average Negro is no longer the fool some "leaders" believe he is. He knows that the struggle of these "leaders" for power is futile and has been carried on through all the years at a fearful cost—a struggle that begins and ends in petty jealousy, envy and arrogance. The great body of Negroes in this country is sick and tired of this program. They are irritable, suspicious and have made up their minds that the pulloperators assuming to be "leaders" are the worst enemies of the race in this country. This explains the revolution against present-day leadership, and, we may add, gives the reason for the success of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. BRUCE GRIT'S COLUMN No friend or well-wisher of Marcus Garvey will say or do anything to injure him or the cause he represents at this or any other time. All who wish him well should remember that, "Speech is silver, silence is golden." Let the eloquent silence prevail while efforts are making to secure Mr. Marcus Garvey his constitutional right to appeal his case and to bail. Lone and reckless talk on the part of those calling themselves his friends will do him more harm than good. Let us do more thinking than talking. Vengeance is not justice. Justice is bound to prevail. who believes that business is business, and that there is no sentiment in it, and this is the correct view to take of business requiring brains for its successful direction and presentation. In "Newest Africa," by Joseph H. Reading, I ran across the following: "This country" (Liberia) asserted Mr. Shiff, "will never be worth anything until white men come here and make these follows work. It is all very well to talk about the black man, but he will not stick steady to work unless he has to. I have lived among them for a good many years and I find the great trouble --- The Edenization of the world is still an iridescent dream, while the Fatherhood of God and the brotherhood of man are merely high sounding phrases employed by elerymen and plous-minded laymen to help keep the old ship of Zion from stirling on the rocks. While guns and acroplanes, bombs and ammunition continue to be manufactured by the nations we need not look for nor expect to see anything remotely re-creating Eden (except on paper) until after the battle of Armageddon, for the world is still full of the devil and all unrightousness. Doing things in a big way is so unusual among Negroes that our white critics marvel at the audacity of Marcus Garvey in attempting to put over big propositions which only the cowardice, fear of failure and responsibility on the part of his own race defended. The Negro who thinks in millions is regarded by the white man as a dreamer and by most Negroes who have come to acknowledge the white man as the only legitimate claimant to this right. As a crazy man seeking the unattainable—well, Marcus Garvey has made a beginning and has set Negroes all over the world thinking about doing things in a big way, and some of them are going to do them sooner or later. There is no more reason why Negroes cannot do things in a big way than there is why white men cannot do things in a big way. The success of all these efforts is based in the faith of the door in his scheme and of those who back him. J. P. Morgan is an example of the type of man who did big things in a big way and made many men rich beyond the dreams of avarice because they had faith in his judgment and followed his advice. The timid, trembling Negro fixes the limit of his wealth at $1,000 or $5,000 and hesitates to go in for a million or two because that field appears to be preempted by white men. And, besides, he wouldn't know what to do with a million if he had it. Garvey's "big business" ideas are going to bear good fruit in time in that the Negro the wide world over is good going to realize that there is no limit to the possibilities of any man, white or black, who has brains, ability, business acumen and the personal courage to go after what is his own in business and commerce and in all other legitimate pursuits. Garvey is a hundred years in advance of his race, and if he never does another thing for it, the fact that he has made the attempt to do things in a big way will remain to his eternal credit. Wake up, ye Negroes, don your thinking caps and go to it. Negroes in Africa do things in a big way and are succeeding. On the Gold Coast there are a number of millionaires who saw their opportunity during the world war to increase their wealth. They did it in a big way. I know a gentleman in Nigeria, a black gentleman, a dealer in native products and general shipper, who conducts one of the largest establishments of its kind on the West coast. His head clerk visited me in New York some three years ago on his vacation and told me that his employer had a staff of white clerks in all his establishments along, the Coast and employed them for the same reason that Jews employ Negroes, an salesman gird, women in their stores and shops in Harlem or wherever there is a large Negro population. These Englishmen give good results, as the balance sheets show at the end of each quarter. An African chief clerk with a dozen or more bright young Africans supervise the business of this shrewd black merchant, who is rapidly reaching the millionaire class. who believes that business is business, and that there is no sentiment in it, and this is the correct view to take of business requiring brains for its successful direction and prosecution. In "Newest Africa," by Joseph H. Reading, I ran across the following: "This country" (Liberia) asserted Mr. Schiff, "will never be worth anything until white men come here and make these follows work. It is all very well to talk about the black man, but he will not stick steady to work unless he has to. I have lived among them for a good many years and I find the great trouble with them is that if left to themselves, they will not stick to anything; they will work, some to be sure, but it is a little here, and a little there, and in the end it amounts to a little nought times nought is nought-nought, and no matter how long a string you have of them, they are of no value to you except you put a figure in front of them. Just so with these people. Put them under capable white men, and they will do good work, but they themselves, they accomplish nothing. If I left them to themselves, they accomplished little, but if I went with them and directed them, it was surprising how much they could do." "And it is not direction along they need," responded Schiff, "they must be made to feel the pressure of necessity. They should have a fair compensation for their labor. I grant you, but at the same time, they should be compelled to work. If these people were compelled to work eight hours a day, under intelligent direction, they would soon made this land look like one great pleasure garden. "This very Liberia, if it were properly cultivated, could raise enough produce to load a steamer every day in the year. I tell you, the time has come when the world can no longer afford to let such a country as this go to waste simply to supply a stamping ground for a lot of wild Niggers to life around in. It ought to be put to some better use." Well, Schiff, said Captain Thompson, I believe you are more than half right. "I know I am," answered Schiff, "and it won't be long before the world sees it, too." Comment is almost unnecessary. The reader can not fail to see the drift things are taking, nor to realize with what keen interest the white man the world over is regarding the visible and invisible riches of our Fatherland—Africa. He sees them and he is preparing to seize them. A piece of news that is causing some anxiety in Europe and elsewhere is a story published in an English publication, "News of the World" that; France is training 1,000,000 black soldiers in the French colonies of Africa." Weft, suppose she is, what of it—whose afraid of a million trained black soldiers? 一 A correspondent of mine in London writing under date June 18, 1923, says: When I handed here last year, I found that the English Actors' Association had put down its foot against the landings here of any Negroes from America to play "Shuffle Along" or "Emperor Jones" or anything of the kind. They claimed that they had quite enough unemployed players here to import any from outside. I noticed, however, that there was no objections to Russian ballets and French and Italian artists. No, not even to White Americans! Only "Shuffle Along" and "Emperor Jones" were calculated to intensify stage unemployment. Some one actually sang a white "Shuffle Along" with the subtitle of "A Musical Comedy" in Ten Shuffles, presumably to show, that white actors could shuffle just as pretty as Lottie Gee. This year, however, some theatrical magnaeer gathered enough plack to import some Negro actors. The opposition was so serious that the government had to answer questions in Parliament to justify the landing permission to Negroes, while white actors were unemployed. To curnh the opposition the manager felt obliged to give the Negroes only such parts as white people could not do. You can understand what this letter would read like if every fourth sentence had to be composed and written by some INTERESTING IMPRESSIONS OF AN HISTORIC TRIAL GRAPHICALLY TOLD one on. When the black, yellow stopped on the stage they carried only the shells of their "party," and were successfully booed off the stage. "Out cut the niggers!" pulled the crowd, and out, cut they were in less than a forty-night. By that time Florence Hills and her "Plantation" crowd had arrived to lend color to a new venue entitled "Dover street to Dixie." Dover street, I may tell you, is in Mayfair, the Riverside of London. The Dover street part of the revue is in charge of Lilly Whitehand. The interval is a kind of Mason and Dixon line, for after the interval comes Dixie—the Jim Crow end of the show. I am told, that a few persons boded the se and part when the show opened last week. This evidently fired Florence and the sable sons and daughters of our black mammals. From start to finish they raised high the standard of their race and color and sang, and danced their way into the hearts of the English crowds. They have conquered. Even the couple of dalles who tried, to run, them down were forced to admit that the white section of the show is even SIDELIGHT8 BY A SCRIBE Now that the first flush of excitement over the trial of Marcus Garvey has subsided, it may not be amiss for an onlooker to chronicle some courtroom impressions of this cause celebre. As a member for years 'of the much-maligned yet omnipowerful fourth estate, the writer of these notes,' who was present throughout the trial, seeks to let in a ray of light on the epochal event just enacted. But I shall begin at the end and work backward. Not out of any new-fangled originality idea, but simply because some things that transpired at the close of the trial merit first consideration by reason of the enlightening rays they shed on the state of mind in which bench and bar and press and the public viewed the trial. Take a slant at Judge Julian Mack as he clears his bodyguard of eight or nine detectives and ascends; the steps to the bench on that sultry morning of June 14. The courtroom is filled. Newspapers men and women overflow from the reporters' table to chairs placed wherever floor space is available. Marcus Garvey, found guilty three days before, stands segue between three minions of the law. He is waiting to hear his sentence. His wife, a wan but courageous figure, stands behind him. In close attendance is Armin Kohn, a white lawyer, retained by Garvey to give him legal support. Mazwell Matuck, District Attorney, his face wreathed in smiles, sits a yard or two from his victim, waiting to see the lid screwed on to the coffin he has fashioned for the Negro leader with the abandon of a zealot. --- Take a slant at Judge Julian Mack. He is five minutes later. His pale face is even paler than usual. He perspires freely and mops his fevered brow with staccato movements of a square foot of white camphle as he takes his seat. He looks straight ahead. His is a sphinx-like stare. There is no act to read the mind's construction in the face. He appears worried. A white newspaper man opines that "Mack had a bad night or something." He certainly gives the impression of having had a sleepless night. He leans back in his chair. The clerk of the court, machine like, lasks Garvey if he has anything to say. Garvey speaks in quiet tones, depressing the District Attorney's imputation of arms and ammunition procured from U.N. L.A. funds for U.N. L.A. legionaries, asseverating his determination to work and pray until his dying day for the betterment of his people. Gone is all the dignity usually inseparable from a court of justice. Reporters and detectives—their name is legion—and some spectators, too, rise and crowd around the clerk's table and the judicial bench, determined to miss a word. Judge Mack's shoulders still pin his chair to the wall. He ignores the breach of courtroom etiquette. Marcus Garvey has said his say, Armin Kohn makes a plea for bail. Never in his twenty years' experience, he concludes, has a man in Garvey's position been denied ball. Maxwell Mattuck is on his feet. He has a witness, he states, who is prepared to bolster up his allegations arent arm and ammunition. The witness, if you please, is a convict, ushered into court between two detectives. Judge Mack refuses to hear the witness. "His testimony," he says, "would not hear upon the question of innocence or guilt that has been decided by the jury." And, further, "I have given this case most cornest consideration, both during the trial and since the trial, and have reached a definite conviction. That conviction could not be enhanced by anything this witness might say." All this delivered haltingly, impressively, the support of the back if, the chair and the wall neglected for the first time. Then he proceeded to the most solemn pre-statement speech / it was ever the privilege of this writer to hear. Either Judge Mack was laboring under a terrific emotional strain (it would require a psychoanalyst to do the diagnosis justice), either, within Judge Mack's breast at that moment was being waged the direct conflict between desire and duty, conscience and expediency, either a full and, perhaps, eleventh-hour realization of the stupendous lessons involved was all but overwhelming the man, or Judge Mack, as an actor, far outshines both John Barrymore and John Gilpin. I have seen judge, deeply moved, though not always from sympathy, send men to prison for life terms. I have seen weren. Both hands and expression critics are agreed that the Dixie part of the show should be cut down to give the Dixie end of it a longer programme. A London theatrical critic calls the following in his column in an evening publication (name not given): "Miss Killie—Third award a new super at the end of the show: I suggest they came from inveterate neophobes. I cannot believe that they were intended for Florence. 'Illis, who is the most beautiful half-caste I have ever seen, and who, besides singing well, tingles with such vitality that one wonders whether motion does not come more easily to her than rest. "Keeping It Up—The Plantation Revue" is really a revue for purlers. It goes on doing the same thing over and over again with increasing vigor, depending on crescendo rather than variety for its effects. Keep it up (one of Sir Charles Wyndham's old watchwords) seems to be the motto of these darkies. With their non-stop singing and dancing they keep it up sky-high from first to last." Judges time and again gravely consigl condemned men and women to the gallows, their final lectures and the emotion of the moment moving the audience to tears. But never have I seen a sentence of five years' imprisonment (and that the maximum penalty under the law) breed such emotion in a seasoned judge in the passing thereof. Judge Mack may have been sentencing to death some great aesthetic benefactor of the human race, some Milton or Angelo, or Mendelssohn or Kant, so tense was his speech, so delilate his words, so charged with emotion his utterance. 'Why was this?' "Wherefore?" the observant inquired of each other as they shuffled from the court room. Was it a desire for lenity choked by some giant creature of anger? Was it from sorrowful, superior contemplation of "poor, penniless Negro men and women, clients of Mattuck." LAW SCHOOL, HART FARM SCHOOL By PROF, W. H. HART, A.M., LL.D. LECTURE IV The Sources of Criminal Law—The Common Law The Sources of the Criminal Law-Whence and How We Get the Criminal law-It does not matter how immoral a thing may be, how unrightorious a thing may be, how evil a thing may be, unless the criminal law takes it in hand and makes it a crime—then it is not a crime. In order that a thing may be a crime it has to be put in the list of things included in the criminal law else it is not a crime. It may be a vile thing, but unless it is made a crime by law, specifically, it can't be punished—it isn't a crime. How do acts or omissions become crimes? Either they are included in the list of what were crimes in the old common law and hence have come down to us by tradition and by record as crimes—having been crimes so long that the writings creating them, and making them crimes have been lost—crimes as common law or they must be made crimes by statute. And those are the two sources where you go to look for the criminal law—to the statute law of the jurisdiction or state or sovereignty in which you reside, or the decisions of the courts of your state, to see if it be in the list of the common-law crimes of your state. The question, then, following the author, takes this form: How, is the criminal law prescribed? How does it become the criminal law? I would change that word if I had written" that book, and I would ask, "How is the criminal law determined?" But since "determine" sometimes means end a thing, I would, maybe, use another word and ask, "How is the criminal law ascertained?" Answer to that; by looking in the statutes or by searching the decisions of the state to see if the courts have published a particular act as a crime. And if you don't find it in the statutes—that is, if it isn't there—and if you don't find it in the decisions of the court of your state, then it is not a crime. In Ohio they got tired of continually searching the decisions of the courts or the common law. The common law is a beautiful subject, and it lays at the very foundation of human peace and human order and human progress, so that it is worth what it costs, and this illustration will be valuable to you because it will fix in your mind a principle of the law that might be hazy as long as you live if it were not reduced to brass tacks right now. The Ohio people thought they would abolish the common law, forgetting that the common law is like the atmosphere. You know the atmosphere takes care of us when we haven't the sense to take care of ourselves. The atmosphere takes care of the baby from the earliest moment of its infancy, takes-care of the kittens, takes care of the little birds in their nests. So the common law, surrounding society and pervading it, has been developed by thousands of years of experience in the social evolution of the Anglo-Saxon race and those faces subject to them—and about all the races are subject to them somewhere, somehow—more or less masters of the world. The common law, through devising methods to reach instances as they arrest through a thousand years, becomes the instrument of the social process and power of this great race of which we are a part. You know we are Anglo-Saxon. We speak the Anglo-Saxon language, we have the Anglo-Saxon ideas, we have the Anglo-Saxon religion, we have the Anglo-Saxon hopes and aspirations. We are dumped by 'the Thief,' not willing to quietly lie? Or was it but the reaction, then those cultry offences and anxiety when off it, seemed the Federal ranks were being shattered by the dunness attorney-defendant? To me it seemed (and laugh who will) Judge Mack in imposing the maximum penalty upon Marus Garvey was doing only what he dared do. Fuller and McGee. White men, with millions of trusting white people dollars in their pockets, were given a light, sentence-less: than two years, Garvey, full-blooded Negro, his honesty unassailed, his good judgment alone unassailed, provoked emotion and a maximum penalty from a Judge for not seeing that less than a million dollars of black men's money was not lost in a legitimate steamship business, a pioneer undertaking, the most hazardous in the world! Truly, "Virtus laudatur et alget." Truly, probity gets applause, but is left to die in the cold. (To be continued.) MR. H. V. PLUMMER Although, Mr. Henry Vinton Plummer, director of publicity, has received no big headlines, he rendered Marcus Carvey and his counsellors valuable assistance during the trial. Alert, resourceful, courteous and energetic, he is still proving himself a tried and true friend of the U. N. I. A. Mr. Plummer is the son of the late Rev. Dr. Henry Vinton Plummer, first colored chaplain in the United States Regular Army since the Civil War, who was assigned to the Mnth United States Cavalry in 1884. Chaplain Plummer also served as a soldier'during the entire Civil War and assisted in capturing Wilkes Booth, life assassin of Abraham Lincoln, the martyred President. He belonged to one of the oldest Maryland families, which dated its history prior to the Revolutionary War. A large crowd attended the sacred concert and patriotic mass, meeting at the Renaisance Casino, New York, Sunday afternoon, June 24. An excellent musical and literary program was rendered. Prof. William H. Ferris, M. A., spoke on "The U. N. I. A. as a Spiritual Movement." Rev. Fred A. Toote, M. A., spoke on "The Moral Vindication of Marcus Garvey." Anglo-Saxons! And when I speak of the fatherland, I mean England. The Ohio people thought that they could go to work and dispense with this two thousand years of experience—since 800 A.D. In the year of our Lord 800 a couple of hundred years after the Romans had been run out—four hundred years after the Romans had been run out, between 460 and 500—Anglo-Saxons came over from Scandinavia. First came the Anglo-Saxons who are a Germanic race, a Teutonic race—robbers, vikings, pirates were our ancestors. Then another branch of the same people, but of another tribe, called the Jutes, came over, and then, shortly afterward, another tribe called the Frisians, and soon there followed the Danes—Canute and his tribe—and so the Saxons, the Jutes, the Frisians and the Danes came over into England—what we call the Midland Counties now—and they killed every single Pier, Briton, Scot, Welshman and Irishman that they could get their hands on. They not only killed the men but they killed the women and took the children by their heels and danced their brains out, and then with their rowboats they went back and brought their own women over and settled the Midland counties, running the Picts into the highlands of Wales, away up on top of a rock like an eagle, and they ran the Scots off into the Highlands, and ran the Scots across the Irish Sea to where they are now, and the Saxons had possession of the fertile the Midland Counties of England and established what is known as the Heptarchy there, the seven kingdoms made up of these tribes, who ultimately amalgamated, and in 800, when they had full possession, just getting ready for the accession of Alfred the Great to the throne, they devised these common laws—the laws by which a tribesman would elect a man to go to the moot, the meeting of the elder men—alderman is a German word, you see. The elder man would meet, and that was the beginning of parliaments and congresses and legislatures—a pure invention of the Anglo-Saxon race. Representative government comes from that. We have in America now straight, unadulterated, outright Anglo-Saxon institutions from top to bottom, just as if we had come out of the heart of the Black Forest of Germany, with our women, and established it here. Now this race developed common law, customs and traditions from 800 to 2000, that is, 1,200 years. (To be continued next week) BISHOP M'GUIRE'S REQUEST: "It is rumored that should Gavryv finally go to Atlanta, Bishop Gee A. McGuire of the African Orthodox Church of the N. U. N. I. A. Bishop McGuire is said to be the one most likely to keep the organization together. He is firmly insistent and request that the press, my friends, well-wishers and fellow members of the U. N. I. A. refrain from any further mention of my name in this connection." Yours for racial progress, GEORGE ALEXANDER M.CUIGIRE. NOTICE Mr. and Mrs. James Smith of 368 Warren Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. anamor the death of their beloved son, James Smith, on September 19, 1931, and on the 18th of June, 1932, he was delegated to the colors of the Red, Black and Green. He was also delegated to the colors of June, 1933, leaving his beloved family to mourn his loss. MR. and MRS. JAMES SMITH NOTICE UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION Pursuant to the authority vested in me as President-General and Founder of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, and because of my inability to actively continue my administration of the affairs of the Association through my imprisonment, I hereby notify you that I have named and appointed the following persons to officiate as the Executive Committee of Management of the Association until its next International Convention, when the proper election and appointments will take place: ROBERT L. POSTON, Secretary-General. The above mentioned persons shall, with the advice and instructions I can give during my absence, jointly direct the affairs of the organization, and I ask for them jointly the consideration of all Divisions, Chapters, Branches and Members. With very best wishes for your success, I have the honor to be. Your obedient servant, UNIVERSAL NEGRO IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION The case against the Honorable Marcus Garvey, Bile Garcia and George Tobias of the Black Star Line for alleged misuse of the United States mails will be called some time this month in New York. For quite a while exaggerated of Marcus Garvey and the Universal Negro Improvement Association have been working for the purpose of turning public sentiment against Mr. Garvey. Different Negro associations have been canvassing the people, asking them to testify against Mr. Garvey. They have organised opposition meetings in different centers under the caption, "Garvey Must Go!" All this is being done to defeat the hopes of our race through the only real Negro movement started in the interest of the race. The fight for African freedom is eternal and you must support it now by supporting the greatest leader of the race. Send in your subscription to this fund immediately. All subscriptions will be acknowledged in the columns of this paper. The case will be reported day by day in the Daily Negro Times and weekly in this paper for universal circulation. Send all subscriptions addressed to Secretary-Generals, Universal Negro Improvement Association, 56 West 135th street, New York city, THE FUND New York Division No. 1.....$1,829.11 Isahal Morter, New York City.....25.00 Mr. and Mrs. James, Newark, N. - J. .....10.00 An Appeal for Sincerity To the Officers and Members of The Universal Negro Improvement Association and the Friends of Our Leader, the Honorable Marcus Garvey: We appeal to and urge you to keep concrete faith with your leader and your organization at this time, more so than ever. We are going through a crisis now that will test your loyalty to the very core. There is and probably will be lots of rumors going around that may, if you give them any consideration, cause you to falter in your obligations; therefore, we do not want any officer or member to entertain any hearsay information whatsoever, because if you do and import it to some one else it will give us a deal of trouble at headquarters. Always secure your information relative to your leader and movement direct from headquarters. If you do that you can not go wrong, as we are working night and day to carry on to the best of our ability until the one who guides our destiny is with us again. If anything should arise in your community that is detrimental to the good and welfare of you, we are the organization ever known to Negroes the world over, be no part of the desist, so let those of you who are sincere and honest work toward the accomplishment of the ideals for which our father, the Honorable Matteo Garvey, holds dearest to his heart. We are all in great sympathy with him. We wish we could be with him to cheer him on, for we miss him so, but if you have faith in your faith, in your leadership, in your race, and faith in yourselves we ask that you be answered. All we ask of you is to be a woman in every sense of the word and carry out this appeal to the letter, and we will be more than thankful to you all. (Signed) H. G. S. Intelligence Dept. Headquarters, U.S.A. Ethiopia, New owl City..... Sydney Jeffrey, New York City. Edward Herbert, Boston, Mass. Helena Johnson, Boston, Mass. Sam Dillworth, Boston, Mass. William Munroe, Boston, Mass. James Green, Boston, Mass. James A. Dillworth, Boston. Rufus Mills, Boston, Mass. Adolphus Tucker, Boston, Mass. Peter Thomas, Boston, Mass. Clement Garner, Boston, Mass. John Lindsay, Boston, Mass. James Bobb, Boston, Mass. J. Grosvenor, Boston, Mass. J. Thompson, Boston, Mass. John Moreno, Boston, Mass. E. N. Hall, Boston, Mass. Miss E. Trice, Boston, Mass. H. Francis, Boston, Mass. Jamima Smith, Boston, Mass. T. Brown, Boston, Mass. Miss L. Williams, Boston, Mass. Ruth Hylton, Boston, Mass. H. Smith Boston, Mass. Mr. Cunein, Boston, Mass. James J. Drakes, Boston, Mass. Josephine Ogilvie, Boston, Mass. Joseph III, Boston, Mass. Antoine Davis, Boston, Mass. William Barber, Boston, Mass. David Peart, Boston, Mass. Alice Mason, Boston, Mass. Alonzo Davis, Boston, Mass. Miss M. Foreman, Boston, Mass. Miss S. E. Blake, Boston, Mass. Willred Webber, Boston, Mass. Thomas H. Duhart, Boston, Mass. James Grant, Boston, Mass. T. J. Robinson, Boston, Mass. Mrs. L. Myers, Boston, Mass. Helen Lamb, Boston, Mass. Mrs. William Johnson, Boston, Mass. James Brown, Boston, Mass!. A. Layne, Boston, Mass. O. Illin, Boston, Mass. Urish Henry, Boston, Mass. Olite Cummings, Boston, Mass. Clarino Graham, Boston, Mass. Katherine Bramwell, Boston, Mass. Katherine Bramwell, Boston, Mass. H. Jones, Boston, Mass. Mary Belgrave, Boston, Mass. L. Gordon, Boston, Mass. Balfour Williams, Boston, Mass. W. W. Williams, Washington, D. C. S. S. Morton, Washington, D. C. R. Hawes, Washington, D. C. R. Hawes, Washington, D. C. John Saunders, Washington, D. C. Cordelia Parker, Washington, D. C. A. D. Prioleau, Washington, D. C. William Wright, Washington, D. C. George Hill, Washington, D. C. Edward Plater, Washington, D. C. J. W. Barfner, Washington, D.C. E. Gross, Washington, D.C. O. Scott, Washington, D.C. H. Johnson, Washington, D.C. Miss Wye, Washington, D.C. J. R. Howard, Washington, D.C. M. Williams, Washington, D.C. J. Evans, Washington, D.C. M. Briscoe, Washington, D.C. M. Whiting, Washington, D.C. G. M. Taggart, Washington, D.C. R. Mayo, Washington, D.C. A. Brown, Washington, D.C. Aros Turner, Washington, D.C. P. N. Nushally, Washington, D.C. S. Price, Washington, D.C. F. Tabert, Washington, D.C. R. White, Washington, D.C. J. S. Williams, Washington, D.C. Hattie Lindsey, Washington, D.C. L. A. White, Washington, D.C. J. Milton, Washington, D.C. G. Milton, Washington, D.C. L. L. Oxley, Washington, D.C. Rev. G. W. Davis, Hamtramck, Mich. A Friend, Hamtramck, Mich. C. C. Conyers, Hamtramck, Mich. Louis Garner, Hamtramck, Mich. Letha Garner, Hamtramck, B. J. Oliver, Hamtramck, Mich. .25 G. C. Henry, Hamtramck, Mich. .1.00 T. Guttles, Hamtramck, Mich. .25 J. W. Williams, Hamtramck, Mich. .25 Rev. F. Shelman, Hamtramck, Mich. .1.00 D. Zeigler, Hamtramck, Mich. .25 George Harper, Hamtramck, Mich. .1.00 John Small, Hamtramck, Mich. .50 J. W. Williams, Hamtramck, Mich. .25 G. C. Henry, Hamtramck, Mich. .25 T. Suttles, Hamtramck, Mich. .25 Foster Zeigler, Hamtramck, Mich. .50 George Harper, Hamtramck, Mich. .25 M. Dornes, Hamtramck, Mich. .1.00 Eldie Jones, Drew, Miss. .1.00 Lula Jones, Drew, Miss. .1.00 DeSolo M. Pereira, East Orange, N. M. L. Brooks, New York, N. Y. Milton L. Brooks, New York, N. Y. C. C. Hackett, New York, N. Y. Mabel Martin, New York, N. Y. J. Matthews, New York, N. Y. Charles Henry, New York, N. Y. Samuel Milk, New York, N. Y. Newark Division, Newark, N. J. A Friend, New York, N. Y. Cleveland Chapter No. 9, Cleveland, Ohio. Los Angeles Division No. 156. Los Angeles, Cal. Buffalo Division, Buffalo, N. Y. Boston Division, Boston, Mass. Cincinnati Division, Cincinnati, Ohio. Columbus Division, Columbus, Ohio. Laura Lois Division, No. 450. Lumberport, W. Va. Havana Division, Havana, Cuba Central Miranda Division, Oriente, Cuba Monangah Division, Monangah, W. Va. Felix Louis, Monangah, W. Va. W. C. Gillispie, Monangah, W. Va. A. A. Neal, Monangah, W. Va. Graver Louis, Monangah, W. Va. Eugenio Morgan, Detroit, Mich. Annie Margan, Detroit, Mich. Natchitoches Division No. 432. Natchitchoos, La. John Blanen, Hoquam, Wash. Joseph Maynard, New York, N. Y. Cambridge Division, Cambridge, Mass. Willam A. Bunson, Los Angeles, Cal. Cecil McGee, Los Angeles, Cal. Preston Cutter, Los Angeles, Cal. H. Hoxle, Los Angeles, Cal. A. W. C. Conyun, Los Angeles, Cal. UPWARD DO U WANT TO FORGE AHEAD? Is your business undertaking bringing you net returns? Or would you like to increase your output? YOU in New York City—Isn't there someone in the next block from you, or in the city that you would like to do business with through a sale or purchase? YOU in any State in America—Isn't there someone in another State you would like to interest in the goods you are selling? YOU in America—Isn't there someone in the West Indies, Europe or Africa you would like to sell your articles to? YOU in foreign lands—Isn't there someone in America you would like to sell something to? BUSINESS MEN and WOMEN If any of these questions interest you, write to the advertising department of NEGRO WORLD and we will tell you how you can increase your business. Some One Is Always Ready to Buy or Sell Something PLEASE NOTE—The Negro World is an international as well as a national paper. All inquiries will be answered immediately. Harold C. Saltus, Adv. Dept. 1.00 Boreth Rabe, Port Limon, 1.00 Coala Rica, Port Limon, 1.00 George Rally, Port Limon, Coala 2.50 Riga, Port Limon, Coala Alloy Dyce, Port Limon, Coala 10.00 Rica Edith Halley, Port Limon, Coala 35.0 Rica, Port Limon, 35.0 Homshiny, Reid, Port Limon, 35.0 Rica, 10.0 Amanda Barnett, Port Limon, 10.0 Coala Rica, Port 20.0 Charles A. Goulbourne, Port 20.0 Limon, Coala Rica... 20.0 Robert W. Martin, Port Limon, 20.0 Coala Rica, 30.0 Allan B. Mason, Port Limon, 30.0 Coala Rica, 30.0 Andrew J. McFarlape, Port 30.0 Limon, Coala Rica, 30.0 Sophia McFarlane, Port Limon, 30.0 Coala Rica, 30.0 Samuel L. Halton, Port Limon, New Mirror Separation M Hair Soft, S Wavy in a minutes These pictures are of R. T., whose full name and address we shall be glad to supply those interested. He says, "ZURA KINKOUT is certainly the king of them all! Any way, my pictures here speak for themselves. My wife and friends say I look like a new man. My appearance is in proved 100%. comb if ic. Will DISCOVERY THOUGHT BY SCIENTIFIC DI By Annet New Miracle Preparation Makes Any Hair Soft, Smooth and Wavy in a Few Minutes Just comb it in. Works like magic. Will grow hair also No longer need you enjoy the person with beautiful, tidy, soft, wavy hair! For science has perfected a wonderful new preparation which, when applied to the most stubborn hair, makes it soft and gloriously wavy, in many cases giving a permanent wave effect. Just look and see what overjoyed users are saying. We will be glad to give the full names and addresses to anyone requesting them. We have five thousand letters like this on our files: They received the Hair Ponies in this morning. I am compelled to write you about it as once. I have used it on my husband's head, and on my daughter's, and on my son and we are all comfortable with it. I can still continue to import on this wonderful article. You have sure got the run on taking our friends about your wonderful ponies. I shall treat all my friends' hair as they call it in to ask what I like about it. I will look at these books for a late order under (Signed) MRS. M. E. B. "I am writing to thank you for your prompt service and want to see you. I am perfectly satisfied with ZIRA KINOUT and trust say that I think it is great. I was more than pleased with results I gave the best that I need to do. I think I should be able to do without it now that I have started its use. I am more than pleased with your goods and services and count on me as a regular customer. Have you have a set of awards in business. (Signed) T. R. O. H. "I received your ZIRA treatment for the hair day," says you, or which I extend my many thanks to you. I extend my hair to just delightful. My hair is just beautiful since I used the ZIRA treatment. Will send you another order in a few days. (Signed) MRS. S. M. "I am very glad to say that the ZIRA articles are highly recommended by everybody I have and your accents." "I am sending you another order. ZIRA KINOUT recommended by me. I hair beautifier It does just as recommended." (Signed) P. W. G. "The trial tube of ZIRA KINOUT received. I am delighted with the results from the first application." (Signed) MR. F. T. "I am very well pleased. I mean to forward another order at a very early date. Signed) MRS. M. A. messy applications of dangerous chemicals! No more hot irons! No more ugly, nappy hair! If not satisfied in every way, your money will also ACCEPT NO SUBSTITUTE THERE IS ONLY ONE ZURA unscrupulous agents and druggists but other goods as being "just as good" are entirely untrue. Do not be fooled. ZURA Moorih preparation. Refuse to accept RA KINKOUT put up in green and yellow. Buy a large, sanitary free trial offer today family for a week. coupon. Send in foriek money—mod, steady work. W. ZURA, Dept. EZ0680 Caxton Bldg, agents' proposition. Various unscrupulous agents and druggists have been attempting to palm off other goods as being "just as good" as ZURA KINKOUT. This is absolutely untrue. Do not be fooled. ZURA KINKOUT only is the genuine Moorish preparation. Refuse to accept anything but the genuine ZURA KINKOUT put up in green and yellow sanitary tubes. Agents make big, quick money — good, steady work. We have openings for a few more. Write Zura, Dept. E0668 Cicton Bld., Chicago, Ill., for full details of our great agents' proposition. No matter how nappy, dull and crinkly your hair may be, a simple application of this new discovery will show you immediate, startling results. This wonderful new discovery is called ZURA KINKOUT, and is put up in sanitary large tubes which can now be purchased for fifty, cents at all reliable drug stores. Beauty in a few Minutes A few minutes' application of ZURA KINOUT and behold! A miracle of beauty will have been performed. Enough to last the whole family for a week in one fifty cent tube. Fine for men and women. Sold under our money-back guarantee if not satisfied. Will not turn the hair red and requires no hot irons. Also will grow hair where the roots are not dead. Why go through life with uplift, nappy hair? Nature intended you to be beautiful and happy. Perhaps you have beautiful eyes, a fine skin and wonderful figure. Only your hair—uplift, crinkly and nappy! O my! It spoils it all. Why not have nice, lovely hair and have people admire you? Are you in love? Do you want to get a job where your appearance is important? A few minutes' application of ZURA KINKOUT and you will hardly know yourself. Easy to Apply Full directions for applying this gentle, safe, easy preparation, on every package. Just rub a little in the scalp for a few minutes and the trick is done. No more Mail the coupon today to Department 100, Zura, Inc., Inc. 640 Caxton Bldg., Chicago, Ill., and a tube of wonderful ZURA KINKOUT will be in your hands in a day or two. Miracle Mon Makes Soft, Smooth in a Few ures are of R. L. name and address lad to supply to usted. He says: KOUT is certain- them all! Any- res here speak for My wife and look like a new appearance is im- ab it in. W Will grow MOUGHT BY SOME TO BE THE SENTIFIC DISCOVERY OF THE By Annette Kingsley Send fifty cents today and a large tube of wonderful ZURA KINXOUT will be sent to you immediately. Don't delay. Delay is dangerous. We can hardly keep up with orders today. Everywhere, from Maine to California, from Dixieland to frozen Canada, the magic word ZURA KINXOUT is on people' Everywhere people will tell you that this is the greatest boon for the race which has appeared in generations. Ask your friends about ZURA KINKOUT. Take advantage of our NO SUBSTITUTES!! ONLY ONE ZURA KINKOUT! and druggists have been attempting to "just as good" as ZURA KINKOUT. This it be fooled. ZURA KINKOUT only is the a. Refuse to accept anything but the genu- up in green and yellow sanitary tubes. free trial offer today. Read! Read! READ the coupon. Send in for a tube under the ZURA guar- steady work. We have openings for Canton Bldg., Chicago, Ill., for full Before After No matter how well crunchy or soft the hair may appear No matter how likely, ennity or stamina the hair, we guarantee it will be as light as hair when it is so easy to be located. Not Artificial, Gurls This is an age of scientific wonders. People with twisted legs are getting them straightened. People with bad teeth are having them fixed. How about the fellow or girl who would be beautiful except for their ugly, nappy hair? Parents who do not want their children to have beautiful and soft hair are almost guilty of criminal negligence. A wife who don't want to look her best before her husband is not a good wife. In this day and age of progress people can no longer afford to go around looking like "something the cat dragged in." Does the Barber Cut a Part in Your Hair? After the first application you will be able to part your hair any place. Your whole appearance will become heater, cleaner, fresher. antee. Remember, this is an absolutely free trial, for if you are not entirely satisfied, your money will be immediately refunded. FREE TRIAL OFFER! The quality of ZURA preparations is backed by a $10,000,000 corporation and will positively do all that is claimed for it. If it fails to do so the full purchase price will be refunded at once without any question. You will be the judge. As a special privilege we will give you postpaid, six packages of ZURA KINKOUT, worth $3.00, for only $2.50. This offer may be withdrawn at any time, so act at once. Send in the coupon now. ZURA KINKOUT is based upon a great, new scientific principle thought to have been originally conceived by Queen Zura of the ancient Moors, probaby the most handsome woman who ever lived. The secret was lost and has been discovered by modern professors of hair health and research, to whose uniting work and end discovery of ZURA Zura Kjinkout Absolutely Guaranteed ZURA KINKOUT will positively not make the hair greasy nor turn it red. By a great natural process it releases the "kink" from the hair, or in other words "uncurls" it. It does not change the hair the slightest. It simply uncurls it and then you have a head of hair in all its natural beauty and glory. ZURA KINKOUT is Nature's great aid to beauty. Over 100,000 people throughout the United States will tell you of its great benefits. Many who won their jobs or their girls through their changed appearance bless ZURA KINKOUT as a godsend. Don't be a back number. This is the age of mjracles and great discoveries. This is the age of electric light, radio and the acroplane. Keep up with the times! Look your best. Remember, people everywhere take you at your face value. Learn to feel what it is like to be admired! This is the age of This is the age of aeroplane. Keep up ast. Remember, peo- ur face value. Learn ired! Don't be a back number. This is the age of miracles and great discoveries. This is the age of electric light, radio and the aeroplane. Keep up with the times! Look your best. Remember, people everywhere take you at your face value. Learn to feel what it is like to be admired! Order six tubes of ZURA KINKOUT today while you are thinking of it, and let your friends in on this great beauty secret. Don't wait. Tear off the coupon below and send it to ZURA, Inc., Dept. 100, 680 Canton/Bldg., Chicago, Ill. Please send me immediately a tube of your wonderful SURA KINKOOT, for which I enclose fifty cents in silver money. Otherwise if you wish to take advantage of the great saving on six packages enclose $8.50 and check square □. This is to be sent to me at once perpost and am to be the privilege of returning it to you if not absolutely satisfied; and you are to refund my money at once. I am to be the painter a fine what I am not absolutely desirous, will return to you every day, your money at once. I will declare for myself, that is my name and address. My name is ... My address is ... (Please write city and county carefully) --- deavor the world owes the KINKOUT. WHERE THE NEGRO GOVERNS WHITE FOLK; A STUDY OF CONDITIONS IN LIBERIA As an African traveler of more than twenty years standing, just deported (for political reasons) from a hand whose president bonds that he had his now "manured" during a recent visit to Tortuguay and Amurica," I may be pardoned if I treat the affront to British casts with some measure of laziness. I can smile over the experience without arrive penses and with no thought of retaliation in kind. In a brochure that gave the white man's point of view on Liberian politics, I had sought to help the Negro government. My advice was avidly taken in regard to a revision of customs tariffs. Several other educational reforms were promised. But the very moment that the existing government was reinstated—after an election in which hordes of naked aborigines were massed at the polls to vote for a party whose very name they did not know, and whose alms they could not even remotely understand—I was requested to leave. That I was not hanged, drawn and quartered for having dared publicly to criticise my "better" is due to the kindly intervention of the British legation at Monrovia, the capital of the republic. Liberia is indubitably the quintetest spot today in the whole African coilment. It is a Negro state where black rules white and where black has consistently refused for more than a century, of self-government to come into line with white civilization. The result is altogether Gilbertian. In this year of grace 1823, Liberia can claim not one yard of railway, no single inch of telegraph and knows next to nothing of her own territory. Only the coastal fringe—of a tract of land that is larger than England—is open to traffic. And yet geography assigns to her the most liberal boundaries; and there is in the cabinet, for administration after administration, both a minister of the in- NEW WATCH VALUES From New York D-134—Clover shape, 15-year, white plate, screw-up mount, as illu- ration shows. High grade cylinder movement fringe, engraved dial, stem- inal and stem-set, fully guaranteed. With 1/2" with ribbon backed and presentation box. ONLY $8.24 T-115—Resting air, white GOLD, improved T-3000粉笔. Unlimited 25 years. Amisically chased and engraved, double stock. SOLD GOLD joints. Set with a petal on the top of the set. Set with a petal on the top of the set. Set with a petal on the top of the set. T-116—High grade 10-level. V-linder movement, strenched and at-cent-set fully. High grade 10-level. V-linder movement, strenched and at-cent-set fully. High grade 10-level. V-linder movement, strenched and at-cent-set fully. SPECIAL PRICE $19.98 We are specializing in late models only. Have not a single old or conservative style in stock. Our offerings are the very most from those who have been the only one to be made. We are made to the best of the best. When posting comes with a few. When the price, WEAR WATCH 20 DAYS. We will send back your money from the Foreign countries rent in full, using sending order. Wear watch 20 days, if not satisfied, your money back. Agents will sell our watch and jewelry everywhere. STEWART & BURKELL Dark A. 104 West 144th Street NEW YORK, N. Y. M. 635. East-Sixth Street, Cincinnati, Ohio. Author of Pure Negro Literature This ad, and price list to all you need- and a Money Order. The True History of Slavery From 1619 Up to 1863, and 1863 to 1921. The period and future history of Negro Women Nagro Faults and Future Improvement. The Bible on the Ethiopian Black Man and a printed business letter on page 2. Two of the greatest race songs in the world, with music for string or brass band. Pharisee organ, titles "Our Elves to Arbitra," "The Golden Crow" and "Ariel To Gervey Nation," Price of a Ratol Sassons Letter and all entries above 54.6 in $1.55. No. 6—The Part of the Bible not completed, in our Bible. Fiction, $2.05. It will be printed when on the four-hundred years the books were closed. The book is the first book in the 7th chapter of the 1st book. It also tells us of the writing the waters of the great world on the Ethiopian. Returned for the Phaeodend. The second Epistle of the author, which to the 6th volume of the book of the same character that the first book of our own vice and terror, a secretary of internal revenue and actually a minister of war! Little is known in Europe about the common and every day aspects of West African life, despite the number of periodicals which are devoted to the interests of "the coast." Let it be stated briefly that West Africa is the home of the palm. From the tropical belt that stretches from Senegambia in the north to the Belgian Congo in the south derives soap, margarine and numerous other household necessaries—necessaries so familiar to the white housekeeper as to be accepted without question or inquiry. The Republic of Liberia, then, claims a large slice of the African oil belt. On the map she is quite as large as Sierra Leone, which is her neighbor to the north, and which enjoys British rule. Liberia, however, is far from being as prosperous as her northern neighbor. She proudly boasts that she has never tolerated white guidance or interference, and that she is still wholly governed by the descendants of freed American slaves. A residence in the republic of one full year, during which period I took the keeest possible interest in the welfare of her population, both educated and barbarian, gives me some authority to speak. In the previous two decades I had traveled, practically the whole of the West Coast. But I had seen it unden white rule. Probably, moreover, I had envisaged in from the platform of white thought. Now I have seen Liberia, intimately and at first hand. I have tried, and tried hard, to see it with the black man's eyes. It is the result of these combined points of view that I am now seeking to portray for the interest of the British public. How comes it that the white population of Liberia numbers no more than two hundred? Why is it, none the less, that British, French, German, Dutch Spanish, Scandinavian and Syrian are included among the meager leaven of the jump? And wherefore do they struggle so ardently for commercial success, against odds that would he deemed far too long under the aegis of the Union Jack or the Tricolor? How is it that America does not assume an active control? Why has not the United States developed Liberia, with its marvelous resources of edible oil and fats, its untapped rubber forests, its mineral wealth, and above all else its potentiality of solving the war growing Negro problem? The answer is sufficiently obvious. The Liberian was given, from the onset of his possession of African soil, the right of complete self-government. Because of this he has refused most obstinately to advance. Since the Declaration of Independence, which placed this little African republic—paradox of paradoxes!—among the "first class" nations, the Liberian Negro has learned that he can never hope to govern himself to the satisfaction of his Aryan critics. Hence he has ceased to try. Hence also, he shuts out white interference by numerous laws that are as the quills of the porcupine in the way of protection. Moreover, he has acquired a deep subtlety. By playing one nation against another, he has secured a safety that neither army nor navy could provide. Britain dare not show aggression because of France, which owns the Ivory Coast to Liberia's south. France may not assume a dictatorial attitude out of respect for America, which has promised Liberia a benign protection, provided that she adheres to international law. Nor has Holland, with her wide commercial interests in the republic, any desire for African dependencies. So, made secure by the conflicting interests of his white "patrons," the Liberian puruses the even tenor of his way, and quite equally, victimizes by unsound rule his natural superiors! Meanwhile, West Africa has never been, as with the Pacific islands, a home of romance. It is best known to the British and American public through the "Sanders" books of Mr. Edgar Wallace. These stories give but a distorted impression of the life lived by the "Conster" and the colored people among whom he moves. It is as though a visitor to our English shores were to concede our love of peace, our fairness and our appreciation of the beautiful and the good, and were then to fill his diary with hideous records of all the murder cases that came to his notice—with not one word of praises for the saner aspect of our happy communal life! West Africa is not a land of ju-ju and devil. Nor is it the veritable Mecca of "dolce far niente." It is very like the country in which we dwell—with the jure of a tropical sky for "crowning glory. Liberia owns the quintessence of that mysterious charm. Were it not for the irksome Negro rule, it would appear an earthly paradise to the white settler. Income tax is unknown. Malia only, arrive at monthly intervals. There is no ubiquitous newspaper press. Nobody need unduly labor—unless he caret! The curse of Adam is remitted—if not finally, at least for a considerable time. In these factors lies the nostalgia of existence in the land which I am only just leaving for a brief visit to the homeland. Liberia, howbeit, has wilfully burdened herself beyond the limits of her fiscal strength. In view of her refusal to admit within her borders any of the labor-saving devices of modern civilization, and her wilfully developed interior, she cannot much longer maintain a show of solvency. About twenty thousand American FAMOUS AFRICAN EDUCATOR RETURNS TO THIS COUNTRY Megroeus, most of them quadroons, corydoras and half-cateses—descendants of the freed slaves who came over in 1833 under Ashman, and who conquered Cape Monterrado, now the seat of the capital, Monrovia—about twenty thousand degenerate half-breeds hold in subjection over a million aborigines, owning in many instances a vastly superior culture to their "masters." These aborigines are Krus, Bassas, Vals, Pessys and Grabon. Their present state of progress (tremendously behind that, of Negroes under British or French rule!) owes next to nothing to Liberal control, and almost everything to white missionary effort. By the Liberian ruling class the aborigine is given practically no chance of advancement. In honest truth he is sneered at as a "nigger." The Liberian "owner" presents a "countryman" coming between the wind and his nobility. It is amusing (if one cares for such a cynical aspect of humor!) to hear a Liberian lady, with face almost as dark as that of her interlocutor, command an aborigine to "Git out of the gangway, you black nigger!" Because of their American ancestry, the Liberians have refused to accommodate their economic demands to the tropical soil on which they dwell. The natural fruits and cereals of the country have been neglected. Tinned "chop" is in great demand. And clothing is an excessively expensive item. Therein lies mainly the secret of Liberia's bankruptcy. The native in attired in a yard of Manchester cotton and a few strings of beads. But the Liberian gentleman (in an atmosphere which compels even the European to labor in shirt sleeves and with an abandoned collar and tie) owes it to his dignity to present himself to the public gaze in silk hat, frock coat, kid gloves, patent leather shoes and Illoc-spanned silk waistcoat, while the Liberian lady would consider herself sadly "behin' the fashun"? If her boot heels were less than two inches high and if her hat could not flaunt enough plumage to furnish forth an amateur aviary! The result might have been foreseen from the first—parasitism! The twenty thousand Liberian batten upon the million abortines. The colored gentleman keeps up his appearance at the expense of his retinue of "nigger" scerts. I have shown that the Liberians alone command the government and that any advice or criticism from the white community is bitterly repulsed. Each European or American who visits the Republic is compelled to obtain a Permit of Residence. This document is made out for the period of time—generally two years—that the white man proposes to remain. Any offense against the political fabric (as this just happened to the writer) is met by an action at law "to show cause why your Permit of Residence should not forthwith be annulled." Such trials cannot be called just. I my own case the two (Liberian) barristers, who had already been paid over fifty pounds for my defense, abandoned their briefs immediately they were informed by the court that private instructions had been issued for my removal. I was placed upon the stand as a witness—obviously a travesty o the laws of equity—as no man is required to witness against himself. The examination was of the briefeest. Did I write the pamphlet produced? Did I uphold its veracity? Did I consider it fair criticism? My answers were all in the affirmative. On the advice of the British Attache I then left the Republic within forty-eight hours. I might otherwise have suffered indignities that would have led to an international question. To an autocracy of this kind is duo REV. JOHN H. REED, D.D. Here After Educational Service in Liberia The Revs John Hamilton Reed D.D., formerly Assistant Consul General for the United States in Liberia, and for ten years president of the College of West Africa, Monrovia, returned with Mrs. Reed to this country after a residence of eighteen years in the Negro republic. Dr. and Mrs. Reed went to Liberia in 1905 as missionaries under the Board of Foreign Missions of the Methodist Episcopal Church and have continued their service in this capacity throughout their sojourn. At different times Dr. Reed served as district superintendent of the Monrovia district, editor of the Liberian Methodist, the mission publication; president of the College of West Africa, Vice Consul General for the United States, and has been ministerial delegate to the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church; meeting in this country every four years. Dr. Reed represented Liberian Methodists in 1912, 1915 and 1920. In his educational work in Liberia, Mrs. Reed assisted him by caring for the education of female students and the general promotion of female education in the republic. The tribes of native folk in the hinterland of Liberia are exceptionally fine types, both physically and mentally, according to Dr. Reed, who has lived among them. The Mandeingo and Val people of the interior are magnificent types of manhood and womanhood, and need only occidental education to bring them to a high level of civilization. The Vals have had an alphabet and written language of their own since before the coming of Arab or white man. They are the fact that, Liberia today, in the midst of thriving and progressive colonies like Sierra Leone, the Gold Coast and Nigeria, remains exactly where she was a century ago—bankrupt, inpt, grossly misruled, all her wealth undeveloped and a threatened super spot upon the body of that glorious West African littoral of which the British Empire is so justly proud. As practically, every Liberian one meets is either a barrister, an orator, a professor or a clergyman, the interior remains an unpicked Lock. Only along the coast are to be met commercial enterprises and the results of white endeavor. No "allon" is allowed to travel without a special permit, and the aborigine is ghost jealously guarded from white control, save in those missions where Liberians themselves enjoy liberal emoluments as "pastors." Yet the climate is excellent; not so hot as Nigeria, not so damp as Sierra Leone and not so arid as the Gold Coast. There is ample room for a hundred times the present meagre population. Liberish Conservatism As I have said, the door has been definitely shut against ideas of progress. It should appeal as a significant fact to every student of overseas life that the American Negro has long ago ceased to cross the Atlantic to Africa, in search of the only place where the black man has unquestioned government over the white. In honest truth the American Negro receives a scantier show of courtesy from the Liberian than even the Britlisher. "For the Liberian" is fearful of the American black's brains. It was an American man of color who ran in the recent (May) election for the position of Vice-President. The government did not want him. Hordes of naked aborigines, were suborned to give mass votes at the polls, and Mr. Faulkner's defeat was absolutely overwhelming. One wonders why Britain and France are so supine. They have tremendous stakes in the West African Nero's destiny. But it would seem to be Liberia's very short-sightedness that has protected her from European dominance. She lives wholly, to herself, with no thought of her neighbors. Knowing also that white man's lead toward energy must ultimately slay romance—by bringing too hurriedly beneath a tropical sky the supernaturalities of European culture, and only very slowly its genuine treasures; she still prefers to live the life of 1823 in the year 1823! Hence, there is romance in plenty to be found inside the Liberian Republic—tribes in the far interior that are cannibal and that wander about mother-naked; forests, which guard their own deep secrets of fetish and mature worship; broad rivers and high mountains; mineral wealth that has not even been scratched, and flora and fauna of the wildest and most fascinating kind. Romance! The house boy, who serves your morning cup of tea, may have partaken only a month ago of human flesh. The wash man, who clear-starches your immaculate white drills, may be a member of the dreaded Leopard Society. Attired in the skin of a wild beast, and with steel hooks on the end of the gloves that he wears in imitation of claws, he may have last night ripped open the throat of woman or child on a lonely forest path. He may have cut out a prescribed portion of the intestines, and then have abandoned the corpse, to lead to the supposition that a wild beast was the cause of death. The little pantry boy who washes your crockery may be "slave" to a Liberian neighbor, who is regarded as owner because he has "raised" the child—euphonium for having bought mostly Mohammedans. The Kru tribes on the coast south of Monrovia are also fine specimens and are the most earnest seckers after education of any group, owing to the long efforts of the Rev. Walter B. Williams, Liberia's "Little Giant," who has built a large community of Christians there. There are more Kru students in the schools of the country than of any other tribe. The Grego tribe above Cape Palmas are the most progressive and aggressive people of any group in Liberia, according to Dr. Reed. It was from this tribe that Miss Diana McNell sprang. Miss McNell was adopted by a Methodist missionary to Liberia twenty-five years ago. Bishop William Taylor, the famous missionary bishop of the denomination, brought her to this country at the age of four and presented her to the General Conference of 1855, declaring, "There are no heathen children save by environment and circumstances," a saying now a classic in missionary circles the world over. Miss McNell became a prodigy in this country, attending high school in St. Louis and Kansas City, later graduating with highest honors from the University of Southern California. She joined the faculty of Philander, Smith College, Arkansas, and went back to Liberia as a member of the faculty of the College of West Africa. But the climate of her native land was too much for her health, and she returned to this country, where she is still prominent in educational circles. The Rev. Dr. Reed expects to retire from active educational work and will enter the pastorate in some section where Methodism is asserting itself for the welfare of the Negro race. It from the ignorant aborigine mother for a dollar in merchandise! But these are merely trivial idiosyncrasies. The well-trained aborigine does not bring his habits into the bungalow with him. At your table, dressed in a clean white smock, with quiet tread and respectful voice, he is the incarnation of a reliable, obedient, and faithful servant. Alas! One may not have romance of this primitive's sort coupled with pushful white man's rule! Full well the Liberian knows it! Naturally indolent and pleasure-loving he has chosen to remain in the rut. Nothing short of a dynamite charge could now lift him from it. Above all things he means to keep out the white folk—for he has learned a psychological truth. He has discovered the white man's unconscious drift toward the equator. Some day, indeed, there must begin a great, conscious trek sunward of the northern races. Have I not seen its heralds in my twenty-odd years of familiarity with West Africa? Have I not felt its proofs in the nostalgia for the tropics, which I—and all other men who have labored for a while beneath an ardent African sun—feel for the land of my adoption? As a lad of twenty I turned instinctively toward the equator. I needed sunshine, liberal, satisfying, compensating! To-day, West Africa seems more dear to me than England, and this in spite of a staunch loyalty toward the land of my birth. Soon, who knows how soon, England must be abandoned to the arctic fox and the polar bear. As we count time in this introspective age—ten, twenty, thirty thousand years hence! England, together with the rest of Northern Europe, will be found empty of human habitation. The poles will have widened, and there will be a sliding, movement of all the great races toward the tropics. Not for ever will white folk be content with. A solid, hard pavement under the feet, Blank walls that blot the sky! Not for ever will they tolerate fog and mud and mire and clamorous confusion. Not always will the white man muse, with a smile of pitying indulgence, upon the Negro's lot: a yard of gaudy Manchester cotton for railment, a roof of mats and bamboo to keep out the elements, and fruit, fish, and cereals as adequate and easily-procured diet! That smile of pity will eventually be changed for one of envy and desire! The white man will realize homely old Thoreau's advice of "Simplify, Simplify!" and will find in the fewness of his wants, rather than in the exuberance of his possessions, the quintessence of human wisdom! Then the bogie of sunstroke will be removed once and for all, by the force law of economic necessity. For not many centuries longer will the white householder concept to behold a quarter of his earning powers burned up in coals; and a second quarter thrown away on stout and uncomfortable garments. He will begin to see beauty in the toga of Rome, and in the graceful folds of the Japanese kimono. He will be ready and eager to go back to the warm bosom of mother earth, and to recognize the sun as the universal lifegiver! Even as I did! Twenty years ago I was a neurotic youth, doomed by all the presages of a tainted heredity to an early death from tuberculosis. To-day, after half a lifetime's work on African soul, I am stronger and more energetic than ever I was before! I can do my best work in a shade temperature of ninety, while the sub-consciousness is triumphantly recording memories of a work room in distant England in which a great coal fire had constantly to be heaped on my behalf, and where lamps were needed very early in the evening to eclipse the miserly gifts of a winter sun! Who, among my readers to-day, up in the gelle North, have not longed, hopelessly, ardently, yearningly, as plants that are hidden in dark corners aspires toward the sun, for skies that are always blue, for waves that are of sapphire and diamond, for a sun that never refuses to shine and that knows caught of man-made fog, and for the endless summer which meets no possible winter—a reality that they can only now envisage in the realm of romance, far, far beyond their reach? So far away my Reach of Dreams Beneath such skies Dekarah throughbilled kales. By seas of blue, where drenched in dew Broad fields of poppy rise; And aid the little harbor-bar That fronts the golden west. From out the world, with white wings furled. My dream-ships safely rest! I am writing this at Sierra Leone; while waiting for a steamer to carry me to England. The picture I have shown above is as accurate as if it had been painted by the brush of Luke Fildes. Yet (cynical comment!). Sierra Leone has always been known as the White Man's Grave! "Would you ignore malaria?" sighs fearfully the uninformed northerner. Not at all! But the mosquito is being gradually exterminated, as West Africa is drained of its swamps. Not a single colony out here to-day could appropriately bear the opprobrious name once levelled at the place from which I wrote! If there be risk of fever, how many infinitely worse diseases do not even exist—diphtheria and typhoid to name only two? Many of the minor ills of the flesh—accepted in England as practically inevitable to human existence—are altogether absent from West Africa. Rheumatism need never be felt. Handkerchiefs may be dispensed with, and that irritating disease nasal catarrh If You Want to Be LUCKY, HAPPY AND WELL TELL YOUR SECRETS TO THE RIGHT MAN Happy in Friendship, Business, Eta. SPELLS OF ALL KINDS RELEASED AND BROKEN Medical Preparations for Conjured Pating and Sufferings. LOVE APPLES IN ALL FORMS Nich John the Conqueror, Adam and Eve. All kinds of highly appreciated roots and berries. Call, or if out of town, write. CASH OR CREDIT I Will. Credit You It Matters. Net Where You Live D. ALEXANDER 90 Downing Street, Brooklyn, N. Y. Of all writers of poetry who have written for the cause of regaining the continent of Africa for the Negro people, Ethel Trew Duntlap is at once observed to be the most prominent she is untrifling in her efforts for the African cause, and is no less acute to the many other phases of the great problem of the Negro race in America and elsewhere. Miss Dunlap may well be called a poetess-enthusiast of racial uplift when we consider the large amount of poetry she has written in the racial vein. Her art is distinctive and attractive. She is a stunner defender of her race, and some of the poems written in defense of her people are pregnant with noble interpretation and spiritual appeal. The poems written in this strain are generally mild in tone, though they are never lacking in the spirit of righteous indignation for any wrong done her people. Miss Dunlap has shown herself to be heartily in accord with the U. N. I. A. movement, and her pen has been ever faithful in its cause. In her writings for the African cause she has always sought to create a more harmonious feeling between the white race and the Negro race, endeavoring to show that while the Negro years for independence and a government of his own, he is not necessarily embittered in his attitude toward the white race because of his efforts to attain these ends. Her poem, "If I Should Die Tonight," is an excellent example of Miss Dunlap's efforts to inculcate race pride, and at the same time to eliminate the spirit of race friction. Her tender little poem, "Native Love," is especially charming in its simplicity. It follows: Come to me, my little lamb, Virgin black land of Ham, Like a lambain none astray, From thy native fold away. We are far from Afric shore That our blood makes us adore, In thine eye is Nubia blaze, Careless thine, like Egypt's ways. Blessed Jesus made us black; Some day He may take us back Where the palms are sighing now To care for our absent brow. They have robbed us of the Nile, But it bites back on thy smile. Be my continent they stol; Though we never reach its goal; In each other let us find Trouble landy we left behind! No less charming and touching than this is, "A Merciful Dream," which expresses the feminine longing for security, and the desire for the plea of country which, because of the Negro's peculiar position in America, it is well-nigh impossible for the Negro to cherish in full for America. The "merciful dream" is the vision of Africa highly civilized and reclaimed and controlled by the Negro. The poem is a mild but keen satire directed at those who scout the African redemption idea. The poem opening with the line, "I am not black as Kedar's tents, and yet----" is fraught with impression of the mix-blooded Negra's fine spiritual reverence for the darker rather than the fairer side of his ancestry, a spirit which is now more than ever before binding all members of the race into a stronger, spiritual union. In the above-mentioned poem, Miss Dunlap falls to see beauty in "Aryan Visage Fair," and in the last line, though she is evidently of light complexion herself, she says, "I fancy that I see my image black." need not be experienced. Doubtless excessive use of alcohol is the real bogie that has made possible more than half the terrors of tropical breakdown. We learn wisdom the longer we are an overseas power. To conclude my subject—I have said that Liberia's door is shut. It is because, of that wilfully closed door that the only Negro Republic stands to-day as a land of tremendous possibilities. Without wishing to deprive the Negro of self-government—much as what I have seen proves him to be far from ready for the burden!—I look forward to the day when Liberia shall take from her lethargy. I want to see her alive to her responsibilities—and to bring about a condition of affairs that shall guarantee to the white man a fair and square deal from the black! Let the Negro's motto be, as it has always been, Sursum cordal—which in this instance, may aptly be translated—"Are we downhearted?" By J. M. STUART-YOUNG. (Author, of "The Seductive Coast," etc.) Evidence of the fact that Miss Dunlap has made a serious study of ancient history relating to her people is found in the poems containing around Bible stories dealing to some extent with characters of the Ethiopian race, or the race that is today called the Negro. Among the poems suggested by Bible history are, "Sweet Zippopotam" and "Simon of Cyrene." These poems woven into Bible history are rather mythical in atmosphere—which is exactly as they should be. Miss Dunlap throws an exceedingly chaste and romantic splendor about her "sable" characters. "Joan of Arc" is an appreciation of the far-famed French heroine in which the postress Expresses a desire to do, like Joan of Arc, something worthy in the interest of her race. Miss Dunlap seems to have but one notable handicap in writing her poetry. She seems to lack the power of carrying in her poems a large amount of intricately aranged rhyme without apparent difficulty. But this seeming handicap will count little if any against her in the popular view, since the majority of the people care little about the "meter" of a poem, and are chiefly concerned as to its material and treatment. But in order to gain recognition in the critical view the poet must be versatile in his forms and measures, as well as in his materials, and he must realise that poems written in intricate forms are usually the most striking and beautiful. However, the poems, "Congo Rome" and "Palm Shadows," show a decided break away from this minimum use of rhyme which I have mentioned, and demonstrate the poets' possibilities of attaining to the highest in variation of metrical forms. The reader's appreciation of Miss Dunlap's poems should not be lessened because of the above criticism, since the handcrap mentioned is really slight from the broader viewpoint, and there is every reason to hope that she will become more versatile in her choice of forms and measures. One comes to realize more and more as one reads Miss Dunlap's poems that it will be the women of the race who will lead the race to a higher and more genuinely cultured spiritual plane. I will blow my article by saying what is already known to every attentive reader of Miss Dunlap's poetry: Miss Dunlap is -yes-a poetess-laureate and a heroine to her race, in that she has dared to write for a cause that means everything to the future well-being of her race at a time when that cause is the object of the supercilious ridicule and contempt of many of her own people, thus, to a certain extent, sacrificing for the time her chance to win a larger but what could not be other than a less altruistic fame. "MORRIS" Summer Specials 4,800 UKULELES ON SALE CUT PRICE $1.85 KODAKS AND FILMS EXPERT DEVELOPING Special: Eastman Brownie No. 2, $1.99 German Well- Made Portable Phonograph $14.50 MORRIS MUSIC SHOP Lenox Avenue, Cor. 143d St., N. Y. FREE LESSONS WITH EACH SAXO- PHONE, VIOLIN, CLARINET, CORNET CORNS REMOVED DR. J. P. BAILEY REGISTERED CHIROPODIST Never Ignores Free Troubles- They Injure the Nerves. Phone: Aud. 4136 101 W. 141st St. The usual mass meeting of the U. N. I. A. of the Port Limon Division No. 110. was called to order by E. S. Hart, the first vice-president, on Tuesday night, May 15, at 7:30 p. m., by the singing of the usual opening ode, "From Greenland's Icy Mountains," with prayer following. Owing to the paucity of attendance the vice-president was bound to give an opening address before the reading of the minutes which was not customary. E. S. Hart, first vice-president, in his clear, and lucid style, extended a cordial welcome to all present, but was very much disappointed, he said, in meeting such a small gathering. It appears to him, said the speaker, in continuing, that some of our people do not yet realize the importance of the organization. He next assured his audience, the specific purpose that we are congregating for from time to time, also the benefit that will accrue from it, through our determination in adhering closely to this grand and noble movement. We should show more dedication to this position. votion towards this association, for the principles laid down by the Hon. Marcus Garvey is a righteous one, which, without doubt, of successful contradiction, will uplift this downtrodden race of ours. The vice-president showered congratulations on the small audience for our presence and for the spirit that has been manifested by us in keeping the doors opened, knowing that it is a duty incumbent on us to be present. Since this movement is the only hope of our salvation, said Mr. Hart, we should be more alert at this crucial moment, for we have had a great task before us, we should be more serious as the other races are serious of any propositions that is being sponsored by them. We should link together, said the vice-president in conclusion, with one consolidated, and our results would be a stupendous one. The minutes of last meeting were read and adopted. S. L. Gordon, the financial secretary, next read the president-general's speech from the Negro World which was greatly applauded. The first vice-president further exhorted his hearers to entertain fresh courage, and a new industrial hope, we can certainly get to Africa, and perform the same industrial pursuit as the white man. It is our intention to build a great government of our own in Africa, our forefathers' land, and who is required of us to achieve same is self determination. The speaker next referred to Japan who was not recognized in years ago, but through self-determination she is now regarded and respected by all the other powers of the world. Hence it is for us as new Negro to be induced with the same attitude in order to ascend us and our generation to come on a higher plant of life. A solo was next rendered by Mrs. Madrina Williamson, which was greatly applauded. The president, Dupetel T. Roberts, was the next speaker who greeted the audience. He was exceedingly pleased to be present, he said, but was displeased of the attendance here tonight. The active members should invite their friends to the hall, to get them indoctrinated with the movement, instead of keeping away for many of those who are outside, do not understand the aim and object of the U. N. L. A. After a brief reference to the president-general's speech on Africa, the president said the laudable Negroes of Limon referred to those of us who are active members of the association as nonentities, those of color-refused absolutely to link up, but he can assure us that in the near future seats will not be available to accommodate them in this spacious hall. This movement is for the purpose of improving us along all lines and it is for us at this crucial moment, to cast in our lot, when our financial surroundings is in a sound condition, and when we have aspired to the zenith of success in forming a government of our own in Africa the Scientist Produces an Invigorator Cuasior to Gland Treatments— Wonderful Power of a Bark. From Africa Have you lost your youth, vigor and "pep"? Does life seem dull and work a grind? Don't worry. Science has produced a new formula said to be superior even to the much discussed gland treatments. Many men and women are now quickly and easily regaining health, vigor and vitality in the privacy of seem. The principal ingredient is an extract from the bark of an African tree. It is said to be a most remarkable Invigorator. Combined with it are other efficient tonic and vitalizing elements of proved merit. In many cases the compound produces marked improve-ments. In hours, in a short time the vitality is fully restored. The nutrition improved and the glow of health is felt in every part. The laboratories producing this new vitalizer; which is called Re-Blid-Tabs, co confident of its power that they offer to customers for only $1 and guarantee to refund the money if the remedy falls to give results in one week. Any reader of this paper may test any of the laboratories, and money, but just your name and address to the Re-Blid Laboratories, 128 Gateway Station, Kansas City, Mo., and a full $1 treatment of Re-Blid-Tabs will be received only $1 and postage. If not delighted with the results, notify the laboratories and your money will be refunded in full. Do not hesitate about this offer, as it is fully guaranteed. other races, will respect us. The speaker reminded us of the stringent laws that is being enacted by the separate governments of the world where Negroes are demilitarized and should we not get busy and be alert we will be exterminated as the North American Indians were. He further reiterated the bad actions that pervades our people with regard to the move and inquired what is wrong with us, why will we not copy the example of the other races as a whole? We are not to copy the white man's style alone, but to copy his example commercially and industrially, and go no distant date we will be on the same level. God is not coming down from Heaven to help us out of our poor poverty state. The patriarchs of old were all rich men. God never made us to be poverty-striken. He wanted us to distract from our minds, said the president, the sayings that has been entertained by us, that we were not born to be a better people. We are to improve ourselves politically as well as religiously. Christ said to His Disciples, "Love ye one another," and such example we are to follow, and not to think that the ministers can save us with the wine. Such is only for the purpose of extorting our earnings. It is for us as new Negroes to resolve at this juncture to realize what the U. N. I. A. stands out boldly for, we are not to stop to listen to the undesirables who are trying to thwart the gain and object of this grand and noble movement. The president, in conclusion, gave thanks to his audience for their patient hearing. Mr. B. Pickering, in a brief speech, said he was pleased to meet his people in this, unfinished Liberty Hall. There are three words that is hampering the situation—if, but, and perhaps—and these words crush everything when attention is being paid to them. Should we want to rush this movement, to go ahead, we need to do away with if, but, and perhaps. Mr. Pickering assures us in conclusion that Mr Garvey in launching out did not think of ifs and buts and neither did Columbus. We are to say that we must, and that will burn with candle light. Mrs. Mabel Williams, the third lady vice-president, next entertained the house, with a beautiful solo. Mrs. Williams was greatly applauded for her melodious voice. Mr. S. L. Gordon, the financial secretary, next greeted his audience and introduced the third reading of the sick benefit concession to the house, which met the approval of all present. The president in his closing speech said he was very much pleased to see that the concession was adopted with entire satisfaction by us. The U. N. J. A. is certain to improve our financially should we adhere to the fundamental principles therein. Mr. E. S. Hart, first vice-president, next gave thanks to his guidance for their attendance and hoped to niece a larger gathering at the next meeting. This brought the meeting to a close at 10 o'clock by the dinging of the Ethiopian anthem. Dam, for special uplift. G. E. WELLINGTON. Associate Secretary. THE KNOXVILLE, TENN. DIVISION STAGES AN INTERESTING MEETING THE KNOXVILLE, TENN. DIVISION STAGES AN INTERESTING MEETING Saturday, May 27, was a red letter day in the city of Knoxville, Tenn., for the Universal Negro Improvement Association. A grand unveiling of the chapter of Chapter No. 81, at the Ethiopian Apostolic Church at the hour of 3 o'clock. Rev. T. C. Glashen, pastor of the church, former commissioner and now president of the chapter, called the meeting to order. Program. 1. Song, "From Greenland's Ice Mountains." 2. Invocation, Chaplain Dixie Lyons. 3. Song, America's national anthem. 4. Address, First Vice-President Rev. Dr. R. Mayers. 5. Song U, N. L. A., chorus. 6. Paper reading, Mrs. J. S. Daily. 7. Address, Dr. A. Dawson, president of the division, but failed to turn up without an excuse. 8. Song, Girl's Reserve, girl's chorus, Collection. 9. After the collection Rev. Glashen said I am going to turn upon this great assembly some of our big guns. Next on the program was Dr. J. H. Presnell, who started the ball rolling from one corner of the building to the other. 10. Reading of paper, Mrs. Raney Seguine. 11. Song, Black Star Line, chorus. 12. Address, Rev. George Housland, pastor of the Christian Church. 13. Reading paper, Miss. Jesse Michell, general secretary. 14. Address, Attorney John A. Huff. 15. Unvelling of charter and flag of red, black and green. 16. Address, Master of Ceremonies Rev. T. C. Glasher, president. 17. Benediction, Chaplain of Division Mr. Singleton. MYSTIC KEY Everybody is Worning it LOCK is Resist a MYSTIC KEY lock unlocks the door when neither told the Beautiful Gardens of Love and Happiness Olary and Pame and Recess! Go back to charn, fab, or invalture. Gold f. $1.50. Silver ring $2.50. When delivered, pay price and postage 116th Avenue, Station, New York Today the U. N. I. A., or rather some of the leading men of the U. N. I. A. ex-leaders and present leaders are being put to the test. No organization, society or people is worthwhile if they cannot withstand the test of time. As an individual I am glad that this case is in action. . If the Hon. Mr. Garvey, the leader of this organization, is any way in fault wilfully, mistakenly, carelessly or otherwise, he is called by the laws of the U. S. A. to give an account of his stewardship. The business section of this society known as the Black Star Line has the laws of the U. S. A. behind it, to protect the people who invest therein. Up to now we have read in the papera u the prosecution—just one side of the story; our noble, honest and upright leaders will have to put up their defense to show their innocence to the entire world. About two months ago I asked through the medium of this paper that the financial standing of the organization be told me. (I was glad, Mr. Editor, you published my letter, as many such, letters have been turned down time and again.) Up to now one has given me any light on the matter. One kind brother tried to say "all was well with his division," he being president. I know better than that. I know the brother is talking against his conviction, and if not go, then he is not wise. All of us cannot see alike in this world; the more hawking out "all is well" will not suit everybody. There are those of us who want to know in detail, and the man who does not want to know the details of his business is a fool. Why should I stand aside and think and believe things are going wrong without asking at the head? Why should I believe the leaders of this organization are off the track without questioning them? Would I not be a fool? Surely, the answer is yes. Why should I believe everything is going good without questioning our leaders? Would I not be equally ignorant? Follow Negroes, it never rains but it pours. This is no time to leave our organization. The leaders must stand or fall. If we in the past have been trusting incompetent or untrustworthy leaders the test is on; let us stick to our association and see fairly the result. There are those of us that have our opinions rightly or wrongly; let us keep to our post. If our leaders prove themselves worthy keep them; if they do not dump them in hell and go forward. Every nation does this and we won't be singular. The fight is on, and I say again I am glad no weeping nor bawling will save the situation. As members of this noble cause we have entrusted our business in the hands of the best men or the men we believed best. Let us bear from them their reports; let us see the books they have been keeping. Let us find out the interced these, our new Negroes, took in the job they have been doing. We are expecting our chosen leader will so show up to the world at large that we shall have reason to be proud of them. If there was a time when the Negro should show to the world his true manliness it is now. If there was a time the Negro should show to the world his noble capability to lead it is now. When this case is through we will have no need to believe the financial standing of the Black Star Line, for the court will demand it in detail. Then, I trust, the financial standing of the U. N. L. A. on the whole will be told the members. RICHARD A. MOODIE. Cayo Mambl Div. No. 350. SANTIAGO, CUBA, NEWS --- Division 194 is still gently moving on account of its bad management recently our noble division went flat, and now we are fighting to resuscitate the division. During our last administration it went so well that for six weeks we could only get six members present at the meetings, but since the changing of administration we are waking up. May God in His infinite mercy aid Santiago Division. It would appear that our officers only accepted office for personal aims and they proved a failure to the people, and should the people change them or ask them to satisfy the people better, they become the most murderous enemies to the division. With the exception of one, all others have shown themselves. It is true that many of the divisions in Cuba have been smushed up, nevertheless, they were not all caused by despotic management; some are from the absence of a high commissioner to assist us. We certainly have some faithful, trust-hearted members, who really will go with this movement, but we also have some cruel propagandists who are working with might and main to overthrow our division by their wicked counsel to our members and unrolled members of their race. Then there are such cruel chemical feelings existing between them that makes every good thing impossible. On the whole, our English Negroes on this side are built up of nothing but malice and vindictiveness. From such, good Lord, deliver us. It is true, to become enemy to your best friend is to tell him or her the truth of their faults, but what can we do? Must we go on like, that knowing we are made of one blood and form one race? Then, what will the other races say of us? Do not the, other races have their pride? Were not we made in God’s own image and likeness? Then, how is it that we should THE WORLD'S FAMOUS INDIAN HERB MEDICINES Women and men, less you forget the Indian Quick Half Grower for growers its falling. Now 640 per can. Long Life Tonics for the blood and rheumatism 75a. Cbryum Syrup for stubborn colds and cough 75a. L. & B. Face Lotion for cleaning the face from worms and bumps 75a. All promptly attented to. Sold by all drupees. not drive for our social betterment? Why is it that we should not unknowingly make free our motherland, Africa when it's an undoubted fact that it is the land of the Negroes? Even now none of the strong and might governments of the world have told us or can tell us that Africa is not ours, but because they predominated the world and because of the great riches that Africa possesses the dominating powers will not let loose our country to us. Nevertheless, fellow workers of this, my noble race, we had not called for Africa and were refused. We are now organising in one body to show to the world that we are a recognized race made by God as the others and that, according to the Scripture teachings, civilized England, Germany, America and all other great powers, and handed down to us by John Wielif, and William Tindal and others, that Ethiopia is the land for the Negroes. And we, therefore, need it now. They have been exploiting it and telling our older parents they were taking care of it. Now, we can take care of ourselves and our property and be your friends as others, so that peace and unity will rule the world as was expected by God. May I ask where are these great men, the Archbishops of England, Germany, America and the Pope of Rome and his bishops, who taught the civilized world the Bible, and they who claim to be the head of the apostles of God, cannot or will not they show to the heads of their countries that the Negro's cause is a righteous one and advise their kings and emperors to give the Negroes what is theirs? This, and only this, will bring scream peace to the world and the souls of men. H. STONEWALL JACKSON. St. Secretary Santiago Division. CAPT. GAINES' BRILLIANT WORK IN PITTSBURGH CAPT. GAINES' BRILLIANT WORK IN PITTSBURGH The Pittsburgh local of the Universal Negro Improvement Association was fortunate to have with them the Right Honorable Captain E. L. Gaines, Minister of Legions and Minister Plenipotentiary of the U. N. L. A. The captain was welcomed by all the members of the association in and around Pittsburgh on Sunday, May 6. His mission to Pittsburgh will always be remembered by the members and the community at large for the work performed by him. We are, not going to compare the captain with Ralph Waldo Emerson, George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, nor Lincoln. Emerson was a poet, philosopher, essayist and lecturer. Washington is called the father of our country. Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence. Lincoln is considered the Emancipator. We are of the opinion that the captain, although retaining an originality, still has a combination of virtues that he is not conscious of. The cross between knowledge and conduct. The captain's mission to Pittsburgh was that of solidifying the various locals of the association, so as to form an organization, both in letter and spirit. To accomplish a job of that nature seems to be very easy from the point of theory, but, on the other hand, it meant sound judgment, common sense, reason, and the kind of maternal on hand for disposal. The mere foot that he had accomplished his aim showed that he had at his hand nearly all of those factors. On May 14 a special business meeting was called, and the various locals assembled at Liberty Hall, Caldwell avenue and Miller street, Pittsburgh, for the purpose of consolidation. The Honorable George A. Wenton, president of the local, tendered his resignation, which was accepted. The captain then declared all, other officers vacant, and after going through other business formalities proceeded to the selection and appointment of new officers. That selflessness caused by the desire of official positions, which was always detrimental to the Universal Negro Improvement Association, and all other organizations with lofty ideals, was, to a great extent, dissolved at this meeting, and the spirit of unity was seen. Mr. James Gill, of Henon Hill by-ln, in surrendering the charter to the accredited representative of the parent body, Captain E. L. Gaines, stated that he was conscious of the fact that the charter was the property of the parent body of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, who is the creator of the various locals. If the parent body thought that by its present action it would bring better results for the future, "It was not for him to ask the reason why, but for him to do or die." The captain then rose, and with a seriousness that could be seen by every one, said that the author of *JH. Gill* was compendible, and that if the spirit could be caught universally the alms and objects as written in the constitution could be erased, as that is the true spirit of the association. The charters of the Garvey Club No. 74 and the North Side Local Were also surrendered without any friction, but with joy and friendship. New Officera Elected officers—Mr. James Gill, president; Mr. William Amos; first vice-president; Mrs. Lydia Sheffton, lady president; Mrs. Adelaide Drum- mond; first lady vice-president. Trustee board—Mr. D. C. Berrlen, chairman of board; Mr. R. S. Jones, Mr. Daniel Douse, Mr. W. L. Carter, Mr. William Hinds, Mr. John Arm- strong, Mr. Jerry Sykes. Treasurer—Mr. James Card. Second Lady Vice-President—Mrs. Ida May Johns. Chaplain—Elder S. C. Cornish. Appointed officers—Mr. M. T. F. Wyder, captain of the legions: Mr. Tim, Span, first lieutenant: Mr. Mose Whilworth, second lieutenant. Black, Cross—Mrs. Phillips, head of the Black Cross. Juveniles—Mrs. A. Berrlen, instructor of juveniles. Mr. William Wyder, general secretary protem. On May 22 a banquet was given in honor of Capt. Gaines, Hen. Geo. A. Weston and Mr. J. L. Logan of the Chicago local, for the good work performed by them in the city of Pittsburgh. Before the banquet the usual meeting of the local was held and a farewell address was given, by the Hon. Geo. A. Weston, who is now president of the Cleveland local. Mr. J. L. Logan also spoke. Mr. Weston in his address said that he was only trying to make a farewell address, but in fact he was not himself that night. It was a very peculiar occasion for him, and anyone else would have felt the same. But on the other hand, said the speaker, he was thankful for one thing, and that was the sincere desire of the majority of the members in Pittsburgh to decide on what he had often advocated, "a united front". He said that he had promised to use all the power at his command to get the desired result, but just as he was thinking of giving up hope, the strong man of the association came in just in time and said, "Son, you have done well; your objection is good. My help is at your service. We will put it over." And so he did. His wish was that the good spirit will continue in Pittsburgh. Mr. J. L. Logan said that his desire was to see the U. N. L. A. go over the top, and that was the chief reason why he made it a point of duty to visit all the locals in and around Pittsburgh, giving all the aid he could give to the cause. The captain gave a spirited address. His subtitle was "The Fallacy of Astronomical Science," which he handled with great skill, puncturing many of the theories set forth by scientists pertaining to the heliophenology. He did not clap without touching upon the economic framework of the success of the race divided into two compartments, namely, demand and supply, showing how important it is for the Negro race to play some part in the world's supply, not only in producing some but, to some extent, to be able to control some. The horse is able to help pollution by ploughing the soil but that did not remove the fact that after the gots are produced he cannot get a quart of those come gots to cat except it is given to him, because he cannot control what he has helped to produce. The captain paid glowing tribute to the officers and members of the local for the lavish display of more things that was laid on the table, and said that he appreciated very much the kindness shown. Mr. Weston, after receiving a sword given by the East End and Pittsburgh locals, thikened them very much for their kindness, and said with other things that he hoped the redeployment of Africa will be realized, and that the sword he used only when other means have limit 1. The meetings on the whole were very good and brought to our recollection those lines of Rudyard Kipling: "It ain't the guns nor armament, nor funds that they can pay. But the close co-operation that makes them win the day; It ain't the individual, nor the army; as a whole. But the everlastin' team-work of every bloomin' soul." REPORTER: P. S.: Through Captain Gaines's efforts, not only Pittsburgh, Pa., but also Farrell, Pa., and Cleveland, Ohio, subscribed generously to the Defense Fund. 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If you wish to become an agent for this wonderful preparation, a full supply that you can begin to GROWER MF'R., Greensboro, N. O. Owing to pressure on our space in reporting the proceedings of the trial of Marcos Garvey, the following interesting article by Prof. Adam was unavoidably held over. -Editor. May I not use the columns of The Negro World, to demonstrate to the seakers after truth how logical and farfetched were the statements made by "Col." Simmons in his editorial in the Chicago Defender of the 5th Inst. on Haiti? He has very little knowledge of Haitiial affairs and the affairs of his race. I would ignore his editorial on Haiti entirely if I did not realize that he was trying to misinform the people. I feel that I would be shaking my duty to my race if after I have discovered what is in this man, I did not let them know about it. Simmons does not care what he says about Negroes so long as he has an audience and can make some money. He is like some Negro writer trying to make his pen pay. He ridicules the American and gives the black eye to the Haitian Negroes. After reading some parts of his article you could exclaim: "Et tu, Brutus!" If he had not long ago been classed among the Negroes who are ashamed of the Negro blood coursing through their veins. He has no sense of sportsmanship. A good sportsman does not strike a man while he is down. Cowards do that. He has not learned anything from Simon the Cyrenae, who notwithstanding the hostilities of the multitude and their jeers against Christ, had the manly courage to help him with his cross. Would "Col." Roscoe Conkling Simmons help a black man bear his cross? No. He tries to establish a difference between American and Haitian Negroes. If you study, him carefully you will find that he is with neither, but for Simmons first, last and at all times. Some Negroes are more dangerous in the rank than out of it because people are inclined to believe if not all but a part of what they say when in and are thereby led astray. They have become skeptical about their race, and the consequence is that we have less men with backbone enough to fight for the rehabilitation of our race everywhere and specially on the Continent of Africa, where once again the star of the Negro is due to shine. Negroes like Simmons are dangerous because they have education enough to camouflage them. because they unintentionally and uncalled for, because the American Negroes had already declared that for racial reasons and for justice they were in favor of seeing independence restored to the Haitian people. It should be the policy of all Negro leaders to "better conditions in all Negro communities." To show how lacking Col. Simmons is in historical information, I'll say that he came pretty near being born in the very island whose people he would help to crush. In 1842, under Emperor Soulaque, an effort was made by Haitians and Northern Abolitionists to induce their enslaved countrymen in America to emigrate to Haiti. Some of them had gone there under President Boyer in 1821 from the New England States. President Grant also wanted to help the freedmen by sending them to the island, and in his final message in 1877 he said: "The uncompetitive race of the South would have found there a congenial home where their civil rights would not be disputed and where their labor would be so much sought after that the poorest among them could have found means to go. Thus in case of great oppression and cruelty such as have been practiced on them in many places within the last eleven years, whole communities would have sought refuge in Santo Domingo. I do not suppose that the whole race would have gone, nor is it desirable that they should go. 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COPYRIGHT NOTICE Library of Congress, Washington This is to Certify, in conformity with section 55 of the Act to Amend and Consolidate the Acts respecting Copyright approved March 4, 1989, as amended by the Act approved March 2, 1913, that Two copies of the Book named herein have been deposited in this office under the provisions of the Act of 1989, together with the Affidavit prescribed in section 10.1 Choreel, and that registration of it is taken to copyright for the First level of 50 years from the date of publication of said book has been duly made in the name of Amy Jacqueline Harvey. The West 17th St., New York. Title of Book: Fiction and Opinion of Man and Harvey. Edited by Amy Jacqueline Harvey, the United States situation somewhere, and a descendant of the same Negroes is so satisfied with his own condition that he wants the other fellow to make quick work of his anexation scheme in order that he might have peace of mind. He is tired of worrying about the Negro problem. "Col." Simmons, supposed to be a Negro says in his editorial: "Reports say that a pamphlet, asking intervention to prevent the annexation of Haiti by the United States was distributed by the delegates to the Pan-American conference in session at Santiago Chile. The pamphlets were not given to the American delegates." I am sorry that the committee, which saw to the delivery of the pamphlets does not know America. You cannot judge America by what a President or an administration does. There is what they call an American conscience, and when it is reached John Browns, Lincoln and Grant appears. They should have extended the same courtesy to the American delegates, because in that delegation there might be men absolutely in sympathy with Haiti's aspirations and those of the Negro race. The Negro race in America had its Roosevelt and its Foraker. Because the members of the Haitian delegation to Chile failed to take into consideration American psychology, is it the reason why a Negro should take advantage of that situation to let out what was dormant within him about his race—his hatred for that race? That is what "Col." Roscoe Conkling Simmons did. He appears to me like a Ben Tillman or a Vardaman of the Negro race. That committee might have been suspicious about the American delegation, remembering that it was the American delegation which rejected a draft presented to the Allies and Associated Powers to be inserted in the League of Nations Covenant proclaiming the equality of the human races. They should, not be blamed until the white man shows a disposition to be his brother's keeper. Another reason why they did not give pamphlets to the American delegation was because Haiti, which did not offer any passive resistance to the occupying forces of the United States, is treated worse than Santo Domingo, the Spanish side of the island, which refused entirely to have anything to do with them when they took charge of Santo Domingo. The Spanish countries have been boycotting the United States and making it so unpleasant for Americans in account of the treatment meted out to Santo Domingo and Mexico that they gave Santo Domingo a larger measure of home rule than Haiti. The delegates only tried to get the support of South America, feeling that, notwithstanding all that had been said in their behalf, Uncle Sam was not inclined to allow them to have the three branches of government: executive, legislative and judicial. He says to American Negroes: "Get a toe hold yourself, then you can speak for others." It is an admission that they have not a toe hold. If they have not had it, does he expect them to get it now? I hope he has been reading about the activities of the Kuju Klijn Klan, and the Knights of the White Lights. The effects of those organizations are reflected even in Haiti. The Haitians are fighting for their freedom and the independence of their country as a matter of principle, not because they do not feel rather nervous about their position in the Antilles under the jealous eyes of white exploiters looking for more lands to conquer in order to find places where they can, under a seeming form of government, evade the laws of prohibition and have them labor at 10 cents a day. With such Negroes as Colonel Simmons at large to hamper the progress of the race, we see more clearly the necessity of following the program of the Universal Negro Improvement Association to build a strong government on the continent of Africa to look after the interests of Negroes. It will be the only way to keep from being segregated, Jim-crowed, chain-ganged, lynched and burned in the Southland, no matter what the Simmones may say. He says: "They are black, and we must be for them, seems to be the cry." It is far from being his cry. It is the cry of the four hundred million Negroes of the world, minus one, "Coli" Roscoe. He will never join that chorus. He is a 100 per cent American Negro in the North and a momentity in the Southland. He doesn't think in the terms of a Negro nation, he has no race pride. Haiti, Liberia, Abyssinia and the United States of Africa, to be free, from foreign domination, would enhance the dignity and self-respect, of all Negroes, even those with a small percentage of Negro blood in their veins. If at this hour you fall the black man in his fight for freedom and independence the world over he will never forget your ingratitude. He says: "Keep in mind that you are American and not Haitian Negroes." The American Negroes know that as well as "Col." Roscoe. If they see fit to sympathise with the Haitian Negroes, that is their business. If he is no mercenary as to be willing at all times to sell his inheritance for a mess of pottage, he does not have to shout it from the house tops. There is a tie of blood between the Negroes in the Western Hemisphere. When a slave ship brought a cargo, sometimes a brother was left in the West Indies and a sister brought to the United States of America, and vice versa. He says that before Uncle Jim went to Haiti in 1918 the island did not own a railroad. If it did not own a railroad, who was running the trains from Port art Prince to the plains of Culpeber and Leogand. Who built the round houses on the road to Peu de Choix? We asked the "Colonel" if anybody else is building any railroad there. No one. He imagines things. He says that in 1815 less than 3 per cent. of the people could read and write. He does not know that the prevailing language in Haltt. is French. Now Simmons makes a bold defense for the occupation and the Borno Government. He says: "Haitians claim that Borno was forced on them. He was elected President at the first orderly election in the history of the republic. The crowd opposed to him walked out of the Assembly." If the American Negroes had not read the report of General Russell, High Commissioner to Haltt, they would think that Colonel Simmons was giving authentic news about doings in Haltt. He has made a mistake in speaking after General Russell, because General Russell himself has been taken to task about his statements on the election of Borno and the state of affairs in Haltt in general. Simmons tried to enlarge on what he said instead of weighing both sides, before he spoke. The general never said a word about any assembly, knowing fully well that there was none. The American public will really see that things are carried on in a mysterious way in Haltt, because after a President is elected the people are divided as to by what body he was elected. That in itself is patent proof that something is wrong somewhere. It behooves "Col." Simmons not to repeat after anybody without due investigations. President Borno was elected by a patched-up Council of States. The council is composed of 21 members appointed by the president. Those who elected Borno were appointed by Sudre Dartiguenave. Borno is appointing new ones now. It is an insult to the intelligence of the people of Haiti and to our race in general to call a council an assembly. He was not elected, according to the Constitution of 1918, which was drafted by the Assistant Secretary of the Navy of the United States, because even that constitution calls for a House, a Senate and a National Assembly. He says that Borno's only crime is, that instead of being pro-French, he is pro-American. Who told Simmons that the Haitians are against Borno, because he is not pro-French? The Haitians are against Borno because he is not pro-Haitian, pro-Negro, and that he is of French parentage, although born in Haiti. Simmons gets the facts mixed. During prohibition days you would expect an editor to be more careful than that. Truth crushed to earth shall rise again. He says that Americans are in Haiti because the Germans were monkeying with Haitian affairs trying to control the coaling station at Mole St. Nicholas, and were caught at muddying the political waters, at Cap-Haltien, Northern headquarters. Who, gave "Col." Simmo that information? "Cincinnatus Lecompte, President of Haiti, happened to be friendly to the Germans in Haiti long before the war, because he was educated in Germany. Did that signify that the Germans were monkeying with Haitian affairs? The Haitians refused long time ago to grant the Mole St. Nicholas to the United States of America for a coaling station. How could they turn around and lease it to Germany, knowing as they do that it would he against the Monroe Doctrine? All foreigners intrigue in Haiti in order to get either favors in case of a successful revolution or indemnities in case of losses incurred during a change of government. He says that Uncle Sam went to Haiti to keep European nations from blocking him on the sea. The Constitution of Haiti and the Monroe Doctrine were sufficient guarantees against any such eventualities. Uncle Sam could wait and see if the Haitians were going to amend their constitution in order to lease the Mole to Germany or any other nation, and object in view of the protection that he is supposed to give to these small republics under the Monroe Doctrine. Advisers could have been given Haiti to help her, without sending marines into the interior to humiliate the natives, throw Haitian officials out of employment, and have their places taken by Americans who left their own positions in the United States. The reason given for the flooding of Hattl with marines and big-salaried white officials is very filmy. If it were done in fear of Germany losing the Mole, the German danger is ceased to exist since 1918, and there is a High Commission there now. "Col" Simons criticized self-government in Hattl. He is in favor of annexation. No wonder he is claused among the Negroes who are ashamed of the Negro blood coursing through their veins. If he cannot say . . . word to help Haiti, Liberia and Africa, he should not wish to see the standard of his race lowered by white supremacy enthroned there, whether by American, British or French. You may call yourself American, British, French or African Negroes; you show your love for race in proportion to your sympathy for it when it is threatened or outraged. He is ashamed of the Haitians on account of their revolutionary spirit. Are the whites ashamed of the Balkan States on account of their fighting spirit? Are the Americans ashamed of Mexico? Are the Americans ashamed of America on account of its riots, its mobs, its lynchings? Simmons would do well to let international questions alone, because in tackling them he shows utter ignorance of his subject, and exposes America to be scored talking as naively as he does about diplomatic complications. In trying to prize so lightly the sovereignty of a country the "Colonel" forges that government derives its just power from the governed, and that the United States Government is a government of the governed, by the governed and for the governed. What is good for the whites of the United States of America and the Negroes in the Northern States is also good for the Negroes in Halifax. PRES. HARRELL, PRESIDENT OF NATIONAL NEGRO BOARD OF TRADE AND CHAMBER OF COMMERCE, TELLS THE WHITE PRESS WHY NEGROES ARE LEAVING THE SOUTH To the Editor of the Charleston, S. C. American. Dear Sir: After carefully reading editorials in your paper the morning of June 4, 1928, asking for opinions of its readers, I take pleasure in submitting these for publication. I am pleased to note the open and frank statements of our Southern white people in different papers, like Macon, Columbus and Albany, Ga. Very much pleased, too, to think the entire South has awakened to ask questions, wondering, though, would answers be adhered to. The National Negro Board of Trade and Chamber of Commerce would be pleased to call a meeting in some Southern city like Norfolk, Va.; Savannah, Ga.; or Charleston, S. C., where the Negroes and white people could discuss each side, for truly the Negro only can answer and explain these questions, for they know best why they are leaving in train and ship load numbers. The problem is not a hard one, as the Negro sees it, it is the first time the Negro has been told by the white man openly he was wanted, and if they are really wanted they are glad to know it. Not by the publishing of articles in daily papers, stating about conditions. Because newspapers will not do any good now, from this point of view, as the Negro sees it. The Negro is oppressed in the South and they know it. They know the better class of white people know it. They know the better class of white people do not want them to leave. They do not want to leave, and they know too that the better class are in the minority when it comes to public or private opinion, but one word from them would mean all. When one would stop and ask a question, "Who is the better class of white people in the South?" the answer would be, "The Christian-hearted whites who respect God, and are willing to do unto others as they would have others do unto them. The white man who respects the laws that they make for themselves, the white man who owns and controls all the wealth in the Southland, the white man who feels that anything concerns any human being within their confines, concerns them. Those who have servants and those who are put at the head of public work, and men who feel, see and know that out of one blood all men were created." The Negro is still asking the white South to give them better living conditions in every respect, and if they are really wanted, they are still asking for an equal opportunity to vote. To share in all the profits recorded a citizen, regardless to color. Blot out peonage, mob violence, Ku Khuz Klah, and humiliations too numerous to mention, in the places where he has lived all the days of his life. Can a man or set of men refuse of accepting a place where he can prove his talent that God has given him, or a chance to get paid for his labor; or showing to display his educational qualities to earn his livelihood, and rear his children according to American standards and ideals unmolested? Why not the white South stop driving Negroes away? Get together and these conditions can be adjusted best for all concerned. Give the Negro a fair play as a man along all lines; open up more work and pay him wages with hours in keeping with the American hour that is stringly American. Wipe out, geonage, lynching, mob violence, and all lawlessness against them and let the Negro see by actions that he is wanted and they will stay, and do more work than any one that can be brought to American shores. The Negro of today can no longer feel that the White South wants their labor when they publish strong articles about them, and not open some way for them to get a living. For they realize, and recognize that the white Americans control all wealth; they can and do make laws, to govern themselves and those who come within their confines. The Negro knows he cannot by force of language, and must not attempt by any other means (other than vage), try to remedy big condition as an American Negro when he is not treated the same as any other citizen, and unprotected by the law. The Negro is not responsible for his leaving the Southland. He is not responsible for the welcome in the North. In the true sense of the word, it is the white man here and there. The South does not give him support equal to the standard of living. The Negro as a whole will not leave the South; for there are millions of them, that will stay. There are thousands that will return, and bring more money to put up for living conditions and other things, to help make them and their children more appreciated on their return. There are foreigners that come to our phones who can not speak or do not know scarcely anything about America, and yet they can enjoy most anything America possesses." All he has to do is say he is not a Negro, and why? There never was a time when the Negro as a whole did not show his loyalty to the South or his country, to the fullest sense of the word. And even now any amount are leaving to better their conditions, with a strong eye and hopes of a better day, to come in the South, where he hopes his services will be needed. If the Negro is needed in the North for a few days months or years, with 'that they will not die as our Southern papers state.' The Southern papers have stated that Negroes die faster in the North than in the South, and that they can not stand the climate. If it is pneumonia 'in the North carrying' of thousands, and malaria, and tuberculosis and torture 'in the South, there can be very little difference in death rates. But that is not the thing, the Negro is 'willing to chance anything now for a few days of his life at lea, to draw a little free atmosphere. The Negro of today is not looking for social standing in the North, or South, as some would stress it. For even among Negroes, when it comes to eating, and sleeping and social entertainments, there one will find himself, with his own out of place, where there is no money and culture. The Negro is looking today for American standard of living, strictly American. Social equality will take care of itself. The Negro does not want to be associated in the South or North with the white man socially, for they too well know that there is no real feeling of welcome and appreciation. The Negro does appreciate doing business in any way accorded any other person regardless of color, socially. good pay, why not encourage him to go? There are far too many destitute Negro men and women living on others that could be working and doing some one somewhere a good day's work to help the whole Americas to be a richer and better place to live in. The Negro would not leave the place where he is supposed to be known best if he was not deprived of all the privileges a human being should be accorded. After taking his place beside his white brother in any conflict, when he is called on by his state or country, and spilled his blood, died in angony and pain, they feel after doing their whole duty willingly, and uninchingly, no right should be deprived to the least of them. If the Negro had a job or position that would pay him for his services in the South, with good and congenial conditions along all lines, instead of going North, East or West in train and steamship loads, they would turn their ideas and ideals Southward. It is true the Negro is not used in the northern climate when the thermometer is registering zero. But when one would stop and think of getting a job or position that will pay him money enough to combat those chilly days with wholesome food and good clothing, steam-heated buildings and congenial working conditions, it is firmly believed It is all in the way care for your skin YOUR complexion can be easily and quick skin lightened, your neck and arms made your hands soft and smooth and your hair luxuriant by simply using Dr. Fred Palmer's parations. These are the most exquisite of parations and are used and preferred by those and women, who owe their charming looks to Dr. Fred Palmer. 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It works by reducing the satisfaction of all skin whitener preparation - it quick skin. Your drugstreet can supply you, or postpaid mail OILY, SKINY, BUMMY COMPLICATIONS: If you have completion, and want a soft, smooth, velvety skin, to Palmer's Skin Whitener Soup, and follow it with Dr. I which you will find delicately perfumed and adds life to a never-failing treatment. Get them from your drug receipt, of price, 25c each. [NEW OF THE HAIR]: Dr. Fred Palmer has developed Makes the hair soft, long and beautiful -removes dandruff -makes the scalp healthy and helps the hair grow. To improve the hair of Dr. Fred Palmer's Hair Dresser, your drugstreet or postpaid upon receipt of price, 25c. show dark your complexion. It is easy to get your Skin Whitener Ointment—pronounced delicately, delicately, delicately, and most important—it quickly bleaches and is perfectly sent postpaid upon receipt of price. So it: If you have a rough, humpy or shiny delicately skin, try the unexcelled Dr. Fred wit with Dr. Fred Palmer's Face Powder, and adds life and lustre to the skin. This from your drugstail, or sent postpaid upon or has developed. TO BEAUTIFY THE SKIN: No matter how dark your complexion, it is easy to get it "just right" by using Dr. Fred Palmer's Skin Whitener Ointment—promoted by thousands of men and women as the most delightful, most remarkable and most satisfactory of all skin whitener preparations—it quickly bleaches and is perfectly safe. Your drugstreet can supply you, or sent postpaid upon receipt of price. 25c OILY, SHINY, BUMPY COMPLEXIONS: If you have a rough, bumpy or shiny completion, and want a soft, smooth, velvety skin, try the unscissel Dr. Fred Palmer's Skin Whitener Soap, and follow it with Dr. Fred Palmer's Face Powder, which you will find delicately perfumed and adds life and beauty to the skin. This is a never-dalling treatment. Get them from your drugstreet, or sent postpaid upon receipt of price. LOSS OF THE HAIR: Dr. Fred Palmer has developed the most wonderful Hair Dressing known to science. Make the hair soft, long and abundant—removes dandruff, the scalp health and balances the hair growth. No hair too stiff or crinkly for it to improve. Get a box of Dr. Fred Palmer's Hair Dressing from your drugstreet, or sent postpaid upon receipt of price. 25c DR. FRED PALMER'S LABORATORIES DEPT. F-2 ATLANTA, GA. Dr. Fred Palmer's SKIN WHITENER PREPARATIONS Agents Wanted For this line of aquaistique beauty ads. These preparations sell rapidly, upon their merit, as everybody knows about them. Write today for our liberal agency proposition. FAIL to Grow Hair Hair Root Hair Grower $500 Reward If I Fail to $500 Reward If I Fail to Grow Hair Hair Root Hair Grower Hair SPECIAL PRICES TO DRUGGISTS AND AGENTS In a scientific vegetable compound of hair root and Aloe Oil, together with aloe vera, there is a force making the most powerful harmless Hair Grower known, actually making hair growers more likely to make cases. Unexcelled for Dandruff, Itching, Sore Scabs and Falling Hair, like magic. It must not be put where hair is not wanted. It must be used every known advertised hair; grower for years with no re-occurrence and continued faithfully for 18 months; now my hair is 23 inches (it was 18 inches when I first bought it); every woman can grow her hair to 2 inches a month by using Hair Root. Soot Grower is 560 a box or bottle. Shampoo 25c. Agents want to ed everywhere. Make big profit, wish to try agency send us $1.00 and receive supply. When sold return us our money. Address all mail and money orders to Royal Chemical Company. JAMAICA, NEW YORK (Memtion this paper) WORLD NOTICE copies of the Negro World, issues ing the case of The United States a demand for these issues, but "too late" when these particular now secure them at the Business 65th Street, New York. desired. received—act quickly. NEGRO WORLD NO. There are a few available copies of the April 26, June 2 and 9, featuring the case of vs. Marcus Garvey et al. Agents who, find an active demand for whose orders were classified as "too late" wi issues were being mailed, may now secure the Office, Negro World, 26 West, 185th Street, State clearly what issues are desired. Remit cash with order. Orders will be filled as received—act q NEGRO WORLD NOTICE There are a few available copies of the Negro World, issues April 26, June 2 and 9, featuring the case of The United States vs. Marcus Garvey et al. Agents who find an active demand for these issues, but whose orders were classified as "too late" when these particular issues were being mailed, may now secure them at the Business Office, Negro World, 30 West 14th Street, New York. Vienna Wine Crate Wine Crate Socially to buy a home where he can "When You Feel the Need" Don't doze yourself with coffee, tea and drugs. When you feel down and out and all your "pep" is gone, try Dr. Slegert's Angostura Blitters Made since 1824 from the same formula. It will pull you together and you get no bad effects. For Sale by all Drug, Delicatessen and Grocery Stores. Send for free sample J. W. WUPPERMANN 12 East 48th St., New York City. ARE CURABLE. If you suffer from Les Sores or Volterine Tlette, I will send you absolutely FREE a copy of my famous book that tells how to be rid of these minutes for all time to using my remarkable painless treatment. It is different from anything you ever heard of, and the result of over 5 years resulting. 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PRESIDENT, NATIONAL NEGRO BOARD OF TRADE AND CHASIBER OF COMMERCE. MAN OF 60 REGAINS VIGOR-HE-HAD AT 35 MAN OF 60 REGAINS VIGOR-HE-HAD AT 35 New Orleans Resident Tella of Wonderful Result Produced by a Recent Scientific Discovery D. W. Wood, 60, of New Orleans, La., declares he has virtually been made young again by the recently discovered superior to "gland treatments" as an invigorator and revitalizer. "It has brought me back to as good, healthy physical condition as I enjoyed at $3. he writes, "I am apparently as apples he has at $3. Wood says he would have $2,000 for what the compound has done for him. The compound is a simple home treatment in tablet form, absolutely harmless, yet the most powerful invigorator known. Acting directly on lower spinal nerve centers and certain spinal nerve endings, it benefits in 24 to 36 hours. In nationwide tests, it has won the praises of thousands who suffered from nerve weakness, premature age and lack of vital force. Physicians say it gives speed and strength to their treatments. Elderly people pronounce it a real "fountain of youth." Knowing that this news may seem "too good to be true," the distributors invite any person needing the compound to take it, because doubling it for primary causes, with the understanding that it costs nothing if it fails. If you wish to try this guaranteed invigorator, write in strict confidence to the Melton Laboratories. 3117 Massachusetts Blidge, Kansas City, Mo. Offer close $2; or simply send your name, without money, and pay the postman $2 and postage on delivery. In either case, if you report after one week that the korex compound has not given you satisfaction, you may immediately. This offer is fully guaranteed, so nobody need hesitate about accepting it. —Ady. The Eyesight Specialist RELIABLE AND REASONABLE EYES EXAMINED FREE 531 LENOX AVENUE NEW YORK Opposite Harlem Hospital KILLS ALL PAINS You who suffer from Rheumatism, who can not sleep, because of pains and aches, send for a bottle of Kilpain. For external use only. One dollar a bottle. Family size, five dollars. KILPAIN CHEMICAL COMPANY Dept. O, 214 West 34th Street, New York City Easy-Introducing New Style Guaranteed Hostery for men, women, children. Most wear or replaced free. You simply show samples furnished—write orders. We deliver and collect and pay all transportation charges. Your pay daily—Monthly bonus provides. Promotions to District Manager made from active workers. Experience unnecessary. No capital required for stock. Spire time satisfactory. Elegant sample output supplied with all colors and grades. M20- LEG SORES How to Make Others Love You Key to Success, Dept. 13 Box 23, Varick Station; New York WANTED AGENTS WANTED Wells asegura que es inutil que Inglaterra intente defenderse de las incursiones aéreas mediante la creación de poderosos fletos, pués ni olla ni ningun país de la tierra está libre de seria amenazada de un ataque dereo, sea cual fuere los medios que adopte. Lucha Por un Puesto Adecuado Para Nuestra Raza en una Mundo de Intrigas Raciales—Enfuertos Para Adquirir Ocupación Digna—Sacrificios de Grandes Hombres de Otras Razas—El Cristo No Fue Humillado Apesar de Que los Judios le Comparaban Con Barrabás—El Alma de los Verdaderos Hombres No Podrá Sér Nunca Humillada No hay mejor manera de defenderse que es atacar, prosiguió diciendo Wells y la lucha futura no se planteará de defensa sino de ataque. En las guerras del porvenir una sola bomba bastará para destruir ciudades enteras y un bombardero aéreo acabaria con todo vestigio de vida y de civilización. Nuestra raza ha pasado y esta pasando aun por el gran período de prueba. Se nos ha aplicado el torno cont toda la fuerza de que se haya podido disponer, para probar la clase de material de que somos hechos. La lucha se ha establecido entre las hordas maliciosas con deseo, de destruir la nueva ambición de la raza y aquellos de nosotros cuya visión es clara en la contienda por un puesto adecuado en el sol económico y político del universo. Cuando la humanidad llegue a ese grado de perfección en el arte de guerrrear, la carrera de las armas será absurda, pues ni los guerreros, ni los ciudadanos pacíficos podrán sobrevivir. Por eso nos atrevemos a afirmar que la próxima conflagración convertirá la civilización actual en polvo. El propósito de la Asociación Universal para el Adelanto de la Raza Negra no ha sido aun claramente interpretado por la multitud y vemos que un gran número de elementos de la raza intenta burlarse de la obra que ésta se esfuerza por realizar, rindiendo servicios de gran transcendencia no solamente a la actual generación sino que también a las generaciones venideras. La estrategia de defensa es perfectamente inutil en la actualidad y el unico procedimiento razonable es la agresion; Inglaterra está realmente en un estado de indefension desde el punto de. vista aéreo y su unico recurso es responder a la agresión con la agresion. Los declarados enemigos de nuestra organización, sin causa que les justifique para ello, una y otra vez han tratado de ridiculizar nuestra obra ante la opinión pública, con el objeto de crear prejuicios entre los elementos de la misma raza, en contra de todo esfuerzo hecho para su propio beneficio. Detrás de estas escenas vemos el interés de los capitalistas y de los explotadores cuyas garras oprimen al Africa y quienes ven por medio de esta organización, la posibilidad de ser dislocados en sus designios de explotar la tierra de nuestros antepasados y de arruinar para siempre las csperanzas de cuatrocientos millones de seres. Existen actualmente en la Gran Bretagna un sinnúmero de estrategas miopes que viven en la creencia de que una podera rosa flota aerea seria suficiente para defender nuestro territorio nacional. Está certidumbre se derumbaria al más leve análisis militar y en la actualidad no existe una nación por podera rosa que sea en el aire, que pueda evitar las incursiones acreas de sus enemigos. Wells reconoce que, la aviación será el medio de locomoción y transporte vulgar en el futuro y en este sentido apoya toda medida de gobieno que tienda a formentar su desarrollo. La prensa opuesta viciosa y maliciosamente ha esparcido la noticia de la tal llamada convicción de nuestro honorable presidente. Tal convicción ha sido simple y exclusivamente el resultado de varios años de conspiración, para destruir nuestra esperanza de restituir a la raza sus antiguos dias de gloria. De dicha conspiración a surgido además la diseminación de centenares de nuestro elemento, quienes en vez de trabajar en común acuerdo por su propia causa, son individualmente las víctimas del prejuicio de los otros pueblos y de las otras razas. Este célebre novelista e historiador inglés escribió hace venticinco años un libro intitulado La guerra de los mundos y en é predijo el uso de gases asfixiantes como medio de combate. La Excepcion de la Regla En la ciudad de Durham, Caroling del Norte, hay cerca de ocho nil personas de la raza que viven en terminos de paz y amistad con sus vecinos blancos. Varias fabricas de tabacos y de calqeteria conceden empleo permanente a grandes contingentes, hombres y mujeres de color, y se tiene cuidado de asegurar satisfactorias condiciones de trabajo y un nivel de vida decente. Mr. C. C. Spaulding, presidente de la Mutual Life Insurance Company, declara que el pueblo de Durham demuestra el deseo de hacer de la población negra una parte permanente y valiosa de su ciudadanía. No se les niega el voto por su color, y se han establecido oportunidades adecuadas para su educación. Nunca ha habido un linchamiento en Durham, dice Mr. Spaulding, y se concede a los hombres de color una atención honrada en los tribuales. Dúrante el proceso del caso de este gobierno en contra del honorable Marcus Garvey, el Fiscal, judío por descendencia, se expresó en los términos siguientes: "Señores del jurado debemos permitir que este hombre vuelva al seno de la sociedad? Abriremos la puerta de la jaula para libertar al rigre?" Este Iscariote, en sus cargos, muy lejos de representar, el espíritu del gran gobierno americano, representó el espíritu de la violencia, el espíritu del capital, el espíritu de la malicia. El gobierno americano no califica a ningun individuo como un tigre; el gobierno americano no teme a ninguna organización constituida. Vemos por consiguiente que dicho Fiscal no apelaba en nombre de este gran gobierno, sino que sus manifestaciones fueron influenciadas de antemano por aquellos que realmente temen al gran poder que el honorable Marcus Garvey y La Asociación Universal para el Adelanto de, la Raza Negra puedan adquirir en el futuro. Tal relación no cubre, por de contado, todos los hechos existentes-en otras partes del sur, pero se seguramente, que el ejemplo de Durhami debería ser seguido cuidadosamente por otras ciudades y regiones que se hallan ahora tan preocupadas por la emigración con dirección al norte. El problema es reconocidamente complicado. Tiene sus aspectos políticos y sus aspectos raciales. Pero, después de todo, es un problema humano, y la experiencia de Durhami indica el camino para resolverlo por procedimientos humanos. El Durham Morning Herald ha hecho una cosa utiliza publicando un comentario tan llamativo sobre el movimiento emigratorio que esta verificandose en toda la región del sur. Suframos con resignación la humillación y los sacrificios de nuestro honorable presidente. Toda causa grande, toda causa noble ha tenido sus mártires y sus martirizadores. Dirección significa privación, sufrimientos y sacrificios. El grupo servil de los tal llamados directores de los-interces de la raza, quienes prestan mayoc atención a sus conveniencias y comodidades que a los servicios que ellos claman prestar a la raza, se sienten vanagloriados con la decisión del jurado, sin darse cuenta de que nuestra dirección continua su curso sin interrupción. El resultado de tanta oposición en contra de la Asociación Universal para el Adelanto de la Raza Negra y de su honorable presidente en particular, ha sido una lección práctica para los quince millones de elementos de la raza en este país. Estos han podido ver claramente quienes son los verdaderos directores de nuestros destinos. El alma de todo ser conciente no pueder ser humillada. Cuando los judios crucificaron a Cristo, conceptuándole como la peor de las amenazas sociales, no consiguieron humillarle como fue su deseo; y como el Cristo todos los demas reformistas de todas las edades. Sus enemigos, inconcientemente, demostraron al mundo la nobleza de alma y de carácter de aquellos individuos. Probable Presidente de Africa Se Sincera Ante los Jueces El presidente provisional de la república africana. Marcus Garvey, comparecido ante los tribunales de justicia para responder de los carrgos que se le hacían de haber usado la correspondencia con fines fraudulentos. El popular caudillo de color aseguró que era inocente del delito que se imputaba, y que todo obedecía a una trama de sus enemigos, que están envidiosos de sus exitos, pues ha llegado a reunir en una sola asociación millares de personas de abolengo africano—La Prensa, N. Y. Esta organización se conceptua capaz de ejecutar y adquirir todo cuanto redunde beneficio para la raza en general y por medio del soporte de los cuatrocientos millones de seres que la constiyen, ella les elevara a un grado mas alto de adelanto. Vivimos aun en la época cuando los hijos a hijas de Etiopia se ven maltratados, pero ellos por medio de las evoluciones de la vida, no han de verte para siempre en tal estado 6 condición. De los cambios que entre las razas y las naciones se desarrollen, ha de surgir el reconocimiento de nuestra derecho; nuestra estrella ha de surgir del caos del pasado hacia el cielo de la verdad iluminando na nuevo imperio. Aun para el hombre más desgraciado, para el que ha perdido el amor y la fe, hay siempre una relación indestructible: la de la tierra. Y, quién sabe si esea felicidad que le espera y que va de los cielos a la tierra, no ira más seguridad de la siesta de la casa. De lo mismo se necesita un ambiente y de provision de plena, bien cuidado; y también y también se necesita un ambiente que respete la comida, que esté con los huesos de los hombros. Ojala que esta siesta, que, girando sin cesar, nos va descarrindendo las estrellas innumerables del firmamento, nos llevé algn día a otro punto del espacio donde brillen estrellas nuevas y nos illumina ideas más humanas; pero; mientras tanto, así como resisit el Padre Nuestro pasado pedir el de cada día, debía rezar también una nueva oración, la Madre Nuestra, para rogar a la tierra que nos recompense con los frutos de su seno inagable el esfuerzo de los que en ella trajan. CORRESPONDENCIA SANTIAGO DE CUBA, Junio 12, 1923. Despues de saludarle respetuosamente, me dirijo a Ud. para pedir se sirva dar publicidad al movimiento del Capitulo Cubano No. 71 de la U. N. I. A., por medio del balance segun se ha entregado a los miembros después de la toma de posesión de la nueva directiva. Usted estará enterado de que se habia empezado a hacer propaganda por medio de conferencias para la formación de este Capitulo desde el mes de octubre del año pasado, pero aunque hemos tenido buen exito, el no haber tenido el reglamento en castellano-nos impedia mayor progreso y suspendimos nuestras conferencias para hacer la traducción. Nos place comunicarle que se ha hecho esta e impreso mil ejemplares, empezando de nuevo nuestra seric de conferencias, las cuales despiertan gran entusiasmo en el animo de nuestro pueblo en Cuba. Le hemos enviado un ejemplar del reglamento traducido al Secretario General para su revisión. Anticipandole las gracias, queda de Ud. fraternalmente. Reporte del Movimiento del Capitulo Durante Su Organizacion (24 de Sept. de 1922 a 11 de Abril de 1923). RECIBOS Quotas de entradas (145 socios a 500) $36.25 Quotas arruales (12 socios a $1) 12.00 Quotas menusales o impuesto de muerto 10.50 Derrero para adquisición edificio 13.00 Bolso de Libería (derrame no buntario) 23.55 Prestamo si Fondo de Liberia (por Walters) 14.00 Traducción reclamato (derrame a 350.) 13.65 Prestamo para cubrir pago de comando de desgagnes 15.00 Comandante desgagnes 5.00 Pedro Muskell 5.00 Gregorio Galan 5.00 Antonio Stilbe 5.00 Benito Crea 5.00 25.00 Por concepto de venta de botones 3.40 Colectas para gastos de propi- ganda— Sept. 24, 1 Oct. 3, 1 Oct. 13, 2 Oct. 23, 1 Nov. 5, 1 Nov. 12, 1 Nov. 22, 1 Dec. 5, Colectos en la Unión de Tecnopeca la Unión de Dec. 10, Colectas en el Circulo Obrero 2.25 Enero 4, Colectas para gastos de propioganda 1.25 Colectas por 1ª Comisión para materia— Cespedo Monier 11.70 Edwardo Ninola 2.60 Liduvino Tennutor 7.30 Manuel Arce 1.50 Clarlaa Walters 2.00 Martina de la Caridad Pinto 4.0 Para implementar la recolecta para materia— Gregorio Galanz 1.00 Francisco Justiz 1.00 Evaristo Brooks 1.00 Marlana Brooks 1.00 Fernando Hernandez 1.00 Commandante Despalté 1.00 Oscar Dudafex 1.00 Por Antonio Iable 2.75 A cuenta del Prestamo para las carcas clíquares 5.00 A cuenta del chirrer 10.00 Para materiaes 2.00 Recolecta para cable para pedir charter 2.25 $239.15 GASTOS Dinero envio al Cuartel General- 20% cuotaging de asunto $7.30 20% mensualidades $1.55 Impuesto de Muerte $3.10 20% de collectos $2.05 Impuestos de empleos $17.00 A cuento del Fondo de Liberia $20.00 Materiales comprado al cuartel General según cuenta $20.61 Sello $6.50 Remilitado para Charter $25.00 Libertad en la localidad $9.15 Traducción Reglamento $40.00 Prestamo sacado de los fondos para el Ser. pago de Impression Reglamento $21.50 Gastos miscelanea— Sex. 24. $4.20 Oct. 4. $1.40 Oct. 14. $2.40 Oct. 22. $1.40 Oct. 28. $1.05 Nov. 4. $1.50 Nov. 11. $1.01 Nov. 23. $1.60 Dec. 1. $50 Dec. 30. $50 Enero a Abril— Miscelanea $3.88 Miscelanea $5.28 Miscelanea $6.44 Circulares $7.00 Alquiler de maquinilla $12.00 Cabes a los E. U. $6.33 Bellos de Correo $2.18 $88.65 Total $237.80 SUMARIO Recibos, total $259.15 Gastos, total $237.65 Diosos en cálc --- Con la cantidad de asuntos centavos ($0.60) todo elemento de muestra. rasa puede ser miembro de la "Asociación Universal para el Adánto de la Raza Negra". Entra suma incluye cuota de entrada, veinte y cinco centavos ($0.25) y pago del primer mes, treinta y cinco centavos ($0.35) como miembro. Todo miembro debe ser provisto de una Constitución, o Libro de Leyes de la Organización (valor 25 centavos) y una insignia (valor 15 centavos). Si hubiera en la villa, pueblo o ciudad donde Ud. viva una División Autorizada de esta Asociación, haga su aplicación en ella; en caso contrario, mande su aplicación al Cuerpo Directivo de la Asociación remitiendo la cantidad de un dollar ($1.00). Al recibo de esta cantidad le será enviado por correo las artículos antes mencionados, con un Certificado como miembro de la Asociación. La aplicación debe ser dirigida a: Sr. Secretario, Oficina General del Cuerpo Directivo. Universal Negro Improvement Association. 56 West 135th Street, New York City, N. Y. AconseJamos a aquellos que envien sus cuotas al Cuerpo Directivo lo hagan anual, semi-annual o cada tres meses, para evitar la constante trasmisión de la Tarjeta a esta oficina todos los meses. APORTE SU OBOLO PARA EL GRAN MOVIMIENTO DE TODAS LAS ÉPOCAS POR LA REDENCION DE AFRICA V EL ADELANTO DEL NEGRO EN TODAS PARTES. ANUNCIOS EMBLEMAS DE LA U. N. I. A. Banderas, tela de alpEDEN, 8 por 12... 50.25 cada una Banderas, tela de alpEDEN, 12 por 18... 50.25 cada una Resolves, vela, blanco y verde... 50.20 cada una Resolves, Cruz Negra... 50.20 cada una Resolves, Tela de alpEDEN... 50.25 cada una Bateles, Cruz Negra... 50.20 cada una Fotografas, perada de la Concepción... 50.18 cada una Fotografas, Exhibición IndustriAL... 50.50 cada una Fotografas especiales para Diversiones y tela por mar Compre los discos para fonográfos de la U. N. L. A. por artistas de la raza, a precios reducidos. Enviamos ordenes a todas partes medi diante pago por adelantado. Agentes en los Estados Unidos. $9.00 por docena, mas gastos de flete. Agentes en el extranjero, $10.00 por docena, mas gastos de sellos. Discos por gorreco, $1.00 cada uno mas gastos de sellos. Precio en nuestra oficina, $0.90 cada uno. U. N. I. A. REPOSITORY 56 West 135th Street New York City, N. Y. VIGOR, Y FUERZA "THE CAUSE FOR WORLD'S UNREST" BY HON. RUDOLPH SMITH Third Assistant President General Man in his physical makeup is a wonderful creation by God, and must be wonderfully well realized, by conscientious minds regarding his movement through life from the beginning to the present age. Just to imagine how they moved along according to their intuition and vocation from early life with the belief that they can accomplish great things, pushing forward despite obstacles, permeated through great supernatural forces, fighting to retain their highest ideals, while others fall by as weaklings and to imagine that they could ascend from the most crudest plans to the present inventive age, where the voices of people could be heard distract, though the thousands of miles apart, with the ocean just almost a pond; while our brothers fly between the elements like birds of the air, and But God disliked the inhuman actions of His creation who is attempting to travel through space and interfere with something that mankind will never be able to fathom, even though the most improved machinaries may be brought into existence. Such powers men will never secure, even though they live the most upright lives. The existence of the celestial bodies is God's masterpiece of His creation over which He will not tolerate any interference. God knows that the wiser men become the more they vary from His laws—the Ten Commandments—which is a recognized fact of the present age. "Higher Developed Minds Less Humans." the existence of the celestial bodies is God's masterpiece of His creation over which He will not tolerate any interference. God knows that the wiser men become the more they vary from His laws—the Ten Commandments—which is a recognized fact of the present age. "Higher Developed Minds Less Humans." Such a thing as love is seemingly sinking into decadence, while man forever ascends the once-considered unattainable heights in seeking to gain continuous knowledge of the world and all that dwell within and without. Because these dappled machinery white race should do are uncivilized. Through manual strength of the worthy of attention mites and wonders. It is wonderful to reuse made by the machineries, which but the methods of other races of their civil be condemned. If these people carve their civilization they would certain systems to the white world. Their land—hay and exhibited with As man ellimb the heights, for knowledge his love for his brother declines, while certain strong desires prevail for knowledge that seemingly consume all his time; and while this knowledge sought create many imaginary beliefs, the most peculiar propaganda is applied with many false systems of education which produce hate, jealousy, lies and many other obnoxious evils that divide the human family into many groups according to each race group developed stage. The more advanced men become in materialistic principles the less care and attention prevail for their weaker brothers' need, and, though the greater majority of suffering, humanity appeals for assistance from their progressive brothers who dwell in luxurious homes and enjoy every luxury that life affords, yet still the old world inhabitants keep moving along, each caring little or nothing about their brothers' needs. Races' Methods of Civilization Differ The human family being divided into many race groups produced varied habits and customs with each method of procedure in civilization For the Benefit of A Universal Negro Association and President A LARGE SIZE MAR GAR For Framing and Home, With His Atture, the Only O Circulation W You Can Secure One Postpaid to Any H Address MRS. MA 133 W. 129th Street Agents Who Desire to H Also Communicate W Benefit of All Members Universal Negro Improved Association and Friends of President-General LARGE SIZE PICTURE MARCUS HARVE Framing and Hanging With His Autograph the Only Official Picture Circulation With Copyright In Secure One Now for $5 paid to Any Part of the W ess MRS. MARCUS GALE 129th Street, New York Who Desire to. Handle These Pie Communicate With Above Ad MARCUS GARVEY For Framing and Hanging in the Home, With His Autograph Signature, the Only Official Picture in Circulation With Copyright You Can Secure One Now for 50 Cents Postpaid to Any Part of the World Address MRS. MARCUS GARVEY 133 W. 129th Street, New York City Agents Who Desire to. Handle These Pictures Can Also Communicate With Above Address TOLET SPACIOUS DINING ROOM WITH ENTERTAINMENT PHYLLIS WHEAT PRICES REAL ALSO NEATLY FURNISHED ALL PRIVATE, WITH BATHS. 9 West 130 CALL AT HOTEL OFFICE MINING ROOM WITH KITCHEN FOR ENTERTAINMENTS and PARTIES. ILLIS WHEATLEY HOT PRICES REASONABLE WHEATLEY FURNISHED ROOMS BY DAY OR L. WITH DATE. TELEPHONE 9 West 136th Street T HOTEL OFFICE Phone Hard all of these conditions having attired the oppressed members of the human family in seeking justice and the right to assert themselves in the spirit of self-determination, produced the non-co-operationist movement with Mahatma Gandhi as the Indian leader; Kemal Pausha for Turkey; Eamon De Valera for the Irish; Lenine and Trotsky for Russia; King Faud for Egypt; the Himalit movement for Palestine and the Jews; and Marcus Garvey of the Universal Negro Improvement Association for the Negroes of the world with the idea of redeeming Africa. Should the nation get down to business and call these leaders in a world tribunal and get more acquainted with the sufferers of the human family, allowing these people to carve their own destiny. Not until then can we expect that long-destined peace, with a multitude of homes with every race in its own homeland, under its own vine and fig tree. All Members of the Improvement Friends of Its-General! THE PICTURE OF CUS VEY Hanging in the Autograph Signa- official Picture in with Copyright Now for 50 Cents, Part of the World CUS GARVEY t, New York City Handle These Pictures Can With Above Address H. KITCHEN FOR BANQUETS, BARS and PARTIES. ATLEY HOTEL REASONABLE ROOMS BY DAY OR WEEK TELEPHONE 527-756 5th Street Phone Harlem 0628 NAME OF MARCUS GARVEY IS BEING HONORED— THE WORK IS BEING CARRIED ON WITH GREATER REAL—CROWDS INCREASE IN LIBERTY HALL NIGHT AFTER NIGHT—GARVEY IS CHEERFUL BRISTE THE SITUATION—SENDS WEEKLY MESS AGE OF CHEER TO, LIBERTY HALL AND TO NEIGHBORS OF THE WORLD Nothing Will Be Left Undone to Bring About His Deliverance —The Principles of the U. N. I. A. Are Dominating the World of Negroes—The Movement Has Become Part of the Negro's Soul and Cannot Die—In Spite of Imprisonment of Its Leader—Garvey Urges Members to Spend Their Time Working for the Program of an Emancipated Race HIS TIME IS SPENT IN WORKING AND THINKING FOR THE MOVEMENT—BRILLIANT SPEECHES DELIVERED BY LADY DAVIS, HON. RUDOLPH SMITH AND HON. A. D. PETTIFORD—DETROIT DIVISION SENDS GREETINGS TO LIBERTY HALL—BIDS GOD-SPEED IN THE GREAT WORK AND IN DEFENCE BEING MADE FOR MARCUS GARVEY LIBERTY HALL, NEW YORK, Sunday Night, July 1.—More and more are interest and enthusiasm being manifested in the Universal Negro Improvement Association, and more and more is the name of the Hon. Marcus Garvey being honored, because of the fact that he has given to the Negroes of the world an organization which, because of the noble and lofty principles it advocates, has stimulated the hopes of a forlorn race and linked up together with a common purpose the millions of Negroes in the nethermost parts of the world. It is idle, therefore, to think that the removal of a leader, from the ranks of this organization will effect its destruction, because it has become part and parcel of the Negro's soul and will live on as long as the race itself exists. The imprisonment of the Hon. Marcus Garvey has served to swell the ranks of the Universal Negro Improvement Association and night after night increasing crowds through Liberty Hall and demonstrate, both by their presence and their support, a determination to carry on the work and prove to the world that Negroes, like other people, are in the field for freedom and independence—a fight which will not be relinquished until the goal of a redeemed Africa has been reached. Though obliterated from taking an active part in the work which he has fostered, Mr. Garvey's interest has not abated and his weekly message to the membership in Liberty Hall and through them to the world at large, imparts an inspiration which evidences itself in the plaudits which greet his message when read from the platform in Liberty Hall. His message tonight reads as follows: "The Tombs Prison, Center Street. "July 1, 1823. "To the Members and Friends of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. "Ladies and Gentlemen: "It affords me more than ordinary pleasure to send you a message of cheer at this time, when I am removed from your milat. I spend my time thinking about and working for you, and I do hope that you will spend yours working for the great program of an emancipated race and a redeemed Africa. "You must not become discouraged or disappointed over what the enemies of our cause have done. What I am suffering is but part of the program before us. We are bound to win, because God is on our side. Our cause is just and righteous, and therefore we need not be afraid. "You can help me best by supporting the work of the association, for I feel happy when I know that all is well. I must again warn you about accepting noise and lip service for gallantry, loyalty and devotion to our cause. It is not the noise one makes or the boast of the individual that proves service to a cause. It is honesty, sacrifice, devotion and loyalty that prove the mettle of which real leaders are made. You must look for and accept this, otherwise you will indeed be disappointed. "I say, to you, cheer up! We have much work to do, and it must be done. "With very best wishes. "I have the honor to be "Universal Negro Improvement Association." The meeting was presided over by Hon. William L. Sherrilli, second assistant president general and leader of American Negroes. The speakers were Lady Henrietta Vinton Davis, fourth assistant president general; Hon. Rudolph Smith, third assistant president general; Capt. C. E. Gaines, minister of legions, and the Hon. A. D. Pettiford, president of the Detroit division. Following is the text of the speeches: LADY DAVIS SPEAKS Lady Henrietta Vinton Davis was the first speaker, and said: I am very pleased to have the privilege of speaking to you this evening, to register along with you my protest against the great injustice that has been done our leader. They have inorganized him, but they cannot imitate that grand soul; they may try to humiliate the body, but the soul must be in the other. And so it is with our warrior spirit. The length and depth of the world. They are protecting us we are protecting against the immigration of our great leader; but though he is not here in body he is here in spirit; his thought shall ever guide' the Universal Negro Improvement Association. We are glad to welcome you: thrice welcome you to the Liberty Hall dedicated to the liberties of all the people, and particularly to the liberties of the Negroes of the world. We appreciate the' privilege in this all-encompassing to hold these meetings; we appreciate having the privilege of free speech, although we have to pay for that speech sometimes with our lives; but we are going to continue to speak freely; we shall not, we will not, be intimidated. They are not only seeking to destroy the leader of this great organization, but they are seeking to destroy the organization itself; but it can never be destroyed while the love of liberty remains in the Negro's heart (Applause). Our great leader is showing us an example of endurance; he is showing us how sublime a thing it is to suffer and be strong. He is just as strong today as he was a year ago, as he was five, years ago, when he declared unto the world that he had come to plant the Universal Negro Improvement Association, whose principles are transcendental; whose principles shall never die; whose principles are leading not only the Negroes of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, but Negroes everywhere—Negroes 400,000,000 strong; Negroes in the United States of America; Negroes in the West Indies, Central and South America; Negroes in our fatherland of Africa are lifting in their voices tonight in union with ours in protest against the unjust incarceration of Marcus Garvey. (Applause.) So, my friends, I am asking you to be of good courage and fear not. They want to strike fear into the heart; of the Negro; they want to make him a coward; but, thank God, the seed implanted by the Universal Negro Improvement Association as reported by its leaders has found good soul, and the Negro is no longer the crippling, syphantic coward, but we are rising in the full stature of manhood and womanhood and be refocused to have fear. When they broke the snuckles of slavery from our limbs we cast aside with our chains all fear and we are determined as free open and free women to step forth in our new liberty and say we shall forever be free. (Ap- clause.) HON. RUDOLPH SMITH SPEAK8 HON. RUDOLPH SMITH SPEAKS Hon. Rudolph Smith in a brief speech spoke of the universal right for freedom and self-determination which was prevailing at the present time in all parts of the world by the weaker peoples and nations who have formerly been dominated by others. Instances of this, he pointed out, could be found in Russia under the auspices of the Soviet government, in Ireland under the leadership of Eleanor De Valera in India by the non-cooperation movement initiated by Mahatma Gandhi, in the redemption of Palestine by the Jews, in Egypt by the Egyptians setting themselves up as an independent government. All these, he said, indicated the trepid of the times—the idea of freedom and self-determination that was permeating the world, and, he added, God Almighty in the fulfillment of the prophecy that "Princes shall come out of Egypt and Ethiopia shall stretch out her hands unto God" decreed that the Negro also shall join in the wake of freedom, and scouring the ocean and the land. He laid His hand upon and called a man—not a yellow man, not a white man, not a brown man—but He called a black man whom the world could not mistake for anything but a black man, because he wanted to let the world know there was something good in the color of black. That man He called in the person of Hon. Marcus Garvey. People said, Garvey is a dreamer, but it is a dream worth while which could bring together Negroes in all parts of the world; and to Garvey he would say, "Dream on until Africa is redeemed." He prayed that God in His infinite majesty would cause the race to realize the greatness of Marcus Garvey, and the nations of the world to respect the color of black. CAPT. GAINES SPEAKS Capt. C. E. Galen said he did not have much to say except to ignore the members to keep up the fight. "We have only reached the first line tracheon," he said, "and we are going up against the second line tracheon." and then we must prepare ourselves to go against the third line trenches, because we do not know how to retreat. There is no retreating in the members of the Universal Negro Improvement Association scattered the world over. Any man who thinks we are going to retreat has another thought coming. We do not mean to leave our position; we are going to stay with the ship. There are lots of things that are seemingly in our way at the present-time to keep the old ship from sailing smoothly, on, but we are prepared to sail in storm as well as in calm: Marcus Garvey may pass away, but the Universal Negro Improvement Association will go on and on until Africa is redeemed and the Negro peoples of the world have once again come into their own. (Applause.) Hon. A. D. Pettibone Speaks Hon. A. D. Pettibone said: I bring you greetings from Detroit, Michigan — from the organization that bids you go speed in the great work that you are doing here and in the defense that you are putting up for His Excellency Hon. Marcus Garvey. The time has come for each of us to search ourselves and find out what we can do at this time. 'Whoever among you that has said that the time is up and is backing away from the program of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, is but demonstrating that you are not a real member of this organization, and is demonstrating that you have not caught the vision of Hon. Marcus Garvey. The time has come when each individual should examine himself to find where he stands in the program of the Universal Negro Improvement Association. The program is still with us and the program is still to be worked out, and the program must be worked out by the members of this great organization. Tonight it is a question of the program still; it is a question that there must be no faltering; it is a question that you must accept your responsibility in the working out of this program. Ever and anon I speak of the power of each individual person. Man is a giant within himself and that is the reason why the Negro is forging forward so fast at this time. When the Universal Negro Improvement Association came on the scene Negroes everywhere were asleep; they had just commenced to wake up; they were a sleeping giant with immense opportunities thrown away. We must understand ourselves; we must understand that at this very moment we are throwing away golden opportunities that are thrusting themselves upon us, and that this great Universal Negro Improvement Association herded by the giant of this great race, the Hon. Marcus Garvey, commenced to show Negroes their rightful position in the world; that where once they thought they had no history they have learnt that they had an ill-tempered past; that the glorious history that they had was worthy of communication—was worthy of the history of any race, that trod the Soil that the glories of their history in the centuries past were so great that black men could look forward into the early down of history and be proud of the achievements of men of that time. And you tonight in Liberty Hall, if you only knew the power which is within, you would know that you are negligible your duty; you are not taking the responsibilities that you have unless you use that power to rise up in the majesty of your manhood and show that the Negro can achieve as well as other men can achieve. You must have confidence in the persons that are serving you; you can get nowhere unless you have confidence in the persons that are serving you. I admire the Legions because they are typical and symbolic of the high type of manhood which we wish to build up; they are typical of protection; they are symbolic of the protection of home of wife and of family. I speak of the Black Cross Nurses because of the service they can render to the race. The death rate of Negroes is increasing by leaps and bounds and it is time that we have Black Cross Nurses to sound the warning and give information how Negroes can preserve their lives and preserve the babyhood of our race. I speak of the motor corps because of the service they can render to humanity. I speak of the members of the choir and of the band because of the service they are rendering humanity. We will, get nowhere unless we give service. So, my friends, keep on marching; learn a lesson from the band. Notice how they work in harmony with their leader. If we are to achieve we must work in harmony with the leaders who are leading us and work so harmoniously that none will be out of tune. (Applause.) AMERICAN NEGROES HAVE MESSAGE FOR SOUTH AFRICA James Henderson, of Lovedale, Speaks on "African Problems"—Natives Solid for Prohibition HAMPTON, Va., June 21.—The Rev. Dr. James Henderson, principal of the Lovedale Institution, which is the largest and best known school for native youth in South Africa, who for nearly thirty years has been engaged in missionary education, and who is visiting important American schools and colleges for colored youth, recently at Hampton Institution on "Modern Problems of South Africa." Dr. Henderson described the southward movement of the Bantu people from the extremely fertile region of the equator near the Gulf of Guinea. The Bantu people, in this migration, pushed before them the "Bushman," who probably had traveled through Asia and Europe, across Gibraltar, and through Africa. "The Bushman today," said Dr. Henderson, "are a dwindling people, destined to disappear. They never learned to cultivate the ground. They were purely a hunting people, but they had a wonderful gift of art. They left paintings in the caves of Spain, in the Pyrenees. Their paintings are in the caves of South Africa—wonderful paintings in wonderfully enduring colors." Finally the Bantu people came into collision with the Dutch people in South Africa. Dr. Henderson also described the conditions which led to the formation of the Union of South Africa. "The native people," he said, "were unwilling to come under this union. They preferred to be under the British government. They complain to day, and I think they have justice in complaining, that they were not consulted when the union was entered into. To-day the Union of South Africa is as independent of England as Canada is independent of England. The native people have felt that, they have lost by this union. They have sent deputations to England, even as late as last year, to spread matters before the king, but because the government has been handed over to the Union—our Union is ruled by a parliament of its own—the king of England cannot interfere. It is the government of the country that must rule there. "We, who were in the country at the time, endeavored to secure the rights of the native people in the situation. The constitution conserved the rights already held and made provision for further rights, but these rights have been very slow in being realized." The South African natives, according to Dr. Henderson, are solid for prohibition. In a recent parliamentary vote in the Union, local option was lost by only four votes. The people of South Africa, have this big problem to solve: "How are people going to build up a Christian civilization on insufficient, economic means?" He referred to the excellent work which is being done in South Africa by American Negroes, who are opening for natives many new doors of opportunity. Message of American Negroes "I have come here," said Dr. Henderson, "and lived among your people and talked with them. What do I find? A great people on the upward road of progress. One of our difficulties is to learn the English language. It is your language; you can use it with the utmost facility. The Christian religion is nothing outside. The spiritual songs you were singing so delightfully were the songs of your own people. In God's providence you have been brought from our land and placed here alongside of the most progressive people in the world. "I come to your place and find equipment such as no other nation in the world possesses. I have talked with your men and women. I have tested their education. I have seen their capacities. I have been through their dwelling houses. I have seen their pictures. I have looked through their libraries. I have seen the equipment of their houses and school rooms, and my heart is filled to overflowing with thankfulness to God. God did not bring me across the ocean for nothing. God did not bring this people here for naught. Here you are, twelve million people, half the population of the country of Spain. Spain has filled page after page of the history of the Old World. God has brought you here and the doors of opportunity are waiting for you to fill the pages with glorious service." THE WORTH AND POS SIBILITIES OF TRAINING THE WORTH AND POS SIBILITIES OF TRAINING By JAMES N. NESBITT Fifth Series Before the World War I, I was always wondering why the Negroes were all ways ready to join the army to fight and die for some one else, either the British, French, American or any other, I really could not see; we did not get anything out of it, neither recognition nor promotion when we really deserved Health, Strength, Energy For MEN and WOMEN More Valuable Than Gold The richest man in poor health would gladly sacrifice any of his treasures to regain his health. Health is restored by my method of Physical Treatment and Direct Blood Infections. Strength follows, health once obtained. Energy must be the final outcome. When you have attained these you will thank and happy as many others who are willing to personally benefit to the greatest extent possible. You must be contracted or long standing complicated alliment and need the service of an Experienced Physician, you can make no mistake by calling on me. One Week's Treatment After my careful examination and one week's treatment you will be con- firmed that your condition and lasting results even in cases where many other treatments have been failed. My methods of injecting Vaccines and Serums directly into the Blood, combined with the aid of Medicine and Electricity, have restored Health and Happiness to scores of patients. That which I have done for others, I can do for you. If You Suffer it, or fought for it in the battle field, in some other form of service; we never got the full recognition, no matter how simple the deed, nor how great. But after the war came it changed my mind. I observed it was good for one thing, and that was the Negroes would get a chance to get good training; that is some of them, for we really need it. You know as well as I do that that was the reason why so many of our people were killed in the war—the lack of training. It is aid, and by one of our officers from the South, that some of the men from the Southern States were in the colton fields in April and lying dead in the field of Flanders in June. So you see what very little training they got. And as it was here in the United States, so I understand it was in the West Indies and other places. Even those who got the good training were put to the front as cover, so I understand, and those who hadn't any were treated worse. A friend of mine who came back from "over there" told me that if it were not for the armletice he would have been sent to the front that day, and he hardly knew how to turn to right or left, for he had been in camp only two weeks. If he had been sent to the front I am sure he would not be here today. Although the armistice had been signed, sell they kept sending for me. They sent for me about three times and I suppose they saw I did not want to go, so they were determined to get me any way, so they sent me another card and when I went I said, to the lady: "Madame, isn't the way over? Why do $ you keep sending for me?" She said: "Boy, go on home." I was trying to be one of the last just for the reason that I did not have any training and I knew that if I had gone I would be numbered among the dead today. You might think I was not patriotic, but you know how much we got for our patriotism. Little or much it all amounted to the same thing. But what I am trying to say is to train now as we never did before, for now is the time and now is the chance. Hence, I am calling on all of you who have had training to come out from under cover; come out in the light and train and teach each other, especially those who haven't had any and are clamoring for training and teaching. Men and women of our race, remember it is our duty to join the L. N. L. A. and train and teach the others who are anxious to learn—whether in militarism, science or any other thing. It is your duty to do this, regardless, of cost or time. You are doing this for the good of humanity and the race who needs your service. Also, remember what Scripture says of those who hide their talent under a bushel. When Christ went out to preach and teach, He did not give His disciples any special document or script; He said, go out and teach and teach what you know is right, hide it your talent. If you men with military training and military ideas would only watch the sign of the times, just try to interpret the handwriting on the wall, surely you won't want any invitation to come out and serve. For, indeed, it does not need to be a great violinist or prophet or psychologist to see and I understand. We may as well face the facts as they are. In conclusion I am again appealing to the military departments of all the divisions of the U. N. L. A. and to those divisions and chapters which haven't a military department, organize, get together and have one. Try to secure and have the best military officer possible as instructor, thus giving our people the best possible training, telling them for the defensive, which we may need at any time now or in the future. You will remember when the world war first broke out, they said they did not want black men as fighters. Then Germany started making it so hot for them that England and France sent out a call for them throughout the eastern world, echoing through to the western world. Uncle Sam taking up the cry, like the cry from Macedonia, saying, "Black men, black men, come and help us!" The black men went, and we all know what happened. But I knew that would have been. If you study history, you will find that in every war fought the black man had a hand in it. And most of the wars were fought over the riches in Africa—oh, man, just think of it!—and we, the rightful possessors of it, do not get any. So wake up! Colored people, this will go in history. Respectfully, JAMES N. NESBITT. 218 West Sixth-third street. Consultation Absolutely FREE Come Today We hereby bag to acquaint you with the fact that several of the men who, during the periods of 1919 to 1922, were elected to serve the association under oath an executive officer for the good of the race, and who were roted certain salaries believing that their services to the association and to the race would merit it, but who are no longer with us in spirit nor in service, have on the basis of the large salaries voted them by the Convention, cured us for balances they have alleged due them. We are now, therefore, appealing to the loyal membership and friends of the association to help the parent body pay off these men who have resorted to the courts to force the association to pay them on the basis of the high salaries voted them for cause at the Convention. Please subscribe to this tund to pay off these persons who are suing the association that they' sware to help and protect and of which they were executive officers. The persons suing are:— G. E. Stewart, who was elected as Chancellor at $5,000 per annum. He is suing for $2,883.28 (two actions contested by U. N. I. A.). Sydney De Bourg, who was elected as leader of the Salam province of the West Indies, at a salary of $6,000, which was reduced to $3,000. Elle Garcia, elected as Auditor General at $5,000 per annum, who has been dismissed for cause, suing for $3,718 (three actions, contested by U. N. L. A.). All members and patriots will subscribe to this fund that in case of judgment against the association these Negroes will be paid their "bits of silver" collected through judgment from the cause which they swore to defend and help by their "lives, their fortunes and their sacred honor." Let us unitedly pray that the "bits of silver" we subscribe may serve THE BOOK THAT EVER Now Off ORDER NOW TO SEE "PHILOSOPHY OF MARCUS C EDITED AMY JACQUEL First Published by THE UNIVERSITY TABLE OF CHAPTER Epigrams CHAPTER Radicalism Government Evolution and Poverty Power Universal Scope Present-Day Civilization Divine Appointment of Earth Universal Unrest in 1822 World Disarmament Cause of War World Readjustment The Fall of Governments CHAPTER The History of the Nine Trade Negro Status of the Allied Governments The Negro as an Industrial Makershift Lack of Co-operation in the Negro Race White Man's Solution for the Negro Problem in America The True Solution for the Negro Problem White Prisonania About Africa Booker T. Washington's Program CHAPTER Emancipation Speech Convention Speech Price: Paper-Cover, $1.25; C Send in Your Orders Now W Postal Money Order or BOOK DEPART UNIVERSAL NEGRO. IMPRINT 56 WEST 138 NEW YORK THE BOOK THAT EVERYBODY IS READING Now Off the Press ORDER NOW TO SECURE YOUR COPY "PHILOSOPHY AND OPINIONS OF MARCUS GARVEY" EDITED BY AMY JACQUES-GARVEY First Edition Published by THE UNIVERSAL PUBLISHING HOUSE Price: Paper Cover, $1.25; Cloth Cover, $1.75; Postpaid Send in Your Orders Now With Cash, Certified Check or Postal Money Order or Registered Currency to BOOK DEPARTMENT UNIVERSAL NEGRO. IMPROVEMENT ASSOCIATION 56 WEST 135th STREET NEW YORK, U. S. A. RHEUMATISM Why suffer with Rheumatism, Gout, of impure blood, when you can be relie SCHAPIRA'S Money refunded for first trial hone lose nothing and gain your health. Price, $1.00 Per Bottle Mail Orders Attend WILLIAM SCHAPIRA MAN 182 First Avenue, Corner 11 COMPLAINT D Why suffer with Rheumatism, Gout, Sciatica, Neuralgic Pain and diseases of impure blood, when you can be relieved by using SCHAPIRA'S ANTIDOL. The President-General of the Universal Negro Improvement Association, on his tour of the nation, has been approached by hundreds of loyal members and well-wishers of the Association in complaints against the treatment they have received from several of the various departments of the Organization at headquarters, and from individual officers and, employees at headquarters, as also against the conduct of certain Executive Officers whilst on the field. The President-General is grieved of the many complaints and hereby bags to announce that a Complaint Department is now established and attached to his office. All persons having complaints to make against any department officer or employ of the Organisation will please write to P. B.—If you love the Organization and desire to see it improve the service to the race, then you will not fail to report any irregularity in the part of official officers and employee of the Organization, caring not where the person be if he or she has done anything improper or unsuccessful, report it. If you have any complaints send them to now and don't wait until it is too late. Brought forward $192.75 Alexander Harper, Baltimore. Md. 1.00 David G. Speller, New Ken- ington, Pa. 25 San Pedro De Macoris, St. Domingo, R. D. 2.50 J. P. Tulti, Port au Prince, Hall 1.00 J. R. Stanford, Port au Prince, Hall 1.50 Sam A. Fill, Port au Prince. Hall 2.50 Oscar McCalla, Port au Prince, Hall 3.50 James Campbell, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba 1.50 E. Campbell, Guantanamo Bay, Cuba 1.50 GOOD HEALTH! GOOD LUCK! PROSERPIYE! HAPPINESS! Abundant, success is assured! If you will promise to faithfully follow instructions and advice that will be so freely given, Write now to Grace Gray DeLong, "The Little White Mother," America's Illustrous Adviser; tell her of your troubles, desires and ambitions—make request, for information, advice and about her system of relief. Do not ask her any money or gifts you can care to do, so your own free will. Your response to this announcement will be answered immediately in such form as deemed advisable to your needs, and too, under most ethically efficient, secretarial supervision and will be considered as privileged communications and strictly confidential. The work will help you visualize the better living conditions you have so ardently desired. For many, many years this beloved woman is assuring men and women effectively (apply mental laws to insure betterments. Write her freely and frankly today; he sure your full name and correct mailing address is stated in your letter. GRACE GRAY DeLONG. SAVANNAH. GEORGIA EVERYBODY IS READING In the Press SECURE YOUR COPY AND OPINIONS OF "GARVEY" ED BY TES-GARVEY Edition BASAL PUBLISHING HOUSE CONTENTS CHER I. ER II. Dissertation on Man Racism Assimilation Christianity The Function of Man Tolerance ER III. Great Ideas Know No Nationality Purpose of Creation Purity of Race Hold Know Thyself A Solution for World Peace God as a War Lord The Image of God ER IV. Three Stages of the Nagro in Contact with the White Man Hold That Their Problem Will Adjust Itself a Fallacy Examples of White Christian Control of Africa The Thought Behind Their Dereals Similarity of Persecution ER V. Statement on Arrest Cloth Cover, $1.75, Postpaid With Cash, Certified Check or Registered Currency to ARTMENT GOVEMENT ASSOCIATION 55th STREET K, U. S. A. Sciatics, Neuralgic Pain and diseases daved by using ANTIDOL, title, if not satisfactory. Try it-you- tle; 6 Bottles, $5.00 added to Promptly MANUFACTURING CHEMIST 11th Street, New York City